visits Rustum Pasha, 15;
his quarters, 16;
cordiality of the French towards, 16;
a strict disciplinarian, 23;
proceeds to Varna, 36;
his landing at Eupatoria, 85;
his danger, _ib._;
commands the light division, 87;
his gallantry at the Alma, 113, 114;
at Inkerman, 169;
his operations, 242;
commander of the expedition to the Sea of Azoff, 265
Bruat, Admiral, 27;
death of, 447;
high mass celebrated for the soul of, _ib._
Bucharest, captured by Omar Pasha, 55
Bug, river, expedition up the, 413;
scenery on the banks of the, _ib._;
conflict with the Russians, 414;
its confluence with the Dnieper, 415;
operations in the, 416, 417;
raising of the blockade, 419;
difficulties of ascending it, _ib._, _note_
Bulair, town of, 16, 21;
military works at, 23;
fortifications at, 27
Bulgaria, peasantry of, 43, 44;
immense forces assembled in, 48, 49;
the natives forsake their homes, 46
Buller, Brigadier-General, 42
Burgoyne, Sir John, proposes the flank march, 132, 134;
his departure for England, 243
Burliouk, ruins of, 489, 491
Burrell, Dr., 8
Cafés at Gallipoli, 17, 18
Calvert, Mr., the consul at Gallipoli, 15;
his active efforts, _ib._
Cambridge, Duke of, his arrival at Gallipoli, 30;
dines with the Sultan, 33;
lands at Eupatoria, 86;
commands the first division, 87;
his gallantry at Alma, 114;
at Inkerman, 169
Camel, anecdote of one at Sebastopol, 439
Cameron, General, of the Highland division, 324
Camp-followers in the Crimea, 449, 450
Camp life, 48
Campbell, General Sir Colin, 25;
his military experience, 114
Campbell, General Sir J., of the fourth division, 242;
his military operations, _ib._;
death of, 292
"Canards," hatching of, 215
Canrobert, General, 6;
at Gallipoli, 15;
arrives at Varna, 41;
his bravery at Alma, 102;
assumes the command of the French troops, 139;
at Inkerman, 172;
his order of the day after the battle of Inkerman, 190;
his address to the troops, 260
Canteen-keepers, their rapacity, 445
Carbuccia, General, death of, 56
Cardigan, Lord, his difficult reconnaissance, 54;
his early operations, 94;
at the Tchernaya, 155;
his desperate cavalry charge at Balaklava, 159
Careening Bay, Sebastopol, 143
Casualties, number of, 324, 432
Cathcart, Sir G., commands the fourth division, 87;
at Balaklava, 139;
slain at Inkerman, 170;
his advice while living disregarded, 436
Cathcart's Hill, its position, 248, 249, 252;
view of Sebastopol from, 334;
present state of, 375
Cavalry brigade, British, criticisms on the, 152;
its charge on the Russians, 157;
relics of the, 257
Cemetery, struggle for the, 292;
its capture, 294
"Chambers of horrors," 367
Chapman, Captain, at Sebastopol, 151
Charges at night, difficulties of describing, 261
Chasseurs, at Inkerman, 171;
review of the, 261
Cherson, Cape, lighthouse of, 138
Cherson Bay, cruise up the, 413
Chersonese, Cape, 76;
memorials of the brave at the, 494
Cholera, its violence in Bulgaria, 56;
at Varna, 57, 58;
horrors attending it, 58, 61, 62;
its ravages at Balaklava, &c., 138, 139, 447
Christian subjects of Turkey, their right to protection, 2
Christmas of 1854, its dreariness in the Crimea, 196;
of 1855, 447
Church, desolated interior of a, 257
Civilians, their criticisms on military matters, 447
Classical fictions, 10
Clifford, Hon. Mr., 115
Climate of the Dardanelles and surrounding country, 25, 26
Clothing, terrible deficiency of, 196, 197;
supplied by the _Times'_ commissioner, 196;
general supplies of, 202, 441
Codrington, General Sir W., his gallantry at Alma, 111, 112;
at Inkerman, 169;
his justification, 353;
appointed commander-in-chief, 423;
his various promotions, 424, 425;
his career, 425;
his general orders, 425;
his grand review of the British troops, 454-456;
his general orders respecting the departure of the Sardinians, 492
Coffee, wretched supply of, 204
Colborne, Major, 31
Cold, destructive effects of the, 205, 206;
paralyzing effects of, 221
Colville, Captain, his bravery at Alma, 111
Comet, appearances of the, 9
Commissariat department, 8;
its difficulties at Gallipoli, 20, 21;
its pressure of business, 59;
its supplies, 179;
its deficiencies, 191;
improvement in the supplies, 238;
favourable changes in the, 437
Commission, mixed, at Sebastopol, for distributing the prize captures, 381-385
Cooking, want of apparatus for, 478
Cooking rations, receipts for, 219
Corn, destruction of, in the Sea of Azoff, 270;
quantity of, issued to the English army, 375;
great waste of, 444
Cossacks, appearance of the, 80, 84;
first encounter with the, 94, 95;
their indefatigability, 202;
their cunning, 212;
a brush with the, 258;
their sly manoeuvres at Kinburn, 420;
their appearance and habiliments, 459, 473, 480;
their horses, 480, 481
Councils, divided, evils of the, 426
CRIMEA, causes of the expedition to the, 1;
preparations for the campaign, 2 _et seq._;
influence of the press on the, 2, 3;
early difficulties, and imperfect arrangements for the war, 15, 17;
orders for attacking the, 56;
preparations for invading the, _ib._;
Russian forces at the, _ib._;
departure of the expedition, 70;
its shores and anchorage, 73 _et seq._;
landing at Eupatoria, 84-86;
first encounters with the Russians, 89, 94, 95;
amount of the invading force, 87;
Tartar race of the, 88;
march of the Allied army, 83 _et seq._;
battle of the Alma, 97 _et seq._;
advance from the Alma, 129;
movements of the Russians, 133;
advance on Belbek, 134;
capture of Balaklava, 137;
arrival at Sebastopol, 138;
and its investment, 141 (see _Sebastopol_);
battle of Inkerman, 169;
hardships of the campaign, 179;
attack on Eupatoria, 190;
attack of the French on Sebastopol, and the progress of the siege, 200;
great hardships, 203;
climate, _ib._;
the _Times'_ fund sent to the, 196;
commencement of active operations in the spring, 231;
railway in the, 232;
birds and flowers in the, 233;
sports of the camp, 234;
march of improvement in, 235;
severe fighting before Sebastopol, 244 _et seq._;
Kertch expeditions, 263, 265;
expedition to the Sea of Azoff, 265;
severe fighting before Sebastopol, 284 _et seq._;
death of Lord Raglan, 299;
General Simpson appointed Commander-in-Chief, 301;
battles of the Tchernaya, 155, 315;
the Sardinian contingent, 310;
capture of the Malakoff, 343;
retreat of the Russians, 361;
capture of Sebastopol, 362;
review of the great struggle, 370 _et seq._;
state of the two armies, 387;
ruins of Sebastopol, 387-389;
General Simpson's despatch respecting operations in, 390;
mildness of the weather in November, 1855, 427, 429;
disadvantageous position of the Allies in the, 427;
winter of 1855, 440;
mud of the, 444;
Russian forces in the, 446;
a second Christmas in the, 447;
winter in the, _ib._;
storm in the, 448;
camp followers in the, 449;
destruction of the Sebastopol docks, 451-453;
the British forces in the, 454-456;
armistice takes place, 462;
peace proclaimed, 467;
