[Footnote 36: _Memorie per la storia degli arvenimenti che
seguirono in Dalmazia la caduta della Republica veneta_, by
G. Cattalinich, 1841.]
[Footnote 37: This is perpetuated by the initial letters of
the saying "Samo sloga Srbina spasava" ("Only in the union of
Serbs is salvation"), which are placed round the cross in
Serbia's coat of arms.]
[Footnote 38: Cf. _La Dalmatie de 1797-1815_, by the Abbe
Paul Pisani. Paris, 1893.]
[Footnote 39: His fame as a teacher was such that several
towns entreated him to settle in their midst. In 1845 the
inhabitants of Stara Zagora sent him this curious letter:
"When Philip, King of Macedonia, invited Aristotle to be the
tutor of his son, he wrote to him: 'I am happy, in the first
place, because God has given me a son, and, secondly, because
this son was born in your time....' And we also, we thank
God, firstly, because it has been granted to us to found a
school, and, secondly, because we know that under your
direction it will be a real school. That is why we supplicate
and pray that you will come to us and be our teacher."]
[Footnote 40: Smail Aga, Vice-Governor of Herzegovina, had
earned for himself the greatest detestation of the
Montenegrins, whom he harried, and of his own unhappy
subjects. In August 1840 he was attacked by a small band of
heroes, men of Montenegro and of Herzegovina. He and a large
number of his men were killed. A translation of this
celebrated poem was made by Mr. J. W. Wiles at Salonika, and
printed there, under difficult circumstances, entirely by
Serbian refugees.]
[Footnote 41: Cf. _Fiume Italiana_. Rome, 1919.]
[Footnote 42: According to the census of 1857 the figures
were: Serbs, 452,500; Roumanians, 414,900; Germans, 394,100;
Magyars, 256,100; Jews, 12,500; Gipsies, 600.]
[Footnote 43: Their German origin had become so completely
obliterated that they no longer spoke anything but Croat. It
is curious in this connection to note that Kossuth, the
champion of Magyarism, was of Slav blood; that Rieger, the
Czech leader, was of German blood; and that Conscience, chief
of the Flemish movement, had a French father.]
[Footnote 44: Cf. Seton-Watson's _The Southern Slav
Question_. London, 1911.]
[Footnote 45: Cf. _Letters of Count Cavour_, edited by Gl.
Chiala, vol. iv. pp. 139-140.]
[Footnote 46: This lady, the Princess Julia, subsequently
married the Duke of Aremberg. She died in February 1919 in
Vienna at the age of eighty-eight. In the early sixties she
came on a mission to England to enlist sympathy for Serbia's
final struggle for independence. Much to her annoyance she
found that it was necessary to ask through the Turkish
Embassy for an audience with Queen Victoria. However, the
Ambassador was a very affable person, who completely
mollified the Princess. It was to her that Palmerston made
one of his famous puns. Her dress caught in a door and he
stepped forward with the words: "Princesse, la Porte est sur
votre chemin pour vous empecher d'avancer."]
[Footnote 47: As a matter of fact he was walking with a girl
called Catharine, also a relative, a lame girl more
remarkable for wit and wisdom than for physical beauty. She
and Michael are celebrated in one of Serbia's most famous
songs. There has been a great deal of speculation as to his
assassins, some maintaining that they were Austrian agents,
others holding that it was the work of the rival
Karageorgevi[vc] dynasty. A certain Radovanovi[vc] who
settled down in Karlovci--he was there at any rate till
1895--was most probably an Austrian instrument in this
affair; he in his turn making use of Austrian police for the
actual deed. He was wont to say that he knew who were the
murderers; but since he was looked upon as a mere tool, his
fellow-Serbs of Karlovci did not molest him. Yet he never
frequented a Serbian cafe. He was a travelled, pretty
well-educated man; with the Austrian officials he was on very
friendly terms, and the source of his money was never
discovered.]
[Footnote 48: _The Turks, the Greeks and the Slavons: Travels
in the Slavonic Provinces of Turkey-in-Europe._ London, 1867.
The second edition of this book appeared with a preface by
Gladstone.]
[Footnote 49: Cf. his _Histoire diplomatique de l'Europe_.]
[Footnote 50: The promulgation was a surprise to him; it was
also a defeat, as he had aimed at a direct understanding
between Greeks and Bulgars and not at a solution which left
the Porte as arbitrator between these two Christian races.
However, he would not acknowledge that he had been beaten.
"He thought it more intelligent to recognize the _fait
accompli_ and not to let his dissatisfaction be visible,"
says Prince George Troubetzkoi, the distinguished diplomat
who explored the archives of the Russian Embassy at
Constantinople. In reply to his telegram announcing the
promulgation of the firman, Gortchakoff, the Prime Minister,
cabled that "an adjustment of this awkward question and one
that would not break the links between the Bulgarian
community and the OEcumenical Patriarchate would be a great
alleviation, whereof the credit would be mostly yours." The
Russians repudiated the Exarchate publicly and they are not
now, as are the Serbs, in communion with the Bulgars. For
example, when the Bulgarian bishops in Macedonia, after the
troubles following the first Balkan War, went to Russia in
order to state their case, they were taken to a monastery and
not allowed to participate in the religious offices.]
[Footnote 51: _Le droit italique de Fiume._ Bologna, 1919.]
[Footnote 52: In _Land and Water_, June 5, 1919.]