THE TURKISH BATH FOR HORSES.
Animals of many kinds, including horses, dogs, cows, sheep, and pigs,
have been experimented upon with regard to the bath, and with much
success. But for practical purposes all we need here consider is the
design of the bath for horses, since a bath for a horse will evidently
be suitable for a cow, and might not be wholly beneath the dignity of a
pig. It is, after all, only in connection with the training of horses
that anything of practical importance has been accomplished in this
direction. Several Turkish baths for horses have been erected in this
country in connection with hospitals for horses, attached to large
businesses, and appended to training stables. In the development of
race-horses the treatment has, according to the opinion of several
authorities, been found eminently beneficial.
The bath must be arranged in connection, and in direct communication
with the stables. It may consist, as Fig. 27--a plan of a bath built for
the Great Northern Railway Company's hospital for horses--of a washing,
and two hot, rooms. An airy shed will do for a place for the animals to
cool, and in fine weather they will derive more benefit from being
turned out in the open. In the plan given it will be seen that the horse
is led through the washing room into the first hot room. Without
turning round, he may be led into the second hot room and thence into
the washing room again. In the hot rooms, which are heated by a
convoluted stove, are stocks, wherein, if restive, the animal can be
secured. A similar arrangement is made in the washing room, where, after
undergoing the sweating process, the horse is groomed down, an operation
that should be performed in part with an iron _strigil_, much after the
pattern of those employed upon their own bodies by the ancient Romans.
[Illustration: FIG. 27.
Plan of the Great Northern Railway Company's Turkish Bath for Horses.]
These equine Turkish baths need be very inexpensive and simply
constructed, though, where it is desired to do the thing well, glazed
bricks should, for the sake of cleanliness, be used for lining the
walls. All that will be required in the washing rooms is a couple of
draw-off taps with hot and cold water, some pails, a scraper, and
wash-leather. On leaving the sudatory chamber, the horse should first be
well scraped with the scraper, carefully sponging, or dousing him, if
necessary, with warm water. Buckets of hot, tepid, and cold water should
then be thrown over him, and having been well rubbed down with the
leather, he should then be covered with a cotton sheet, and his legs
bandaged with cotton bands, the sheets, &c., being gradually removed
after an interval of about a quarter of an hour, and the animal turned
into a shed, or into the open, to cool.
THE END.
INDEX.
A.
PAGE
Air, allowance of, in hot rooms, 81
backflow of, 83
circulation of, in hot rooms, 85
expansion in heating, 82
filters, 67
flues for vitiated, 92
inlets for cold, 67
intake, position of, 68
arrangement of, 69
its changes in the bath, 71
of bath, necessity for dryness of, 85
overheated, 76
passage of, through bath rooms, 70
rapidity of flow of, 82
Apodyterium, the, 4, 13
and frigidarium, combined, 13
B.
Bath, architecture of, 105
ascending shower, 93
back shower, 94
decoration of, 105
elaborate needle, 138
foot, 98
materials for, 105
Mr. Urquhart's cheap private, 120, 123
needle, 93, 94
position of private, 120
preliminary shower, 97
primary object of, 10
public, general requirements of, 9
shower, 92
style of design for, 109
subsidiary apartments of, 14
the, in asylums, 139
the, in hospitals, 139
the "slipper", 127
wave, 95
Baths, ancient and modern, difference between, 10
Roman and Oriental, 2
works on, 3
cheap, 66
private, 125
complete private, 125-127
construction of, in private houses, 123, 124
Eastern, 110
elaborate private, 129, 132, 133
importance of double sets of, 137
importance of intercommunication between various, 137
in crowded sites, 18
nature of private, 119
objections to extemporised hot air, 118
Old Roman, 110
on one level, 18
private, 118
public and commercial, 6
public, lack of, in England, 7
supply of water for private, 128
two classes of, 26
ventilation of private, 122
Bath-rooms arranged _en suite_, advantage of, 37
drainage of, 44
_Balneæ_, the Pompeian, 112
ancient, 4
Benches, felting for marble, 116
Bignor, Roman, bath at, 112
Boilers, 87
Boot-room, fittings for, 116
Box, Roman bath at, 112
C.
Calidarium, the, 4, 33
floor of, 116
Ceilings of enamelled iron, 106
Checks, shelves for, 116
Cisterns, 87, 88
Cleansing process, ways of concluding, 12
Cold plunge, object of, 12
Combined cooling and dressing room, its arrangement, 54
Cooling and dressing rooms combined, their merits and demerits, 54
Cooling room, carpets for, 114
couches in, 114
furniture of, 113
importance of ventilating, 57
method, 57
lighting of, 103
the separate, 53
Cooling rooms in hydropathic establishments, 138
fireplaces in, 23
methods of arranging, 52
temperature of, 53, 58
D.
Divans, construction of, 114
Douche, horizontal, 95
room, the, 45
spinal, 93
Drainage, importance of perfect, 44
Dressing and cooling rooms, 13
Dry atmosphere, necessity for, in bath, 4
F.
Firing, evil of bad and forced, 80
Floorings for cheap baths, 34
Flues, hot and cold air, construction of, 40
Foul air conduits, 71
Frigidarium, design of, 108
divans in, 109
fountain in, 101
of private baths, 129
the, 4, 13
the old Roman, 57
Furnace, advantage of a fireclay, 75
fireclay, for private bath, 132
method of constructing, 74
expansion and contraction of, 76
Furnaces for private baths, 121
heating power of, 80
with iron flues, 72
Furnace chamber, position of, 40
G.
