Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they
are listed at the end of the text.
* * * * *
In this version [=e] signifies "e macron"; [)e] "e breve"; [.e] "e with dot
above"; and so forth.
CHAMBERS'S
TWENTIETH CENTURY DICTIONARY
OF THE
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
PRONOUNCING, EXPLANATORY, ETYMOLOGICAL, WITH COMPOUND PHRASES,
TECHNICAL TERMS IN USE IN THE ARTS AND SCIENCES,
COLLOQUIALISMS, FULL APPENDICES, AND
COPIOUSLY ILLUSTRATED
EDITED BY
REV. THOMAS DAVIDSON
ASSISTANT-EDITOR OF 'CHAMBERS'S ENCYCLOPÆDIA'
EDITOR OF 'CHAMBERS'S ENGLISH DICTIONARY'
LONDON: 47 Paternoster Row
W. & R. CHAMBERS, LIMITED
EDINBURGH: 339 High Street
1908
EXPLANATIONS TO THE STUDENT.
THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE WORDS.--Every word is given in its _alphabetical_
order, except in cases where, to save space, derivatives are given after
and under the words from which they are derived. Each uncompounded verb has
its participles, when irregular, placed after it. Exceptional plurals are
also given. When a word stands after another, with no meaning given, its
meanings can be at once formed from those of the latter, by adding the
signification of the affix: thus the meanings of _Darkness_ are obtained by
prefixing the meaning of _ness_, _state of being_, to those of _Dark_.
Many words from French and other tongues, current in English usage, but not
yet fairly Anglicised, are inserted in the list of Foreign Phrases, &c., at
the end, rather than in the body of the Dictionary.
THE PRONUNCIATION.--The Pronunciation is given immediately after each word,
by the word being spelled anew. In this new spelling, every consonant used
has its ordinary unvarying sound, _no consonant being employed that has
more than one sound_. The same sounds are always represented by the same
letters, no matter how varied their actual spelling in the language. No
consonant used has any mark attached to it, with the one exception of _th_,
which is printed in common letters when sounded as in _thick_, but in
italics when sounded as in _th_en. _Unmarked vowels_ have always their
short sounds, as in _lad_, _led_, _lid_, _lot_, _but_, _book_. The _marked
vowels_ are shown in the following line, which is printed at the top of
each page:--
f[=a]te, fär; m[=e], h[.e]r; m[=i]ne; m[=o]te; m[=u]te; m[=oo]n; _th_en.
The vowel _u_ when marked thus, _ü_, has the sound heard in Scotch _bluid_,
_gude_, the French _du_, almost that of the German _ü_ in _Müller_. Where
more than one pronunciation of a word is given, that which is placed first
is more accepted.
THE SPELLING.--When more than one form of a word is given, that which is
placed first is the spelling in current English use. Unfortunately our
modern spelling does not represent the English we actually speak, but
rather the language of the 16th century, up to which period, generally
speaking, English spelling was mainly phonetic, like the present German.
The fundamental principle of all rational spelling is no doubt the
representation of every sound by an invariable symbol, but in modern
English the usage of pronunciation has drifted far from the conventional
forms established by a traditional orthography, with the result that the
present spelling of our written speech is to a large extent a mere exercise
of memory, full of confusing anomalies and imperfections, and involving an
enormous and unnecessary strain on the faculties of learners. Spelling
reform is indeed an imperative necessity, but it must proceed with a wise
moderation, for, in the words of Mr Sweet, 'nothing can be done without
unanimity, and until the majority of the community are convinced of the
superiority of some one system unanimity is impossible.' The true path of
progress should follow such wisely moderate counsels as those of Dr J. A.
H. Murray:--the dropping of the final or inflexional silent _e_; the
restoration of the historical _-t_ after breath consonants; uniformity in
the employment of double consonants, as in _traveler_, &c.; the discarding
of _ue_ in words like _demagogue_ and _catalogue_; the uniform levelling of
the agent _-our_ into _-or_; the making of _ea = [)e]_ short into _e_ and
the long _ie_ into _ee_; the restoration of _some_, _come_, _tongue_, to
their old English forms, _sum_, _cum_, _tung_; a more extended use of _z_
in the body of words, as _chozen_, _praize_, _raize_; and the correction of
the worst individual monstrosities, as _foreign_, _scent_, _scythe_,
_ache_, _debt_, _people_, _parliament_, _court_, _would_, _sceptic_,
_phthisis_, _queue_, _schedule_, _twopence-halfpenny_, _yeoman_, _sieve_,
_gauge_, _barque_, _buoy_, _yacht_, &c.
Already in America a moderate degree of spelling reform may be said to be
established in good usage, by the adoption of _-or_ for _-our_, as _color_,
_labor_, &c.; of _-er_ for _-re_, as _center_, _meter_, &c.; _-ize_ for
_-ise_, as _civilize_, &c.; the use of a uniform single consonant after an
unaccented vowel, as _traveler_ for _traveller_; the adoption of _e_ for
_oe_ or _æ_ in _hemorrhage_, _diarrhea_, &c.
THE MEANINGS.--The current and most important meaning of a word is usually
given first. But in cases like _Clerk_, _Livery_, _Marshal_, where the
force of the word can be made much clearer by tracing its history, the
original meaning is also given, and the successive variations of its usage
defined.
THE ETYMOLOGY.--The Etymology of each word is given after the meanings,
within brackets. Where further information regarding a word is given
elsewhere, it is so indicated by a reference. It must be noted under the
etymology that whenever a word is printed thus, BAN, BASE, the student is
referred to it; also that here the sign--is always to be read as meaning
'derived from.' Examples are generally given of words that are cognate or
correspond to the English words; but it must be remembered that they are
inserted merely for illustration. Such words are usually separated from the
rest by a semicolon. For instance, when an English word is traced to its
Anglo-Saxon form, and then a German word is given, no one should suppose
that our English word is derived from the German. German and Anglo-Saxon
are alike branches from a common Teutonic stem, and have seldom borrowed
from each other. Under each word the force of the prefix is usually given,
though not the affix. For fuller explanation in such cases the student is
referred to the list of Prefixes and Suffixes in the Appendix.
* * * * *
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS DICTIONARY.
_aor._ aorist.
_abbrev._ abbreviation.
_abl._ ablative.
_acc._ according.
_accus._ accusative.
_adj._ adjective.
_adv._ adverb.
_agri._ agriculture.
_alg._ algebra.
_anat._ anatomy.
_app._ apparently.
_arch._ archaic.
_archit._ architecture.
_arith._ arithmetic.
_astrol._ astrology.
_astron._ astronomy.
_attrib._ attributive.
_augm._ augmentative.
_B._ Bible.
_biol._ biology.
_book-k._ book-keeping.
_bot._ botany.
_c._ (_circa_) about.
_c._, _cent._ century.
_carp._ carpentry.
_cf._ compare.
_chem._ chemistry.
_cog._ cognate.
_coll._, _colloq._ colloquially.
