incredulity. “From what we hear and observe of the man,” says
the _Examiner_, in a leading article, “we do not believe he
would have risked his life to preserve a trading concern of
which he had only a fourth share. We expect the truth will
be that he began to forge to get money for himself, and was
obliged to go on because bankruptcy would have led to his
detection.” The leader proceeds to condemn the law of banking,
and to attack the monopoly of the Bank.
9. _The Observer._
The veteran Sunday journal--which at this period was the
property of Wm. Clement, who owned also the _Morning
Chronicle_, and afterwards _Bell’s Life_--takes the bulk of its
reports, like most of the weekly papers, from the columns of
the daily press.
10. _The Sunday Times._
This hardy newspaper (which age cannot wither) condemns the
criminal code that makes forgery a capital offence, and charges
Messrs Marsh, Stracey and Graham with previous knowledge of
their partner’s guilt. On October 10 appeared the famous letter
from malignant ex-Sheriff Parkins, complaining that Fauntleroy
or his partners had surrendered certain private documents which
he had left at their bank in safe custody. In those days the
_Sunday Times_ was under the proprietorship of its founder,
Daniel Harvey.
11. _The Englishman._
A weekly paper, containing reports similar to those in the
_Observer_.
12. _Bell’s Weekly Messenger._
The leading article of December 5 expresses the hope that Mr
Fauntleroy will be the last person executed for forgery. As
a matter of fact the Berners Street frauds postponed this
much-desired reform, and the illogical argument of George III.
was revived in another shape--“If Dr. Dodd is pardoned, then
the Perreaus have been murdered.” Captain John Montgomery would
have been hanged on July 4, 1828, for forging bank notes, had
he not cheated the gallows by the aid of prussic acid; Joseph
Hunton, the Quaker, suffered death at Newgate on December 8
following, for issuing counterfeit bills of exchange; and
Thomas Maynard, who had obtained money from the Custom House
under a fraudulent warrant, was executed in the same place on
the last day of the year 1829. After this date, although the
capital penalty was not finally abolished until 1837, no other
person was hanged for forgery in this country.
13. _Bell’s Weekly Dispatch._
This newspaper, founded in 1801--five years after his _Weekly
Messenger_--by John Bell, the printer of the _British Poets_,
had now become the property of James Harmer the Old Bailey
attorney, who was Fauntleroy’s solicitor. The scathing attacks
upon Joseph Wilfred Parkins, which appear in this journal on
October 3, October 10 and November 14, explain the reason
of the ‘XXX Sheriff’s’ animosity towards the unfortunate
banker. Some time before the arrest of the forger, Parkins,
who had a law-suit pending, requested Fauntleroy to return a
certain cheque for £6000 that he had drawn upon his firm a
few years previously. The reply was that, as it could not be
found, probably it had been destroyed. On the strength of this
statement, Parkins swore in the witness-box on September 13,
when his action was being tried, that the cheque in dispute had
never been presented, but to his amazement and consternation
the missing piece of paper was produced in Court. In
consequence, he not only lost his case, but was called upon to
stand his trial for perjury on December 20 following. By some
means or other wily James Harmer, who happened to be solicitor
for the defendants against whom Parkins was bringing his
action, had discovered the cheque at the Berners Street Bank
soon after Fauntleroy’s arrest, and perceiving its importance
to his clients, had appropriated it. Naturally, this amusing
piece of strategy was not relished by the choleric ex-Sheriff,
who cast most of the blame upon the shoulders of the unhappy
banker, and pursued him to the death without mercy.
The _Weekly Dispatch_ made a great effort to save the doomed
man, and the petition for reprieve which lay at its office
received three thousand signatures. The Rev. Cotton, Ordinary
of Newgate, comes in for some well-deserved censure for the
tone of his ‘Condemned Sermon’
14. _Pierce Egan’s Life in London._
This paper, started February 1, 1824, by the creator of _Tom
and Jerry_, gives extracts, copies for the most part from other
sources, and similar information to that contained in Pierce
Egan’s account.
15. _John Bull._
Naturally, Theodore Hook’s paper did not miss the opportunity
of inveighing against _The Times_ for its cruelty towards
Fauntleroy, or of ridiculing the sanctimonious articles of the
_Morning Chronicle_. Still, it is unjust to Mrs Fry’s friend
and helper, the humane Mr Baker, whose work among the prisoners
at Newgate merits the highest praise.
16. _The Globe and Traveller._
Condemns the ‘mischievous law’ passed in 1708 to support the
Bank of England’s monopoly, which prevented a private banking
establishment from being controlled by more than six partners.
The journal contends with truth that this legislation “forces
a business of great responsibility, which should be of entire
security, into the hands of small firms.” The law of 1825
altered all this.
17. _The Courier._
Has a weakness for drawing attention to its own propriety, in
comparison with that of its contemporaries. Its leader on the
evening of the execution declares that, although it refrained
from comment while there was a chance of mercy, it applauds
the firmness of justice in refusing a reprieve when there was
nothing in Fauntleroy’s case to merit such interference. The
_Courier_ was in the hands of Daniel Stuart--a great name in
journalism--who was proprietor also of the _Morning Post_.
18. _The Sun._
A somewhat feeble paper, though well printed and arranged,
edited by John Taylor. It prides itself on never printing
anything about Fauntleroy except the proceedings before the
magistrates.
