==========+========+========+===========+========+========+=========
| Number |Average | Number | Point |Diseased| Pycnidia
| of | height | of | of | bark | on
|vigorous| of | diseased |disease | on | wood
Number. |sprouts.|vigorous| sprouts. | on | stump. | of
| |sprouts | |sprouts.| | stump.
| |(feet). | | | |
----------+--------+--------+-----------+--------+--------+--------
1, | 4 | 3 | 0 | | |
2, | 8 | 6 | 3 | Base | Yes |
3, | 2 | 2 | 0 | | Yes |
4, | 4 | 4 | 0 | | |
5, | 6 | 6 | 1 | Base | Yes | Yes
6, | 7 | 4 | 0 | | | Yes
7, | 3 | 3 | 0 | | |
8, | 2 | 4 | 0 | | |
9, | 5 | 4 | 0 | | |
10, | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
11, | 3 | 4 | 0 | | |
12, | 4 | 3 | 0 | | |
13, | 1 | 1 | 0 | | |
14, | 4 | 3 | 0 | | |
15, | 4 | 7 | 0 | | |
16, | 3 | 6 | 0 | | |
17, | 4 | 4 | 1 | Base | Yes | Yes
18, | 4 | 4 | 0 | | |
19, | 4 | 5 | 0 | | |
20, | 1 | 6 | 0 | | |
21, | 3 | 5 | 0 | | |
22, | 2 | 3 | 0 | | |
23, | 4 | 4 | 0 | | |
24, | 2 | 2 | 0 | | |
25, | 3 | 5 | 0 | | |
26, | 0 | 0 | 0 | | |
27, | 2 | 4 | 1 | Base | Yes |
28, | 6 | 4 | 0 | | |
29, | 6 | 6 | 2 | Base | Yes | Yes
+--------+--------+-----------+--------+--------+--------
Average, | 3.5 | 3.9 | [10]0.078 | | |
| | | | | |
| | | [11]0.17 | | |
----------+--------+--------+-----------+--------+--------+--------
[10] Sanitation well done—stumps well peeled, well burned or creosoted,
and refuse burned.
[11] Sanitation fairly well done, but stumps not thoroughly peeled or
burned.
One very heavily burned stump, cut close to ground, had an area of
diseased bark at crotch between roots, and a diseased sprout (No. 27).
The least charring was always in crotches between roots at or near
the soil line. Heavily burned stumps have weak sprouts or none, as a
rule, about one stump out of twenty having no sprouts. Creosoted stumps
usually have more and stronger sprouts than burned stumps.
Creosoting is cheaper than burning over the stump, on account of the
labor saved. While it is apparently effective where the peeling and
creosoting are well done, burning is safer, although more expensive. A
gallon of creosote costs about 15 cents and will treat from 50 to 100
medium sized (10”-15”) stumps, varying with the height of the stump and
the temperature of the air and creosote. The creosote may be profitably
used where other trees will be injured by fire or where there is great
danger of starting forest fires. Other methods of treating the stump
have been tried, such as spraying the stumps with crude oil or kerosene
and then burning them, after peeling. The stumps have also been buried
under a mound of soil through which the sprouts had to penetrate. These
treatments are less efficient and more expensive than creosote and
cannot be recommended.
[Illustration: Heavily burned stump showing very few sprouts; also
shows remnants of improperly burned tops, bearing growth of blight
fungus, (on right).]
[Illustration: Improper piling and burning of parts of an infected
tree. The brush from the tops must be piled, and the edges of the pile
pushed on the fire from time to time.]