sittings of the House of Commons. The House of Commons came into existence
in 1265, and at first sat in Westminster Hall with the House of Lords; but
in 1282 they parted, and from that time for nearly 300 years its meetings
were held in the precincts of Westminster Refectory (now destroyed), but
usually in the Chapter House, which was lent to the Commons by the Abbot
for that purpose. The Speaker probably sat in the Abbot's stall, and the
Members of Parliament in the seats of the Monks, and on the floor of the
house. To the central pillar were attached placards and notices relating
to the business or the conduct of the Members. Here were the debates on
all the Acts of Parliament, passed from the time of Edward I. till the
Reformation. There also were, from time to time, convened other assemblies
for special purposes. Henry V., in 1421, summoned a meeting of 60 Abbots
and Priors, and 300 Monks to discuss the reform of the Benedictine order;
and Wolsey, as Cardinal Legate, in 1523, summoned the convocations of
Canterbury and York, in order to be on a spot beyond the jurisdiction of
the Archbishop of Canterbury. The last Parliament which is known to have
sat here was that which was assembled on the last day of the reign of
Henry VIII. It will be seen that this building, from having for three
centuries been the seat of the House of Commons, has been the scene of the
chief acts which laid the foundation of civil and religious liberty of
England, and was the cradle of representative and constitutional
government, of Parliament, Legislative Chambers, and Congress throughout
the world.
III. On the dissolution of the Ancient Monastery in 1540, the Chapter
House passed into the possession of the Crown; from that time the Dean and
Chapter of Westminster have held their meetings in the Jerusalem Chamber.
In 1547, the first year of Edward VI., the House of Commons was
transferred to the Chapel of St. Stephen in the Palace of Westminster, in
which they remained till it was burned down in 1834. From that time till
1863 the Chapter House was used as the depository of the public records.
During this period it was fitted up with book-shelves, which disfigured
and concealed its beauties; its roof was taken down; its windows were
filled up; and it was divided into two stories. In 1865, after the removal
of the records to the Rolls House, in the 800th anniversary of the
foundation of the Chapter House, in the 600th anniversary of the House of
Commons, which it had so long sheltered, its restoration was undertaken at
the request of the Society of Antiquaries, by Mr. Gladstone, as Chancellor
of the Exchequer, and by Mr. Cowper Temple, as First Commissioner of
Works, and the requisite sum granted by Parliament for the repairs, which,
under Mr. Gilbert Scott, have restored it as nearly as possible to its
original state. The roof has been entirely rebuilt. The paintings, which
were concealed by the book-shelves, are now disclosed; those at the east
end, over the stalls of the Abbot and his four chief officers, are of the
14th century, and represent seraphs round the Throne of the Saviour. Those
round the walls were painted in the 15th century, by one of the monks of
the convent, named John of Northampton, and represent scenes from the
Revelation of St. John, with pictures of fishes, birds, and beasts
underneath. The figures on each side of the entrance, representing the
Angel and the Virgin Mary, are ancient. The central figure is modern, but
represents what was formerly there. The tiles on the floor, covered with
curious heraldic emblems, are also now seen for the first time. The
tracery of the windows has been restored after the model of the one which
had been left uninjured on the northwest side. It still remains for them
to be filled with stained glass, according to the original design.
INDEX.
