Chapter 2: A Storm On Galilee.
Chapter 3: The Revolt Against Rome.
Chapter 4: The Lull Before The Storm.
Chapter 5: The Siege Of Jotapata.
Chapter 6: The Fall Of The City.
Chapter 7: The Massacre On The Lake.
Chapter 8: Among The Mountains.
Chapter 9: The Storming Of Gamala.
Chapter 10: Captives.
Chapter 11: A Tale Of Civil Strife.
Chapter 12: Desultory Fighting.
Chapter 13: The Test Of Devotion.
Chapter 14: Jerusalem.
Chapter 15: The Siege Is Begun.
Chapter 16: The Subterranean Passage.
Chapter 17: The Capture Of The Temple.
Chapter 18: Slaves.
Chapter 19: At Rome.
Illustrations
On the Sea of Galilee.
Heightening the Walls of Jotapata under Shelter of Ox Hides.
John Incites his Countrymen to Harass the Romans.
The Roman Camp Surprised and Set on Fire.
Mary and the Hebrew Women in the Hands of the Romans.
Titus Brings Josephus to See John.
John and his Band in Sight of Jerusalem.
Misery in Jerusalem During the Siege by Titus.
'Lesbia,' the Roman said, 'I have brought you two more slaves.'
The Return of John to his House on the Lake.
Preface.
In all history, there is no drama of more terrible interest than
that which terminated with the total destruction of Jerusalem. Had
the whole Jewish nation joined in the desperate resistance made, by
a section of it, to the overwhelming strength of Rome, the world
would have had no record of truer patriotism than that displayed,
by this small people, in their resistance to the forces of the
mistress of the world.
Unhappily, the reverse of this was the case. Except in the defense
of Jotapata and Gamala, it can scarcely be said that the Jewish
people, as a body, offered any serious resistance to the arms of
Rome. The defenders of Jerusalem were a mere fraction of its
population--a fraction composed almost entirely of turbulent
characters and robber bands, who fought with the fury of
desperation; after having placed themselves beyond the pale of
forgiveness, or mercy, by the deeds of unutterable cruelty with
which they had desolated the city, before its siege by the Romans.
They fought, it is true, with unflinching courage--a courage never
surpassed in history--but it was the courage of despair; and its
result was to bring destruction upon the whole population, as well
as upon themselves.
Fortunately the narrative of Josephus, an eyewitness of the events
which he describes, has come down to us; and it is the storehouse
from which all subsequent histories of the events have been drawn.
It is, no doubt, tinged throughout by his desire to stand well with
his patrons, Vespasian and Titus; but there is no reason to doubt
the accuracy of his descriptions. I have endeavored to present you
with as vivid a picture as possible of the events of the war,
without encumbering the story with details and, except as regards
the exploits of John of Gamala, of whom Josephus says nothing, have
strictly followed, in every particular, the narrative of the
historian.
G. A. Henty.
Chapter 1: The Lake Of Tiberias.
"Dreaming, John, as usual? I never saw such a boy. You are always
in extremes; either tiring yourself out, or lying half asleep."
"I was not half asleep, mother. I was looking at the lake."
"I cannot see much to look at, John. It's just as it has been ever
since you were born, or since I was born."
"No, I suppose there's no change, mother; but I am never tired of
looking at the sun shining on the ripples, and the fishermen's
boats, and the birds standing in the shallows or flying off, in a
desperate hurry, without any reason that I can make out. Besides,
mother, when one is looking at the lake, one is thinking of other
things."
"And very often thinking of nothing at all, my son."
"Perhaps so, mother; but there's plenty to think of, in these
times."
"Plenty, John; there are baskets and baskets of figs to be stripped
from the trees, and hung up to dry for the winter and, next week,
we are going to begin the grape harvest. But the figs are the
principal matter, at present; and I think that it would be far more
useful for you to go and help old Isaac and his son, in getting
them in, than in lying there watching the lake."
"I suppose it would, mother," the lad said, rising briskly; for his
fits of indolence were by no means common and, as a rule, he was
ready to assist at any work which might be going on.
"I do not wonder at John loving the lake," his mother said to
herself, when the lad had hurried away. "It is a fair scene; and it
may be, as Simon thinks, that a change may come over it, before
long, and that ruin and desolation may fall upon us all."
