(particularly the Site of their _Hall, Parlour, &c._) originally
belonged to _them_, and by the uniting Act[375] seem with great
Justice to have been intended to remain to their _sole_ and
_separate_ Use, tho’ in fact the _Surgeons_ have hitherto been
_indulged_ in the _equal_ Enjoyment of them with the _Barbers_.
[375] _32 H. 8. Ch. 42._ The united Company shall have, possess, and
enjoy, to them and their Successors for ever, all such Lands and
Tenements, and other Hereditaments whatsoever, which the said Company
or Commonalty of _Barbers_ have and enjoy, _to the Use_ of the said
Mystery and Commonalty of _Barbers_ of London.
_Secondly_, Because the _Surgeons Share_ of what may have been
acquired _since_ the Union, will scarce be an _adequate_ Recompence
to the _Barbers_ for the above _Indulgence_, much less for
the unmerited _Loss_ of a Brotherhood now so _honourable_ and
_advantageous_ to them.
_Thirdly_, Because the Expenses of the _Barbers_ when _distinctly_
incorporated, can fall but very little, if any thing, short of those
of the _united_ Company, so that a Reduction of _Income_ must subject
them to very great Difficulties, which (considering that _they_
neither desire, nor have given the _Surgeons_ just Cause to desire a
Separation) would be extremely hard and unreasonable.
_Lastly_, Because the present _flourishing_ Condition of the
_Surgeons_, (the only _real_ Alteration in the Circumstances of
Things) will sufficiently enable them to support the Dignity of their
_new_ and _favourite_ Institution with becoming _Splendor_, without
distressing their _less happy_ Brethren the _Barbers_.
APPENDIX F.
ACT OF PARLIAMENT 18 GEO. II, CAP. 15. (_See page 162._)
And it is hereby further enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That
such of the Members of the said United Company or Corporation, who
are Freemen of the said Company, and are not admitted or approved
Surgeons, and their Successors, shall, from and after the said
Twenty-fourth day of June, One thousand seven hundred and forty-five,
be, and they are hereby made and constituted, a Body Corporate,
and Commonalty Perpetual, which, at all times hereafter, shall be
called by the Name of The Master, Governors, and Commonalty of the
Mystery of Barbers of London; and, by the same name, shall plead
and be impleaded before all Manner of Justices, in all Courts, and
in all Manner of Actions and Suits; and also purchase, enjoy, and
take to them, and their Successors, any Lands, Tenements, Rents, or
Hereditaments, not exceeding the yearly Rent or Value of Two hundred
Pounds in the Whole, without incurring any of the Penalties or
Forfeitures of the Statutes of Mortmain.
And it is hereby further enacted by the Authority aforesaid, that
Master Jonathan Medley, the present First Master or Governor of the
said United Company or Corporation, and Master Humphrey Negus, the
present Third Master or Governor of the said United Company, and
such Two other Persons as shall hereafter be elected and appointed
for that Purpose, in pursuance of this Act, and as is hereinafter
mentioned shall be, and they are hereby respectively established and
confirmed, the Master and Governors of the Company or Corporation
of Barbers of London, established and incorporated by this Act; and
shall continue in, and hold, exercise, and enjoy the said Offices
respectively, until others shall be chosen, elected, and appointed in
and to the same Offices respectively, pursuant and according to the
By-laws, Rules, Orders, and Constitutions of the same Company; and
that the said Jonathan Medley, Humphrey Negus, and William Parker,
Luke Maurice, John Barnwell, John Truelove, William Haddon, John
Negus, Edward Boxley, Samuel Rutter, Robert Scrooby, Richard Swithin,
Edward Colebeck, Togarmah Jones, and John Gurney, being Fifteen of
the present Court of Assistants of the said United Company, and
such Nine other Persons as shall be hereafter elected and appointed
for that purpose, in pursuance of this Act, and as is hereinafter
mentioned, shall be, and they are hereby constituted and appointed,
the Court of Assistants of the Company of Barbers, made, established,
and incorporated by this Act; and shall continue in, and hold, enjoy,
and exercise the said office during their natural Lives respectively,
or until they shall be respectively removed out of the said Office,
pursuant and according to the said By-laws, Rules, Ordinances and
Constitutions of the said Company of Barbers of London.
