_Remarks._--This subspecies of _Dipodomys ordii_ appears to be
restricted to the San Luis Valley of Colorado and New Mexico.
Intergradation, between _Dipodomys ordii ordii_ and _D. o. montanus_, is
noted in animals from Gran Quivira, Mesa Jumanes, New Mexico. These
animals have the frontomaxillary suture and extension of the premaxilla
as in _D. o. ordii_ and the nasals and inflation of the auditory bullae
as in _D. o. montanus_. In the majority of characters they are, however,
referable to the latter. Intergradation is noted also in animals from 4
miles southwest of Cimmaron, New Mexico, in that they resemble _D. o.
richardsoni_ in the shape of the nasals and the width and length of the
rostrum but in the remainder of the characters studied resemble _D. o.
montanus_ to which they are referred.
Baird, in the original description, gives "near Fort Massachusetts" as
the type locality for this subspecies. Miller (1923) lists the type
locality as "Fort Massachusetts (now Fort Garland)." Fort Massachusetts
and Fort Garland are two different ex-army posts. Old Fort Massachusetts
was situated on what is now the Trinchera Ranch which is north of the
town of Fort Garland. Old Fort Garland is approximately one-half mile
south of the town of Fort Garland. The two abandoned army posts were no
more than twelve miles apart. In 1946, at neither abandoned post could I
find any habitat suitable for kangaroo rats.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 148, distributed as follows:
=Colorado=: _Saguache County_: Saguache, 1 (USBS). _Alamosa
County_: 1.6 mi. NE Medano Springs Ranch Headquarters, 8 (MVZ);
Great Sand Dunes National Monument, 10 (MVZ); 8 mi. S Great Sand
Dunes National Monument, 4 (MVZ); Medano Ranch, 15 mi. NE Mosca,
11 (2 USBS; 9 MVZ); 22 mi. E Mosca, 5 (AMNH); Alamosa, 1 (UM).
_Conejos County_: Antonito, 1 (USBS); 7 mi. E Antonito, 3 (USBS);
12 mi. E Antonito, 2 (USBS). _Costilla County_: 4-1/2 mi. N
Blanca, 8100 ft., 3 (MVZ); 1 mi. NE Blanca, 7950 ft., 1 (MVZ); 3
mi. NW Fort Garland, 6 (CMNH); 1 mi. NW Fort Garland, 3 (MVZ); 15
mi. W Fort Garland, 7800 ft., 4 (KU); Fort Garland, 64 (31 USBS;
28 LACM; 5 MVZ); 5 mi. SSE Fort Garland, 4 (AMNH); 5 mi. S Fort
Garland, 2 (AMNH).
=New Mexico=: _Colfax County_: 4 mi. SW Cimmaron, 5 (AMNH); 3 mi.
SE Cimmaron, 8 (AMNH); 1-1/2 mi. W Philmont Ranch Headquarters, 2
(AMNH).
=Dipodomys ordii cinderensis= Hardy
_Dipodomys ordii cinderensis_ Hardy, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
57:53, October 31, 1944.
_Type._--Male, no. 4611, Mus. Zool., Univ. Utah; at approximately
4,000 ft. on sandy soil, immediately north of the northern of two
large cinder cones in Diamond Valley, 10 mi. N St. George,
Washington County, Utah; obtained on February 13, 1944, by Ross
Hardy, original no. 2690.
_Range._--Diamond Valley, Washington County, Utah, north through
Mountain Meadows, east as far as Cedar City, Iron County, Utah,
north through the Escalante Desert to Lund, Iron County, and west
almost to the Utah-Nevada boundary; marginal occurrences, all in
Utah are: 11 mi. SE Lund; N end Mountain Meadows; Diamond Valley;
10 mi. W Cedar City; 4-1/2 mi. NW Summit and 6 mi. W Parowan.
_Diagnosis._--Size small (see measurements). Color dark, upper
parts near Buffy Brown, strongly suffused with black, purest on
sides and flanks; pinnae of ears, plantar surfaces of hind feet,
dorsal and ventral stripes of tail, arietiform markings, black.
Skull small; rostrum narrow; auditory bullae relatively as well as
actually well inflated; external auditory meatus small;
interparietal region narrow.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii fetosus_, _D. o.
cinderensis_ differs in: Size smaller; color darker; skull smaller
in all measurements taken.
From _Dipodomys ordii panguitchensis_, _D. o. cinderensis_ differs
as follows: Size smaller; color lighter; skull smaller except for
auditory bullae which are larger; external auditory meatus
smaller; maxillary tooth-row longer.
Compared with _Dipodomys ordii longipes_ and _Dipodomys ordii
cupidineus_, _D. o. cinderensis_ is smaller, darker and can easily
be distinguished.
For comparisons with _Dipodomys ordii celeripes_ and _Dipodomys
ordii utahensis_ see accounts of those subspecies.
_Remarks._--This race confined to Utah, and inhabiting northern
Washington County and most of Iron County, is restricted almost
exclusively to areas of loose shifting sand. Intergradation with
_Dipodomys ordii fetosus_ occurs near Lund. The animals from this
locality intergrade in size of body and in color, but in the majority of
cranial characters resemble _D. o. cinderensis_. In all characters
studied _D. o. cinderensis_ appears to be more closely related to
_Dipodomys ordii utahensis_ than to any other subspecies with which it
comes into actual contact.
Animals from near Parowan have both cranial and external characters
by which they could be referred to either _D. o. panguitchensis_
or _D. o. cinderensis_. Owing to the existence of the physical barrier
(Cedar Mountains) separating the two populations, they are referred
to _D. o. cinderensis_. _Dipodomys ordii cinderensis_ is not a
well differentiated race but appears to possess characters sufficiently
diagnostic to distinguish it from contiguous forms.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 74, all from Utah, distributed as
follows: _Iron County_: 11 mi. SE Lund, 50 (46 RH; 4 MVZ); 4-1/2
mi. NW Summit and 6 mi. W Parowan, 9 (RH); 10 mi. W Cedar City, 1
(USAC); 5 mi. W Cedar City, 1 (USAC); Cedar City, 2 (BYU).
_Washington County_: Diamond Valley, 9 (RH); N end Mountain
Meadows, 2 (RH).
=Dipodomys ordii fetosus= Durrant and Hall
_Dipodomys ordii fetosus_ Durrant and Hall, Mammalia, 3:14, March,
1939.
_Type._--Female, adult, no. 48451, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology,
University of California; 2 mi. N Panaca, 4,800 ft., Lincoln
County, Nevada; obtained on June 24, 1931, by Ward C. Russell,
original no. 1658.
_Range._--Southeastern Nevada and western Beaver and Millard
counties, Utah; marginal occurrences in Nevada, 2 mi. SE Pioche,
15 mi. WSW Sunnyside, 16-1/2 mi. WSW Sunnyside, 14 mi. NNE Sharp,
8-1/2 mi. NE Sharp, 15 mi. S Groom Baldy, 10 mi. E Crystal Spring,
Panaca; in Utah, Pine Valley, 50 mi. W Milford and 5 mi. S
Garrison.
_Diagnosis._--Size medium (see measurements). Color dark, entire
dorsal surface (_16''_) between Pinkish Cinnamon and Cinnamon-Buff,
purest on sides and flanks with strong admixture of black in upper
parts; cheeks white; pinnae of ears, arietiform markings, plantar
surfaces of hind feet, dorsal and ventral stripes of tail,
blackish. Skull medium in size; rostrum wide and short;
interorbital region narrow; braincase but slightly vaulted;
lacrimal processes large; zygomatic arches weak and bowed
laterally; pterygoid fossae large and subcircular.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii utahensis_, _D. o. fetosus_
differs as follows: Hind foot longer; color lighter; skull larger;
rostrum, relatively as well as actually, shorter and wider; nasals
longer and wider; interorbital region narrower; braincase less
vaulted; interparietal region narrower; auditory bullae more
inflated laterally, posteriorly and ventrally; foramen magnum
smaller.
From _Dipodomys ordii celeripes_, _D. o. fetosus_ differs as
follows: Larger; color darker; arietiform markings present; skull
larger; rostrum longer and wider; nasals longer and less inflated
distally; interorbital region wider; auditory bullae somewhat more
inflated; zygomatic arches more robust.
For comparisons with _Dipodomys ordii monoensis_, _D. o.
columbianus_, _D. o. pallidus_, _D. o. panguitchensis_ and _D. o.
cinderensis_ see accounts of those subspecies.
_Remarks._--_Dipodomys ordii fetosus_ has a small geographic range. Hall
(1946:416) points out that the interorbital breadth in topotypes is less
than in those from any other part of the range. This feature, therefore,
is not useful in characterizing this subspecies. Intergradation with
_Dipodomys ordii columbianus_ is noted in the greater total length and
the somewhat darker color in animals from Coal Valley and Garden Valley,
Nevada. In the part of the range which lies in Utah, none of the animals
is typical and all are intergrades in color and cranial characters with
_Dipodomys ordii celeripes_.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 136, distributed as follows:
=Nevada=: _Nye County_: White River Valley, 15 mi. WSW Sunnyside,
5500 ft., 26 (MVZ); White River Valley, 16-1/2 mi. WSW Sunnyside,
5500 ft., 6 (MVZ); 14 mi. NNE Sharp, 1 (MVZ); Garden Valley, 15
mi. NE Sharp, 1 (MVZ); Garden Valley, 14-1/2 mi. NE Sharp, 3
(MVZ); 8-1/2 mi. NE Sharp, 17 (MVZ). _Lincoln County_: E side Coal
Valley, 14 mi. N Seeman Pass, 4850 ft., 4 (MVZ); 2 mi. SE Pioche,
1 (MVZ); E side Coal Valley, 10 mi. N Seeman Pass, 1 (MVZ); Desert
Valley, 20 mi. SW Pioche, 1 (MVZ); 2 mi. N Panaca, 4800 ft., 17
(16 MVZ; 1 CAS); Desert Valley, 21 mi. W Panaca, 10 (MVZ); Crystal
Spring, Pahranagat Valley, 4000 ft., 2 (MVZ); 10 mi. E Crystal
Springs, 5000 ft., 1 (MVZ); 15 mi. S Groom Baldy, 1 (MVZ).