There were, indeed, few scenes which could surpass in tranquil
beauty that which Martha, the wife of Simon, was looking upon--the
sheet of sparkling water, with its low shores dotted with towns and
villages. Down the lake, on the opposite shore, rose the walls and
citadel of Tiberias, with many stately buildings; for although
Tiberias was not, now, the chief town of Galilee--for Sepphoris had
usurped its place--it had been the seat of the Roman authority, and
the kings who ruled the country for Rome generally dwelt there.
Half a mile from the spot where Martha was standing rose the
newly-erected walls of Hippos.
Where the towns and villages did not engross the shore, the rich
orchards and vineyards extended down to the very edge of the water.
The plain of Galilee was a veritable garden. Here flourished, in
the greatest abundance, the vine and the fig; while the low hills
were covered with olive groves, and the corn waved thickly on the
rich, fat land. No region on the earth's face possessed a fairer
climate. The heat was never extreme; the winds blowing from the
Great Sea brought the needed moisture for the vegetation; and so
soft and equable was the air that, for ten months in the year,
grapes and figs could be gathered.
The population, supported by the abundant fruits of the earth, was
very large. Villages--which would elsewhere be called towns, for
those containing but a few thousand inhabitants were regarded as
small, indeed--were scattered thickly over the plain; and few areas
of equal dimensions could show a population approaching that which
inhabited the plains and slopes between the Sea of Galilee and the
Mediterranean. None could then have dreamed of the dangers that
were to come, or believed that this rich cultivation and teeming
population would disappear; and that, in time, a few flocks of
wandering sheep would scarce be able to find herbage growing, on
the wastes of land which would take the place of this fertile soil.
Certainly no such thought as this occurred to Martha, as she
re-entered the house; though she did fear that trouble, and ruin,
might be approaching.
John was soon at work among the fig trees, aiding Isaac and his son
Reuben--a lad of some fifteen years--to pick the soft, luscious
fruit, and carry it to the little courtyard, shaded from the rays
of the sun by an overhead trellis work, covered with vines and
almost bending beneath the purple bunches of grapes. Miriam--the
old nurse--and four or five maid servants, under the eye of Martha,
tied them in rows on strings, and fastened them to pegs driven into
that side of the house upon which the sun beat down most hotly. It
was only the best fruit that was so served; for that which had been
damaged in the picking, and all of smaller size, were laid on trays
in the sun. The girls chatted merrily as they worked; for Martha,
although a good housewife, was a gentle mistress and, so long as
fingers were busy, heeded not if the tongue ran on.
"Let the damsels be happy, while they may," she would say, if
Miriam scolded a little when the laughter rose louder than usual.
"Let them be happy, while they can; who knows what lies in the
future?"
But at present, the future cast no shade upon the group; nor upon a
girl of about fourteen years old, who danced in and out of the
courtyard in the highest spirits, now stopping a few minutes to
string the figs, then scampering away with an empty basket which,
when she reached the gatherers, she placed on her head and
supported demurely, for a little while, at the foot of the ladder
upon which John was perched--so that he could lay the figs in it
without bruising them. But, long ere the basket was filled she
would tire of the work and, setting it on the ground, run back into
the house.
"And so you think you are helping, Mary," John said, laughing, when
the girl returned for the fourth time, with an empty basket.
"Helping, John! Of course I am--ever so much. Helping you, and
helping them at the house, and carrying empty baskets. I consider
myself the most active of the party."
"Active, certainly, Mary! but if you do not help them, in stringing
and hanging the figs, more than you help me, I think you might as
well leave it alone."
"Fie, John! That is most ungrateful, after my standing here like a
statue, with the basket on my head, ready for you to lay the figs
in."
"That is all very fine!" John laughed; "but before the basket is
half full, away you go; and I have to get down the ladder, and
bring up the basket and fix it firmly, and that without shaking the
figs; whereas, had you left it alone, altogether, I could have
brought up the empty basket and fixed it close by my hand, without
any trouble at all."
"You are an ungrateful boy, and you know how bad it is to be
ungrateful! And after my making myself so hot, too!" Miriam said.
"My face is as red as fire, and that is all the thanks I get. Very
well, then, I shall go into the house, and leave you to your own
bad reflections."