And it is hereby further enacted, That it shall and may be lawful to
and for the said Jonathan Medley, Humphrey Negus, William Parker,
Luke Maurice, John Barnwell, John Truelove, William Haddon, John
Negus, Edward Boxley, Samuel Rutter, Robert Scrooby, Richard Swithin,
Edward Colebeck, Togarmah Jones and John Gurney, or the major Part
of them, to meet at or in the Hall now belonging to the said united
Company, situate in Monkwell Street in the City of London, on the
Twenty-fifth Day of June, One thousand seven hundred and forty-five,
between the Hours of Nine in the Morning and One in the Afternoon of
the same Day, and then and there to elect, choose, and appoint, out
of the Freemen of the said Company or Corporation of the Barbers of
London, established and incorporated by this Act, by the Majority of
the Votes of such of the said Fifteen Persons last mentioned, who
shall be present at such Meeting, so many other Persons to be of the
said Court of Assistants of the said Company or Corporation of the
Barbers of London, as will make the Number Twenty-four, to continue
in the said Office respectively for and during their natural Lives,
or until they shall be respectively removed out of the said Office;
and also that immediately after such Court of Assistants shall be
made up the said Number of Twenty-four Persons, the said Court of
Assistants shall then and there, by the Majority of Votes of such of
the said Court of Assistants as shall be then present, elect, choose,
and appoint from among themselves, Two Persons, to be the Third and
Fourth Governors of the said Company or Corporation of the Barbers of
London, to continue in, hold, exercise, and enjoy, the said Offices
respectively as aforesaid.
And it is hereby further enacted, That it shall and may be lawful
for the Master and Governors for the Time being of the said Company
or Corporation of Barbers, or any Two or more of them, with Eleven
or more of the Members of the said Court of Assistants for the Time
being, when and as often as to Two or more of the said Master and
Governors shall seem meet to hold Courts or Assemblies at or in
the Hall of the said Company for the Time being, in order to treat
and consult about the Rule, State, Order, and Government of the
said Company or Corporation of Barbers; and also that it shall and
may be lawful to and for the said Master and Governors, and Court
of Assistants, so assembled, or the major Part of them, to make,
constitute, ordain, establish, ratify, and confirm, all or any such
By-laws, Ordinances, Rules, and Constitutions, as to them shall seem
requisite, proper, or convenient for the Regulation, Government,
Profit, or Advantage of the said Company or Corporation of the
Barbers of London, and the Members thereof, and the same, from Time
to Time, to alter or repeal; so as the By-laws, Ordinances, Rules,
and Constitutions so to be made and established, shall be examined,
approved, and allowed of, as by the Laws and Statutes of the Realm is
provided and required.
Provided always, and it is hereby enacted and declared, That the
several By-laws, Ordinances, Rules, and Constitutions, made and
established for the Regulation and Government of the said United
Company or Corporation, so far as the same do not relate to or
concern the Art or Science of Surgery, and which, on the said
Twenty-third day of June, shall be subsisting and in Force, and shall
not be repealed, annulled or abrogated by virtue of this present Act,
shall continue and be in Force, and shall be exercised, observed, and
executed by the said Company of Barbers established and incorporated
by this Act, until such Time and Times respectively as the same
By-laws, Ordinances, Rules, and Constitutions, shall respectively be
repealed, annulled and made void, by virtue and under the Authority
of this present Act.
