_Barbour._
~Yemsell~, ~Yhemsell~, _s._
1. The act of keeping, custody.
_Skene._
2. Used nearly in the same sense with E. _wardship_, _guardianship_,
_tutorage_.
_Barbour._
Isl. _geimsla_, Su. G. _goemsel_, custodia.
YERD, YERTH, _s._ Earth, soil.
V. ~Erd~.
Also,
_To_ ~Yerd~, to bury.
V. ~Erd~, _v._
~Yerd-fast~, _adj._ Firmly fastened in the ground, S.
_Poems Buch. Dial._
A. S. _earde-faest_, settled, grounded, Isl. _iardfastr stein_,
saxum in terra immotum.
~Yerd-meal~, _s._ Earth-mould, church-yard dust, Aberd.
_Gl. Shirr._
YERE, _adv._ Certainly. _To yere_, too surely, or truly.
_Douglas._
A. S. _geare_, _gere_, certo.
YERESTRENE, _s._ The night before last, S. A.
V. ~Here-yestreen~; also ~Here-yesterday~.
_Gl. Sibb._
To YERK, _v. a._ To bind tightly, as with a small cord, S.
_Gl. Sibb._
A. S. _gearc-ian_, parare.
To YERK, _v. n._
1. To be in a state of fermentation, a term applied to beer, Ang.
Germ. _gaer-a_, Su. G. _goer-a_, effervescere.
2. To do any thing with agility, S. B.
_Gl. Shirr._
3. To be busy, or keenly engaged, applied to the mind.
_Kelly._
Su. G. _yrk-a_, postulare, insistere.
_To_ YERK, YARK, _v. a._ To beat, to strike smartly, S. _jerk_, E.
_Ferguson._
Isl. _hreck-ia_, to beat, pulsare; _jarke_, pes feriens.
~Yerk~, _s._ A smart blow, a _jerk_, S.
YERN-BLITER, _s._ The name given to the snipe. S. B., sometimes pron.
_yern-bluter_.
_Journ. Lond._
_To_ YESK, _v. n._ To hiccup. S.
V. ~Yeisk~.
_To_ YESTER, _v. a._ To discompose, to disturb. Ang.
Su. G. _yster_, ferox, or A. S. _ge-styr-an_, turbare.
YESTREEN, YISTRENE, _s._ Yesternight.
V. ~Here-yesterday~.
_Douglas._
YET, YETT, YHATE, _s._ A gate, S.
A. Bor. _yete_.
_Wallace._
~Yet chekis~, door-posts.
_Douglas._
A. S. _geat_, O. Belg. _gat_, id. Su. G. _gaatt_, postis januae.
_To_ YET, YETT, YYT, _v. a._
1. To pour, S. _yet_, _yett_, poured.
_Douglas._
Belg. _giet-en_, A. S. _geot-an_, Isl. Su. G. _giut-a_, fundere.
2. To cast metals.
_Yyt_, molten, cast.
~Yetland~, ~Yettlin~, _adj._ Of or belonging to cast iron, S.
_Stat. Acc._
~Yettlin~, _s._ Cast metal, S.
Su. G. _giuta en klocka_, to cast a bell; _giuta stycken_, to cast
guns; Teut. _ghiet-en_, id.
YETHER, _s._ The mark left by tight binding, as with a small cord.
Border; allied perhaps to A. Bor. _yeather_, a flexible twig, used for
binding hedges; Grose.
_To_ YETT, _v. a._ To fasten in the firmest manner, to rivet, Loth.
Isl. _gat-a_, perforare.
YEVERY, _adj._ Greedy, voracious.
_Bellenden._
A. S. _gifer_, _gifra_, _gifre_, avidus, vorax, rapax, gulosus;
_gifer_, a glutton.
_To_ YHARN, _v. a._ Eagerly to desire.
_Barbour._
Moes. G. _gairn-an_, A. S. _georn-ian_, _gyrn-an_, desiderare,
cupere.
~Yharne~, ~Yherne~, _adj._ Eager, keen.
_Wyntown._
YHEMAR, _s._ A keeper.
V. ~Yemar~.
YHEMSEL, _s._ Custody.
V. ~Yemsel~.
YHIS, _adv._ Yes.
_Barbour._
A. S. _gese_, _gise_, _gyse_, immo, etiam.
YHUDE, _pret._ Went.
V. ~Yede~.
YHULL, _s._ Christmas.