19. _The Brighton Gazette._
Cudgels _The Times_ lustily, and is indignant that a mere
London paper should presume to know more about Mr Fauntleroy’s
seaside residence than a journal published in Brighton. About
two years later the _Gazette_ has much to say about the
beautiful Maria Fox (_alias_ Forbes, _alias_ Forrest, _alias_
Rose), who had lived under the protection of the fraudulent
banker. A retired lawyer named Barrow, who resided next door to
the lady on the New Stein, accused her of keeping a disorderly
house, and she was called upon to meet this charge at the Lewes
Assizes. Although the fine advocacy of John Adolphus obtained
a verdict of not guilty, the judge went out of his way to
compliment the author of the prosecution. (_Vide_ the _Brighton
Gazette_, April 5, 1827; also September 14 and 21, 1826.)
20. _The Rambler’s Magazine, or Frolicsome Companion._ Printed and
published by William Dugdale, 23 Russell Court, Drury Lane. April 1,
1827, pp. 180-182 (_vide_ Trial of Maria Fox).
The learned ‘Pisanus Fraxi’--H. S. Ashbee--whose knowledge of
this class of literature is unrivalled, gives no description
of this particular publication. It may be a plagiarism of
a magazine of about the same date, and bearing an almost
similar title (which it appears to resemble), noticed in
_Catena Librorum Tacendorum_, p. 327. Periodicals of this name
are almost as numerous, between the years 1782-1829, as the
_Newgate Calendars_. The _Rambler’s Magazine_ makes two things
evident: first, that Fauntleroy’s _chère amie_ was a “fair and
engaging woman”; and secondly, that Mr Barrow had much cause of
complaint.
21. _The Gentleman’s Magazine_, November 1824 (part ii. p. 461);
December 1824 (part ii. p. 580).
In the December number there is a trenchant letter from the
Earl of Normanton, condemning the criminal code. “Philosophy
would deem it an abuse,” says he, “to punish the crime of a
Fauntleroy in the same manner as the crime of a Thurtell.” For
the obituary notice of William Moore Fauntleroy, the brother of
the forger, see the _Gentleman’s Magazine_, part ii. p. 1092,
1803.
NOTES ON THE FAUNTLEROY CASE
NOTE I.--_Pierce Egan’s Account of the Trial of H. Fauntleroy._ Knight
and Lacey, 1824.
No one excelled the historian of the Prize Ring in this style
of literature, and his two other similar works, the _Life of
Samuel Denmore Hayward_ (1822), and the _Account of the Trial
of John Thurtell_ (1824), will remain text-books for all time.
Pierce Egan makes a note (p. 21) that Mr. Fauntleroy has never
used a ‘slang expression’ during his imprisonment. The surprise
indicated by this comment is natural, for, robbed of his
italics, the author of _Life in London_ would have been left as
naked to his enemies as Cardinal Wolsey.
NOTE II.--_The Newgate Calendar._ Knapp and Baldwin (1824-28). Vol. iv.
pp. 285-390.
Accepting the statement made by most of the daily newspapers,
this account declares that Fauntleroy was hanged for defrauding
his wife’s family. Although this statement was made by _The
Times_ on October 2, it was denied two days later in that
paper, and the contradiction was published also in _Bell’s
Weekly Messenger_, the _Globe_, and the _Courier_. Again, on
December 4 _The Times_ repeats once more that “Miss Frances
Young is no relation to Mrs Fauntleroy.” Considering the
bitter rivalry that existed between the various newspapers,
and the jealous criticism that each journal bestowed upon the
information of its contemporaries, it is certain that if the
assertion made by _The Times_ had been untrue--and if false it
could have been disproved easily--its rivals would have exposed
it with the greatest joy. Moreover, since Fauntleroy might
have been charged with twenty other indictments, the public
mind would have been shocked had his sister-in-law alone been
selected as the instrument of vengeance.
NOTE III.--_The Anatomy of Sleep._ Edward Binns, M.D. Churchill (1842).
p. 282.
Although such an escape was a physical impossibility to
Fauntleroy, there is a rational explanation of the strange
superstition--referred to in this book--that he did not die
on the scaffold, but was resuscitated, and lived abroad for
many years. At eight o’clock on the evening of his death the
body was taken by the undertakers, Gale and Barnard, to their
premises opposite Newgate prison, where the coffin was fastened
down immediately by order of the relatives, who had reason
to fear that the morbid--attracted by the notoriety of the
criminal--would seek by means of a bribe to view the remains.
The flames of rumour are set ablaze by a tiny spark, and the
fact that no one outside the prison saw the dead body of the
forger may have revived popular faith in a favourite belief.
The haste, too, in sealing up the shell may have excited
suspicion. For in later days it is certain that many persons
cherished the idea that Fauntleroy, more lucky than Jack
Sheppard or Dr Dodd, whose friends tried in vain to restore
them to life, had survived his execution. _Vide_ also _Notes
and Queries_, First Series, viii. 270, ix. 445, x. 114, 233.
Possibly that prince of inkslingers, G. W. M. Reynolds, may
have had the Fauntleroy legend in his mind when he drew the
picture of the resuscitated forger in the first part of his
obscene and scurrilous romance, _The Mysteries of the Court
of London_. Fauntleroy was buried in the cemetery at Bunhill
Fields on Thursday, Dec. 2.
NOTE IV.--_Old Stories Retold._ By George Walter Thornbury (1867), p.
290.