_comp._ comparative.
_conch._ conchology.
_conj._ conjunction.
_conn._ connected.
_contr._ contracted.
_cook._ cookery.
_corr._ corruption.
_crystal._ crystallography.
_dat._ dative.
_demons._ demonstrative.
_der._ derivation.
_dial._ dialect, dialectal.
_Dict._ Dictionary.
_dim._ diminutive.
_dub._ doubtful.
_eccles._ ecclesiastical history.
_e.g._ for example.
_elect._ electricity.
_entom._ entomology.
_esp._ especially.
_ety._ etymology.
_fem._ feminine.
_fig._ figuratively.
_fol._ followed; following.
_fort._ fortification.
_freq._ frequentative.
_fut._ future.
_gen._ genitive.
_gener._ generally.
_geog._ geography.
_geol._ geology.
_geom._ geometry.
_ger._ gerundive.
_gram._ grammar.
_gun._ gunnery.
_her._ heraldry.
_hist._ history.
_hort._ horticulture.
_hum._ humorous.
_i.e._ that is.
_imit._ imitative.
_imper._ imperative.
_impers._ impersonal.
_indic._ indicative.
_infin._ infinitive.
_inten._ intensive.
_interj._ interjection.
_interrog._ interrogative.
_jew._ jewellery.
_lit._ literally.
_mach._ machinery.
_masc._ masculine.
_math._ mathematics.
_mech._ mechanics.
_med._ medicine.
_metaph._ metaphysics.
_mil._ military.
_Milt._ Milton.
_min._ mineralogy.
_mod._ modern.
_Mt._ Mount.
_mus._ music.
_myth._ mythology.
_n._, _ns._ noun, nouns.
_nat. hist._ natural history.
_naut._ nautical.
_neg._ negative.
_neut._ neuter.
_n.pl._ noun plural.
_n.sing._ noun singular.
_N.T._ New Testament.
_obs._ obsolete.
_opp._ opposed.
_opt._ optics.
_orig._ originally.
_ornith._ ornithology.
_O.S._ old style.
_O.T._ Old Testament.
_p._, _part._ participle.
_p.adj._ participial adjective.
_paint._ painting.
_paleog._ paleography.
_paleon._ paleontology.
_palm._ palmistry.
_pa.p._ past participle.
_pass._ passive.
_pa.t._ past tense.
_path._ pathology.
_perf._ perfect.
_perh._ perhaps.
_pers._ person.
_pfx._ prefix.
_phil._, _philos._ philosophy.
_philol._ philology.
_phon._ phonetics.
_phot._ photography.
_phrenol._ phrenology.
_phys._ physics.
_physiol._ physiology.
_pl._ plural.
_poet._ poetical.
_pol. econ._ political economy.
_poss._ possessive.
_Pr.Bk._ Book of Common
Prayer.
_pr.p._ present participle.
_prep._ preposition.
_pres._ present.
_print._ printing.
_priv._ privative.
_prob._ probably.
_Prof._ Professor.
_pron._ pronoun;
pronounced;
pronunciation.
_prop._ properly.
_pros._ prosody.
_prov._ provincial.
_q.v._ which see.
_R.C._ Roman Catholic.
_recip._ reciprocal.
_redup._ reduplication.
_refl._ reflexive.
_rel._ related; relative.
_rhet._ rhetoric.
_sculp._ sculpture.
_Shak._ Shakespeare.
_sig._ signifying.
_sing._ singular.
_spec._ specifically.
_Spens_. Spenser.
_subj._ subjunctive.
_suff._ suffix.
_superl._ superlative.
_surg._ surgery.
_term._ termination.
_teleg._ telegraphy.
_Tenn._ Tennyson.
_Test._ Testament.
_theat._ theatre; theatricals.
_theol._ theology.
_trig._ trigonometry.
_ult._ ultimately.
_v.i._ verb intransitive.
_voc._ vocative.
_v.t._ verb transitive.
_vul._ vulgar.
_zool._ zoology.
* * * * *
Amer. American.
Ar. Arabic.
A.S. Anglo-Saxon.
Austr. Australian.
Bav. Bavarian.
Beng. Bengali.
Bohem. Bohemian.
Braz. Brazilian.
Bret. Breton.
Carib. Caribbean.
Celt. Celtic.
Chal. Chaldean.
Chin. Chinese.
Corn. Cornish.
Dan. Danish.
Dut. Dutch.
Egypt. Egyptian.
Eng. English.
Finn. Finnish.
Flem. Flemish.
Fr. French.
Fris. Frisian.
Gael. Gaelic.
Ger. German.
Goth. Gothic.
Gr. Greek.
Heb. Hebrew.
Hind. Hindustani.
Hung. Hungarian.
Ice. Icelandic.
Ind. Indian.
Ion. Ionic.
Ir. Irish.
It. Italian.
Jap. Japanese.
Jav. Javanese.
L. Latin.
Lith. Lithuanian.
L. L. Low or Late Latin.
M. E. Middle English.
Mex. Mexican.
Norm. Norman.
Norw. Norwegian.
O. Fr. Old French.
Pers. Persian.
Peruv. Peruvian.
Pol. Polish.
Port. Portuguese.
Prov. Provençal.
Rom. Romance.
Russ. Russian
Sans. Sanskrit.
Scand. Scandinavian.
Scot. Scottish.
Singh. Singhalese.
Slav. Slavonic.
Sp. Spanish.
Sw. Swedish.
Teut. Teutonic.
Turk. Turkish.
U.S. United States.
W. Welsh.
* * * * *
CHAMBERS'S
TWENTIETH CENTURY
DICTIONARY.
* * * * *
N the fourteenth letter and eleventh consonant of our alphabet, a
nasal-dental: (_chem._) the symbol for nitrogen: (_math._) an indefinite
constant whole number, esp. the degree of a quantic or an equation: as a
numeral, formerly, N=90, and ([=N])=90,000.
NA, nä, a Scotch form of _no_.
NAB, nab, _v.t._ to seize suddenly:--_pr.p._ nab'bing; _pa.p._ nabbed. [Sw.
_nappa_; Dan. _nappe_, to catch.]
NAB, nab, _n._ a hill-top: the projecting cavity fixed to the jamb of a
door to receive the latch or bolt: (_obs._) a hat. [For _knab_=_knap_.]
NABATÆAN, nab-a-t[=e]'an, _adj._ of or pertaining to a once powerful Arab
people who formerly dwelt on the east and south-east of Palestine,
identified by some with the _Nebaioth_ of Isa. lx. 7, the _Nabathites_ of 1
Maccab. v. 25.--Also NABATH[=E]'AN.
NABK, nabk, _n._ one of the plants in the crown of thorns (_Zizyphus
Spina-Christi_). [Prob. Ar.]
NABOB, n[=a]'bob, _n._ a deputy or governor under the Mogul Empire: a
European who has enriched himself in the East: any man of great wealth.