=Utah=: _Millard County_: 5 mi. S Garrison, 5400 ft., 12 (MVZ);
Pine Valley, Sec. 33, T. 25 S, R. 17 W, 5000 ft., 16 (UU); Warm
Cove, Sec. 34, T. 25 S, R. 18 W, 5500 ft., 2 (UU); Desert Range
Experiment Station, 50 mi. W Milford, 5252 ft., 10 (9 UU; 1 BYU).
=Dipodomys ordii utahensis= (Merriam)
_Perodipus montanus utahensis_ Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 17:143, July 14, 1904.
_Perodipus ordii utahensis_, Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
30:113, May 23, 1917.
_Dipodomys ordii columbianus_, Grinnell, Journ. Mamm., 2:96, May
2, 1921.
_Dipodomys ordii columbianus_, Hall, Univ. California Publ. Zool.,
37:5, April 10, 1931 (part--the part from Ogden, Utah.)
_Type._--Male, adult, no. 55115, U. S. Nat. Mus. Biol. Surv. Coll.;
Ogden, Weber County, Utah; obtained on July 15, 1893, by Vernon
Bailey, original no. 4085.
_Range._--Between Great Salt Lake and the Wasatch Mountains from
extreme northern Utah, south to northern Sevier County, Utah;
marginal occurrences, all in Utah, are: Promontory Point, Ogden,
St. John, Cedar Valley, Nephi, Aurora, Spring City, Provo and 4
mi. N Draper.
_Diagnosis._--Size small (see measurements). Color dark, entire
dorsal surface (_a_) between Cinnamon-Buff and Clay Color, purest
on sides, flanks and cheeks, with heavy admixture of black in
upper parts; arietiform markings, pinnae of ears, plantar surfaces
of hind feet, dorsal and ventral stripes of tail blackish. Skull
small; rostrum short and narrow; interorbital region moderately
wide; interparietal large, spatulate anteriorly; lacrimal
processes relatively large; braincase vaulted; zygomatic arches
robust and straight; auditory bullae relatively, as well as
actually, greatly inflated.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii marshalli_, _D. o.
utahensis_ differs as follows: Size smaller; color darker; skull
smaller; rostrum longer and narrower; interorbital region wider;
lacrimal processes larger; interparietal region larger; auditory
bullae less inflated; palate longer and narrower.
From _Dipodomys ordii pallidus_, _D. o. utahensis_ differs in:
Size smaller; color darker; skull smaller; rostrum shorter and
narrower; interorbital region narrower; auditory bullae less
inflated laterally, posteriorly and ventrally; interparietal
region larger; lacrimal processes smaller; foramen magnum with
ventral notch as opposed to rounded ventrally; pterygoid fossae
circular as opposed to subcircular; palate longer and narrower.
From _Dipodomys ordii cinderensis_, _D. o. utahensis_ differs as
follows: Size larger, except hind foot which is shorter; color
somewhat lighter, more reddish; skull larger; rostrum longer;
nasals longer; braincase more vaulted; pterygoid fossae circular
as opposed to subcircular; auditory bullae less inflated laterally
but more inflated ventrally.
For comparisons with _Dipodomys ordii columbianus_, _D. o.
fetosus_, _D. o. marshalli_, _D. o. panguitchensis_ and _D. o.
cineraceus_ see accounts of those subspecies.
_Remarks._--The systematic status of _D. o. utahensis_ has long been
in doubt. Several workers have, at various times, considered it to be
indistinguishable from _Dipodomys ordii columbianus_. Durrant and
Setzer (1945:29) recognized it as a valid subspecies and gave diagnostic
characters by which it could be distinguished from _D. o.
columbianus_.
Intergradation has been noted in specimens from the eastern and
southeastern shores of Great Salt Lake. In color and the width of the
auditory bullae these specimens are intermediate between _D. o.
utahensis_ and _Dipodomys ordii marshalli_ but in the sum total of
characters are referable to the latter. Specimens from 20 miles
southwest of Nephi and from U. B. (Yuba) Dam are darker and intermediate
in rostral width and breadth of the auditory bullae but are referable to
_Dipodomys ordii celeripes_.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 91, all from Utah, distributed as
follows: _Box Elder County_: Promontory Point, 1 (USNM). _Weber
County_: Ogden, 4293 ft., 20 (7 BYU; 7 MVZ; 4 USNM); Little
Mountain, 1 (USNM). _Davis County_: Antelope Island, Great Salt
Lake, 4250 ft., 5 (USNM). _Tooele County_: Bauer, 4500 ft., 6 (UU);
St. John, 4300 ft., 4 (UU); Little Valley, Sheeprock Mountains,
5500 ft., 1 (UU); Clover Creek, Onaqui Mountains, 5500 ft., 1 (UU).
_Salt Lake County_: Plain, 4 mi. N Draper, 4500 ft., 1 (UU). _Utah
County_: Fairfield, Cedar Valley, 4800 ft., 15 (9 BYU; 6 UU); W
Lake Mountains, 9 (BYU); Provo, 4510 ft., 10 (MVZ); Sand Dunes W
Curtis Station, 4 (BYU). _Juab County_: Nephi, 2 (1 USNM; 1 MVZ); 4
mi. W Nephi, 1 (RH). _San Pete County_: Spring City, 4 (LACM).
_Sevier County_: 1 mi. W Aurora, 5190 ft., 6 (5 UU; 1 USNM).
=Dipodomys ordii columbianus= (Merriam)
_Perodipus ordi columbianus_ Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
9:115, June 21, 1894.
_Dipodomys phillipii_, Baird, U. S. P. R. R. Expl. and Surveys,
Gen. Rept., p. 412, 1857 (part--the part from Ft. Walla Walla, O.
T.).
_Cricetodipus ordii columbianus_, Trouessart, Catalogus Mammalium,
1:581, 1897.
_Perodipus ordii columbianus_, Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 30:113, May 23, 1917.
_Dipodomys ordii columbianus_, Grinnell, Journ. Mamm., 2:96, May
2, 1921.
_Type._--Female, adult, no. 24181/31594, U. S. Nat. Mus., Dept. of
Agriculture, Coll.; Umatilla, Plains of Columbia, Umatilla County,
Oregon; obtained on October 18, 1890, by Clark P. Streator,
original no. 386.
_Range._--Southeastern Washington, eastern Oregon, southwestern
Idaho, northwestern, northern and most of northeastern Nevada;
marginal occurrences are: in Washington, 2 mi. SW Paterson, 4 mi.
E Burbank and Wallula; in Oregon, 7 mi. E Madras, 2 mi. E
Prineville and Guano Valley; in California, Eagleville, Red Rock,
Observation Peak, 5 mi. E Litchfield, Honey Lake, Vinton; in
Nevada, 3-1/2 mi. E Flanigan, 6 mi. S Pahrum Peak, 2-1/2 mi. E and
11 mi. N Gerlach, 2 mi. SW Quinn River Crossing, 1 mi. SE
Tuscarora, 5 mi. N Beowawe, 1/2 mi. S Beowawe, 2-1/2 mi. NE Smiths
Creek Ranch, Bells Ranch, 5 mi. W Austin, 8 mi. W Eureka, 4 mi. S
Shoshone, 5 mi. SE Greens Ranch, and 22 mi. N Deeth; in Idaho, 8
mi. W Rodgerson, 6 mi. SW American Falls, 4 mi. NE American Falls,
5 mi. NW Michaud, Arco, Hammett and Payette; in Oregon, Umatilla.
_Diagnosis._--Size medium (see measurements). Color dark, entire
dorsal surface (_16''_) between Pinkish Cinnamon and
Cinnamon-Buff, purest on sides and flanks with strong admixture of
black on upper parts; cheeks white; arietiform markings, pinnae of
ears, plantar surfaces of hind feet, dorsal and ventral stripes of
tail, blackish. Skull medium in size; rostrum relatively
long and narrow; nasals long and expanded distally; interorbital
region narrow; lacrimal processes small; braincase but slightly
vaulted; auditory bullae relatively greatly inflated; pterygoid
fossae circular; zygomatic arches robust.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii utahensis_, _D. o.
columbianus_ differs as follows: Color lighter, dorsal and ventral
stripes of tail brownish as opposed to black; ventral stripe of
tail, in most specimens, incomplete to end of pencil as opposed to
complete; lacrimal processes smaller; extension of premaxillae
dorsad wider; interparietal generally narrower, smaller,
quadrangular and truncate anteriorly, as opposed to spatulate and
rounded anteriorly; braincase less vaulted; zygomatic arches bowed
laterally as opposed to straight; styloid processes larger;
cutting edge of upper incisors narrower.
From _Dipodomys ordii fetosus_, _D. o. columbianus_ differs in:
Hind foot shorter; color generally darker; skull larger; rostrum
shorter and wider; nasals somewhat shorter; braincase more
vaulted; auditory bullae less inflated; interparietal region
wider; ventral border of foramen magnum more rounded (less
indented); zygomatic arches straight as opposed to bowed
laterally.
For comparisons with _Dipodomys ordii inaquosus_, _Dipodomys ordii
monoensis_ and _Dipodomys ordii celeripes_ see accounts of those
subspecies.
_Remarks._--In most subspecies of _Dipodomys ordii_ having large
geographic ranges, there is a certain amount of variation, but _D. o.
columbianus_ remains relatively stable throughout its large range. Where
extreme variation is noted in _D. o. columbianus_ it is obviously the
result of intergradation. This intergradation is noted between
_Dipodomys ordii monoensis_ and _D. o. columbianus_ in Lyon County,
Nevada, where the animals are referable to the former race cranially but
to the latter on the basis of color. Animals from Kelton, Utah, are in
color as _Dipodomys ordii marshalli_ and cranially combine characters of
_D. o. columbianus_, _D. o. utahensis_ and _D. o. marshalli_. The sum
total of their characters places them with _D. o. marshalli_. Durrant
and Setzer (1945:29), and the present writer in this account, do not
record any animals from Utah as belonging to _D. o. columbianus_.
Nevertheless, the influence of _D. o. columbianus_ is seen in the
animals from Kelton, Utah.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 588, distributed as follows:
=Washington=: _Benton County_: Blalock Island, 2 mi. SW Paterson,
2 (MVZ). _Walla Walla County_: 4 mi. E Burbank, 4 (MVZ); 2 mi. SSE
Burbank, 27 (MVZ); Wallula, 7 (4 MVZ; 3 DRD).