Abbey founded, 3
---- rebuilt and endowed, 4
---- pulled down and enlarged, 4
---- Admission, Hours, &c. of, 2
Aberdeen, Earl of, 54
Addison, Joseph, 28, 101
Agar, Doctor, 69
Aiton, Sir Robert, 20
Albemarle, Dukes of, 24, 30
---- Duchess of, 24
Alfred, Prince, 25
Altar Decoration, 12
Amelia, Princess, 25
André, Major, 91
Anne, Queen, James II.'s Daughter, 24
---- Princess, 25
---- Queen of James I., 27
---- Queen of Richard II., 36
---- Queen of Richard III., 113
Anstey, Christopher, 107
Argyle, Duke of, 28, 104
Arnold, Dr. Samuel, 64
Athelgoda, Queen of King Sebert, 11
Atkyns, Edward, and Sons, 103
Bagenall, Nicholas, 19
Baillie, Dr. Matthew, 45
Baker, John, 71
Balchen, Admiral, 59
Banks, Thomas, 73
Bankes, Cornet W. G. Hawtrey, 53
Barnard, Bishop, 37
---- Major-Gen. Sir H. W., 53
Barrow, Isaac, D.D., 101
Barry, Sir Charles, 80
Bartleman, James, 123
Barton, Samuel, D.D., 114
Bath, Earl of, 32
Beauclerk, Lord, 61
Beaufoy, Mrs., 73
Beaumont, Francis, 115
Belasyse, Sir Henry, 30
Bell, Dr. Andrew, 98
Bentall, Harriet, 120
Bentinck, Archdeacon, 9
Beresford, Lieutenant, 41
Beverley, Countess of, 18
Bill, Dr. William, 11
Billson, Dr., 12
Bingham, Sir Richard, 93
Birch, Martha, 113
Blackwood, Sir Henry, 55
Blair and Bayne, Captains, 51
Blanch of the Tower, 14
Blois, Gervasius de, 118
Blow, John, Doc. Mus., 65
Bohun, Hugh de, and Mary, Grandchildren to Edward I., 38
Booth, Barton, 111
Boulter, Archbishop, 62
Bourchier, Lord, 32
Bourgchier, Sir Humphrey, 15
Bovey, Katherine, 86
Bradford, Bishop, 62
Bringfield, Colonel, 73
Brocas, Sir Bernard, 15
Bromley, Sir Thomas, 31
Broughton, John and Wife, 123
Browne, Thomas, 42
Brunel, I. K., 73
Bryan, Captain, 65
Buchan, Dr., 123
Buckingham, Countess of, 20
---- Dukes of, 27
---- Duchess of, 27
Buckland, Very Rev. W., D.D., 86
Buller, Right Hon. C., 56
Burland, Sir John, 97
Burleigh, Lady, 19
Burney, Dr. Charles, LL.D., 95
---- Chas. Mus. D., 64
Busby, Richard, D.D., 114
Butler, Samuel, 110
Buxton, Sir Thomas Fowell, 63
Byrcheston, Abbot, 119
Campbell, Sir Archibald, 102
---- Sir James, 102
---- Thomas, LL.D., 107
Camden, William, 99
Canning, George, 49
Canning, Lord, 49
Cannon, Robert, D.D., 87
Carew, Baron, and Lady, 19
Carey, Thomas, 38
---- Henry, Baron of Hunsdon, 38
Caroline, Queen, 25
---- Princess, 25
Carteret, Philip, 70
---- Edward de, 70
---- Elizabeth, Lady, 68
Casaubon, Isaac, 100
Catling, John, 120
Cecil, Lady, 18
Chamberlain, Hugh, M.D., 63
Chapel of St. Benedict, 10
---- St. Edmund, 13
---- St. Nicholas, 18
---- Henry VII., 21, 117
---- St. Paul, 30
---- St. Edward (& Shrine), 33
---- St. John, 40
---- Islip, Abbot, 40
---- St. John the Evangelist, 42
---- St. Andrew, 42
---- St. Michael, 42
Chardin, Sir John, 90
Charles II., 24
Chatham, Earl of, 51
Chaucer, Geoffrey, 111
Cherbury, Baron of, 16
Children of Henry III. & Edw. I., 12
Choir, New, 5
Cholmondeley, Viscount & Sons, 71
Churchill, George, 92
Clanrickard, Countess of, 75
Claypole, Elizabeth, 28
Cleves, Ann of, 113
Clifford, Lady, 18
Clyde, Lord, 80
Cobden, Richard, 57
Colchester, William of, 39
Conduit, John, 81
Congreve, William, 84
Cook, Benjamin, Doc. Mus., 122
Cooke, Captain Edward, 43
Cooper, Ensign Lovick Emilius, 53
Coote, Sir Eyre, 55
Cornewall, Captain, 82