[Corr. of Hind. _nawwâb_, a deputy, from Ar. _naww[=a]b_, pl. (used as
sing.) of _n[=a]ib_, a deputy.]
NACARAT, nak'a-rat, _n._ a light-red colour, scarlet: a fabric of this
colour. [Fr.]
NACKET, nak'et, _n._ (_Scot._) a small cake, luncheon.
NACRE, n[=a]'kr, _n._ mother-of-pearl.--_adj._ iridescent.--_adj._
N[=A]'CREOUS, consisting of nacre: having a pearly lustre. [Fr.,--Ar.
_nak[=i]r_, hollowed.]
NADIR, n[=a]'dir, _n._ the point of the heavens diametrically opposite to
the zenith: the lowest point of anything. [Fr.,--Ar. _naz[=i]r_, from
_nazara_, to be like.]
NÆVUS, n[=e]'vus, _n._ a birth-mark: a congenital growth strictly on a part
of the skin, whether a _pigmentary nævus_ or mole, or a _vascular naevus_
or overgrowth of capillary blood-vessels--also _Mother-spot_ or
_Birth-mark_--also NÆVE, NEVE:--_pl._ NÆ'V[=I].--_adjs._ NÆ'VOID, NÆ'VOUS,
NÆ'VOSE. [L.]
NAG, nag, _n._ a horse, but particularly a small one--(_Scot._) NAIG:
(_Shak._) a jade. [M. E. _nagge_--Mid. Dut. _negge_, _negghe_ (mod. Dut.
_negge_); cf. _Neigh._]
NAG, nag, _v.t._ to worry or annoy continually: to tease or vex: to find
fault with constantly:--_pr.p._ nag'ging; _pa.p._ nagged.--_n._ NAG'GER.
[Cf. _Gnaw_.]
NAGA, nä'ga, _n._ the name of deified serpents in Hindu mythology.
NAGARI. See DEVA-NAGARI.
NAIAD, n[=a]'yad, _n._ a water-nymph or a goddess, presiding over rivers
and springs:--_pl._ NAI'ADES. [L. and Gr. _naias_, _naiados_, from _naein_,
to flow.]
NAIANT, n[=a]'yant, _adj._ floating: (_her._) swimming, as a fish placed
horizontally across a shield. [L. _nans_, _nantis_, pr.p. of _nat[=a]re_,
to swim.]
NAÏF, nä-[=e]f', NAÏVE, nä-[=e]v', _adj._ with natural or unaffected
simplicity, esp. in thought, manners, or speech: artless:
ingenuous.--_adv._ NAÏVE'LY.--_n._ NAÏVETÉ (nä-[=e]v-t[=a]'), natural
simplicity and unreservedness of thought, manner, or speech. [Fr. _naïf_,
fem, _naïve_--L. _nativus_, native--_nasci_, _natus_, to be born.]
NAIL, n[=a]l, _n._ one of the flattened, elastic, horny plates placed as
protective coverings on the dorsal surface of the terminal phalanges of the
fingers and toes: the claw of a bird or other animal: a thin pointed piece
of metal for fastening wood: a measure of length (2¼ inches):--_v.t._ to
fasten with nails: to make certain: to confirm, pin down, hold fast: to
catch or secure through promptitude; to trip up or expose.--_ns._
NAIL'-BRUSH, a small brush for cleaning the nails; NAIL'ER, one whose trade
is to make nails; NAIL'ERY, a place where nails are made.--_adj._
NAIL'-HEAD'ED, having a head like that of a nail: formed like nail-heads,
said of ornamental marks on cloth and on certain kinds of mouldings
(_dog-tooth_).--_n._ NAIL'-ROD, a strip cut from an iron plate to be made
into nails: a trade name for a strong kind of manufactured tobacco.--NAIL
TO THE COUNTER, to expose publicly as false, from the habit of nailing a
counterfeit coin to a shop counter.--DRIVE A NAIL IN ONE'S COFFIN (see
COFFIN); HIT THE NAIL ON THE HEAD, to touch the exact point; ON THE NAIL,
on the spot: immediately: without delay. [A.S. _nægel_; Ger. _nagel_.]
NAINSELL, n[=a]n'sel, _n._ own self--_Highland Scotch_.
NAINSOOK, n[=a]n's[=oo]k, _n._ a kind of muslin like jaconet, both plain
and striped. [Hind.]
NAISSANT, n[=a]s'sant, _adj._ (_her._) rising or coming forth, as an animal
newly born or about to be born. [Fr., pr.p. of _naître_--L. _nasci_,
_natus_, to be born.]
NAÏVE. See NAÏF.
NAKED, n[=a]'ked, _adj._ without clothes: uncovered: open to view:
unconcealed: evident: unarmed: defenceless: unprovided: without addition or
ornament: simple: artless: (_bot._) without the usual covering.--_adv._
N[=A]'KEDLY.--_n._ N[=A]'KEDNESS.--NAKED EYE, the eye unassisted by glasses
of any kind; NAKED LADY, the meadow-saffron.--STARK NAKED, entirely naked.
[A.S. _nacod_; Ger. _nackt_.]
NAKER, n[=a]'ker, _n._ a kettledrum. [O. Fr.,--Ar.]
NAM, nam, _n._ an obsolete law term for distraint.--_n._ NAM[=A]'TION.
[A.S. _niman_, pa.t. _nam_, to take.]
NAMBY-PAMBY, nam'bi-pam'bi, _n._ silly talking or writing.--_adj._
sentimental, affectedly pretty.--_v.t._ to coddle. [H. Carey's nickname for
_Ambrose_ Philips (1671-1749), from his childish odes to children.]
NAME, n[=a]m, _n._ that by which a person or a thing is known or called: a
designation: that which is said of a person: reputed character: reputation:
fame: celebrity: remembrance: a race or family: appearance, not reality:
authority: behalf: assumed character of another: (_gram._) a noun.--_v.t._
to give a name to: to designate: to speak of or to call by name: to mention
for a post or office: to nominate: to mention formally by name a person in
the House of Commons as guilty of disorderly conduct.--_adjs._ NAM'ABLE,
NAME'ABLE; NAME'LESS, without a name: undistinguished: indescribable;
NAME'WORTHY, distinguished.--_adv._ NAME'LESSLY.--_n._
NAME'LESSNESS.--_adv._ NAME'LY, by name: that is to say.--_ns._
NAME'-PLATE, a plate of metal having on it the name of a person, usually
affixed to a door or a gate; NAM'ER; NAME'SAKE, one bearing the same name
as another for his sake.--NAME THE DAY, to fix a day, esp. for a
marriage.--CALL NAMES, to nickname; CHRISTIAN NAME (see CHRISTIAN); IN NAME
OF, on behalf of: by the authority of; PROPER NAME, a name given to a
particular person, place, or thing; TAKE A NAME IN VAIN, to use a name
lightly or profanely. [A.S. _nama_; Ger. _name_; L. _nomen_.]
