PART VI.

LADIES DISTINGUISHED FOR OTHER SERVICES IN THE NATIONAL CAUSE.

[Illustration: ANNIE ETHERIDGE.

H.L. Stephens, Del. John Sartain, Sc.]

MRS. ANNIE ETHERIDGE

No woman attached to a regiment, as _vivandiere_, _cantiniere_, or

_fille du regiment_ (we use the French terms because we have no English

ones which fully correspond to them), during the recent war, has won so

high and pure a renown as Annie Etheridge. Placed in circumstances of

peculiar moral peril, her goodness and purity of character were so

strongly marked that she was respected and beloved not only by all her

own regiment, but by the brigade division and corps to which that

regiment belonged, and so fully convinced were the officers from the

corps commander down, of her usefulness and faithfulness in the care of

the wounded, that at a time when a peremptory order was issued from the

headquarters of the army that all women, whatever their position or

services should leave the camp, all the principal field officers of the

corps to which her regiment was attached united in a petition to the

general-in-chief, that an exception might be made in her favor.

The greater part of Annie Etheridge's childhood was passed in Wisconsin.

Her father was a man of considerable property, and her girlhood was

passed in ease and luxury; but as she drew near the age of womanhood, he

met with misfortunes by which he lost nearly all he had possessed, and

returned to her former home in Michigan. Annie remained in Wisconsin,

where she had married, but was on a visit to her father in Detroit at

the outbreak of the war, and joined the Second Michigan Regiment when

they departed for the seat of war, to fulfil the office of a daughter

of the regiment, in attending to its sick and wounded. When that

regiment was sent to Tennessee she went to the Third Regiment in which

she had many friends, and was with them in every battle in which they

were engaged. When their three years' service was completed, she with

the re-enlisted veterans joined the Fifth Michigan. Through this whole

period of more than four years' service she conducted herself with such

modesty and propriety, and was at the same time so full of patriotism

and courage, that she was a universal favorite with the soldiers as well

as officers.

She was in the skirmish of Blackburn's Ford, and subsequently in the

first battle of Bull Run, where she manifested the same courage and

presence of mind which characterized her in all her subsequent career in

the army. She never carried a musket, though she had a pair of pistols

in her holsters, but seldom or never used them. She was for a time

during the winter following engaged in hospital service, and when the

Army of the Potomac went to the Peninsula, during the Chickahominy

campaign she was on a hospital transport with Miss Amy M. Bradley, and

rendered excellent service there. She was a very tender and careful

nurse, and seemed to know instinctively what to do for the sick and

wounded. She returned to Alexandria with her regiment, and was with them

at the second battle of Bull Run, on the 29th of August, 1862. Early in

this battle she was on a portion of the battle-field which had been

warmly contested, where there was a rocky ledge, under shelter of which,

some of the wounded had crawled. Annie lingered behind the troops, as

they changed position, assisted several poor helpless fellows to this

cover and dressed their wounds. One of these was William ---- of the

Seventh New York Infantry, a noble-looking boy, to whose parched lips

she had held the cooling draught, and had bound up his wounds, receiving

in return a look of unutterable gratitude from his bright blue eyes, and

his faintly murmured "God's blessing on you," when a shot from the

rebel battery tore him to pieces under her very hands. She discovered at

the same moment that the rebels were near, and almost upon her, and she

was forced to follow in the direction taken by her regiment. On another

portion of that bloody field, Annie was kneeling by the side of a

soldier binding up his wounds, when hearing a gruff voice above her, she

looked up and to her astonishment saw General Kearny checking his horse

beside her. He said, "That is right; I am glad to see you here helping

these poor fellows, and when this is over, I will have you made a

regimental sergeant;" meaning of course that she should receive a

sergeant's pay and rations. But two days later the gallant Kearny was

killed at Chantilly, and Annie never received the appointment, as has

been erroneously asserted.

At Chancellorsville on the 2d of May, 1863, when the Third Corps were in

such extreme peril, in consequence of the panic by which the Eleventh

Corps were broken up, one company of the Third Michigan, and one of the

sharp-shooters were detailed as skirmishers. Annie, although advised to

remain in the rear accompanied them, taking the lead; meeting her

colonel however, he told her to go back, as the enemy was near, and he

was every moment expecting an attack. Very loth to fall back, she turned

and rode along the front of a line of shallow trenches filled with our

men; she called to them, "Boys, do your duty and whip the rebels." The

men partially rose and cheered her, shouting "Hurrah for Annie," "Bully

for you." This revealed their position to the rebels, who immediately

fired a volley in the direction of the cheering; Annie rode to the rear

of the line, then turned to see the result; as she did so, an officer

pushed his horse between her and a large tree by which she was waiting,

thus sheltering himself behind her. She looked round at him with

surprise, when a second volley was fired, and a Minie ball whizzing by

her, entered the officer's body, and he fell a corpse, against her and

then to the ground. At the same moment another ball grazed her hand,

(the only wound she received during the war), pierced her dress, the

skirt of which she was holding, and slightly wounded her horse.

Frightened by the pain, he set off on a run through a dense wood,

winding in and out among the trees so rapidly that Annie feared being

torn from her saddle by the branches, or having her brains dashed out by

violent contact with the trunks. She raised herself upon the saddle, and

crouching on her knees clung to the pommel. The frightened animal as he

emerged from the woods plunged into the midst of the Eleventh Corps,

when his course was soon checked. Many of the men, recognizing Annie,

received her with cheers. As she was now at a distance from her

regiment, she felt a strong impulse to see and speak with General Berry,

the commander of her division, with whom she was well acquainted.

Meeting an aid, she asked where the General was. "He is not here,"

replied the aid. "He is here," replied Annie; "He is my Division

General, and has command on the right to-day. I must see him." The aid

turned his horse and rode up to the General, who was near at hand, and

told him that a woman was coming up who insisted on seeing him. "It is

Annie," said General Berry, "let her come; let her come, I would risk my

life for Annie, any time." As she approached from one side, a prisoner

was brought up on the other, said to be an aid of General Hill's. After

some words with him, and receiving his sword, the General sent him to

the rear; and after giving Annie a cordial greeting and some kind words,

he put the prisoner under her charge, directing him to walk by her

horse. It was her last interview with the brave General. Early the next

morning he was slain, in the desperate fight for the possession of the

plank road past the Chancellor House. In the neighborhood of the

hospital, Annie, working as usual among the wounded, discovered an

artillery man badly injured and very much in need of her assistance. She

bound up his wounds and succeeded in having him brought to the hospital.

The batteries were not usually accompanied by surgeons, and their men

were often very much neglected, when wounded, as the Infantry Surgeons

with their hands full with their own wounded would not, and perhaps

could not, always render them speedy assistance. A year later Annie

received the following letter, which was found on the body of a

Lieutenant Strachan, of her division, who was killed in one of the early

battles of Grant's campaign.

WASHINGTON, D. C., _January_ 14th, 1864.

ANNIE--_Dearest Friend_: I am not long for this world, and I wish

to thank you for your kindness ere I go.

You were the only one who was ever kind to me, since I entered the

Army. At Chancellorsville, I was shot through the body, the ball

entering my side, and coming out through the shoulder. I was also

hit in the arm, and was carried to the hospital in the woods, where

I lay for hours, and not a surgeon would touch me; when you came

along and gave me water, and bound up my wounds. I do not know what

regiment you belong to, and I don't know if this will ever reach

you. There is only one man in your division that I know. I will try

and send this to him; his name is Strachan, orderly sergeant in

Sixty-third Pennsylvania volunteers.

But should you get this, please accept my heartfelt gratitude; and

may God bless you, and protect you from all dangers; may you be

eminently successful in your present pursuit. I enclose a flower, a

present from a _sainted mother_; it is the only gift I have to send

you. Had I a picture, I would send you one; but I never had but

two, one my sister has; the other, the sergeant I told you of; he

would give it you, if you should tell him it is my desire. I know

nothing of your history, but I hope you always have, and always may

be happy; and, since I will be unable to see you in this world, I

hope I may meet you in that better world, where there is no war.

May God bless you, both now and forever, is the wish of your

grateful friend,

GEORGE H. HILL,

CLEVELAND, OHIO.

During the battle of Spottsylvania, Annie met a number of soldiers

retreating. She expostulated with them, and at last shamed them into

doing their duty, by offering to lead them back into the fight, which

she did under a heavy fire from the enemy. She had done the same thing

more than once on other battle-fields, not by flourishing a sword or

rifle, for she carried neither: nor by waving a flag, for she was never

color-bearer; but by inspiring the men to deeds of valor by her own

example, her courage, and her presence of mind. On the 1st or 2nd of

June, when the Second Corps attacked the enemy at Deep Bottom, Annie

became separated from her regiment, and with her usual attendant, the

surgeon's orderly, who carried the "pill box" (the medicine chest), she

started in search of it, and before long, without being aware of the

fact, she had passed beyond the line of Union pickets. Here she met an

officer, apparently reconnoitering, who told her she must turn back, as

the enemy was near; and hardly were the words spoken, when their

skirmishers suddenly appeared. The officer struck his spurs into his

horse and fled, Annie and the orderly following with all speed, and

arrived safe within our lines. As the Rebels hoped to surprise our

troops, they did not fire lest they should give the alarm; and to this

fact Annie probably owed her escape unscathed.

On the 27th of October, 1864, in one of the battles for the possession

of Hatcher's Run and the Boydtown Plank Road, a portion of the Third

Division of the Second Corps, was nearly surrounded by the enemy, in

what the soldiers called the "Bull Ring." The regiment to which Annie

was attached was sorely pressed, the balls flying thick and fast, so

that the surgeon advised her to accompany him to safer quarters; but she

lingered, watching for an opportunity to render assistance. A little

drummer boy stopped to speak to her, when a ball struck him, and he fell

against her, and then to the ground, dead. This so startled her, that

she ran towards the line of battle. But to her surprise, she found that

the enemy occupied every part of the ground held a few moments before by

Union troops. She did not pause, however, but dashed through their line

unhurt, though several of the chivalry fired at her.

So strong was the confidence of the soldiers in her courage and fidelity

to her voluntarily assumed duties, that whenever a battle was to be

fought it was regarded as absolutely certain that "Gentle Annie" (so the

soldiers named her) would be at hand to render assistance to any in

need. General Birney never performed an act more heartily approved by

his entire command, than when in the presence of his troops, he

presented her with the Kearny cross.

At the close of the war, though her health had been somewhat shaken by

her varied and trying experiences, she felt the necessity of engaging in

some employment, by which she could maintain herself, and aid her aged

father, and accepted an appointment in one of the Government

departments, where she labors assiduously for twelve hours daily. Her

army experiences have not robbed her of that charming modesty and

diffidence of demeanor, which are so attractive in a woman, or made her

boastful of her adventures. To these she seldom alludes, and never in

such a way as to indicate that she thinks herself in the least a

heroine.

DELPHINE P. BAKER

Though her attentions and efforts have had a specific direction widely

different, for the most part, from those of the majority of the American

women, who have devoted themselves to the cause of the country and its

defenders, few have been more actively and energetically employed, or

perhaps more usefully, than the subject of the following sketch. To her

efforts, persistent, untiring, self-sacrificing, almost entirely does

the Nation owe the organization of the National Military Asylum--a home

for the maimed and permanently disabled veterans who gave themselves to

the cause which has so signally triumphed.

Delphine P. Baker was born in Bethlehem, Grafton County, New Hampshire,

in the year 1828, and she resided in New England during her early youth.

Her father was a respectable mechanic of good family, an honest,

intellectual, industrious man, of sterling principle and a good member

of society. Her mother possessed a large self-acquired culture, a mind

of uncommon scope, and a vivid and powerful imagination. She was in a

large degree capable of influencing the minds of others, and was endowed

with a natural power of leadership.

These qualities and traits of both parents we find remarkably developed

in the daughter, and to them is doubtless largely due the successful

achievement of the great object of her later labors. A feeling, from

some cause always cherished by her mother, until it became an actual

belief, that her child was destined to an extraordinary career, was so

impressed upon her daughter's mind, and inwrought with her higher being

as to become a controlling impulse. It is easy, in tracing the history

of Miss Baker, to mark the influence of this fixed idea in every act of

her life.

For some years previous to the breaking out of the war, Miss Baker had

devoted herself to the inculcation of proper ideas of the sphere and

culture of woman. She belonged to no party, or clique, had no connection

with the Women's Rights Movement, but desired to see her sex better

educated, and in the enjoyment of the fullest mental development. To

that end she had travelled in many of the Western States, giving

lectures upon her favorite subject, and largely influencing the public

mind. In this employment her acquaintance had become very extensive.

