Celtic marble, 45, 237
Cements, 231, 289
Ceremonies, book of (10th c.), 7, 20, 60, 92, 95, 123, 173, 181, 186,
219
Chainage, 228
Chains (lamp), 16, 49, 50, 51, 111;
S. Peter’s, 68, 183
Chalké Gate, 95, 174
Chalices, 96, 104, 108, 110, 111, 140, 242, 267
Chalkis, 257
Chambers at East-End, 153, 216
Chapels, 68, 105, 154, 155, 184
Cherubic Hymn, 63, 92
Cherubim in mosaic, 278, 287
Choir;
see Solea
Choisy, 128, 199, 200, 207, 210, 214, 222, 224, 226
Chosroes, 32, 90, 97
Chrysopolis, 5
Chrysostom (4th c.), 16, 18, 44, 85, 109, 116, 144
Chrysotriclinium, 174
Ciborium, 29, 47, 68, 72, 167
Cipollino, 263;
rosy, 241, 242
Cisterns of Constantinople, 83, 224, 226, 248, 257;
of S. Sophia, 19, 106, 155, 196
Clamps, 247
Clavijo, 61, 83, 125, 175, 177, 179, 184, 186, 188
Clemente S., church at Rome, 209, 254, 257
Clergy, 91, 140
Cloister on south side, 219
Codinus (15th c.), 14, 21, 63, 65, 79, 128, 180, 183
Columns, 55, 56, 60, 69, 109, 137, 138, 163, 165, 234, 236;
of S. Basil, 102, 131;
of S. Gregory, 102, 131;
of Hippodrome, 172
Colymbethra, 189
Conchs, 22, 37, 150, 168, 180
Constantine, 4, 6, 10, 14, 15, 99, 101, 103, 105, 129, 179, 180, 193,
198, 203;
cross of, 95, 96;
Forum of, 3, 5, 6, 9, 12, 14, 179, 182, 193;
VII. Porphyrogenitus (912), 178;
VIII. (1025), 89;
XI. (1059), in mosaic, 287
Constantius (337), 15
Coptic linen, 88
Cornices, 150, 163, 260, 261;
of dome, 41, 150, 159, 163, 166
Corona of lights, 50, 51, 111, 115, 119
Corippus, 145
Corporations, 11, 208
Corsi, 236, 238, 239
Covel, 118, 121, 128, 191, 232, 288, 290
Cross, the true, 14, 92, 93, 94, 96, 98, 105, 109;
adoration of, 92;
exaltation of, 94, 98;
of light, 116, 117;
votive, 82
Crowns, 63, 64, 72, 73, 103, 140
Crusaders, 6, 161, 70, 87, 100, 124, 143
Crustæ, 241
Crux Mensuralis, 102, 139
Curtains, 33, 48, 49, 95, 103
Curtis, 83, 85, 186
Curve of inflection, 223
D
Damascening, 67
Dara, 205
Deacons, 63, 64, 65, 91
Deaconesses, 18, 91
Delphi, serpents from, 4, 177
Demetrius, S., church of Salonica, 72, 121, 189, 202, 203, 214, 215,
257
Deputatus, 64, 91
Dethier, 273
De Vogüé, 90, 180
Diakonikon, 102
Didaskalion, 94, 188
Didron, 98
Diehl, 285
Diocletian, edict of, 206
Dion Cassius, 10
Dion Chrysostom, 181
Dionysius, 13
Discs (lamp), 50, 111, 113
Division of labour, 207
Dokimion, 238
Dome, 201, 220, 226;
of S. Sophia, 26, 29, 35, 42, 123, 142, 150, 157, 159, 169, 209,
210, 219;
mosaics in, 274, 278, 286
Domninus, porticoes of, 182
Doors of church, 40, 57, 58, 138, 143, 147, 168, 193, 216, 267;
Holy, 79, 94, 96
Doorkeepers, 91
Door veils, 88
Drill, use of, in carving, 263
Du Cange, 7, 34, 44, 53, 180, 186, 190;
editions of, 66, 67;
plan by, 78
Ducas (15th c.), 126
E
Earthquakes, 21, 22, 122, 212, 228, 265
Eastern chapels, 78
Egypt, 4, 177, 200, 226, 228
Elektron, 70, 138, 272
Embolos of Milion, 180, 182
Enamel, 68, 70, 272
Encaenia, 15, 21, 34, 36, 141
Endute, 71, 140
Ephesus, 32, 130, 191, 202;
building centre, 98;
John of (6th c.), 98
Equestrian statues, 149, 193
Escomboli, 125
Etoimasia, 286
Euchologium, 62, 92, 194
Eudoxia, 16;
statue of, 12, 13, 179
Eudoxius, 15
Eugenius, gate of, 10
Eusebius (4th c.), 14, 74, 190
Eutychius, 29, 132, 141
Exedras, of S. Sophia, 22, 25, 36, 151, 164, 168, 219, 234, 259;
at S. Sergius, 205
Exonarthex, 122, 148, 150, 162, 185, 188, 193, 215
Exterior of S. Sophia, 215, 219;
cased with marble, 197
Evagrius (6th c.), 29, 32, 33
Ezra, 204, 228
F
Fabri, Felix, 83, 246
Fall of city, 125, 126, 147, 175, 179
Fanio, portico of, 12
Figure scheme in mosaics, 280, 283
Fillet, notched, 170, 260, 292
Flabella, 91, 104, 285
Fonts, 19, 20, 81
Fortunatus, 81
Forum of Constantine, 3, 5, 6, 9, 12, 13, 14, 179, 182, 193;
Tauri, 178
Fossati, 84, 120, 148, 179, 185, 287
Foundations, 132
Fountains, 177, 185, 188
G
Galata, 5, 11
Galla Placidia, 74, 282
Galleries to S. Sophia, 212, 217
Gammidae, 71, 88, 267
Ganosis, 246
Garconostasion, 188
Garofalo, 236
Germanus (8th c.), patriarch, 85, 100
Giallo antico, 172, 239
Gilding, 272
Glass, 46, 169, 290;
enamels, 272;
mosaic, 172, 273
Glycas (12th c.), 21, 79, 123, 129, 145
Goar (17th c.), 69, 92, 122, 192, 194
Gold, 33, 46, 48, 49, 60, 70, 199, 293
Golden Gate, 135;
Horn, 1, 5, 6, 10, 11, 90
Gregory, S., of Armenia, 276;
S., of Nazianzene, 209;
S., of Nyssa, 206, 207;
Thaumaturgus, 83, 102, 106, 131, 276, 287
Grelot, 66, 78, 84, 120, 127, 185, 188, 190, 193, 215, 285, 291
Gruter, 84, 190
Gyllius, 12, 66, 127, 146, 175, 177, 179, 185, 193, 248
Gynaeceum, 27, 44, 65, 87, 91, 131, 140, 147, 161, 164, 242;
accesses to, 152, 154, 157;
domes, 222;
doors, 210;
pavement, 172, 215;
windows, 168, 171
Gypsoplastes, 206
Gypsum, use of, 226
H
Habakkuk in mosaic, 277
Haifa sand, 241
Hangings, 86
Helena, 14, 97, 99
Hemicycle, 19, 22, 67, 205, 219
Hemisphere, 30, 32, 41, 123
Heraclius (610), 91, 97
Hierapolis marble, 55, 57, 60, 238
Hippodrome, 2, 3, 4, 10, 12, 13, 17, 121, 174, 175, 186, 193
Holy table, 29, 48, 63, 68, 70, 96, 138;
see also Altar;
well, 78, 91, 95, 105, 130, 139;
wood, 94, 97, 105
Hormisdas, palace of, 174, 257
Horologium, 20, 95, 132, 141, 182
Hypurgi of narthex, 91
I
Iassian marble, 44, 45, 238
Iconoclasts, 280
Iconostasis, 46, 51, 60, 68, 74, 126, 172;
lamps on, 111, 118
Icons, 71, 85, 105, 129
Idatius (5th c.), 15
Jerash, 201
Jeremiah in mosaic, 277
Jerusalem, 14, 84, 97, 104, 256
Ignatius, 88, 108, 133, 140, 177, 287
Images, Restoration of, 85, 122
Indiction, 21, 269
Inscriptions, 90, 190, 205, 264
Instructor parietum, 206
Instruments of Passion, 96, 97, 109
John Studius, S., church of, 120, 218, 257
Jonah in mosaic, 277