NANCY, nan'si, _n._ an effeminate young man, often a 'Miss Nancy.'--NANCY
PRETTY, a corruption of _none so pretty_, the _Saxifraga umbrosa_.
NANDINE, nan'din, _n._ a small West African paradoxure, with spotted sides.
NANDU, NANDOO, nan'd[=oo], _n._ the South American ostrich.
NANISM, n[=a]'nizm, _n._ dwarfishness.--_n._ NANIS[=A]'TION, the artificial
dwarfing of trees.--_adj._ N[=A]'NOID. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _nanos_, a dwarf.]
NANKEEN, nan-k[=e]n', _n._ a buff-coloured cotton cloth first made at
_Nankin_ in China: (_pl._) clothes, esp. breeches, made of nankeen.--Also
NANKIN'.
NANNY, nan'i, _n._ a female goat.--Also NANN'Y-GOAT.
NAP, nap, _n._ a short sleep.--_v.i._ to take a short sleep: to feel drowsy
and secure:--_pr.p._ nap'ping; _pa.p._ napped.--CATCH NAPPING, to come upon
unprepared. [A.S. _hnappian_; cf. Ger. _nicken_, to nod.]
NAP, nap, _n._ the woolly substance on the surface of cloth: the downy
covering of plants.--_v.t._ to raise a nap on.--_ns._ NAP'-M[=E]'TER, a
machine for testing the wearing strength of cloth; NAP'PINESS.--_adj._
NAP'PY. [M. E. _noppe_: the same as _knop_.]
NAP, nap, _n._ a game of cards--_Napoleon_ (q.v.).
NAP, nap, _v.t._ to seize, to take hold of, steal.
NAPE, n[=a]p, _n._ the back upper part of the neck, perhaps so called from
the knob or projecting point of the neck behind. [_Knap_, _knob_.]
NAPERY, n[=a]'per-i, _n._ linen, esp. for the table: table-cloths, napkins,
&c. [O. Fr.,--Low L. _naparia_--_napa, a cloth_--L. _mappa_, a napkin.]
NAPHTHA, naf'tha, or nap'tha, _n._ a clear, inflammable liquid distilled
from petroleum, wood, coal-tar, &c.: rock-oil.--_n._ NAPH'THALENE, a
grayish-white, inflammable substance obtained by the distillation of
coal-tar.--_adj._ NAPHTHAL'IC, pertaining to, or derived from,
naphthalene.--_v.t._ NAPH'THALISE.--_ns._ NAPH'THOL, NAPHTHYL'AMINE.
[L.,--Gr.,--Ar. _naft_.]
NAPIERIAN, n[=a]-p[=e]'ri-an, _adj._ pertaining to John _Napier_ of
Merchiston (1550-1617), the inventor of logarithms.--NAPIER'S BONES, or
RODS, an invention of Napier's for performing mechanically the operations
of multiplication and division, by means of sets of rods.
NAPIFORM, n[=a]p'i-form, _adj._ shaped like a turnip: large and round above
and slender below.--_adj._ NAPIF[=O]'LIOUS, with leaves like the turnip.
[L. _napus_, a turnip.]
NAPKIN, nap'kin, _n._ a cloth for wiping the hands: a handkerchief.--_n._
NAP'KIN-RING, a ring in which a table-napkin is rolled. [Dim. of Fr.
_nappe_.]
NAPLESS, nap'les, _adj._ without nap: threadbare.
NAPLES-YELLOW, n[=a]'plz-yel'l[=o], _n._ a light-yellow pigment consisting
of antimoniate of lead, originally made in Italy by a secret process.
NAPOLEON, na-p[=o]'l[=e]-on, _n._ a French gold coin worth 20 francs, or
about 15s. 10½d.: a French modification of the game of euchre, each player
receiving five cards and playing for himself: a kind of rich iced
cake.--_adj._ NAPOLEON'IC, relating to _Napoleon I_. or _III_., the Great
or the Little.--_ns._ NAP[=O]'LEONISM; NAP[=O]'LEONIST.--GO NAP, to declare
all five tricks--success rewarded by double payment all round.
NAPPY, nap'i, _adj._ heady, strong: tipsy.--_n._ strong ale. [Prob. from
_nap_, a sleep.]
NAPPY, nap'i, _adj._ (_Scot._) brittle. [Cf. _Knap._]
NAPRON, nap'ron, _n._ (_Spens._) an apron.
NARCISSUS, nar-sis'us, _n._ a genus of plants of the Amaryllis family,
comprising the daffodils. [L.,--Gr. _narkissos_--_nark[=e]_, torpor.]
NARCOLEPSY, nar'k[=o]-lep-si, _n._ a nervous disorder marked by frequent
short attacks of irresistible drowsiness.
NARCOTIC, nar-kot'ik, _adj._ having power to produce torpor, sleep, or
deadness.--_n._ a medicine producing sleep or stupor.--_n._ NARC[=O]'SIS,
the stupefying effect of a narcotic.--_adv._ NARCOT'ICALLY.--_n._
NAR'COTINE, one of the organic bases or alkaloids occurring in
opium.--_v.t._ NAR'COTISE.--_n._ NAR'COTISM, the influence of narcotics, or
the effects produced by their use. [Fr.,--Gr. _nark[=e]_, torpor.]
NARD, närd, _n._ an aromatic plant usually called _Spikenard_: an ointment
prepared from it.--_adj._ NARD'INE. [Fr.,--L. _nardus_--Gr. _nardos_--Pers.
_nard_--Sans. _nalada_, from Sans. _nal_, to smell.]
NARDOO, när-d[=oo]', _n._ an Australian cryptogamic plant whose spore-cases
are eaten by the natives.
NARDUS, när'dus, _n._ a genus of grasses, having but one species, _Nardus
stricta_, mat-grass.
NARGHILE, när'gi-le, _n._ an Eastern tobacco-pipe, in which the smoke is
passed through water.--Also NAR'GILE, NAR'GILEH, NAR'GILI. [Pers.]
NARIS, n[=a]'ris, _n._ a nostril:--_pl._ N[=A]'RES.--_adjs._ NAR'IAL,
NAR'INE.--_n._ NAR'ICORN, the horny nasal sheath of the beak of some
birds.--_adj._ NAR'IFORM. [L.]
NARRATE, na-r[=a]t', or nar'-, _v.t._ to tell, to give an account
of.--_adj._ NARR'ABLE, capable of being told.--_n._ NARR[=A]'TION, act of
telling: that which is told: an orderly account of what has
happened.--_adj._ NARR'ATIVE, narrating: giving an account of any
occurrence: inclined to narration: story-telling.--_n._ that which is
narrated: a continued account of any occurrence: story.--_adv._
NARR'ATIVELY.--_n._ NARR[=A]'TOR, one who narrates: one who tells or states
facts, &c.--_adj._ NARR'ATORY, like narrative: consisting of narrative.
[Fr.,--L. _narr[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_gn[=a]rus_, knowing.]