At the time of the first breaking out of hostilities, Miss Baker was

residing in Chicago, Illinois, enjoying a respite from public labors,

and devoting herself to her family. But she soon saw that there was much

need of the efforts of woman--a great deal to be done by her in

preparing for the sudden emergency into which the nation had been

plunged. Government had not at hand all the appliances for sending its

newly raised forces into the field properly equipped, and women, who

could not wield the bayonet, were skillful in the use of another

implement as sharp and bright, and which just at that period could be as

usefully brought into action.

The devoted labors of the women of Chicago for the soldiers, have long

since become a part of the history of the war. In these Miss Baker had

her own, and a large share. She collected materials for garments,

exerted her influence among her extensive circle of acquaintances in

gathering up supplies, and providing for the yet small, but rapidly

increasing, demand for hospital comforts. She took several journeys to

St. Louis and Chicago, ministered in the hospitals, and induced others

to enter upon the same work. Perceiving, with a quick eye, what was most

needed in the hastily-arranged and half-furnished places to which the

sick and wounded were consigned, she journeyed backward and forward,

gathering up from the rich and well-disposed the needed articles, and

then conveying them herself to those points where they were most wanted.

Not in strong health, a few months of such indefatigable labors

exhausted her strength. She returned to Chicago, but her ardent spirit

chafed in inaction. After a time she resolved to commence a literary

enterprise in aid of the object she had so much at heart, and in the

spring of 1862 she announced the forthcoming publication of the

"National Banner," a monthly paper of sixteen pages, the profits of

which were to be devoted to the needs of the volunteer soldiery of the

United States.

After publishing in Chicago a few numbers of this very readable paper,

she removed it to Washington, D. C., where its publication was for some

time continued. It was then transferred to New York.

The National Banner did not meet with all the success, its patriotic

object and its real literary excellence, demanded. During the last year

of the war it was not published with complete regularity, owing to this

cause, and to the lack of pecuniary means. But it was undoubtedly the

means of doing a great deal of good. Among other things it kept

constantly before the people the great object into which Miss Baker had

now entered with all the ardor and the persistence of her nature.

This object was the founding of a National Home for totally disabled

volunteers of the Union service, and included all who had in their

devotion to the cause of the nation become incompetent to provide for

their own wants or those of their families.

For years, with a devotion seldom equalled, and a self-sacrifice almost

unparalleled, Miss Baker gave herself to this work. She wrote, she

travelled, she enlisted the aid of her numerous friends, she importuned

the Executive, Heads of Departments, and members of Congress. She gave

herself no rest, she flinched at no privations. She apparently existed

by the sheer necessity of living for her object, and in almost total

self-abnegation she encountered opposition, paralyzing delays, false

promises, made only to be broken, and hypocritical advice, intended only

to mislead.

Hopeful, unsubdued, unchanged, she at last saw herself nearing success.

The session of 1865 was drawing to a close, and repeated promises of

reporting the bill for the establishment of the Asylum had been broken.

But at length her almost agonized pleadings had their effect. Three days

before the adjournment of Congress Hon. Henry Wilson, chairman of the

Committee on Military Affairs, in the Senate introduced the bill. It

provided for the establishment of a National Military and Naval Asylum

for the totally disabled of both branches of the service.

In the confusion and hurry of the closing scenes of the session the bill

did not probably meet the attention it would have done under other

circumstances. But it was well received, passed by a large vote of both

houses, was sanctioned by the signature of President Lincoln, and became

a law before the adjournment of Congress.

The bill appointed one hundred corporators who were to organize and

assume the powers granted them under its provisions, for the immediate

foundation of the proper establishment or establishments, for the

reception of the contemplated recipients of its benefits. The fund

accrued from military fines and unclaimed pay of members of the service,

was to be handed over to the use of the Asylum as soon as a

corresponding sum was raised by public gift.

Unfortunately for the success of the organization, the meeting of the

corporators for that purpose was appointed for the day afterward so

mournfully conspicuous as that of the funeral obsequies of our

assassinated President. Amidst the sad and angry excitement of the

closing scenes of that terrible tragedy, it was found impossible to

convene a sufficient number of the corporators (although present in the

city) to form a quorum for the transaction of business. The opportunity

thus lost did not recur, and though an effort was made to substitute

proxies for actual members of the body, it was unsuccessful, and an

organization was not effected.

Thus a year dragged its slow length along. Miss Baker was busy enlarging

her sphere of influence--encountering and overcoming opposition and

obstacles, endeavoring to secure co-operation, and in securing also

personal possession of the property at Point Lookout, Maryland, which

she believed to be a desirable site for the Asylum. Her object in this

was that she might hold this property until the organization was

effected, and it might be legally transferred to the corporators.

Point Lookout was a watering-place previous to the war. The hospital

property there consists of three hundred acres of land, occupying the

point which divides the mouth of the Potomac River from Chesapeake Bay,

at the confluence of the former with the Bay. One or more large hotels,

numerous cottages and other buildings remained from the days of peace.

The Government also established there, during the war, Hammond General

Hospital with its extensive buildings, and a stockade and encampment for

prisoners. The air is salubrious, the land fertile, a supply of

excellent water brought from neighboring heights, and an extensive

oyster-bed and a fine beach for bathing, add to its attractions.

Believing the place well calculated to meet the wants of the Asylum,

Miss Baker desired to secure the private property together with a grant

from the Government of that portion which belongs to it. She succeeded

in securing the latter, and in delaying the contemplated sale of the

former.

A change being imperatively demanded in the Act of Incorporation,

efforts were immediately commenced at the next session of Congress to

effect this purpose. Again the painful, anxious delays, again the

wearisome opposition were encountered. But Miss Baker and the movement

had friends--and in the highest quarters. Her efforts were countenanced

and aided by these, but it was not till the session of 1866 approached

its close that the amended bill was reached, and the votes of both

Houses at last placed the whole matter on a proper footing, and in

competent hands.

With Major-General Butler at the head of the Managing Board of Trustees,

the successful commencement of the Institution is a foregone conclusion.

The Board is composed of some of the best men of the Nation--men, some

of them unequalled in their various spheres. The United States will soon

boast for its disabled defenders Institutions (for the present

management contemplate the establishment of Homes at several points),

fully equal to those which the great Powers of Europe have erected for

similar purposes. In the autumn and winter of 1866-7 Miss Baker

succeeded in consummating the purchase, and tender to the Trustees of

the Asylum of the Point Lookout property.

The labors of Miss Baker for this purpose are now ended. She retires,

not to rest or idleness, but still to lend her efforts to this or any

other great and worthy cause. She has no official connection with the

organization which controls the destiny of the Asylum. But it will not

cease to be remembered in this country that to her efforts the United

States owes in great part all that, as a nation, it has done for the men

who have thus given all but life itself to its cause.

MRS. S. BURGER STEARNS.

This lady is a native of New York city, where she resided for the first

seven years of her life. In 1844 her parents removed to Michigan, where

she has lived ever since, receiving her education at the best schools,

and spending much time in preparation for a classical course at the

State University. She was, however, with other young ladies, denied

admission there, on the ground of expediency; and finally entered the

State Normal School where she graduated with high honors.

She soon after became Mrs. Stearns, her husband being a graduate of the

Literary and Law Departments of the Michigan University. But choosing to

devote himself to the service of his country, he entered the army as

First Lieutenant, afterwards rising to the rank of Colonel.

Mrs. Stearns determined to devote herself to the work of lecturing in

behalf of the Aid movement, and did extensive, and much appreciated

services in this direction. From time to time she visited the hospitals,

and learned the details of the work, as well as the necessities required

there; in that way rendering herself peculiarly competent for her chosen

field of labor. She continued in this service until the close of the

war, accomplishing much good, and laboring with much acceptance.

BARBARA FRIETCHIE.

Barbara Frietchie was an aged lady of Frederick, Maryland, of German

birth, but intensely patriotic. In September, 1862, when Lee's army were

on their way to Antietam, "Stonewall" Jackson's corps passed through

Frederick, and the inhabitants, though a majority of them were loyal,

resolved not to provoke the rebels unnecessarily, knowing that they

could make no effectual resistance to such a large force, and

accordingly took down their flags; but Dame Barbara though nearly eighty

years of age could not brook that the flag of the Union should be

humbled before the rebel ensign, and from her upper window waved her

flag, the only one visible that day in Frederick. Whittier has told the

whole story so admirably that we cannot do better than to transfer his

exquisite poem to our pages. Dame Barbara died in 1865.

BARBARA FRIETCHIE.

Up from the meadows rich with corn,

Clear in the cool September morn,

The clustered spires of Frederick stand,

Green-walled by the hills of Maryland.

Round about them orchards sweep,

Apple and peach trees fruited deep,

Fair as a garden of the Lord

To the eyes of the famished rebel horde,

On that pleasant morn of the early fall

When Lee marched over the mountain-wall--

Over the mountains winding down,

Horse and foot, into Frederick town.

Forty flags with their silver stars,

Forty flags with their crimson bars,

Flapped in the morning wind: the sun

Of noon looked down, and saw not one.

Up rose old Barbara Frietchie then,

Bowed with her fourscore years and ten;

Bravest of all in Frederick town,

She took up the flag the men hauled down;

In her attic-window the staff she set,

To show that one heart was loyal yet,

Up the street came the rebel tread,

Stonewall Jackson riding ahead.

Under his slouched hat left and right

He glanced; the old flag met his sight.

"Halt!"--the dust-brown ranks stood fast,

"Fire!"--out blazed the rifle-blast.

It shivered the window, pane and sash:

It rent the banner with seam and gash.

Quick, as it fell, from the broken staff

Dame Barbara snatched the silken scarf;

She leaned far out on the window-sill,

And shook it forth with a royal will.

"Shoot, if you must, this old gray head,

But spare your country's flag," she said.

A shade of sadness, a blush of shame,

Over the face of the leader came;

The nobler nature within him stirred

To life at that woman's deed and word:

"Who touches a hair of yon gray head

Dies like a dog! March on!" he said.

All day long through Frederick street

Sounded the tread of marching feet:

All day long that free flag tost

Over the heads of the rebel host.

Ever its torn folds rose and fell

On the loyal winds that loved it well;

And through the hill-gaps sunset light

Shone over it with a warm good-night.

Barbara Frietchie's work is o'er,

And the Rebel rides on his raids no more.

Honor to her! and let a tear

Fall, for her sake, on Stonewall's bier.

Over Barbara Frietchie's grave,

Flag of Freedom and Union, wave!

Peace and order and beauty draw

Round thy symbol of light and law;

And ever the stars above look down

On thy stars below in Frederick town!

MRS. HETTY M. McEWEN.

Mrs. McEwen is an aged woman of Nashville, Tennessee, of revolutionary

stock, having had six uncles in the revolutionary war, four of whom fell

at the battle of King's Mountain. Her husband, Colonel Robert H. McEwen,

was a soldier in the war of 1812, as his father had been in the

revolution. Her devotion to the Union, like that of most of those who

had the blood of our revolutionary fathers in their veins is intense,

and its preservation and defense were the objects of her greatest

concern. Making a flag with her own hands, she raised it in the first

movements of secession, in Nashville, and when through the treachery of

Isham Harris and his co-conspirators, Tennessee was dragged out of the

Union, and the secessionists demanded that the flag should be taken

down, the brave old couple nailed it to the flag-staff, and that to the

chimney of their house. The secessionists threatened to fire the house

if it was not lowered, and the old lady armed with a shot-gun, undertook

to defend it, and drove them away. She subsequently refused to give up

her fire-arms on the requisition of the traitor Harris. Mrs. Lucy H.

Hooper has told the story of the rebel efforts to procure the lowering

of her flag very forcibly and truthfully:

HETTY McEWEN.

Oh Hetty McEwen! Hetty McEwen!

What were the angry rebels doing,

That autumn day, in Nashville town,

They looked aloft with oath and frown,

And saw the Stars and Stripes wave high

Against the blue of the sunny sky;

Deep was the oath, and dark the frown,

And loud the shout of "Tear it down!"

For over Nashville, far and wide,

Rebel banners the breeze defied,

Staining heaven with crimson bars;

Only the one old "Stripes and Stars"

Waved, where autumn leaves were strewing,

Round the home of Hetty McEwen.

Hetty McEwen watched that day

Where her son on his death-bed lay;

She heard the hoarse and angry cry--

The blood of "76" rose high.

Out-flashed her eye, her cheek grew warm,

Up rose her aged stately form;

From her window, with steadfast brow,

She looked upon the crowd below.

Eyes all aflame with angry fire

Flashed on her in defiant ire,

And once more rose the angry call,

"Tear down that flag, or the house shall fall!"

Never a single inch quailed she,

Her answer rang out firm and free:

"Under the roof where that flag flies,

Now my son on his death-bed lies;

Born where that banner floated high,

'Neath its folds he shall surely die.

Not for threats nor yet for suing

Shall it fall," said Hetty McEwen.

The loyal heart and steadfast hand

Claimed respect from the traitor band;

The fiercest rebel quailed that day

Before that woman stern and gray.