preparations for evacuation, 468;
review of the great struggle, 468-471;
excursion into the interior, 472;
tour through the, and general aspect of the country, 473;
departure of the Sardinian staff from, 492;
memorials of the brave, 494;
tour in the north of the, _ib._;
its outlets, and the difficulties these presented to the Russians, _ib._;
wells of the, _ib._;
salt waters of the, 495;
German villages of the, 496;
reflections on the campaign, _ib._
Crimean Flora, 477
Croat labourers, their physical strength and endurance, 232
"Crow's Nest," battery so called, 338
Cuddy, Lieut.-Colonel, his bravery and ill-treatment, 466;
his death, _ib._
Dardanelles, arrival of the British troops at the, 12;
coasts of the, _ib._;
climate and scenery of the, 25, 26
Dead, armistice for the burial of the, 228, 246, 287, 295
Death, the valley of, 64, 67
Demur Kapu, 476
Desaint, Colonel, 56
Deserters from the Allied forces, 204;
from the Russians, 204, 234;
their accounts from Sebastopol, 204;
stories of the, 387;
their miserable plight, _ib._
Devno, march to, 50; the Valley of Death, 64, 67
Diarrhoea among the troops at Varna, 46
Dickson, Colonel, 24;
at Balaklava, 139;
at Sebastopol, 146;
at Inkerman, 170
Dinner, a Crimean one, 219
Discipline, relaxation of, 427
Divisions of the British forces, and their commanders, 87;
their landing at Eupatoria, 85, 86;
their order of march, 93
Djemel Pasha, commander of the Dardanelles, 19;
his learning and intelligence, 19, 20
Dnieper, entry of the united squadron into the, 415;
its blockade raised, 419;
difficulties of ascending the, 419, _note_
Dobrudscha, campaign in the, and losses experienced thereby, 56
Docks, of Sebastopol, destroyed, 451-453
Dog-hunting in the Crimea, 235
Dogs and cats from Sebastopol, 439
Doyne, Mr., the head engineer, his vigorous
labours at Sebastopol, 388, 421, 441
Dragoon Guards, their charge on the Russians, 157
Drainage, operations of, 442
Dress of the British soldiers, 18
Drummers of the Crimea, 450
Drunkenness, punishment of, 445
Dundas, Admiral, 41;
his orders, 76
Egerton, Colonel, his bravery at the Alma, 116
Egyptian troops at Varna, 49
Elchingen, Duc d', death of, 56
Electric telegraph laid down, 236;
its tendency to mischievous consequences, 443
Electricity, agencies of, 278
Eman, Colonel, killed, 353
_Emperor_, the guiding star of the fleet, 82
Engineering works, scarcity of men for, 243, 244
England, her commercial interests as regards Turkey, 1
England, Sir Richard, arrives at the Dardanelles, 25;
commands the third division, 87
English. See _Soldiers_, and _Army_
Enniskilleners, their charge on the Russians, 157
Enos, town of, 15
Entrenchments, advance of the, 308
Espinasse, General, 56
Estcourt, General, 129; death of, 299
Etesian wind, 11
Etonnoirs of the French, 255, 494
Euboea, 12
Eupatoria, survey of the coast of, 59;
coast of, 75, 76;
town of, 80;
selected for the landing-place, _ib._;
inhabitants of, 82;
landing of the French at, 82, 83;
resolution to garrison it, 91;
Russian attack on, 190
Evans, General Sir de Lacy, arrives at the Dardanelles, 25;
commands the second division, 87;
lands at Eupatoria, 86;
his bravery at the Alma, 107, 115;
his report of military operations at the Alma, 116;
his despatch from the heights of the Tchernaya, 161-163;
his illness, 165, 175
Expedition, Crimean, its departure, 70;
its extent, 71;
vastness of the armada conveying it, 73;
its voyage from Varna to the Crimea, 73-75;
its uncertainties, 75, 76;
account of its disembarkation, 84-88;
military force of the, 87;
marches into the interior, _ib._;
its order of march, 93;
its halt at the Alma, 96;
at the Katcha, 132;
accession of forces at the, _ib._;
makes a détour round the Belbek, 132 _et seq._;
its march from the Belbek to Balaklava, 136, 137.
See _Crimea_, and _Sebastopol_
Explosions, disastrous ones, 328, 361, 380, 429-433;
causes, 433
Eyre, Brigadier, 25;
appointed to the command of the third division, 311;
his excursion in the interior of the Crimea, 479
Fatigue parties, severe duties of the, 197
Fatima Hanoum, the Kurdish chieftainess, 54
Ferguson, General, 7
Fidonisi, French rendezvous of, 71
Fighting, love of, an anecdote, 434
Filder, Commissary-General, 40;
his office in Varna, 59;
his instructions, 67
Fire, a disastrous one, 380
Flagstaff Battery, contentions for the, 191
Flank march of the Allies, 134
Fleet of the Russians, its submergement, 472, 473
Flowers of the Crimea, 233
Food, prices of, at Varna, 41
Forey, General, his bravery at the Alma, 103
Fort Constantine, in Sebastopol, 138
Forts of the north side of Sebastopol, 472
Fourth division, General Bentinck's testimony to their services, 392
France, her political interests as regards Turkey, 1
French camp, sickness in the, 218;
their superiority in cooking, _ib._
French fleet, conveying the expedition, 73, 74
French Spahis effect a landing at Eupatoria, 83
French forces, their arrival at Malta, 6;
their superior arrangements, 15, 16, 21, 47;
their accommodations at Gallipoli, 17, 18;
their police regulations, 18;
their mode of making purchases, 17;
number of, at Gallipoli, 16, 21;
their cordiality to the English, 18, 48;
their uniforms, _ib._;
their methods of dealing with the Turks, 17;
review of, at Gallipoli, 28;
staff of the, 29;
first land on the Crimea, 82, 83;
their successful bravery at the Alma, 102;
their landing at Kamiesch, 138;
their siege and bombardment of Sebastopol, 140 _et seq._;
their order of battle at Inkerman, 174, 175;
road made by the, 198;
important reinforcements received, 205;
their sufferings, 209;
their conflicts with the Russians, 239;
their contests for the rifle-pits, 253-255;
their gallantry, 259;
their capture of the Mamelon, 284, 285;
their unsuccessful attack on the Malakoff, 290, 291;
great losses sustained thereby, 292-294;
their second attack, and capture of the Malakoff, 343;
engaged at the battle of the Tchernaya, 316, 319;
amount of their ordnance on their last bombardment of Sebastopol, 336;
their works for storming the Malakoff, 364;
their operations after the fall of Sebastopol, 375 _et seq._;
review of the, 422;
their system of mines, 493
Frost-bites in the Crimea, 202, 205, 221
_Fury_, the, her reconnaissance of Sebastopol, 59
Fusileer Guards, their arrival at Malta, 5;
their severe losses, 357
Gallipoli, departure of the English and French troops for, 8, 9;
arrival at, 13;
description of, 13, 14;
wretchedness of, 14;
population of, _ib._;
its bad quarters, 15-17;
difficulties of the commissariat at, 17, 21;
high price of provisions, 22;
police regulations at, 18;
alarming fire at, 24;
confusion arising therefrom, 24, 25;
climate and scenery of, 25, 26;
arrival of generals at 27, 30
Gambier, Lieut. Colonel, commander of the siege train at Sebastopol, 146;
at Inkerman, 170
Generals of the army, deficiency of, 190
German colonists of the Crimea, 496