Mr Walter Thornbury makes a brave and ingenious attempt to
explain “the mystery still shrouding the great Fauntleroy
swindle,” and “to conjecture for what purpose the dishonest
banker preserved in a private box so carefully a suicidal
statement of his own misdoings.” His conclusion is that
Fauntleroy invented the lie so it should not be thought that he
had been influenced by motives of greed, but that as time went
on he began actually to credit the untruth, and, treasuring
the paper for conscience’ sake, was for years “buoyed up by
the secret excuse of an absurd and illogical revenge.” It
is only a want of lucidity that prevented Mr Thornbury from
unshrouding the mystery, for the explanation--the key of which
he held in his hand--is a simple one. There was method in
Fauntleroy’s seeming madness. The document found in his private
box, which gave a list of his forgeries, and contained the
footnote explaining that his motive was revenge against the
Bank, was dated May 7, 1816. It is notorious that never in her
history was the Old Lady of Threadneedle Street so unpopular
as at this time. For nearly twenty years she had borne the
odium caused by the suspension of cash payments, and by the
alarming depreciation of paper money. In like manner, the panic
which overthrew so many provincial houses in 1814, 1815, and
1816 was ascribed to her envied monopoly; and her consequent
prosperity, owing to the demand for Bank of England notes,
helped to increase the widespread jealousy. Never had forger
a more splendid shield than Henry Fauntleroy. Although he had
hoped and believed that the proceeds of his first frauds would
enable his firm to weather the financial storm, yet if Nemesis
should overtake him before he had struggled through the slough,
he was justified in supposing that the Board of Directors might
hesitate to prosecute a man who would be hailed as a popular
champion. Indeed, had his crime been as paltry as that of
Henry Savary, it is quite probable that the public would have
regarded him as an intrepid enemy of the Bank’s monopoly, and
that a like storm which compelled the financial legislation of
1819 and 1825 might have saved him from the scaffold. Fate
compelled him to overreach himself, or the crafty story of
revenge might have been believed.
NOTE V.--_The History of the Catnach Press._ By Charles Hindley (1886),
p. 73.
But for the indefatigable researches of this author we should
know little of the immortal Jemmy, who, it must be remembered,
was the Alfred Harmsworth of his day.
NOTE VI.--_Dic. Nat. Biog._
Like Pierce Egan and Charles Hindley, the writer of this
monograph states that Fauntleroy was convicted for a fraud
upon his sister-in-law, which is the more remarkable as _The
Times_ is cited as an authority. The name of the forger’s
father was not Henry, but William; the arrest was made on
September 10, not September 11; the warrant of commitment
charged him with embezzling, not a thousand, but ten thousand
pounds; the Berners Street Bank was not founded in 1782, but
ten years later; the value of Miss Young’s stock was £5450;
and Fauntleroy was committed for trial on October 19. There
does not appear to be any authority for the assertion that the
fraudulent transfers first began in 1815, and it would be more
correct to say that Messrs Marsh, Stracey & Company announced
the suspension of payment on September 13.
NOTE VII.--_History of the Bank of England._ By John Francis (1847).
Vol. i. pp. 339-345.
The author of this work, relying upon the evidence of J.
H. Palmer before a Committee of the House of Commons in
1832, estimates the loss of the Bank of England through the
Fauntleroy forgeries at £360,000. Although these figures were
correct at the time when the Governor made his statement, the
Bank received £95,000 from Messrs Marsh, Stracey & Company
during September 1835, in full discharge of their debt.[1]
Thus, as the gross loss to the Bank, according to John Horsley
Palmer, was £360,214, the actual loss appears to have been
reduced to £265,214.
NOTE VIII.--For particulars of the Berners Street Bankruptcy consult
the following:--
(_a_) _The Bank of England’s Case_ under Marsh & Co.’s
Commission. By a Solicitor. (Lupton Relfe, 113 Cornhill. 1825.)
(_b_) _The Bank of England’s Claim_ ... in reply to Mr
Wilkinson’s Report upon the Facts. (Lupton Relfe. 1825.)
(_c_) _Ryan and Moody’s Law Reports from 1823-1826._ “Stone and
Another _v._ Marsh, Stracey & Graham.” P. 364.
(_d_) _Reports of Cases determined at Nisi Prius from
1823-1827._ By Edward Ryan and Wm. Moody. “Hume and Another
_v._ Bolland and Others.” P. 371.
(_e_) _Cases in Bankruptcy from 1821-1828._ By Thomas Glynn and
Robert Jameson. “Governor and Company of the Bank of England in
the matter of Marsh, Stracey, Graham and Fauntleroy.” Vol. ii.
pp. 363-368, 446.
(_f_) _The Report of Committee of Secrecy on the Bank of
England’s Charter_ (1832). _Vide_ Evidence of John Horsley
Palmer (Governor). P. 9, and Appendix, p. 55.
(_g_) _Returns as to Bankruptcies previous to the Act of
Parliament, 1831._ (1839.) Vol. xliii. p. 96.
[1] I wish to acknowledge, with many thanks, the kindness of Mr Kenneth
Graham, Secretary of the Bank of England, in verifying the sum paid by
the assignees of Marsh, Stracey & Company.
INDEX
Abbott, Charles, 124.
Abinger, Baron, 167.
Adair, Mr James, 49, 52, 53.
Adair, Mr Serjeant James, 53.
Adair, Dr Robert, 39, 73.
Adair, Robin (origin of song), 39, 73.
Adair, Mr William, 39, 40 _sq._;
discovers his signature, 42;
mentioned, 46, 49, 55.
Addington, Dr Anthony, 17;
Henry, 133, 140, 141, 179.
Adolphus, John, 214.
Ainsworth, Harrison, vii.
Akerman (Governor of Newgate), his humanity, 63, 98.
Albemarle, second Earl, 39.
Alley, Mr (counsel for Wall), 123, 124, 196.
Alvanley, Lord, 187.
Ammersley, Mr (banker), 94, 95.
Angel, Miss. _See_ Kauffman, Angelica.
