335 Field aged 98 Lab. aged Nonsig. Nonsig. --

132 Lab. aged, 79 Lab. aged, Nonsig. -- --

males females

89 Field aged, 246 Field aged, -- Sig., More male

fawns adults 95% adults

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433 Hunter-kills 142 Wolf-kills Sig., -- Older deer

99% in wolf-kill

321 Hunter-kills 118 Wolf-kills Sig., -- Older deer

excluding excluding 99% in wolf-kill

fawns fawns

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Ecological Studies of the Timber Wolf in Northeastern Minnesota · 第 40 / 69 题