Genitchi, attack on, 270
Gibb, Captain, 9
_Golden Fleece_, the, 8, 9, 10, 12;
her arrival at Gallipoli, 13
Golden Horn, the, 37
Goldie, Brigadier-General, at Inkerman, 169;
slain, 170
Goodram, Samuel, blown up, 434;
anecdotes of, _ib._
Gordon, Captain, 42;
at Sebastopol, 142
Gortschakoff, Prince, 101;
his operations, 437;
his intended plan of operations, 441
Grant, Captain, of the ambulance corps, 199
Greece, localities of, 10, 11
Greek and Latin Churches, their quarrels in Turkey, 1
Greek hermit, 11
Greeks, their religion, 16;
their apathy, 29
Greys, their charge on the Russians, 157
Guards, their departure from London, 3;
their arrival at Malta, 4, 5;
their difficulty of obtaining provisions, 6;
their arrival at Varna, 47;
leave Varna for the Crimea, 67;
their gallantry at the Alma, 110, 114, 120;
their heroism and severe losses at Inkerman, 171, 175;
Queen Victoria's presents to the, 212;
their magnificent appearance in line, 115, 116
Hall, Dr., his letter to Dr. Smith, 385
Hallewell, Captain, 15, 31
Hamelin, Admiral, 41
Hammersley, Major, his tour in the north of the Crimea, 494
Handcock, Colonel, killed, 346
Harbour discipline at Balaklava, 450
Highland Brigade, their condition, 64;
leave Varna for the Crimea, 67;
their gallantry at the Alma, 110, 120;
steadiness of their movements in action, 115;
their bravery at the Tchernaya, 156;
their kilt, 202
Hill, Captain, shot, 247
_Himalaya_, the, her arrival at Malta, 5;
at the Bosphorus, 23;
her enormous cargo of horses and men, 90
Hoey, Colonel, his bravery at the Alma, 118
Horses, difficulty of getting them on shore, 90;
great havoc among, 206
Hospital quarters at Gallipoli, 17
Hurricane at Balaklava, 180;
its violence, 181-186;
distress caused thereby, 184, 185;
miserable state of Balaklava after the, 187
Hussars, arrival of the, 255
Hut of the author, 440;
its situation, 441
Huts, decorations of the, 439, 448;
robberies of the, 439;
complaints against the, 448
Ida, Mount, 12
Inkerman, the British force taken by surprise at, 168;
sanguinary battle of, 169-172;
a series of sanguinary hand-to-hand fights, 170;
review of the dreadful battle-field, 173;
the frightful slaughter at, 174-176;
ghastly relics of the battle, 257
Isarkaia, ruined chateau of, 478
Jack Tar at his tricks, 238;
his playbill, 329
John Bull at a nonplus, 326-328
Jones, General Sir H., replaces Sir J. Burgoyne, 243, 305
Kadikoi, encampment at, 144;
road made from, 198;
its administrative government, 445
Kamara, village of, 166
Kamiesch, landing of the French at, 138;
amusements at, 440
Kara-Bournou, destruction of the magazines, at, 267
Karaguel, town of, 67
Kariakoff, the Russian commander, 101
Kars, fall of, 447
Katcha, mouth of the, 59;
valley of the, 129-132;
river of the, 130;
Russian vessels sunk in the harbour of the, 132;
march from, 134
Keppel, Captain, commander of the naval brigade, 302
Kertch, expedition to, 263;
return of the expedition, 264;
second expedition, 265;
town of, 268, 269;
capture of, 268;
plunder of, 269, 270, 279;
its inhabitants, 272, 273;
hospital at, 274;
dreadful ravages in, 275, 276;
peninsula of, 419, _note_
Kinburn, expedition to, 406;
description of, _ib._;
plan of the attack on, 407-409;
bombarded by the Allied fleet, 410;
surrender of, 411;
fort described, 412;
refortified by the Allies, 419;
Cossacks in the neighbourhood of, _ib._
Koran, not adapted to the civil law of Turkey, 20
Kostendji, village of, laid waste, 57
Kurds, chieftainess of the, 54
Lancaster gun, destroyed by a shot, 252
Laspi, the French doctor, plundered by the Turks, 313
Lawrence, Colonel, 9, 111, 112
Leblanc, Mr., accidentally shot, 241
_Leander_, frigate, 12
Leslie, Lieutenant, wounded, 119
Letters from head-quarters, 31
Levinge, Major, death of, 60
Levinge, Captain, 42
Liège muskets, used by the Russians, 178
Light Cavalry Brigade, its desperate charge at Balaklava, 159;
ordered to embark for Eupatoria, 393
Light division, its heroic gallantry, 109, 111, 112;
its severe losses, 357;
its casualties, 432;
its attack at the Alma, 491
Lights, short supplies of, 440
"Looting" at Kertch, 272
Lucan, Lord, commander of the cavalry division, 33, 87;
at the Tchernaya, 154;
his desperate cavalry attack, 159;
his recall, 220
Lüders, General, 457
Luggage of the English and French armies, 30
Lyons, Admiral, his opinions on the flank march of the expedition, 134;
commands the expedition to the Sea of Azoff, 266;
his operations in Cherson Bay, 413 _et seq._
Machines, for exploding, 278
Mackenzie's Farm, 133
Macnish, Lieutenant W. L., drowned, 34
Malakoff Tower, 207;
French preparations for attacking, 215;
unsuccessful attack on the, 290, 291;
great losses sustained, 292-294;
a second attack on the, left to the French, 303;
the French advances towards, 308;
assaulted and captured by the French, 343;
contest in the rear of the, 350, 351;
its capture causes the loss of Sebastopol, 365;
strength of its works, _ib._;
terrible scenes of the, _ib._;
number of guns captured in the, 383
Malea, Cape, 10, 11
Malta, arrival of the Guards at, 4;
busy scenes in, 5;
cordial reception of the British troops at, 5, 6;
arrival of the French troops at, 6, 8
Mamelon, attack on the, 243;
contest for the, 244;
firing from the, 249;
capture of the, 284;
continued struggles for the, 285;
interior of the, 297
_Manilla_, her arrival at Malta, 5
Mansell, Captain, 24, 54
Markham, General, assumes the command of the second division, 305
Marmora, Sea of, 14, 16, 25, 37
Marmora, General della, the Sardinian commander, 264;
his departure from the Crimea, 492;
honours paid to, _ib._
Martimprey, General, 6
Matapan, Cape, 10
Maule, Colonel, death of, 60
May-day, in the Crimea, 262
Medals, distribution of, at Sebastopol, 372
Medicines, utter want of, in the Crimea, 208
Mediterranean, storm in the, 9
Mehemet Kiprisli Pasha, 34
Memorials of the brave in the Crimea, 494
Menschikoff, Prince, the Russian commander, at the battle of the Alma, 101;
his military force, 123;
his military genius, 436;
satirical songs on, 470
Michael, Grand Duke, at the battle of Inkerman, 168;
his reconnaissance of the Allied armies, 191
Middle Packet Ravine, 246, 296
Military spectacle, a grand one, 260
Military matters, criticisms of civilians on, 447
Mines, explosion of, 255;
of the French and Russians, 493
Minié rifle, its destructive effects, 171, 172
Miskomia, valleys of, 448, 475
Mitylene, 12
Mixed commission for dividing the spoils of Sebastopol, 381-385
Monastir, town of, 64, 67
Monetary arrangements, intricacy of, 22
Money, waste of, 326
Money-changers, Jew and Armenian, 32
_Montezuma_, her arrival at Malta, 6
Monument at the Alma, 491
Morea, coast of the, 10;
arrival of the troops at, 12
Mortar-battery, contest for the, 245
Mounted staff corps, disbanded, 378
Mud, of the Crimea, 444;
of Balaklava, 445
Mule-litters of the French, 199