V. ~Yule~.
YHUMAN, YUMAN, YOMAN, YEOMAN, _s._
1. A person of inferior station; as, a husbandman or farmer.
_Reg. Maj._
Teut. _ghe-meyn_, A. S. _geman_, communis, vulgaris.
2. It seems to signify a farmer's servant.
_Barbour._
3. A peasant or inhabitant of the country employed as a foot-soldier.
_Barb._
4. A soldier on horseback.
_Wallace._
~Yhumanry~, _s._ The peasantry armed as foot soldiers.
_Barbour._
YIE, _term_ (printed _Zie_).
V. ~Ye~.
YIELD OF THE DAY, the influence of the sun; also the height of the day,
Ang.
From E. _yield_, as denoting that the frost gives way.
YILL, _s._ Ale, S. O. and A.
_Burns._
A. S. _eale_, id.
~Yill-wife~, _s._ A woman who brews and sells ale, S.
_Gl. Sibb._
_To_ ~Yill~, _v. a._ To entertain with ale, a term commonly used by the
vulgar, S. O. to denote one special mode in which a lover entertains his
_Dulcinea_ at a fair or market.
YIM, _s._ A particle, an atom; the smallest portion of any thing, Ang.;
at times pron. as if _nyim_; perhaps q. _ane yim_.
Su. G. _em_, _im_, _ime_, vapour; Isl. _hióm_, the most minute
object.
_To_ YYM, _v. a._ To keep.
~Yimmit~, kept.
V. ~Yeme~.
YING, YYNG, _adj._ Young.
O. E. id.
_Douglas._
YIRDIN, _s._ Thunder, S. B.
V. ~Erddyn~.
_To_ YIRM, _v. n._
1. To whine, to complain, S.
2. To ask in a querulous tone; implying the idea of continuation, S.
Isl. _harm-a_, lugeo, plango; _harm-r_, luctus; G. Andr. p. 107.
_Jarm-a_, balare, _jarm-r_, lamentatio.
_To_ YYRNE, _v. n._ To coagulate, to curdle.
V. ~Earn~.
_Bannatyne P._
_To_ YIRR, _v. n._ To snarl, to growl as a dog, S. _yarr_, E.
Isl. _verr-a_, id. whence _verre_, a dog; Lat. _hirrire_.
_To_ YISK, _v. n._ To hiccup.
V. ~Yeisk~.
YISTRENE, _s._ Yesternight.
V. ~Yestrene~.
YYT, _part. pa._ Molten, cast.
V. ~Yet~, _v._
YIWYN. Perh. for _ewyn_, even.
_Barbour._
* _To_ YOKE, _v. n._ To engage with another in a dispute, in a quarrel,
or in warfare, S.
_Baillie._
YOLDYN, YOUDEN, _pret. v._ Yielded, surrendered.
_Barbour._
YOLK, _s._ A round, opaque and radiated crystallization in window-glass,
in consequence of being too slowly cooled, S.; probably denominated from
its supposed resemblance of the _yolk_ of an egg.
_To_ YOLL, _v. a._ To strike; as, _to yoll with an axe_, S. B.
_To_ YOMER, _v. n._ To shriek.
V. ~Yamer~, _v._
_Sir Gawan._
YONT, _prep._ Beyond.
V. ~Yound~.
YORE, _adj._ Ready, alert.
V. ~Yare~.
YOUDEN, _part. pa._
V. ~Yoldyn~.
YOUDEN-DRIFT, _s._ Snow driven by the wind, S. B.
_Morison._
Perh. from _yolden_, or _youden_, the old part. pa. of _yield_, q.
snow which is _driven_ as _yielding_ to the force of the wind.
YOUDITH, _s._ Youth, S. A.
V. ~Youth-heid~.
_Ramsay._
_To_ YOUF, YUFF, _v. n._ To bark, S.
V. ~Wouff~.
_Ferguson._
YOUFF, YOWFF, _s._ A swinging blow, Loth. the same with _Gouff_.
_Ramsay._
_To_ YOUK, YUKE, YUCK, _v. n._ To itch, to be itchy, S.
_Hamilton._
Germ. _juck-en_, Belg. _jeuck-en_, id. prurire.
~Youk~, ~Yeuk~, ~Yuke~, ~Yuck~, _s._
1. The itch, S.
_Ramsay._
2. Itchiness; without any relation to the cutaneous disease denominated
the _itch_, S.