They went in silence, one by one--

Left her there with her dying son,

And left the old flag floating free

O'er the bravest heart in Tennessee,

To wave in loyal splendor there

Upon that treason-tainted air,

Until the rebel rule was o'er

And Nashville town was ours once more.

Came the day when Fort Donelson

Fell, and the rebel reign was done;

And into Nashville, Buell, then,

Marched with a hundred thousand men,

With waving flags and rolling drums

Past the heroine's house he comes;

He checked his steed and bared his head,

"Soldiers! salute that flag," he said;

"And cheer, boys, cheer!--give three times three

For the bravest woman in Tennessee!"

OTHER DEFENDERS OF THE FLAG.

Barbara Frietchie and Hettie McEwen were not the only women of our

country who were ready to risk their lives in the defense of the

National Flag. Mrs. Effie Titlow, as we have already stated elsewhere,

displayed the flag wrapped about her, at Middletown, Maryland, when the

Rebels passed through that town in 1863. Early in 1861, while St. Louis

yet trembled in the balance, and it seemed doubtful whether the

Secessionists were not in the majority, Alfred Clapp, Esq., a merchant

of that city, raised the flag on his own house, then the only loyal

house for nearly half a mile, on that street, and nailed it there. His

secession neighbors came to the house and demanded that it should be

taken down. Never! said his heroic wife, afterwards president of the

Union Ladies' Aid Society. The demand was repeated, and one of the

secessionists at last said, "Well, if you will not take it down, I

will," and moved for the stairs leading to the roof. Quick as thought,

Mrs. Clapp intercepted him. "You can only reach that flag over my dead

body," said she. Finding her thus determined, the secessionist left, and

though frequent threats were muttered against the flag, it was not

disturbed.

Mrs. Moore (Parson Brownlow's daughter) was another of these fearless

defenders of the flag. In June, 1861, the Rebels were greatly annoyed at

the sturdy determination of the Parson to keep the Stars and Stripes

floating over his house; and delegation after delegation came to his

dwelling to demand that they should be lowered. They were refused, and

generally went off in a rage. On one of these occasions, nine men from

a Louisiana regiment stationed at Knoxville, determined to see the flag

humbled. Two men were chosen as a committee to proceed to the parson's

house to order the Union ensign down. Mrs. Moore (the parson's daughter)

answered the summons. In answer to her inquiry as to what was their

errand, one said, rudely:

"We have come to take down that d----d rag you flaunt from your

roof--the Stripes and Stars."

Mrs. Moore stepped back a pace or two within the door, drew a revolver

from her dress pocket, and leveling it, answered:

"Come on, sirs, and take it down!"

The chivalrous Confederates were startled.

"Yes, come on!" she said, as she advanced toward them.

They cleared the piazza, and stood at bay on the wall.

"We'll go and get more men, and then d----d if it don't come down!"

"Yes, go and get more men--you are not men!" said the heroic woman,

contemptuously, as the two backed from the place and disappeared.

Miss Alice Taylor, daughter of Mrs. Nellie Maria Taylor, of New Orleans,

a young lady of great beauty and intelligence, possessed much of her

mother's patriotic spirit. The flag was always suspended in one or

another of the rooms of Mrs. Taylor's dwelling, and notwithstanding the

repeated searches made by the Rebels it remained there till the city was

occupied by Union troops. The beauty and talent of the daughter, then a

young lady of seventeen, had made her very popular in the city. In 1860,

she had made a presentation speech when a flag was presented to one of

the New Orleans Fire Companies. In May, 1861, a committee of thirteen

gentlemen called on Mrs. Taylor, and informed her that the ladies of the

district had wrought a flag for the Crescent City (Rebel) regiment to

carry on their march to Washington, and that the services of her

daughter Alice were required to make the presentation speech. Of course

Mrs. Taylor's consent was not given, and the committee insisted that

they _must_ see the young lady, and that she must make the presentation

address. She was accordingly called, and after hearing their request,

replied that she would readily consent on two conditions. First, that

her mother's permission should be obtained; and second, that the Stars

and Stripes should wave around her, and decorate the arch over her head,

as on the former occasion. The committee, finding that they could get no

other terms, withdrew, vexed and mortified at their failure.

Mrs. Booth, the widow of Major Booth, who fell contending against

fearful odds at Fort Pillow, at the time of the bloody massacre, a few

weeks after presented the blood-stained flag of the fort which had been

saved by one of the few survivors, to the remnant of the First Battalion

of Major Booth's regiment, then incorporated with the Sixth United

States Heavy Artillery, with these thrilling words, "Boys, I have just

come from a visit to the hospital at Mound City. There I saw your

comrades, wounded at the bloody struggle in Fort Pillow. There I found

the flag--you recognize it! One of your comrades saved it from the

insulting touch of traitors. I have given to my country all I had to

give--my husband--such a gift! Yet I have freely given him for freedom

and my country. Next to my husband's cold remains, the dearest object

left to me in the world, is that flag--the flag that waved in proud

defiance over the works of Fort Pillow! Soldiers! this flag I give to

you, knowing that you will ever remember the last words of my noble

husband, '_never surrender the flag to traitors_!'"

Colonel Jackson received from her hand--on behalf of his command--the

blood-stained flag, and called upon his regiment to receive it as such a

gift ought to be received. At that call, he and every man of the

regiment fell upon their knees, and solemnly appealing to the God of

battles, each one swore to avenge their brave and fallen comrades, and

never, _never surrender the flag to traitors_.

MILITARY HEROINES.

The number of women who actually bore arms in the war, or who, though

generally attending a regiment as nurses and vivandieres, at times

engaged in the actual conflict was much larger than is generally

supposed, and embraces persons of all ranks of society. Those who from

whatever cause, whether romance, love or patriotism, and all these had

their influence, donned the male attire and concealed their sex, are

hardly entitled to a place in our record, since they did not seek to be

known as women, but preferred to pass for men; but aside from these

there were not a few who, without abandoning the dress or prerogatives

of their sex, yet performed skillfully and well the duties of the other.

Among these we may name Madame Turchin, wife of General Turchin, who

rendered essential service by her coolness, her thorough knowledge of

military science, her undaunted courage, and her skill in command. She

is the daughter of a Russian officer, and had been brought up in the

camps, where she was the pet and favorite of the regiment up to nearly

the time of her marriage to General Turchin, then a subordinate officer

in that army. When the war commenced she and her husband had been for a

few years residents of Illinois, and when her husband was commissioned

colonel of a regiment of volunteers she prepared at once to follow him

to the field. During the march into Tennessee in the spring of 1862,

Colonel Turchin was taken seriously ill, and for some days was carried

in an ambulance on the route. Madame Turchin took command of the

regiment during his illness, and while ministering kindly and tenderly

to her husband, filled his place admirably as commander of the regiment.

Her administration was so judicious that no complaint or mutiny was

manifested, and her commands were obeyed with the utmost promptness. In

the battles that followed, she was constantly under fire, now

encouraging the men, and anon rescuing some wounded man from the place

where he had fallen, administering restoratives and bringing him off to

the field-hospital. When, in consequence of the "Athens affair," Colonel

Turchin was court-martialed and an attempt made by the conservatives to

have him driven from the army, she hastened to Washington, and by her

skill and tact succeeded in having the court-martial set aside and her

husband promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General, and confounded his

accusers by bringing his commission and the order to abandon the trial

into court, just as the officers comprising it were about to find him

guilty. In all the subsequent campaigns at the West, Madame Turchin was

in the field, confining herself usually to ministrations of mercy to the

wounded, but ready if occasion required, to lead the troops into action

and always manifesting the most perfect indifference to the shot and

shell or the whizzing minie balls that fell around her. She seemed

entirely devoid of fear, and though so constantly exposed to the enemy's

fire never received even a scratch.

Another remarkable heroine who, while from the lower walks of life, was

yet faithful and unwearied in her labors for the relief of the soldiers

who were wounded and who not unfrequently took her place in the ranks,

or cheered and encouraged the men when they were faltering and ready to

retreat, was Bridget Divers, better known as "Michigan Bridget," or

among Sheridan's men as "Irish Biddy." A stout robust Irish woman, she

accompanied the First Michigan Cavalry regiment in which her husband was

a private soldier, to the field, and remained with that regiment and the

brigade to which it belonged until the close of the war. She became

well known throughout the brigade for her fearlessness and daring, and

her skill in bringing off the wounded. Occasionally when a soldier whom

she knew fell in action, after rescuing him if he was only wounded, she

would take his place and fight as bravely as the best. In two instances

and perhaps more, she rallied and encouraged retreating troops and

brought them to return to their position, thus aiding in preventing a

defeat. Other instances of her energy and courage are thus related by

Mrs. M. M. Husband, who knew her well.

"In one of Sheridan's grand raids, during the latter days of the

rebellion, she, as usual, rode with the troops night and day wearing out

several horses, until they dropped from exhaustion. In a severe cavalry

engagement, in which her regiment took a prominent part, her colonel was

wounded, and her captain killed. She accompanied the former to the rear,

where she ministered to his needs, and when placed in the cars, bound to

City Point Hospitals, she remained with him, giving all the relief in

her power, on that fatiguing journey, although herself almost exhausted,

having been without sleep _four_ days and nights. After seeing her

colonel safely and comfortably lodged in the hospital, she took one

night's rest, and returned to the front. Finding that her captain's body

had not been recovered, it being hazardous to make the attempt, she

resolved to rescue it, as "it never should be left on rebel soil." So,

with her orderly for sole companion, she rode fifteen miles to the scene

of the late conflict, found the body she sought, strapped it upon her

horse, rode back seven miles to an embalmer's, where she waited whilst

the body was embalmed, then again strapping it on her horse, she rode

several miles further to the cars in which, with her precious burden she

proceeded to City Point, there obtained a rough coffin, and forwarded

the whole to Michigan. Without any delay Biddy returned to her Regiment,

told some officials, that wounded men had been left on the field from

which she had rescued her Captain's body. They did not credit her tale,

so she said, "Furnish me some ambulances and I will bring them in." The

conveyances were given her, she retraced her steps to the deserted

battle-field, and soon had some eight or ten poor sufferers in the

wagons, and on their way to camp. The roads were rough, and their moans

and cries gave evidence of intense agony. While still some miles from

their destination, Bridget saw several rebels approaching, she ordered

the drivers to quicken their pace, and endeavoured to urge her horse

forward, but he baulked and refused to move. The drivers becoming

alarmed, deserted their charge and fled to the woods, while the wounded

men begged that they might not be left to the mercy of the enemy, and to

suffer in Southern prisons. The rebels soon came up, Bridget plead with

them to leave the sufferers unmolested, but they laughed at her, took

the horses from the ambulances, and such articles of value as the men

possessed, and then dashed off the way they came. Poor Biddy was almost

desperate, darkness coming on, and with none to help her, the wounded

men beseeching her not to leave them. Fortunately, an officer of our

army rode up to see what the matter was, and soon sent horses and

assistance to the party."

When the war ended, Bridget accompanied her regiment to Texas, from

whence she returned with them to Michigan, but the attractions of army

life were too strong to be overcome, and she has since joined one of the

regiments of the regular army stationed on the plains in the

neighborhood of the Rocky Mountains.

Mrs. Kady Brownell, the wife of an Orderly Sergeant of the First and

afterwards of the Fifth Rhode Island Infantry, who, like Madame Turchin

was born in the camp, and was the daughter of a Scottish soldier of the

British army, was another of these half-soldier heroines; adopting a

semi-military dress, and practicing daily with the sword and rifle, she

became as skillful a shot and as expert a swordsman as any of the

company of sharp-shooters to which she was attached. Of this company she

was the chosen color-bearer, and asking no indulgence, she marched with

the men, carrying the flag and participating in the battle as bravely

as any of her comrades. In the first battle of Bull Run, she stood by

her colors and maintained her position till all her regiment and several

others had retreated, and came very near falling into the hands of the

enemy. She was in the expedition of General Burnside to Roanoke Island

and Newbern and by her coolness and intrepidity saved the Fifth Rhode

Island from being fired upon by our own troops by mistake. Her husband

was severely wounded in the engagement at Newbern, and she rescued him

from his position of danger and having made him as comfortable as

possible attempted to rescue others of the wounded, both rebel and Union

troops. By some of the rebels, both men and women, she was grossly

insulted, but she persevered in her efforts to help the wounded, though

not without some heart-burnings for their taunts. Her husband recovering

very slowly, and being finally pronounced unfit for service, she

returned to Rhode Island with him after nursing him carefully for

eighteen months or more, and received her discharge from the army.

There were very, probably, many others of this class of heroines who

deserve a place in our record; but there is great difficulty in

ascertaining the particulars of their history, and in some cases they

failed to maintain that unsullied reputation without which courage and

daring are of little worth.

THE WOMEN OF GETTYSBURG.

