_harawan wake_ = bean straw used as fodder.
_kowar wake_ = bean pods or husks.
_jimḅirin wake_ = immature bean pods used as a vegetable often
uncooked.
The following saying is applied to the bean:—“_na gazawa garkuwar
maiḳi niḳa, ka ḳi fari uku, ka ḳi a gona, ka ḳi a tukunya,
ka ḳi a chiki_.” These are nicknames for the bean, which is both
an unprofitable crop and an inconvenient and coarse kind of food,
but the stranger goes home and describes them as novelties which he
has seen—the bane of the indolent who will not take the trouble to
grind it—in the field it occupies more space than its value—in
the pot it requires long cooking—in the stomach it disagrees.
=waken Ankwai=, =waken bisa=, a large climbing bean, cultivated
in some districts; probably the white-seeded var. of
Canavalia ensiformis, DC. “Sword Bean,” _vide_ under
=ḅarankachi=. (_Ankwai_, a pagan tribe in Muri).
=waken baibayi= or =waken Gwari=, Dolichos Lablab, Linn. A cultivated
climbing bean on fences, trees near houses, or on hut roofs, &c.;
called also =w. damfami=, =w. darni=, &c.
=waken barewa= or =waken damo=, Vigna membranacea, A. Rich. and other
spp. Wild twining beans in fields &c. _vide_ =gayan gayan=. (Vigna
vexillata, Benth. Vigna pubigera, Baker, &c.).
=waken gizo=, Vigna triloba, Walp. A bean twining on fences,
&c. greatly resembling the common cultivated bean; eaten by goats,
&c. The saying _ka yi ḍiya ka watsas_, is used of this (from the
scattering of the seeds when the pods burst).
=waken tumḳa=, _vide_ =yawa=.
=waken Turawa= or =waken Masar=, W. Stambul, &c. Cajanus indicus,
Spreng. “Congo Pea,” “Pigeon Pea.” An erect shrub introduced
for cultivation. A form of Indian “dal.”
=walkin tsofo= or =walkin wawa=, Trichodesma africanum,
R. Br. (Boragineæ); a coarse herb with white flowers, common near
villages, &c. (Etym. “old man’s” or “fool’s apron”).
=wasa wasa=, a food made of beans; _vide_ under =wake=.
=wayo=, a var. of =dawa=, _q.v._
=wutar barewa=, a species of fungus; _vide_ under =tumukun suri=.
=wuta wuta=, _vide_ =ḳuduji=.
=wutsiyar ḅera=, _vide_ =tsarkiyar kusu=.
=wutsiyar damo=, _vide_ =karan masallachi=.
=wutsiyar giwa=, _vide_ =gabara=.
=wutsiyar jaki=, _vide_ =katsaimu=.
=wutsiyar ḳadangare=, _vide_ =tsarkiyar kusu=.
=wutsiyar kurege= or =bundin kurege=, a grass about 12 to 18 inches
high, with a bottle-brush-like flowering spike. A name somewhat
loosely applied, and including Trichopteryx hordeiformis, Stapf,
and Perotis latifolia, Ait.
=wutsiyar kusu= or =w. ḅera=, _vide_ =tsarkiyar kusu= and =shinaka=.
=wutsiyar raḳumi=, Platycoryne paludosa, Rolfe (Orchideæ). A
small ground orchid with orange-coloured flowers. (Etym. from the
long spur of the flower; probably applied to several orchids with
spurred flowers).
=wuyan bajimi=, a var. of =gero=, _q.v._
=wuyan damo=, Combretum leonense, Engl. and Diels. and perhaps other
spp. (Combretaceæ). A tree with corrugated bark and 4-winged fruit;
a gum yielder; bark used as an astringent medicine. (Etym. from the
rough scaly bark resembling the skin of the large lizard, _damo_,
Varanus exanthematicus).
=Y=
=ya=, a species of fig-tree; _vide_ =wa=.
=yaḅi= = arrow-poison; _vide_ =kwankwani=. (_yaḅa_ = to
smear). Syn. =zabgai=.
=yabainya= (Kano), the young plants of =dawa= or =gero=, (which
contain prussic acid and are in some circumstances highly poisonous
until they reach a certain stage of growth).
=yaḍiya=, Leptadenia lancifolia, Decne. (Asclepiadeæ). A common
twiner with half-succulent leaves and a thick greenish sap; leaves
and flowers used as food, and bark for fibre.
=yaḍiyar kada=, Taccazea Barteri, Baill. (Apocynaceæ). A twiner
with milky juice, common on trees, &c. near streams; (including
other species).
=yaji= or =yan yaji=, a general name for spice; _vide_ =chitta=,
=kubla=, &c.
=ya ḳi ruwan Allah=, _vide_ under =kwarko=.