=Oregon=: _Gilliam County_: Arlington, 1 (MVZ). Morrow County:
2-1/2 mi. SW Irigon, 6 (MVZ); Cecil, 1 (MVZ). _Umatilla County_:
Umatilla, 10 (MVZ). _Jefferson County_: 7 mi. E Madras, 2 (DRD).
_Crook County_: 2 mi. NE Prineville, 1 (MVZ); 7 mi. W Prineville,
8 (MVZ); 4 mi. SW Prineville, 23 (MVZ); Crooked River, at mouth of
Bear Creek, 8 (MVZ). _Lake County_: Fort Rock, 1 (DRD); NE edge
Alkali Lake, 8 (MVZ); 9 mi. S Adel, mouth 20 Mile Creek, 1 (MVZ);
Guano Ranch, Guano Valley, 2 (DRD). _Harney County_: Malheur Lake,
9 (LACM); Narrows, 1 (DRD); 1 mi. S Narrows, 3 (MVZ); 5 mi. SW
Narrows, 19 (MVZ); Smith Creek, 10 mi. SE Diamond, 1 (MVZ); Lake
Alvord, 1 (MVZ); 1-1/2 mi. E Denio, 4 (MVZ). _Malheur County_: 3
mi. N Vale, 2 (MVZ); 8 mi. N Jordan Valley, 1 (MVZ); 1/2 mi. S
Rome, 5 (MVZ); 1 mi. S Rome, 11 (MVZ).
=Idaho=: _Payette County_: Payette, 1 (DRD). _Butte County_: Arco,
1 (MVZ). _Elmore County_: Hammett, 1 (MVZ). _Bingham County_: 5 mi.
E Shelley, 1 (MVZ); Blackfoot, 5 (MVZ); 3 mi. S Blackfoot, 6 (MVZ);
Aberdeen, 1 (MVZ). _Owyhee County_: S bank Snake River, Homedale,
13 (MVZ); Indian Cove, 4 (MVZ); 5 mi. SE Murphy, 3 (MVZ); Castle
Creek, 8 mi. S Oreana, 1 (MVZ); S Fork Owyhee River, 12 mi. N
Nevada line, 1 (MVZ). _Minidoka County_: Acequia, 8 (MVZ); 4 mi. N
Rupert, 2 (MVZ). _Twin Falls County_: Salmon Creek, 8 mi. W
Rodgerson, 7 (MVZ). _Power County_: 5 mi. NW Michaud, 4 (MVZ); 4
mi. NE American Falls, 4 (MVZ); 6 mi. SW American Falls, 10 (MVZ).
=California=: _Modoc County_: Eagleville, 12 (CAS); 2 mi. E
Eagleville, 7 (CAS); 2-1/2 mi. E Eagleville, 24 (CAS); 3 mi. E
Eagleville, 6 (CAS); 5 mi. E Eagleville, 3 (CAS). _Lassen County_:
2 mi. W Red Rock P. O., 1 (MVZ); 1 mi. W Red Rock P. O., 4 (MVZ);
Dransfield, 6 mi. E Ravendale, 5300 ft., 4 (CAS); 7 mi. E
Ravendale, 1 (MVZ); 7 mi. N Observation Peak, 21 (MVZ); 6 mi. N
Observation Peak, 7 (MVZ); Observation Peak, 31 (MVZ); Pete's
Valley, 4 (MVZ); 5 mi. E Litchfield, 12 (MVZ); 6 mi. W Wendell,
3975 ft., 3 (CAS); 8 mi. SW Wendell, 5 (CAS); Honey Lake, 2
(LACM); 4-1/2 mi. WNW Stacy, 5 (MVZ); 3 mi. NW Warm Springs, 1
(MVZ). _Plumas County_: Beckwith, 1 (DRD); 2 mi. WNW Vinton, 2
(MVZ); Vinton, 18 (14 LACM; 4 MVZ); 1 mi. E Vinton, 7 (MVZ); near
Vinton, 21 (DRD).
=Nevada=: _Washoe County_: 3 mi. N Vya, 3 (MVZ); 4-1/2 mi. NE
Painted Point, 4 (MVZ); 8-1/2 mi. E Vya, 1 (MVZ); 3 mi. E Painted
Point, 1 (MVZ); Long Valley Ranch, 3 mi. S Vya, 1 (MVZ); 10-1/2
mi. S Vya, 1 (MVZ); 11 mi. S Vya, 2 (MVZ); 13 mi. S Vya, 4 (MVZ);
Hausen, 4800 ft., 8 (MVZ); 10 mi. SE Hausen, 4675 ft., 7 (MVZ);
2-1/2 mi. E and 11 mi. N Gerlach, 4050 ft., 4 (MVZ); Smoke Creek,
9 mi. E California line, 3900 ft., 5 (MVZ); 40° 28' N Lat., 6 mi.
E California line, 4000 ft., 3 (MVZ); Horse Canyon, 3 mi. NW
Pahrum Peak, 5000 ft., 1 (MVZ); Fox Canyon, 6 mi. S Pahrum Peak,
4800 ft., 4 (MVZ); N side Sand Pass, 3950 ft., 2 (MVZ); 4 mi. NW
Flanigan, 4200 ft., 1 (MVZ); 3-1/2 mi. NW Flanigan, 4200 ft., 1
(MVZ); 3-1/2 mi. E Flanigan, 2 (MVZ); 2-3/4 mi. SW Pyramid, 4300
ft., 2 (MVZ). _Humboldt County_: 1 mi. S Denio, Oregon, 4200 ft.,
6 (MVZ); Quinn River Crossing, 4100 ft., 1 (MVZ). _Elko County_:
Mary's River, 22 mi. N Deeth, 3 (MVZ); 1 mi. SE Tuscarora, 5900
ft., 2 (MVZ); 5 mi. W Halleck, 5200 ft., 7 (MVZ); 3 mi. W Halleck,
5300 ft., 2 (MVZ). _Lander County_: 1 mi. E Battle Mountain, 1
(MVZ); Reese River Valley, 6 mi. N Austin, 2 (MVZ); Malloy Ranch,
5 mi. W Austin, 3 (MVZ); 2-1/2 mi. NE Smiths Creek Ranch, 5800
ft., 1 (MVZ); Campbell Creek, 6900 ft., 3 (MVZ); Campbell Creek
Ranch, 5500 ft., 8 (MVZ). _Eureka County_: 5 mi. N Beowawe, 7
(MVZ); 1/2 mi. S Beowawe, 1 (MVZ); Pine Creek, 2 mi. E Palisades,
7 (MVZ); Evans, 4 (MVZ); Winzell, 3 (MVZ); 4 mi. SE Romano,
Diamond Valley, 1 (MVZ); 8 mi. W Eureka, 12 (MVZ). _White Pine
County_: 5 mi. SE Greens Ranch, Steptoe Valley, 1 (MVZ); Cherry
Creek, 6600 ft., 2 (MVZ); 1 mi. E Illipah, 6100 ft., 3 (MVZ);
5-1/2 mi. SE Ely, 6500 ft., 5 (MVZ); Spring Valley, 5900 ft., 4
mi. S Shoshone, 6 (MVZ). _Nye County_: Bells Ranch, Reese River,
6890 ft., 1 (MVZ).
=Dipodomys ordii idoneus= new subspecies
_Type._--Male, adult, no. 90029, Museum of Zoology, University of
Michigan; San Juan, 12 mi. W Lerdo, 3,800 ft., Durango, Mexico;
obtained on March 1, 1946, by F. and F. Hammerstrom.
_Range._--Known only from the type locality.
_Diagnosis._--Size small (see measurements). Color pale, entire
dorsal surface (c) between Light Ochraceous-Buff and
Ochraceous-Buff, purest on sides, flanks and cheeks; upper parts
but slightly washed with black; arietiform markings, lateral parts
of pinnae of ears, plantar surfaces of hind feet, dorsal and
ventral stripes of tail, brownish; medial part of pinnae of ears
flesh-colored. Skull medium in size; rostrum wide and relatively
long; braincase but slightly inflated; least interorbital width
great; interparietal region relatively narrow; upper incisors
strongly recurved; zygomatic arches relatively heavy and slightly
bowed laterally; auditory bullae greatly inflated ventrally,
laterally and posteriorly.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii ordii_, _D. o. idoneus_
differs in: Size smaller; color lighter; skull larger; nasals
longer and somewhat more inflated distally as opposed to straight;
interorbital width greater; breadth across maxillary arches
greater; interparietal region narrower; auditory bullae more
inflated posteriorly, laterally and ventrally and projecting
anteriorly into orbit; extension of nasals anterior to upper
incisors less; zygomatic arches heavier and more bowed laterally;
paroccipital processes smaller; foramen magnum elongate as
opposed to nearly circular.
From _Dipodomys ordii obscurus_, _D. o. idoneus_ differs as
follows: Size smaller; color lighter; skull larger, rostrum wider;
nasals shorter and more expanded distally; interorbital region
wider; width across maxillary arches greater; interparietal region
narrower; auditory bullae more inflated laterally, posteriorly and
ventrally; zygomatic arches shorter, heavier and less bowed
laterally.
From _Dipodomys ordii palmeri_, _D.o. idoneus_ differs in: Size
smaller; color lighter; skull larger; rostrum shorter and wider;
nasals shorter and more expanded distally; interorbital region
wider; auditory bullae more inflated laterally, posteriorly and
ventrally; zygomatic arches heavier.
From _Dipodomys ordii fuscus_, _D. o. idoneus_ differs as follows:
Size smaller; color lighter; skull smaller; rostrum narrower and
shorter; interorbital width greater; braincase more vaulted;
nasals longer; interparietal region generally wider; auditory
bullae less inflated; breadth across maxillary arches greater;
zygomatic arches heavier and more bowed laterally; pterygoid
fossae ovoid as opposed to subcircular; occipital condyles more
anterior to dorsal evagination when viewed ventrally.
_Dipodomys ordii idoneus_ differs from _Dipodomys ordii
attenuatus_ in larger size, generally darker color and larger
skull.
_Remarks._--This subspecies of _Dipodomys ordii_ is paler than either of
the subspecies with adjoining geographic ranges. Measurements of the
skull, in proportion to external measurements, are larger than in any
other subspecies of _Dipodomys ordii_. Cranially, this new subspecies is
more closely allied to _Dipodomys ordii fuscus_ but in color appears to
be much closer to _Dipodomys ordii attenuatus_ from which it differs
markedly in cranial features.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 3, all from Durango, distributed as
follows: San Juan, 12 mi. W Lerdo, 3 (UM).