"You need not do that, Mary. You can sit down in the shade there,
and watch us at work; and eat figs, and get yourself cool, all at
the same time. The sun will be down in another half hour, and then
I shall be free to amuse you."
"Amuse me, indeed!" the girl said indignantly, as she sat down on
the bank to which John had pointed. "You mean that I shall amuse
you; that is what it generally comes to. If it wasn't for me I am
sure, very often, there would not be a word said when we are out
together."
"Perhaps that is true," John agreed; "but you see, there is so much
to think about."
"And so you choose the time when you are with me to think! Thank
you, John! You had better think, at present," and, rising from the
seat she had just taken, she walked back to the house again,
regardless of John's explanations and shouts.
Old Isaac chuckled, on his tree close by.
"They are ever too sharp for us, in words, John. The damsel is
younger than you, by full two years; and yet she can always put you
in the wrong, with her tongue."
"She puts meanings to my words which I never thought of," John
said, "and is angered, or pretends to be--for I never know which it
is--at things which she has coined out of her own mind, for they
had no place in mine."
"Boys' wits are always slower than girls'," the old man said. "A
girl has more fancy, in her little finger, than a boy in his whole
body. Your cousin laughs at you, because she sees that you take it
all seriously; and wonders, in her mind, how it is her thoughts run
ahead of yours. But I love the damsel, and so do all in the house
for, if she be a little wayward at times, she is bright and loving,
and has cheered the house since she came here.
"Your father is not a man of many words; and Martha, as becomes her
age, is staid and quiet, though she is no enemy of mirth and
cheerfulness; but the loss of all her children, save you, has
saddened her, and I think she must often have pined that she had
not a girl; and she has brightened much since the damsel came here,
three years ago.
"But the sun is sinking, and my basket is full. There will be
enough for the maids to go on with, in the morning, until we can
supply them with more."
John's basket was not full, but he was well content to stop and,
descending their ladders, the three returned to the house.
Simon of Gadez--for that was the name of his farm, and the little
fishing village close by, on the shore--was a prosperous and
well-to-do man. His land, like that of all around him, had come
down from father to son, through long generations; for the law by
which all mortgages were cleared off, every seven years, prevented
those who might be disposed to idleness and extravagance from
ruining themselves, and their children. Every man dwelt upon the
land which, as eldest son, he had inherited; while the younger
sons, taking their smaller share, would settle in the towns or
villages and become traders, or fishermen, according to their bent
and means.
There were poor in Palestine--for there will be poor, everywhere,
so long as human nature remains as it is; and some men are idle and
self indulgent, while others are industrious and thrifty--but,
taking it as a whole there were, thanks to the wise provisions of
their laws, no people on the face of the earth so generally
comfortable, and well to do. They grumbled, of course, over the
exactions of the tax collectors--exactions due, not to the
contribution which was paid by the province to imperial Rome, but
to the luxury and extravagance of their kings, and to the greed and
corruption of the officials. But in spite of this, the people of
rich and prosperous Galilee could have lived in contentment, and
happiness, had it not been for the factions in their midst.
On reaching the house, John found that his father had just returned
from Hippos, whither he had gone on business. He nodded when the
lad entered, with his basket.
"I have hired eight men in the market, today, to come out tomorrow
to aid in gathering in the figs," he said; "and your mother has
just sent down, to get some of the fishermen's maidens to come in
to help her. It is time that we had done with them, and we will
then set about the vintage. Let us reap while we can, there is no
saying what the morrow will bring forth.
"Wife, add something to the evening meal, for the Rabbi Solomon Ben
Manasseh will sup with us, and sleep here tonight."
John saw that his father looked graver than usual, but he knew his
duty as a son too well to think of asking any questions; and he
busied himself, for a time, in laying out the figs on trays--knowing
that, otherwise, their own weight would crush the soft fruit before
the morning, and bruise the tender skins.
A quarter of an hour later, the quick footsteps of a donkey were
heard approaching. John ran out and, having saluted the rabbi, held
the animal while his father assisted him to alight and, welcoming
him to his house, led him within. The meal was soon served. It
consisted of fish from the lake, kid's flesh seethed in milk, and
fruit.