=yako= (Sok. and Kats.), Ipomœa pilosa, Sweet, and other
spp. (Convolvulaceæ). A rough-leaved convolvulus common on fences,
&c. in towns; _vide_ under =barmatabo=. The dried leaves form a
medicine called _dankon kuyangi_.
=yakuwa=, Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Linn. (Malvaceæ). “Red Sorrel,”
“Rosella.” A cultivated plant with acid leaves and succulent
calyx (usually red in colour), used as a vegetable. Syn. =sure=
(Sok.). _gurguzu_ = seeds of =yakuwa=; _daudawar beso_ = seeds boiled
and crushed and the oil extracted, used for soup and as a medicinal
vehicle. _zoḅarodo_ = the fleshy calyces of =yakuwa= used in food,
as a beverage, &c.
=yakuwar fatake= or =y. mahalba=, _vide_ =ayana= and =buḍa yau=.
=yakuwar ḳaya=, =y. kwaḍi=, =y. daji=, =y. ḳaimamowa=, &c. =
wild varieties of Hibiscus cannabinus, Linn. a very variable plant;
_vide_ =ḳarama mowa= and =rama=.
=yalo=, a variety of the native tomato; _vide_ under =gauta=.
=yama=, a common tall grass of meadows, &c. Cymbopogon rufus,
Kunth. used for _zana_ and thatch.
=yamḅururu= (Sok.), Merremia angustifolia,
Hill. fil. (Convolvulaceæ). A prostrate convolvulus with narrow
leaves, wiry stems, and small pale yellowish flowers. In some
districts called =gadon machiji=, _q.v._ Syn. =gammon bawa=, _q.v._
The name =yamḅururu= in Kontagora and elsewhere = Ipomœa eriocarpa,
R. Br. and other spp.; the smaller variety of twining convolvulus
common on fences, &c.
=ya manya= (Sok.), _vide_ =kain fakara=.
=yanbama= (Sok.), Pennisetum Benthamii, Steud. _var._ (Gramineæ),
a tall grass, 6 to 8 feet high, with cylindrical flower-spike like
a smaller =gero=. “Elephant Grass.” _cf._ =dawar kada=.
=yandi=, a large tree used in native house-building. Ficus sp.
=yan guriya= = cotton seed; _vide_ under =abduga=.
=yar gari=, a var. of cotton; _vide_ under =abduga=.
=yaro da dariya=, _vide_ under =kwaruru=.
=yaro da manda=, a var. of bean; _vide_ under =wake=.
=yaron kogi=, _vide_ under =ḳaidajin ruwa=.
=yar unguwa=, _vide_ =gasaya=.
=yaryaḍi=, 1. Ipomœa sp. (Convolvulaceæ). A convolvulus
or “Morning glory” (probably including several
species). 2. =yaryaḍi= or =yaryaḍin gona=, a wild leguminous
twiner with hairy leaves and pods in clusters. Vigna luteola,
Benth. var. villosa, Baker.
=yaryaḍin kura= (Katagum), Gymnema sylvestre,
R. Br. (Asclepiadeæ). A twiner with milky juice.
=ya tabshi=, a var. of the cotton plant; _vide_ under =abduga=.
=yatsa biat=, _vide_ =hannu biat=.
=ya tsauri=, a var. of the cotton plant; _vide_ under =abduga=.
=yauḍo=, =yabḍo=, or =yoḍo= (Sok.), Ceratotheca sesamoides,
Endl. (Pedaliaceæ). A herb related to sesame (_vide_ =riḍi=), with
mucilaginous juice and pink flowers; used in soup and medicinally;
added to cereals and pulses to give cohesion in preparing various
comestibles. (Etym. probably from the viscid sap). Syn. =karkashi=.
=yauki= (Kontagora), ?Crotalaria polychotoma, Taub. (Leguminosæ). A
low pubescent herb with small yellow flowers; used medicinally. _vide_
=sa furfura=.
=yawa=, fibre from various sources. 1. Chiefly that from a var. of
the cultivated bean, Vigna sinensis, Endl. grown for the strong
fibrous bark of the flowering peduncles, used for fishing lines,
nets, horse-girths, &c. Syn. =waken tumḳa= (Sok.), =waken
tuḳa= (Gobir), =waken tuka= (Kano). 2. the root-bark of the
acacia =ḍakwora=, _q.v._ (Acacia Senegal), and other species
of acacia, e.g. =ḍunḍu= and =twatsa=, _q.v._ used for strong
ropes, &c. _cf._ =meḍi=. 3. Applied also to the fibre of Polygala
butyracea, Hack. (_cheyi_ of Kabba, _enyigi_ of Nupé), grown by
pagans in the south, Munchi, Togo, &c.
=yaya kai ka fito=, _vide_ =ḳaḳa kai ka fito=.
=yayan dara=, seeds of various trees used in the game _dara_, and
hence applied to a leguminous tree in the south, with prickly pods
containing two large round seeds—Cæsalpinia Bonducella, Fleming.
