=À Becket, St. Thomas=. See '=St. Thomas=.'
=Addington=, megalithic remains at, 253 (note 2).
=Adie, Mrs.=, her valuable book, The Pilgrim's Way, referred to,
136, 214.
=Albury=, 'Weston Street' old name of, 136 (note 2).
=---- Church=, old (SS. Peter and Paul), passed, according to
Ordnance map, to south by Old Road, 110 (note).
=---- Park=, preservation of Old Road in, 82;
discussion of Old Road in, 174, 175.
=---- Wood.= See '=Weston=.'
=Alfred=, desecration of grave of, 125.
=Alresfords=, the, not on the Old Road, 127;
medieval road to, from Alton, 129, 130 (note 1).
=Alton=, battle of, mentioned, 126;
approach to medieval road to Alresford from, 129, 130 (note 1);
approach to, described, 144-146.
=Anchor=, Inn at Ropley, 137, 138 (map).
=Anglo-Saxon Period=, character of, 83-85. See also =Dark Ages=.
=Antiquity=, fascination of, 10.
=Arthur's Seat= (near Redhill), exceptional passage of Old Road to
north of crest at, 106 (note); described on journey, 209.
=Avebury=, and Stonehenge, mark convergence of prehistoric roads,
16.
=Aylesford=, a crossing of the Medway, its claims discussed,
245-248;
and map, 236; 253 (note 2).
=Barfleur=, last southern port of 'Second Crossing,' 49, 50.
=Barrow=, near Chilham, 269.
=Bentley=, passage of Old Road by, 149.
=Betchworth Lime Pits=, passed on journey and described, 188-193.
=Bigberry Camp=, fort of Canterbury, stormed by Caesar, 43;
compared with St. Catherine's Hill at Winchester, 70;
Professor Boyd-Dawkins's examination of, 271 (note), visited on
journey and described, 273-275.
=Bishopstoke=, church of, on site of Druidical stone circle, 109.
=Bishop Sutton=, church of, passage of Old Road as near as possible
to south of, 110;
mentioned in Domesday, 130;
passed on our journey, 134.
=Bittern= (=Clausentum=), example of Roman use of Second Crossing,
55.
=Bletchingly=, example of Old Road on crest of hill, 107.
=Boughton Aluph=, hills beyond, example of Old Road on crest of
hill, 107.
=---- ---- Church=, example of church passed to south, 110;
passed on journey, 265;
discussion of road to eastward of, 265, 266.
=Boulogne=, principal historic, but probably not earliest, southern
port of Straits of Dover, 35.
=Box Hill=, its appearance from Denbies at evening described, 178;
track of Road recovered on, 181.
=Boxley=, Roman and British coins found at, 253 (note 2).
=---- Abbey=, site of referred to, 240;
Roman and British coins found at, 253.
=Boyd-Dawkins=, Professor, his examination of Bigberry Camp, 271
(and note).
=Brackham Warren=, passage of Old Road by, 186.
=Brading=, example of Roman use of Second Crossing, 55.
=Brisland Lane=, coincident with Old Road, 140.
=Britain, Roman.= See '=Roman Britain=.' (Conservation of
antiquities in, 81-82.)
=British Coins=, discovered at Gatton, 203;
at Aylesford, 245;
at Boxley, 253 (note 2).
=Brixbury Wood=, passage of Old Road along, 162.
=Broad Street=, near Lenham, place-name significant of passage of
Old Road, 136 (note 2).
=Bull Inn=, near Bentley, approach of Old Road to River Wey at,
152.
=Burford Bridge=, error caused by passage of Pilgrimage at, 95
(note);
not crossed by Old Road, 182-184.
=Burham=, church of, passage of Old Road to south of, 110;
passed on journey, 253.
=Bury Hill Camp=, on original track of Old Road, 27.
=Butts=, the, at Alton, entry both of medieval and prehistoric
roads, 145.