Muscovite character, type of the, 490
Muscovite infantry, a bad lot of, at Kinburn, 412
Music, military, influence of, 141
Musketry, affair of, between the Russians and the French, 210
Napoleon, Emperor, his Christmas presents to the Crimean army, 198
Napoleon, Prince, arrives at the Dardanelles, 27;
reviews the troops, _ib._;
his arrival in Bulgaria, 48
Naval brigade, their attack on the Redan, 291;
their severe losses, 294;
their admirable practice, 336
"Navvies," their rapid progress, 214;
their industry, 232
Newbury, Mr., death of, 60
Newspaper correspondence in the Crimea, 188;
its difficulties, 189
Newspapers, effect of their statements, 209, 210
Nicholaieff, its situation in the bay, 404;
dockyards of, 418;
its ship-building and arsenal, _ib._
Nicholas, the Czar of Russia, his menacing pretensions, 1;
his ideas respecting the campaign, 65, 66;
death of, 236
Nicholas, Grand Duke, at the battle of Inkerman, 168
Niel, General, the French engineer, 214
Night attacks, difficulty of describing, 261
Nightingale, Miss Florence, her devoted labours at Scutari, 24
Nixon, Lieutenant, his bravery at the Alma, 111
Nolan, Captain, killed at Balaklava, 160
Norcott, Colonel, 105;
his bravery at the Alma, 109, 111, 114
November, anniversary of the month, 429;
favourable change of circumstances in the, _ib._;
its seasonable mildness, _ib._
Oczakoff, fort of, destroyed, 412
Odessa, threatened by the Allied fleets, 398;
the alarm of the inhabitants, 399;
reasons for not attacking, 401, 403;
description of, 398, 402
Old Fort, selected for the landing-place for the expedition, 81
Omar Pasha, his military appearance, 50;
his review of the troops, 51;
at Varna, 33;
his conference with Lord Raglan and Marshal St. Arnaud, 34;
his proposed plans, _ib._;
his arrival at Sebastopol, 197;
his visit to the Crimea, 217;
undertakes to send 20,000 Turks to Sebastopol, 239;
is tired of his inactive position in the Crimea, 306;
his expedition in Asia Minor, 447
Order of Merit, suggestion respecting, 296, 451
Osmanli, their military courage, 49;
their want of discipline, _ib._;
their military appearance, _ib._;
their temperance and spare diet, 145;
their kindness to the sick, 165
Out-posts, good-fellowship of the, 211
Ovens, combat for the, 191
Paget, Lord G., ordered to Eupatoria, 393
Pashas of Turkey, their adherence to ancient usages, 20
Paskiewitch, General, his bombardment of Silistria, 34
Patton, Captain, death of, 139
Paulet, Lord, W., his promotion, 420
Pavlovskaia, fort of, 268;
occupation of, 277
Peace, rumours of, 325;
proclamation of, 467
Pelissier, Marshal, succeeds General Canrobert, 264;
created a marshal, 372;
his review of the British troops, 454-456
Pennefather, Brigadier-General, 25, 169
Pera, district of, 38
Perekop, its defences, 495
Peroffsky, mined chateau of, 475
Phoros, visit to, 475;
obstacles at, 476, 477
Pickets, affair of, 187
Piedmont, political situation of, 310;
character of her army, 311
_Pluton_, the, 8
Polish deserters, 191, 234, 387
Post-house, imperial, in Sebastopol, 130
Potteries district, 252
Powell, Captain, 55, 166
Press, its faithfulness and ability, and its support of the ministry, 2, 3
Promotions of officers, 420
Provisions, prices of, at Gallipoli, 24;
general depôt for, 201;
dearness of, at Balaklava, 213;
want of apparatus for cooking, 478
Purchase system, evils of the, 465-467
Quarantine battery, contentions for the, 191
Quarries, capture of the, 284;
continued contests for the, 285;
batteries of the, 338
Races in the Crimea, 234, 265
Rafts, Russian, capture of, 517
Raglan, Lord, the British Commander-in-Chief, his arrival at Gallipoli, 27;
his conference with Omar Pasha at Varna, 34;
visits the Turkish encampment, _ib._;
his head-quarters at Scutari, 32;
his review of the troops, 94;
his want of communication with General Evans, 98;
his strong political feelings and aristocratic prejudices, 104;
an accomplished gentleman, but no general, 105;
his operations against Sebastopol, 140 _et seq._;
his orders at Balaklava, 158, 159, 161;
his despatch after the battle of the Tchernaya, 163;
his death, 299;
his qualities, 300;
succeeded by General Simpson, 301
Railway road, its formation in the Crimea, 213, _note_, 214;
brought into use, 232
Railway train, accident with the, 249
Railway works, 441
Ranken, Major, death of, 458
Rations, ill supply of, 17;
scarce supply of, 440
Reade, Mr., death of, 139
Reconnaissance, preparations for, 220;
frustrated, 222
Red tape and routine business, 208, 212
Redan, defences of the, 253;
unsuccessful attack on the, 291, 292;
great losses sustained, 292-294;
final attack on the, 346 _et seq._;
plan of assault, 344, 345;
description of the interior, 349 _et seq._;
failure of the English attack, 350;
detailed account of the conflict 351 _et seq._;
causes of the repulse, 356;
tremendous losses sustained thereby, 354, 355, 357-359;
ruin and desolation of the, 367;
number of guns captured in the, 383;
melancholy accident in the, 433
Redschid Pasha, the Turkish commander in the Sea of Azoff, 265
Reid, Sir W., 7
Rifle-pits, position of the, 241;
attacks on, and severe contests for the, 242, 243, 244, 253-255, 259
Riza Pacha, 34
Road-making, 375, 421;
difficulties of, 388
Roads, 198;
round Sebastopol, 441;
one from Balaklava to Kadikoi, 442
Rocket practice, its effects, 258
Ros, Lord de, quartermaster-general, 27;
his interview with Omar Pasha, 33
Rose, Brig-Gen., commissioner for the British army, 88
Round Tower of Sebastopol, defences of the, 253;
desperate contests for the, 285
Russia, causes of the war with, 1;
her spirit of aggression, 1, 2;
her armies on the Danube, 33;
and their siege of Silistria, 48;
death of the Emperor of, 236
Russian forces in the Crimea, 60;
their encampment bombarded by the Allied fleet, 89;
first encounter with the, 94, 95;
their determined bravery at the battle of the Alma, 103, 107-109;
their position, 106, 123;
their defeat, 113, 114, 125;
their retreat towards Simpheropol, 120;
their numbers, 123;
their loss in the battle, 126;
their defences on the north of Sebastopol, 133;
their movements _ib._;
their defence of Sebastopol, 149 _et seq._;
their manoeuvring, 155, 159, 193;
their attack from the Tchernaya, 151, 193;
their cavalry defeated, 155;
their retreat from Balaklava, 160;
their fortified position, 166;
surprise the British at Inkerman, 168;
their desperate attack, 171;
defeated, 172;
formation of the army, 177;
their uniform and weapons, 177, 178;
their general appearance, 177, 178;
their devotion to their officers, _ib._;
their barbarity to our men, _ib._;
their furious conflicts, 214, 216, 227, 239, 242 _et seq._;
receive reinforcements from Sebastopol, 243;
their great losses, 246;
their contests for the rifle-pits, 253, 254;
their movements towards the Tchernaya, 263;
their furious attack, and defeat, 263-265;