=yazawa= or =zazawa=, an undershrub, wild or planted in compounds;
the root is an acrid poison and is used for making tribal marks,
and as an ingredient in some recipes for arrow-poison.
=yoḍo=, _vide_ =yauḍo=.
=Z=
=zabgai=, arrow-poison; syn. =yaḅi=; _vide_ =kwankwani=.
=zabibi=, a plant with a tuberous rhizome yielding a yellow
dye. Curcuma sp. (Scitamineæ). _cf._ =gangamau=.
=zabiya=, a variety of date; _vide_ under =dabino=.
=zabo= (Sok.), Aloe sp.—probably A. Barteri, Baker (Liliaceæ). An
aloe with stiff speckled and hard pointed leaves; two varieties
occur; 1. a bush variety with orange-yellow flowers. 2. _zabon dafi_,
a cultivated variety planted near houses, having bright red flowers
and becoming very succulent; used as an ingredient of arrow-poison;
also called _zabo ko_. Syn. =kabar giwa= (Kano, Zaria, &c.).
=zago=, a var. of =dawa=, _q.v._
=zaḳami=, Datura Metel, Linn. (Solanaceæ). “Metel” or
“Hairy Thorn Apple.” A coarse branched annual with broad leaves
and long white trumpet-shaped flowers, common in waste places about
towns, &c. The seeds, in globular prickly capsules, are a deliriant
poison. Syn. =haukat yaro= (from its use as an excitant to youths
at _sharo_ contests). In Sokoto and Katsina called =babba jibji=,
_q.v._ The epithet _sutura_ (East Hausa) is applied to this plant
(from the folding of the unopened corolla).
=zaḳi banza=, Amaranthus viridis, Linn. (Amaranthaceæ). A common
weed with spikes of inconspicuous greenish flowers; a form of native
spinage used as a vegetable and sometimes cultivated. (Etym. from the
insipid taste). Syn. =ruḳuḅu= (Sok. and Kats.), and =malamkochi=
(Katsina).
=zaḳi birri=, _vide_ under =goriba=.
=zaḳo=, a var. of bean; _vide_ under =wake=.
=zamarke=, Sesbania punctata, DC. (Leguminosæ). A tall slender
leguminous shrub of wet places, with pinnate leaves and yellow
flowers; a sooty pigment got by scorching the stems is used to
decorate huts; the stems are used for arrow-shafts. Syn. =checheko=
(East Hausa) _cf._ also =alambo=.
=zamfaruwa=, a var. of =gero=, _q.v._
=zango=, a var. of =gero=, _q.v._
=zayi=? (Katagum, &c.), Boscia senegalensis, Lam. (Capparideæ);
a low shrub with bunches of small whitish flowers and berry fruit;
leaves and berries used as food. _cf._ =anza=.
=zazar giwa= or =zazar gwiwa=, _vide_ =sare gwiwa=.
=zazawa=, _vide_ =yazawa=.
=zindi= (Katagum, Kanuri?), Combretum sp. nr. C. Hartmannianum,
Schweinf. (Combretaceæ); a tree with shining foliage and 4-winged
fruit; probably the same as =chiriri= (C. Kerstingii, Engl. and
Diels.), _q.v._
=zoḅarado=, the calyces of the “Red Sorrel” or =yakuwa=
(Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn.), _q.v._ used as food, medicine, and
a beverage.
=zogalagandi=, Moringa pterygosperma,
Gaertn. (Moringaceæ). “Horse-radish Tree.” A tree with graceful
foliage white flowers and long pendulous pods, frequently planted
around houses, and therefore also called =samarin danga=. The winged
seeds yield an oil (“Oil of Ben”). Syn. =bagaruwar Makka= (Sok.),
=barambo= (Gobir), also sometimes called =taḅa ni ka samu=, _q.v._
(_cf._ =kurnan nasara=). The roots can be used as horse-radish and
the young leaves as a vegetable.
=zugu=, _vide_ under =abduga=.
=zunguru=, a var. of the bottle-gourd; _vide_ under =duma=.
=zunzuna=, _vide_ =rawaya=.
=zurma=, Ricinus communis, Linn. (Euphorbiaceæ). “Castor Oil
Plant.” A tall shrub with large broad leaves and erect racemes of
spiny capsules containing the seed from which castor oil is made;
commonly planted in compounds or growing in waste places. The oil is
chiefly used externally by Hausas, for sores on camels, &c. _kufi_ =
a dark oily extract from the mixed seeds of =zurma=, =bi ni da zugu=,
and =aduwa=, _q.v._
=zuru=, a var. of the bottle-gourd; _vide_ under =duma=.
=zuwo=, Celtis integrifolia, Lam. (Urticaceæ). A large
tree. “Nettle-tree.” Syn. =dukki=, _q.v._ _cf._ also =dinkin=.