[1146] Archæologia, vol. iii. p. 132. A Memoir on Cock-fighting, by
Samuel Pegge, M.A., Rector of Wittington. As this learned antiquary
made use of what was collected by others on this subject, I have taken
the same liberty with his paper; but have rectified some mistakes and
made new additions.
[1147] Palmerii Exercit. in Auct. Græcos. Ultraj. 1694, 4to, p. 3.
[1148] Lib. i. cap. 35 et 45.
[1149] See Vossius de Historicis Græcis, lib. ii. cap. 10. Extracts
from this book of Ptolemy may be found in Photii Bibliotheca, 1612,
fol. p. 472.
[1150] The passages which indisputably relate to quail-fighting, as
far as I know, are as follows: Plutarch. Apophthegm. p. 207, ed.
Francofurt, 1620, fol. Cæsar Augustus caused a person to be punished
for having purchased and used as food a quail which had always been
victorious; and in Vita Antonini, p. 930, it is said that Antoninus
often had the satisfaction of seeing his game-cocks and quails
victorious. M. Antoninus de Se-ipso, i. § 6, declares that he never
took pleasure in keeping quails for fighting. Herodian, iii. 10, 4,
says that the son of Septimus Severus always got into quarrels at
quail- and cock-fighting.
[1151] This account is given by Jul. Pollux, lib. ix. cap. 7, § 102 et
108.--Suidas, v. ὀρτυγοκόπος, ed. Kusteri, ii. p. 717.--Meursius de
Ludis Græcorum, in Gronovii Thes. Græc. Antiq. vii. p. 979.
[1152] Pollux, p. 1095.
[1153] De Gymnasiis, cap. 37.
[1154] Cap. 41, p. 985.
[1155] Histor. Anim. iv. 1.
[1156] Var. Histor. ii. 28. Kühn quotes from Eustathius’s commentary on
the Iliad, p. 740, a passage which contains a new proof that the Romans
had quail-fighting rather than cock-fighting. The words of Ælian are
admitted by Petit among the Attic laws. See his Leges Atticæ, p. 156.
[1157] Diogen. Laert. ii. 30. p. 98.
[1158] Stobæi Eclog. ed. Gesneri. Tiguri 1543, fol. p. 298. Cœlius
Rhodiginus Lection. Antiq. xvi. 13, and after him Delechamp, Kühn,
Pegge, and others say, that the philosopher Chrysippus extols the
game-cock also on account of its courage; but none of these writers has
told us where this fragment of the lost works of that polygraph is to
be found. I met with it in Plutarchi lib. de Stoicorum repugnantiis, p.
1049.
[1159] Solanus ad Luciani lib. c.
[1160] The passage occurs in the treatise, Liber quisquis virtuti
studet, in op. ed. Mangey, ii. p. 466.
[1161] In his observations on Pliny, lib. x. 21, sect. 34.
[1162] Antiq. of Greece.
[1163] De Divinationum Generibus, 1591, 8vo, 232, b.
[1164] Geniales Dies, v. 13.
[1165] De Divinatione, i. cap. 34.
[1166] Plin. x. 21, sect. 34.
[1167] In his Annotations on Rosini Antiquit. Rom. iii. cap. 10. See
Hyde de Religione Persarum, p. 163.
[1168] Lib. xiv. cap. 20.
[1169] Aves, 484, 707. Beck, in his edition of this comedy, Lips. 1782,
8vo, p. 50, thinks that the ancients themselves did not know whence
this appellation arose. He refers therefore to the scholiasts, and to
Suidas, v. Περσικός ὄρνις, p. 102, whose words have been copied by
Phavorinus into his dictionary, p. 598; and he supposes, with Suidas,
that the similarity of the cock’s comb to the Persian covering for the
head gave occasion to the name. But the passage quoted from Athenæus
assigns a much more probable reason.
[1170] Voy. aux Indes Or. ii. p. 117, where there is also a figure of
the wild fowls.
[1171] Reineggs Beschreibung des Kaukasus, 1797, 8vo, p. 69.
[1172] Lib. x. c. 7.
[1173] Cap. 86.
[1174] De Legibus, l. vii.
[1175] Onomast. ix. 84.
[1176] Antich. di Ercolano, tom. viii. Lucerne, p. 63. More engravings
of coins with similar impressions may be found in Haym. Thes. Brit. i.
pp. 213, 234, in Agostini Gem. P. i. p. 199, and in Gorleus, P. i. 51,
and 114, also P. ii. 246. Frölich Notit. Numism. p. 81. A single cock
may often have been the emblem of vigilance.
[1177] Lib. iv. cap. 36.
[1178] Lib. xxii. cap. 21, sect. 30: “perdices et gallinaceos
pugnaciores fieri putant, in cibum eorum additis.” This affords a
further proof that partridges also were made to fight.
[1179] Aves, 760: αἶρε πλῆκτρον εἰ μάχει: tolle calcar si pugnas. See
what has been said in regard to this proverb by Suidas, and by Erasmus
in his Adagia.
[1180] The most celebrated breeds are mentioned by Columella, viii.
2.--Plin. x. 21.--Geopon. xvi. 3, 30.
[1181] Varro, iii. 9.
[1182] De Bello Gallico, lib. v. 12.
[1183] “Præterea quotannis die, quæ dicitur carnivale (ut a puerorum
ludis incipiamus, omnes enim pueri fuimus) scholarum singuli pueri suos
apportant magistro suo gallos gallinaceos pugnatores, et totum illud
antemeridanum datur ludo puerorum vacantium spectare in scholis suorum
pugnas gallorum.” I have transcribed these words from the first edition
of this old topography, which is entitled A Survey of London, written
in the year 1598, by John Stow ... with an appendix containing Libellum
de situ et nobilitate Londini, written by William Fitzstephen. Lond.
1599, 4to, p. 480. Stow translates the word _Carnivale_ by _Shrove
Tuesday_.
[1184] Du Cange, Glossarium. This council, as I conjecture, was held in
the town of Copriniacum in diocesi Burdegalensi, which, as some think,
was Cognac.
[1185] See Maitland’s London, and Stow’s Survey, by Strype, i. p. 302.
edit. 1754.
[1186] Bell’s Travels, p. 303.
[1187] Tavernier.
[1188] Dampier. Also the Gentleman’s Mag. 1770, p. 564.
[1189] Wafer, p. 118.