Joshua, trumpets of, 105, 139
Irene, S., 12, 129, 264;
Empress, 287
Iron ties, 161, 162, 230
Isaiah in mosaic, 276
Isauria, church in, 201, 202
Isaurian workmen, 29, 207
Isidorus, the elder, 24, 26, 28;
the younger, 30, 43, 204, 206
Justinian I. (527), 14, 20, 24, 29, 34, 61, 70, 88, 90, 104, 119,
154, 167, 190, 198;
figure of in mosaic, 287;
equestrian statue, 180
Justinian II. (685), 174
Justin II. (565), 61, 97, 142, 174
Ivory inlaid, 55, 60
K
Kamara, 99, 136, 180
Kathisma, 175, 177, 193
Klerikos of S. Sophia, 91
Kouppas, 228
Kraus, 17
Krumbacher, 22, 30, 32
Kuklios, Kuklis, 68, 90, 138
L
Labarte, 7, 9, 10, 12, 68, 128, 173, 177, 180, 217
Lamplighter, 74, 261
Lamps, 111, 144, 250
Laotomos, 55, 133, 206
Laotoros, 45, 59, 206
Lateran, lighting at, 113
Lattaquieh, milion at, 180
Lattices, window, 154, 168, 197, 261, 290
Lazarus, the painter, 107
Lead, 27, 41, 150, 259
Leo, Pope, 72, 115
Leo III. (717), Emperor Edict of, 280
Leo VI. (886), Emperor, 73, 103
Leo the Deacon (10th c.), 123
Lighting, 49, 52, 110
Lithologos, 25, 206
Lithoxooi, 133, 206
Loggia of Baptistery, 217, 252, 258
Louter, 132, 138, 182, 189, 192
Lukium cement, 232
Luke, S., monastery of, 99, 145, 284, 285
Lybian marble, 45, 239
Lydian marble, 45, 239
Lydus, John (6th c.), 3, 6, 42, 208
M
Macron, 181, 182
Magistros, 129, 206
Mahomet II., 126, 127, 152
Maistor, 136, 206, 208
Manaura, palace of, 94
Mandeville, 84, 146
Manual Byzantine, 182, 284
Manuel (1143), 181
Marbles, 45, 170, 235;
export of, 240;
application of, 241, 260
Marcellinus Comes (6th c.), 21
Marina, House of, 11, 14, 174, 175
Mark, S., church of, at Alexandria, 256;
at Venice, 82, 108, 109, 193, 197, 256;
monograms, 294
Marmora, 84
Mass, 62, 92, 106
Mechanikos, 29, 132, 133, 136, 206
Mechanopoios, 24, 28, 206
Megale Eisodos, 62, 63
Mekkah Sand, 240
Menas, patriarch, 21
Menologium, 61, 68, 98, 108, 119, 183;
date, 71
Mese, 5, 6, 12, 13, 180, 182, 186
Mesomphalos, 79
Metatorion, 77, 78, 96, 131, 141, 182
Methodius, 287
Michael III. (842), 111, 122, 123, 269
Miletus, 24, 204
Milion, 6, 10, 11, 70, 99, 180, 181, 182
Minarets, 127, 151, 152, 215
Molossus, marble of, 43, 59, 238
Monograms at S. Sophia, 47, 60, 164, 169, 170, 174, 251, 268, 272, 295;
at Ravenna, 292;
at Venice, 294
Mordtmann, 5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 175
Mortar, 156, 231, 235
Mosaics, 42, 46, 69, 199, 206, 282;
figures, 273, 287;
first scheme, 279;
at S. Luke’s, 99;
at S. Mark’s, 82;
at Ravenna, 71, 86
Mouldings, 242, 260
Murad III., 152
Murano, 84, 85
Mygdonian marble, 56, 239
N
Naos, 32, 67, 79, 132
Narthex, 40, 44, 106, 140, 150, 182, 216, 225;
vaults, 137, 222, 226;
frieze, 241;
mosaics, 274, 287;
propylaeum, 92, 95, 162, 188
Nectarius, 16, 129
Neorion Port, 56
New church of Brazil, 90, 284
New Rome, 4, 36, 46
Nicaea, 181, 285
Nicetas (13th c.), 70, 150, 177, 181
Nicephorus Callistus (14th c.), 14
Nicephorus Gregoras (14th c.), 86, 124, 152
Nicholas, 102, 110, 183;
of Myra, 276;
Thingeyrensis, 99
Niketes, 272
Nola, church at, 113, 119, 190, 267, 291
Notitia, 2, 5, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 174, 208
Novgorod, Anthony of, 83, 92, 100, 183;
Stephen of, 84, 113, 185;
Chronicle (13th c.), 68, 75
Nuremberg Chronicle (15th c.), 175
O
Octagon Church, 203;
Baptistery, 186, 220
Officers of church, 91
Oikodomoi, 133, 200
Oil in cements, 136, 232, 233
Omphalos omphalion, 89, 96
Onyx, 239, 241
Opus sectile, 45, 162, 171, 220, 225, 242, 246
Orientation, 17
Organic architecture, 247
Original form of church, 209
Oriental alabaster, 170, 171, 239, 242
Ostiarii, 91
P
Pachymeres (13th c.), 71, 85
Palace, 7, 13, 132, 173, 174, 175;
of Blachernae, 11, 123;
of Hormisdas, 174, 175;
of Marina, 11, 14, 174;
of Patriarch, 13, 14, 107, 179, 186;
of Placidia, 174, 175
Pala d’Oro, 71, 109
Palaeologus, 61;
Andronicus II. (1328), 124, 152;
John I. (1356), 124, 278, 287;
John II. (1425), 71, 190;
Michael (1261), 10, 71, 124, 190
Palladius (4th c.), 16, 18, 144
Palmyra, 6, 181, 201
Panels, marble, 68, 171, 241
Pantocrator, mosaic, 287
Parenzo, 209, 219, 246, 256, 257
Paschal Chronicle (7th c.), 3, 13, 15, 174
Paspates, 7, 9, 10, 12, 13, 79, 81, 84, 90, 100, 173, 176, 179, 186
Passion, instruments of, 96, 99, 100
Patriarch, 4, 62, 91, 95, 96, 104, 107, 125, 137, 144, 181
Patriarchs’ tombs, 85
Paul, S., figure of, 49, 109, 118, 123, 275
Paul the Deacon (8th c.), 41
Paulus Maurocenus, 108
Paulus Silentiarius (6th c.), 20, 33, 67, 70, 79, 128, 159, 160, 204,
206
Paulinus (5th c.), 113, 119, 190, 267
Pausanias, 2
Pavement of nave, 79, 80, 137, 138, 142, 172;
of atrium, 141, 191;
cloisters, 125;
gynaeceum, 81;
Basil’s church, 68;
Augusteum, 186
Pavonazzetto, 170
Pendentives, 26, 41, 201, 209
Peperino, 155
Peter, S., figure of, 49, 118, 123, 275;
chains of, 68, 102, 183;
chapel of, 68, 78, 102, 130, 183, 184;
church of, at Rome, 72, 74, 116, 189, 192
Pharos, 116, 117
Phengites, 262
Phiale, 44, 141, 189, 190, 191
Philoxenus, cisterns of, 248
Phrygian marble, 45, 56, 59, 237
Piers, 22, 25, 28, 29, 41, 79, 133, 157, 159;
of stone, 155, 234;
of west front, 193
Plane of least labour, 261
Polishing marble, 246
Pointed arches, 220
Polycandela, 111, 112, 114, 115, 140
Porches, 69, 70, 91, 123, 151, 183, 190, 215, 288;
south, 185;
doors of, 268, 270
Porphyry, 37, 134, 236
Porticoes of Domninus, 182;
of mese, 6;
of milion, 182;
of Severus, 6
Porto-Venere marble, 171, 239
Pozzolana, 291
Praepositus, 94, 95
Priests, 47, 67, 91, 107, 140, 144
Proaulion, 137, 179
Procession to the church, 95
Proconnesus, marble of, 4, 44, 46, 79, 80, 81, 156, 163, 164, 166,