Gas, objections to, in bath, 102
Glazed earthenware, its suitability for baths, 33
Good and bad baths, difference between, 82
Good bath, what it is, and how gained, 9
H.
Hair-dresser and chiropodist, 15
Hammam, the, Jermyn Street, 18
Hammam, the Oriental, 3
Heat, convected and radiant, 5, 59
methods of applying to bather, 10, 56
prevention of transmission of, 122
Heating apparatuses for private baths, 120
screen walls to, 77
Heating by fireclay furnaces, 73
iron flue-pipes, 72
ordinary stoves, 72
convection, objection to, 79
steam, 77
arrangements for, 78
dangers attendant upon, 77
of small baths, 73
of the bath, its importance, 59
by the ordinary method, 62
on the hot-air principle, 62
and ventilation, 59
theory of, 69
High temperatures, beneficial effect of in cases of disease, 11
necessity for, 11
Horses, bathing of, 142
"Hot-air bath," a misleading term, 5
Hot-air bath, the, 6
appliances and arrangements for, 63
Hot air, height of delivery of, into laconicum, 40
manner, 40
principle, objections to, 61
Hot rooms, benches in, 38
brickwork in, 107
ceilings of, 34
chairs and benches in, 116
decoration of, 105
doorways in, 38
fireproof floors over, 35
glazing in, 38
height of, 39
Indian matting in, 106
joinery in, 37
lighting of, 102
materials for, 38
objection to stepped benches in, 39
proportional area of, 33
position of partitions in, 37
radiation of heat from, 35
Hot rooms, windows in, 35
treatment of woodwork in, 106
Hydropathy and the Turkish bath, 140
Hydropathic establishments, the bath in, 134
I.
Invalids, consideration for, in bathing establishments, 138
Irish "sweating houses," old, 5, 13
L.
Laconicum, the, 4, 32
ceiling of, 35
floor of, 116
Ladies' baths, 14, 44, 111
Laundry, 16
Lavatorium, the, 4, 43
and shampooing room, 41
the hydropathic, 138
of private bath, 128
washing basins in, 43
water fittings of, 89
Lavatrina, the, 119, 127
M.
Mont Dore, baths at the Hotel, 135
cure, the, 136
Moorish bath, heating of the, 59
_Mustaby_, the Turkish, 57
O.
Obstacles to the progress of the bath, 1
Oriental colour decoration, 110
P.
Pay office, the, 14
Perspiration, object of, 11
Plumbing, 88, 100
Plunge bath, the, 46
between hot rooms and frigidarium, 12
chamber, lighting of, 104
construction of, 48
decoration of, 113
depth of, 48
for private baths, 129
in hydropathic establishments, 138
water fittings of, 99
Popular ignorance and the bath, 1
Processes of the bath, 11
Public Baths and Wash-houses Act, inadequacy of, 7
Public baths in England, unworthy of the nation, 29
general disposition of plan of, 17
R.
Rest after bath, necessity for, 13
Roman baths, method of heating the old, 59
nature of heat in old, 79
S.
Sanitary accommodation, necessity for care in providing, 15
Shampooer, space required by each, 43
Shampooing and the private bath, 128
benches, 34, 42
positions of bather during, 43
value of, 12
and washing room combined, arrangement of, 43
room, 42
ventilation of, 42
lighting of, 104
Shower for head, 100
preliminary warm, 44
So-called Turkish baths, their harmfulness, 2
Stokery, the, 15
Stoves, attributes of good, 64
Convolute, 264
heating power of 80
method, of constructing, furnace chamber for, 64
iron, 63
objections to exposing in hot rooms, 72
plain iron radiating 125
radiating surfaces of, 63
Subsidiary apartments of the bath, 32
Sudatorium, best position for bathers in 38
Sudatory chamber, a simple, 119
T.
Tank, hot water, 87
Temperature, importance of maintaining 79
of bath rooms 78
regulating, 80
variations in 79
Tepidarium, the 4, 32
drinking fountain in, 100
mosaic floors in, 108
of private bath, 128
old Roman, 39
_Thermæ_, old Roman, 3
Tonic baths 92
Transmission of heated air, prevention of, 36
heat, 36
Treatment, course of, in the bath, 11
Turkish bath, association of miscellaneous hydropathic baths with
the, 134
building, field for activity in 139
for animals 141
for horses 141
Great Northern Railway Company's 141
heating of the true 59
the, a misnomer 5
what it is, 4
direction in which improvement may be made in the, 60
Turkish baths, Baden-Baden, 30
Bartholomew's, Leicester Square, 25
Bremen, 29
Burton's, Euston Road, 27
Camden Town, 22
foul atmosphere of some so-called, 2, 82
in Germany, 29
lukewarm, 139
Nevill's, London Bridge, 25
Northumberland Avenue, 23
Nuremberg, 30
Savoy Hill, 20
Vienna, 30
V.
Valve, thermometer regulating, 138
Valves and cocks, 90
regulating, for shower bath, &c., 96
Ventilation, 139
importance of, in hot rooms, 81
in cramped sites, 69
mechanical, 82
Ventilator gratings, 83
Ventilators, disposition of, in hot rooms, 70
number and size of, 71
position of, 71
W.
Washing and shampooing rooms, various ways of arranging, 41
Water, pressure of, 88
Water fittings, 87
of private bath, 128
value of simplicity in, 97
LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD STREET AND
CHARING CROSS.