Those who have read Miss Georgiana Woolsey's charming narrative "Three

Weeks at Gettysburg," in this volume, will have formed a higher estimate

of the women of Gettysburg than of the men. There were some exceptions

among the latter, some brave earnest-hearted men, though the farmers of

the vicinity were in general both cowardly and covetous; but the women

of the village have won for themselves a high and honorable record, for

their faithfulness to the flag, their generosity and their devotion to

the wounded.

Chief among these, since she gave her life for the cause, we must reckon

MRS. JENNIE WADE. Her house was situated in the valley between Oak Ridge

and Seminary Hill, and was directly in range of the guns of both armies.

But Mrs. Wade was intensely patriotic and loyal, and on the morning of

the third day of the battle, that terrible Friday, July 3, she

volunteered to bake bread for the Union troops. The morning passed

without more than an occasional shot, and though in the midst of danger,

she toiled over her bread, and had succeeded in baking a large quantity.

About two o'clock, P. M., began that fearful artillery battle which

seemed to the dwellers in that hitherto peaceful valley to shake both

earth and heaven. Louder and more deafening crashed the thunder from two

hundred and fifty cannon, but as each discharge shook her humble

dwelling, she still toiled on unterrified and only intent on her

patriotic task. The rebels, who were nearest her had repeatedly ordered

her to quit the premises, but she steadily refused. At length a shot

from the rebel batteries struck her in the breast killing her instantly.

A rebel officer of high rank was killed almost at the same moment near

her door, and the rebel troops hastily constructing a rude coffin, were

about to place the body of their commander in it for burial, when, in

the swaying to and fro of the armies, a Union column drove them from the

ground, and finding Mrs. Wade dead, placed her in the coffin intended

for the rebel officer. In that coffin she was buried the next day amidst

the tears of hundreds who knew her courage and kindness of heart.

MISS CARRIE SHEADS, the principal of Oak Ridge Female Seminary, is also

deserving of a place in our record for her courage, humanity and true

womanly tact. The Seminary buildings were within a few hundred yards of

the original battle-field of the first day's fight, and in the course of

the day's conflict, after the death of General Reynolds, the Union

troops were driven by the greatly superior force of the enemy into the

grounds of the Seminary itself, and most of them swept past it. The

Ninety-seventh New York volunteer infantry commanded on that day by

Lieutenant-Colonel, afterwards General Charles Wheelock, were surrounded

by the enemy in the Seminary grounds, and after repeated attempts to

break through the ranks of the enemy, were finally compelled to

surrender. Miss Sheads who had given her pupils a holiday on the

previous day, and had suddenly found herself transformed into the lady

superintendent of a hospital, for the wounded were brought to the

Seminary, at once received Colonel Wheelock and furnished him with the

signal for surrender. The rebel commander demanded his sword, but the

colonel refused to give it up, as it was a gift of friends. An

altercation ensued and the rebel officer threatened to kill Colonel

Wheelock. Mr. Sheads, Miss Carrie's father, interposed and endeavored to

prevent the collision, but was soon pushed out of the way, and the rebel

officer again presented his pistol to shoot his prisoner. Miss Sheads

now rushed between them and remonstrated with the rebel on his

inhumanity, while she urged the colonel to give up his sword. He still

refused, and at this moment the entrance of other prisoners attracted

the attention of the rebel officer for a few moments, when Miss Sheads

unbuckled his sword and concealed it in the folds of her dress unnoticed

by the rebel officer. Colonel Wheelock, when the attention of his foe

was again turned to him, said that one of his men who had passed out had

his sword, and the rebel officer ordered him with the other prisoners to

march to the rear. Five days after the battle the colonel, who had made

his escape from the rebels, returned to the Seminary, when Miss Sheads

returned his sword, with which he did gallant service subsequently.

The Seminary buildings were crowded with wounded, mostly rebels, who

remained there for many weeks and were kindly cared for by Miss Sheads

and her pupils. The rebel chief undertook to use the building and its

observatory as a signal station for his army, contrary to Miss Sheads'

remonstrances, and drew the fire of the Union army upon it by so doing.

The buildings were hit many times and perforated by two shells. But amid

the danger, Miss Sheads was as calm and self-possessed as in her

ordinary duties, and soothed some of her pupils who were terrified by

the hurtling shells. From the grounds of the Seminary she and several of

her pupils witnessed the terrible conflict of Friday. The severe

exertion necessary for the care of so large a number of wounded, for so

long a period, resulted in the permanent injury of Miss Sheads' health,

and she has been since that time an invalid. Two of her brothers were

slain in the war, and two others disabled for life. Few families have

made greater sacrifices in the national cause.

Another young lady of Gettysburg, Miss Amelia Harmon, a pupil of Miss

Sheads, displayed a rare heroism under circumstances of trial. The house

where she resided with her aunt was the best dwelling-house in the

vicinity of Gettysburg, and about a mile west of the village, on Oak or

Seminary Ridge. During the fighting on Wednesday (the first day of the

battle) it was for a time forcibly occupied by the Union sharp-shooters

who fired upon the rebels from it. Towards evening the Union troops

having retreated to Cemetery Hill, the house came into possession of the

rebels, who bade the family leave it as they were about to burn it, in

consequence of its having been used as a fort. Miss Harmon and her aunt

both protested against this, explaining that the occupation was forcible

and not with their consent. The young lady added that her mother, not

now living, was a Southern woman, and that she should blush for her

parentage if Southern men would thus fire the house of defenseless

females, and deprive them of a home in the midst of battle. One of the

rebels, upon this, approached her and proposed in a confidential way,

that if she would prove that she was not a renegade Southerner by

hurrahing for the Southern Confederacy, he would see what could be done.

"Never!" was the indignant reply of the truly loyal girl, "burn the

house if you will! I will never do that, while the Union which has

protected me and my friends, exists." The rebels at once fired the

house, and the brave girl and her aunt made their way to the home of

friends, running the gauntlet of the fire of both armies, and both were

subsequently unwearied in their labors for the wounded.

LOYAL WOMEN OF THE SOUTH.

We have already had occasion to mention some of those whose labors had

been conspicuous, and especially Mrs. Sarah R. Johnson, Mrs. Nellie M.

Taylor, Mrs. Grier, Mrs. Clapp, Miss Breckinridge, Mrs. Phelps, Mrs.

Shepard Wells, and others. There was however, beside these, a large

class, even in the chief cities of the rebellion, who not only never

bowed their knee to the idol of secession, but who for their fidelity to

principle, their patient endurance of proscription and their humanity

and helpfulness to Union men, and especially Union prisoners, are

deserving of all honor.

The loyal women of Richmond were a noble band. Amid obloquy, persecution

and in some cases imprisonment (one of them was imprisoned for nine

months for aiding Union prisoners) they never faltered in their

allegiance to the old flag, nor in their sympathy and services to the

Union prisoners at Libby and Belle Isle, and Castle Thunder. With the

aid of twenty-one loyal white men in Richmond they raised a fund of

thirteen thousand dollars in gold, to aid Union prisoners, while their

gifts of clothing, food and luxuries, were of much greater value. Some

of these ladies were treated with great cruelty by the rebels, and

finally driven from the city, but no one of them ever proved false to

loyalty. In Charleston, too, hot-bed of the rebellion as it was, there

was a Union league, of which the larger proportion were women, some of

them wives or daughters of prominent rebels, who dared everything, even

their life, their liberty and their social position, to render aid and

comfort to the Union soldiers, and to facilitate the return of a

government of liberty and law. Had we space we might fill many pages

with the heroic deeds of these noble women. Through their assistance,

scores of Union men were enabled to make their escape from the prisons,

some of them under fire, in which they were confined, and often after

almost incredible sufferings, to find their way to the Union lines.

Others suffering from the frightful jail fever or wasted by privation

and wearisome marches with little or no food, received from them food

and clothing, and were thus enabled to maintain existence till the time

for their liberation came. The negro women were far more generally loyal

than their mistresses, and their ready wit enabled them to render

essential service to the loyal whites, service for which, when detected,

they often suffered cruel tortures, whipping and sometimes death.

In New Orleans, before the occupation of the city by the Union troops

under General Butler, no woman could declare herself a Unionist without

great personal peril; but as we have seen there were those who risked

all for their attachment to the Union even then. Mrs. Taylor was by no

means the only outspoken Union woman of the city, though she may have

been the most fearless. Mrs. Minnie Don Carlos, the wife of a Spanish

gentleman of the city, was from the beginning of the war a decided Union

woman, and after its occupation by Union troops was a constant and

faithful visitor at the hospitals and rendered great service to Union

soldiers. Mrs. Flanders, wife of Hon. Benjamin Flanders, and her two

daughters, Miss Florence and Miss Fanny Flanders were also well known

for their persistent Unionism and their abundant labors for the sick and

wounded. Mrs. and Miss Carrie Wolfley, Mrs. Dr. Kirchner, Mrs. Mills,

Mrs. Bryden, Mrs. Barnett and Miss Bennett, Mrs. Wibrey, Mrs.

Richardson, Mrs. Hodge, Mrs. Thomas, Mrs. Howell, Mrs. Charles Howe of

Key West, and Miss Edwards from Massachusetts, were all faithful and

earnest workers in the hospitals throughout the war, and Union women

when their Unionism involved peril. Miss Sarah Chappell, Miss Cordelia

Baggett and Miss Ella Gallagher, also merit the same commendation.

Nor should we fail to do honor to those loyal women in the mountainous

districts and towns of the interior of the South. Our prisoners as they

were marched through the towns of the South always found some tender

pitying hearts, ready to do something for their comfort, if it were only

a cup of cold water for their parched lips, or a corn dodger slyly

slipped into their hand. Oftentimes these humble but patriotic women

received cruel abuse, not only from the rebel soldiers, but from rebel

Southern women, who, though perhaps wealthier and in more exalted social

position than those whom they scorned, had not their tenderness of heart

or their real refinement. Indeed it would be difficult to find in

history, even among the fierce brutal women of the French revolution,

any record of conduct more absolutely fiendish than that of some of the

women of the South during the war. They insisted on the murder of

helpless prisoners; in some instances shot them in cold blood

themselves, besought their lovers and husbands to bring them Yankee

skulls, scalps and bones, for ornaments, betrayed innocent men to death,

engaged in intrigues and schemes of all kinds to obtain information of

the movements of Union troops, to convey it to the enemy, and in every

manifestation of malice, petty spite and diabolical hatred against the

flag under which they had been reared, and its defenders, they attained

a bad pre-eminence over the evil spirits of their sex since the world

began. It is true that these were not the characteristics of all

Southern, disloyal women, but they were sufficiently common to make the

rebel women of the south the objects of scorn among the people of

enlightened nations. Many of these patriotic loyal women, of the

mountainous districts, rendered valuable aid to our escaping soldiers,

as well as to the Union scouts who were in many cases their own kinsmen.

Messrs. Richardson and Browne, the Tribune correspondents so long

imprisoned, have given due honor to one of this class, "the nameless

heroine" as they call her, Miss Melvina Stevens, a young and beautiful

girl who from the age of fourteen had guided escaping Union prisoners

past the most dangerous of the rebel garrisons and outposts, on the

borders of North Carolina and East Tennessee, at the risk of her liberty

and life, solely from her devotion to the national cause. The

mountainous regions of East Tennessee, Northern Alabama and Northern

Georgia were the home of many of these loyal and energetic Union

women--women, who in the face of privation, persecution, death and

sometimes outrages worse than death, kept up the courage and patriotic

ardor of their husbands, brothers and lovers, and whose lofty

self-sacrificing courage no rebel cruelties or indignities could weaken

or abate.

MISS HETTY A. JONES.[N]

[Footnote N: The sketch of Miss Jones belonged appropriately in Part II.

but the materials for it were not received till that part of the work

was printed, and we are therefore under the necessity of inserting it

here.]

Among the thousands of noble women who devoted their time and services

to the cause of our suffering soldiers during the rebellion there were

few who sacrificed more of comfort, money or health, than Miss Hetty A.

Jones of Roxborough, in the city of Philadelphia. She was a daughter of

the late Rev. Horatio Gates Jones, D.D., for many years pastor of the

Lower Merion Baptist Church, and a sister of the Hon. J. Richter Jones,

who was Colonel of the Fifty-eighth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers,

and who was killed at the head of his regiment, near Newbern, N. C., in

May, 1863, and grand-daughter of Rev. Dr. David Jones, a revolutionary

chaplain, eminently patriotic.

At the commencement of the war Miss Jones freely gave of her means to

equip the companies which were organized in her own neighborhood, and

when the news came of the death of her brave oldest brother, although

for a time shocked by the occurrence, she at once devoted her time and

means to relieve the wants of the suffering. She attached herself to the

Filbert Street Hospital in Philadelphia, and thither she went for weeks

and months, regardless of her own comfort or health. Naturally of a

bright and cheerful disposition, she carried these qualities into her

work, and wherever she went she dispensed joy and gladness, and the

sick men seemed to welcome her presence. One who had abundant means of

observing, bears testimony to the power of her brave heart and her

pleasant winning smile. He says, "I have often seen her sit and talk

away the pain, and make glad the heart of the wounded." Nor did she

weary in well-doing. Her services at the hospital were constant and

efficient, and when she heard of any sick soldier in her village she

would visit him there and procure medicine and comforts for him.