Coronation Chairs, 36
Cottington, Lord and Lady, 32
Cottrell, Clement, 89
Courayer, Peter Francis, 118
Courcy, Almericus de, 66
Cowley, Abraham, 112
Coxe, Sir Richard, 100
Craggs, Secretary, 83
Creed, Richard, Major, 92
---- Richard, Lieutenant, 93
Crewe, Lady Juliana, 37
---- Jane, 37
Crispinus, Geslebertus, 118
Croft, William, Doc. Mus., 65
Crokesley, Abbot, 17
Crouchback, Edmund, 40
Cumberland, Dukes of, 25
D'Almade, Henry, 37
Dalrymple, William, 97
Daubeny, Lord, and Lady, 31
Davenant, Sir William, 114
Davidson, Susannah Jane, 44
Davis, Colonel, 75
Davy, Sir Humphrey, 43
Denham, Sir James Stewart, 70
Dickens, Charles, 105
Dimensions, 4, 22, 118
Dodd, James William, 119
Dorchester, Viscount, 32
Douglas, Lady Margaret, 22
Draiton, Michael, 110
Dryden, John, 113
Dudley, William de, 19
Dunbar, Viscount, 69
Duppa, Bishop, 41
---- Sir Thomas, 67
Duroure, Scipio and Alexander, 120
Eastney, Abbot, 41
Editha, Qn. to Edward the Confessor, 34
Edward the Confessor, 38
---- I., 37
---- III., and Children, 35
---- V., 29
---- VI., 26, 28
Edwardes, Sir H., 58
Egerton, James, 76
---- Penelope, 75
Eland, Lady, 39
Eleanor, Queen to Edward I., 34
Elizabeth, Queen, 29
---- Princess, 25
---- of Bohemia, 23
Eltham, John of, 13
Essex, Countess of, 32
Evremond, Lord of St., 108
Exeter, Earl of, 39
Fairborne, Sir Palmes, 90
Fairholm, Sophia, 97
Fane, Sir George, and Lady, 19
Fascet, Abbot, 39
Ferne, Bishop, 17
Filding, Ann, 89
Fire, 4
Fleming, James, 88
Fletcher, Lieutenant-Colonel, 77
Folkes, Martin, 93
Follett, Sir William Webb, 54
Forbes, Benjamin and Richard, 46
Fox, Right Hon. Charles James, 76
Frederick William, Prince, 25
Freke, Elizabeth and Judith, 96
Friend, John, M.D., 84
Fullerton, Sir James, and Lady, 31
Galofre, Sir John, 12
Garrick, David, 99
Gay, John, 105
Gell, William Egerton, 121
George II., 25
---- Prince, 24
Gethin, Grace, 96
Gifford, William, 99
Gloucester, Duke of, 23, 36
---- Duchess of, 16
Godolphin, Earl, 90
---- Charles, and Wife, 121
Goldsmith, Oliver, M.D., 104
Goodman, Gabriel, D.D., 10
Grabe, John Ernest, 99
Gray, Thomas, 109
Grote, George, 99
Guest, General, 59
Hales, Stephen, D.D., 100
Halifax, Earls of, 28, 58
---- Marquis of, 29
Handel, George Frederick, 102
Hanway, Jonas, 57
Harbord, Sir Charles, 89
Hardy, Sir Thomas, 81
Hargrave, General, 89
Harley, Anna Sophia, 19
Harpedon, Sir John, 42
Harrison, John, Rear Admiral, 98
Harsnet, Carola, 88
Hastings, Warren, 56
Hatton, Sir Christopher, 40
Haule, Robert, slain in the Choir, 115
Hawkes, Walter, 120
Hawkins, Enoch, 123
Henry III., 34
---- VII. and his Queen, 25
---- of Monmouth, 35
---- Prince of Wales, 23
Herbert, Edward, 72
Herries, Charles, 88
Hertford, Countess of, 10
Hervey and Hutt, Captains, 75
Heskett, Sir Thomas, and Lady, 63
Heylin, Peter, D.D., 68
Hill, Jane, 72
Holland, Baron, 77
Holles, Francis, 14
Holles, Sir George, 43
Holmes, Admiral, 33
Hope, Admiral Sir G., 77
---- Brigadier the Hon. Adrian, 53
---- General, 57
---- Mary, 103
Horneck, Dr., 114
---- William, 78
Horner, Francis, 56
Howe, Lord Viscount, 87
Hunter, John, 73
Hyde, Ann, Wife of James II., 23
Ingram, Sir Thomas, 20
Ireland, Dean, 87, 99
Islip, Abbot, 40
James I., 27
James, Dame Mary, 63
Johnstone, George Lindsay, 69