~Youky~, _adj._
1. Itchy, S.
_Davidson._
2. Metaph. eager, anxious.
_Ramsay._
_To_ YOUL, YOULE, _v. n._ To howl, to yell, S. A. Bor.
V. ~Goul~, _v._
_Douglas._
~Youl~, ~Yowl~, _s._ A yell, the act of howling, S.
_Dunbar._
YOULRING, _s._ A yellow-hammer.
V. ~Yeldrin~.
YOUND, _adj._ Opposite, what is on the other side, S. _yont_.
_Douglas._
A. S. _geond_, illuc, ultra.
~Yont~, _adv._ Farther, S.
~Yontermost~, _adv._ Still farther, Fife.
From _yonder_, S. _yonter_, and _mair_, more.
YOUP, _s._ A scream.
V. ~Yout~, _s._
YOUSTIR, YOUSTER, _s._ Putrid matter, corrupt blood.
_Douglas._
A. S. _geolster_, virus, sanies; _geolstru_, virulentus.
_To_ YOUT, _v. n._ To cry, to roar, S. B.
_Houlate._
Teut. _iuyt-en_, _iuycht-en_, jubilare, vociferari.
~Yout~, ~Yowt~, _s._ A cry, a scream, S. B. _youp_, synon.
_Lyndsay._
YOUTHEID, YHOUTHADE, YOWTHHEID, _s._ Youth.
_Wyntown._
A. S. _geogeth-had_, the state of being young.
YOUTHIR OF THE SOD, the red ashes of turf, Ang.
YOW, YOUE, _s._ A ewe.
_Complaynt S._
A. S. _eowu_, Belg. _oye_, _ouwe_, id.
YOWDE, _pret._ Went.
V. ~Yede~.
YUIK, _s._ Itchiness.
V. ~Youk~.
_G. Buchanan._
_To_ YUKE, _v. n._ To be itchy.
V. ~Youk~.
YULE, YHULE, YUYLL, _s._ The name given to Christmas, S. A. Bor.
_Wynt._
Su. G. _jul_, Dan. _jule_, _juledag_, Isl. _jol_, A. S. _geola_,
_gehul_, id.
This name was originally given to the great annual feast, celebrated
among the northern nations, at the time of the winter solstice, in
honour of the Sun. Hence Odin was denominated _Julvatter_, or the
_Father_ of _Yule_.
Many conjectures have been formed as to the origin of the name. The
most probable are, that it is from Su. G. _j_ demonstrative, like A. S.
_ge_, and _oel_, commessatio, q. _the feast_; or from Isl. Su. G.
_hwel_, _hiul_, a wheel, in reference to the retrogradation of the sun;
or from Moes. G. _uil_, Arm. _hiaul_, Gr. ἥλ-ιος, the name of this
luminary.
_To_ ~Yule~, ~Yool~, _v. n._ To observe Christmas, especially as
regarding the festivities of this season.
_Spalding._
~Yule-e'en~, ~Yhule-ewyn~, _s._ The night preceding Christmas, the wake
of _Yule_, S.
_Barbour._
YUMAN, YUMANRY.
V. ~Yhuman~.
FINIS.
* * * * *
TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES
Formatting has been used in order to make each entry easier to read, and
an effort has been made to retain the spirit of the formatting in the
original dictionary. Word sources are given in italics, inset by two
spaces. Etymological information normally appears in a separate line,
inset by four spaces.
All the main entries are capitalised, but sub-entries and
cross-references are in small capitals to distinguish them from the main
entries. This distinction has been retained.
Italics are indicated by _this_ markup. Small capitals are indicated
by ~this~ markup.
Although the note preceding the entries for the letter 'Y' clearly
describes the letter 'yogh', the character used throughout is Ʒ (the
'ezh' or 'Latin long z').
Numerous minor errors in punctuation have been silently corrected. There
are also many inconsistencies in punctuation which have been difficult
or impossible to resolve, and many undoubtedly remain. Consistency is
not a feature of this text. This particularly applies to the
etymologies: etymologies are sometimes included with word definitions,
separated by a comma or semi-colon, rather than presented in a separate
paragraph; also although many commas appear to be missing in the
etymologies (especially in the opening sections of the dictionary), none
have been inserted.
Spelling has been left unchanged unless a definite typo has ocurred, as
it probably reflects spelling of the early 19th century. This includes
variant spellings of the same word.