In the fall of 1864 she accompanied a friend to Fortress Monroe to meet

his sick and wounded son, and thus was led to see more of the sufferings

of our brave patriots. On returning home she expressed a wish to go to

the front, and although dissuaded on account of her delicate health, she

felt it to be her duty to go, and accordingly on the 2d of November,

1864, she started on her errand of mercy, to City Point, Va., the

Headquarters of General Grant. The same untiring energy, the same

forgetfulness of self, the same devotion to the sick and wounded, were

exhibited by her in this new and arduous field of labor. She became

attached to the Third Division Second Corps Hospital of the Army of the

Potomac, and at once secured the warm affections of the soldiers.

She continued her work with unremitting devotion until the latter part

of November, when she had an attack of pleurisy, caused no doubt, by her

over exertions in preparing for the soldiers a Thanksgiving Dinner. On

her partial recovery she wrote to a friend, describing her tent and its

accommodations. She said: "When I was sick, I did want some home

comforts; my straw bed was very hard. But even that difficulty was met.

A kind lady procured some pillows from the Christian Commission, and

sewed them together, and made me a soft bed. _But I did not complain,

for I was so much better off than the sick boys._" The italics are ours,

not hers. She never put her own ease before her care for "the sick

boys."

She not only attended to the temporal comforts of the soldiers, but she

was equally interested in their spiritual welfare, and was wont to go to

the meetings of the Christian Commission. Her letters home and to her

friends, were full of details of these meetings, and her heart

overflowed with Christian love as she spoke of the brave soldiers rising

in scores to ask for the prayers of God's people.

She continued her labors, as far as possible, on her recovery, but was

unable to do all that her heart prompted her to attempt. She was urged

by her friends at home to return and recruit her strength. In her brief

journal she alludes to this, but says, "Another battle is expected; and

then our poor crippled boys will need all the care that we can give. God

grant that we may do something for them!"

Two days after writing this, in her chilly, leaking tent, she was

prostrated again. She was unwilling at first that her family should be

made uneasy by sending for them. But her disease soon began to make

rapid and alarming progress. She consented that they should be summoned.

But on the 21st of December, 1864, the day after this consent was

obtained, she passed away to her rest. Like a faithful soldier, she died

at her post.

She was in early life led to put her trust in Christ, and was baptized

about thirty years ago, by her father, on confession of her faith. She

continued from that time a loved member of the Lower Merion Baptist

church. In her last hours she still rested with a calm, child-like

composure on the finished work of Christ. Though called to die, with

none of her own kindred about her, she was blessed with the presence of

her Lord, who, having loved his own, loves them unto the end.

Her remains were laid beside those of her father, in the cemetery of the

Baptist church at Roxborough, Pa., on Friday, the 30th of December,

1864. A number of the convalescent soldiers from the Filbert Street

Hospital in the city, with which she was connected, attended her

funeral; and her bier was borne by four of those who had so far

recovered as to be able to perform this last office for their departed

friend.

Her memory will long be cherished by those who knew her best, and tears

often shed over her grave by the brave soldiers whom she nursed in their

sickness.

The soldiers of the Filbert Street Hospital, on receiving the

intelligence of her death, met and passed resolutions expressive of

their high esteem and reverence for her who had been their faithful and

untiring friend, and deep sympathy with her friends in their loss.

FINAL CHAPTER.

THE FAITHFUL BUT LESS CONSPICUOUS LABORERS.

So abundant and universal was the patriotism and self-sacrifice of the

loyal women of the nation that the long list of heroic names whose deeds

of mercy we have recorded in the preceding pages gives only a very

inadequate idea of woman's work in the war. These were but the generals

or at most the commanders of regiments, and staff-officers, while the

great army of patient workers followed in their train. In every

department of philanthropic labor there were hundreds and in some,

thousands, less conspicuous indeed than these, but not less deserving.

We regret that the necessities of the case compel us to pass by so many

of these without notice, and to give to others of whom we know but

little beyond their names, only a mere mention.

Among those who were distinguished for services in field, camp or army

hospitals, not already named, were the following, most of whom rendered

efficient service at Antietam or at the Naval Academy Hospital at

Annapolis. Some of them were also at City Point; Miss Mary Cary, of

Albany, N. Y., and her sister, most faithful and efficient nurses of the

sick and wounded, as worthy doubtless, of a more prominent position in

this work as many others found in the preceding pages, Miss Agnes

Gillis, of Lowell, Mass., Mrs. Guest, of Buffalo, N. Y., Miss Maria

Josslyn, of Roxbury, Mass., Miss Ruth L. Ellis, of Bridgewater, Mass.,

Miss Kate P. Thompson, of Roxbury, Mass., whose labors at Annapolis,

have probably made her permanently an invalid, Miss Eudora Clark, of

Boston, Mass., Miss Sarah Allen, of Wilbraham, Mass., Miss Emily Gove,

of Peru, N. Y., Miss Caroline Cox, of Mott Haven, N. Y., first at

David's Island and afterward at Beverly Hospital, N. J., with Mrs.

Gibbons, Miss Charlotte Ford, of Morristown, N. J., Miss Ella Wolcott,

of Elmira, N. Y., who was at the hospitals near Fortress Monroe, for

some time, and subsequently at Point Lookout.

Another corps of faithful hospital workers were those in the Benton

Barracks and other hospitals, in and near St. Louis. Of some of these,

subsequently engaged in other fields of labor we have already spoken; a

few others merit special mention for their extraordinary faithfulness

and assiduity in the service; Miss Emily E. Parsons, the able lady

superintendent of the Benton Barracks Hospital, gives her testimony to

the efficiency and excellent spirit of the following ladies; Miss S. R.

Lovell, of Galesburg, Michigan, whose labors began in the hospitals near

Nashville, Tennessee, and in 1864 was transferred to Benton Barracks,

but was almost immediately prostrated by illness, and after her recovery

returned to the Tennessee hospitals. Her gentle sympathizing manners,

and her kindness to the soldiers won for her their regard and gratitude.

Miss Lucy J. Bissell, of Meremec, St. Louis County, Mo., offered her

services as volunteer nurse as soon as the call for nurses in 1861, was

issued; and was first sent to one of the regimental hospitals at Cairo,

in July, 1861, afterward to Bird's Point, where she lived in a tent and

subsisted on the soldiers' rations, for more than a year. After a short

visit home she was sent in January, 1863, by the Sanitary Commission to

Paducah, Ky., where she remained till the following October. In

February, 1864, she was assigned to Benton Barracks Hospital where she

continued till June 1st, 1864, except a short sickness contracted by

hospital service. In July, 1864, she was transferred to Jefferson

Barracks Hospital and continued there till June, 1865, and that

hospital being closed, served a month or two longer, in one of the

others, in which some sick and wounded soldiers were still left. Many

hundreds of the soldiers will testify to her untiring assiduity in

caring for them.

Mrs. Arabella Tannehill, of Iowa, after many months of assiduous work at

the Benton Barracks Hospital, went to the Nashville hospitals, where she

performed excellent service, being a most conscientious and faithful

nurse, and winning the regard and esteem of all those under her charge.

Mrs. Rebecca S. Smith, of Chelsea, Ill., the wife of a soldier in the

army, had acquitted herself so admirably at the Post Hospital of Benton

Barracks, that one of the surgeons of the General Hospital, who had

formerly been surgeon of the Post, requested Miss Parsons to procure her

services for his ward. She did so, and found her a most excellent and

skillful nurse.

Mrs. Caroline E. Gray, of Illinois, had also a husband in the army; she

was a long time at Benton Barracks and was one of the best nurses there,

an estimable woman in every respect.

Miss Adeline A. Lane, of Quincy, Ill., a teacher before the war, came to

Benton Barracks Hospital in the Spring of 1863, and after a service of

many months there, returned to her home at Quincy, where she devoted her

attention to the care of the sick and wounded soldiers sent there, and

accomplished great good.

Miss Martha Adams, of New York city, was long employed in the Fort

Schuyler Hospital and subsequently at Benton Barracks, and was a woman

of rare devotion to her work.

Miss Jennie Tileston Spaulding, of Roxbury, Mass., was for a long period

at Fort Schuyler Hospital, where she was much esteemed, and after her

return home busied herself in caring for the families of soldiers around

her.

Miss E. M. King, of Omaha, Nebraska, was a very faithful and excellent

nurse at the Benton Barracks Hospital.

Mrs. Juliana Day, the wife of a surgeon in one of the Nashville

hospitals, acted as a volunteer nurse for them, and by her protracted

services there impaired her health and died before the close of the war.

Other efficient nurses appointed by the Western Sanitary Commission (and

there were none more efficient anywhere) were, Miss Carrie C. McNair,

Miss N. A. Shepard, Miss C. A. Harwood, Miss Rebecca M. Craighead, Miss

Ida Johnson, Mrs. Dorothea Ogden, Miss Harriet N. Phillips, Mrs. A.

Reese, Mrs. Maria Brooks, Mrs. Mary Otis, Miss Harriet Peabody, Mrs. M.

A. Wells, Mrs. Florence P. Sterling, Miss N. L. Ostram, Mrs. Anne Ward,

Miss Isabella M. Hartshorne, Mrs. Mary Ellis, Mrs. L. E. Lathrop, Miss

Louisa Otis, Mrs. Lydia Leach, Mrs. Mary Andrews, Mrs. Mary Ludlow, Mrs.

Hannah A. Haines and Mrs. Mary Allen. Most of these were from St. Louis

or its vicinity.

The following, also for the most part from St. Louis, were appointed

somewhat later by the Western Sanitary Commission, but rendered

excellent service. Mrs. M. I. Ballard, Mrs. E. O. Gibson, Mrs. L. D.

Aldrich, Mrs. Houghton, Mrs. Sarah A. Barton, Mrs. Olive Freeman, Mrs.

Anne M. Shattuck, Mrs. E. C. Brendell, Mrs. E. J. Morris, Miss Fanny

Marshall, Mrs. Elizabeth A. Nichols, Mrs. H. A. Reid, Mrs. Reese, Mrs.

M. A. Stetler, Mrs. M. J. Dykeman, Misses Marian and Clara McClintock,

Mrs. Sager, Mrs. Peabody, Mrs. C. C. Hagar, Mrs. J. E. Hickox, Mrs.

L. L. Campbell, Miss Deborah Dougherty and Mrs. Ferris.

As in other cities, many ladies of high social position, devoted

themselves with great assiduity to voluntary visiting and nursing at the

hospitals. Among these were Mrs. Chauncey I. Filley, wife of Mayor

Filley, Mrs. Robert Anderson, wife of General Anderson, Mrs. Jessie B.

Fremont, wife of General Fremont, Mrs. Clinton B. Fisk, wife of General

Fisk, Mrs. E. M. Webber, Mrs. A. M. Clark, Mrs. John Campbell, Mrs.

W. F. Cozzens, Mrs. E. W. Davis, Miss S. F. McCracken, Miss Anna M.

Debenham, since deceased, Miss Susan Bell, Miss Charlotte Ledergerber,

Mrs. S. C. Davis, Mrs. Hazard, Mrs. T. D. Edgar, Mrs. George Partridge,

Miss E. A. Hart, since deceased, Mrs. H. A. Nelson, Mrs. F. A. Holden,

Mrs. Hicks, Mrs. Baily, Mrs. Elizabeth Jones, Mrs. C. V. Barker, Miss

Bettie Broadhead, Mrs. T. M. Post, Mrs. E. J. Page, Miss Jane Patrick,

since deceased, Mrs. R. H. Stone, Mrs. C. P. Coolidge, Mrs. S. R. Ward,

Mrs. Washington King, Mrs. Wyllys King, Miss Fales, since deceased.

The following were among the noble women at Springfield, Ill., who were

most devoted in their labors for the soldier in forwarding sanitary

supplies, in visiting the hospitals in and near Springfield, in

sustaining the Soldiers' Home in that city, and in aiding the families

of soldiers. Mrs. Lucretia Jane Tilton, Miss Catharine Tilton, Mrs.

Lucretia P. Wood, Mrs. P. C. Latham, Mrs. M. E. Halbert, Mrs. Zimmerman,

Mrs. J. D. B. Salter, Mrs. John Ives, Mrs. Mary Engleman, Mrs. Paul

Selby, Mrs. S. H. Melvin, Mrs. Stoneberger, Mrs. Schaums, Mrs. E.

Curtiss, Mrs. L. Snell, Mrs. J. Nutt and Mrs. J. P. Reynolds. Mrs. R. H.