=Caesar=, first eye-witness of conditions of southern Britain,
24;
fort at Canterbury stormed by him, 43, 275.
=Calais=, probably first southern port of the Straits of Dover,
34-35.
=Calvados=, reef of, 50.
=Camp=, of Canterbury (Bigberry Wood), stormed by Caesar, 43;
of Winchester (St. Catherine's hill), 70;
of Holmbury, Farley Heath, and Anstie Bury, alluded to, 170-171;
of Oldbury, of Fosbery, 253 (note 2);
Bigberry described, 273-275.
=Camps=, of Winchester and Canterbury compared, 70.
=Canterbury=, why the goal of Old Road in its final form, causes
of development of, 31-42;
created by necessity of central depôt for Kentish ports, 41;
importance of its position on the Stour, 42;
resistance to Caesar, 43;
origin of its religious character, 44;
compared with Winchester, 66-71;
entered by Westgate, 277.
=---- Cathedral=, visited, 278-280.
=Cassiterides=, their identification with Scilly Isles doubtful,
20.
=Chalk=, has preserved Old Road, 75-76;
third cause of preservation of Old Road fully discussed, 97, 98;
excursion upon, 189-192.
=Chantries Wood=, 163.
=Charing=, block of St. John at, 94;
example of church passed to north, 111, 257;
described, 260, 261;
rhyme on, 261 (note).
=Chawton Wood=, medieval road from Alton to Alresford passed
through, 136 (note 1).
=---- Village=, passed, 146.
=Chevening Park=, passage of Old Road across, 217.
=---- church=, example of Old Road passing to north, 111.
=Chequers Inn=, Ropley, passage of Old Road through garden of, 138.
=Chilham=, church, mentioned, 94;
probable diversion of Old Road at, by Pilgrimage, 95 (note);
probability of Old Road passing south of hill at, 106 (note);
church probably passed from south, 110;
Park crossed, 269;
discussion as to track of Road east of, 267-273 (and map).
=Chilterns=, the, their position in scheme of prehistoric roads,
16;
connection with Icknield Way, 23.
=Christianity=, effect of a main road on its development, 7.
=Churches, Wells in.= See '=Wells=.' Often built on pre-Christian
sites, 109;
passed to south by Old Road, list of, 108-110;
of King's Worthy, Itchen Stoke, Bishop Sutton, Seale, Puttenham,
St. Catherine's, St. Martha's, Albury, Shere, Merstham, Titsey,
Chevening, Bishopstoke, Snodland, Burham, Lenham, Charing,
Eastwell, Chilham, etc. See under name of place.
=Clausentum.= See =Bittern=.
=Clay=, Old Road often lost on, 75;
how avoided by Old Road in Upper Valley of Wey, 152 (and note);
above Quarry Hangers, argument against identity of Pilgrim's Road
with Prehistoric, 205.
=Cobham Farm=, Old Road lost at, 258.
=Coldrum= (or =Trottescliffe=), megalithic monument, 252-253 (and
note), and 236 (map).
=Colekitchen Combe=, passage of Old Road across, 177.
=Colley Farm=, Roman remains at, 197.
=---- Hill=, example of Old Road on crest of hill, 107;
described with map, 196.
=Compton=, probable diversion of Old Road through, by Pilgrimage,
95 (note); also 159, 160.
=Cotentin=, promontory of the, its value as a breakwater to the
'Second Crossing,' 46, 50;
height of shore hills upon, 48.
=Cotswolds=, the, their position in scheme of prehistoric road,
16, 23.
=Cowes=, as a harbour of Second Crossing, 55.
'=Crossing, Second=.' See '=Second Crossing=.'
=Cultivation= avoided by Old Road, exceptions to this, 148-149.
=Cuxton=, a possible crossing of the Medway, map, 236; its claims
discussed, 244.
=Darent=, river crossing, of, 219-225.
=Dark Ages=, reproduce barbaric conditions previous to Roman
Conquest, 65.