Hyphens were commoner within compound words than they are today, and
there is also inconsistency in their use throughout this text. There is
also inconsistency in the hyphenation of Latin words, where hyphenation
is sometimes, but not always, used to indicate Latin roots or noun/verb
endings. Hyphens have been retained unless there is a clear indication
that the word should be unhyphenated.
The spelling "Lanerks[hire]" for "Lanarks[hire]" appears to be the
accepted spelling for this period, and therefore has been left
unchanged.
Five instances of _Kings Quair_ have been corrected to _King's
Quair_.
_St_ (no period) _Androis_ is the normal spelling in this text. The
spelling _St. Androis_ appears only once (s.v. INSPRAICH), and has
been left unchanged.
The cited source is often abbreviated, through lack of space: for
example _Doug._ for _Douglas_, _Houl._ for _Houlate_. These
abbreviations have been left unchanged.
There are also numerous inconsistencies in the abbreviation of recurring
phrases, which have been left unchanged. For example _Palice of
Honour_, _Palice Honour_, _Pal. of Hon._, _Pal. Hon._.
In entries where the numbers "1." "2." "3." &c. are clearly missing,
they have been inserted.
In the original dictionary, capital E acute looks like Eˊ e.g. p. 69:
BOUNTEˊ, for BOUNTÉ. There is also Aˊ representing Á (in FAˊ and
FORSTAˊ). But this has to be distinguished from such phrases as "A'
the kit" (p. 226) which is an apostrophe indicating missing letters
(usually "ll"): "All the kit".
Only two of the Greek words have accents and breathings. No changes have
been made to the presence or absence of accents in any Greek words.
In the phrase "A bursen belch or bilch" (s.v. BELCH) there is a missing
closing quotation mark. The precise location of the missing mark is
uncertain, and the text has therefore not been changed.
The cross-reference "V. ~Get~" under "GATE, s. Jet." cannot be linked
correctly since the only entry for "GET" has nothing to do with
"Jet".
The cross-reference to "~Skair~" for the word "UNTILL, prep. Unto" may
be an error, as there is no obvious connection with "UNTILL". However
it is impossible to suggest a logical amendment.
The entry "GRAVIN, GRAWYN, Interred." gives a cross-reference
to "~Graif~" but most of the entry for ~Graif~ is missing.
The following words exist as cross-references but do not appear in the
Dictionary:
Asterne
Bad
Best Aucht
Boytour
Brid
Coles
Doud
Forowth
Hebrun
Hillie-billow
Knacks
Seyne
Talbart
Trentalis
Wayndit
Occasionally the only definition offered for a word is "uncertain" or
"not understood". There are also several words for which there is no
definition at all (presumably this is accidental). A list of all
undefined words appears below:
BAZE
BEDOWIN
BELLIS
BIGS
BLAIDS
BLINNYNG
BORN
CATINE
CLARCHE PIPE
COUBROUN (Uncertain, both as to signification and etymon.)
DGUHARE
DOOR
FAINY (Not understood.)
FIFT
FLIRDON
FLYRIT (Not understood.)
FLURDOM
GLASHIE
GORGÉ (Not understood.)
GRYLLES
HAMMELL (Not understood.)
HEGGERBALD (Not understood.)
HENSEIS (Uncertain.)
HOAS (Not understood.)
KNYPSIT
LAVER
LOT (Uncertain.)
LUTHE (Not understood.)
MAYNDIT
MUSSLING (Uncertain.)
NYCHLIT (Uncertain.)
PAITLATTIS (Uncertain.)
RAY (Uncertain.)
RAKKET (Uncertain.)
REHATOURE (Uncertain.)
RUWITH (Uncertain.)
SEIR (Uncertain.)
SEWANE (Uncertain.)
SLOT (Uncertain.)
SNEITH (Uncertain.)
SPEANLIE (Uncertain.)
TEYND (Uncertain.)
THURCH (Uncertain.)
WERSLETE (Uncertain.)
