The angels taken collectively are called heaven, for they constitute
heaven; and yet that which makes heaven in general and in particular
is the Divine that goes forth from the Lord and flows into the angels
and is received by them. And as the Divine that goes forth from the
Lord is the good of love and the truth of faith, the angels are
angels and are heaven in the measure in which they receive good and
truth from the Lord.
8. Everyone in the heavens knows and believes and even perceives that
he wills and does nothing of good from himself, and that he thinks
and believes nothing of truth from himself, but only from the Divine,
thus from the Lord; also that good from himself is not good, and
truth from himself is not truth, because these have in them no life
from the Divine. Moreover, the angels of the inmost heaven clearly
perceive and feel the influx, and the more of it they receive the
more they seem to themselves to be in heaven, because the more are
they in love and faith and in the light of intelligence and wisdom,
and in heavenly joy therefrom; and since all these go forth from the
Divine of the Lord, and in these the angels have their heaven, it is
clear that it is the Divine of the Lord, and not the angels from
anything properly their own that makes heaven.{1} This is why heaven
is called in the Word the "dwelling-place" of the Lord and "His
throne," and those who are there are said to be in the Lord.{2} But
in what manner the Divine goes forth from the Lord and fills heaven
will be told in what follows.
{Footnote 1} The angels of heaven acknowledge all good to be
from the Lord, and nothing from themselves, and the Lord dwells
in them in His own and not in their own (n. 9338, 10125, 10151,
10157). Therefore in the Word by "angels" something of the Lord
is meant (n. 1925, 2821, 3039, 4085, 8192, 10528). Furthermore,
angels are called "gods" from the reception of the Divine from
the Lord (n. 4295, 4402, 7268, 7873, 8192, 8301). Again, all
good that is good, and all truth that is truth, consequently
all peace, love, charity, and faith, are from the Lord (n.
1614, 2016, 2751, 2882, 2883, 2891, 2892, 2904). Also all
wisdom and intelligence (n. 109, 112, 121, 124).
{Footnote 2} Those who are in heaven are said to be in the Lord
(n. 3637, 3638).
9. Angels from their wisdom go still further. They say that not only
everything good and true is from the Lord, but everything of life as
well. They confirm it by this, that nothing can spring from itself,
but only from something prior to itself; therefore all things spring
from a First, which they call the very Being [Esse] of the life of
all things. And in like manner all things continue to exist, for
continuous existence is a ceaseless springing forth, and whatever is
not continually held by means of intermediates in connection with the
First instantly disperses and is wholly dissipated. They say also
that there is but One Fountain of life, and that man's life is a
rivulet therefrom, which if it did not unceasingly continue from its
fountain would immediately flow away. [2] Again, they say that from
this One Fountain of life, which is the Lord, nothing goes forth
except Divine good and Divine truth, and that each one is affected by
these in accordance with his reception of them, those who receive
them in faith and life find heaven in them while those who reject
them or stifle them change them into hell; for they change good into
evil and truth into falsity, thus life into death. Again, that
everything of life is from the Lord they confirm by this: that all
things in the universe have relation to good and truth,-the life of
man's will, which is the life of his love, to good; and the life of
his understanding, which is the life of his faith, to truth; and
since everything good and true comes from above it follows that
everything of life must come from above. [3] This being the belief of
the angels they refuse all thanks for the good they do, and are
displeased and withdraw if any one attributes good to them. They
wonder how any one can believe that he is wise from himself or does
anything good from himself. Doing good for one's own sake they do not
call good, because it is done from self. But doing good for the sake
of good they call good from the Divine; and this they say is the good
that makes heaven, because this good is the Lord.{1}
{Footnote 1} Good from the Lord has the Lord inwardly in it,
but good from one's own has not (n. 1802, 3951, 8480).
10. Such spirits as have confirmed themselves during their life in
the world in the belief that the good they do and the truth they
believe is from themselves, or is appropriated to them as their own
(which is the belief of all who place merit in good actions and claim
righteousness to themselves) are not received into heaven. Angels
avoid them. They look upon them as stupid and as thieves; as stupid
because they continually have themselves in view and not the Divine;
and as thieves because they steal from the Lord what is His. These
are averse to the belief of heaven, that it is the Divine of the Lord
in the angels that makes heaven.
11. The Lord teaches that those that are in heaven and in the church
are in the Lord and the Lord is in them, when He says:
Abide in Me and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit
of itself except it abide in the vine, so neither can ye,
except ye abide in Me. I am the Vine, ye are the branches.
He that abideth in Me and I in him, the same beareth much
fruit; for apart from Me ye can do nothing (John 15:4,5).