=Dipodomys ordii priscus= Hoffmeister
_Dipodomys ordii priscus_ Hoffmeister, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
55:167, December 31, 1942.
_Perodipus longipes_, Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat, Hist., 8:246,
November, 1896 (part--the part from Kinney Ranch, Wyoming).
_Perodipus montanus richardsoni_, Cary, N. Amer. Fauna, 33:141,
August 17, 1911 (part--the part from Lay, Colorado).
_Periodipus_ [_Dipodomys_] _ordii luteolus_, Svihla, Journ. Mamm.;
12:262, August, 1931 (part--the part from Linwood, Utah).
_Type._--Male, no. 89119, Mus. Vert. Zool., Univ. California;
Kinney Ranch, 21 mi. S Bitter Creek, 7100 ft., Sweetwater County,
Wyoming; obtained on September 16, 1939, by Donald T. Tappe,
original no. 766.
_Range._--Southwestern Wyoming, extreme northeastern Utah and
northwestern Colorado; marginal occurrences are: in Wyoming, 7 mi.
N Ft. Washakie and 10 mi. SW Granger; in Colorado, Lay and Snake
River south of Sunny Peak.
_Diagnosis._--Size medium (see measurements). Color light, entire
dorsal surface between (c) Light Ochraceous-Buff and
Ochraceous-Buff, purest on sides, flanks and cheeks; upper parts
slightly suffused with black; arietiform markings, pinnae of ears,
plantar surfaces of hind feet, dorsal and ventral stripes of tail,
grayish to blackish in different individuals. Skull medium in
size; rostrum long and narrow; nasals long; auditory bullae
relatively narrow and skull long, giving appearance of much
narrower skull than is actually the case; zygomata weak; upper
incisors moderately wide at cutting edge.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii uintensis_, _D. o. priscus_
differs as follows: Hind foot longer; color lighter in all
pigmented areas, and skull smaller in all measurements taken.
From _Dipodomys ordii sanrafaeli_, _D. o. priscus_ differs in:
Color decidedly less red in upper parts; ventral stripe of tail
not continuous to end of pencil; nasals longer; auditory bullae
less inflated.
For comparisons with _Dipodomys ordii luteolus_ and _Dipodomys
ordii terrosus_ see accounts of those subspecies.
_Remarks._--The characters of this subspecies are stable throughout most
of its geographic range. It is not known to intergrade with adjacent
forms. One specimen, a male, available from the Snake River, south of
Sunny Peak, Colorado, however, is not typical of _D. o. priscus_, in
that it has a wider and deeper rostrum than any other specimen from the
entire range. Between _D. o. priscus_ and _D. o. luteolus_, the skull,
but not the color, provides diagnostic differences.
The Red Desert of Wyoming is mostly sandy but there are large exposures
of rock and gravel. At the type locality of _D. o. priscus_ rockier soil
predominates but is interspersed with stabilized sand dunes where the
kangaroo rats are abundant. Traps set on the rocky soils, in a
continuous line between the dunes, yielded no kangaroo rats.
Kangaroo rats in the area of the Kinney Ranch, Wyoming, apparently form
a good source of food for owls, since many bones (jaws and limb
elements) were found in owl pellets at the bases of cliffs approximately
5 miles northeast of the ranch buildings.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 72, distributed as follows:
=Wyoming=: _Fremont County_: 7 mi. N Fort Washakie, 1 (USBS); Fort
Washakie, 1 (USBS); Wind River, 1 (USBS). _Sweetwater County_:
Eden, 1 (USBS); 5 mi. E Rock Springs, 1 (UM); 10 mi. SW Granger,
13 (UM); Bitter Creek, 9 (6 AMNH; 3 CNHM); Kinney Ranch, 21 mi. S
Bitter Creek, 18 (MVZ); Shell Creek, 25 mi. S Bitter Creek, 3
(CM); 30 mi. S Bitter Creek, 3 (KU); 33 mi. S Bitter Creek, 8
(KU). _Carbon County_: 20 mi. W Baggs, 2 (USBS).
=Utah=: _Daggett County_: E bank Green River, 4 mi. E Linwood, 4
(CM).
=Colorado=: _Moffat County_: Snake River, south of Sunny Peak, 1
(USBS); 20 mi. NW Sunbeam, 4 (CM); Bear River, Lay, 1 (USBS). _Rio
Blanco County_: W side White River, 1 mi. N Rangely, 1 (CM).
=Dipodomys ordii celeripes= Durrant and Hall
_Dipodomys ordii celeripes_ Durrant and Hall, Mammalia, 3:10,
March, 1939.
_Dipodomys ordii columbianus_, Hall, Univ. California Publ. Zool.,
37:5, April 10, 1931.
_Type._--Male, adult, no. 1956, Museum of Zoology, University of
Utah; Trout Creek, 4600 ft., Juab County, Utah; obtained on May 5,
1937, by Stephen D. Durrant, original no. 1168.
_Range._--Eastern Nevada, western and west-central Utah, east to
eastern Sevier County, Utah; marginal occurrences are: in Nevada,
Tecoma, Cobre and 8 mi. SE Mt. Moriah; in Utah, E side Clear Lake,
U. B. (Yuba) Dam, 10 mi. SW Nephi, and Trout Creek.
_Diagnosis._--Size small (see measurements). Color pale, entire
dorsal surface Pinkish Buff, purest on sides, flanks and cheeks,
with but slight suffusion of black in upper parts; pinnae of ears,
plantar surfaces of hind feet, dorsal and ventral stripes of tail,
brownish. Skull small; rostrum relatively short and wide; nasals
relatively short; lacrimal processes small; braincase but slightly
vaulted; auditory bullae but little inflated; interorbital region
narrow; styloid processes project on ventral surface of auditory
bullae beyond middle of external auditory meatus; zygomatic arches
robust and bowed laterally; pterygoid fossae ovoid.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii marshalli_, _D. o.
celeripes_ differs as follows: Size smaller, hind foot longer,
tail shorter; color lighter; skull smaller; rostrum wider and
shorter; interorbital region narrower; auditory bullae less
inflated; lacrimal processes smaller; palate shorter; pterygoid
fossae larger.
From _Dipodomys ordii cinderensis_, _D. o. celeripes_ differs as
follows: Size smaller, tail shorter; color lighter; rostrum wider
and shorter; nasals shorter; interorbital width less; auditory
bullae less inflated; foramen magnum wider and shorter; pterygoid
fossae more circular.
From _Dipodomys ordii columbianus_, _D. o. celeripes_ differs in:
Size smaller; color lighter; rostrum wider and shorter;
interorbital width less; interparietal region wider; auditory
bullae, generally, less inflated; upper incisors longer and more
robust; pterygoid fossae larger.
For comparisons with _Dipodomys ordii fetosus_, _Dipodomys ordii
pallidus_ and _Dipodomys ordii panguitchensis_ see accounts of
those subspecies.
_Remarks._--It appears that wherever the range of _D. o. celeripes_
meets that of an adjoining race, intergradation occurs freely.
Practically all of the Nevadan specimens referable to this subspecies
are intergrades with _Dipodomys ordii columbianus_ in size and color.
Specimens from west of Delta, Utah, are intermediate in size between
_Dipodomys ordii pallidus_ and _D. o. celeripes_ but their cranial
characters are more as in _D. o. celeripes_. Intergrades with _Dipodomys
ordii utahensis_ are discussed under the account of that subspecies.
The characters differentiating _D. o. celeripes_ from any contiguous
subspecies are not present in every specimen even in the type series.
_Specimens examined._-Total, 96, distributed as follows:
=Nevada=: _Elko County_: 13 mi. N Montello, 5000 ft., 2 (MVZ);
1-1/2 mi. N Tecoma, 4900 ft., 6 (MVZ); Tecoma, 4900 ft., 8 (MVZ);
Cobre, 6100 ft., 3 (MVZ); Salt Springs, 4200 ft., 1 (MVZ). _White
Pine County_: 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6300 ft., Mt. Moriah, 2
(MVZ); Hendry Creek, 8 mi. SE Mt. Moriah, 6200 ft., 1 (MVZ).
=Utah=: _Tooele County_: Clifton Flat, 7 mi. SW Gold Hill, 6149
ft., 4 (UU); Parrish Ranch, 5 mi. N Ibapah, 5175 ft., 1 (UU);
Ibapah, 5000 ft., 23 (UU). _Juab County_: Trout Creek, 4600 ft.,
21 (19 UU; 1 USAC; 1 MVZ); 20 mi. SW Nephi, 2 (UU); U. B. (Yuba)
Dam, Sevier River, 5000 ft., 10 (UU). _Millard County_: 4 mi. S
Gandy, 5000 ft., 1 (MVZ); Smith Creek, 6 mi. S Gandy, 5400 ft., 2
(MVZ); Hendry Creek, 5000 ft., 17 mi. S Gandy, 4 (MVZ); Oak City,
5000 ft., 1 (UU); White Valley, 60 mi. W Delta, 1 (UU); 35 mi. W
Delta, 1 (UU); East side Clear Lake, 4600 ft., 4 (3 UU; 1 USAC); 2
mi. E Clear Lake, 4600 ft., 2 (UU).
=Dipodomys ordii cineraceus= Goldman
_Dipodomys ordii cineraceus_ Goldman, Journ. Mamm., 20:352, August
14, 1939.
_Type._--Male, no. 263890, U. S. Nat. Mus. Biol. Surv. Coll.;
Dolphin Island, Great Salt Lake, 4250 ft., Box Elder County, Utah;
obtained on June 4, 1938, by William H. Marshall, original no. 57.
_Range._--Dolphin Island, Great Salt Lake, Utah.
_Diagnosis._--Size medium (see measurements). Color pale, upper
parts near Pale Pinkish Buff, but lightly washed with black,
purest on sides and flanks; arietiform markings, pinnae of ears,
plantar surfaces of hind feet, dorsal and ventral stripes of tail,
brownish. Skull medium in size; rostrum short; nasals relatively
short; interparietal region relatively wide; auditory bullae but
slightly inflated.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii utahensis_, _D. o.
cineraceus_ differs in: Size smaller; color lighter; nasals
longer; auditory bullae larger; total length of skull greater.