=Denbies Park=, clear trace of Old Road along edge of, 178.
=Detling=, 257.
=Domesday=, Worthies mentioned in, 121 (note);
three churches at Alresford mentioned in, 129;
Bishop Sutton mentioned in, 130;
Wrotham, Oxford, Charing mentioned in, 221.
=Dorking Lime Pits=, track lost after, 178.
=Dorsetshire Downs=, their position in scheme of prehistoric
roads, 16, 23.
=Dover=, Straits of, harbour of, originally an inlet, modern
artificial character of, 36.
See =Straits=.
=Downs=. See =North=, =South=, =Dorsetshire=.
=Drovers=, preserve old tracks by avoiding turnpike roads, 95;
their road to London after Shere confused with Old Road, 176.
=Dun Street=, near Eastwell Park, place-name significant of
passage of Old Road, 136 (note 2);
passed on journey, 262.
=Duthie=, his record of medieval road from Alresford to Alton,
136 (note 1).
=Eastwell Park=, preservation of Old Road, 82;
passage through on journey, 263.
=Ermine Street=, alluded to, 19;
less affected than Icknield Way by revolution of the twelfth
century, 87.
=Farnham=, marks ends of North Down Ridge, 26;
on original track of Old Road, 27;
strategical and political importance of, 153-154.
=Farnham Lane=, marks end of disused western portion of Old Road,
27.
=Flanking Roads=, 107.
=Folkestone=, one of modern harbours on northern shore of the
Straits, its artificial character, 36.
=Ford=, of Itchen at Itchen Stoke, discussed, 130-133 (and map);
of Wey at Shalford, position of, 166-167 (and map);
of Mole, discussed, 181-183;
of Medway, or crossing, fully discussed, 236-253.
=Fords=, Old Road chooses those approached by a spur on either
side, 111.
=Fordwych=, original limit of tide on Stour, 43.
=Fosse Way=, alluded to, 19;
begins to disappear with advent of Middle Ages, 87.
=Froyle=, passage of Old Road by, 152.
=Gatton=, exceptional passage of Old Road to north of crest at,
106 (note);
speculation on history of, 201;
track of Old Road through, and passage to north of crest
described, 199 (note), 202-203.
=Geological conditions= of exit from Winchester, 122;
of upper Wey valley, 152 (and note);
of Quarry Hangers, 205;
of crossing of Medway in general, 244-251;
of Snodland in particular, 250-251.
=Gilbert Street=, place-name suggesting passage of Old Road, 137.
=Glastonbury=, example of original importance of West Country, 22.
=Gloucester=, medieval tax on iron at, 20.
=Godmersham=, exceptional passage of Old Road to north of crest
at, 106 (note);
track of Road at, 267-269 (and map).
=Goodnestone=, village of, geographical centre of Kentish ports,
why unsuitable as a political centre, 42.
=Goodwin Sands=, probably prehistoric, 39.
=Greystone Lime Pits=, Merstham, recovery of Old Road at, 206.
'=Grey Wethers=,' name of platform beyond Medway opposite Wrotham,
233.
=Grésivaudan=, example of advantage of Partial Isolation, 30.
=Gris Nez=, look-out towards English shore, 32;
forbids harbours near it, but provides shelter to eastward
coast, 34.
=Gomshall=, doubt as to passage of Old Road at, 176.
'=Habits=,' of the Old Road, list of, 104-113.
=Hamble, River=, as a harbour of the 'Second Crossing,' 54.
=Harbours=, multiplicity of, in Straits of Dover, produced by
complexity of tides, 31, 32, 35;
list of original and modern, on northern shore of the Straits,
35;
of Southampton Water, Solent, and Spithead, excellence of, 55;
list of, on Solent and Southampton Water, 55.
=Harrietsham=, 257.
=Hart Hill=, Old Road recovered at, 258.
=Hastings=, mirage at, alluded to, 34.