12. From all this it can now be seen that the Lord dwells in the
angels of heaven in what is His own, and thus that the Lord is the
all in all things of heaven; and this for the reason that good from
the Lord is the Lord in angels, for what is from the Lord is the
Lord; consequently heaven to the angels is good from the Lord, and
not anything of their own.
13. III. IN HEAVEN THE DIVINE OF THE LORD IS LOVE TO HIM AND CHARITY
TOWARDS THE NEIGHBOR.
The Divine that goes forth from the Lord is called in heaven Divine
truth, for a reason that will presently appear. This Divine truth
flows into heaven from the Lord from His Divine love. The Divine love
and the Divine truth therefrom are related to each other as the fire
of the sun and the light therefrom in the world, love resembling the
fire of the sun and truth therefrom light from the sun. Moreover, by
correspondence fire signifies love, and light truth going forth from
love.{1} From this it is clear what the Divine truth that goes forth
from the Lord's Divine love is-that in its essence it is Divine good
joined to Divine truth, and being so conjoined it vivifies all things
of heaven; just as in the world when the sun's heat is joined to
light it makes all things of the earth fruitful, which takes place in
spring and summer. It is otherwise when the heat is not joined with
the light, that is, when the light is cold; then all things become
torpid and lie dead. With the angels this Divine good, which is
compared to heat, is the good of love; and Divine truth, which is
compared to light, is that through which and out of which good of
love comes.
{Footnote 1} In the Word "fire" signifies heavenly love and
infernal love (n. 934, 4906, 5215). "Holy and heavenly fire"
signifies Divine love, and every affection that belongs to that
love (n. 934, 6314, 6832). "Light" from fire signifies truth
going forth from good of love; and light in heaven signifies
Divine truth (n. 3195, 3485, 3636, 3643, 3993, 4302, 4413,
4415, 9548, 9684).
14. The Divine in heaven which makes heaven is love, because love is
spiritual conjunction. It conjoins angels to the Lord and conjoins
them to one another, so conjoining them that in the Lord's sight they
are all as one. Moreover, love is the very being [esse] of everyone's
life; consequently from love both angels and men have life. Everyone
who reflects can know that the inmost vitality of man is from love,
since he grows warm from the presence of love and cold from its
absence, and when deprived of it he dies.{1} But it is to be
remembered that the quality of his love is what determines the
quality of each one's life.
{Footnote 1} Love is the fire of life, and life itself is
actually therefrom (n. 4906, 5071, 6032, 6314).
15. In heaven there are two distinct loves, love to the Lord and love
towards the neighbor, in the inmost or third heaven love to the Lord,
in the second or middle heaven love towards the neighbor. They both
go forth from the Lord, and they both make heaven. How these two
loves are distinct and how they are conjoined is seen in heaven in
clear light, but in the world only obscurely. In heaven loving the
Lord does not mean loving Him in respect to His person, but it means
loving the good that is from Him; and to love good is to will and do
good from love; and to love the neighbor does not mean loving a
companion in respect to his person, but loving the truth that is from
the Word; and to love truth is to will and do it. This makes clear
that these two loves are distinct as good and truth are distinct, and
that they are conjoined as good is conjoined with truth.{1} But this
can scarcely be comprehended by men unless it is known what love is,
what good is, and what the neighbor is.{2}
{Footnote 1} To love the Lord and the neighbor is to live
according to the Lord's commandments (n. 10143, 10153, 10310,
10578, 10648).
{Footnote 2} To love the neighbor is not to love the person,
but to love that in him from which he is what he is, that is,
his truth and good (n. 5028. 10336). Those who love the person,
and not that in him from which he is what he is, love evil and
good alike (n. 3820). Charity is willing truths and being
affected by truths for the sake of truths (n. 3876, 3877).
Charity towards the neighbor is doing what is good, just, and
right, in every work and in every function (n. 8120-8122).
16. I have repeatedly talked with angels about this matter. They were
astonished, they said, that men of the church do not know that to
love the Lord and to love the neighbor is to love what is good and
true, and to do this from the will, when they ought to know that one
evinces love by willing and doing what another wishes, and it is this
that brings reciprocal love and conjunction, and not loving another
without doing what he wishes, which in itself is not loving; also
that men should know that the good that goes forth from the Lord is a
likeness of Him, since He is in it; and that those who make good and
truth to belong to their life by willing them and doing them become
likenesses of the Lord and are conjoined to Him. Willing is loving to
do. That this is so the Lord teaches in the Word, saying,
He that hath My commandments and doeth them, he it is that
loveth Me; and I will love him and will make My abode with
him (John 14:21, 23).