From _Dipodomys ordii marshalli_, _D. o. cineraceus_ differs in:
Size smaller; color darker; skull larger in all measurements
taken.
_Remarks._--The race _D. o. cineraceus_ along with _Dipodomys microps
russeolus_ is found on Dolphin Island, Great Salt Lake, Utah. Dolphin
Island is connected with the mainland by a bar that could allow animals
from the island to disperse onto the mainland. There are no animals from
the mainland, however, that are referable to _D. o. cineraceus_ or to
_D. m. russeolus_. The animals available from the mainland, at Kelton,
although geographically near Dolphin Island, are referable to _D. o.
marshalli_ and to _D. m. bonnevillei_. The paucity of material from the
mainland, adjacent to Dolphin Island, may be significant. Future
trapping in this area is needed before we can be certain that _D. o.
cineraceus_ is isolated.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 2, both from Utah, as follows: _Box
Elder County_: Dolphin Island, Great Salt Lake, 4250 ft., 2 (USNM).
=Dipodomys ordii marshalli= Goldman
_Dipodomys ordii marshalli_ Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
50:223, December 28, 1937.
_Type._--Female, adult, no. 262655, U. S. Nat. Mus. Biol. Surv.
Coll.; Bird Island, Great Salt Lake, 4,300 ft., Tooele County,
Utah; obtained on June 22, 1937, by W. H. Marshall, X-catalog no.
27969.
_Range._--Bird, Carrington, Badger and Stansbury islands, Great
Salt Lake; around western edge of Great Salt Lake north to Kelton,
Box Elder County, Utah; around southern and southeastern edge of
the lake to mouth of the Jordan River; marginal occurrences are:
all in Utah, Kelton, 2 mi. W Grantsville, 14 mi. W Salt Lake City
and Bird Island, Great Salt Lake.
_Diagnosis._--Size medium (see measurements). Color pale, entire
dorsal surface near Pinkish Buff, purest on sides, flanks and
cheeks with but slight suffusion of black on upper parts;
arietiform markings, pinnae of ears, plantar surfaces of hind
feet, and dorsal and ventral stripes of tail, brownish. Skull
medium in size; rostrum narrow and long; pterygoid fossae ovoid;
cutting edge of upper incisors narrow; external auditory meatus
round and small; jugal straight or nearly so.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii pallidus_, _D. o. marshalli_
differs in: Hind foot smaller; color darker, arietiform markings
more distinct; dorsal and ventral stripes of tail more pronounced;
skull smaller; palate shorter and wider; jugals lighter; external
auditory meatus smaller; cutting edge of upper incisors narrower;
nasals shorter and less flared distally.
From _Dipodomys ordii utahensis_, _D. o. marshalli_ differs in:
Size smaller; color lighter; skull smaller, except least
interorbital width and depth of auditory bullae which are greater;
cutting edge of upper incisors narrower; nasals less flared
distally.
For comparison with _Dipodomys ordii celeripes_ see account of
that subspecies.
_Remarks._--This subspecies was described from Bird Island, Great Salt
Lake, and was thought by Marshall (1940:153), who collected the
specimens, to be restricted to that island. However, specimens taken
over a period of years on the nearby mainland, by students from the
University of Utah, are referable to this subspecies. Although these
animals from the mainland are referable to _D. o. marshalli_, they have
some characteristics of _D. o. utahensis_ from the eastern and southern
mainland. Four specimens from Kelton, also on the mainland, are not
typical of _D. o. marshalli_; nevertheless, more than half of their
characters of taxonomic worth are as in _D. o. marshalli_ to which the
animals are referred.
Great Salt Lake has not been so effective in isolating the animals
living on the islands as heretofore has been thought. After these
supposedly isolated kinds of animals from Great Salt Lake were named,
some other workers have shown several of the kinds to have extensive
ranges on the mainland. Some of the kinds ranging also on the mainland
are: _Dipodomys ordii marshalli_, _Dipodomys microps subtenuis_ and
_Peromyscus crinitus pergracilis_. Of the animals named from the
islands, I suppose that those which require the semiarid habitat found
in this area will all be found to have large ranges on the adjacent
mainland and that each of the kinds of animals which do not require the
above habitat, and which lived in this region during the Pleistocene,
will be found to be restricted to the island from which it was named.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 47, all from Utah, distributed as
follows: _Box Elder County_: Kelton, 4300 ft., 7 (5 MVZ; 2 UU).
_Tooele County_: 2 mi. W Grantsville, 1 (CAS); Bird Island, Great
Salt Lake, 4300 ft., 1 (USNM); Carrington Island, Great Salt Lake,
4300 ft., 1 (USNM); Stansbury Island, Great Salt Lake, 4300 ft., 10
(6 UU; 4 USNM). _Salt Lake County_: 18 mi. W Salt Lake City, 4260
ft., 16 (UU); 17 mi. W Salt Lake City, 4320 ft., 7 (UU); 16 mi. W
Salt Lake City, 4300 ft., 3 (UU); 14 mi. W Salt Lake City, 4300
ft., 1 (UU).
=Dipodomys ordii inaquosus= Hall
_Dipodomys ordii inaquosus_ Hall, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
54:58, May 20, 1941.
_Type._--Male, adult, no. 73580, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology,
University of California; 11 mi. E and 1 mi. N Jungo, 4,200 ft.,
Humboldt County, Nevada; obtained on July 26, 1936, by Ward C.
Russell, original no. 5026.
_Range._--Southeastern Humboldt and northern Lander counties,
Nevada; marginal occurrences, all in Nevada, are: 7 mi. N
Winnemucca, 8 mi. E and 1 mi. N Jungo, 15 mi. SW Winnemucca, 23
mi. NW Battle Mountain, Izenhood, and 18 mi. NE Iron Point.
_Diagnosis._--Size medium (see measurements). Color pale, entire
dorsal surface Pinkish Buff, purest on sides and flanks with but
slight suffusion of black on the upper parts; cheeks white;
arietiform marks indistinct, pinnae of ears, plantar surfaces of
hind feet, dorsal and ventral stripes of tail, brownish. Skull
medium in size; rostrum short and wide; nasals relatively long and
expanded distally; braincase but slightly vaulted; interorbital
width narrow; extension of premaxillae posterior to nasals
relatively great; interparietal relatively large; pterygoid fossae
subcircular; foramen magnum ovoid; auditory bullae relatively
greatly expanded ventrally.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii columbianus_, _D. o.
inaquosus_ differs as follows: Size larger; color lighter; skull
larger; nasals longer; rostrum longer and wider; interorbital
region narrower; braincase more vaulted; interparietal larger;
auditory bullae more inflated ventrally; pterygoid fossae
subcircular as opposed to nearly circular; zygomatic arches more
robust.
From _Dipodomys ordii monoensis_, _D. o. inaquosus_ differs in:
Size larger; color lighter; skull larger; nasals longer; rostrum
wider; interorbital width greater; braincase more vaulted;
auditory bullae more inflated laterally, ventrally and
posteriorly; interparietal region narrower; pterygoid fossae
subcircular as opposed to circular; lacrimal processes larger;
foramen magnum ovoid as opposed to circular.
_Remarks._--In pallor _D. o. inaquosus_ closely approaches _Dipodomys
ordii celeripes_ from eastern Nevada and western Utah. The two
populations are separated, however, by a large area inhabited by the
darker _Dipodomys ordii columbianus_. Specimens from 18 mi. NE Iron
Point, Nevada, which Hall (1946:413) refers to _D. o. columbianus_, are
intergrades in color, size and cranial characters and here are referred
to _D. o. inaquosus_ instead of to _D. o. columbianus_. Animals from
Toulon are intergrades between _D. o. inaquosus_ and _Dipodomys ordii
monoensis_ but are referable to the latter.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 47, all from Nevada, distributed as
follows: _Humboldt County_: 18 mi. NE Iron Point, 4600 ft., 1
(MVZ); 7 mi. N Winnemucca, 4400 ft., 4 (MVZ); 1 mi. N Winnemucca,
4600 ft., 8 (MVZ); 5 mi. NE Golconda, 7 (MVZ); 3 mi. SW Winnemucca,
4500 ft., 1 (MVZ); 4 mi. SW Winnemucca, 4500 ft., 1 (MVZ); 5 mi. SW
Winnemucca, 4600 ft., 2 (MVZ); 8 mi. E and 1 mi. N Jungo, 4200 ft.,
6 (MVZ); 11 mi. E and 1 mi. N Jungo, 4200 ft., 7 (MVZ); 10 mi. SW
Winnemucca, 4500 ft., 1 (MVZ); 23 mi. NW Battle Mountain, 4 (MVZ).
_Pershing County_: 15 mi. SW Winnemucca, 1 (MVZ). _Lander County_:
Izenhood, 2 (MVZ); 3 mi. S Izenhood, 2 (MVZ).
=Dipodomys ordii attenuatus= Bryant
_Dipodomys ordii attenuatus_ Bryant, Occas. Papers, Museum of
Zool., Louisiana State Univ., no. 5:65, November 10, 1939.
_Type._--Male, no. 80429, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University
of California; Mouth of Santa Helena Canyon, 2146 ft., Big Bend of
the Rio Grande, Brewster County, Texas; obtained on November 19,
1938, by Adrey E. Borell, original no. 5581.
_Range._--Big Bend region of Brewster County, Texas.
_Diagnosis._--Size small (see measurements). Color light, entire
dorsal surface between Pinkish Buff and Pinkish Cinnamon, purest
on sides and flanks, upper parts but lightly mixed with black;
cheeks and narrow outer margin of ear, pure white; arietiform
markings absent; pinnae of ears, dorsal and ventral stripes of
tail, brownish; plantar surfaces of hind feet, blackish. Skull
small; rostrum long and narrow; nasals short; interparietal longer
than wide; auditory bullae longer than deep.
_Comparisons._--Compared with _Dipodomys ordii ordii_, _D. o.
attenuatus_ differs in: Size smaller; color lighter; skull
smaller; nasals thinner; rostrum narrower; auditory bullae less
inflated.
From _Dipodomys ordii richardsoni_, _D. o. attenuatus_ differs in
smaller size and lighter color. Skull smaller in all respects.