=Haverfield=, his map giving Roman road from north gate of
Winchester, 124 (note).
=Headbourne Worthy=, arguments for and against its standing
on Old Road, 120-125;
mentioned in Domesday, 121.
=High Cross=, compared to Gatton, 201.
=Hills=, ranges of, correspond with prehistoric roads, 15-16
(with map);
crest of, usually avoided by Old Road, 106.
=Hoborough=, Roman remains in, 253 (note 2).
=Hog's Back=, hill near Farnham, continues range of North Downs,
26;
affords example of turnpike protecting Old Road, 96;
excellent example of 'Flanking Road,' 107;
passage of Old Road along, 156 _et seq._
=Hollingbourne=, 257.
=Horizons=, of Barfleur and St. Catherine's, 48 (map), 50.
'=Hundred Stones=,' the, megalithic monument, 254 (note 2).
=Hyde Abbey=, site and ruins of, 123-125.
=Icknield Way=, alluded to, 22;
begins to disappear in Middle Ages, 87.
=Inns=, Anchor, Chequers, Jolly Farmer, Kentish Drover, etc. See
under these names.
=Iron=, its early production in West England, 23;
in the Sussex Weald, 24.
=Islands=, examples of advantages of Partial Isolation, 31.
=Isle of Wight=, its projection southward invites 'Second
Crossing,' 46;
importance of St. Catherine's Hill in, 51;
harbours of, and reef off Ventnor, 55.
=Isolation=, Partial, Geographical, political advantages of, 22-31.
=Itchen Abbas=, origin of name, 126;
Roman villa discovered near, 126 (note);
passed on our journey, 125.
=Itchen=, river, continuation of Southampton Water, 56;
compared to Stour, 68, 69;
made navigable by Lucy, 130;
view of, from Alresford Hill, 133-134;
crossing of, at Itchen Stoke, 130-133 (and map).
=---- Valley of=, forms Winchester to Farnham Road, 60.
=Itchen Stoke=, old church of, passage of Old Road to south
of, 110;
site and date of destruction of, 126.
=---- Ford at=, Old Road passes Itchen by, 128-133 (and map);
passed on our journey, 132.
=Jews= occupied principal street of Winchester, 118;
their wealth in early Middle Ages, 118 (note).
=Jolly Farmer=, Inn at Puttenham, 160.
=Kemsing=, manor of, 226;
on map, 227.
=Kent=, shape of, forces Old Road westward, 18;
causes complexity of tides in Straits of Dover, 31-32.
=Kentish Drover=, the, 253 (note 1).
=King's Worthy=, church of, passage of Old Road to south of, 110;
mentioned in Domesday, 121 (note);
its situation on Old Road discussed, 120-125;
passed on our journey, 125.
=Kit's Coty House=, referred to, 248 (note 1);
visited, 253, 254.
=Knockholt Farm=, east of Chilham, Old Road recovered at, 270.
=Land-fall=, importance of, 52.
=Landlords=, their conservation of antiquities, 82.
=Lead=, mined in early times in the north, 19;
in the west, 20.
=Len, River=, 259.
=Lenham=, traces of flanking road above, 107;
church of, example of passage to north, 111;
passed, 257.
=Lime Pits=, =Dorking=, =Betchworth=, etc., see under their
separate names;
a mark of Old Road, 192-193.
=London=, growth of importance of as Roman rule failed, 65;
ousts Winchester, 87.
=Longnose Point=, alluded to, 38.
=Lower Halling=, a crossing of the Medway, its claims discussed,
248-249;
and map, 236.
=Lucy=, Bishop of Winchester, renders Itchen navigable, 130.
=Lymington=, as a harbour of Second Crossing, 54.
=Lympne.= See =Portus Lemanis=.
=Maiden Way=, alluded to, 19.
=Marden Park=, track of Old Road round, and map, 211.
=Margery Wood=, passage of Old Road by, 198.