And it is hereby further enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That the
Master and Governors of the said Company or Corporation of Barbers of
London shall be yearly elected and chosen on the second Thursday in
August, by the Court of Assistants or the major Part of them, or in
such manner as by the By-laws, Rules, Orders, and Constitutions of
the same Company or Corporation shall be ordained or provided; and
that when and as often as any member of the said Court of Assistants
of the said Company of Barbers shall happen to die, or be removed,
it shall and may be lawful to and for the surviving Members of the
said Court of Assistants, or the major Part of them, to nominate and
elect one other Person, being a Freeman of the same Company, to be
a Member of the said Court of Assistants, in the Room of the Person
so deceased or removed; and the person so nominated or elected shall
continue in, hold, and exercise the said Office for and during his
natural Life, or until he shall be removed out of the same.
And it is hereby further enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That
the Master, Governors, and Commonalty of the Mystery of Barbers of
London, hereby made, established, and incorporated as aforesaid,
and their Successors, and all Persons who shall be free of the same
Company or Corporation, shall and may, from Time to Time, and at
all Times for ever hereafter, have, hold, and enjoy all and every
such and the same Liberties, Privileges, Franchises, Powers, and
authorities, as the said United Company or Corporation, with respect
to every Thing but Surgery, and the Members of the said United
Company, occupying the Feat or Craft of Barbery or Shaving, could or
might respectively have had, held and enjoyed by virtue of the said
recited Act of Union or Incorporation, [32 Hen. viij] and Letters
Patents of his late Majesty King Charles the First, and other the
Royal Grants, Charters, and Patents therein respectively mentioned
and referred to, so far as the same do not concern or relate to
the Art and Science of Surgery; and that in as full, ample, and
beneficial Manner, to all Intents and Purposes, as if the same had
been expressly repeated, set down, and enacted in and by this present
Act.
And it is hereby Enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That the Sum of
Five hundred and ten Pounds, now vested in the said United Company,
and which was given and paid to the said United Company by Edward
Arris, for the Use of the publick Anatomy Lectures on the Muscles,
and also the Annuity or yearly Rent-charge of Sixteen Pounds given
to the said United Company by the Will of John Gale, Gentleman, for
One Anatomy Lecture, by the Name of Gale’s Anatomy, and charged upon
certain Messuages and Tenements at Snow Hill, in the Parish of Saint
Sepulchre, without Newgate, London, shall, from and after the said
Twenty-fourth Day of June, One thousand seven hundred and forty-five
be vested in, and be deemed the sole Property, Estate, and Effects
of the said Company and Corporation of Surgeons established and
incorporated by this Act; and that the said Sum of Five hundred and
ten Pounds be accordingly paid by the said Company or Corporation of
Barbers of London, out of the Estate and Effects of and now belonging
to the said United Company or Corporation, within Three Months
next after the said Twenty-fourth day of June, and that the said
Sum of Five hundred and ten Pounds, and the said Annuity or yearly
Rent-charge of Sixteen Pounds per Annum, shall be held and enjoyed by
the said Company of Surgeons established by this Act, upon Trust, to
be applied and disposed of for the Purposes intended by the Donors
thereof respectively; and that from and after the Payment of the
said Five hundred and ten Pounds by the said Company of Barbers to
the said Company of Surgeons, they the said Master, Governors, and
Commonalty of the Mystery of Barbers of London, and their Successors,
shall for ever be discharged of and from the said Sum or Gift of
Five hundred and ten Pounds, and every Part thereof, and of and from
the said Annuity or Gift of Sixteen Pounds per annum, and every Part
thereof, and of and from all Duties and Trusts in respect of the said
Gifts, or either of them; and shall, from Time to Time, be saved
harmless, and kept indemnified, by the said Company of Surgeons, of,
from, and against the same, and all Actions, Suits, Charges, and
Expences which they the said Master, Governors, and Commonalty of the
Mystery of Barbers of London, or their successors, shall or may, from
Time to Time, be put unto or sustain on account thereof; and that
all the Rest and Residue of the Real and Personal Estate and Effects
of and belonging to the said United Company or Corporation, and the
Arms or Ensigns Armorial of the same Company or Corporation, shall,
from and after the said Twenty-fourth Day of June, One thousand seven
hundred and forty-five, be vested in, and the same are hereby from
thence forth vested in the said Company or Corporation of Barbers of
London, and their Successors, to and for their own sole and separate
Use and Benefit, for ever.