Angelini, Edmund, 199.
Angelo, Domenico, 92, 101.
Angelo, Henry, 62, 108.
Aram, Eugene, viii, 104.
Armstrong, Benjamin, 119, 121, 125, 127, 143, 145.
Asgill, Sir Charles, 90, 91.
Ashbee, H. S., 224.
Ashe, Miss, 173.
Aston, Sir Richard, 28, 54, 61.
Atlay, J. B., vii.
Ayliffe, John, 85.
Bailey (barrister), 57, 58, 62.
Baker (coiner), executed, 65.
Baker, Mr, 197, 199, 201 _sq._, 223, 226.
Bamford, Sam, 192.
‘Bang’ Mrs, 181, 190, 212.
Bank of England, 184 _sq._, 194 _sq._, 208, 216 _sqq._, 225 _sq._
Barnes, Thomas, 221.
Barrington, George, 206.
Barrow, Mr, 224.
Bartolozzi, F., completes engraving by Ryland, 97.
Bathurst, Henry (barrister), 23.
Bell, John, 222.
_Bell’s Weekly Dispatch_, 222.
_Bell’s Weekly Messenger_, 222.
Binfield, Betty, 15, 17.
Binns, Edward, 225.
Black, John, 220.
Blackburn, Joseph, 205.
Blake, William, mentioned, 79;
visit to Ryland, 88.
Blandy, Francis, described, 1 _sqq._;
breaks with Cranstoun, 8;
invites him to Henley, 10;
attitude towards him, 10;
falls ill, 13;
suspects poison, 16;
last hours, 18 _sq._;
death, 20.
Blandy, Mary, mentioned, viii, 9, 74;
described, 2;
early life, 3 _sqq._;
engagement to Cranstoun, 4 _sq._;
passion for Cranstoun, 8 _sq._;
fear of disinheritance, 11;
plots with Cranstoun, 11;
receives love philtre from him, 12;
prepares her father’s oatmeal, 14 _sq._;
suspected by her father, 16;
calls in Dr Addington, 17;
writes to Cranstoun, 17;
conversation with dying father, 18 _sq._;
accused by Dr Addington, 20;
taken to Oxford castle, 21;
life there, 22;
trial, 23 _sqq._;
speech, 25;
found guilty, 27;
last days, 29;
execution, 30 _sqq._;
burial, 33;
date of birth, 38.
Blandy, Mrs, described, 2 _sq._;
death, 7.
Bolland, James, 205, 214.
Boswell, James, viii;
visits Mrs Rudd, 68.
Botting, James, 136, 204.
Boucher, François, 80 _sq._, 82, 105.
Boyd, Hugh M’Auley, 55.
Braham, John (singer), 39, 73.
Brandreth, Jeremy, 142.
_Brighton Gazette_, 224.
_British Press_, 221.
Broderick, Mr, 196.
Brooke, Dr, 46, 55.
Brown, Sheriff, 192, 202.
Brownrigg, Elizabeth, 54, 138.
Brummell, George (‘Beau’), 149.
Bryer & Co., 87.
Budworth, Joseph, writes of Mary of Buttermere, 146, 147;
advice to her, 148;
writes again, 148;
details of his articles, 176, 177.
Buller, Judge, 95 _sq._
Burke, William, 138.
Bute, Marquis of, 83;
employs Ryland, 84.
Butterfield, Jane, 59.
Buttermere, Mary (the Beauty of), mentioned, viii, ix;
Wordsworth’s lines on, 146;
becomes famous, 147;
Wordsworth’s and Coleridge’s account of, 147;
marries ‘Colonel Hope’ 152;
description of, 152;
wedding tour, 154;
announcement of marriage, 158;
discovers husband’s identity, 158;
letter to Sir Richard Forde, 165;
popular sympathy with, 166;
attitude to Hadfield after trial, 169;
child born, 173;
marriage and subsequent life, 174;
contemporary descriptions of, 176 _sq._
Byng, Admiral, 128.
Byron, Lord, 155.
Cadogan, Lord, 22.
Cameron, Jenny, 1.
Canning, Elizabeth, 34.
Canot, Peter Charles (engraver), 76.
Carlisle House, 86, 101.
Caroline, Queen, 189.
Casanova, 86.
Catnach, Jemmy, 188, 226.
Charlson, Abraham, 166.
Chatterton, Thomas, 205.
Chudleigh, Elizabeth, 10, 60, 86.
Churchill, Charles, 85.
Clement, Mr, 222.
Cock, Henry, 205.
Conant, Mr John, 185, 191.
Conway, General, 121.
Conyngham, Lady, 199.
Coleman, Henry, 22.
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, mentioned, viii;
articles on Hadfield, 169, 175;
description of Mary of Buttermere, 176.
Copley, Sir John, 193, 194.
_See also_ Lyndhurst, Lord.
Cornelys, Madame, 101.
_See also_ Imer, Therese.
Cornelys, Sophie, 86.
Cotton, Rev. (Ordinary of Newgate), 197, 198, 199, 200 _sq._, 202, 203, 223.
_Courier_, 223.
Cox, Sheriff, 134, 137, 138.
Cranstoun, Lady, 4, 5, 7, 10.
Cranstoun, fifth Lord, 4, 37.
Cranstoun, Captain William Henry, courts Miss Blandy, 4;
stays with Blandys, 4;
past life, 4 _sq._;
divorce suit, 6 _sq._;
dismissal from Henley, 8;
return, 10;
desperate position of, 10;
plots with Miss Blandy, 11;
returns to Scotland, 12;
sends ‘Scotch pebbles’ 12;
writes instructions, 13;
denounced by Mr Blandy, 18;
escape and death, 28;
alleged innocence, 37, 38;
mentioned, 74.