=Martyrs' Worthy=, passed on journey, 125.
=Medina=, river, as a harbour of the 'Second Crossing,' 54.
=Medstead=, watershed near, mentioned, 113.
=Medway, River=, crossing of, fully discussed, with map, 236-253.
=---- Valley of=, view over, from Wrotham described, 231-233.
=Megalithic Monument.= See =Kit's Coty House=, =Addington=,
=Coldrum=, etc.
=Mendips=, their importance as a metallic centre, 20.
=Merstham=, probable diversion of Old Road at, by Pilgrimage,
95 (note);
example of church passed to south, 110.
=---- House=, passage of Old Road through grounds of, 204.
=Metals=, mined originally in West England, 19.
=Method of Reconstruction of Old Road=, 100-104.
=Mole=, river, point of crossing discussed, 181-183;
with map, 182.
=Monk's Hatch=, passage of Old Road through, 162.
=Neolithic Man=, his principal seat on green-sand south of North
Downs, 23;
endurance of relics of, 73.
=North Country=, not important in early times, 19.
=---- Downs=, their position in scheme of prehistoric roads, 16;
the original and necessary platform of the Old Road, 24-25
(with map);
view of these from Wrotham, 231;
'funnel' formed by them at passage of Medway, 237;
road leaves them after Charing, 260.
=---- Street=, place-name suggesting passage of Old Road, 137.
=Old Road=, why the most important of English prehistoric roads,
17-24;
its first track sketched, 25;
why it ended at Canterbury, 31-42;
why it began at Winchester, 44-58;
short cut from Winchester to Farnham gradually superseded
original western portion, 59-61 (with map);
final form of, 62 (with map);
causes of preservation of, 72-99;
proportion of known to unknown, 100-101 (with map);
characteristics or 'habits' of, 104-113.
its track from north gate of Winchester to King's Worthy,
120-125;
coincidence of, with modern road from King's Worthy to Itchen
Stoke, 124;
arguments in favour of its crossing the Itchen at Itchen Stoke,
127-132;
recovering of lost portion in Ropley Valley, 132-136;
corresponds to high-road after Alton, causes of this, 149-154;
diversion at Puttenham, 158;
crosses Wey, 163-166;
passes St. Martha's, north of Weston Wood, Albury Park, 170-175;
crosses Mole at Pixham Mill, 180-183;
passes Betchworth Pits, 188;
lost after Merstham and recovered, 204-207;
discussion of track near Marden Park, 211;
and across Titsey Park, 214-216;
its loss after Chevening, 217;
typical section of, 225-230 (with map);
its crossing of Medway discussed, 236-253;
clear along Downs to Charing, 256-260;
crosses Eastwell Park, Boughton Aluph, Godmersham, Chilham
Park, 263-269;
lost for two miles east of Chilham, 270-271 (and map);
passes Bigberry Camp, 273;
enters Canterbury by Westgate, 277.
=Old Wives' Lees=, doubts as to passage of Old Road by, 270-271
(and map).
=Ordie=, Domesday name for 'Worthy,' 121 (note).
=Ordnance Map=, 6-inch to the mile, probably wrong in track of
Roman Road from north gate of Winchester, 124 (note);
error in track given from Arthur's Seat to Oxted railway
cutting, 213.
=Ordnance Map=, 1/2500, references to fields at Ropley, 138
(notes 1, 2, 3), 139 (note);
at Puttenham, 158 (note);
Weston Wood, 174 (note);
doubts as to track given by it through Albury Park, 174;
recovery of Old Road after Gomshall, 177 (note);
probable error east of Shere, 176;
crossing of Mole, 183 (note);
crest of Colley Hill, 197;
error of, in regard to Gatton Park, 199 (note);
Merstham to Quarry Hangers, 207 (note);
east of Marden Park, 212 (note);
east of Chevening, 218 (note);
passage of Medway, 253 (note);
error of, east and north of Eastwell Park, and east and north
of Boughton Aluph church, 265-266 (notes 1 and 2).