There follows a list of specific amendments to the text:
s.v. ATTELED: "Sir Gawan and Sir Gal." has been italicised.
s.v. AWSTRENE: "_auster us_" changed to "_auster-us_".
s.v. BELD CYTTES: "receives it" changed to "receives its".
s.v. BLEACH: "Gl. Shirr." changed to "_Gl. Shirr._"
s.v. _To_ BLETHER: "stulte" changed to "stultè".
s.v. _To_ BLOCK: "before he begin" changed to "before he begins".
s.v. _To_ BLUSTER: "~Bluddeb~" changed to "~Bludder~".
s.v. BRAIS, _s. pl._: "fraus" changed to "fraud".
s.v. _To_ BROIGH: "_Brothe_" changed to "~Brothe~".
s.v. BUISTY: "Gl. Shirr." changed to "_Gl. Shirr._"
s.v. BUT: "extra. foras" changed to "extra, foras".
s.v. _To_ BUSK: "_butz frauu_" changed to "_butz frau_".
s.v. CHANDLER: "candle-dlestick" changed to "candle-stick".
s.v. CHIEL: "expressive of disrepect" changed to "expressive of
disrespect".
s.v. CHILD: "tranferred" changed to "transferred".
s.v. CLEVERUS: "~Cleuck~" changed to "~Cleuch~".
s.v. COUPLE: "_kupul ty_" changed to "_kupul-ty_".
s.v. _To_ CRAK: "V. ~Crak~" changed to "V. ~Crack~".
s.v. _To_ DRANT: "enunnunciation" changed to "enunciation".
s.v. EITHER: "Ang." has been moved up from the following line, to read
"EITHER, Or, Ang."
s.v. FIEL: "Burns" changed to "_Burns_".
s.v. GALYEARD: "In a spright manner." changed to "In a sprightly
manner."
s.v. GRUTTEN: "_Romsay_" changed to "_Ramsay_".
s.v. HARRAGE: "land-land" changed to "landlord".
s.v. HITHER ~and~ YONT: "~anb~" changed to "~and~".
s.v. JONETTE: "_jaulnettv_" changed to "_jaulnette_".
s.v. KILT-RACK: "_Kilt_" changed to "~Kilt~".
s.v. KINSCH, KINCH: "S. S." changed to "S."
s.v. _To_ KNAP: "_Hamiltoun._" changed to "_Hamilton._"
s.v. LUCK-PENNY: "bargain, _S._" changed to "bargain, S."
s.v. MAUCHT: "Feeble, S. S." changed to "Feeble, S."
s.v. MERCH: "_Hamiltoun._" changed to "_Hamilton._"
s.v. MOSS: "_Moss-crops, and Moor-grass_" changed to "_Moss-crops_, and
_Moor-grass_".
s.v. MUSH: "eave-droper" changed to "eave-dropper".
"_To_ EK" changed to "_To_ NEK".
s.v. NOCK: "Gl. Shirr." changed to "_Gl. Shirr._"
s.v. PADDOCK-HAIR: "_s._ 2." changed to "_s._ 1."
s.v. PERJINK: "apper" changed to "appear".
"To QUAT": changed to "_To_ QUAT".
s.v. QUOY: "origiginally" changed to "originally".
s.v. REVE: "Lat. _ravus_" changed to "Lat. _rav-us_" (to show stem and
ending).
s.v. _To_ ROIP: "V. ~Ronp~" changed to "V. ~Roup~".
s.v. RAITH: "RAITH, RAITH" changed to "RAITH".
s.v. ROUN: "_arbour_" changed to "_Barbour_".
s.v. ROW: "To ~row about~" changed to "_To_ ~Row About~".
s.v. SKALLAG: the letter "_s._" has been added after "SCALLAG" in place
of an obliterating blob.
s.v. SAWTH: "SAWTH, Ʒ _p. v._" changed to "SAWTH, _p. v._".
s.v. _To_ SOPE: "SOPE SOUP" changed to "SOPE, SOUP"; also after "To
become weary", the incomplete phrase "to fa " has been changed to
"to faint".
s.v. SOUCYE: "_e._" changed to "_s._".
s.v. _To_ SPANYS: "Er. _espanouissement_" changed to "Fr.
_espanouissement_".
s.v. _To_ SPELL: "_spial a_" changed to "_spial-a_".
s.v. TERCE: "_Esrkine._" changed to "_Erskine._"
s.v. _To_ TING: "~Ting~" changed to "TING"; and "_To_ ~Tinkle~, _on_"
changed to "_To_ ~Tinkle~ _on_".
s.v. UNSEL: "infortutunium" changed to "infortunium".
s.v. _to_ WADGE: "To shake in a threating" changed to "To shake in a
threatening".
s.v. WRAK: "_Pennecuick._" changed to "_Pennecuik._"
My thanks to the proofers and formatters for noting most of these
_errata_ and _corrigenda_.