172, 209, 237, 242, 243, 256
Procopius, (6th c.), 21, 22, 68, 159, 174, 180, 189, 197, 206, 214
Pronaos, 67, 181, 184
Prothesis, 63, 64, 75, 77
Protomaistor, 145, 207
Protooikodomos, 136, 206
Protopapas, 91, 93
Protospatharios, 91
Protopsaltae, 63, 79, 92
Psellus (11th c.), 145
Pulcheria, 12, 16
Purgos of ciborium, 47;
of ambo, 54
Q
Quadriporticus, 215
R
Ramazan illuminations, 121
Ravenna, 17, 71, 80, 88, 183, 209, 246
Readers, 160
Receptions on way from Palace, 95
Refendarius, 64, 91
Relics, 16, 97, 100, 106, 137, 139
Resin fixes marble to walls, 172
Restoration of image worship, 122;
of S. Sophia, 22, 29, 123, 210, 212
Rhodes, bricks from, 136, 142, 156
Riant, 19, 100, 108
Ribs of dome, 159, 275
Robert de Clari (13th c.), 61, 70, 72, 113, 115
Rohault de Fleury, 17, 61, 67, 74, 113, 116
Roman system of building, 199
Romanus Argyrus, (1028), 123, 295
Rome, 2, 17, 123, 200, 209
Rosso antico, 171, 242
Round N.E. building, 78, 154, 217
Royal Door, 67, 150, 151, 181, 204;
slabs over, 242
Russian Pilgrim, 65, 143, 145
S
Sacellarius, 91
Sacristy, 78, 154, 184;
see Skeuophylakium
Salonica, see under Demetrius, also Sophia
Salzenberg, 19, 20, 34, 42, 67, 78, 149-172, 203, 210, 213, 216, 219,
273
Sanctuary, 28, 68, 78, 101, 102, 105, 107, 109;
smaller, 77, 101;
right of in S. Sophia, 189
Scaffolding, 123, 142, 226
Schlumberger, 91
Screen to solea, 79;
in South Gallery, 90, 262
Sculptor Marmorum, 206
Scylitzes (11th c.), 123
Secondary order of columns, 213, 214, 219, 230
Selim II., 127
Semidomes, 22, 24, 40, 150, 209, 219, 226
Senate, 6, 11, 12, 179
Sepulchre Holy, slab of, at S. Sophia, 101, 105;
Church of, at Jerusalem, 41, 74, 83, 84
Seraglio, 10, 180, 184;
Point, 1, 2, 5, 6
Sergius S., church of, at Bosra, 204;
Church of, at Constantinople, 83, 166, 174, 204, 205, 218, 256,
257, 295, 296
Serpentine, 171, 172
Services in S. Sophia, 92, 126
Severus, 1, 3, 6;
porticoes of, 5, 6
Shop production, 208, 256
Silver, 28, 33, 37, 40, 46, 47, 54, 56, 60, 70, 74, 75;
in pavement, 68;
in mosaic, 273;
in monograms, 268
Simeon of Thessalonica, 67, 192
Sinai, Mt., 83, 119
Singers, 60, 91, 140
Skeuophylax, 91, 95, 297
Skeuophylakium, 78, 91, 127, 130, 139, 154, 183
Skirtings, 241, 260
Socrates (5th c.), 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 116
Solea, 63, 64, 67, 96, 139, 140, 142
Solomon, 71, 100, 110, 126, 141, 144, 190
Sophia S., church of, at Salonica, 202, 203, 214, 257
Sozomenus (5th c.), 16
Spandrils of arcades, 45, 163, 166, 170, 242, 260, 293
Spartan marble, 65, 239
Sphendone, 175
Spina, 175, 177
Stairways, 94, 123, 162, 210, 216
Stalls, 37, 40, 66, 137, 172
Strategion, 3, 4
Stucco, 291
Subdeacons, 91, 104
Suidas (10th c.), 70, 146
Sundial, 178, 182
Sunergasia, 208
Synnadan marble, 60, 82, 171, 238, 243
Syria, influence of, 201, 204
T
Technitai, 24, 206
Tektonikos, 133, 206
Temples at Byzantium, 1-4
Tesserae, 45, 274, 288
Texier, 10, 149, 193, 203, 283
Theodora, wife of Justinian, 70, 86, 88, 294;
wife of Theophilus, 122, 269
Theodoric, 86, 88, 257
Theodosius I. (379), 16, 129, 177, 180;
Code of, 206
Theodosius II. (408), 6, 16
Theophanes (9th c.), 14, 20, 29, 72, 100, 207, 209;
Continuator (10th c.), 71, 87, 90
Theophilus, Emperor (829), 175, 269;
writer, 272, 290
Thessaly, marble of, 32, 37, 40, 44, 58, 59, 130, 164, 236
Thomaites, 65, 181, 186
Throne, 62, 105;
of bishop, 68;
in mosaic, 277, 279
Thusiasterion, 18, 28, 67, 130, 132, 136
Tiberius (578), 174
Titanos, 27, 232
Tombs in S. Sophia, 102
Tralles, 24, 204
Transparent slabs, 262
Trees of light, 51, 57, 118, 119
Tribunal with porphyry steps, 11
Triconcha, 175
Turks capture city, 126, 127, 147
Turrets at west end, 163
U
Ultramarine, 60, 291
Undercutting in carving, 254
Unger, 8, 78
Urns, marble, 84
V
Varangi, 64
Vaults, 69, 150, 160, 161, 199, 200, 207, 219;
mosaic on, 274
Vela, 65, 86, 87
Venice, 71, 72, 99, 175, 193
Verde antique, 67, 81, 82, 164, 165, 166, 167, 170, 172, 242, 260, 261
Veronica, 286
Villehardouin, 107
Virgin, figure of, 83, 109, 123, 275, 278, 284
Vitale, S., at Ravenna, 88, 227
Von Hammer, 145, 152
W
Walls of church, 155, 157;
marble casings, 285
Wax, encaustic, 246
Well, Holy, 78, 91, 95, 105, 130, 139
West front, 192
Windows, 42, 43, 158, 168, 209, 261
Wood, Holy, 94, 95, 97, 105
Wood tie beams, 161, 162, 168, 227, 228, 230
Z
Zeno, building laws of, 6
Zenobia, city of, 206
Zeuxippus, baths of, 3, 4, 11, 179
Zonaras (11th c.), 29, 160, 179, 209
Zosimus (5th c.), 4, 5
THE END.
FOOTNOTES
[1] Ἀνάπλους Βοσπόρου, ed. C. Wescher, 1874, p. 5.
[2] _Notitia Dignitatum_, eds. Pancirolus, Venice, 1602, and Seeck
Berlin, 1876. The date given by Seeck for the _Notitia_ is 411-413 A.D.
[3] Ἑλληνικὸς Φιλολογικὸς Σύλλογος; παράρτημα, 1885.
[4] Ed. Bonn, i., p. 494.
[5] Lydus speaks of a fire spreading from the “Forum of Zeuxippus” to
that of Constantine (p. 265). The baths of Zeuxippus are placed at the
north end of the Hippodrome by Labarte and Mordtmann.
[6] Christodorus, a fifth-century poet.--F. Baumgarten, 1891.
[7] _Hist._ ed. Bonn, p. 97.
[8] Rawlinson’s _Herodotus_, 1875, vol. iv., p. 467.
[9] Mordtmann, _Esquisse topo. de Constantinople_, p. 48 and map.
[10] _The Museum of Classic. Antiq._ 1857, p. 305. The Capitol was
beyond Forum Cons. Lydus speaks of “the porticoes that pass through
the city and lead to the Forum of Constantine, and the broad space is
screened symmetrically with great and beautiful columns. [Some of]
these porticoes are said to have been built by men from Naples and
Puteoli who came to Byzantium to please Constantine.” (Ed. Bonn, p.
266.)