For comparison with _Dipodomys ordii sennetti_ see account of that
subspecies.
[Illustration: FIG. 27. Known occurrences and probable geographic range
of the subspecies of _Dipodomys ordii_ in the northwestern fourth of the
range of the species.
9. _D. o. panguitchensis_ 20. _D. o. fetosus_ 28. _D. o. inaquosus_
10. _D. o. uintensis_ 21. _D. o. utahensis_ 31. _D. o. longipes_
11. _D. o. sanrafaeli_ 22. _D. o. columbianus_ 32. _D. o. pallidus_
12. _D. o. fremonti_ 24. _D. o. priscus_ 33. _D. o. nexilis_
13. _D. o. monoensis_ 25. _D. o. celeripes_ 34. _D. o. cupidineus_
17. _D. o. chapmani_ 26. _D. o. cineraceus_
19. _D. o. cinderensis_ 27. _D. o. marshalli_ ]
_Remarks._--This small race of _Dipodomys ordii_ was known formerly
only from the type locality. This study has shown it to range northward
and slightly westward. At four places, 6, 20, and 47 miles south of
Marathon and 10 miles west of San Vicente, Texas, this race can be said
to be typical, in that specimens from these places agree with those from
the type locality. At two other localities, 5 miles east of Toyahvale
and Kent, Texas, animals show an intergrading tendency toward _Dipodomys
ordii ordii_. The animals from these latter places are darker colored
and are intermediate in size and cranial characters. Since these animals
show more resemblance to _D. o. ordii_ in the majority of characters
they are referred to that race, rather than to _D. o. attenuatus_.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 14, all from Texas, distributed as
follows: _Brewster County_: 6 mi. S Marathon, 1 (USBS); 20 mi. S
Marathon, 1 (USBS); Cooper's Well, 47 mi. S Marathon, 4 (MVZ); 10
mi. W San Vicente, 1 (UM); Johnson's Ranch, Big Bend Rio Grande, 4
(2 TCWC; 2 UM); mouth Santa Helena Canyon, 3 (1 TCWC; 2 MVZ).
=Dipodomys ordii fuscus= new subspecies
_Type._--Male, adult, no. 93886, U. S. Nat. Mus., Biol. Surv.
Coll.; Juamave, Tamaulipas, Mexico; obtained on June 3, 1898, by E.
W. Nelson and E. A. Goldman, original no. 12437.
_Range._--Nuevo León, extreme northern Zacatecas, Tamaulipas and
northern San Luis Potosí, Mexico; marginal occurrences are:
Coahuila, La Ventura; Tamaulipas, Tula, Juamave and Nuevo Laredo.
_Diagnosis._--Size medium (see measurements). Color dark, entire
dorsal surface (_a_) between Cinnamon-Buff and Clay Color, purest
on sides, flanks and cheeks, upper parts strongly suffused with
black; posterior surfaces and fold of pinnae of ears, white;
arietiform markings, plantar surfaces of hind feet, inside of
pinnae of ears, dorsal and ventral stripes of tail, blackish.
Skull of medium size; nasals relatively short; interorbital width
narrow; auditory bullae relatively as well as actually greatly
inflated posteriorly, laterally and ventrally; braincase vaulted;
zygomatic arches light and straight; pterygoid fossae ovoid;
rostrum short and wide.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii palmeri_, _D. o. fuscus_
differs in: Size larger; color lighter; skull larger; rostrum
shorter and wider; interorbital width less; nasals shorter;
auditory bullae more expanded laterally, posteriorly and
ventrally; interparietal region narrower; pterygoid fossae more
circular; upper incisors wider at cutting edge; zygomatic arches
straight rather than bowed laterally.
From _Dipodomys ordii obscurus_, _D. o. fuscus_ differs as
follows: Size larger; color lighter; skull larger; rostrum wider
and shorter; interorbital region wider; width across maxillary
arches greater; auditory bullae more expanded laterally,
posteriorly and ventrally; zygomatic arches light and straight
instead of heavy and bowed laterally; pterygoid fossae more nearly
circular; braincase more vaulted; foramen magnum smaller.
From _Dipodomys ordii ordii_, _D. o. fuscus_ differs in: Size
larger; color darker; skull larger; rostrum shorter and wider;
nasals short and more flared distally; interorbital width greater;
auditory bullae more inflated posteriorly, laterally and
ventrally; interparietal region narrower; width across maxillary
arches greater; pterygoid fossae larger and more nearly circular;
braincase more vaulted.
From _Dipodomys ordii sennetti_, _D. o. fuscus_ can be
distinguished by larger size, longer tail, darker color, and
cranially by larger auditory bullae, longer nasals, wider
interorbital region and greater width across maxillary arches.
_Remarks._--This dark subspecies of _Dipodomys ordii_ is most closely
allied to _Dipodomys ordii palmeri_ from, which it can be distinguished
by the characters set forth under comparisons.
It seems that the Rio Grande serves as a barrier to the dispersal
southward of kangaroo rats from the north side and vice versa. _D. o.
fuscus_ ranges from the type locality to Nuevo Laredo and has not been
found on the north side of the river, being replaced there, up-river, by
_Dipodomys ordii medius_ and down-river by _Dipodomys ordii sennetti_.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 53, distributed as follows:
=Coahuila=: San Juan Neponuceno, 5 mi. N La Ventura, 4 (MVZ); La
Ventura, 7 (USBS).
=Tamaulipas=: Nuevo Laredo, 2 (USBS); Miquihuana, 14 (4 USBS; 9
MVZ; 1 AMNH); Juamave, 8 (USBS); Tula, 5 (UM); 3 mi. N Lulú, 5
(MVZ): Lulú, 8 (MVZ).
=Dipodomys ordii longipes= (Merriam)
_Dipodops longipes_ Merriam, N. Amer. Fauna, 3:72, September 11,
1890.
_Perodipus ordii_, Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 5:71, April
28, 1893 (part--the part from Bluff, Utah).
_Cricetodipus longipes_, Trouessart, Catalogus Mammalium, 1:581,
1897.
_Perodipus longipes_, Elliot, Field Columbian Museum, Zool. Ser.,
2:239, 1901.
_Perodipus ordii longipes_, Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
30:113, May 23, 1917.
_Dipodomys ordii longipes_, Grinnell, Journ. Mamm., 2:96, May 2,
1921.
_Dipodomys ordii cleomophila_ Goldman, Journ. Washington Acad.
Sci., 23:469, October 15, 1933, type from 5 miles northeast of
Winona, Coconino County, Arizona.
_Type._--Male, no. 17703/24639, U. S. Nat. Mus. Dept. Agric. Coll.;
foot of Echo Cliffs, Painted Desert, Arizona; obtained on September
22, 1889, by C. Hart Merriam, original no. 512.
_Range._--Southeastern Utah, northeastern Arizona to immediately
south of the Little Colorado River, northwestern New Mexico and
extreme southwestern Colorado; marginal occurrences are: in
Arizona, 20 mi. NE Lees Ferry, Foot Echo Cliffs in Painted Desert,
5 mi. NE Winona, Winslow and Holbrook; in New Mexico, 10 mi. SW
Quemado, Riley, Laguna, Chama Canyon and Shiprock.
_Diagnosis._--Size large (see measurements). Color dark, entire
dorsal surface between (_16''_) Pinkish Cinnamon and
Cinnamon-Buff, purest on sides and flanks with but slight
suffusion of black on upper parts; cheeks white; arietiform
markings, pinnae of ears, plantar surfaces of hind feet, dorsal
and ventral stripes of tail, brownish. Skull large; rostrum long
and narrow; nasals long and thin; auditory bullae greatly
inflated; styloid processes project on ventral surface of auditory
bullae beyond middle of external auditory meatus.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii chapmani_, _D. o. longipes_
differs as follows: Size larger; color lighter; skull larger in
all measurements taken; auditory bullae much more inflated.
From _Dipodomys ordii cupidineus_, _D. o. longipes_ differs in:
Size larger; color lighter; rostrum longer and narrower; nasals
longer; interorbital width greater; breadth across zygomatic
processes of maxillae greater; auditory bullae more inflated;
zygomatic arches heavier and more bowed laterally.
For comparisons with _Dipodomys ordii medius_ and _Dipodomys ordii
nexilis_ see accounts of those subspecies.
_Remarks._--The large reddish _Dipodomys ordii longipes_ is notably
distinct from those subspecies which have adjoining ranges. The
subspecies closest, geographically and morphologically, is _Dipodomys
ordii nexilis_ with which _D. o. longipes_ intergrades, in size of body
and color of pelage, north of the San Juan River, Utah. This
intergradation is probably the result of a migration of _D. o. longipes_
around the head waters of, or above the place in, the river where there
is constantly flowing water. It is probably impossible for these animals
to cross a constantly flowing stream as wide as the San Juan is in its
lower reaches. The San Juan River, however, in 1896, and again in 1934,
was so low that it ceased to flow below Aneth (Gregory, 1938:6, 19).
Consequently, at these times, _Dipodomys_ could have crossed the river
from one side to the other, at least above the Goosenecks.
Intergradation is noted also with _Dipodomys ordii medius_ at Chama
Canyon, New Mexico, where the color is like that of _D. o. medius_,
although the cranial characters are as in _D. o. longipes_; specimens
from Chama Canyon are referred to the latter. Ten miles southwest of
Quemado and at Riley, New Mexico, intergradation with _Dipodomys ordii
ordii_ occurs in the shape of the nasals and the intermediate size of
the skull. In color and external measurements these animals more closely
resemble _D. o. longipes_.
Goldman (1933:469) described _Dipodomys ordii cleomophila_ from 5 miles
northeast of Winona, Coconino County, Arizona, and gave as distinctive
characters "upper parts distinctly darker, ... black facial markings
more distinct; skull slightly different." These comparative statements
were made in reference to _Dipodomys ordii longipes_. While it is true
that the animals which Goldman examined are darker and show some slight
cranial differences, these animals, in my opinion, are not sufficiently
distinct to warrant their separation from _D. o. longipes_. In the
degree of expansion of the auditory bullae, the width of the rostrum,
the length of the nasals and interorbital width, animals from 5 miles
northeast of Winona (2 specimens) are within the range of individual
variation shown by _D. o. longipes_. The color is darker, being more as
in _Dipodomys ordii chapmani_. Specimens examined from 10 miles north
of Angell, Springerville, Tanner Tank and Cedar Ranch Wash, Arizona
(listed by Goldman as referable to _D. o. cleomophila_), and those from
Wupatki Ruins, Arizona, agree with _D. o. longipes_ except that the
width across the maxillary arches is greater. This greater width across
the maxillary arches and the darker color of animals from Winona and
Wupatki Ruins, in my opinion, afford insufficient basis for the
recognition of the subspecies _Dipodomys ordii cleomophila_ Goldman
which, therefore, is placed as a synonym of _Dipodomys ordii longipes_
(Merriam).