NARRE, när, _adj._ (_Spens._) an older form of _near_.
NARROW, nar'[=o], _adj._ of little breadth: of small extent from side to
side: limited: contracted in mind: bigoted: not liberal: selfish: within a
small distance: almost too small: close: accurate: careful.--_n._ (oftener
used in the _pl._) a narrow passage, channel, or strait.--_v.t._ to make
narrow: to contract or confine.--_v.i._ to become narrow: to reduce the
number of stitches in knitting.--_adj._ NARR'OW-GAUGE, denoting a railroad
of less width than 4 ft. 8½ in.--_n._ NARR'OWING, the act of making less in
breadth: the state of being contracted: the part of anything which is made
narrower.--_adv._ NARR'OWLY.--_adj._ NARR'OW-MIND'ED, of a narrow or
illiberal mind.--_ns._ NARR'OW-MIND'EDNESS; NARR'OWNESS.--_adjs._
NARR'OW-PRY'ING (_Shak._), scrutinising closely, inquisitive;
NARR'OW-SOULED, illiberal.--NARROW CLOTH, cloth, esp. woollen, of less than
54 inches in width; NARROW WORK, in mining, the making of passages,
air-shafts, &c. [A.S. _nearu_; not conn. with _near_, but prob. with
_nerve_, _snare_.]
NARTHEX, nar'theks, _n._ a former genus of umbelliferous plants, now
included in _Ferula_: a portico or lobby in an early Christian or Oriental
church or basilica. [L.,--Gr., _narth[=e]x_.]
NARWHAL, när'hwal, NARWAL, när'wal, _n._ the sea-unicorn, a mammal of the
whale family with one large projecting tusk. [Dan. _narhval_--Ice.
_náhvalr_, 'corpse-whale,' from the creature's pallid colour (Ice. _nár_,
corpse).]
NARY, ner'i, a provincial corruption of _ne'er a_, _never a_.
NAS, nas, an obsolete corruption of _ne has_; of _ne was_.
NASAL, n[=a]'zal, _adj._ belonging to the nose: affected by, or sounded
through, the nose.--_n._ a letter or sound uttered through the nose: the
nose-piece in a helmet.--_n._ NASALIS[=A]'TION, the act of uttering with a
nasal sound.--_v.i._ N[=A]'SALISE, to render nasal, as a sound: to insert a
nasal letter into.--_n._ NASAL'ITY.--_adv._ N[=A]'SALLY, by or through the
nose.--_adjs._ N[=A]'SICORN, having a horn on the nose, as a rhinoceros;
N[=A]'SIFORM, nose-shaped.--_n._ N[=A]'SION, the median point of the
naso-frontal suture.--_adjs._ NASOB[=A]'SAL, pertaining to the nose and
base of the skull; NASOC'ULAR, pertaining to the nose and eye, nasorbital;
NASOFRON'TAL, pertaining to the nasal bone and the frontal bone;
NASOL[=A]'BIAL, pertaining to the nose and the upper lip; NASOLAC'RYMAL,
pertaining to the nose and to tears, as the duct which carries tears from
the eyes to the nose; NASOPAL'ATINE, pertaining to the nose and to the
palate or palate-bones. [Fr.,--L. _nasus_, the nose.]
NASARD, naz'ard, _n._ a mutation-stop in organ-building.--Also NAS'ARDE.
NASCENT, nas'ent, _adj._ springing up: arising: beginning to exist or to
grow.--_n._ NAS'CENCY, the beginning of production: birth or origin. [L.
_nascens_, _-entis_, pr.p. of _nasci_, _natus_, to be born.]
NASEBERRY, n[=a]z'ber-i, _n._ an American tropical tree.--Also NEES'BERRY,
NIS'BERRY. [Sp. _níspero_--L. _mespilus_, medlar.]
NASTURTIUM, nas-tur'shi-um, _n._ the water-cress. [L., _nasus_, the nose,
_torqu[=e]re_, _tortum_, to twist.]
NASTY, nas'ti, _adj._ dirty: filthy: obscene: disagreeable to the taste or
smell: difficult to deal with: ill-natured: nauseous.--_adv._
NAS'TILY.--_n._ NAS'TINESS. [Old form _nasky_, soft; cf. prov. Swed.
_snaskig_, nasty, Low Ger. _nask_, nasty.]
NASUTE, n[=a]-s[=u]t', _adj._ having a long snout: keen-scented.
NATAL, n[=a]'tal, _adj._ pertaining to the nates or buttocks.--_n.pl._
N[=A]'TES, the buttocks.--_adj._ NAT'IFORM. [L. _natis_, the rump.]
NATAL, n[=a]'tal, _adj._ pertaining to birth: native: presiding over
birthdays.--_adj._ NATALI'TIAL, pertaining to a birthday.--_n._ NATAL'ITY,
birth-rate. [Fr.,--L. _natalis_--_nasci_, _natus_, to be born.]
NATANT, n[=a]'tant, _adj._ floating on the surface, as leaves of
water-plants: (_her._) in a horizontal position, as if swimming.--_n._
NAT[=A]'TION, swimming.--_n.pl._ NATAT[=O]'RES, the swimming-birds.--_adj._
NATAT[=O]'RIAL, swimming: adapted to swim.--_n._ NATAT[=O]'RIUM, a
swimming-school.--_adj._ N[=A]'TATORY, pertaining to swimming: having the
habit of swimming. [L. _natans_, _-antis_, pr.p. of _nat[=a]re_, inten. of
_n[=a]re_, to swim.]
NATCH, nach, _n._ (_prov._) the rump.
NATCH, nach, _n._ a provincial form of _notch_.
NATHLESS, nath'les, _adj._ not the less: nevertheless.--Also NATHE'LESS.
[A.S. _ná thý læs_, not the less.]
NATHMORE, nath'm[=o]r, _adv._ (_Spens._) not or never the more.--Also
NATH'MOE. [A.S. _ná thý mára_.]
NATION, n[=a]'shun, _n._ a body of people born of the same stock: the
people inhabiting the same country, or under the same government: a race: a
great number: a division of students in a university for voting purposes at
Aberdeen and Glasgow. [Fr.,--L. _nation-em_,--_nasci_, _natus_, to be
born.]
NATIONAL, nash'un-al, _adj._ pertaining to a nation: public: general:
attached to one's own country.--_n._ NATIONALIS[=A]'TION, the act of
nationalising, as of railways, private property, &c.: the state of being
nationalised.--_v.t._ NAT'IONALISE, to make national: to make a nation
of.--_ns._ NAT'IONALISM; NAT'IONALIST, one who strives after national unity
or independence, esp. as in Ireland for more or less separation from Great
Britain: an advocate of nationalism: NATIONAL'ITY, birth or membership in a
particular country: separate existence as a nation: a nation, race of
people: national character.--_adv._ NAT'IONALLY.--_n._
NAT'IONALNESS.--NATIONAL AIR, ANTHEM, the popular song by which a people's
patriotic feelings are expressed; NATIONAL CHURCH, the church established
by law in a country; NATIONAL CONVENTION, the sovereign assembly which sat
from Sept. 21, 1792, to Oct. 26, 1795, after the abolition of monarchy in
France; NATIONAL DEBT, money borrowed by the government of a country and
not yet paid; NATIONAL FLAG, or ENSIGN, the principal flag of a country;
NATIONAL GUARD, a force which took part in the French Revolution, first
formed in 1789.