[11] _Imperium Orientale_, Paris, 1711.
[12] Bury, _A History of the later Roman Empire_ (395 A.D. to 800
A.D.), vol. i., p. 57. Mr. Bury, in an excellent review of Paspates’
book in _The Scottish Review_, Ap. 1894, gives up the position assigned
to the Augusteum by that author.
[13] D. Byéljajev, _Byzantina_, St. Petersburg, 1891, reviewed in
_Byzantinische Zeitschrift_, 1892, p. 344.
[14] MSS., plans, and descriptions, in the Library of R. Inst. Brit.
Architects.
[15] Paspates, _The Great Palace_, p. 20. Mr. Metcalfe’s translation is
intended throughout.
[16] Lib. lxxiv., ch. 10.
[17] Mordtmann, _Esquisse_, pp. 4 and 5.
[18] _Esquisse Top._ p. 3.
[19] Zosimus (p. 139) and Lydus (p. 265) say that the Emperor Julian
built a Senate. So also according to Sozomen (ii. 3) and the _Paschal
Chron._ did Constantine.
[20] _Hist. eccles._ lib. vi., ch. xviii.
[21] _Ecc. Hist._ lib. i., xvii.
[22] Du Cange, _Descriptio S. Sophiae_, ed. Bonn, p. 62.
[23] Eusebius, _De Vita Cons._ lib. iv., cap. lviii-lix.
[24] _De Vita Cons._ lib. iii., cap. xlviii.-xlix.
[25] _Eccl. Hist._ ii., xvi.
[26] Du Cange, p. 63. He quotes the fifth-century author Idatius.
[27] Ed. Bonn, i., p. 523, and i., p. 530.
[28] Socrates, _Hist. Eccl._ vi., 18.
[29] Du Cange, § 3.
[30] _Pasch. Chron._ ed. Bonn, i., p. 572.
[31] _Eccl. Hist._ ix., 1.
[32] See Tozer’s note, Finlay, vol. i., 45.
[33] Justinian’s church was opened at Christmas.
[34] Art. “Orientirung” in _Real Encyklopädie der Christlichen
Alterthümer_, 1886, based on Mothes’ schedule in _Die Basilikenformen_,
1865. We hope to show on another occasion that the present church at
Bethlehem which points to the east was entirely rebuilt by Justinian.
There is no proof that S. George Salonica is older than fifth cent.
[35] _Homilies_ xxvi. and lx.
[36] _De Sepulcris Imperatorum_, Migne S. G., vol. 157, p. 726.
[37] Migne, p. 674.
[38] Bingham, _Antiquities of the Christian Church_, vol. iii., p. 120.
[39] _Revue Archéologique_, vol. iv., p. 659, and Kugler, _Geschichte
der Baukunst_, vol. i., p. 372.
[40] For similar early circular baptisteries see Martigny, _Dict.
Christ. Antiq._
[41] See Salz., plate xx., figs. 4, 5.
[42] _Ibid._ p. 19.
[43] _Chron. Pasch._ ed. Bonn, p. 622.
[44] Zonaras also gives the true date; according to the Byzantine era
the year of the world 6040. In Cedrenus it appears as 6008, a copyist’s
error in writing ηʼ for μʼ.
[45] Ed. Bonn, p. 338.
[46] Migne, _S.L._ vol. li., p. 943.
[47] Ed. Bonn, p. 378.
[48] _Theo._ p. 359.
[49] _Geschichte der Byzantinischen Litteratur_, 1893, p. 42. Ramsay
says it could not have been completed until 560. See _Historical
Geography of Asia Minor_, p. 205.
[50] λιθολόγος--really one who picks out and lays stones.
[51] ἁψίς, “a binding together,” used for either an arch or a semidome.
[52] λωρός, “a thong” or a belt.
[53] The author seems here to mistake the piers for the temporary
support of the arch while it was being built.
[54] Theophanes, _Chronographia_, ed. Bonn, vol. i., p. 359.
[55] _Chron. Pasch._ ed. Bonn, and Zonaras.
[56] _Chron._ ed. Bonn, p. 369.
[57] Krumbacher, p. 49.
[58] Agathias, lib. v. ed. Bonn, p. 296.
[59] τὴν ἐπὶ τοῦ κυρτώματος οἰκοδόμιαν.
[60] Krumbacher, p. 53.
[61] _Hist. Eccles._ iv., chap. 31.
[62] The dimensions appear so inaccurate that we do not attempt to
explain them.
[63] Salz. _Alt. Baud._
[64] καὶ κέντρον ἕλειν καὶ σχῆμα χαράξαι.
[65] ἄντυξ, the circular rim of a shield. Used here for the bema-arch.
[66] Column does not stand directly over column.
[67] σφαίρης ἡμιτόμοιο, the ἡμισφαίριον of Agathias and Evagrius. This
word is used by Eusebius for the dome of the Holy Sepulchre.
[68] ἔγραφε leaves no doubt that a mosaic cross on the interior is
intended, and not, as Salzenberg suggests, a cross on the outside.
The full expression for representations in mosaic was καταγράφειν
ψηφῖδι: as in Joannes Lydus († 550), De Magistratibus ii. 20, in his
description of the palace built by the Praetorian Prefect.
[69] Near Antioch.
[70] A town of Lycia.
[71] ἄνθος, a bud, sprout or flower; hence brightness and bloom
generally.
[72] θύρετρος is elsewhere a door. But “twin doors” has no meaning
here. See plan.
[73] January; the consuls then entered on their year of office, and
wore chitons of gold thread. See Du Cange, _S. Sophia_, § 22.
[74] This custom at Antioch is mentioned as early as the time of S.
John Chrysostom in a sermon on the Baptism of Christ.
[75] ψηφῖδες--pebbles. The usual word for mosaic tesserae.
[76] In Macedonia. The mines are mentioned by Herodotus.
[77] The promontory on the south of Attica. The mines were at Laurium.
[78] πολυγλώσσοιο ὁμίλου, the choir.
[79] νῶτον, a back, and hence, any wide, flat surface.
[80] μύρμηξ, the ant; here the silkworm.
[81] οὐρίαχος. Used in Homer of the butt end of a spear; hence long
narrow glass lamps. See our Fig. 17.
[82] ἐπακτρίς, a small row-boat.
[83] See Du Cange, _S. Sophia_, § 70.
[84] Called ὀπισθάμβωνος εὐχή, the “back” of the ambo.
[85] Ed. Bonn, p. 74. See also our page 79.
[86] See Nicetas also on our p. 75.
[87] _La Messe._, Art. “Ambon,” vol. iii., p. 9.
[88] Hopf, _Chroniques Gréco-Romanes_, p. 96.
[89] See our p. 75.
[90] Cantacuzenus, _Hist._ lib. i., chap. 41, ed. Bonn, p. 196.
[91] A shortened form of κεκράκται.
[92] ἡ μεγάλη εἴσοδος, when the Bread and Wine are brought from the
table of the prothesis and placed upon the Holy Table, while the
Cherubic Hymn is sung in honour of “the King of all, invisibly attended
by the spears of the Angelic Hosts.” See Dr. Freshfield’s article
in the _Archaeologia_, vol. xliv., p. 386; he translates a parallel
account from Codinus.
[93] A Russian pilgrim describing the coronation of Manuel in the
fourteenth century says, “The imperial procession advanced so slowly
that it took three hours to walk from the royal door to the thrones.”
_Soc. de l’Orient Latin, séries géog._ vol. v., p. 143.
[94] _De Officiis Palatii_, chap. xvii., ed. Bonn, p. 87.
[95] In _Nicephori Bryennii ... Pauli Silentiarii comment._
[96] _Hist. Byz. duplici commentario illustrata._
[97] Introduction to the _History of the Eastern Church_.
[98] Du Cange, _S. Sophia_, § 49.
[99] Ed. Bonn, p. 259.
[100] Cons. Porphyr. in Labarte, _Pal. Impérial_, p. 92.
[101] See our p. 75.
[102] See Anon. p. 138 below.