destruction of their ports, corn, and shipping, in the Sea of Azoff, 270;
continue to receive supplies of men and food, 306;
defeated at the battle of Tchernaya, 318;
the divisions engaged in the battle at Tchernaya, _ib._;
concentration of the, 330;
their distressed condition, 339;
lose the Malakoff, and retreat to the north side of Sebastopol, 343;
their retreat after the capture of the Malakoff, 360, 361;
ability of their engineers, 362;
their operations after the fall of Sebastopol, 372, 373;
their defences and activity on the north side of Sebastopol, 376;
their firing, 380;
their miserable state after the capture of Sebastopol, 387;
their continued firing, 388;
capture of their immense rafts in the Dnieper, 417;
apprehensions of their renewed attacks, 435;
their threatening movements, 443, 446;
their attempt to surprise, 446;
their continued firing, 451;
their military music, 471;
their fleet submerged, 472, 473;
their mutual intercourse with the Allies, 465;
their mines, 493;
their immense losses in the Crimea, 496, 497
Russian New Year, opening of the, 200
Russian officer discovered at Eupatoria, 84
Russian song on the war, 470
Rustum, Pasha of Adrianople, 15
Sailor, his comparative comforts, 72
Sailors, British, their good-natured assistance to the troops, 86, 87
Sailors' batteries, their activity, 247, 249
Sailors' brigade, their severe losses, 253
St. Arnaud, Marshal, his arrival at Gallipoli, 30;
dines with the Sultan, 33;
his conference with Omar Pasha, at Varna, 34;
his vigour and coolness, 61;
his declaration to the army, on embarking for the Crimea, 66;
seized with illness, 74;
reviews the troops, 94;
explains his plan of battle, 97;
death, 139
St. Laurent, M., death of, 248
Salt lakes of the Crimea, 266, 495
Saltmarshe, Lieutenant, death of, 65
Sanatorium at Balaklava, 240
Sappers and Miners at Varna, 43
Sardinians, their arrival at the Crimea, 264;
their soldierlike equipments, _ib._;
their character as soldiers, 311, 492;
their skill and bravery at the battle of the Tchernaya, 316-318;
their departure from the Crimea, 492;
general orders respecting, _ib._
Saros, Gulf of, 16
Scarlett, Brigadier-General, 52;
at Balaklava, 157
Schapan, on the coast of the Crimea, 79
Scutari, arrival of troops at, 23;
the Alied forces at, 31, 32;
departure from, 36
Sea, life at, 72
Sea-passage, the, 9 _et seq._
SEBASTOPOL, orders for besieging, 56;
report respecting, 59;
reconnoitring of, 76;
forces of, 89;
its northern defences, 133;
south of, occupied by the Allies, 138;
investment of, and commencement of the siege, 140;
operations against, 141;
first sortie, 143;
the line of operations, 143, 144;
difficulties of the ground, 146;
the Russian defence, _ib._;
the first bombardment, _ib._;
effects of the fire upon, 146, 147;
the Russian manoeuvres, 151;
its continued defence, 186;
its great strength, 211;
the tales of the siege, 193 _et seq._;
during the winter, 195 _et seq._;
reconnaissance of, 206;
Russian defences of, 206, 207;
furious contests before, 214;
a good view of, 224;
its general appearance, 225;
cannonading of, 227;
ships sunk in the harbour of, 228;
active operations against, 229, 231;
Russian reinforcements, 243;
furious struggles for, 244;
a number of officers killed and wounded, 244, 245;
its general defences, 248, 249;
desultory contests, 249;
continued bombardment of, 250 _et seq._;
the various batteries brought against, 252;
its ruinous condition, 253;
renewed operations against, 282;
preparations for the general attack, _ib._;
capture of the Mamelon and Quarries, 284;
and further struggles, 285 _et seq._;
positions of the contending parties, 303 _et seq._;
principal events of the siege, 304-306;
the writer's opinions as to its capture, 308;
letter of a Russian lady respecting, 309;
ominous preparations for the final assault, 312, 313;
crisis of the siege, 330;
commencement of the sixth and last bombardment, 334;
aspect of the city from Cathcart's Hill, _ib._;
tremendous bombardment of, 335, 339;
frightful state of the town, 339, 348;
in flames, 341;
the Russians retreat to the north side on
the capture of the Malakoff, 343, 360, 361;
visit to the city after its capture, 362;
plunder taken from, 363;
hospital of, 364;
general review of the great struggle, 370;
the Russian defences on the north side of, 376;
the mixed commission appointed for adjudicating the spoils of, 381-385;
materials and build of the forts of, 388;
ruins of, 387-389;
Russian account of its capture, 389;
state of affairs in, 420;
want of proper system and organization, 421;
proceedings of the mixed commission on the division of the spoils, 381-385;
how the city might have been taken, 436;
spoils of, contribute to the comfort of the army, 438;
sales of the different articles, _ib._;
destruction of the docks, 451-453;
the city a mass of ruins, 454;
reflections on the siege, 468 _et seq._;
northern forts of, 472
Seymour, Lieut.-Colonel, slain, 170
Shipping of the Russians, sunk in the harbour of Sebastopol, 228;
on fire, 340;
sunk and destroyed, 341
Ships of war engaged in the Crimean expedition, 67
Shumla, Turkish forces at, 34
Sick, comforts for the, 378
Sickness of the British troops, 196, 209, 217;
in the French camp, 198, 209, 218
Siege works, formidable progress of the, 236, 308, 322
Sievernaya, the, 133, 309;
defence of the, 133
Silistria, bombardment by the Russians, 34;
siege of, raised, 48
Simeis, Tartar village of, 481
_Simoom_, her arrival at Malta, 5
Simpheropol, typhus-haunted streets of, 473
Simpson, General, succeeds Lord Raglan as Commander-in-Chief, 300;
not suited for the position of Commander-in-Chief, _ib._;
his order of the day announcing his appointment to the command, 301;
his personal staff, _ib._;
receives the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour, 372;
his despatch respecting the operations on the 8th of September, 390;
his failure as a commander, 424;
suspended, _ib._;
his farewell address, _ib._
Sinope, slaughter of, avenged, 370
Sivash, waters of the, 495
Snow-storm, effects of one, 221-223
Social vultures, 445
Soldier, his hardships, 72
Soldiers, British, their devoted heroism, 2;
their departure for Gallipoli, 9;
their voyage, 9 _et seq._;
their arrival at the Dardanelles, 12;
quartered at Gallipoli, 15;
deficiency of accommodation for the, 16;
their difficulties at Gallipoli, 17;
their arrival in the Bosphorus, 23;
their uniforms, 18;
their complaints 46;
their disposition, 33;
their games and amusements, 35;
their sufferings at Varna, 62;
their landing at Eupatoria, 84;
want of accommodation for, 89;
sickness among, 91;
their operations and bravery at the battle of the Alma, 107 _et seq._;
enter Balaklava, 137;
their siege and bombardment of Sebastopol, 140 _et seq._;
surprised at Inkerman, 168;
their want of clothing, 179;
their distressing position, 180 _et seq._;
their heroism, 199;