Crump, John Gregory, 149;
friendship with ‘Colonel Hope’ 149;
honours his draft, 152;
witness at Hadfield’s trial, 167;
mentioned, 168, 169.
Cumberland, Henry Frederick, Duke of, 48, 165.
Dagge, Henry (barrister), 45.
Dalboux, Hannah, 58.
Davy, Serjeant, 62.
Dawson, Mrs, 69.
Delaney, Mrs, 104.
Demarteau, Gilles (engraver), 82.
Dennis & Co., 161, 167.
D’Eon, Chevalier, 60.
De Quincey, articles on Hadfield, 169, 172, 176.
Despard, Col. Edward Marcus, ix, 140.
De Vaudreuil, 113.
Dickens, Charles, 192.
Disney, Mrs J. C., 212, 214.
Dodd, Dr, viii, 54, 67, 104, 186, 205, 225.
Donellan, Captain, viii, 105.
Drummond, Henry, 40 _sqq._
Drummond, Messrs, 40 _sqq._
Drummond, Robert, 40;
destroys Mrs Rudd’s writing, 44.
Duval, Claude, 173.
Egan, Pierce, 215, 223, 224.
Egmont, Lord, 40.
Eldon, Lord Chancellor, 132.
_Elia, Essays of_, 38.
Emmet, Ann, 13, 14.
_Englishman_, 222.
Evans, Private William, 120.
Ewart, William, 67, 221.
_Examiner_, 222.
Falconet, Pierre (portrait of Ryland), 87.
Faulkner, Mary, 129.
Fauntleroy, Henry, mentioned, viii, ix, 67;
becomes manager of bank, 179;
description of, 179;
character, 180;
private life, 181;
marriage, 182;
_liaisons_, 182;
forgeries, 183 _sq._;
discovery, 184;
arrest, 185;
examined at Marlborough Street, 187 _sq._;
excitement over his case, 188;
friendship with Parkins, 190;
imprisonment, 191;
employs Harmer as solicitor, 192;
trial, 193 _sq._;
defence, 195;
verdict, 196;
sentenced, 196;
last days, 197 _sqq._;
execution, 203;
comments on case, 205 _sqq._;
details of forgeries, 207 _sqq._;
and the newspapers, 220 _sqq._;
contemporary accounts of trial, 224 _sqq._;
reported resuscitation, 225;
written statement of motives discussed, 225.
Fauntleroy, John, 197.
Fauntleroy, William, 178;
death, 179.
Fauntleroy, William Moore, 180, 224.
Fawcett, Henry, 120.
Fenning, Elizabeth, viii, 33, 95.
Ferrers, Lord, viii, 53.
Ferrick, Peter (surgeon), 127 _sq._
Fielding, Henry, viii, 9, 33.
Fielding, Sir John, 46, 93.
Fielding, William, 124.
Fisher, Kitty, 48.
Fitzgerald, George Robert (‘fighting’), 114, 142.
Fitzroy, Lady Caroline, 10;
(Petersham, 173;
Lady Harrington, 86).
Foote, Miss, 207.
Forde, Rev. (Ordinary of Newgate), 135, 136.
Forde, Sir Richard, 165.
Fortrose, Baron, 123, 145.
Fox, Charles James, 141.
Fox, Maria, Fauntleroy’s mistress, 182;
visits him in Newgate, 197, 198;
mentioned, 212;
trial, 214.
Fragonard, Jean Honoré, 79, 80.
Francis, John, 226.
François, Jean Charles, 82.
Frankau, Mrs Julia, 88;
account of Ryland discussed, 109.
Frankland, Admiral Sir Thomas, 46, 52;
attacks Mrs Rudd, 57, 58;
prosecutor at her trial, 59;
daughters painted by Hoppner, 73.
Freeman, Mrs, 92.
Freshfield, Mr, 185, 186, 193.
Fry, Elizabeth, 197, 223.
Gahagan, Usher (poet), 104.
Gainsborough, Tom, 75.
Gale and Barnard, 225.
Gardelle, Theodore, 54, 104.
Garnet, Father, 212.
Garrick, David, 9.
Garrow, Baron, 193, 196.
_Gentleman’s Magazine_, 224.
George III.: mercilessness, 56, 63, 67;
portrait by Allan Ramsay, 83;
pardons Ryland’s brother, 86;
refuses to pardon Ryland, 97;
considers Wall’s case, 132;
refuses to pardon, 133.
George, Prince of Wales. _See_ George IV.
George IV.: humanity, 67, 149, 150;
character, 198.
Gibbon, Edward, 32.
Gillray, James, 177.
_Globe and Traveller_, 223.
Glynn (Recorder), 55.
Goodchild, Mr, 185.
Goree (island of), 113 _sqq._
Gould, Henry, 60.
Graham, W. (barrister), 95.
Graham, Mr, 211.
Granby, Lord, 48, 159.
Green, William, 176.
Grignion, Jacques (engraver), 76.
Gunnel, Susan, 13, 14, 13, 18 _sqq._
Gunning, the Misses, 34.
Gurney, John, 124, 193.
Gwynn, John, 85, 92, 101.
Hackman, Rev. Mr James, viii, 54, 105.