Bennison, of Quincy, Ill., was also a faithful hospital visitor and

friend of the soldier. Mrs. Dr. Ely, of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, efficient in

every good work throughout the war, and at its close the active promoter

and superintendent of a Home for Soldiers' Orphans, near Davenport,

Iowa, is deserving of all honor.

Miss Georgiana Willets, of Jersey City, N. J., a faithful and earnest

helper at the front from 1864 to the end of the war, deserves especial

mention, as do also Miss Molineux, sister of General Molineux and Miss

McCabe, of Brooklyn, N. Y., who were, throughout the war, active in

aiding the soldiers by all the means in their power. Miss Sophronia

Bucklin, of Auburn, N. Y., an untiring and patient worker among the

soldiers of the Army of the Potomac, also deserves a place in our

record.

Cincinnati had a large band of noble hospital workers, women who gave

freely of their own property as well as their personal services for the

care and comfort of the soldier. Among these were, Mrs. Crafts J.

Wright, wife of Colonel Crafts J. Wright, was among the first hospital

visiters of the city, and was unwearied in her efforts to provide

comforts for the soldiers in the general hospitals of the city as well

as for the sick or wounded soldiers of her husband's regiment in the

field. Mrs. C. W. Starbuck, Mrs. Peter Gibson, Mrs. William Woods and

Mrs. Caldwell, were also active in visiting the hospitals and gave

largely to the soldiers who were sick there. Miss Penfield and Mrs.

Elizabeth S. Comstock, of Michigan, Mrs. C. E. Russell, of Detroit, Mrs.

Harriet B. Dame, of Wisconsin and the Misses Rexford, of Illinois, were

remarkably efficient, not only in the hospitals at home, but at the

front, where they were long engaged in caring for the soldiers.

From Niagara Falls, N. Y., Miss Elizabeth L. Porter, sister of the late

gallant Colonel Peter A. Porter, went to the Baltimore Hospitals and for

nineteen months devoted her time and her ample fortune to the service of

the soldiers, with an assiduity which has rendered her an invalid ever

since.

In Louisville, Ky., Mrs. Menefee and Mrs. Smith, wife of the Bishop of

the Protestant Episcopal Church for the diocese of Kentucky, were the

leaders of a faithful band of hospital visitors in that city.

Boston was filled with patriotic women; to name them all would be almost

like publishing a directory of the city. Mrs. Lowell, who gave two sons

to the war, both of whom were slain at the head of their commands, was

herself one of the most zealous laborers in behalf of the soldier in

Boston or its vicinity. Like Miss Wormeley and Miss Gilson, she took a

contract for clothing from the government, to provide work for the

soldiers' families, preparing the work for them and giving them more

than she received. Her daughter, Miss Anna Lowell, was on one of the

Hospital Transports in the Peninsula, and arrived at Harrison's Landing,

where she met the news of her brother's death in the battles of the

Seven Days, but burying her sorrows in her heart, she took charge of a

ward on the Transport when it returned, and from the summer of 1862

till the close of the war was in charge as lady superintendent, of the

Armory Square Hospital, Washington. Other ladies hardly less active were

Mrs. Amelia L. Holmes, wife of the poet and essayist, Miss Hannah E.

Stevenson, Miss Ira E. Loring, Mrs. George H. Shaw, Mrs. Martin Brimmer

and Mrs. William B. Rogers. Miss Mary Felton, of Cambridge, Mass.,

served for a long time with her friend, Miss Anna Lowell, at Armory

Square Hospital, Washington. Miss Louise M. Alcott, daughter of A. B.

Alcott, of Concord, Mass., and herself the author of a little book on

"Hospital Scenes," as well as other works, was for some time an

efficient nurse in one of the Washington hospitals.

Among the leaders in the organization of Soldiers' Aid Societies in the

smaller cities and towns, those ladies who gave the impulse which during

the whole war vibrated through the souls of those who came within the

sphere of their influence, there are very many eminently deserving of a

place in our record. A few we must name. Mrs. Heyle, Mrs. Ide and Miss

Swayne, daughter of Judge Swayne of the United States Supreme Court, all

of Columbus, Ohio, did an excellent work there. The Soldiers' Home of

that city, founded and sustained by their efforts, was one of the best

in the country. Mrs. T. W. Seward, of Utica, was indefatigable in her

efforts for maintaining in its highest condition of activity the Aid

Society of that city. Mrs. Sarah J. Cowen was similarly efficient in

Hartford, Conn. Miss Long, at Rochester, N. Y., was the soul of the

efforts for the soldier there, and her labors were warmly seconded by

many ladies of high standing and earnest patriotism. In Norwalk, Ohio,

Mrs. Lizzie H. Farr was one of the most zealous coadjutors of those

ladies who managed with such wonderful ability the affairs of the

Soldiers' Aid Society of Northern Ohio, at Cleveland. To her is due the

origination of the Alert Clubs, associations of young girls for the

purpose of working for the soldiers and their families, which rapidly

spread thence over the country. Never flagging in her efforts for the

soldiers, Mrs. Farr exerted a powerful and almost electric influence

over the region of which Norwalk is the centre.

Equally efficient, and perhaps exerting a wider influence, was the

Secretary of the Soldiers' Aid Society at Peoria, Ill., Miss Mary E.

Bartlett, a lady of superior culture and refinement, and indefatigable

in her exertions for raising supplies for the soldiers, from the

beginning to the close of the war. The Western Sanitary Commission had

no more active auxiliary out of St. Louis, than the Soldiers' Aid

Society of Peoria.

Among the ladies who labored for the relief of the Freedmen, Miss Sophia

Knight of South Reading, Mass., deserves a place. After spending five or

six months in Benton Barracks Hospital (May to October, 1864) she went

to Natchez, Miss., and engaged as teacher of the Freedmen, under the

direction of the Western Sanitary Commission. Not satisfied with

teaching the colored children, she instructed also the colored soldiers

in the fort, and visited the people in their homes and the hospitals for

sick and wounded colored soldiers. She remained in Natchez until May,

1865. In the following autumn she accepted an appointment from the New

England Freedman's Aid Society as teacher of the Freedmen in South

Carolina, on Edisto Island, where she remained until July, 1866; she

then returned to Boston, where she is still engaged in teaching

freedmen.

But time and space would both fail us were we to attempt to put on

record the tithe of names which memory recalls of those whose labors and

sacrifices of health and life for the cause of the nation, have been not

less heroic or noble than those of the soldiers whom they have sought to

serve. In the book of God's remembrance their names and their deeds of

love and mercy are all inscribed, and in the great day of reckoning,

when that record shall be proclaimed in the sight and hearing of an

assembled universe, it will be their joyful privilege to hear from the

lips of the Supreme Judge, the welcome words, "Inasmuch as ye did it

unto one of the least of these, my brethren, ye did it unto me."

INDEX

OF NAMES OF WOMEN WHOSE SERVICES ARE RECORDED IN THIS BOOK.

Abernethy, Mrs. C., 528.

Adams, Miss H. A., 74, 79, 630, 636, 639.

Adams, Miss Martha, 789.

Adams, Mrs. N., 594.

Alcott, Miss Louise M., 793.

Aldrich, Mrs. L. D., 790.

Aldrich, Milly, 85.

Allen, Mrs. Mary, 790.

Allen, Miss Phebe, 502.

Allen, Miss Sarah, 459, 788.

Anderson, Mrs. Kate B., 737.

Anderson, Mrs. Robert, 630, 790.

Andrews, Emma, 84.

Andrews, Mrs. Mary, 790.

Archer, Mrs., 79.

Armstrong, Miss, 209.

Babcock, Miss Grace, 590.

Bacon, Mrs. Elbridge, 463.

Bailey, Mrs., 301, 731.

Bailey, Mrs. Catharine, 737.

Bailey, Mrs. Hannah F., 737.

Baily, Mrs., 791.

Baker, Miss Delphine P., 754-759.

Bakewell, Miss, 616.

Ballard, Mrs. M. I., 790.

Balustier, Mrs., 301, 732.

Barker, Mrs. C. N., 630, 632.

Barker, Mrs. C. V., 791.

Barker, Mrs. Stephen, 186, 200-211.

Barlow, Mrs. Arabella Griffith, 88, 225-233.

Barnard, Mrs., 664.

Barnett, Mrs., 780.

Barrows, Mrs. Ellen B., 737.

Bartlett, Miss Mary E., 794.

Bartlett, Mrs. Abner, 84.

Barton, Mrs. Sarah A., 790.

Barton, Miss Clara Harlowe, 73, 111-132.

Baylis, Mrs. H., 528.

Beck, Mrs., 157, 159, 485, 713.

Bell, Miss Annie, 616.

Bell, Miss Susan J., 630, 790.

Bellows, Mrs. H. W., 302.

Bennett, Miss, 780.

Bennison, Mrs. R. H., 791.

Bergen, Miss Rebecca, 428.

Bickerdyke, Mrs. Mary A., 74, 163, 165-170, 172-186, 209, 512.

Biddle, Misses, 644.

Bigelow, Mrs. R. M., 738-740.

Billing, Mrs. R. K., 738, 739.

Billing, Miss Rose M., 460, 738, 739, 742.

Bird, Miss, 590.

Bissell, Miss Lucy J., 788.

Bissell, Miss Mary, 616.

Blackmar, Miss M. A., 429, 430.

Blackwell, Miss Emily, 527.

Blackwell, Miss Elizabeth, 527, 528, 529.

Blanchard, Miss Anna, 600.

Blanchard, Miss H., 600.

Booth, Mrs., 769.

Botta, Mrs. Vincenzo, 528.

Boyer, Mrs. Margaret, 736.

Bradford, Miss Charlotte, 153, 301, 316, 731, 732.

Bradley, Miss Amy M., 212-224, 301, 316, 584, 732, 748.

Brady, Mrs. Mary A., 597, 647-9.

Brayton, Miss Mary Clark, 74, 79, 540, 543, 545, 546, 547-552.

Breckinridge, Miss Margaret E., 74, 88, 187, 199, 779.

Brendell, Mrs. E. C., 790.

Brewster, Mrs., 664.

Bridgham, Mrs. S. W., 531.

Brimmer, Mrs. Martin, 557, 793.

Broadhead, Mrs. Bettie, 632, 791.

Brooks, Mrs. Maria, 790.

Brownell, Mrs. Kady, 773, 774.

Bryden, Mrs., 780.

Bucklin, Miss Sophronia, 791.

Caldwell, Mrs., 792.

Campbell, Mrs. John, 790.

Campbell, Mrs. Lucy L., 790.

Campbell, Miss Valeria, 79, 594, 595.

Canfield, Mrs. S. A. Martha, 495.

Carver, Mrs. Anna, 647.

Cary, Miss Mary, 459, 787.

Case, Mrs. Cynthia, 742.

Cassedy, Mrs. Mary A., 737.

Chase, Miss Nellie, 644.

Chapman, Mrs. 354.

Chapman, Miss G. D., 714.

Chipman, Mrs. H. L., 594.

Clapp, Mrs. Anna L., 79, 630, 634-636, 715, 767, 779.

Clapp, Mrs. Samuel H., 599.

Clark, Mrs. A. M., 790.

Clark, Miss Eudora, 458, 788.

Clark, Mrs. Lincoln, 165.

Colby, Mrs. Robert, 530.

Colfax, Mrs. Harriet R., 74, 395-399.

Collins, Miss Ellen, 79, 528, 533, 534, 536.

Colt, Mrs. Henrietta L., 79, 568, 586, 607, 609-613.

Colwell, Mrs. Stephen, 643.

Conrad, Mrs. R. E., 377.

Constant, Mrs. Nettie C., 714.

Coolidge, Mrs. C. P., 791.

Combs, Mrs. Sarah, 715.

Comstock, Mrs. Elizabeth S., 792.

Cowen, Mrs. Sarah J., 793.

Courteney, Mrs. Mary, 737.

Cox, Miss Caroline, 788.

Cozzens, Mrs. W. F., 790.

Craighead, Miss Rebecca M., 790.

Crawshaw, Mrs. Joseph, 630, 715.

Curtis, Mrs. George, 537.

Curtiss, Mrs. E., 791.

Dada, Miss Hattie A., 431-439.

Dame, Mrs. Harriet B., 792.

Dana, Miss Emily W., 456, 462.

Davis, Miss Clara, 295, 400-403, 480.

Davis, Mrs. E. W., 790.

Davis, Mrs. G. T. M., 352-356, 666, 680.

Davis, Mrs. Samuel C., 630, 790.

Day, Mrs. Juliana, 789.

Debenham, Miss Anna M., 630, 790.

Delafield, Mrs. Louisa M., 607.

Denham, Mrs. Z., 644.

Detmold, Miss Z. T., 537.

Divers, Bridget, 480, 593, 771-773.

Dix, Miss Dorothea L., 71, 97-108, 134, 271, 290, 431, 432, 449, 472,

478, 512, 579.