continual drain of, 209, 210;
effect of the author's statements, _ib._;
their armament, 305;
their severe losses, 354, 355, 357-359;
not equal to the French as labourers, 389;
their increased comforts, 437, 441;
grand review of the, 454;
their splendid appearance, 455, 456
Soyer, M., at the Crimea, 328;
his system of cookery, _ib._
Spahis, their capture of cattle, 91, 92
Spencer, Hon. General A., commander of the expedition to Eupatoria, 394
Spirit vendors, their abominable articles, 445;
expelled the Crimea, _ib._
Sports of the camp, 234
Spring, sports of the, 234;
its genial influence, 239
Spy, Russian, in the trenches, 210;
his information trustworthy, 216
Squadrons, English and French, their formidable array before Odessa, 399, 400;
their plan of operations in the expedition to the Bay of Cherson, 406-409;
their attack on Kinburn, 407 _et seq._;
compel its surrender, 411;
their departure from the Bay of Cherson, 417, 419
Strangways, General Fox, slain at Inkerman, 171
Staff of General Simpson, 301
Stanislaff, threatened attack on, 417
Star fort, in Sebastopol, 138, 309
Steamers, Russian, sunk at Sebastopol, 370
Stewart, Admiral Houston, 7;
his operations in Cherson Bay, 413, 414
Storms, in the Mediterranean, 9;
in the Dardanelles, 26;
their fatal effects, 33, 34, 180-186;
in the Crimea, 449
Sullivan, Colonel, 15
Supplies received by the Russians, 306
Surgeons of the Crimean army, official neglect of, 385
Suttlers, their rapacity, 445
Surgery of the English, its skill, 439
Taganrog, attack on, 270
Taioutine regiment, 133
Takli Bournou, Cape of, 266
Taman, coast of, 266
Tarkan Cape, promontory of, 73, 77
Tartar race of the Crimea, 88, 475;
their friendliness, 92;
their ruined villages, 478, 479
Tartars of Kertch, 272
Tchernaya, the river, 133;
occupied by the Russian infantry, 152;
the adjoining country, 153;
the Russians advance from the, 154, 155;
despatch of General Evans after the battle, 161-163;
attack on the, 315;
position of the, _ib._;
battle of the, 316 _et seq._;
the Russians defeated at, 318;
a review of the battle-field, struggle
between the French and the Russians, 319;
fire of the English battery, 320;
last effort of the Russians, _ib._;
their retreat, _ib._;
memorials of the fight, 322;
excursion to the, after the armistice, 483
Tchongar, its defences, 495
Telegraph, information by, 421;
at Alma, 486
Tenedos, Mount, 12
Thaw, effects of a, 199, 200
Theatre, play-bill of the, 329;
acting in the, 329, 330
Therapia, number of wounded officers at, 311
Thomas, General, at the Alma, 102
Thompson, Dr., 129;
death of, 139
Tice, Dr., 42
_Times_, commissioner, various articles sent by the, 196;
his valuable supplies to the troops, _ib._
Timoyoieff, General, his negotiations respecting the armistice, 459;
characteristics of, 461
Tornado, its violence, 368
Torrens, Brig.-General, at Inkerman, 169
Traktir, hamlet of, 137
Traktir bridge, novel scene at the, 458 _et seq._;
armistice signed at the, 462
Transport, want of, at Varna, 46
Transports to the Crimea, 70
Trenches, terrible state of the, 197;
conversations in the, 261;
service in the, 331
Troad, the, 12
Trochu, Colonel, 56
Truce, flags of, 389;
See _Armistice_
Tryon, Lieut., death of, 190
Turco-Egyptian troops at Varna, 49
Turkey, her independence menaced, 1;
protection of her Christian subjects, 2;
her need of reform, 20
Turkish commission, its difficulties, 19
Turkish forces, strength of the, 34
TURKS, their opinion of the English and the French, 18;
their apathy, 29, 35;
at Sebastopol, 145;
their redoubts, 153;
their flight from the Russian attack, 154;
employed in the trenches, 165;
their inefficiency, 165, 166;
their dreadful state in Balaklava, 192;
their removal from Balaklava, 235;
15,000 infantry join the besiegers before Sebastopol, 254;
their dress and appearance, _ib._;
reconnaissance by the, 256;
their position in Asia Minor, 306;
their plundering disposition, 313, 314
Turner, Commissary-General, 15
Tylden, Brigadier-General, of the Engineers, death of, 128
Unett, Colonel, killed, 346
Uniforms of the French and English, 18
Upton, Mr., capture of, 138
Valetta, arrival of the British troops at, 5;
of the French troops, 6, 8
_Valetta_, the transport, 8
Varna, conferences at, between Omar Pasha and the Allied generals, 34;
departure of the troops at, 36;
arrival at, _ib._;
town of, described, 40, 41;
march from, 41;
improvements at, 43;
surrounding country of, _ib._;
animals of, _ib._;
natives of, _ib._;
inconveniences at, 45;
further arrival of troops at, 48, 49;
council of war at, 55;
cholera at, 57;
great fire at, 61;
council of war at, 63;
determine on invading the Crimea, _ib._;
the army embarks from, 70
Varnutka, valley of, 475
Vatika Bay, landing at, 11
Vegetables and fruits, mismanagement in their supply, 217
Veliki, Lake of, 495
Vicars, Captain, killed, 245
Victor, Colonel, 9
Victoria, Queen, celebration of her birthday in Turkey, 35
Vivandière, the, 21
Wallachia occupied by Omar Pasha, 54
Walpole, Mr., leader of the Indian Osmanli, 55
Walsham, Lieutenant, 119
War, its false economy, 36, 45;
dreadful picture of the horrors of, 97 _et seq._;
havoc of, 360 _et seq._
Warren, Colonel, his bravery at the Alma, 118
Weare, Captain, 119
Weather, improvements in the, 214;
state of the, 217;
returning mildness of the, 235;
effects of the, 251
Wellington, Duke of, his circular to commanding officers in 1812, 390-392
Wells of the Crimea, 484, 494
Welsh Fusileers, monument to their officers slain at the Alma, 491
Wetherall, Colonel, 185
"Whistling Dick," 165
White buildings of Sebastopol, destruction of the, 457
Whitmore, Captain, 15
Wild-fowl shooting in the Crimea, 203, 234
Wild-fowl of the Crimea, 233
Windham, Colonel, bravery of, 346, 349, 350;
goes for assistance, 349;
his promotion, 420
Winter of 1855, four months of, 440;
its severity, 445
Winter encampments round Sebastopol, 193 _et seq._;
requisitions, &c., evil system of, 194, 208
Winter quarters, preparations for, 166, 438
Wolff, Admiral, 270
Woronzoff, Colonel, palace of, 483
Woronzoff Road, 144, 310, 340, 342, 343
Wrangel, General Von, his hospitality, 495
Yalta, visit to, 476
Yea, Colonel, 118
Yellon, Deputy-Assistant-Commissary, killed, 432
Yenikale, capture of, 267;
town of, 270;
destruction and plunder at, 267-269
Yursakova, town of, 67
Yusuf, General, 51, 57
Zouaves, their dress and appearance, 22;
their martial bearing and equipments, 27, 28;
their pillaging propensities, 91, 195, 223;
their bravery at the Alma, 102;
at the Tchernaya, 155;
at Inkerman, 171;
our gay and gallant friends, 195;
their activity and bravery, 242;
review of the, 260;
their capture of the Mamelon, 284
FOOTNOTES:
[1] The letter which appeared in the _Times_ giving an account of the
Battle of the Alma was written at a plank which Captain Montagu's
sappers put on two barrels to form a table.