=Otford=, passage of Old Road through, 218;
battles of, 220;
palace of, 220, 221.
=Oxted=, error caused by approach of pilgrimage to plain of,
95 (note).
=Oxted Railway Cutting=, track of Old Road from Marden Park to,
211-212 (and map).
=Paddlesworth=, passage of Old Road, 253 (note 1).
=Palace= of Archbishops of Canterbury at Otford, 220-223.
=Park=, =Albury=, =Monk's Hatch=, =Denbies=, =Gatton=, =Merstham=,
=Titsey=, =Chevening=, =Stede Hill=, =Eastwell=, =Godmersham=,
=Chilham=. See under these names.
=Pebble Combe=, passage of Old Road across, 194-196 (and map).
=Pilgrimage=, to shrine of St. Thomas at Canterbury, preserves the
Old Road, 76-81;
change of date of, 91;
rapid development of, 91-92;
ancient sites restored by, 93;
but also prehistoric track sometimes confused by list of places
so affected, 96 (and note);
example at Ropley of its recovery of Old Road, 136 (and note);
confuses record of passing of River Mole, 181;
diversion caused to Road after Merstham, 205;
and Old Wives' Lees, 271.
=Pilgrim's Lane=, near Merstham, 205.
=Pixham Mill=, Old Road crosses Mole at, 182 (map), and 183
(note).
=Porchester=, example of Roman use of 'Second Crossing,' 55.
=Portsmouth=, as a harbour of the 'Second Crossing,' 54.
=Portus Adurni=, possibly origin of a track to London, 200;
doubts on its equivalence to Shoreham, 200.
=Portus Lemanis=, the modern Lympne, perhaps original of Old
Road, 27;
its connection with the earliest crossing of the Straits, 35.
=Puttenham=, apparent exception to straightness of Old Road at,
mentioned, 105;
example of church passed to south, 110;
medieval market at, 158;
diversion of Old Road at, discussed, 159-161 (and map);
neolithic and bronze remains at, 161.
=Quarley Hill=, on original track of Old Road, 27.
=Quarry Hangers=, east of Red Hill, too steep to take Old Road,
205, 206;
arrival at summits of, 207.
=Ramsgate=, one of modern harbours on northern shore of Straits,
its artificial character, 36.
=Reconstruction of Old Road.= See '=Method=.'
=Reculvers=, one of original harbours in connection with crossing
Straits of Dover, 35.
=Reef=, of Calvados, 50;
off Ventnor, 55.
=Reformation=, effect of, on Old Road, 221-224.
=Reigate=, derivation of name of, and relation to Old Road, 199.
=Religion=, effect of a road on development of, 7;
effect of Dark Ages on, in Britain, 80;
preserves and recovers Old Road, 92-94.
=Representative System=, monastic origin of, 86.
=Richborough=, one of original harbours on northern shore of the
Straits, 35 (Rutupiae);
alternative harbour in original crossing, 36.
=Road=, the, primeval importance of, 4-5.
=---- Old.= See '=Old Road=.'
=Road, Roman.= See '=Roman Road=.'
=---- Flanking.= See '=Flanking Roads=.'
=---- Turnpike.= See '=Turnpike=.'
=Roads, prehistoric=, in England, correspond to five hill ranges,
15 (with map);
difficulty of recovering, 74-75;
especially preserved in Britain, 78;
and their destruction in twelfth century, 84, 85.
=Roman Britain=, imperfect occupation of, 76, 77.
=Roman Coins=, discovery of, at Gatton, 203;
at Boxley, 253 (note 2).
=Roman Remains=, near Itchen Abbas, 126 (and note);
near Farnham, 153;
at Colley Farm and Walton Heath, 197;
at Titsey Park, 214;
at Lower Halling, Snodland, Burham, Little Culand, 251;
Plaxtol and Thurnham, Boxley, 253 (note 2).