[103] The _Euchologium_, ed. 1647, p. 499, speaks of taking the
garments of those about to become conventuals and placing them on or
in the “little sea” (_thalassidion_) of the Holy Table. Here Goarus
interprets it as “the hollow recess of the Holy Table,” which seems to
have been beneath the table, and used for washing the vessels, like the
piscina in the later Latin church.
[104] “ἔλεκτρον or ἀλλότυπον united with glass and fine stones; such is
the material of which the Holy Table of S. Sophia is made.” _Glossary
of Suidas_ quoted by Labarte in _Recherches sur la Peinture en Email_,
p. 89.
[105] Porphyrogenitus describes the table in the chapel built by Basil
the Macedonian as “a mixture of all precious materials placed in order
and bound together by fire into a many-coloured mass of surpassing
beauty, which is the wonder of all nations.” We also read of “Holy
Tables of silver, having gold and precious stones and pearls poured
over them, forming a compact union together.”
[106] Hopf, _Chroniques Gréco-Romanes_.
[107] Nic. _Chron. Hist._, ed. Bonn, p. 758.
[108] _Vera Historia Unionis_, Hague, 1660.
[109] A MS. Greek service-book made for Basil II. (976-1025) now in the
Vatican Library. A folio was printed from it at Urbino in 1727.
[110] Migne, S. L. vol. 106, p. 610.
[111] Migne, S. L. vol. 106, p. 603.
[112] Pachymeres, _de Mich. Pal._ ed. Bonn, vol. ii., p. 385.
[113] Du Cange, _S. Sophia_, § 57.
[114] Texier, _Arch. Byz._, p. 134.
[115] De Fleury, _La Messe_, vol. ii. and plate cii.
[116] Du Cange, § 58.
[117] Bingham, _Antiq. Christ. Church_, vol. iii., p. 123, note.
[118] Ed. Bonn, vol. i., p. 433.
[119] Migne, _S. G. Tom._ 147, p. 414.
[120] Ed. Bonn., pp. 450 and 697.
[121] Figured in Ongania’s _Il Tesoro di San Marco_.
[122] Bayet, _L’Art Byzantin_.
[123] De Fleury, _La Messe_.
[124] Hopf, _Chroniques Gréco-Romanes_.
[125] Compare our p. 126.
[126] _Archaeologia_, vol. xxxiv.
[127] Paulinus, describing the church at Nola, writes: “Cum duabus
dextra laevaque conchulis intra spatiosum sui ambitum apsis sinuata
laxetur, una earum immolanti hostias jubilationis antistiti patet,
altera post sacerdotem capaci sinu receptat orantes.” Migne, _S.L._,
vol. 61, p. 337.
[128] Suicerus, _Thesaurus Ecclesiasticus verb. Diaconicum_.
[129] See p. 96.
[130] _Cer._ pp. 636 and 565.
[131] Du Cange, § 76.
[132] _Cer._ p. 27. A Holy Well is frequently found in the Prothesis.
[133] _Quellen für Byzantischer Kunstgeschichte._
[134] _Cer._ pp. 17 and 167.
[135] _Cer._ pp. 157 and 160.
[136] See account of Coronation in previous chapter and of Adoration of
Cross below.
[137] On Mount Athos; “the Kanonarches, or master of the choir, prompts
the cantors, who sing without books.” A. Riley’s _Mount Athos_.
[138] _The Great Palace_, p. 96.
[139] Compare S. Germanus; _La Messe_, iii., p. 91.
[140] _Theoph. Contin._, ed. Bonn, p. 333.
[141] Mr. Conway in _Art Journal_, 1891.
[142] _Great Palace_, pp. 120, 129.
[143] Vol. iii., p. 321.
[144] Fossati: also Paspates’ _Byzantinae Meletai_, p. 343.
[145] _Relation d’un Voyage de Constantinople_, p. 160. This idea
he may have obtained from Rosweyd’s note to Paulinus (1569), saying
fountains in front of churches were succeeded by lustral vases placed
at the vestibule of the temple. “The rim of such a one seems to be
figured in Gruter, p. 1046, with an inscription which was selected from
the Anthology, as is shown by Rigaltius. This line was [also] written
on the sepulchre of St. Diomede.”
[146] Paciaurdi 1758, _De sacris Balneis_, tab. vi.
[147] Ed. Bonn, vol. i., p. 262.
[148] E. Muntz, _Tapisserie_.
[149] Ed. Bonn, p. 402 and p. 894.
[150] _Cer._ I., p. 591.
[151] _Soc. Orient. Latin, séries Géographique_, vol. v. 1889, p. 143.
[152] See E. Muntz, _Tapisserie_, and M. F. Michel, _Recherches sur ...
des étoffes de Soie_.
[153] _Jahrbuch des Vereins von alterthumsfreunden in Rheinlande_,
1892, p. 224.
[154] _Across the Jordan._
[155] See Paspates and Salz.
[156] Ed. Bonn, vol. i., p. 182.
[157] Vol. i., p. 801.
[158] _Sigillographie de’ l’Empire Byzantin._ The seal of the church
itself represents Justinian and the Virgin or Theodora supporting the
building. _Cp._ Lenormant, _Revue Numismatique_, 1864, p. 268, pl. xii.
[159] _Explicatio Officiorum sanctae ac magnae Ecclesiae, Auctore
incerto a Bernardo Medonio edita_, 1655. A Tupikon or Ritual Book of S.
Sophia has been recently found at Patmos: _Byz. Zeit._, 1893.
[160] _Cantacuzenus_, Bonn, ii., p. 15.
[161] _Cedrenus_, vol ii., p. 609.
[162] Pal. Pil. Text. Soc.
[163] In the _Ceremonies_, book ii., we read that the three crosses
kept in the palace were anointed by the protopapas with balsam, before
being shown. Ed. Bonn, p. 549.
[164] Ed. Bonn, p. 125.
[165] κατηχούμενα, a “place for instruction,” used both of upper and
lower aisles.
[166] The college with a provost (_didaskalos_) and twelve fellows was
between S. Sophia and the Chalkoprateia (see Bury, ii., p. 433), and
therefore according to Mordtmann north of S. Sophia. Descending steps
are only found in the north porch, and this is conclusive against
Labarte and Paspates, who saw in the Didaskalion a mere passage
attached to the south side of the church. Paschalia are the tables of
Easter.
[167] At this time more than one “life-giving cross” was kept at the
palace and occasionally taken to S. Sophia. _Cerem._ 549.
[168] Ed. Bonn, p. 14.
[169] Drapeyron, _L’Empereur Heraclius_, 279.
[170] Fortunatus celebrated its acceptance by a hymn.
[171] _J. of Ephesus_, ed. R. P. Smith, 140.
[172] Figured in Molinier’s _L’Emaillerie_, Paris, 1891.
[173] Figured in Schlumberger’s _Nicephorus Phocas_.
[174] See Ongania, _Il Tesoro_, Fig. 33 and p. 102.
[175] Riant, _Ex. Sac. C.P._, vol. ii., p. 213.
[176] Paspates, _Byzantinae Meletae_, p. 285.
[177] _Des Dépouilles Religieuses enlevées à Constantinople au xiii
siècle par les Latins_, 1875, and the fuller work, _Exuviae Sacrae
Constantinopolitanae_, 1877.
[178] _Soc. Orient Latin. Séries Géog._, vol. v.
[179] Alluded to on a single page of MS. in the British Museum (_Cott.
Claud._ iv.)
[180] In the reign of Constantine Porphyrogenitus, see _Ceremonies_,
vol. ii., ch. xv.
[181] The French translation has _Diakonikon_: Riant, in _Exuv. Sacrae,
C.P._ says “smaller sanctuary:” the Anon. says _skeuophylakium_.
[182] This must be the same as Robert de Clari’s “buhotiaous” fastened
to the ring of the great door of S. Sophia.
[183] _I.e._, the iconoclasts, of whom a number of stories are told by
the Russian pilgrims.
[184] See this story in _Golden Legend_, “Exaltation of the Cross.”
[185] Lazarus was a martyr in the cause of image-worship. See Bayet,
_L’art Byzantin_.
[186] Cedrenus, ii., p. 609. Irene gave a cross “distinguished for its
pearls”: Theo. Cont., p. 703.
