THE TRUE CHARACTER OF A DUNCE.

He hath a soul drowned in a lump of flesh, or is a piece of earth that

Prometheus put not half his proportion of fire into. A thing that hath

neither edge of desire nor feeling of affection in it; the most

dangerous creature for confirming an atheist, who would swear his soul

were nothing but the bare temperature of his body. He sleeps as he goes,

and his thoughts seldom reach an inch further than his eyes. The most

part of the faculties of his soul lie fallow, or are like the restive

jades that no spur can drive forward towards the pursuit of any worthy

designs. One of the most unprofitable of God's creatures, being as he is

a thing put clean beside the right use; made fit for the cart and the

flail, and by mischance entangled amongst books and papers. A man cannot

tell possibly what he is now good for, save to move up and down and fill

room, or to serve as _animatum instrumentum_, for others to work withal

in base employments, or to be foil for better wits, or to serve (as they

say monsters do) to set out the variety of nature, and ornament of the

universe. He is mere nothing of himself, neither eats, nor drinks, nor

goes, nor spits, but by imitation, for all which he hath set forms and

fashions, which he never varies, but sticks to with the like plodding

constancy that a mill-horse follows his trace. But the Muses and the

Graces are his hard mistresses; though he daily invocate them, though he

sacrifice hecatombs, they still look asquint. You shall note him

(besides his dull eye, and lowering head, and a certain clammy benumbed

pace) by a fair displayed beard, a night-cap, and a gown, whose very

wrinkles proclaim him the true genius of familiarity. But of all others,

his discourse and compositions best speak him, both of them are much of

one stuff and fashion. He speaks just what his books or last company

said unto him, without varying one whit, and very seldom understands

himself. You may know by his discourse where he was last; for what he

heard or read yesterday, he now dischargeth his memory or note-book

of--not his understanding, for it never came there. What he hath he

flings abroad at all adventures, without accommodating it to time,

place, or persons, or occasions. He commonly loseth himself in his tale,

and flutters up and down windless without recovery, and whatsoever next

presents itself, his heavy conceit seizeth upon, and goeth along with,

however heterogeneal to his matter in hand. His jests are either old

fled proverbs, or lean-starved hackney apophthegms, or poor verbal

quips, outworn by serving-men, tapsters, and milkmaids, even laid aside

by balladers. He assents to all men that bring any shadow of reason, and

you may make him when he speaks most dogmatically even with one breath,

to aver poor contradictions. His compositions differ only _terminorum

positione_ from dreams; nothing but rude heaps of immaterial,

incoherent, drossy, rubbishy stuff, promiscuously thrust up together;

enough to infuse dulness and barrenness in conceit into him that is so

prodigal of his ears as to give the hearing; enough to make a man's

memory ache with suffering such dirty stuff cast into it. As unwelcome

to any true conceit, as sluttish morsels or wallowish potions to a nice

stomach, which whiles he empties himself, it sticks in his teeth, nor

can he be delivered without sweat, and sighs, and hems, and coughs

enough to shake his grandam's teeth out of her head. He spits, and

scratches, and spawls, and turns like sick men from one elbow to

another, and deserves as much pity during his torture as men in fits of

tertian fevers, or self-lashing penitentiaries. In a word, rip him quite

asunder, and examine every shred of him, you shall find of him to be

just nothing but the subject of nothing; the object of contempt; yet

such as he is you must take him, for there is no hope he should ever

become better.

Character Writings of the Seventeenth Century · 第 59 / 429 题