Dodge, Mrs., 664.

Don Carlos, Mrs. Minnie, 780.

D'Oremieulx, Mrs. T., 528, 531.

Dougherty, Miss Deborah, 790.

Duane, Miss M. M., 599.

Dunlap, Miss S. B., 599.

Dupee, Miss Mary E., 456, 462, 463, 464.

Dykeman, Mrs. M. J., 790.

Eaton, Mrs. J. S., 463, 507, 508.

Eaton, Mrs. Lucien, 715.

Edgar, Mrs. T. D., 791.

Edson, Mrs. Sarah P., 440-447.

Edwards, Miss, 780.

Elkinton, Mrs. Anna A., 737.

Elliott, Miss Melcenia, 74, 380-384.

Ellis, Mrs. Mary, 790.

Ellis, Miss Ruth L., 458, 787.

Ely, Mrs. Charles L., 630.

Ely, Mrs. Dr., 791.

Engleman, Mrs. Mary, 791.

Etheridge, Mrs. Annie, 218, 301, 593, 747-753.

Fales, Mrs. Almira, 73, 279-283, 449, 450, 483, 677.

Fales, Miss, 791.

Farr, Mrs. Lizzie H., 793.

Fellows, Mrs. W. M., 530.

Felton, Miss Mary, 793.

Femington, Mrs. Sarah, 736.

Fenn, Mrs. Curtis T., 660-670.

Fernald, Mrs. James E., 463.

Ferris, Mrs., 790.

Field, Mrs. David Dudley, 88.

Field, Mrs. Mary E., 737.

Field, Miss, 737.

Field, Mrs. C. W., 528.

Field, Mrs. Samuel, 599.

Filley, Mrs. Chauncey I., 790.

Fish, Mrs. Hamilton, 528, 529.

Fisk, Mrs. Clinton B., 713, 790.

Flanders, Mrs. Benj., 780.

Flanders, Miss Fanny, 780.

Flanders, Miss Florence, 780.

Fogg, Mrs. Mary R., 715.

Fogg, Mrs. Isabella, 463, 506-510.

Follett, Mrs. Joseph E., 590.

Foote, Miss Kate, 418.

Ford, Miss Charlotte, 459, 788.

Fox, Miss Harriet, 463.

Francis, Miss Abby, 209.

Frederick, Mrs. M. L., 599.

Freeman, Mrs. Olive, 790.

Fremont, Mrs. Jessie B., 274, 790.

Frietchie, Barbara, 522, 761-763, 767

Furness, Mrs. W. H., 599.

Gage, Mrs. Frances Dana, 683-690.

Gardiner, Miss M., 301, 732.

George, Mrs. E. E., 511-513.

Gibbons, Mrs. A. H., 467-476, 788.

Gibbons, Miss Sarah H., 467-476.

Gibson, Mrs. E. O., 396, 399, 790.

Gibson, Mrs. Peter, 792.

Gillespie, Mrs. E. D., 599.

Gillis, Miss Agnes, 459, 787.

Gilson, Miss Helen L., 71, 73, 80, 81, 133-148, 232, 301, 316, 713, 732.

Glover, Miss Eliza S., 630.

Gove, Miss Emily, 459, 788.

Graff, Mrs. C, 599.

Gray, Mrs. Caroline E., 789.

Greble, Mrs. Edwin, 503, 504.

Green, Mrs., 736.

Grier, Mrs. Maria C., 597-599, 600, 601, 779.

Griffin, Mrs. Josephine R., 707-709.

Griffin, Mrs. William Preston, 301, 316, 528, 529, 530, 534.

Grover, Mrs. Mary, 736.

Grover, Mrs. Priscilla, 736.

Grover, Miss, 737.

Guest, Mrs., 459, 787.

Hagar, Mrs. C. C., 704, 790.

Hagar, Miss Sarah J., 704, 706.

Haines, Mrs. Hannah A., 790.

Hall, Miss Maria M. C., 157, 247, 290, 401, 448-454, 456, 457, 460, 483,

485, 644.

Hall, Miss Susan E., 431-439.

Halbert, Mrs. M. E., 791.

Hallowell, Mrs. M. M., 710-712.

Hancock, Miss Cornelia, 284-286, 487, 644.

Harlan, Mrs. James, 676, 678.

Harmon, Miss Amelia, 777, 778.

Harris, Mrs. John, 72, 73, 79, 149-160, 367, 450, 482, 483, 485, 596,

643, 644, 645, 713.

Harris, Miss W. F., 742, 743.

Hart, Miss E. A., 791.

Hartshorne, Miss Isabella M., 790.

Harvey, Mrs. Cordelia A. P., 73, 164, 260-268, 729.

Harwood, Miss C. A., 790.

Hawley, Miss E. P., 600.

Hawley, Mrs. Harriet Foote, 416-419, 513, 713.

Hazard, Mrs., 790.

Helmbold, Mrs. Eliza, 737.

Heyle, Mrs., 793.

Hickox, Mrs. J. E., 790.

Hicks, Mrs., 791.

Hoadley, Mrs. George, 79.

Hoes, Mrs. H. F., 713.

Hodge, Mrs., 780.

Hoge, Mrs. A. H., 74, 79, 178, 561, 562-576, 580, 583, 585, 589, 610.

Holden, Mrs. F. A., 791.

Holland, Miss Sarah, 736.

Holmes, Mrs. Amelia L., 793.

Holmes, Miss Belle, 630.

Holstein, Mrs. William H., 251-259.

Home, Miss Jessie, 422, 427, 428, 480.

Hooper, Mrs. Lucy H., 764.

Horton, Mrs. Elizabeth, 737.

Hosmer, Mrs. O. E., 719-724.

Houghton, Mrs., 790.

Howe, Miss Abbie J., 458, 465, 466.

Howe, Mrs. Charles, 780.

Howe, Mrs. T. O., 164.

Howell, Mrs., 780.

Howland, Mrs. Eliza W., 301, 324-326.

Howland, Mrs. Robert S., 88, 326, 327.

Humphrey, Miss, 164.

Husband, Mrs. Mary Morris, 157, 287-298, 301, 316, 401, 451, 483, 485,

486, 507, 596.

Ide, Mrs., 793.

Ives, Mrs. John, 791.

Jackson, Mrs. Margaret A., 607.

Jessup, Mrs. A. D., 599.

Johnson, Miss Addie E., 399.

Johnson, Miss Ida, 790.

Johnson, Mrs. J. Warner, 599.

Johnson, Mrs., 209, 210.

Johnston, Mrs. Sarah R., 269-272, 779.

Jones, Mrs. Elizabeth, 791.

Jones, Miss Hetty A., 783, 786.

Jones, Mrs. Joel, 79, 643.

Josslyn, Miss Maria, 459, 787.

Kellogg, Mrs. S. B., 630.

King, Miss E. M., 789.

King, Mrs. Washington, 630, 791.

King, Mrs. Wyllys, 791.

Kirchner, Mrs. Dr., 780.

Kirkland, Mrs. Caroline M., 88, 528.

Knight, Miss A. M., 705.

Knight, Miss Sophia, 794.

Krider, Miss, 737.

Lane, Miss Adeline A., 789.

Lane, Mrs. David, 530, 537.

Latham, Mrs. P. C., 791.

Lathrop, Mrs. L. E., 790.

Lathrop, Mrs., 599.

Leach, Mrs. Lydia, 790.

Ledergerber, Miss Charlotte, 790.

Lee, Miss Amanda, 480, 486, 737.

Lee, Mrs. Mary W., 73, 157, 480-488, 596, 644, 647, 733, 737.

Little, Miss Anna P., 647.

Livermore, Mrs. Mary A., 74, 79, 85, 178, 359, 561, 566, 569, 577-589, 610.

Long, Miss, 793.

Loring, Miss Ira E., 557, 793.

Lovejoy, Miss Sarah E. M., 714.

Lovell, Miss S. R., 788.

Lowell, Miss Anna, 792, 793.

Lowell, Mrs., 792.

Lowry, Mrs. Ellen J., 736.

Ludlow, Mrs. Mary, 790.

McCabe, Miss, 791.

McClintock, Miss Clara, 790.

McClintock, Miss Marian, 790.

McCracken, Miss Sarah F., 790.

McEwen, Mrs. Hetty M., 764-766, 767.

McFadden, Miss Rachel W., 79, 616.

McKay, Mrs. Charlotte E., 514-516.

McMeens, Mrs. Anna C., 491, 492.

McMillan, Mrs., 616.

McNair, Miss Carrie C., 790.

Maertz, Miss Louisa, 74, 390-394.

Maltby, Mrs. F. F., 630.

Mann, Miss Maria R., 697-703.

Marsh, Mrs. M. M., 534, 621-629.

Marshall, Miss Fanny, 790.

Mason, Mrs. Emily, 737.

May, Miss Abby W., 79, 554-557.

Mayhew, Mrs. Ruth S., 463, 506.

Melvin, Mrs. S. H., 791.

Mendenhall, Mrs. Elizabeth S., 79, 494, 617-620.

Menefee, Mrs., 792.

Merrill, Mrs. Eunice D., 457, 462.

Merritt, Mrs., 302.

Mills, Mrs., 780.

Mitchell, Miss Ellen E., 420-426.

Molineux, Miss, 791.

Moore, Mrs. Clara J., 597, 599.

Moore, Mrs., (of Knoxville, Tenn.), 767, 768.

Morris, Mrs. E. J., 790.

Morris, Miss, 354, 496.

Morris, Miss Rachel W., 600.

Moss, Miss M. J., 600.

Munsell, Mrs. Jane R., 522, 523.

Murdoch, Miss Ellen E., 616, 633.

Nash, Miss C., 537.

Nelson, Mrs. H. A., 791.

Newhall, Miss Susan, 456, 461, 464.

Nichols, Mrs. Elizabeth A., 790.

Noye, Miss Helen M., 456, 459.

Nutt, Mrs. J., 791.

Ogden, Mrs. Dorothea, 790.

Oliver, Mrs., 664.

Ostram, Miss N. L., 790.

Otis, Miss Louisa, 790.

Otis, Mrs. Mary, 790.

Page, Miss Eliza, 631.

Page, Mrs. E. J., 791.

Painter, Mrs. Hetty K., 644, 647.

Palmer, Mrs. Mary E., 81, 88, 630, 640-642.

Palmer, Mrs. John, 594.

Pancoast, Mrs., 656.

Parrish, Mrs. Lydia G., 362-373, 599.

Parsons, Miss Emily E., 74, 273-278, 382, 489, 502, 788.

Partridge, Mrs. George, 791.

Patrick, Miss Jane, 791.

Peabody, Miss Harriet, 790.

Peabody, Mrs., 790.

Penfield, Miss, 792.

Pettes, Miss Mary Dwight, 385-389.

Phelps, Mrs. John S., 520, 521, 713, 779.

Pierson, Miss Mary, 457, 462.

Phillips, Miss Harriet N., 790.

Pinkham, Miss, 644.

Plummer, Mrs. Eliza G., 73, 88, 735.

Plummer, Mrs. S. A., 396, 399.

Pomeroy, Mrs. Lucy G., 88, 691-696.

Pomeroy, Mrs. Robert, 664.

Porter, Mrs. Eliza C., 74, 161-171, 174, 182, 183, 185, 186, 209, 512, 560.

Porter, Miss Elizabeth L., 791.

Post, Miss A., 537.

Post, Mrs. T. M., 630, 791.

Preble, Mrs. William, 463.

Quimby, Miss Almira, 456-462.

Reese, Mrs. A., 790.

Reid, Mrs. H. A., 790.

Reifsnyder, Miss Hattie S., 742.

Reynolds, Mrs. J. P., 791.

Rexford, Misses, 792.

Rich, Miss, 370.

Richardson, Mrs., 780.

Ricketts, Mrs. Fanny L., 480, 517-519.

Robinson, Miss Belle, 742.

Rogers, Mrs. William B., 557, 793.

Ross, Miss Anna Maria, 88, 343-351, 644, 733.

Rouse, Mrs. B., 79, 540, 544, 545.

Royce, Miss Alice F., 713.

Russell, Mrs. E. A., 679.

Russell, Mrs. E. J., 477-479.

Russell, Mrs. C. E., 792.

Safford, Miss Mary J., 163, 357-361.

Sager, Mrs., 790.

Salomon, Mrs. Eliza, 613, 614.

Salter, Mrs. J. D. B., 791.

Sampson, Mrs., 644.

Schaums, Mrs., 791.

Schuyler, Mrs. G. L., 528.

Schuyler, Miss Louisa Lee, 79, 532, 534, 537.

Selby, Mrs. Paul, 791.

Seward, Mrs. T. W., 793.

Seymour, Mrs. Horatio, 79, 590-592.

Sharpless, Miss Hattie R., 741-743.

Shattuck, Mrs. Anna M., 790.

Shaw, the Misses, 537.