Hadfield, John, mentioned, viii, 146;
passes as Col. Hope, 148;
in Lake District, 149;
makes friends with John Crump, 149;
stays at Buttermere, 149;
acquaintance with Colonel Moore, 150;
betrothed to his niece, 150;
pretensions suspected, 151;
marries Mary of Buttermere, 152, 153 _sq._;
wedding tour, 154;
returns to Buttermere, 155;
confronted by George Hardinge, 155;
arrested, 156;
draws on Mr Crump, 156;
escape, 156 _sq._;
identity discovered, 158;
previous life, 159 _sqq._;
motives, 163;
details of escape, 163;
arrested, 164;
examination, 165;
taken to Carlisle, 166;
trial, 166 _sqq._;
speech, 167;
sentenced, 168;
last days, 168;
execution, 171;
burial, 171;
case examined, 172;
character and motives, 172 sq.
Hadfield, Mrs John, 161;
loyalty to husband, 165;
mentioned, 169.
Haley, Sheriff, 66.
Hamilton, Sir Edward, 141, 142, 143.
Hanson, John, 191.
Hardinge, George, 155 _sq._, 165.
Hare, William (‘burker’), 60.
Harmer, James, 192, 193, 196, 199;
reproves _Times_, 221;
proprietor of _Weekly Dispatch_, 222.
Harrington, Lady, 86. _See also_ Fitzroy, Lady Caroline.
Harris (turnkey of Newgate), 191, 201.
Harrison, Richard, marries Mary of Buttermere, 174.
Hart, Mrs Christian, 57, 58, 62.
Harvey, Daniel, 222.
Harvey, Edward, 143.
Harwood, Joseph, 198, 200.
Hawkins, Sir John, 76.
Hayes, Catherine, 123.
Hayman, Francis, 75.
Hayward, Samuel Denmore, 173;
life of, 224.
Heathfield, Lardner & Co., 167.
Heidegger, John James, 9.
Hindley, Charles, 226.
Hogarth, William, 76.
Holroyd, George, 167.
Holt (secretary E.I.C.), 94.
Hook, Theodore, 223.
Hope, Colonel Alexander Augustus.
_See_ Hadfield;
the real, 158, 166, 167, 170.
Hope, Anthony, 207.
Hopetoun, third Earl of, 148, 152, 166.
Howard, Frances, 34.
Hughes, Ball, 187.
Hughes, Sir Edward, 113.
Hulme, J. D., 184.
Hunt, Henry (‘orator’), 190.
Hunt, Joseph, 184, 192.
Hunton, Joseph, 222.
Hutchings, W. W., vii.
Imer, Therese, 86.
_See_ also Cornelys, Madame.
Jack (Rann), ‘Sixteen String’ 44, 54.
James III., 83.
Jeffries, Elizabeth, 34.
_John Bull_ (newspaper), 223.
Johnson, Patrick, 208.
Johnson, Dr Samuel, viii, 3;
and Mrs Rudd, 68.
Jones, Mr Arthur (solicitor), 40.
Kate, ‘Corinthian’ 181, 190, 212, 215.
Kauffman, Angelica, 105 _sqq._;
friendship with Ryland, 88;
pictures engraved by Ryland, 89 _sqq._;
mentioned, 101.
Key, Alderman John, 193, 202.
Kent, Constance, 34.
Kent, Mary Ann (Mrs Bang), 212.
Keppel, Lady Caroline, 39, 73.
Kerr, General Lord Mark, 4, 5, 6.
Kinder, Colonel George, 49;
attacks Mrs Rudd, 56.
Kirby (keeper of Newgate), 131, 133, 138.
Knowlys, Newman, 124.
La Charpillon, Mademoiselle, 86.
Lacy, Mrs, 128 _sq._
Lamb, Charles, 38.
Law, Edward (Attorney-General), 124;
conducts case against Wall, 125 _sqq._
Lawrence, Sir Soulden, 124.
Le Bas, Jacques Philippe, 81.
Legge, Judge, 23, 27.
Lee, George (highwayman), 65.
Leighton, Blair, 106.
Lewis, Evan, 126.
Lewis, Dr William, 20.
Lewis, ‘Monk’ 165.
Lloyd (housebreaker), 99.
Lovat, Lord, 83.
Lowry, Captain James, 138, 142 _sq._
Luddite riots, 166.
Lyndhurst, Lord, 193, 217.
Lyttelton, Lord, 62, 68.
Lyttleton, Lady, 40.
Macclesfield, Lord, 22.
Macdonald, Sir Archibald, 124.
Mackenzie, Frances, 123.
_See_ Mrs Wall.
Mackenzie, Captain Kenneth, 122, 128, 133, 141, 143.
Mackenzie, Kenneth (father of Mrs Wall), 145.
Mackintosh, James, 67, 221.
Macnamara, Colonel, 114.
Maclean, James, 173.
Mansfield, Lord (Chief-Justice), judgment in Mrs Rudd’s case, 60, 61;
mentioned, 68, 88.
Marsh, Sibbald & Co., 178.
Marsh, Stracey, Fauntleroy & Graham, 179, 196, 207 _sqq._, 221, 222, 226.
Marsh, Mr William, 178, 209, 211, 216.
Martin, Samuel (M.P.), 54.
Maybrick, Florence, 34.
Maynard, Thomas, 222.
Mills (bankers), 52.
Mirabeau, Count, 80.
Montgomery, Captain John, 222.
Moore, Col. Nathaniel Montgomery, 150;
cashes draft on Mr Crump, 151;
suspects ‘Colonel Hope’ 152;
confronts him, 155, 156;
mentioned, 167, 178.
Moreland, Mr (banker), 95.
_Morning Advertiser_, 221.
_Morning Chronicle_, 220, 221, 223.
_Morning Herald_, 220.
_Morning Post_, 220.
Mountenay, Mr, 24, 29.