Only the men sat down; the rabbi sitting upon Simon's right hand,
John on his left, and Isaac and his son at the other end of the
table. Martha's maids waited upon them, for it was not the custom
for the women to sit down with the men and, although in the country
this usage was not strictly observed, and Martha and little Mary
generally took their meals with Simon and John, they did not do so
if any guest was present.
In honor of the visitor, a white cloth had been laid on the table.
All ate with their fingers; two dishes of each kind being placed on
the table--one at each end. But few words were said during the
meal. After it was concluded, Isaac and his son withdrew and,
presently, Martha and Mary, having taken their meal in the women's
apartments, came into the room. Mary made a little face at John, to
signify her disapproval of the visitor, whose coming would compel
her to keep silent all the evening. But though John smiled, he made
no sign of sympathy for, indeed, he was anxious to hear the news
from without; and doubted not that he should learn much, from the
rabbi.
Solomon Ben Manasseh was a man of considerable influence in
Galilee. He was a tall, stern-looking old man, with bushy black
eyebrows, deep-set eyes, and a long beard of black hair, streaked
with gray. He was said to have acquired much of the learning of the
Gentiles, among whom, at Antioch, he had dwelt for some years; but
it was to his powers as a speaker that he owed his influence. It
was the tongue, in those days, that ruled men; and there were few
who could lash a crowd to fury, or still their wrath when excited,
better than Solomon Ben Manasseh.
For some time they talked upon different subjects: on the corn
harvest and vintage, the probable amount of taxation, the marriage
feast which was to take place, in the following week, at the house
of one of the principal citizens of Hippos, and other matters. But
at last Simon broached the subject which was uppermost in all their
thoughts.
"And the news from Tiberias, you say, is bad, rabbi?"
"The news from Tiberias is always bad, friend Simon. In all the
land there is not a city which will compare with it, in the
wrongheadedness of its people and the violence of its seditions;
and little can be hoped, as far as I can see, so long as our good
governor, Josephus, continues to treat the malefactors so
leniently. A score of times they have conspired against his life
and, as often, has he eluded them; for the Lord has been ever with
him. But each time, instead of punishing those who have brought
about these disorders, he lets them go free; trusting always that
they will repent them of their ways, although he sees that his
kindness is thrown away, and that they grow even bolder and more
bitter against him after each failure.
"All Galilee is with him. Whenever he gives the word, every man
takes up his arms and follows him and, did he but give the order,
they would level those proud towns Tiberias and Sepphoris to the
ground, and tear down stone by stone the stronghold of John of
Gischala. But he will suffer them to do nothing--not a hair of
these traitors' heads is to be touched; nor their property, to the
value of a penny, be interfered with.
"I call such lenity culpable. The law ordains punishment for those
who disturb the people. We know what befell those who rebelled
against Moses. Josephus has the valor and the wisdom of King David;
but it were well if he had, like our great king, a Joab by his
side, who would smite down traitors and spare not."
"It is his only fault," Simon said. "What a change has taken place,
since he was sent hither from Jerusalem to take up our government!
All abuses have been repressed, extortion has been put down, taxes
have been lightened. We eat our bread in peace and comfort, and
each man's property is his own. Never was there such a change as he
has wrought and, were it not for John of Gischala, Justus the son
of Piscus, and Jesus the son of Sapphias, all would go quietly and
well; but these men are continually stirring up the people--who, in
their folly, listen to them--and conspiring to murder Josephus, and
seize upon his government."
"Already he has had, more than once, to reduce to submission
Tiberias and Sepphoris; happily without bloodshed for, when the
people of these cities saw that all Galilee was with Josephus, they
opened their gates and submitted themselves to his mercy. Truly, in
Leviticus it is said:
"'Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children
of thy people; but thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself.'
"But Josephus carries this beyond reason. Seeing that his
adversaries by no means observe this law, he should remember that
it is also said that 'He that taketh the sword shall fall by the
sword,' and that the law lays down punishments for the transgressors.
Our judges and kings slew those who troubled the land, and destroyed
them utterly; and Josephus does wrong to depart from their teaching."
"I know not where he could have learned such notions of mercy to
his enemies, and to the enemies of the land," Simon said. "He has
been to Rome, but it is not among the Romans that he will have
found that it is right to forgive those who rise up in rebellion."