And again:
If ye do My commandments ye shall abide in My love (John
15:10).
17. All experience in heaven attests that the Divine that goes forth
from the Lord and that affects angels and makes heaven is love; for
all who are in heaven are forms of love and charity, and appear in
ineffable beauty, with love shining forth from their faces, and from
their speech and from every particular of their life.{1} Moreover,
there are spiritual spheres of life emanating from and surrounding
every angel and every spirit, by which their quality in respect to
the affections of their love is known, sometimes at a great distance.
For with everyone these spheres flow forth from the life of his
affection and consequent thought, or from the life of his love and
consequent faith. The spheres that go forth from angels are so full
of love as to affect the inmosts of life of those who are with them.
They have repeatedly been perceived by me and have thus affected
me.{2} That it is love from which angels have their life is further
evident from the fact that in the other life everyone turns himself
in accordance with his love-those who are in love to the Lord and in
love towards the neighbor turning themselves always to the Lord,
while those who are in love of self turn themselves always away from
the Lord. This is so, however their bodies may turn, since with those
in the other life spaces conform to the states of their interiors,
likewise quarters, which are not constant as they are in this world,
but are determined in accordance with the direction of their faces.
And yet it is not the angels that turn themselves to the Lord; but
the Lord turns to Himself those that love to do the things that are
from Him.{3} But more on this subject hereafter, where the quarters
in the other life are treated of.
{Footnote 1} Angels are forms of love and charity (n. 3804,
4735, 4797, 4985, 5199, 5530, 9879, 10177).
{Footnote 2} A spiritual sphere, which is a sphere of the life,
overflows and pours forth from every man, spirit, and angel,
and encompasses them (n. 4464, 5179, 7454, 8630). It flows from
the life of their affection and consequent thought (n. 2489,
4464, 6206).
{Footnote 3} Spirits and angels turn themselves constantly to
their loves, and those in the heavens turn themselves
constantly to the Lord (n. 10130, 10189, 10420, 10702).
Quarters in the other life are to each one in accordance with
the direction of his face, and are thereby determined,
otherwise than in the world (n. 10130, 10189, 10420, 10702).
18. The Divine of the Lord in heaven is love, for the reason that
love is receptive of all things of heaven, such as peace,
intelligence, wisdom and happiness. For love is receptive of each and
all things that are in harmony with it; it longs for them, seeks
them, and drinks them in as it were spontaneously, for it desires
unceasingly to be enriched and perfected by them.{1} This, too, man
well knows, for with him love searches as it were the stores of his
memory and draws forth all things that are in accord with itself,
collecting and arranging them in and under itself-in itself that they
may be its own, and under itself that they may be its servants; but
other things not in accord with it it discards and expels. That there
is present in love every capacity for receiving truths in harmony
with itself, and a longing to conjoin them to itself, has been made
clear also by the fact that some who were simple-minded in the world
were taken up into heaven, and yet when they were with the angels
they came into angelic wisdom and heavenly blessedness, and for the
reason that they had loved what is good and true for its own sake,
and had implanted it in their life, and had thereby become capacities
for receiving heaven with all that is ineffable there. But those who
are in love of self and of the world have no capacity for receiving
what is good and true; they loathe and reject it, and at its first
touch and entrance they flee and associate themselves with those in
hell who are in loves like their own. There were spirits who had
doubts about there being such capacities in heavenly love, and who
wished to know whether it were true; whereupon they were let into a
state of heavenly love, whatever opposed being for the time removed,
and were brought forward some distance, where there was an angelic
heaven, and from it they talked with me, saying that they perceived a
more interior happiness than they could possibly express in words,
and they lamented greatly that they must return into their former
state. Others also were taken up into heaven; and the higher or more
interiorly they were exalted the more of intelligence and wisdom were
they admitted into, such as enabled them to perceive what had before
been incomprehensible to them. From this it is clear that the love
that goes forth from the Lord is receptive of heaven and all things
therein.
{Footnote 1} Innumerable things are contained in love, and love
gathers to itself all things that are in harmony with it (n.
2500, 2572, 3078, 3189, 6323, 7490, 7750).
19. That love to the Lord and love towards the neighbor include in
themselves all Divine truths is made evident by what the Lord Himself
said of these two loves:
Thou shalt love thy God with all thy heart and with all
thy soul. This is the greatest and first commandment. And
the second, like unto it, is, Thou shalt love thy neighbor
as thyself. On these two commandments hang the law and the
prophets (Matt. 22:37-40).
"The law and the prophets" are the whole Word, thus all Divine truth.