NATIVE, n[=a]'tiv, _adj._ arising or appearing by birth: produced by
nature: pertaining to the time or place of birth: belonging by birth,
hereditary, natural, original: occurring uncombined with other substances,
as metals.--_n._ one born in any place: an original inhabitant: (_pl._)
oysters raised in artificial beds.--_adv._ N[=A]'TIVELY.--_ns._
N[=A]'TIVENESS; N[=A]'TIVISM, the belief that the mind possesses some ideas
or forms of thought that are inborn, and not derived from sensation: the
disposition to favour the natives of a country in preference to immigrants;
N[=A]'TIVIST.--_adj._ NATIVIS'TIC.--_n._ NATIV'ITY, state or fact of being
born: time, place, and manner of birth: the birth of Christ, hence the
festival of His birth, Christmas--also a picture representing His birth:
state or place of being produced: a horoscope.--NATIVE ROCK, stone not yet
quarried. [Fr.,--L. _nativus_--_nasci_, _natus_, to be born.]
NATRIX, n[=a]'triks, _n._ a genus of colubrine snakes. [L.,--_nat[=a]re_,
to swim.]
NATROLITE, nat'ro-l[=i]t, _n._ one of the most common of the group of
minerals known as Zeolites.
NATRON, n[=a]'trun, _n._ native carbonate of sodium, or mineral alkali, the
nitre of the Bible.--_n._ NATROM'ETER, an instrument for measuring the
quantity of soda in salts of potash and soda. [Fr.,--L. _nitrum_--Gr.
_nitron_.]
NATTER, nat'[.e]r, _v.t._ and _v.i._ (_prov._) to find fault.--_adjs._
NATT'ERED, NATT'ERY, peevish.
NATTERJACK, nat'[.e]r-jak, _n._ a common European toad. [Cf. _Adder_.]
NATTES, nats, _n.pl._ surface decoration or diaper resembling plaited or
interlaced work. [Fr.]
NATTY, nat'i, _adj._ trim, tidy, neat, spruce.--_adv._ NATT'ILY.--_n._
NATT'INESS. [Allied to _neat_.]
NATURAL, nat'[=u]-ral, _adj._ pertaining to, produced by, or according to
nature: inborn: not far-fetched: not acquired: tender: unaffected: in a
state of nature, unregenerate: (_math._) having 1 as the base of the
system, of a function or number: illegitimate: (_mus._) according to the
usual diatonic scale.--_n._ an idiot: (_mus._) a character ([Natural])
which removes the effect of a preceding sharp or flat: a white key in
keyboard musical instruments.--_adj._ NAT'URAL-BORN, native.--_n.pl._
NATUR[=A]'LIA, the sexual organs.--_n._ NATURALIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._
NAT'URALISE, to make natural or easy: to adapt to a different climate or to
different conditions of life: to grant the privileges of natural-born
subjects to.--_ns._ NAT'URALISM, mere state of nature: a close following of
nature, without idealisation, in painting, sculpture, fiction, &c.: the
belief that natural religion is of itself sufficient; NAT'URALIST, one who
studies nature, more particularly zoology and botany: a believer in
naturalism.--_adj._ NATURALIST'IC, pertaining to, or in accordance with,
nature: belonging to the doctrines of naturalism.--_adv._ NAT'URALLY.--_n._
NAT'URALNESS.--NATURAL HISTORY, originally the description of all that is
in nature, now used of the sciences that deal with the earth and its
productions--botany, zoology, and mineralogy, esp. zoology; NATURAL LAW,
the sense of right and wrong which arises from the constitution of the mind
of man, as distinguished from the results of revelation or legislation;
NATURAL NUMBERS, the numbers 1, 2, 3, and upwards; NATURAL ORDER, in
botany, an order or division belonging to the natural system of
classification, based on a consideration of all the organs of the plant;
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY, the science of nature, of the physical properties of
bodies: physics; NATURAL SCALE, a scale of music written without sharps or
flats; NATURAL SCIENCE, the science of _nature_, as distinguished from that
of _mind_ (mental and moral science), and from _pure_ science
(mathematics); NATURAL SELECTION, a supposed operation of the laws of
nature, the result of which is the 'survival of the fittest,' as if brought
about by intelligent design; NATURAL SYSTEM, a classification of plants and
animals according to real differences in structure; NATURAL THEOLOGY, or
NATURAL RELIGION, the body of theological truths discoverable by reason
without revelation.
NATURE, n[=a]'t[=u]r, _n._ the power which creates and which regulates the
material world: the power of growth: the established order of things, the
universe: the qualities of anything which make it what it is: constitution:
species: conformity to nature, truth, or reality: inborn mind, character,
instinct, or disposition: vital power, as of man or animal: course of life:
nakedness: a primitive undomesticated condition.--_adj._ N[=A]'TURED,
having a certain temper or disposition: used in compounds, as
_good-natured_.--_ns._ N[=A]'TURE-D[=E]'ITY, a deity personifying some
force of physical nature; N[=A]'TURE-MYTH, a myth symbolising natural
phenomena; N[=A]'TURE-PRINT'ING, the process of printing in colours from
plates that have been impressed with some object of nature, as a plant,
leaf, &c.; N[=A]'TURE-WOR'SHIP, N[=A]'TURISM, worship of the powers of
nature.--_n._ N[=A]'TURIST.--_adj._ NATURIST'IC.--DEBT OF NATURE, death;
EASE, or RELIEVE, NATURE, to evacuate the bowels. [Fr.,--L.
_natura_--_nasci_, _natus_, to be born.]
NAUGHT, nawt, _n._ no-whit, nothing.--_adv._ in no degree.--_adj._ of no
value or account: worthless: bad.--BE NAUGHT, an obsolete form of
malediction; COME TO NAUGHT, to come to nothing, to fail; SET AT NAUGHT, to
treat as of no account, to despise. [Another form of _nought_. A.S. _náht_,
_náwiht_--_ná_, not, _wiht_, a whit.]
NAUGHTY, nawt'i, _adj._ bad in conduct or speech: mischievous: perverse:
disagreeable.--_adv._ NAUGHT'ILY.--_n._ NAUGHT'INESS.
NAUMACHY, naw'ma-ki, _n._ a sea-fight: a show representing a
sea-fight.--Also NAUMACH'IA. [Gr. _naus_, a ship, _mach[=e]_, a fight.]