Murray, Miss (Mrs Cranstoun), 6.
Murray, Fanny, 48.
Napier, Sir Charles, 121.
Nation, Mrs, 160;
marries Hadfield, 161.
_See also_ Mrs Hadfield.
Nelson, Sara, 176.
Newell, Thomas (attorney), 22.
_Newgate Calendar_, vii, viii, 69, 173, 224.
Newnham, Sheriff, 66.
Newton, Mr (lawyer), 167.
_New Times_, 221.
Nicholson, Rev. John, 153 _sq._;
faith in ‘Colonel Hope’ 155 _sq._;
assists his escape, 156 _sq._;
witness at Hadfield’s trial, 167;
mentioned, 172.
Nightingale, Mr, 90, 91.
Nollekens, Joseph, 75.
Norfolk, Duke of, 130, 189.
Norman, Henry, 205.
Norton, Benjamin (apothecary), 17, 18.
Nucella, Mr, 161.
_Observer_, 222.
Oldham (Deputy-Advocate), 130.
Palmer, J. H., 226.
Palmer, William, 138.
Park, Justice, 193, 196.
Parke, Colonel, 167.
Parkins, Joseph Wilfred, mentioned, 182, 215;
career, 189 _sq._;
indicted for perjury, 192;
at Fauntleroy’s trial, 192 _sq._;
letters to press against Fauntleroy, 220;
and _Morning Herald_, 220;
letter to _Sunday Times_, 222;
lawsuit, 223.
Parsons, William, 175.
Paterson, George, 119, 120;
dies, 121, 144, 145.
Peckham (counsel for Ryland), 94.
Peel, John, 174.
Peel, Sir Robert, 199.
Pelham, Lord, 124, 131.
Perceval, Spencer, 124.
Perreau, Daniel, mentioned, ix, 39, 205;
description of, 44;
committed to prison, 46;
relations with Mr Rudd, 48 _sq._;
speculations, 49;
takes house in Harley Street, 50;
statement in defence, 52;
on trial at Old Bailey, 54;
defence and condemnation, 55;
attitude after trial, 63;
in the Press Yard, 63;
drive to Tyburn, 64 _sq._;
execution, 66;
guilt, 67.
Perreau, Mrs Daniel.
_See_ Mrs Rudd.
Perreau, Mrs Robert, 58;
evidence at Mrs Rudd’s trial, 62;
begs Queen for mercy, 63.
Perreau, Robert, mentioned, 39, 205;
at Drummond’s Bank, 40 _sqq._;
denounces Mrs Rudd, 45;
committed to prison, 46;
attitude towards brother, 50;
joins in plans of Daniel and Mrs Rudd, 51;
cashes bonds, 52;
trial at Old Bailey, 54;
defence and condemnation, 55;
loyalty to brother, 63;
attempts to save, 63;
in Press Yard, 63;
drive to Tyburn, 64 _sq._;
execution, 66;
guilt, 67.
Petersham, Lady Caroline (Fitzroy), 173.
Picton, Thomas, 142.
Pitt, William, 132, 141.
Plank, Samuel, 185.
Plumer, Thomas, 124, 129.
Pocock, Mrs, 31.
Pompadour, Mme. de, 79, 81.
Poplett, Lieut. Thomas, 127.
Quick (clerk), 167.
_Rambler’s Magazine_, 224.
Ramsay, Allan (portrait of George III.), 83.
Rann, John (‘Sixteen String Jack’), 44, 54.
Ransome & Moreland, 91.
Ratcliffe (coiner), executed, 65.
Ravenet (engraver), 76, 77.
Ray, Martha, viii;
Récamier, Madame, 166.
Reed, Mr Frederick, of Hassness, 176.
Reynolds, G. W. M., 225.
Reynolds, Sir Joshua, viii, 75, 105.
Rice (broker), 53.
Rich, John, 9.
Rives, Mr (lawyer), 22, 30.
Roberts, Captain, 116, 145.
Robinson, George, 120.
Robinson, Mary.
_See_ Buttermere, Beauty of.
Romilly, Samuel, 67, 221.
Rooke, Sir Giles, 124.
Roubiliac, 75.
Rous (barrister), 95.
Rouvelett, John, 205.
Ryland, Edward, 74;
his plates, 76.
Ryland, Mrs, 92;
opens print-shop, 104.
Ryland, Richard, 87.
Ryland, William Wynne, mentioned, viii, ix, x, 54, 205;
attends St Martin’s Lane Academy, 74 _sq._;
apprenticed to Ravenet, 76;
home in Old Bailey, 77;
goes to Paris, 78;
at Boucher’s studio, 80 _sq._;
engravings after Boucher, 81;
learns stipple, 82;
makes the grand tour, 82;
exhibits in England, 83;
returns to England, 83;
appointed king’s engraver, 84;
engraves royal pictures, 85;
friends, 85;
society, 86;
obtains pardon for brother, 86;
resides in Stafford Row, 87;
portrait, 87;
starts as print-seller, 87;
fails, 87;
visited by Blake, 87;
friendship with Angelica Kauffman, 87;
engraves her pictures, 89;
print-shop in Strand, 90;
success, 90;
extravagance, 91;
charged with forgery, 92;
in hiding, 92;
attempts suicide, 93;
in Bridewell, 93;
trial, 94;
condemnation, 95;
last engravings, 97;
progress to Tyburn, 98 _sqq._;
execution, 102;
burial, 104;
guilt, 104;
genius, 105;
Mrs Frankau’s account of, 109;
other accounts, 109;
list of engravings by, 110.