"Yes, he was in Rome when he was twenty-six years old," Solomon
said. "He went thither to plead the cause of certain priests who
had been thrown into bonds, by Felix, and sent to Rome. It was a
perilous voyage, for his ship was wrecked in the Adriatic and, of
six hundred men who were on board, only eighty were picked
up--after floating and swimming all night--by a ship of Cyrene. He
was not long in Rome for, being introduced to Poppaea, the wife of
Caesar, he used his interest with her and obtained the release of
those for whose sake he went there.
"No, if he gained these ideas from anyone, he learned them from one
Banus--an Ascetic, of the sect of the Essenes, who lived in the
desert with no other clothing than the bark and leaves of trees,
and no other food save that which grew wild. Josephus lived with
him, in like fashion, for three years and, doubtless, learned all
that was in his heart. Banus was a follower, they say, of that John
whom Herod put to death; and for aught I know, of that Jesus who
was crucified, two years afterwards, at Jerusalem, and in whom many
people believed, and who has many followers, to this day. I have
conversed with some of them and, from what they tell me, this Jesus
taught doctrines similar to those which Josephus practices; and
which he may have learned from Banus, without accepting the
doctrines which the members of this sect hold, as to their founder
being the promised Messiah who was to restore Israel."
"I, too, have talked with many of the sect," Simon said; "and have
argued with them on the folly of their belief, seeing that their
founder by no means saved Israel, but was himself put to death.
From what I could see, there was much that was good in the
doctrines they hold; but they have exaggerated ideas, and are
opposed to all wars, even to fighting for their country. I hear
that, since there has been trouble with Rome, most of them have
departed altogether out of the land, so as to avoid the necessity
of fighting."
"They are poor creatures," Solomon Ben Manasseh said, scornfully;
"but we need not talk of them now, for they affect us in no way,
save that it may be that Josephus has learned somewhat of their
doctrines, from Banus; and that he is thus unduly and, as I think,
most unfortunately for the country, inclined too much to mercy,
instead of punishing the evildoers as they deserve."
"But nevertheless, rabbi, it seems to me that there has been good
policy, as well, in the mercy which Josephus has shown his foes.
You know that John has many friends in Jerusalem; and that, if he
could accuse Josephus of slaughtering any, he would be able to make
so strong a party, there, that he could obtain the recall of
Josephus."
"We would not let him go," Solomon said, hotly. "Since the Romans
have gone, we submit to the supremacy of the council at Jerusalem,
but it is only on sufferance. For long ages we have had nothing to
do with Judah; and we are not disposed to put our necks under their
yoke, now. We submit to unity because, in the Romans, we have a
common foe; but we are not going to be tyrannized. Josephus has
shown himself a wise ruler. We are happier, under him, than we have
been for generations under the men who call themselves kings, but
who are nothing but Roman satraps; and we are not going to suffer
him to be taken from us. Only let the people of Jerusalem try that,
and they will have to deal with all the men of Galilee."
"I am past the age at which men are bound to take up the sword, and
John has not yet attained it but, if there were need, we would both
go out and fight. What could they do, for the population of Galilee
is greater than that of Judah? And while we would fight, every man,
to the death; the Jews would, few of them, care to hazard their
lives only to take from us the man we desire to rule over us.
Still, Josephus does wisely, perhaps, to give no occasion for
accusation by his enemies.
"There is no talk, is there, rabbi, of any movement on the part of
the Romans to come against us, in force?"
"None, so far as I have heard," the rabbi replied. "King Agrippa
remains in his country, to the east; but he has no Roman force with
him sufficient to attempt any great enterprise and, so long as they
leave us alone, we are content."
"They will come, sooner or later," Simon said, shaking his head.
"They are busy elsewhere. When they have settled with their other
enemies, they will come here to avenge the defeat of Cestius, to
restore Florus, and to reconquer the land. Where Rome has once laid
her paw, she never lets slip her prey."
"Well, we can fight," Solomon Ben Manasseh said, sternly. "Our
forefathers won the land with the sword, and we can hold it by the
sword."
"Yes," Martha said quietly, joining in the conversation for the
first time, "if God fights for us, as He fought for our
forefathers."
"Why should He not?" the rabbi asked sternly. "We are still his
people. We are faithful to his law."
