WINNEBAGO LAKE--MISS FOUR-LEGS
Our encampment this night was the most charming that can be imagined.
Owing to the heavy service the men had gone through, in the earlier
part of the day, we took but a short stage for the afternoon, and
having pulled some seven or eight miles to a spot a short distance
below the "little Butte,"[33] we drew in at a beautiful opening among
the trees.
The soldiers now made a regular business of encamping by cutting down
a large tree for their fire, and applying themselves to the preparing
of a sufficient quantity of food for their next day's journey, a
long stretch, namely, of twenty-one miles across Winnebago Lake. Our
Frenchmen did the same. The fire caught in the light dry grass by which
we were surrounded, and soon all was blaze and crackle.
Fortunately the wind was sufficient to take the flames all in one
direction, and besides, there was not enough fuel to have made them a
subject of any alarm. We hopped upon the fallen logs, and dignified the
little circumscribed affair with the name of "a prairie on fire." The
most serious inconvenience was its having consumed all the dry grass,
some armfuls of which, spread under the bearskin in my tent, I had
found, the night before, a great improvement to my place of repose.
Our supper was truly delightful, at the pleasant sunset hour, under
the tall trees beside the waters that ran murmuring by; and when the
bright, broad moon arose, and shed her flood of light over the scene,
so wild yet so beautiful in its vast solitude, I felt that I might well
be an object of envy to the friends I had left behind.
But all things have an end, and so must at last my enthusiasm for the
beauties around me, and, albeit unwillingly, I closed my tent, and
took my place within, so near the fall of canvas that I might raise it
occasionally and peep forth upon the night.
In time all was quiet. The men had become silent, and appeared to have
retired to rest, and we were just sinking to our slumbers, when a heavy
tread and presently a bluff voice were heard outside.
"Mr. Kinzie--Mr. Kinzie!"
"Who is there? What is it?"
"I'm Christman; didn't you mean, sir, that the men should have any
liquor to-night?"
"Of course I did. Has not Kilgour given out your rations?"
"No! he says you did not say anything particular about it, and he was
not coming to ask you if you forgot it; but I thought I wouldn't be
bashful--I'd just come and ask."
"That is right. Tell Kilgour I should like to have him serve out a
ration apiece."
"Thank you, sir," in a most cheerful tone; "I'll tell him."
Christman was getting to be quite a character with us.
A row of a few miles, on the following morning, brought us to
Four-Legs' village,[H] at the entrance to Winnebago Lake, a picturesque
cluster of Indian huts, spread around on a pretty green glade, and
shaded by fine lofty trees.
[Footnote H: The site of the town of Nee-nah.]
We were now fairly in the Winnebago country, and I soon learned that
the odd-sounding name of the place was derived from the principal chief
of the nation, whose residence it was. The inhabitants were absent,
having, in all probability, departed to their wintering grounds. We
here took leave of our friend Wish-tay-yun, at the borders of whose
country we had now arrived.
"_Bon-jour, Chon!_" (John) "_Bon-jour, maman._" A hearty shake of the
hand completed his adieu, as we pushed off into the lake, and left him
smoking his kin-nee-kin-nick,[I] and waiting until the spirit should
move him to take up his long _Indian trot_ towards his home in the
Menomonee country.
[Footnote I: The bark of the red willow, scraped fine, which is
preferred by the Indians to tobacco.]
With him our sunshine seemed to have departed. The skies, hitherto so
bright and serene, became overcast, and instead of the charming voyage
we had anticipated over the silver waters of the lake, we were obliged
to keep ourselves housed under our canvas shelter, only peeping out now
and then, to catch a glimpse of the surrounding prospect through the
pouring rain.
It was what might have been expected on an autumnal day, but we were
unreasonable enough to find it tedious; so, to beguile the time and
lessen my disappointment, my husband related to me some incidents of
his early history, apropos to the subject of "Four-Legs."
While he was living at Prairie du Chien, in the employ of the American
Fur Company, the chiefs and other Indians, from the Upper Mississippi,
used frequently to come to the place to sell their furs and peltries,
and to purchase merchandise, ammunition, trinkets, &c.
[Illustration: FOUR-LEG'S VILLAGE
Entrance to Winnebago Lake (the present town of Neenah). From a sketch
by Mrs. Kinzie, in original Edition.]
As is usual with all who are not yet acclimated, he was seized with
chills and fever. One day, while suffering with an unusually severe
access of the latter, a chief of the Four-Legs family, a brother to
the one before-mentioned, came in to the Company's warehouse to trade.
There is no ceremony or restraint among the Indians, so hearing that
Shaw-nee-aw-kee was sick, Four-Legs instantly made his way to him, to
offer his sympathy and prescribe the proper remedies.