And it is hereby further enacted by the Authority aforesaid, That
such of the Books, Papers, and Writings which now belong to the said
United Company of Barbers and Surgeons, and relate to or concern the
Surgeons or Surgery only, shall, immediately after the First day of
July, One thousand seven hundred and forty-five, be delivered by
the said Company of Barbers, established and incorporated by this
Act, to the Master, and Governors, and Court of Assistants, of the
said Company of Surgeons established and incorporated by this Act,
or such other Person or Persons as they, or the major Part of them,
shall by Writing under their Hands, appoint to receive the same, for
the Use and benefit of the said Company of Surgeons: And that the
Master, Governors, and Court of Assistants, of the same Company of
Surgeons, or any of them, or such other Person or Persons as they, or
the major Part of them, shall by writing under their hands, appoint,
shall and may, from Time to Time, and at all seasonable Times, upon
reasonable Notice, from and after the said First Day of July, One
thousand seven hundred and forty-five, have free Access to, and
Liberty to inspect and peruse, in the Hands of such Person or Persons
as the said Company of Barbers shall Appoint to have the Care and
Custody thereof, all the rest of the Books, Papers, and Writings, and
also all the Charters and Deeds which now belong to the said United
Company of Barbers and Surgeons; and, from Time to Time, to take such
Copies or Extracts of or from the same, or any of them, as the said
Master, Governors, and Court of Assistants of the said Company of
Surgeons, or the major Part of them, or such other Person or Persons
so to be appointed as aforesaid, shall, from Time to Time, desire or
require; and also that the said Company of Barbers shall, from Time
to Time, and at all Times, upon reasonable Notice, from and after
the said First Day of July, produce the said last mentioned Books,
Papers, Writings, Charters, and Deeds, or any of them, at the Expence
of the said Company of Surgeons, upon any Trial at Law, or Hearing
in Equity, or Examination of Witnesses, or otherwise, where the said
Company of Surgeons shall have occasion to make use thereof, or of
any of them, and permit the said Company of Surgeons to make use of
the same accordingly.
Provided always, and it is hereby further enacted by the Authority
aforesaid, That every Person who hath been bound Apprentice to any
Member of the said United Company, and by the Laws or Custom of the
City of London, or otherwise, is or would be intitled to his Freedom
of the said United Company, and to the Freedom of the said City,
in case this present Act had never been made, shall be intitled
and admitted to his Freedom in the said Company or Corporation of
Surgeons, if his Master is or was an examined Surgeon, or else to
his Freedom in the said Company of Barbers; and in either case shall
be intitled and admitted to his Freedom of the said City of London,
any Law, Usage, or Custom, to the contrary thereof in any wise
notwithstanding.
And be it further enacted by the Authority aforesaid, that this Act
shall be deemed, adjudged, and taken to be a publick Act; and be
judicially taken notice of as such, by all Judges, Justices, and
other persons whatsoever, without specially pleading the same.
APPENDIX G. (_See page 339._)
CHARLES R.