NAUPLIUS, naw'pli-us, _n._ a stage of development of low Crustaceans, as
cirripeds, &c.:--_pl._ NAU'PLII.--_adjs._ NAU'PLIIFORM, NAU'PLIOID. [L., a
kind of shell-fish--Gr. _Nauplios_, a son of Poseidon, _naus_, a ship,
_plein_, to sail.]
NAUROPOMETER, naw-r[=o]-pom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring a
ship's heeling or inclination at sea. [Gr. _naus_, a ship, _hrop[=e]_,
inclination, _metron_, measure.]
NAUSCOPY, naw'skop-i, _n._ the art of sighting ships at great distances.
[Gr. _naus_, a ship, _skopein_, to see.]
NAUSEA, naw'she-a, _n._ sea-sickness: any sickness of the stomach, with a
tendency to vomit: loathing.--_adj._ NAU'SEANT, producing nausea.--_n._ a
substance having this quality.--_v.i._ NAU'SE[=A]TE, to feel nausea or
disgust.--_v.t._ to loathe: to strike with disgust.--_n._
NAUSE[=A]'TION.--_adjs._ NAU'SE[=A]TIVE, causing nausea or loathing;
NAU'SEOUS, producing nausea: disgusting: loathsome.--_adv._
NAU'SEOUSLY.--_n._ NAU'SEOUSNESS. [L.,--Gr. _nausia_, sea-sickness--_naus_,
a ship.]
NAUTCH, nawch, _n._ a kind of ballet-dance performed by professional
dancers known as NAUTCH'-GIRLS in India: any form of stage entertainment
with dancing. [Hind. _n[=a]ch_, dance.]
NAUTICAL, naw'tik-al, _adj._ of or pertaining to ships, to sailors, or to
navigation: naval: marine.--_adv._ NAU'TICALLY.--NAUTICAL ALMANAC, an
almanac giving information specially useful to sailors; NAUTICAL MILE,
one-sixtieth of a degree measured at the Equator (=about 2025 yards). [L.
_nauticus_--Gr. _nautikos_--_naus_; cog. with L. _navis_, a ship.]
NAUTILUS, naw'ti-lus, _n._ a Cephalopod found in the southern seas, once
believed to sail by means of the expanded tentacular arms: a kind of
diving-bell sinking or rising by means of condensed air:--_pl._
NAU'TILUSES, or NAU'TILI.--_adjs._ NAU'TILIFORM, NAU'TILOID.--PAPER
NAUTILUS, any species of _Argonauta_. [L.,--Gr. _nautilos_, a sailor.]
NAVAL, n[=a]'val, _adj._ pertaining to ships: consisting of, or possessing,
ships: marine: nautical: belonging to the navy.--NAVAL BRIGADE, a body of
seamen so arranged as to be able to serve on land; NAVAL OFFICER, an
officer on board a man-of-war: a custom-house officer of high rank in the
United States; NAVAL TACTICS, the science and methods of managing and
moving squadrons of ships. [Fr.,--L. _navalis_--_navis_, a ship.]
NAVE, n[=a]v, _n._ the middle or main body of a church, distinct from the
aisles or wings.--_n._ N[=A]'VARCH, a Greek admiral. [Fr. _nef_--L.
_navis_, a ship.]
NAVE, n[=a]v, _n._ the hub or piece of wood, &c., in the centre of a wheel,
through which the axle passes.--_v.t._ to form as a nave. [A.S. _nafu_,
nave; cf. Dut. _naaf_, Ger. _nabe_.]
NAVEL, n[=a]v'l, _n._ the mark or depression in the centre of the lower
part of the abdomen, at first a small projection.--_n._ N[=A]V'EL-STRING,
the umbilical cord. [A.S. _nafela_, dim. of _nafu_, nave.]
NAVEW, n[=a]'v[=u], _n._ the wild turnip.
NAVICULAR, nav-ik'[=u]-lar, _adj._ pertaining to small ships or boats:
(_bot._) boat-shaped: scaphoid.--_n._ a bone in man and animals, so called
from its shape.--_n._ NAVIC'ULA, an incense-boat.--NAVICULAR DISEASE, an
inflammation, often rheumatic, of the small bone--the navicular--in horses,
below which passes the strong flexor tendon of the foot. [L.
_navicularis_--_navicula_, dim. of _navis_, a ship.]
NAVIGATE, nav'i-g[=a]t, _v.t._ to steer or manage a ship in sailing: to
sail upon.--_v.i._ to go in a vessel or ship: to sail.--_ns._
NAVIGABIL'ITY, NAV'IGABLENESS.--_adj._ NAV'IGABLE, that may be passed by
ships or vessels.--_adv._ NAV'IGABLY.--_ns._ NAVIG[=A]'TION, the act,
science, or art of sailing ships: shipping generally: a canal or artificial
waterway; NAV'IGATOR, one who navigates or sails: one who directs the
course of a ship.--NAVIGATION LAWS, the laws passed from time to time to
regulate the management and privileges of ships, and the conditions under
which they may sail or carry on trade.--AERIAL NAVIGATION, the management
of balloons in motion; INLAND NAVIGATION, the passing of boats, &c., along
rivers and canals. [L. _navig[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_navis_, a ship,
_ag[)e]re_, to drive.]
NAVVY, nav'i, _n._ a labourer--originally a labourer on a navigation or
canal: a machine for digging out earth, &c.--called also _French
navvy_:--_pl._ NAVV'IES. [A contr. of _navigator_.]
NAVY, n[=a]'vi, _n._ a fleet of ships: the whole of the ships-of-war of a
nation: the officers and men belonging to the warships of a nation.--_ns._
N[=A]'VY-LIST, a list of the officers and ships of a navy, published from
time to time; N[=A]'VY-YARD, a government dockyard. [O. Fr. _navie_--L.
_navis_, a ship.]
NAWAB, na-wab', _n._ a nabob.
NAY, n[=a], _adv._ no: not only so, but: yet more: in point of fact.--_n._
a denial: a vote against.--_n._ NAY'WARD (_Shak._), tendency to denial: the
negative side. [M. E. _nay_, _nai_--Ice. _nei_, Dan. _nei_; cog. with
_no_.]
NAYWORD, n[=a]'wurd, _n._ (_Shak._) a proverbial reproach, a byword, a
watchword.
NAZARENE, naz'ar-[=e]n, _n._ an inhabitant of Nazareth, in Galilee: a
follower of Jesus of Nazareth, originally used of Christians in contempt:
one belonging to the early Christian sect of the Nazarenes, which existed
from the 1st to the 4th cent. A.D.--Also NAZAR[=E]'AN. [From _Nazareth_,
the town.]
NAZARITE, naz'ar-[=i]t, _n._ a Jew who vowed to abstain from strong drink,
&c.--also NAZ'IRITE.--_n._ NAZ'ARITISM, the vow and practice of a Nazarite.
[Heb. _n[=a]zar_, to consecrate.]
NAZE, n[=a]z, _n._ a headland or cape. [Scand., as in Dan. _næs_; a doublet
of _ness_.]