[2] The districts which were the scenes of such brutal excesses in the
suppression of a conspiracy are not in Bulgaria.
[3] The 3rd Battalion Grenadier Guards, and 1st Battalion Coldstream
Guards. The 1st Battalion Scots Fusilier Guards embarked on February
28th.
[4] This was a timely warning--almost a prophetic warning--sounded
long ere a British soldier set foot in the East.
[5] It is a fact that at one time the Turks were busily engaged
strengthening the batteries at the entrance of the Dardanelles, in
order to prevent the entrance of the Allied fleets without their
consent.
[6] It did happen that a Russian man-of-war very nearly captured one
of our screw transports off the mouth of the Bosphorus as she was
running up to Varna with the commissariat chest full of gold on board.
[7] The French aver that it was our tardiness.
[8] Now Lord Strathnairn.
[9] It seems to have been a sort of passion with the French to be
"the first" to do everything--or was it a passion with our generals
to be second? Our allies were the first at Gallipoli, first at
Varna, first in the Crimea--all our attacks depended on them. They
attacked first at the Alma, and when they turned the Russian right our
attack was to take place. They also attacked first in the two great
assaults, and our assaults were made to depend on the success of their
demonstrations.
[10] No. 1 company of the 22nd Royal Welsh Fusileers now claim the
honour, and Colonel Lysons, who was in the boat along with Lieutenant
Drew, asserts that he was the first man to spring on shore.
[11] Lord Raglan and staff, and several officers of rank, remained on
board ship that night. His lordship did not take up his quarters on
shore till the next day.
[12] They were thrown out of the commissariat araba, in which they had
been placed by order of the Commissariat-General, and were abandoned
to the Cossacks, so I never saw them again. It was found necessary to
make room for some of the reserve ammunition which had been stowed in
arabas that broke down on the march.
[13] He must mean a few sotnias of Cossacks. The cavalry were on the
right flank.
[14] As an instance of the difficulty of obtaining accurate
information respecting the incidents of a general action, I may
state that Captain Henry, an officer promoted from the ranks for his
distinguished bravery, and who has received the Order of Victoria,
told me that the guns were taken over a bridge, and not over a
ford--that he was with the first gun, that no wheeler was killed,
and that he fired _only_ on Russian _infantry_, and never directed a
_round_ against the Russian _guns_. In most of these statements it is
probable the gallant officer was mistaken, although actually present.
[15] Since this was written, it appears that the Crimea is to be
blessed with a Russian railroad to Theodosia; but it is doubtful
whether it will be used for other and better objects than that for
which the rail was first laid down on its soil.
[16] This was written on the 22nd of February, 1855. On the 9th of
September the enemy retired to the north side, where they remained
when we left the Crimea.
[17] Mr. Gould, the ornithologist, informs me that the Crimea is not,
to his knowledge, among the habitats of the "summer duck."
[18] This suggestion was acted on, and sanitary commissioners were
sent out later in the year.
[19] Mr. Beatty, the able, kind, and deserving gentleman who was in
charge of the line, received injuries which laid the foundation of a
disease that afterwards proved fatal.
[20] Sir Stephen Lushington, in his Report, seems to have been under
the impression that the ladders were properly placed. He laboured
under a grave delusion.
[21] The creation of an Order of Merit and Valour, which I took
every occasion of recommending, and for which I suggested the
name "Victoria" in one of my letters, as the most expressive and
appropriate, has since been carried out.
[22] It was, as I have since heard, caused by a barrel of tar at the
top of the shears, which was placed there in order to light up the
dockyards, where the Russians were embarking their wounded and stores
for the north side.
[23] On the 18th June, Lord Raglan and Staff were stationed in the
parallel of the Right Attack, close behind the Quarries, where they
were exposed to heavy fire, but were close to the scene of the
assault. The position in which General Simpson was placed by the
Engineers was far from the Redan, and was separated from the trenches
by the Woronzoff Ravine.
[24] A private named O'Brien led them, or at least was the first
to leap out of the trench, and was shot through the back as he was
crossing the ditch by a Russian above him.
[25] Very unfavourable comments have been made upon Major-General
(then Colonel and acting Brigadier) Windham's conduct in leaving the
Redan at such a moment, and some French officers did not hesitate
to speak of his "desertion" of his men, as they called it, in the
severest terms. I have therefore thought it advisable to give the
lengthened statement, which was furnished to me on the best authority
the very day after the assault, of the motives which led General
Windham to quit the Redan, and of the circumstances which preceded
and followed that proceeding. I offer no opinion on the merits of
the controversy. I merely state what were presented to me--I believe
correctly--as facts by one who ought to have been conversant with
them.--W. H. RUSSELL.
[26] Sir W. Codrington, who acted with great gallantry at the Alma,
and who proved himself a most careful and excellent Brigadier and a
zealous General of Division, denied at the time, in a letter which
came under my notice, that he was at all discomposed by the untoward
events of the 8th of September. But a man, under such circumstances,
is not the best judge of his own acts; and though I have the highest
admiration for General Codrington's bravery, honesty, simplicity of
mind, and character, and soldierly qualities, I think it right to
retain the statement which I made on the faith of officers who had
opportunities of observing him on that day, when he was indeed charged
with enormous responsibility, and subjected to the severest test by
which a general can be tried.
[27] Joined the squadron at Odessa.
[28] "Je suis radicalement opposé."
[29] "Do not attack Odessa unless you are certain of succeeding."
[30] The ascent of the Bug or the Dnieper is only to be attempted by
vessels with shot-proof screens and proof decks, inasmuch as every man
could be picked off the decks by Minié riflemen, unless the banks of
the river were cleared by troops in numbers sufficient to beat back
the enemy as they advanced. In spite of our operations in the Sea of
Azoff, let it be remembered that we did not reduce Arabat or Genitchi,
and that the Russians had free use of the Spit. The water of the sea
is frozen in winter to the distance of several miles, so that no boat
can approach to prevent the passage of troops or convoys. Had Arabat
fallen, and an expedition landed at Kaffa or Theodosia, we should have
been masters of the Peninsula of Kertch.