Jonson, Ben, 110
Julius, Captain William, 92
Kane, Richard, 62
Keble, John, 83
Kemble, John, 44
Kempenfelt, Admiral, 46
Kendall, Mrs., 39
---- James, 94
Kerry, Earl and Countess of, 45
Kildare, Countess of, 11
Killigrew, Robert, 73
King, William, 96
Kirk, Percy, 62
Kirton, Abbot, 45
---- Ann, 43
Kneller, Sir Godfrey, 96
Knights of the Bath, installation of, 24
Knipe, Thomas, 95
---- Captains John and Robert, 96
Knollys, Lady, 14
Lake, Colonel, 77
Lancaster, Countess of, 40
Langham, Archbishop, 10
Laurence, William, 120
Laurentius, Abbot, 118
Lawrence, General, 75
Legendary Sculptures, 36
Le Neve, Richard, 68
Levinz, William, 74
Lewis, Sir George Cornewall, 55
Ligonier, Field-Marshal Lord, 47
Livingstone, Doctor, 80
Locke, Joseph, R.A., 70
Londonderry, Marquis of, 52
Londonderry, Lady, 120
Lort, Sir Gilbert, 47
Loten, John Gideon, 72
Louisa, Princess, 25
Lytton, Edward Bulwer, 17
Macaulay, Lord, 102
---- Zachary, 78
Macintosh, Sir J., 76
Mackenzie, Hon. James Stuart, 104
Macleod, Lieutenant-Colonel, 30
Malcolm, Sir John, 48
Manners, Lord, 51
Manningham, General Coote, 58
Mansell, Thomas, 72
---- Edward, 72
Mansfield, William, Earl, 52
Margaret, Edward IV.'s Daughter, 36
Markham, William, 121
Mary I., Queen, 29
---- II., 24
---- Queen of Scots, 23
Mary, Daughter of James I., 29
Mason, William, 109
Matilda, Queen of England, 34
Maurice, Frederick Denison, 38
Mead, Richard, M.D., 71
Methuen, John, 95
---- Sir Paul, 95
Mexborough, Countess of, 39
Middlesex, Earl of, 11
Millyng, Bishop, 39
Milton, John, 109
Miserere, description of, 24
Monck, Bishop, 14
Monk, Bishop, 65
---- R., and Wife, 123
Montague, Captain, 76
---- Edward Wortley, 121
Montpensier, Duke of, 27
Moorsom, Capt. William Robert, 53
Morgan, William, 72
Mountrath, Earl and Countess of, 45
Murray, Sir Robert, 114
Newcastle, Dukes of, 49, 50
Newton, Sir Isaac, 78
Nightingale, J. Gascoigne, & Lady, 43
Norris, Lord, 44
North Aisle, 63
---- Transept, 47
North-west Tower, 76
Northumberland, Duchess of, 20
Novello, Vincent, 47
Octavius, Prince, 25
Organ, 5
Oughton, Sir James, 41
Outram, William, D.D., 101
---- General, 87
Owen, Thomas, 94
Oxford, Countess of, 19
Painted Glass, 9, 53, 73, 115
Palmerston, Lord, 51, 52
Paoli, Pasquale de, 94
Parry, Sir Thomas, 42
Pearce, Bishop, 85
Pecksall, Sir Richard, 15
Peel, Right Hon. Sir R., 47
Pembroke, Earl of, 16, 40
Perceval, Right Hon. Spencer, 71
Phillippa, Queen, 35
Phillips, John, 111
Pitt, Right Hon. William, 51, 81
Plenderleath, Dr. John, 67
Pocock, Sir George, 43
Pollock, Sir George, 80
Popham, Colonel, 38
Preston, George, 121
Price, Martha, 75
Prideaux, Sir Edmund, and Wife, 68
Priestman, Henry, 71
Pringle, Sir John, 100
Prior, Matthew, 108
Pritchard, Mrs., 106
Puckering, Sir John, 31
Pulpit, 80
Pulteney, Daniel, 118
Purcell, Henry, 65
Pym, John, 33
Radley, Bridget, 90
Raffles, Sir Thomas Stamford, 65
Rennell, Major, 78
Reredos, New, 6
Richard II., 36
Richardson, Sir Thomas, 98
Richmond, Duke of, 26
---- Duchess of, 26
---- Countess of, 23
Roberts, Humphrey, 42
---- John, 112
Robinson, Sir Thomas and Lady, 103
Robinson, Sir Lumley, 84
Ross, Lady, 20
Rowe, Nicholas and Daughter, 105
Rupert, Prince, 23
Russel, Lady, 14
---- Lord, and Son, 15
Ruthall, Bishop, 39
St. John, Lady, 19