Trustie and welbeloved wee greete you well Whereas wee understand
that contrary to the antient Charters & an act of Parliament
confirmed by us and o{r} late deere father divers Hosiers Dyers &
other tradesmen unskilfull in Chirurgery or Barbarye have bene chosen
into & held the places of Governem{t} of the Companye of Barbar
Surgians, when in deed for many waightie reasons the governem{t} of
that Companye hath bene established & settled by Act of Parliam{t} &
ought to consist of 4 Masters or Governo{rs} whereof twoe be expert
in Surgerye and the other twoe in Barbarye and that by meanes of such
undue Elections the true intenc͠on of the Chrẽs and Act of Parliament
for the well governem{t} of that Companye have bene neglected,
Wee takeing into considerac͠on of what dangerous consequence it
maye be to suffer a Companye wherein the lives and safetie of o{r}
people are soe much concerned and for w{ch} o{r} Progenito{rs}
have soe carefully provided, to bee governed by such unskilfull
pˀsons; Doe therefore herebye straightlie charge & comaund you,
That from henceforth it be duelye observed in all yo{r} Elections
of Governo{rs} that none be chosen into that governem{t} but such
as are capeable thereof by the said Act of Parliam{t} viz{t} twoe
expert in Chirurgerye and the other twoe in Barbarye, And of yo{r}
due pˀformance herein wee shall expect an exact Accompt. Given under
o{r} signett at our Palace of Westmˀster the three & twentieth daye
of March in the fower teenth yeare of o{r} reigne.
To o{r} trustie & Welbeloved the Masters }
or Governo{rs} Assistants and Coĩaltie of }
Barbars and Chirurgians of Lonᵭ. }
INDEX RERUM.
The reader will find it convenient to observe the general arrangement
of this Index before using it, several references being grouped under
distinctive or separate headings.
The details of various insignificant items (_e.g._, many of the
Wardens’ payments pp. 379-422, and similar matter), together with the
Biographical Notices and Appendices (which speak for themselves),
have not been indexed. To have given a reference to _every_ sentence
would have _materially_ increased the bulk of the volume without a
corresponding advantage, but every endeavour has been made to include
whatever is practical or useful.
Abuse (_see_ opprobryous wordes).
ACTS OF PARLIAMENT--
Physicians and Surgeons (3 H. VIII), 72, 347.
Jury Service (1513), 74.
Ordinances of Guilds (20 H. VII), 77.
Incorporation of Barbers and Surgeons (32 H. VIII), 74, 78, 156,
244, 301, 347, 439, 441, 586.
Separation of Barbers and Surgeons (18 G. II), 162, 248, 597.
Hairpowder (10 Anne and 4 G. II), 164-5.
Alderman, Barber-Surgeons who have been, 19.
Aliens rejected, 354.
ANATOMIES--
Public and private, 362.
Public, regulations to be observed at, 335.
ANATOMISTS--
Appointed, 314, 363, 364, 365.
To spend less on feasting, 365.
ANATOMY--
Public, given up for three years, 327.
Member fined for having a private, 317.
Private, permitted, 372.
Charges about a dead body, 342, 353.
Demonstrators of, to have a silver medal, 355, 356.
Details of minor expenses, 356.
Dinners, guests not to come to, 370.
Dinner, Pepys attends an, 372.
Dissecting room to be built, 334.
Making a skeleton, 418.
Masters and stewards of, 361, 362.
Masters of, to provide aprons, &c., for the doctor, 309.
None but masters and stewards to dissect, 345.
None dissected in 1644, 364.
Reader appointed, 334, 366, 367, 370, 371, 372.
Reader, gifts to the, 366, 367, 368, 405.
Regulations for demonstrations of, 376.
Lectures, compulsory attendance at, 313, 344.
Lectures, days for holding, 371.
Lectures, licenses for absence from, 313, 318, 326, 327.
Lectures, increased accommodation at, 315.
Lectures, surgeons to contribute to cost of, 366.
Lectures to be read by members of the company, 365, 366, 367,
371, 372.
Annuities granted, 405.
Apparel, excess of, 124.
APPRENTICES--
Minutes relating to, illustrating their general bad behaviour
and quarrels with masters, punishment, &c., 261-70.
Corrector for, 388, 392, 406.
Girls as, 269, 270.
Statistics of, 259.
Troublesome, 260.
Not to wear beards, 261.
Presentation of, 260.
Turn over of, 260, 272.
Apprentices of surgeons to be examined, and how, 309, 310.
Examined to have a preferment of grace, 310.