_Specimens examined._--Total, 244, distributed as follows:
=Utah=: _San Juan County_: 1 mi. N Bluff, 3500 ft., 1 (UU); 1/2
mi. N Bluff, 3300 ft., 7 (UU); Bluff, 2 (UU); Johns Canyon, San
Juan River, 5150 ft., 2 (UU).
=Arizona=: _Coconino County_: 20 mi. NE Lees Ferry, 1 (USNM); 2
mi. S Endische, 2 (MVZ); 2 mi. SE Endische Spring, Navajo
Mountain, 1 (MVZ); 1/2 mi. W Navajo Spring, Echo Cliffs, 4 (MVZ);
5 mi. S Navajo Mountain, 2 (MVZ); 7 mi. SE Navajo Mountain, 1
(MVZ); Moa Vae, 10 (MVZ); 2 mi. S Grand Canyon Bridge, 1 (USBS);
Tuba, 4 (1 USBS; 3 AMNH); 12 mi. above mouth of Moencopi Wash, 2
(USBS); 14 mi. NW Cedar Ridge, 1 (USBS); 5 mi. N Cameron, 1 (MVZ);
Painted Desert, 6 mi. NE Cameron, 1 (MVZ); 5 mi. E Little Colorado
River on Tuba road, 2 (MVZ); Cameron, 4200 ft., 17 (8 LACM; 9
MVZ); Wupatki Ruins, 4 (MVZ); Deadmans Flat, 6400 ft., NE San
Francisco Mt., 3 (MVZ); 3 mi. NW Winona, 4 (USBS); 5 mi. NE
Winona, 2 (USBS); 10 mi. N Angell, Walnut Tank, 8 (USBS); Cedar
Ranch Wash, 3 mi. above mouth, 5 (USBS); Tanner Tank, 2 (USBS);
Tanners Crossing, Painted Desert, 1 (USBS). _Navajo County_: Right
fork, Segi-ot-Sosie Canyon, 11 mi. NW Kayenta, 2 (MVZ); Bat Woman
Canyon, 13 mi. W Kayenta, 1 (MVZ); Kayenta, 4 (USBS); Segi Canyon,
12 mi. WSW Kayenta, 1 (MVZ); Segi Canyon, 13 mi. WSW Kayenta, 1
(MVZ); Oraibi, 6000 ft., 9 (4 USBS; 5 MVZ); Walpi, 2 (USBS); Keam
Canyon, 12 (6 USBS; 3 USNM; 3 MVZ); Winslow, 6 (USBS); Zuni Well,
7-1/2 mi. N Adamana, 9 (MVZ); Holbrook, 10 (USBS); Long Canyon, 3
(AMNH); Bubbling Springs, 2 (AMNH). _Apache County_: Dinnehotso,
5000 ft., 3 (MVZ); Lukachukai, 1 (USBS); Chin Lee, 6 (USBS); 9 mi.
SW Chin Lee, 1 (USBS); 7 mi. from mouth, Canyon de Chelly, 1
(USBS); Fort Defiance, 2 (USNM); Ganado, 1 (USBS); Springerville,
2 (USBS); 3 mi. SE Springerville, 5 (USBS); unspecified, 4 (2
USBS; 2 USNM); Trash Tank, Grand Canyon, 2 (USBS).
=New Mexico=: _San Juan County_: Ship Rock, 4 (USBS); Fruitland, 9
(USBS); Blanco, 1 (USBS); Chaco Canyon National Monument, 4 (MVZ).
_Rio Arriba County_: Chama Canyon, 1 (USBS). _McKinley County_: 2
mi. W Mariano Lake, 3 (MVZ); Gallup, 6 (USBS); Wingate, 6 (USBS);
Thoreau, 2 (USBS); Zuni River, 1 (USBS). _Sandoval County_: Juan
Tafoya, 1 (USBS). _Valencia County_: 8 mi. SE Grants, 7 (UM); 9
mi. SSE Grants, 5 (UM); 2-1/2 mi. E El Morro P. O., Zuni Mts., 1
(LACM); Laguna, 1 (USBS); Laguna Indian Reservation, 7 (LACM).
_Catron County_: Cougar Ranch, NE Adams Diggings, 1 (CAS); 10 mi.
SW Quemado, 1 (USBS). _Socorro County_: 1 mi. S Bernardo, 1 (MVZ);
Riley, 1 (USBS).
=Dipodomys ordii pallidus= Durrant and Setzer
_Dipodomys ordii pallidus_ Durrant and Setzer, Bull. Univ. Utah, 35
(no. 26):24, June 30, 1945.
_Type._--Male, adult, no. 3526, Museum of Zoology, University of
Utah; Old Lincoln Highway, 18 mi. SW Orr's Ranch in Skull Valley,
4,400 ft., Tooele County, Utah; obtained on June 6, 1940, by S. D.
Durrant, original no. 1905.
_Range._--Low valleys of west-central Utah in Tooele, Juab and
Millard counties; marginal occurrences are: all in Utah, 18 mi. SW
Orr's Ranch, 7 mi. S Fish Springs, Hinckley and Lynndyl.
_Diagnosis._--Size medium (see measurements). Color light, entire
dorsal surface Light Pinkish Cinnamon, purest on sides and flanks,
with but slight suffusion of black on upper parts; cheeks white;
arietiform markings, pinnae of ears, plantar surfaces of hind feet,
dorsal and ventral stripes of tail, brownish. Skull large; auditory
bullae long, wide and well inflated; external auditory meatus
elongate with a notch on the dorsal border; nasals long and flaring
distally.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii celeripes_, _D. o. pallidus_
differs in: Size larger; color generally darker, although some
specimens are lighter; skull larger; nasals longer and more flared
distally; interorbital width greater; auditory bullae larger;
external auditory meatus larger.
From _Dipodomys ordii fetosus_, _D. o. pallidus_ differs in: Size
larger; color lighter; ventral stripe of tail indistinct as
opposed to pronounced; skull larger; nasals longer and more flared
distally; auditory bullae larger; external auditory meatus larger;
palate shorter and broader.
For comparisons with _Dipodomys ordii marshalli_ and _Dipodomys
ordii utahensis_ see accounts of those subspecies.
_Remarks._--Among named subspecies of _Dipodomys ordii_, _D. o.
pallidus_ most closely resembles, morphologically, _D. a. marshalli_,
its nearest geographic neighbor to the north and east. Intergradation
with _Dipodomys ordii utahensis_ is noted in color and intermediacy of
body size of specimens from Clover Creek. The majority of cranial
characters, however, show these animals to be referable to _D. o.
utahensis_ rather than to _D. o. pallidus_. Specimens taken at Lynndyl
and Hinckley show intergradation in size of body, length and
configuration of the nasals and the degree of inflation of the auditory
bullae between _Dipodomys ordii celeripes_ and _D. o. pallidus_. The
majority of characters studied show these latter animals to be referable
to _D. o. pallidus_. Specimens from 35 and 60 miles west of Delta, in
size of body and shape and inflation of the auditory bullae, are
intermediate between _D. o. pallidus_ and _D. o. celeripes_. These
specimens are here referred to _D. o. celeripes_.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 34, all from Utah, distributed as
follows: _Tooele County_: Old Lincoln Highway, 18 mi. SW Orr's
Ranch in Skull Valley, 4400 ft., 9 (UU). _Juab County_: Fish
Springs, 4400 ft., 4 (UU); 7 mi. S Fish Springs, 4400 ft., 4 (UU).
_Millard County_: 1 mi. N Lynndyl, 4768 ft., 5 (UU); Lynndyl, 4768
ft., 1 (UU); Hinckley, 4600 ft., 11 (UU).
=Dipodomys ordii nexilis= Goldman
_Dipodomys ordii nexilis_ Goldman, Journ. Washington, Acad. Sci.,
23:470, October 5, 1933.
_Perodipus longipes_, Warren, Mammals of Colorado, p. 77, 1910
(part--the part from Coventry, Colorado).
_Dipodomys ordii longipes_, Moore, Journ. Mamm., 10:260, August,
1929 (part--the part from Monticello, Utah).
_Type._--Male, adult, no. 149938, U. S. Nat. Mus. Biol. Surv.
Coll.; 5 mi. W Naturita, Montrose County, Colorado; obtained on
July 20, 1907, by Merritt Cary, original no. 1068.
_Range._--West-central Colorado, southwest into San Juan County,
Utah, north of the San Juan River; northwest into Grand County,
Utah, to the Colorado River; and westward probably as far as the
Colorado River; marginal occurrences are: in Utah, Cisco, 18 mi. NE
Moab, and Blanding; in Colorado, 5 mi. W Naturita, and Coventry.
_Diagnosis._--Size medium (see measurements). Color dark, entire
dorsal surface between (_a_) Cinnamon-Buff and Clay Color, purest
on sides and flanks, upper parts strongly suffused with black;
arietiform markings, pinnae of ears, plantar surfaces of hind
feet, dorsal and ventral tail-stripes blackish. Lateral white
stripes of tail less than one fourth of diameter of tail. Skull
large; rostrum long and narrow; nasals long; auditory bullae
strongly inflated; braincase not inflated; pterygoid fossae ovoid.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii sanrafaeli_, _D. o. nexilis_
differs in: Color darker; skull smaller in all measurements taken;
auditory bullae noticeably smaller; width across zygomatic
processes of maxillae less.
From _Dipodomys ordii longipes_, _D. o. nexilis_ differs in: Size
smaller; color darker in all respects; rostrum wider; breadth
across auditory bullae less; interorbital width greater; breadth
across zygomatic processes of maxillae less; cutting edge of upper
incisors wider; zygomatic arch lighter and more nearly straight.
Comparison with _Dipodomys ordii evexus_ is made in account of
that subspecies.