"But God has, many times in the past, suffered us to fall into the
hands of our enemies as a punishment for our sins," Martha said,
quietly. "The tribes were carried away into captivity, and are
scattered we know not where. The temple was destroyed, and the
people of Judah dwelt long as captives in Babylon. He suffered us
to fall under the yoke of the Romans.
"In his right time, He will fight for us again; but can we say that
that time has come, rabbi, and that He will smite the Romans, as He
smote the host of Sennacherib?"
"That no man can say," the rabbi answered, gloomily. "Time only
will show but, whether or no, the people will fight valiantly."
"I doubt not that they will fight," Simon said; "but many other
nations, to whom we are but as a handful, have fought bravely, but
have succumbed to the might of Rome. It is said that Josephus, and
many of the wisest in Jerusalem, were heartily opposed to the
tumults against the Romans, and that they only went with the people
because they were in fear of their lives; and even at Tiberias many
men of worth and gravity, such as Julius Capellus, Herod the son of
Miarus, Herod the son of Gamalus, Compsus, and others, are all
strongly opposed to hostility against the Romans.
"And it is the same, elsewhere. Those who know best what is the
might and power of Rome would fain remain friendly with her. It is
the ignorant and violent classes have led us into this strait; from
which, as I fear, naught but ruin can arise."
"I thought better things of you, Simon," the rabbi said, angrily.
"But you yourself have told me," Simon urged, "that you thought it
a mad undertaking to provoke the vengeance of Rome."
"I thought so, at first," Solomon admitted, "but now our hand is
placed on the plow, we must not draw back; and I believe that the
God of our fathers will show his might before the heathen."
"I trust that it may be so," Simon said, gravely. "In His hand is
all power. Whether He will see fit to put it forth, now, in our
behalf remains to be seen. However, for the present we need not
concern ourselves greatly with the Romans. It may be long before
they bring an army against us; while these seditions, here, are at
our very door, and ever threaten to involve us in civil war."
"We need fear no civil war," the rabbi said. "The people of all
Galilee, save the violent and ill disposed in a few of the towns,
are all for Josephus. If it comes to force, John and his party know
that they will be swept away, like a straw before the wind. The
fear is that they may succeed in murdering Josephus; either by the
knife of an assassin, or in one of these tumults. They would rather
the latter, because they would then say that the people had torn
him to pieces, in their fury at his misdoings.
"However, we watch over him, as much as we can; and his friends
have warned him that he must be careful, not only for his own sake,
but for that of all the people; and he has promised that, as far as
he can, he will be on his guard against these traitors."
"The governor should have a strong bodyguard," John exclaimed,
impetuously, "as the Roman governors had. In another year, I shall
be of age to have my name inscribed in the list of fighting men;
and I would gladly be one of his guard."
"You are neither old enough to fight, nor to express an opinion
unasked," Simon said, "in the presence of your elders."
"Do not check the boy," the rabbi said. "He has fire and spirit;
and the days are coming when we shall not ask how old, or how
young, are those who would fight, so that they can but hold arms.
"Josephus is wise not to have a military guard, John, because the
people love not such appearance of state. His enemies would use
this as an argument that he was setting himself up above them. It
is partly because he behaves himself discreetly, and goes about
among them like a private person, of no more account than
themselves, that they love him. None can say he is a tyrant,
because he has no means of tyrannizing. His enemies cannot urge it
against him at Jerusalem--as they would doubtless do, if they
could--that he is seeking to lead Galilee away from the rule of
Jerusalem, and to set himself up as its master for, to do this, he
would require to gather an army; and Josephus has not a single
armed man at his service, save and except that when he appears to
be in danger many, out of love of him, assemble and provide him
escort.
"No, Josephus is wise in that he affects neither pomp nor state;
that he keeps no armed men around him, but trusts to the love of
the people. He would be wiser, however, did he seize one of the
occasions when the people have taken up arms for him to destroy all
those who make sedition; and to free the country, once and for all,
from the trouble.