[187] Ongania, _Il Tesoro di San Marco_, pp. 57, 59. Rohault de Fleury,
_La Messe_.
[188] _Exuviae Sacrae Constantinopolitanae._
[189] See our p. 49.
[190] Theoph. Contin., ed. Bonn, p. 211.
[191] _Ibid._, _Life of Basil_, ch. 79.
[192] _La Messe_, vol. vi., p. 78.
[193] See fig. in _Byz. Zeitschrift_, 1893, p. 142.
[194] In the figure 18 the attachment for the chain is shown at A, the
chain of monograms is taken from Rossi, B shows the provision for the
chains in the last example (Fig. 17), where there is a slight mistake,
the alternate piercings in the rim being crosses as here shown.
[195] Adapted from a photographic view in A. Riley’s _Mountain of the
Monks_.
[196] Du Cange.
[197] Lib. iii. This was at Milan.
[198] For this and other lamps see especially _La Messe_ and _Il
Tesoro_.
[199] A. Riley, _Mountain of the Monks_.
[200] P. 154.
[201] _Constantinopolis und aer Bosporus_, vol. i., pp. 36-44.
[202] The images were restored in S. Sophia on the 19th of February.
Pagi. Critica in _Universos Annales Baronii_, vol. iii., p. 587.
[203] Goar’s _Euchologium_, 1647, p. 560.
[204] Cons. Porph. _Life of Basil_, ch. 79.
[205] _Leo Diaconus_, ed. Bonn, p. 176.
[206] Du Cange, _S. Sophia_, § 35.
[207] Paspates, _Byzantinae Meletae_.
[208] _Pachymeres_, ed. Bonn, i., p. 172.
[209] _Hist. Byzan._, ed. Bonn, p. 273.
[210] Ed. Bonn, lib. iv., p. 29.
[211] Nicephorus Gregoras, p. 749.
[212] Cantacuz., ed. Bonn, p. 30.
[213] Compare Tozer’s _Turkey_, i. 97. He says Constantinople is still
constantly called “the City” all over the Levant.
[214] Gyllius reports a similar story.
[215] Wright’s _Early Travels in Palestine_.
[216] “Constantine, the last emperor of the Greeks.”
[217] Brit. Mus. MSS. Add. 6,417.
[218] Salzenberg, _Altchristliche Baudenkmale_.
[219] _Relation d’un Voyage de Constantinople_, 1680.
[220] MS. Harl., 3,408.
[221] From _Originum Rerumque Constantinopolitarium, variis auctoribus,
manipulus_, F. Franciscus Combefis, Paris, 1664. The same anonymous
description is also given by Banduri, _Imperium Orientale_, ed. 1711,
vol. i.
[222] Evidently meant for lower aisles.
[223] If this interpretation can be accepted for στοαί.
[224] Bricks stamped with long inscriptions of this kind were
frequently used: one from Sirmium is mentioned in _Byzantinische
Zeitschrift_ for 1894, p. 222: “O Lord Christ, help this city, keep off
the Avars and guard Romania and him who writes this, Amen.”
[225] This may mean the thickness of the marble wall lining in some
places gilt--if it has a meaning.
[226] σειζαὶ, a network, studded with jewels, suspended from
processional crosses, and from the sides of crowns, see Fig. 15.
[227] Reading ἐπὶ for ἀντί.
[228] βοτρυιδόν, “like bunches of grapes.”
[229] φίνες, Graecised form of the Latin _fines_.
[230] Quoted in Ibn Batuta, Orient. Trans. Socy.
[231] Du Cange, notes on Bondelmontius.
[232] Glycas, _Annalium, Pars V._, ed. Bonn, p. 498.
[233] Du Cange, _op. cit._
[234] Hopf, _Chroniques Gréco-Romanes_, Berlin, 1873, p. 67.
[235] _Altchristliche Baudenkmale von Constantinopel_, published by
the Prussian Government, Berlin 1854, with metrical version of the
Silentiary’s poem by Dr. Körtum.
[236] Salzenberg here suggests that these formerly supported equestrian
statues. See his plates ix.-xii. and compare our fig. 29.
[237] Salz. xx., figs. 9 and 10.
[238] All dimensions in this chapter are in Prussian feet, 100 of which
= 103 English.
[239] See Salz., plate vi.
[240] Salz., plate vii.
[241] Salz., plates vii., viii., and illustration of stairs in text.
[242] Salz., plate vi.
[243] _Ibid._, plate xx.
[244] Only a short time was allowed to Salzenberg for its examination.
He was convinced it was not a baptistery, but gives no reasons.
[245] Salz., plate xviii., figs. 9, 13.
[246] Salz., plate vi.
[247] Salz., plate vii.
[248] Salz., plate vi.
[249] Salz., plates vi., x.
[250] It is probable, writes Salzenberg, that originally the buttress
masses reached only up to the roof of the gynaeceum, level with the
springing of the great arches; as Cedrenus describes how Justinian, at
the restoration after the fall of the dome, made outside the building,
in the neighbourhood of the main piers, above the roof of the gynaeceum
four staircases, “cochleas” which reached up to the dome “to strengthen
the vaulting.” Theophanes also speaks of new piers which Justinian
erected to strengthen the dome. The circumstances mentioned by
Procopius seem to indicate that the abutments of the great arches were
not sufficient. See our chap. x., § 1, for another interpretation.
[251] These Salzenberg thought later additions, “for the stone
projections are not bonded to the piers, and the Silentiary says
columns stood in these positions.” We do not so interpret the lines
of the poem, and, although Choisy here follows Salzenberg, it is
impossible to see, if there were additions subsequent to the completion
of the building, how it is that the perfectly symmetrical disposition
of the marble panelling shows no disturbance, and the beautiful carved
cornice which mitres round these projections has had no additions made
to it (our Fig. 47). The straight joints, which Choisy in another place
specially notes as a method of Byzantine building, were here most
wisely applied; for on one side the great pier was of stone, and on the
other the buttress pier is of brick.
[252] Salzenberg conjectures from Agathias that these arches were
a later addition made when the dome was restored by Justinian. But
without them, as he remarks, there would not have been originally a
square base for the circle of the dome. See explanation of original
form, p. 210.
[253] Salzenberg assumes from Paulus that “the dome was surmounted by a
cross”: the cross was of mosaic inside.
[254] See Salz., plate x. The right-hand side is a section through one
of the domical vaults, and the left through the barrel-vault which
connects two domical vaults. The plans, plates vi. and vii., and the
section plate xi., show how close some of the columns stand to the
piers, to which they are joined by small barrel-vaults, intersecting
the domical vaulting.
[255] A mistake for vertical circles; the large number of cisterns
where the vaults are uncovered make this certain. See our p. 221.
[256] Salz., plate xxiv.
[257] Salz., plate xxiii.
[258] See figure in Salzenberg’s text.
[259] Salz., plate xi.
[260] Preparation for the gold.
[261] Salzenberg’s plate xv., fig. 6. The inclination of the sides of
that shown is much exaggerated, if in any case it exists.
[262] Salz., plate xvi., fig. 1, 5.
[263] Plate xvi., figs. 5, 6.
[264] Salz., plate xvii., figs. 12 and 13. Fig. 14 gives the base, fig.
2 a complete column.
[265] Salz., plate xv., figs. 7, 8.
[266] See Salz., plate xv., figs. 1, 4, 5 for lower cornice; plate
xvi., 2 and 3 for upper, figs. 3, 4 for dome cornice, fig. 9 aisle
cornice. This last, says Salzenberg, “is mended in many places with
gypsum, and comes from an earlier building.” We do not know what
earlier building could have furnished a quarter of the quantity used in
S. Sophia. Is it possible that the whole of it is of gypsum? (See our
chapter xii.) The marble skirtings are shown on plates xv. and xvi.
[267] In a note Salzenberg draws attention to Paulus speaking of eight
windows in this wall, and conjectures that instead of the five upper
windows there was one large opening here.
[268] Salz., plate xx., fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a capital that was found on
one of the four parapet posts, and removed at the “restoration”; fig.