Every one who has suffered from ague and the intense fever that
succeeds it, knows how insupportable is the protracted conversation
of an inconsiderate person, and will readily believe that the longer
Four-Legs continued his pratings the higher mounted the fever of the
patient, and the more intolerable became the pain of head, back, and
limbs.
At length the old man arrived at the climax of what he had to say. "It
was not good for a young man, suffering with sickness, and away from
his family, to be without a home and a wife. He had a nice daughter at
home, handsome and healthy, a capital nurse, the best hand in all the
tribe at trapping beaver and musk-rats. He was coming down again in the
spring, and he would bring her with him, and Shaw-nee-aw-kee should see
that he had told no falsehood about her. Should he go now, and bring
his daughter the next time he came?"
Stunned with his importunate babble, and anxious only for rest and
quiet, poor Shaw-nee-aw-kee eagerly assented, and the chief took his
departure.
So nearly had his disorder been aggravated to delirium, that the young
man forgot entirely, for a time, the interview and the proposal which
had been made him. But it was recalled to his memory some months
after, when Four-Legs made his appearance, bringing with him a squaw
of mature age, and a very Hecate for ugliness. She carried on her
shoulders an immense pack of furs, which, approaching with her awkward
_criss-cross_ gait, she threw at his feet, thus marking, by an Indian
custom, her sense of the relation that existed between them.
The conversation with her father now flashed across his mind, and he
began to be sensible that he had got into a position that it would
require some skill to extricate himself from.
He bade one of the young clerks take up the pack and carry it into the
magazine where the furs were stored, then he coolly went on talking
with the chief about indifferent matters.
_Miss Four-Legs_ sat awhile with a sulky, discontented air, at length
she broke out,
"Humph! he seems to take no more notice of me than if I was nobody!"
He again turned to the clerk--"Give her a calico shirt and half a dozen
bread tickets."
This did not dissipate the gloom on her countenance. Finding that he
must commence the subject, the father says,
"Well, I have brought you my daughter, according to our agreement. How
do you like her?"
"Ah! yes, she is a very nice young woman, and would make a first-rate
wife, I have no doubt. But do you know a very strange thing has
happened since you were here? Our father, Governor Cass,[J] has sent
for me to come to Detroit; that he may send me among the Wyandots and
other nations to learn their customs and manners. Now, if I go, as I
shall be obliged to do, I shall be absent two or three years--perhaps
four. What then? Why, the people will say, Shaw-nee-aw-kee has married
Four-Legs' daughter, and then has hated her and run away from her, and
so everybody will laugh at her, and she will be ashamed. It will be
better to take some good, valuable presents, blankets, guns, &c., and
to marry her to one of her own people, who will always stay by her and
take care of her."
[Footnote J: General Cass was then Governor of Michigan, and
Superintendent of the North-western Indians.]
The old man was shrewd enough to see that it was wisest to make the
best bargain he could. I have no doubt it cost a round sum to settle
the matter to the satisfaction of the injured damsel, though I have
never been able to ascertain how much. This, I know, that the young
gentleman took care not to make his next bargain while in a fit of the
ague. The lady up on the Mississippi is called, in derision, by his
name to this day.
About midway of the lake we passed Garlic Island[34]--a lovely spot,
deserving of a more attractive name. It belonged, together with
the village on the opposite shore, to "Wild Cat," a fat, jolly,
good-natured fellow, by no means the formidable animal his name would
imply.
He and his band were absent, like their neighbors of Four-Legs village,
so there was nothing to vary the monotony of our sail. It was too wet
to sing, and the men, although wrapped in their overcoats, looked like
drowned chickens. They were obliged to ply their oars with unusual
vigor to keep themselves warm and comfortable, and thus probably felt
less than we, the dullness and listlessness of the cold, rainy, October
day.
Towards evening the sun shone forth. We had passed into the Fox River,
and were just entering that beautiful little expanse known as Butte des
Morts Lake, at the further extremity of which we were to encamp for the
night.
The water along its shores was green with the fields of wild rice, the
gathering of which, just at this season, is an important occupation of
the Indian women. They push their canoes into the thick masses of the
rice, bend it forward over the side with their paddles, and then beat
the ripe husks off the stalks into a cloth spread in the canoe. After
this, it is rubbed to separate the grain from the husk, and fanned in
the open air. It is then put in their cordage bags and packed away for
winter use. The grain is longer and more slender than the Carolina
rice--it is of a greenish, olive color, and, although it forms a
pleasant article of food, it is far from being particularly nutritive.
The Indians are fond of it in the form of soup, with the addition of
birds or venison.[35]