"Sedition should be always nipped in the bud. Lenity, in such a
case, is the most cruel course; for it encourages men to think that
those in authority fear them, and that they can conspire without
danger; and whereas, at first, the blood of ten men will put an end
to sedition, it needs, at last, the blood of as many thousands to
restore peace and order. It is good for a man to be merciful, but
not for a ruler, for the good of the whole people is placed in his
hands. The sword of justice is given to him, and he is most
merciful who uses it the most promptly against those who work
sedition. The wise ruler will listen to the prayers of his people,
and will grant their petitions, when they show that their case is
hard; but he will grant nothing to him who asketh with his sword in
his hand, for he knows full well that when he yields, once, he must
yield always; until the time comes, as come it surely will, when he
must resist with the sword. Then the land will be filled with blood
whereas, in the beginning, he could have avoided all trouble, by
refusing so much as to listen to those who spoke with threats.
"Josephus is a good man, and the Lord has given him great gifts. He
has done great things for the land; but you will see that many woes
will come, and much blood will be shed, from this lenity of his
towards those who stir up tumults among the people."
A few minutes later the family retired to bed; the hour being a
late one for Simon's household, which generally retired to rest a
short time after the evening meal.
The next day the work of gathering in the figs was carried on,
earnestly and steadily, with the aid of the workers whom Simon had
hired in the town and, in two days, the trees were all stripped,
and strings of figs hung to dry from the boughs of all the trees
round the house.
Then the gathering of the grapes began. All the inhabitants of the
little fishing village lent their aid--men as well as women and
children--for the vintage was looked upon as a holiday; and Simon
was regarded as a good friend by his neighbors, being ever ready to
aid them when there was need, judging any disputes which arose
between them, and lending them money without interest if misfortune
came upon their boats or nets, or if illness befell them; while the
women, in times of sickness or trouble, went naturally to Martha
with their griefs, and were assured of sympathy, good advice, and
any drugs or dainty food suited to the case.
The women and girls picked the grapes, and laid them in baskets.
These were carried by men, and emptied into the vat; where other
men trod them down, and pressed out the juice. Martha and her maids
saw to the cooking and laying out, on the great tables in the
courtyard, of the meals; to which all sat down, together. Simon
superintended the crushing of the grapes; and John worked now at
one task, and now at another. It was a pretty scene, and rendered
more gay by the songs of the women and girls, as they worked; and
the burst of merry laughter which, at times, arose.
It lasted four days, by which time the last bunch, save those on a
few vines preserved for eating, was picked and crushed; and the
vats in the cellar, sunk underground for coolness, were full to the
brim. Simon was much pleased with the result; and declared that
never, in his memory, had the vine and fig harvest turned out more
abundant. The corn had long before been gathered, and there
remained now only the olives; but it would be some little time yet
before these were fit to be gathered, and their oil extracted, for
they were allowed to hang on the trees until ready to drop.
The last basket of grapes was brought in with much ceremony; the
gatherers forming a little procession, and singing a thanksgiving
hymn as they walked. The evening meal was more bounteous, even,
than usual; and all who helped carried away with them substantial
proofs of Simon's thankfulness, and satisfaction.
For the next few days Simon and his men, and Martha's maids, lent
their assistance in getting in the vintage of their neighbors; for
each family had its patch of ground, and grew sufficient grapes and
fruits for its own needs. Those in the village brought their grapes
to a vat, which they had in common; the measures of the grapes
being counted as they were put in, and the wine afterwards divided,
in like proportion--for wine, to be good, must be made in
considerable quantities.
And now there was, for a time, little to do on the farm. Simon
superintended the men who were plowing up the corn stubbles, ready
for the sowing in the spring; sometimes putting his hand to the
plow, and driving the oxen. Isaac and his son worked in the
vineyard and garden, near the house; aided to some extent by John
who, however, was not yet called upon to take a man's share in the
work of the farm--he having but lately finished his learning, with
the rabbi, at the school in Hippos. Still, he worked steadily every
morning and, in the afternoon, generally went out on the lake with
the fishermen, with whom he was a great favorite.
This was not to last long for, at seventeen, he was to join his
father, regularly, in the management of the farm and, indeed, the
Rabbi Solomon, who was a frequent guest, was of opinion that Simon
gave the boy too much license; and that he ought, already, to be
doing man's work.
But Simon, when urged by him, said:
"I know that, at his age, I was working hard, rabbi; but the lad
has studied diligently, and I have a good report of him; and I
think it well that, at his age, the bow should be unbent somewhat.
"Besides, who knows what is before us! I will let the lad have as
much pleasure from his life as he can. The storm is approaching;
let him play, while the sun shines."