Sandwich, Earl of, 30
Sanderson, Sir William, 59
Saunders, Clement, 48
Sausmarez, Captain Philip de, 64
Scott, Grace, 48
Screen at the back of the Organ, 78
Sebert, King, 11
Seymour, Lady Jane, 14
Shadwell, Thomas, 109
Shakspeare, 106
Sharp, Granville, 108
Shovel, Sir Cloudesley, 96
Shrewsbury, Earl of, and Lady, 15
Siddons, Mrs., 44
Smedley, Rev. Edward and Wife, 122
---- Francis, 121
Smith, John, 88
Somerset, Duchess of, 18, 44
Sophia, Daughter of James I., 29
South Aisle, 83
---- Transept, 99
South, Robert, D.D., 113
Southey, Robert, 107
Spelman, Sir Henry, 20
Spencer, Edmund, 110
Spotswood, Archbishop, 11
Sprat, Bishop, 20, 84
---- Archdeacon, 20, 85
---- George, 11
Stafford, Earls of, 13, 14
---- Countess of, 14, 16
Stag, Motto on a, 101
Stained Glass Windows, 53
Stanhope, Earls of, 79
---- Charles Banks, 78
Stanley, Lady Augusta, 21
Stanley, Sir Humphrey, 18
Staunton, Sir George, 67
Stephenson, Robert, 70, 80
Stepney, George, 95
Stewart, Arabella; 23
---- Captain John, 72
Storr, Admiral, 47
Strode, General, 92
Stuart, Hon. Sir Charles, 46
---- Esme, heart of, 26
Suffolk, Duchess of, 14
Sussex, Countess of, 32
Sutton, Rev. E. L., 67
Sword and Shield, 36
Taylor, Sir Robert, 99
Telford, Thomas, 45
Temple, Diana, 89
Teviot, Viscount, 69
Thackeray, W., 102
Thomas, Bishop, 86
Thomson, James, 106
Thornburgh, Gilbert, 71
Thynne, Capt. William Frederick, 53
---- Thomas, murdered, 92
Thynne, William, 98
Tierney, George, 77
Tompion and Graham, 80
Totty, Admiral, 45
Townshend, Colonel, 90
Trigge, General Sir Thomas, 93
Triplett, Thomas, D.D., 101
Tudor, Elizabeth, 34
Tufton, Richard, 17
Twysden, Heneage, 74
Tyrrell, Admiral, 85
Usher, Archbishop, 33
Valence, William de, 16
Valois, Katharine, 20
Vaughan, Sir Thomas, 38
Vaults, Royal, 25, 26
Vere, Sir Francis, 43
Vernon, Admiral, 50
Vialls, Thomas, 119
Villettes, Lieutenant-General, 46
Villiers, Sir George, 20
Vincent, Hannah, 47
---- William, 114
Vitalis, Abbot, 118
Wade, General, 87
Wager, Admiral, 51
Waldeby, Robert de, 16
Wales, Prince and Princess of, 25
Walpole, Lady, 24
Walsh, General, 119
Waltham, Bishop, 37
Warren, Sir Peter, 48
---- Bishop, and Lady, 54, 60
Watson, Admiral, 59
Watt, James, 31
Watts, Isaac, D.D., 94
Webber, Edward Augustus, 121
Wemyss, Ann, 97
Wesley, John and Charles, 95
West, Admiral, 68
West End of the Nave, 78
Westmoreland, Countess of, 69
Wetenhall, Edward, M.D., 100
Wharton, Henry, 83
Whytell, Ann, 72
Wilberforce, William, 66
Willcocks, Bishop, 85
William III., 24
Williams, Charles, 69
Wilson, Sir A. and Lady, 73
Winchester, Marchioness of, 19
Windsor, William of, 14
---- John of, 33
Wintringham, Sir Clifton, 57
Wolfe, General, 41
Woodfall, Elizabeth, 123
Woodford, Lieut.-Col. Charles J., 53
Woodward, John, M.D., 74
Woollett, William, 123
Wordsworth, William, 83
Wragg, William, 96
Wyat, James, 100
York, Duke of, 25
---- Duchess of, 20
Young, Dr., 44
[Illustration: GROUND PLAN OF WESTMINSTER ABBEY.]
Transcriber's Notes:
Passages in italics are indicated by _italics_.
The original text includes Greek characters that have been replaced with
transliterations in this text version.
The original text includes a letter "E" inside of a letter "C". This is
represented as [CE] in this text version.