=Roman Road=, definite character of a, 74;
from Winchester to Silchester, site of, 119, 124 (and note);
conjectural from Portus Adurni to London, 200;
at base of Upwood Scrubbs, 208.
=Ropley=, passage of Pilgrimage through, and position on Old Road,
136 (and note);
valley of, track of Old Road through, 137 (map).
=Rutupiae.= See =Reculvers=.
=Rye=, one of original harbours on northern shores of Straits, 35.
=St. Catherine's Chapel=, near Guildford, discussed in connection
with passage of River Wey, 163-165.
=---- Down=, in Isle of Wight. See '=Isle of Wight=.'
=---- Hill=, camp at Winchester, compared to Bigberry Camp, 70.
=St. Martha's=, doubtful whether passed to north or south, 110;
derivation of name, 170;
described, passed, 172.
=St. Swithin=, his shrine at Winchester, 71.
=St. Thomas à Becket=, his shrine at Canterbury destroys that of
St. Swithin at Winchester, 71;
pilgrimage to tomb of, see '=Pilgrimage=';
his martyrdom, turning-point of twelfth century, 89;
date of martyrdom, jubilee and translation, 91;
his chapel at Reigate, 200.
=Salisbury Plain=, area of convergence of prehistoric roads, 16.
=Sandwich=, one of harbours on northern shore of Straits, 35.
=Scilly Isles=, their identification with Cassiterides doubtful,
20.
'=Second Crossing=,' passage of Channel from Cotentin to Wight
so called, 46;
its advantages, 48;
map of, 49;
high land marking either shore, 50-51;
great advantage of its English harbours, 55;
the direct route to the centre at Salisbury Plain, 56;
principal cause of development of Winchester, _ibid._
=Seale=, church of, passage of Old Road as near as possible to
south of, 110;
passed, 157.
=Seine=, estuary of, its importance in production of Second
Crossing, 48, 49 (and map).
=Severn=, valley of, importance as metallic centre, 20.
=Shalford=, Becket's fair at, 158;
passage of Wey at, discussed, 164-167 (and map).
=Shere=, church of, passage of Old Road to south of, doubtful, 110;
probable track of Old Road through, described, 175.
=Shoelands=, passed on journey, 157;
significance of name, 157.
=Shrines=, of Winchester and Canterbury compared, 71;
of St. Thomas à Becket. See '=St Thomas=.'
=Snodland=, church of, passage of Old Road to south of, 110;
crossing of Medway at, discussed, 248-253 (and map), 236.
=South Country=, originally wealthiest portion of the island,
23, 24.
=Southampton Water, Solent, and Spithead=, regarded as one
harbour, north of 'Second Crossing,' 55.
=South Downs=, their position in scheme of prehistoric roads, 16.
=Stane Street=, example of evidences of a Roman road, 74;
disuse in Middle Ages, 87;
crosses Mole at Burford Bridge, 185.
=Stoke=, meaning of, in place-names, 127.
=Stonehenge=, and Avebury, mark convergence of prehistoric
roads, 16;
original starting-point of Old Road, 27.
=Stour, River=, importance of in development of Canterbury,
42, 43;
compared to Itchen, 68, 69;
source in Lenham, 259;
entry of Old Road into valley of, 260, 262.
=Straits of Dover=, importance of, to England alluded to, 17;
discussed at length, 29-40;
complexity of tides in, 32;
opposite shores visible, 32;
original harbours of, 35;
original crossing of, 37-39.
=Street=, =Stane=, =Ermine=, =Watling=. See under these names.
=Street=, in place-names indicates passage of a road, 136 (and
note 2).
=Swegen=, his march through the Worthies, 126.
=Thomas à Becket, St.= See '=St. Thomas=.'
=Ticino=, example of advantage of partial isolation, 30.
