REVERENCE FOR PARENTS
“Things difficult to come by are a good son, long life, and a great
beard.”--_Chinese Proverb._
The Chinese say that filial piety is the chief of virtues, and many
show by their actions that they believe the saying. They care for their
fathers and mothers, obey their wishes, and are careful in the use of
their property. “A good son will not use the portion divided for him; a
good daughter will not wear her marriage clothes,” say the Chinese.
The following story shows how sorry they are when they think that they
have offended against their parents in any way. In 1908 a traveller
met a young man on his way to a famous temple on the top of a mountain
in Hunan. The lad had lost his mother and he was very sad because he
thought that her death must have been caused by some wrong thing which
he had done, either in this life or in some previous existence. He felt
sure that if he had not been guilty of some very wicked action, Heaven
never would have taken away his mother whilst he was still so young. In
order to make up for what he thought to be his crime, he vowed to walk
sixty miles to the temple, bowing down to the ground every seven steps
which he took. He must have knelt over 250 times in a mile, or more
than 15,000 times in all.
To ill-use one’s father or mother is a fault for which there is no
forgiveness in China. Some years ago, in one of the cities of the
south, a boy who was unkind to his mother and spent his time in
gambling, instead of working for her support, was punished by being
buried alive.
The following story shows how much power fathers and mothers have
over their children, even when they are grown to be men and women.
Once there was a Hunan man, named Chiu, who fought bravely against
the ‘long-haired rebels,’ and rose to high office in the Canton
province. His mother, a big woman with unbound feet and a face marked
by small-pox, was a person of strong character who had trained her
children to be dutiful and always to obey.
Not long after Mr Chiu had gone to Canton, he sent for his mother to
come and stay with him in the big house where he now lived. When word
was brought that the servants, whom he had sent with his own silk-lined
chair for the old lady, were drawing near to the city, Mr Chiu left his
retinue and joined them, following his mother’s chair on foot as it
entered the gateway and passed through the city.
The people, as they usually do when there is anything to be seen, lined
the streets, filling every doorway with their eager faces, for men,
women and children had turned out to see the great man welcome his aged
mother.
Old Mrs Chiu sat in the sedan, her big feet sticking out from under
the silk front covering of the chair. As he walked along beside the
bearers, her son noticed how awkward they looked in that position, and
gently pushed them inside with his hand.
On went the silken chair with its bearers and escort, the people gazing
with interest on all the marks of honour paid by a good son to his
mother. Presently the old lady again stuck out her feet, so that they
“showed like a pair of boats” on the footboard of the chair beneath the
gaze of the whole city. Mr Chiu, great man as he was, did not dare to
push them back again, much as he disliked to have everyone laughing at
his mother’s big feet.
When the chair reached the Yamen, or official house, Mr Chiu went to
help his mother to get out.
“What place is this?” asked the old lady, as if she did not know her
son. “What place is this?”
“This is the Yamen, where you are to live, mother,” answered Mr Chiu.
“I can have no such happiness,” said she. “Go and see whether there is
an inn near by, where people cook their own food, that I may go and
lodge there.”
Mr Chiu, seeing that something had gone wrong, knelt down, careless of
his silk clothes and all the crowd of onlookers, and said:
“O mother, I do not know what may have displeased you, but if I have
offended you in any way, I ask you to forgive my fault,” but his mother
would not answer him a word.
Mr Chiu, finding that he could make nothing of the old lady, sent for
his wife, hoping that she might persuade her to leave the chair and
go into the Yamen. By this time the court was full of people who had
gathered to see what was going on. Her Excellency, young Mrs Chiu, came
out in her long robes and satin shoes, and kneeling down upon the stone
pavement, besought Mrs Chiu, saying:
“What is wrong with you, mother? We do not know why you are so angry
with us. Please tell your daughter what is the matter, and why you will
not come into the house.”
“There can be no such happiness for me,” said the old lady shortly, and
then she said no more. Young Mrs Chiu’s tears fell freely and she began
again to beseech her mother-in-law to forgive whatever might have
offended her, and not to shame her son in the eyes of his friends and
neighbours.
On this the angry dame left her chair and walked into the midst of the
guests and the crowd of onlookers. Then she stamped one of her large
feet upon the stones and turning to her son said:
“Your father did not find fault with my feet, who are you to be ashamed
of them? My heart is right, therefore Heaven has given me good fortune;
looks do not matter.” His Excellency bore her anger with grace and
patience, and when she had said all she wished to say, at last was able
to persuade her to enter the Yamen.
It would be a mistake to think that old Mrs Chiu would not go into her
son’s house only because she was angry. The Chinese despise the man who
is ashamed of his parents or poor relations. The old woman’s big feet
showed that she had been of the working class. She acted as she did,
not from obstinacy or temper, but because she wished that neither she
herself nor her distinguished son should be ashamed of their humble
beginnings.
The honour paid by children to their parents, such as this story tells
of, has kept the better heart of China alive amid much evil, and has
made her people more ready to join in the worship of our Father which
is in Heaven.