7 was not found in S. Sophia; fig. 8 was an isolated capital in north
aisle; figs. 9-11 show upper mouldings to the piers of the propylaeum.
[269] Salz., plate xx., fig. 12 shows the underside of the beam in the
middle of the west gynaeceum; fig. 15 is the side, and fig. 16 the
underside of one in the south gynaeceum; figs. 13 and 14, one in the
north gynaeceum.
[270] Salz., plate xiv.
[271] Plate xvii., figs. 1-7.
[272] See Salz., plate xvii. Fig. 3 is the upper capital, fig. 4
the lower, figs. 5 and 6 the base, and fig. 7 the under side of the
architrave. Figs. 8, 9, 10 are details of large west window.
[273] Salz., plate xviii.
[274] Plate xviii., figs. 10-14.
[275] See plates vi. and xi.
[276] Salz., plate iii., fig. 7.
[277] Salz., plate xix.
[278] See Salz., plate ix.
[279] Salz., plate xvi., fig. 4.
[280] Salz., plate xvi.
[281] Salz., plates xxi., xxii. Plate xxii., fig. 1 shows the upper
frieze and the panels beneath.
[282] Salz., plate xxi., fig. 18, and our fig. 9.
[283] Bury, vol. ii., 202.
[284] J. of Ephesus wrote _circa_ 590, R. Payne Smith’s translation.
[285] See also Rambaud, _Revue des Deux Mondes_, Aug. 1871.
[286] See plan and view in Strzygowski und Forchheimer, _Die
Wasserbehälter von Konstantinopel_.
[287] _Imperium Orientale_, p. 664.
[288] See _Ancien Plan de Constantinople imprimé entre 1566 et 1574,
avec Notes explicatives par Caedicius_, 1890.
[289] Ed. 1562, p. 91.
[290] Hakluyt Society, 1859, p. 34.
[291] Migne, _S.G._ vol. 133, p. 695.
[292] Texier figured in the _Revue Archéologique_, 1845, a small
fountain found near the hippodrome to which it probably formerly
belonged.
[293] Nicetas, ed. Bonn, p. 857.
[294] An organ is shown on the sculptured base of the obelisk of
Theodosius.
[295] MS. Mus. Brit., Sloane 2742, xvi. c.
[296] Procopius.
[297] Hakluyt Soc., p. 36.
[298] _Nuremberg Chronicle._
[299] _Constantinopolis Christiana_, lib. i., ch. xxiv.
[300] _La Syrie Centrale_, p. 75.
[301] Ed. Bonn, p. 307 _et seq._
[302] Nicetas, p. 733.
[303] Quoted by Buzantios.
[304] _Ceremonies_, appendix _ad lib._ i., p. 502.
[305] Ed. Bonn, v., p. 266.
[306] Hakluyt Soc. series.
[307] Anna Comnena also speaks of the houses of the Great Church.
[308] See Curtis, _Broken Bits of Byzantium_, part 2.
[309] Paspates, p. 40.
[310] See Curtis, _Broken Bits of Byz._, part 2.
[311] It may be mentioned that an Italian cantharus, or font, of the
twelfth century, in the possession of Mr. Brindley, has the Latinised
form of the same word in an inscription around its rim which reads
Artificum summus cui nullus in orbe secundus Hunc luterem clarum
sollerer sculpsit aquae....
[312] Quoted by Paspates, _Byzan. Mel._ Note on p. 340.
[313] Lanciani, _Pagan and Christ. Rome_.
[314] Labarte, _Pal. Imp._
[315] _Pachymeres de Michael Palaeol._, ed. Migne, p. 703. See also Du
Cange, _S. Sophia_, § 22.
[316] _Inscriptiones Antiquae totius orbis Romani._
[317] Grelot is vague in regard to it. Banduri understood him to
mean that the inscription was on the inner water vessels. The Greek
patriarch Constantios accepts it as having belonged to the Phiale.
Buzantios wildly says baptistery.
[318] An inscrip. in Baptistery Florence, reads--
EN GIRO TORTE SOL CICLOS ET ROTOR IGNE.
[319] See p. 84 and Kraus for other similar inscriptions.
[320] The first, he says, “stands by the entrance to an old Bagno,” it
was 4′ 3½″ in diameter. “The second stands in the midst of the cistern
in the square court of the supposed St. John’s Church.” This was 2′ 6″
in diameter.
[321] Migne, _Pat. Cur. Com. Series Graeca_, vol. i.
[322] _Euchologium_, ed. 1647, p. 463.
[323] Ed. 1647, p. 560.
[324] _Relation Nouvelle d’un Voyage de Constantinople._
[325] In Fig. 29 we have followed his drawings disregarding his
estimate of height.
[326] Curtis, _Broken Bits of Byz._, Part II.
[327]
. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
. . .
[328] See P. D. Kouppas, _The Building of Byzantine Churches_. Ἑλλην.
Φιλολ. Συλλ. παραρ. vol. 20-22, p. 38.
[329] For gold tesserae of second cent. see _Bull. Soc. des Ant._,
1893, p. 76.
[330] _Eastern Palestine Memoirs_, 1889, p. 172.
[331] See Fig. 30.
[332] From the Hellenic Society’s supplement to their journal.
[333] See also _Byzantinische Zeitschrift_, 1894.
[334] The inscription states that the work was done while Paul was
archbishop. And--
ΜΗΝΙΝΟΕΜΒΡΙΩΙΝΔΙΚΤΙΟΝΙΤΕΤΑΡΤΗΕΤΟΥϹ ΑΠΟΚΤΙϹΕΩϹΚΟϹΜΟΥϲ̣
The vital numerals were defaced, but there seemed no doubt that the
last fragment was a part of S (6000) and as the writer states that
there was only room for one more letter, SΔ or 6004 (495) is the only
year that will fit the fourth indiction. “The architect Bubroff is
about to show that the church was built in the fifth century.”
[335] A book on mechanics (περὶ παραδόξων μηχανημάτων) has been
ascribed to Anthemius.
[336] Procopius in _Pal. Pilg. Text._, p. 48.
[337] Lib. xiii., tit. iv.
[338] Edit. by Waddington, p. 18.
[339] Giacomo Boni, _Il Duomo di Parenzo_, in _Archivio Storico
dell’Arte_, 1894, p. 5.
[340] _Migne_, S.G., vol. xxxvii., p. 1090.
[341] There is no doubt about these arches being truly _pointed_.
They were drawn so by Dr. Covel about 1675, they appear so in the
careful engraving in Miss Pardoe’s _Bosphorus_, and these are fully
confirmed by Strzygowski and Forchheimer, _Die Wasserbehälter von
Konstantinopel_, pp. 12 and 71. The use of the pointed arch in the east
is probably an unbroken tradition from early days in Egypt.
[342] _Die Wasserbehälter_, p. 130, &c.
[343] 1799, p. 236.
[344] _Journal of Roy. Inst. Brit. Archts._, Jan. 1893.
[345] See also p. 247, 1892, for the conditions of stability of dome of
S. Sophia.
[346] Ἑλλην. Φιλολ. Συλλ. παραρ. vol. xx., 1892.
[347] P. 485.
[348] _Die Byzantinischen Wasserbehälter_, p. 22.
[349] In another place Covel gives the following. Lukium--unslaked
lime, burnt brick (both in a fine powder), cotton wool very fine pulled
and strewed on, linseed oil. Cistern plaister--Lime, burnt brick,
cotton or flax, water [use] almost dry, smooth it and saturate with oil.
[350] _Blasii Caryophili opusculum de antiquis marmoribus_, 1743.
[351] _Trattato delle pietre antiche_, 1833.
[352] _Ancient Art._
[353] _Chronologie von Egypten_, p. 365.
[354] _Revue des deux Mondes_, 1841.
[355] In MS. notes lent by Mr. Brindley.
[356] _Histor. Geography of Asia Minor_, p. 433.
[357] See Boni, who corrects Corsi, in _La Basilica di San Marco_.
[358] Ἑλλην. Φιλ. Συλλ. παραρ. 1885, p. 10.
[359] _Mittheilungen, etc._, _Arch. Inst. Athens_, 1889, xiv. 286.