To know Latin and to write and read, 309, 354.
Need not know Latin, 312.
Payment for whipping an, 389.
Indentures cancelled for marrying, 264.
Apprenticeship, term of, 260.
Archbishop of Canterbury’s barber complained of, 221.
Architect of Theatre and Court room, &c. (_vide_ Index Nominum
_sub_ Jones, Inigo).
ARMOUR--
And guns sold, 403.
Cleaned, 392, 419.
Exemption from bearing (_see_ Jury service).
Provision of, 108.
Armourer appointed, 174, 204.
" dismissed, 178.
Arms to be cast in lead and affixed to houses, 231.
ARMY SURGEONS--
Sent to Colchester, 343.
The Company ask to have examination of, 348.
Medicine chests provided for, 405.
ARRISIAN ENDOWMENT--
Account of, 160, 161.
The offer of Mr. Arris, 368.
The deed of settlement, 369.
Subsequently varied, 369.
Paid to Surgeons’ Company, 230.
ASSISTANTS--
First mention of, 244.
Precedence of, 225.
Limited in number, 186.
Varied number of, 244.
Absent from court to be fined, 221.
Expelled, 185, 187, 204, 216, 251.
Summoned to attend court, 221.
Refuse to attend court, 221.
In hot weather sit without gowns, 203, 225.
To have fees, 228.
Assistant wants to be drawn to the Hall with wild horses, 215.
ASSISTANTS, COURT OF--
Origin of, 242, 243.
Powers of, 247.
When held, 246, 247.
Order of sitting in, 225.
Disturbances at, 248.
Peace restored at, 218.
As now constituted, 248.
Fine to go on the, 207.
Act as private Trustees, 214.
Serjeant Clowes objects to serve as Warden, 248, 249.
His unpopularity, 250.
His apology, 250.
Audit book of Wardens’ accounts, 379.
" dinner in 1603, cost of, 381, 383.
BANNERS--
And streamers purchased, 192.
Cost of, 397.
Defaced by Cromwell, 142, 407.
Painting the, 400, 416.
In 1728, 488, 489.
Banner, the present, 432.
BARBER--
First admission of a, to freedom of City, 25.
Forbidden to keep a servant, 205.
Complained of, for teaching a foreyn, 218.
Complained of, for using surgery, 322.
BARBERS--
Early notices of, in City books, 25, 26, 27.
Keepers of City gates, 25.
Forbidden to expose blood, 23, 119, 181.
Practise surgery in early times, 22, 23.
Bound not to practise surgery, 320.
To be prosecuted for using surgery, 349, 350, 351, 352.
To shut up shop, 177, 185, 198, 199.
Case of the, in 1745, 594.
Basins, 378.
Chairs, 378.
Poles, 181.
Pudding, 458.
(_See_ Charters.)
(_See_ Company, the.)
(_See_ Lincoln.)
(_See_ Norwich.)
BARBER-SURGEONS--
(_See_ Charters.)
(_See_ Company, the.)
Books and belongings of a, temp. H. VIII, 377.
BARBERS AND SURGEONS--
Union of, by H. VIII, and remarks thereon, 78-80.
Separation proposed, 146.
Separation of, and proceedings in Parliament, 154-162.
Table recording separation of, 419.
Barbery and surgery, freemen sued for using both, 189.
BARGE--
Hired, 172, 187, 209.
Contributions to the, 411.
Expenses about the, 411, 412, 413.
Rowers for the, 416.
To be sold, 222.
House at Lambeth, lease of, 221.
House to be repaired, 221, 224.
House finally given up, 227.
House, let to the Ironmongers, 416.
BARGEMAN--
Appointed, 207.
To have new “britches,” 221.
To have new livery, 227.
To deliver up coat and badge, 229.
BAYLE OR STANDING--
To be provided, 186, 229.
New, to be made, 420.
At Cromwell’s entertainment, 408.
To be sold, 237.