Shaw, Mrs. G. H., 557, 793.

Sheffield, Miss Mary E., 714.

Sheads, Miss Carrie, 776, 777.

Shepard, Miss N. A., 790.

Sibley, Miss S. A., 594.

Small, Mrs. Jerusha C., 493, 494.

Smith, Mrs. Aubrey H., 599.

Smith, Mrs. Hannah, 736.

Smith, Mrs., 792.

Smith, Mrs. Eliza J., 737.

Smith, Mrs. Rebecca S., 789.

Snell, Mrs. L., 791.

Spaulding Miss Jennie Tileston, 789.

Spencer, Mrs. R. H., 404-415.

Springer, Mrs. C. R., 80, 630, 639, 640.

Starr, Mrs. Lucy E., 713, 728-730.

Starbuck, Mrs. C. W., 792.

Stearns, Mrs. S. Burger, 760.

Steel, Mrs., 209.

Sterling, Mrs. Florence P., 790.

Stetler, Mrs. M. A., 790.

Stevens, Miss Gertrude, 537.

Stevens, Miss Melvina, 782.

Stevens, Mrs. N., 715.

Stevenson, Miss Hannah E., 793.

Steward, Miss Ella, 616.

Stille, Mrs. Charles J., 599.

Stone, Mrs. R. H., 791.

Stoneberger, Mrs., 791.

Stranahan, Mrs. Mariamne F., 79, 537, 651-658.

Streeter, Mrs. Elizabeth M., 655-659.

Strong, Mrs. George T., 301.

Swett, Mrs. J. A., 528.

Swayne, Miss, 793.

Tannehill, Mrs. Arabella, 789.

Taylor, Miss Alice, 239, 240, 768, 769.

Taylor, Mrs. Nellie Maria, 234, 240, 779, 780.

Terry, Miss Ellen F., 540, 543, 546, 547.

Tevis, Mrs. J., 599.

Thomas, Mrs. E., 496.

Thomas, Mrs. (of New Orleans), 780.

Thompson, Miss Kate P., 458, 788.

Ticknor, Miss Anna, 557.

Ticknor, Mrs. George, 323, 557.

Tileston, Miss Jennie, 789.

Tilton, Miss Catherine, 791.

Tilton, Mrs. Lucretia Jane, 791.

Tinkham, Mrs. Smith, 720, 722.

Titcomb, Miss Louise, 247, 453, 456, 461, 463.

Titlow, Mrs. Effie, 522, 767.

Tompkins, Miss Cornelia M., 489, 490.

Trotter, Mrs. Laura, 301.

Turchin, Madame, 480, 770, 771.

Tyler, Mrs. Adaline, 241-250, 453, 456, 461, 464.

Tyson, Miss, 157, 159, 485, 713.

Usher, Miss Rebecca R., 456, 461, 463.

Vance, Miss Mary, 429, 430.

Vanderkieft, Mrs. Dr., 247.

Wade, Mrs. Jennie, 88, 775, 776.

Wade, Mrs. Mary B., 736.

Walker, Miss Adeline, 456, 457, 462.

Wallace, Miss, 209.

Wallace, Mrs. Martha A., 73.

Ward, Mrs. Anne, 790.

Ward, Mrs. S. R., 791.

Waterbury, Miss Kate E., 651, 658.

Waterman, Mrs., 644.

Webber, Mrs. E. M., 790.

Weed, Mrs. H. M., 715.

Wells, Mrs. Shepard, 497, 498, 779.

Whetten, Miss Harriet Douglas, 301, 316, 322.

Whitaker, Miss Mary A., 714.

Wibrey, Mrs., 780.

Willets, Miss Georgiana, 791.

Williams, Miss, 245.

Wiswall, Miss Hattie, 725-727.

Witherell, Mrs. E. C., 499-501.

Wittenmeyer, Mrs. Annie, 374-379, 509.

Wolcott, Miss Ella, 459, 788.

Wolfley, Mrs., 780.

Wolfley, Miss Carrie, 780.

Wood, Mrs. Lucretia P., 791.

Woods, Mrs. William, 792.

Woolsey, Miss Georgiana M., 301, 303, 322, 323, 324, 327-342, 472.

Woolsey, Miss Jane Stuart, 322, 324, 342, 472, 713.

Woolsey, Miss Sarah C., 322, 342.

Woolsey, Mrs., 328.

Wormeley, Miss Katharine P., 80, 301, 303, 318-323, 327, 480.

Wright, Mrs. Crafts J., 791.

Young, Miss M. A. B., 459.

Zimmerman, Mrs., 791.

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES:

Illustrations originally printed in the middle of sentences have been

moved to the nearest paragraph break.

Because sections of this book were written by different people, accent,

spelling and hyphen usage is inconsistent. These inconsistencies have

been preserved except where noted.

Page 25: added page numbers for Table of Contents and Introduction

Page 27: added period to "Visits Huntsville, Pulaski, etc."

Page 30: added period to "preparation of diet, etc."

Page 40: changed "e" to "e" in "Mrs. D'Oremieulx's departure for Europe"

Page 41: changed "e" to "e" in "made by the employes of the Association,"

Page 42: "Did you drop from heaven" had opening " printed as '

Page 45: "Mr. Stranahan chosen President" corrected to "Mrs. Stranahan"

Page 51: Removed period after Felton: Miss Felton--Louisville,

Page 51: "Mrs. Corven, of Hartford, Conn." corrected to "Cowen"

Page 51: Added period after Hartford, Conn. and Peoria, Ill.

Page 53: "MRS. MARIANNE F. STRANAHAN" not corrected to MARIAMNE

Page 66: "We need only recal" corrected to "recall"

Page 82: Deleted quotation mark before: In that little hamlet

Page 82: Deleted quotation mark before: "In one of the mountainous

Page 129: "franks of some of her frinds" corrected to "friends"

Page 137: "In all her journies Miss Gilson" corrected to "journeys"

Page 169: Changed "most econonomical" corrected to "most economical"

Page 191: Added close quote to: uncertainties of self-support."

Page 210: "Companies A. B, C.," corrected to Companies "A, B, C,"

Page 237: Added second close quote to: "Lincoln's hirelings.""

Page 292: Added close quote to: departure in copious tears."

Page 305: "earnest hope that yon alleviate suffering" corrected to "you"

Page 353: Added period to "themselves in the service of their country."

Page 339: "'It is the man, you know," had opening ' printed as "

Page 375: "$115,876,93" corrected to "$115,876.93"

Page 386: ""develope that purity" corrected to "develop"

Page 456: "year in the hospitel." corrected to "hospital"

Page 462: Added close quote to: of the deceased to their friends."

Page 529: "physicial fatigue" corrected to "physical fatigue"

Page 537: "MRS. MARIANNE F. STRANAHAN" not corrected to MARIAMNE

Page 574: "wih the Branch Commissions" corrected to "with"

Page 577: "Charlestown (Mass)., Female Seminary" corrected to "(Mass.),"

Page 592: Opening " changed to ': 'for two miles it was all people

Page 609: "beleagured city" corrected to "beleaguered city"

Page 612: Added opening quote mark: "After a little, as the thought

Page 612: Added close single-quote: proud to have helped on the cause.'

Page 617: "This lady and Mrs. George Hoadly" corrected to "Hoadley"

Page 686: "Thoul't find warm sympathizing hearts" corrected to "Thou'lt"

Page 691: "destined to develope" corrected to "develop"

Page 732: "Miss Amy M. Bradley, Mrs. Balestier," corrected to "Balustier"

Page 739: "freely sacrified" corrected to "sacrificed"

Page 790: "Miss Isabella M. Hartshorn" corrected to "Hatshorne"

Page 791: "Miss Bettie Brodhead" corrected to "Broadhead"

Page 795: "Blackman, Miss M. A., 429, 430." corrected to "Blackmar"

Page 796: "Cassidy, Mrs. Mary A., 737." corrected to "Cassedy"

Page 796: "Englemann, Mrs. Mary, 791." corrected to Engleman

Page 797: Added final period to "Howe, Miss Abbie J., 458, 465, 466."

Page 798: "Molineaux, Miss, 791." corrected to "Molineux"

Page 798: "Royer, Miss Alice F., 713." corrected to "Royce"

Page 798: "Shephard, Miss N. A., 790." corrected to "Shepard"

Page 798: "Stevens, Miss Gertude, 537." corrected to "Gertrude"

Page 799: "Zimmermann, Mrs., 791" corrected to "Zimmerman"

* * * * *

Transcriber's Notes:

Illustrations originally printed in the middle of sentences have been

moved to the nearest paragraph break.

Footnotes have been moved to the paragraph break following the footnote

marker.

Because sections of this book were written by different people, accent,

spelling and hyphen usage is inconsistent. These inconsistencies have

been preserved except where noted below. Since page numbers have not

been preserved in this version, enough text has been retained for a

search to be effective:

Page 25: changed page number 3 to page number 19 for DEDICATION

Page 25: changed page number 5 to page number 21 for PREFACE

Page 25: added page numbers for TABLE OF CONTENTS and INTRODUCTION

Page 27: added period to "Visits Huntsville, Pulaski, etc."

Page 30: added period to "preparation of diet, etc."

Page 40: changed "e" to "e" in "Mrs. D'Oremieulx's departure for Europe"

Page 41: changed "e" to "e" in "made by the employes of the Association,"

Page 42: "Did you drop from heaven" had opening " printed as '

Page 45: "Mr. Stranahan chosen President" corrected to "Mrs. Stranahan"

Page 51: Removed period after Felton: Miss Felton--Louisville,

Page 51: "Mrs. Corven, of Hartford, Conn." corrected to "Cowen"

Page 51: Added period after Hartford, Conn. and Peoria, Ill.

Page 53: "MRS. MARIANNE F. STRANAHAN" not corrected to MARIAMNE

Page 66: "We need only recal" corrected to "recall"

Page 82: Deleted quotation mark before: In that little hamlet

Page 82: Deleted quotation mark before: "In one of the mountainous

Page 129: "franks of some of her frinds" corrected to "friends"

Page 137: "In all her journies Miss Gilson" corrected to "journeys"

Page 169: Changed "most econonomical" corrected to "most economical"

Page 191: Added close quote to: uncertainties of self-support."

Page 210: "Companies A. B, C.," corrected to Companies "A, B, C,"

Page 237: Added second close quote to: "Lincoln's hirelings.""

Page 292: Added close quote to: departure in copious tears."

Page 305: "earnest hope that yon alleviate suffering" corrected to "you"

Page 317: Changed double quotes to single quotes and added close quote

turning: heard her name "would rise up and call her blessed."

to: heard her name 'would rise up and call her blessed.'"

Page 353: Added period to "themselves in the service of their country."

Page 339: "'It is the man, you know," had opening ' printed as "

Page 375: "$115,876,93" corrected to "$115,876.93"

Page 386: ""develope that purity" corrected to "develop"

Page 456: "year in the hospitel." corrected to "hospital"

Page 457: Added opening quote to: Patient prayer and work

Page 462: Added close quote to: of the deceased to their friends."

Page 529: "physicial fatigue" corrected to "physical fatigue"

Page 537: "MRS. MARIANNE F. STRANAHAN" not corrected to MARIAMNE

Page 574: "wih the Branch Commissions" corrected to "with"

Page 577: "Charlestown (Mass)., Female Seminary" corrected to "(Mass.),"

Page 592: Opening " changed to ': 'for two miles it was all people

Page 609: "beleagured city" corrected to "beleaguered city"

Page 612: Added opening quote mark: "After a little, as the thought

Page 612: Added close single-quote: proud to have helped on the cause.'

Page 617: "This lady and Mrs. George Hoadly" corrected to "Hoadley"

Page 686: "Thoul't find warm sympathizing hearts" corrected to "Thou'lt"

Page 691: "destined to develope" corrected to "develop"

Page 732: "Miss Amy M. Bradley, Mrs. Balestier," corrected to "Balustier"

Page 739: "freely sacrified" corrected to "sacrificed"

Page 790: "Miss Isabella M. Hartshorn" corrected to "Hatshorne"

Page 791: "Miss Bettie Brodhead" corrected to "Broadhead"

Page 795: "Blackman, Miss M. A., 429, 430." corrected to "Blackmar"

Page 796: "Cassidy, Mrs. Mary A., 737." corrected to "Cassedy"

Page 796: "Englemann, Mrs. Mary, 791." corrected to Engleman

Page 797: Added final period to "Howe, Miss Abbie J., 458, 465, 466."

Page 798: "Molineaux, Miss, 791." corrected to "Molineux"

Page 798: "Royer, Miss Alice F., 713." corrected to "Royce"

Page 798: "Shephard, Miss N. A., 790." corrected to "Shepard"

Page 798: "Stevens, Miss Gertude, 537." corrected to "Gertrude"

Page 799: "Zimmermann, Mrs., 791" corrected to "Zimmerman"