[360] Mr. Brindley has shown us a photograph of a half worked Byzantine
column with a flat necking, still attached in a horizontal position to
the rock on its underside while the upper part is rounded.
[361] Η. Κωνσταντινουπολις, p. 500.
[362] _Survey of Western Palestine_, vol. iii., p. 357.
[363] Walsh, _A Residence at Constantinople_, “Errata” to p. 80.
[364] Ἑλλην. Φιλ. Συλλ. παραρ., vol xvi., 1885, p. 34.
[365] See Bayet, _L’Art Byzantin_.
[366] A.M. 5508 of Byzantine chronology coincides with A.D. 1 up to
September 1st. Indictions were cycles of fifteen years commencing
in 312 A.D. Both the years of the world and the Indictions began on
September 1st.
[367] Ἑλλην. Φιλολ. Συλλ. παραρ., vol. xvi., p. 30.
[368] _Essai sur la Chronologie Byzantine._
[369] Finlay, vol. i., p. 165.
[370] Mordtmann, p. 36.
[371] Shown in Salzenberg’s plate.
[372] Η. Κωνσταντινουπολις, vol. i. p. 500
[373] Curtis, _Broken Bits of Byz._, part ii.
[374] _Le Bosphore et Constantinople_, 1873.
[375] See below, p. 287.
[376] See Salz., plate xxiii. Fig. 2 is one of the tympana, the centre
one has figures: fig. 3 transverse arches; fig. 5 soffite of a window.
[377] Salzenberg’s plate xxiv. gives details of the lower aisles.
[378] Fig. 2 is the barrel vault near the window; fig. 3 arches and
vault adjoining; fig. 6 the intrados of the arches opening to the nave;
fig. 7 a pattern of the west gynaeceum.
[379] Plate xxvi., fig. 6.
[380] See fig. 3 for this cornice, the band beneath, and the edges of
the great arches.
[381] Fig. 7 gives the borders of the windows in semidomes.
[382] Salz., plate xxvii.
[383] Salz. xxxii., fig. 4.
[384] Salz., plate xxviii.
[385] Salz., plate xxix.
[386] Reading ΚΥΡΙΕ.
[387] Salz., plate xxx.
[388] The figure of Jeremiah at S. Clemente, Rome, bears the same
inscription.
[389] Salz., plate xxv., fig. 3.
[390] Salz., plate xxii.
[391] Salz., plate xxxi.
[392] Salz., plate xxxi.
[393] Salz., plate xxxi., fig. 7.
[394] _Ibid._ fig 8.
[395] _Arts Industriels._
[396] _Hist. of Painting_, vol. i., p. 234.
[397] _Recherches._
[398] Bury, vol. ii. 432.
[399] R. Walsh, _Essays on Ancient Coins, &c._, 1828, gives the Greek.
[400] _American Journ. Archæol._, iv. 143.
[401] Theoph. Cont. ed. Bonn, p. 99.
[402] A composition of this kind at Parenzo appears to go up to the
sixth or seventh century.
[403] See Diehl in _Byz. Zeits._, 1893.
[404] _Il Tesoro._
[405] Pératé, _Archéol. Chrétienne_, with figure, p. 265.
[406] Relievi storico artistici sulla architettura Bizantina.
[407] See note above the index.
[408] _Il Duomo di Parenzo_, p. 26.
[409] Middleton, _Anc. Rome_, i. 31.
[410] See Labarte, _Arts Indust._, vol. iii., p. 331.
[411] Boni, _Il Duomo di Parenzo_, pp. 4, 5.
[412] _Stones of Venice_, I., xxiii., 13.
[413] Ἑλλην. Φιλ. Συλλ. παραρ., vol. xvi., 1885, p. 13.
[414] In our illustration the same capital is distinguished by a
letter, the two sides by 1 and 2, the monograms reading in the
direction of the reference to their position. Those of “N. Aisle” for
instance read from left side of page.
[415] Two varieties of monograms on capitals at S. Mark’s have been
the subject of much study which Cattaneo sums up in Boïto’s text of
the great monograph on S. Mark’s, but they have never been deciphered.
One (see Photos, vol. ii., p. 127) is a perfect example of Justinian;
three which show in capitals of the upper stage south side are perfect
examples of Basileos--if corresponding monograms probably on the hidden
sides of these capitals are examined, they too may be found to contain
the Justinian monogram. For monograms at S. Sergius see _Byz. Zeit._
for 1894.
[416] In _L’Art de Bâtir_ and _Revue Archéologique_, 1876.
[417] _Die Wasserbehälter von Konstantinopel_, p. 245.
[418] Curtis, _Broken Bits of Byzantium_, pt. ii.
[419] Ἑλλ. Φιλ. Συλλ. παραρ., vol. xvi. p. 29.
TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE
This eBook makes the following corrections to the printed text:
Pg 8
Quellen der Byzantinischen Kunstgeschicht
Quellen der Byzantinischen Kunstgeschichte
Pg 9
placed the prophyry column
placed the porphyry column
Pg 22 (footnote)
Geschichte der Byzantinischer Litteratur
Geschichte der Byzantinischen Litteratur
Pg 24
that he furnished him
that He furnished him
Pg 32
and the saints among them
and the saints—among them
Pg 35
the restoration of S. Sophia
the restoration of S. Sophia.
Pg 56
rings fixed circlewise round each base
rings fixed circle-wise round each base
Pg 94
reaches the royal doors and stands there.”
reaches the royal doors and stands there.
Pg 109
by Henrich Ulmen
by Heinrich Ulmen
Pg 118
above the beam of the iconastasis
above the beam of the iconostasis
Pg 120
running the whole longth
running the whole length
Pg 122
from time to time
from time to time.
Pg 124
patriarch Arsenius during the reign of Michael Palaeologos
patriarch Arsenius during the reign of Michael Palaeologus
Pg 124
the wife of Andronicus Palaeologos
the wife of Andronicus Palaeologus
Pg 132
is generally call the Baptistery
is generally called the Baptistery
Pg 135
in order. and how the wealth
in order, and how the wealth
Pg 136
said to the craftsman. ‘I will
said to the craftsman, ‘I will
Pg 150
floor to the vertex,
floor to the vertex.
Pg 151
immense semircircular window
immense semicircular window
Pg 152
pyramids by Nicephorus Gregoras
pyramids by Nicephorus Gregoras.
Pg 160
was used by the lamplighter
was used by the lamp-lighter
Pg 160
and Zonoras twenty-five
and Zonaras twenty-five
Pg 179
most of which were re-built by Justinian
most of which were rebuilt by Justinian
Pg 186 (footnote)
See Curtis Broken Bits of Byzantium
See Curtis, Broken Bits of Byzantium
Pg 191 (footnote)
This was 2′ 6″ in. diameter
This was 2′ 6″ in diameter
Pg 192
Symeon of Thessalonica tells us
Simeon of Thessalonica tells us
Pg 204
and St. Sergius at Bozra
and St. Sergius at Bosra
Pg 212
Figs, 4, 36, 38
Figs. 4, 36, 38
Pg 217
above the transome
above the transom
Pg 223
Viollet-de-Duc thinks that
Viollet-le-Duc thinks that
Pg 232
filaments of cotton.” This was reduced
filaments of cotton. This was reduced
Pg 233
It is made of unslaked lime ...”
“It is made of unslaked lime ...”
Pg 268
the horizonal arm of the cross
the horizontal arm of the cross
Pg 294
ceramic inscription given in the Revue Archéoogique
ceramic inscription given in the Revue Archéologique
Make punctuation consistent in section headings.
Replace Roman numerals with Arabic numerals for section headings
in Chapter VII.
Paspates’ book, ΒΥΖΑΝΤΙΝΑΙ ΜΕΛΕΤΑΙ, is cited variously as Byzantinae
Meletai, Byzantinae Melatae, and Byzantinae Meletae. These citations
are left unchanged.
This eBook makes the following adjustments to the Byzantine inscriptions:
Use Ω (capital omega) where the printed text used a large ω.
Use Υ (capital upsilon) where the printed text used a
V-shaped character.