The want of wisdom and foresight of most of our military operations in
burning, laying waste, and blowing up, was never better exemplified
than at Kertch. There was a very fine barrack near the quarantine
station, on the Bay of Kertch, recently built, provided with every
comfort, and well supplied with water from a deep well, and with
capacious tanks. In the ordinary exercise of reason these buildings
should have been preserved, inasmuch as it had been determined to
keep a British force at Kertch; but, before Sir George Brown left,
they were burnt and reduced to a heap of blackened ruins. During the
following winter, with infinite labour and trouble, and at prodigious
expense, we were obliged to _send the materials for huts_ to Kertch,
and drag them up close to the site of the barracks, where they formed
a very poor protection against the weather in comparison with the
substantial buildings which we destroyed. As the tanks were ruined and
the well spoiled, the men were compelled to drag water a distance of
three miles to their new residence.
[31] I do not allude to the advice given by Sir de Lacy Evans, who
was so strongly impressed with the falseness and insecurity of our
position in a military sense, that he recommended Lord Raglan to
retire from it, as much as to the opinions of those generals who
maintained that we had no business in the Crimea at all.
[32] Notwithstanding a reckless assertion in Major Calthorpe's
letters, I have the best authority for reiterating the statement that
Lord Lyons looked with disfavour on the flank march.
[33] The Russians, it will be said, were on the north side, and yet
they could not drive us out of the south side. But the Russians had no
fleet. Even as it was, we never were in strong military force on the
south side, and our boats never ventured on the waters of the harbour.
[34] Every officer of the Crimean army will readily concur with me in
saying that a kindlier, more zealous, or more able public servant than
Mr. Beatty never existed. We all deeply regretted his death.
[35] Major-General Barnard.
[36] A very accurate and interesting memorial has been written by
Captain Brine, R.E., illustrated with admirable sketches by Major the
Hon. E. Colborne, and published by Ackerman, Regent Street.
* * * * *
Typographical errors corrected by the etext transcriber:
Je suis radicalement oppose=> Je suis radicalement opposé {pg 401}
Light Divison=> Light Division {pg 49}
appeared to be be kept=> appeared to be kept {pg 49}
opportuity=> opportunity {pg 111}
crosssd=> crossed {pg 124}
Divison=> Division {pg 134}
Lancastar=> Lancaster {pg 146}
havresacks=> haversacks {pg 148}
of of => of {pg 163}
Quarantime Fort=> Quarantine Fort {pg 164}
earthworth of quadrilateral form=> earthwork of quadrilateral form {pg
166}
halycon=> halcyon {pg 184}
prepared againts=> prepared against {pg 188}
enciente=> enceinte {pg 191}
suggested by by=> suggested by {pg 192}
could not not describe=> could not describe {pg 192}
dysentry=> dysentery {pg 198}
beame=> became {pg 201}
maison bruleé=> maison brulée {pg 206}
parrallels=> parallels {pg 206}
the managment=> the management {pg 215}
The Navvy's Barrow=> The Navy's Barrow {pg 211}
Scarely=> Scarcely {pg 222}
seriously disabled=> seriously disable {pg 237}
twiced blessed=> twice blessed {pg 240}
Chasseurs Indigenes=> Chasseurs Indigènes {pg 260}
bear the whole brunt=> bears the whole brunt {pg 261}
between=> beween {pg 264}
these was sometimes=> there was sometimes {pg 273}
The Austrian Consul was found to have a large store of corn, which he
concealed in magazines painted and decorated to pass as part of his
dwelling-house. It was all destroyed. Amid the necessary destruction,
private plunderers found facility for their work. Along the quay there
was a long line of walls, which once were the fronts of store-houses,
magazines, mansions, and palaces. They soon became empty shells, hollow
and roofless, with fire burning luridly within them by night, and
streaks and clouds of parti-coloured smoke arising from them by day. The
white walls were barred with black bands where the fire had rushed out
of the window-frames. These store-houses belonged to Russians, and were
full of corn--these magazines were the enemy's--these mansions belonged
to their nobles and governors--and these palaces were the residences of
their princes and rulers; and so far we carried on war with all the
privileges of war, and used all the consequences of conquest. In the
whole lengthened front facing the sea, and the wide quay which borders
it, there was not an edifice untouched but one. This was a fine mansion,
with a grand semicircular front, ornamented with rich entablatures and a
few Grecian pillars. The windows permitted one to see massive mirrors
and the framework of pictures and the glitter of brasswork. Inside the
open door an old man in an arm-chair received everybody. How deferential
he was! how he bowed! how graceful, deprecatory, and soothing the
modulation of his trunk and arms! But these were nothing to his smile.
His face seemed a kind of laughing-clock, wound up to act for so many
hours. When the machinery was feeble, towards evening, the laugh
degenerated into a grin, but he managed with nods, and cheeks wreathed
in smiles, and a little bad German and French, to inform all comers that
this house was specially under English and French protection, to save it
from plunder and pillage. The house belonged, _on dit_, to Prince
Woronzoff, and the guardian angel was an aged servitor of the Prince.
Being paralytic, he was left behind; and did good service in his
arm-chair.
The silence and desolation of places which a few days before were full
of people, were exceedingly painful and distressing. They were found in
every street, almost in every house, except when the noise of gentlemen
playing on pianos with their boot-heels or breaking up furniture was
heard within the houses or the flames crackled within the walls. In some
instances the people had hoisted the French or Sardinian flag to protect
their houses. That poor device was soon detected and frustrated. It was
astonishing to find that the humblest dwellings had not escaped. They
must have been invaded for the mere purpose of outrage and from the love
of mischief, for the most miserable of men could have but little hope of
discovering within them booty worthy of his notice.=> Repeat of Page 276
removed {pg 279-280}
Kertch and Yenikalè=> Kertch and Yenikale {pg 281 x 2}
Bastion du Mat=> Bastion du Mât {pg 305, 508}
confiedently affirmed=> confidently affirmed {pg 329}
Divisoin=> Division {pg 346}
her novel birth=> her novel berth {pg 369}
RESOURCES THE OF RUSSIANS=> RESOURCES OF THE RUSSIANS {pg 373}
on the 13th it marked 20° Fahrenheit=> on the 15th it marked 20°
Fahrenheit {pg 448}
teh bugle=> the bugle {pg 450}
Tchnernaya=> Tchernaya {pg 457}
why the deuce doesn't go it off=> why the deuce doesn't it go off {pg
457}
them came a big puff=> then came a big puff {pg 458}
widely-spead rumour=> widely-spread rumour {pg 467}
neigbourhood=> neighbourhood {pg 475}
gaud jays=> gaudy jays {pg 475}
Petersburgh=> Petersburg {pg 488}
house of fine fine=> house of fine {pg 489}
have surrenderad=> have surrendered {pg 494}
CATCHCART'S HILL=> CATHCART'S HILL {pg 499}
I must point out out=> I must point out {pg 525}
consesequence=> consequence {pg 537}
with the ocnsent=> with the consent {pg 544}