_Remarks._--This animal is apparently not abundant at any place in its
range. Two different attempts, by me, to obtain topotypes were
unsuccessful. A single specimen was obtained and that was only a skull
saved from a mutilated animal that was taken away from a rattlesnake.
The habitat at the type locality is such that a person would not expect
it to be inhabited by kangaroo rats. The soil is a heavy clay with a
generous admixture of stones but in isolated spots there are light sandy
soils which should be suitable for kangaroo rats. Even so, 500 traps set
in the area of the type locality over a period of two nights yielded no
_Dipodomys_.
This subspecies of _Dipodomys ordii_, inhabiting west-central Colorado
and southeastern Utah, is darker than any other subspecies with which
its range comes in contact. The races to both the north and south are
larger, with the exception of the hind foot which is longer in _D. o.
nexilis_ than in either _D. o. sanrafaeli_ or _D. o. longipes_. The
affinities of _D. o. nexilis_ are with _D. o. longipes_ rather than with
any of the other known subspecies of _Dipodomys ordii_.
Intergradation between _D. o. nexilis_ and _D. o. longipes_ is shown by
animals from Bluff, San Juan County, Utah, which, however, are referable
to the latter. In animals from sixteen miles northwest of Moab, Grand
County, Utah, there is intergradation in size of skull and in color
between _D. o. nexilis_ and _D. o. sanrafaeli_. The specimens are
referred to _D. o. sanrafaeli_.
_D. o. nexilis_ is apparently prevented from extending its range to the
northward by the presence there of _D. o. sanrafaeli_. To the south _D.
o. nexilis_ encounters _D. o. longipes_ and the San Juan River. To the
east it is limited by the Rocky Mountains and to the west by the deep
canyons of the Colorado River.
Warren (1942:183) did not apply the name _D. o. nexilis_ to Ord kangaroo
rats in Colorado. He listed specimens from Montrose, Montezuma and Mesa
counties as being referable to _D. o. longipes_. The specimens from
Montezuma County, Colorado, probably are _D. o. longipes_ and those from
Montrose and Mesa counties (for which Warren gives no precise
localities) are _D. o. nexilis_.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 35, distributed as follows:
=Utah=: _Grand County_: Cisco, 4 (CM); 18 mi. NE Moab, 6000 ft., 1
(UU). _San Juan County_: 15 mi. N Monticello, 4 (MVZ); Blanding, 1
(UU).
=Colorado=: _Delta County_: Hotchkiss, 1 (USBS). _Montrose
County_: Paradox, 1 (DRD); Bedrock, 4 (AMNH); 5 mi. W Naturita, 2
(USBS); Coventry, 3 (1 USBS; 2 AMNH).
=Dipodomys ordii cupidineus= Goldman
_Dipodomys ordii cupidineus_ Goldman, Journ. Washington Acad. Sci.,
14:372, September 19, 1924.
_Type._--Male, no. 243093, U. S. Nat. Mus. Biol. Surv. Coll.; Kanab
Wash, at southern boundary of Kaibab Indian Reservation, Arizona;
obtained on October 12, 1922, by E. A. Goldman, original no. 23384.
_Range._--Northeastern Arizona and south-central Utah; marginal
occurrences are: in Utah, Escalante, near Paria and S of Virgin;
in Arizona, 6 mi. N Wolf Hole, 20 mi. S Wolf Hole, 5 mi. S
Trumbull Spring and 10 mi. S Jacobs Pools in Houserock Valley.
_Diagnosis._--Size large (see measurements). Color relatively
dark, entire dorsal surface between (_16''_) Pinkish Cinnamon and
Cinnamon-Buff, purest on sides and flanks, upper parts washed with
black; arietiform markings, pinnae of ears, dorsal and ventral
stripes of tail, plantar surfaces of hind feet, blackish. Skull
large; auditory bullae well inflated; interorbital width
relatively narrow; rostrum long and narrow; nasals long and
slightly flared distally; pterygoid fossae ovoid; external
auditory meatus small and ovoid; jugal light and relatively
straight.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii chapmani_, _D. o.
cupidineus_ differs in: Size larger; color lighter in all
pigmented areas; skull larger; rostrum shorter and wider; nasals
shorter; auditory bullae more inflated, particularly median
tympanic portion; least interorbital width less.
From _Dipodomys ordii nexilis_, _D. o. cupidineus_ differs as
follows: Size smaller; color lighter in all pigmented areas; skull
smaller; rostrum relatively longer and narrower; least
interorbital width less; auditory bullae less inflated; breadth
across maxillary arches less; foramen magnum circular as opposed
to ovoid; cutting edge of upper incisors narrower; zygomatic
arches lighter.
For comparisons with _Dipodomys ordii cinderensis_, _Dipodomys
ordii panguitchensis_ and _Dipodomys ordii longipes_ see accounts
of those subspecies.
_Remarks._-This subspecies is prevented from intergrading, to the east,
with _D. o. longipes_ by the deep canyons of the Colorado River, with
_D. o. cinderensis_ by the Virgin River and with _D. o. panguitchensis_
by a series of high mountain ranges. Intergradation does, however, occur
with _D. o. sanrafaeli_ in animals from Escalante, Garfield County,
Utah, but they are referable to _D. o. cupidineus_. The Colorado River,
farther to the north, again serves as a barrier in preventing
intergradation between _D. o. nexilis_ and _D. o. cupidineus_.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 122, distributed as follows:
=Utah=: _Garfield County_: Mouth of Calf Creek, Escalante River, 3
(BYU); Ten Mile Spring, 3 (BYU); Escalante, 3 (BYU). _Washington
County_: near Short Creek road, south of town of Virgin, 18 (RH).
_Kane County_: near Paria, 1 (UU); Willow Tank Springs, 7 (BYU); 8
mi. NW Kanab, 4800 ft., 1 (UU); near Sand Dunes, 7 (RH); Kanab, 15
(12 MVZ; 2 BYU; 1 UU); 1 mi. S Kanab, 4400 ft., 2 (UU).
=Arizona=: _Mohave County_: near S Boundary Kaibab Indian
Reservation, 4 (MVZ); 6 mi. N Wolf Hole, 8 (MVZ); 4 mi. N Wolf
Hole; 3 mi. NW Diamond Butte, 7 (USBS); 20 mi. S Wolf Hole, 1
(USBS); 1 mi. W Diamond Butte, 1 (USBS); 6 mi. N Mt. Trumbull, 1
(USBS); Nixon Springs, 6250 ft., W Base Mt. Trumbull, 6 (3 USBS; 3
MVZ); 5 mi. S Trumbull Spring, 1 (USBS). _Coconino County_:
Fredonia, 3 (USBS); 2 mi. W Lees Ferry, 3 (MVZ); Jacobs Pools,
4000 ft., Houserock Valley, 15 (MVZ); 10 mi. S Jacobs Pools,
Houserock Valley, 2 (MVZ); Houserock Valley, 10 (USBS).
=Dipodomys ordii palmeri= (Allen)
_Dipodops ordii palmeri_ Allen, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 8:187,
1881.
_Cricetodipus ordii palmeri_, Trouessart, Catalogus Mammalium,
1:581, 1897.
_Perodipus ordii palmeri_, Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington,
30:113, May 23, 1917.
_Dipodomys ordii palmeri_, Grinnell, Journ. Mamm., 2:96, May 2,
1921.
_Cotypes._--Two males, adults, nos. 5886 and 5887, Mus. Comp.
Zool.; San Luis Potosí, Mexico; obtained on May 1, 1878, and
September 1, 1878, respectively, by Dr. Edward Palmer. (Types not
seen.)
_Range._--Eastern Zacatecas, Aguascaliente, northern Jalisco, San
Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, and probably Querétaro; marginal occurrences
are: Zacatecas, Canitas and Berriozobal; Aguascaliente, 1 mi. N
Chicalote; Jalisco, 9 mi. N Encarnación; Guanajuato, Celaya;
Hidalgo, Irolo.
_Diagnosis._--Size small (see measurements). Color dark, entire
dorsal surface (_h_) between Cinnamon and Sayal Brown, purest on
sides and flanks, upper parts strongly suffused with black;
posterior surfaces and fold of pinnae of ears, white; arietiform
markings, plantar surfaces of hind feet, inside of pinnae of ears,
dorsal and ventral stripes of tail, blackish. Skull small; nasals
long; rostrum long and narrow; interorbital region relatively
wide; degree of inflation of auditory bullae about average for
species; zygomatic arches light and bowed laterally; pterygoid
fossae subcircular; braincase but slightly vaulted.
_Comparisons._--From _Dipodomys ordii ordii_, _D. o. palmeri_
differs as follows: Size somewhat larger; color darker; skull
larger; nasals longer and flaring distally; interorbital width
greater; narrower across auditory bullae; interparietal region
narrower; breadth across maxillary arches greater; zygomatic arches
bowed laterally as opposed to relatively straight; pterygoid
fossae more nearly circular; rostrum longer and narrower.
From _Dipodomys ordii sennetti_, _D. o. palmeri_ differs in larger
size, darker color, longer tail and longer skull.
For comparisons with _Dipodomys ordii obscurus_ and _Dipodomys
ordii fuscus_ see accounts of those subspecies.
_Remarks._--Specimens from Berriozobal, Zacatecas, in the width of the
rostrum and the configuration of the nasals, are intermediate between
_Dipodomys ordii fuscus_ and _D. o. palmeri_. In color these animals are
more nearly like typical representatives of _D. o. palmeri_. The animals
from Jalisco and Guanajuato are not typical but the characters
differentiating them from _D. o. palmeri_ are merely modifications of
such slight degree that they all have been placed with that subspecies.
_Specimens examined._--Total, 56, distributed as follows:
=Zacatecas=: Canitas, 3 (USBS); Berriozobal, 10 (USBS).
=San Luis Potosí=: Potrero Santa Ana, 7.6 mi. S Matehuala, 2
(MVZ); Jesus Maria, 12 (USBS); 2 mi. NW San Luis Potosí, 8 (MVZ).
=Aguascalientes=: 1 mi. N Chicalote, 1900 m., 4 (MVZ).
=Jalisco=: 9 mi. N Encarnación, 1900 m., 1 (MVZ).
=Guanajuato=: Celaya, 8 (USBS).
=Hidalgo=: Ixmiquilpan, 1 (USBS); Irolo, 12 (USBS).