=Tide=, multiplicity of harbours due to their complexity, 31-32;
in Straits of Dover, 37-39;
limit of, on Stour, 43;
and on Itchen, forming Canterbury and Winchester, 68;
political importance of limit of, _e.g._ at Snodland, 252.
=Tin=, mined originally in Cornwall, 20.
=Titsey Church=, old, example of church passed to south by Old
Road, 110;
passed on journey, 216.
=---- Park=, discoveries in, mentioned, 82;
flanking road on hills to east of, 107;
Roman remains of, and passage of Old Road through, 214.
=Towns=, inland, advantages for defence over seaports, 67;
avoided by Old Road, exceptions to this, 149.
=Trottescliffe.= See =Coldrum=.
=Turnpike Roads=, second cause of preservation of Old Road, 76, 95.
=Twelfth Century=, revolution of the, 84-87.
=Upwood Scrubbs=, near Caterham, Old Road lost in, 208.
=Valleys=, examples of advantages of partial isolation, 31;
of Wey, Itchen, Darent, Medway, etc. See under these names.
=Varne=, sand-buoy, alluded to, 37.
=Walton Heath=, Roman remains at, 197.
=Watershed=, method of crossing one, 60-61;
that between Itchen and Wey, 61-62 (and map);
proximity of, to Medstead, 113;
direct approach to, an argument for Itchen Stoke Ford, 131;
also for coincidence of Old Road with Brisland Lane, 135;
how approached from Ropley valley, 137 (and map);
passed on journey, 140;
map of, in detail, 143;
of Medway and Stour, 259.
=Watling Street=, alluded to, 18;
preserved when others disappeared in twelfth and thirteenth
centuries, 86.
=Wells=, in churches, list of, 57 (note).
=Welsh Road=, preserved, like the Old Road, by turnpikes, 95-96.
=West Country=, importance of, in early times, 19-22;
spirit of, 21.
=Weston=, or =Albury Wood=, Old Road passes to north of,
106 (note);
this part of road described in journey, 173.
=Weston Street=, old name for Albury, significant of passage of
Old Road, 136 (note 2).
=West Street=, near Lenham, place-name significant of passage of
Old Road, 136 (note 2).
=Wey River=, discussion of how crossed by Old Road near Shalford,
164-167 (and map).
=----= valley of, forms Winchester to Farnham road, 60;
its geological conditions beyond Alton, 152 (and note);
coincidence of Old and modern road in, 149-152 (and map);
Roman remains in, 153.
=Whitchurch=, on original track of Old Road, 27.
=Whiteways=, point in Hog's Back where Old Road branches from
Turnpike, 156.
=Wight, Isle of.= See '=Isle of Wight=.'
=Winchelsea=, one of original harbours on northern shore of
Straits, 35.
=Winchester=, why the origin of Old Road in its final form,
causes of development of, 45-57;
inland town of the Second Crossing, 56;
great age of, 56;
compared to Chartres, 57;
compared with Canterbury, 66-71;
beginning of decay of, after twelfth century, 87;
arrangement of Roman streets in, 117;
site of north gate of, 118.
=Winds=, prevailing in Straits of Dover, 33;
effect of, on original crossing, 34;
prevailing, of 'Second Crossing,' 48 (map), 49.
=Worthies=, =Headbourne=, =King's=, =Martyrs'=. See under these
names.
=Wrotham=, relation of, to Old Road, 226-227 (and map);
view from, 231-233.
=Wye=, in Kent, why unsuitable as a centre for Kentish ports,
42-44.
=Yaldham=, relation of, to Old Road, 226, 227 (and map).
=Yarmouth=, in Isle of Wight one of harbours of Second Crossing,
54.
=Yews=, often mark Old Road, 103;
indicate recovery of road at Box Hill, 186.
=Yew Walk=, at Albury, mentioned, 174.
=York=, why Roman capital, 65.
Printed by T. and A. CONSTABLE, Printers to His Majesty
at the Edinburgh University Press