Rudd, Margaret Caroline, mentioned, viii, 105;
description of, 43;
confesses forgery, 44;
committed to Bridewell, 46;
appears before Sir John Fielding, 46;
admitted as evidence for Crown, 47;
previous life, 47 _sqq._;
passes as Daniel Perreau’s wife, 49;
sources of income, 49, 50;
family, 50;
skill as forger, 51;
statement in defence, 53;
committed to Newgate, 54;
arouses public sympathy, 56;
her enemies, 56;
defends herself in the press, 56;
dealings with Mrs Hart, 58;
and with Hannah Dalboux, 58;
her ‘pair of scissors’ 59;
six months in Newgate, 60;
her case before the judges, 61;
gives her brief, 61;
appearance at Old Bailey, 61;
trial and acquittal, 62;
conduct reviewed, 68;
subsequent history, 68;
death, 69.
Rudd, Valentine, 48.
Rutland, Duke of, 159.
St Martin’s Lane Academy, 74.
Salvadore (moneylender), 48.
Sanxy (Dr), 59.
Savary, Henry, 205, 225.
Scarlett, James, 167, 213.
Scawen, William, 59.
Scotin (engraver), 76.
Seaforth, Lord, 145.
Selwyn, George, 32, 104.
Serres, Olive, 189.
Sharp, William (engraver), 97.
Sheppard, Jack, 206, 225.
Sibbald, Sir James, 178, 211.
Sidmouth, Lord, 190.
Skelton, Mr, 149.
Slaughter’s coffee house, 75.
Smith (Governor of Bridewell), 93.
Smith, Madeleine, 34.
Smith, Tom, 104.
Smythe, Judge, 23.
Springett, Rev., 197, 199, 201 _sq._, 220.
Stark, Thomas, 40.
Stevens, Serjeant Henry, 8, 38.
Stewart, John, 49.
Stracey, Sir Edward, 178.
Stracey, Mr J. H. (Sir Josias), 178, 188, 211.
Strange, Robert (engraver), 83.
Strutt, James (pupil to Ryland), 84.
Stuart, Daniel, 223.
_Sun_, 223.
_Sunday Times_, 221, 222.
Sutherland, Captain John, 143.
Swinton, Rev. John, 26, 29, 30.
Sydney, Lord, 117.
_See also_ Townshend.
Sylvester (Crown counsel), 95.
Tadema, Alma, 106.
Taylor, Sheriff Robert, 93, 98.
Thistlewood, Arthur, 142.
Thomson, Sir Alexander, 166, 172.
Thornbury, George Walter, 206, 225.
Thornhill, Sir James, 75.
Thornton, Abraham, 167.
Thurtell, John, viii, 184, 188, 192, 221, 224.
Timbs, Private Charles, 130.
_Times_, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225.
Townshend, Mr, 112, 115, 117.
Traill, H. D., 175.
Turner, Anne, 34.
Turton, William Henry, 143.
Urban, Sylvanus, 145.
Upton, Corporal Thomas, 120;
dies, 121.
Vickery (Governor of Coldbath Fields Prison), 191, 221.
Villette, Rev. (Ordinary of Newgate), 65, 66;
at Ryland’s execution, 99, 102.
Waithman (Lord Mayor), 190.
Waterman, Mr (papermaker), 95.
Wale, Sam, 76.
Walker (engraver), 76.
Walpole, Horace, 21, 34, 59, 104.
Walter, Mr, 216, 221.
Wall, Augustine, 145.
Wall, Governor Joseph, mentioned, ix;
description of, 112;
Governor of Goree, 113;
serves in West Indies, 113;
in John Company, 113;
duels, 114;
service in North-West Africa, 114;
Governor of Goree, 115;
censured by Horse Guards, 116;
arrest, 117;
escape, 117;
his soldiers in Goree, 117;
their discontent, 118, 119;
has soldiers flogged, 120;
fugitive abroad, 122;
returns to London, 123;
surrenders, 124;
trial, 125 _sqq._;
sentence, 131;
last days, 131 _sqq._;
execution, 137;
body ransomed from Surgeons’ Hall, 139;
burial, 139;
comments on his case, 139 _sqq._;
other accusations against, 144;
reported court-martial, 145;
flogging of other soldiers, 145;
date of appointment, 145.
Wall, Mrs Joseph, 123;
attempts to get husband reprieved, 131;
parting with husband, 133;
mentioned, 145.
Watteau, Antoine, 79.
Wellington, Duke of, 198.
Weston, Henry, 205.
Whibley, Charles, vii.
Wild, Jonathan (thief-taker), 74.
Wilkes, John, 48, 87;
at Perreaus’ trial, 54.
Wilkes, Miss Polly, 56.
Wilson, Harriet, 182.
Wilson, Richard, 75.
Wilkinson, Mr, 213.
Wilkinson, Tate, 21.
William IV., 198.
Williams, Peter, 129.
Williams-Wynne, Sir Watkin, 74.
Wontner (Governor of Newgate), 191, 196, 201.
Wordsworth, William, mentioned, viii;
lines on Mary of Buttermere, 144, 145, 176;
on ‘little Barbara Lewthwaite’ 148;
visits Hadfield in gaol, 169.
Wood, Alderman, 189.
Wood, George, 124, 167.
Wright, Sir Sampson, 45, 93.
York, Duke of, 150.
Young, Miss Elizabeth, 187.
Young, Miss Frances, 187, 194, 225.
Youngson, Margaret Caroline, 49.
_See also_ Rudd.
PRINTED BY NEILL AND CO., LTD., EDINBURGH.
Transcriber's Note:
Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation are as in the original.