NAZIR, na-z[=e]r', _n._ a native official in an Anglo-Indian court who
serves summonses, &c. [Ar.]
NE, ne, _adv._ not: never. [A.S. _ne_; cf. _Nay_.]
NEAF, n[=e]f, _n._ the fist--(_Scot._) NEIVE. [M. E. _nefe_--Ice. _hnefi_,
_nefi_; cf. Sw. _näfve_, the fist.]
NEAL, n[=e]l, _v.t._ to temper by heat.--_v.i._ to be tempered by heat.
[Cf. _Anneal_.]
NEALOGY, n[=e]-al'o-ji, _n._ the description of the morphological
correlations of the early adolescent stages of an animal.--_adj._
NEALOG'IC. [Gr. _neos_, young, logia--_legein_, to speak.]
NEANDERTHALOID, n[=e]-an'd[.e]r-tal-oid, _adj._ like the low type of skull
found in 1857 in a cave in the _Neanderthal_, a valley between Düsseldorf
and Elberfeld.
NEAP, n[=e]p, _adj._ low, applied to the lowest tides.--_n._ a neap-tide:
the lowest point of the tide.--_adj._ NEAPED, left aground from one high
tide to another. [A.S. _nép_, orig. _hnép_; Dan. _knap_, Ice. _neppr_,
scanty.]
NEAPOLITAN, n[=e]-a-pol'i-tan, _adj._ pertaining to the city of Naples or
its inhabitants.--_n._ a native or inhabitant of Naples.--NEAPOLITAN ICE, a
combination of two different ices. [L. _Neapolitanus_--Gr. _Neapolis_,
Naples--_neos_, new, _polis_, city.]
NEAR, n[=e]r, _adj._ nigh: not far away in place or time: close in kin or
friendship: dear: following or imitating anything closely: close, narrow,
so as barely to escape: short, as a road: greedy, stingy: on the left in
riding or driving.--_adv._ at a little distance: almost: closely,--_prep._
close to.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to approach: to come nearer.--_adjs._
NEAR'-BY, adjacent; NEAR'-HAND (_Scot._), near--also _adv._ nearly.--_adv._
NEAR'LY, at no great distance: closely: intimately: pressingly: almost:
stingily.--_n._ NEAR'NESS, the state of being near: closeness: intimacy:
close alliance: stinginess.--_adj._ NEAR'-SIGHT'ED, seeing distinctly only
when near, myopic, short-sighted.--_n._ NEAR'-SIGHT'EDNESS.--NEAR POINT,
the nearest point the eye can focus. [A.S. _neár_, comp. of _neáh_, nigh;
Ice. _nær_; Ger. _näher_.]
NEARCTIC, n[=e]-ark'tik, _adj._ of or pertaining to the northern part of
the New World--embracing temperate and arctic North America.
NEAT, n[=e]t, _adj._ belonging to the bovine genus.--_n._ black-cattle: an
ox or cow.--_ns._ NEAT'-HERD, one who herds, or has the care of, neat or
cattle; NEAT'-HOUSE, a building for the shelter of
neat-cattle.--NEAT'S-FOOT OIL, an oil obtained from the feet of oxen;
NEAT'S LEATHER, leather made of the hides of neat-cattle. [A.S. _neát_,
cattle, a beast--_neótan_, _niótan_, to use; cf. Scot. _nowt_,
black-cattle.]
NEAT, n[=e]t, _adj._ trim: tidy: clean: well-shaped: without mixture or
adulteration: finished, adroit, clever, skilful.--_adj._ NEAT'-HAND'ED,
dexterous.--_adv._ NEAT'LY.--_n._ NEAT'NESS. [Fr. _net_--L. _nitidus_,
shining--_nìt[=e]re_, to shine.]
NEB, neb, _n._ the beak of a bird: the nose: the sharp point of
anything.--_adj._ NEBB'Y (_Scot._), saucy. [A.S. _nebb_, the face; cog.
with Dut. _neb_, beak.]
NEBBUK, neb'uk, _n._ a shrub, _Zizyphus Spina-Christi_, one of the thorns
of Christ's crown.
NEBEL, neb'el, _n._ a Hebrew stringed instrument.
NEB-NEB, neb'-neb, _n._ the dried pods of a species of acacia found in
Africa, which are much used in Egypt for tanning--called also _Bablah_.
NEBRIS, neb'ris, _n._ a fawn-skin worn in imitation of Bacchus by his
priests and votaries.
NEBULA, neb'[=u]-la, _n._ a little cloud: a faint, misty appearance in the
heavens produced either by a group of stars too distant to be seen singly,
or by diffused gaseous matter:--_pl._ NEB'ULÆ.--_adjs._ NEB'ULAR,
pertaining to nebulæ: like nebulæ; NEBULÉ (neb-[=u]-l[=a]'), curved in and
out (_her._); NEB'ULOSE, NEB'ULOUS, misty, hazy, vague: relating to, or
having the appearance of, a nebula.--_ns._ NEBULOS'ITY,
NEB'ULOUSNESS.--NEBULAR HYPOTHESIS, the theory of Laplace and Sir W.
Herschel that nebulæ form the earliest stage in the formation of stars and
planets. [L.; Gr. _nephel[=e]_, cloud, mist.]
NECESSARY, nes'es-sar-i, _adj._ that must be: that cannot be otherwise:
unavoidable: indispensable: under compulsion: not free.--_n._ that which
cannot be left out or done without (food, &c.)--used chiefly in _pl._: a
privy.--_ns._ NECESS[=A]'RIAN, one who holds the doctrine of necessity;
NECESS[=A]'RIANISM, the doctrine that the will is not free, but subject to
causes without, which determine its action.--_adv._ NEC'ESSARILY.--_n._
NEC'ESSARINESS, the state or quality of being necessary.--NECESSARY TRUTHS,
such as cannot but be true. [Fr.,--L. _necessarius_.]
NECESSITY, ne-ses'i-ti, _n._ state or quality of being necessary: that
which is necessary or unavoidable: compulsion: great need: poverty.--_ns._
NECESSIT[=A]'RIAN; NECESSIT[=A]'RIANISM, necessarianism.--_v.t._
NECESS'IT[=A]TE, to make necessary: to render unavoidable: to compel.--_n._
NECESSIT[=A]'TION.--_adjs._ NECESS'ITIED (_Shak._), in a state of want;
NECESS'ITOUS, in necessity: very poor: destitute.--_adv._
NECESS'ITOUSLY.--_n._ NECESS'ITOUSNESS.--NATURAL NECESSITY, the condition
of being necessary according to the laws of nature; LOGICAL or
MATHEMATICAL, according to those of human intelligence; MORAL, according to
those of moral law; WORKS OF NECESSITY, work so necessary as to be
allowable on the Sabbath. [L. _necessitas_.]
NECK, nek, _n._ the part of an animal's body between the head and trunk:
anything that resembles the neck: a long narrow part or corner: (_fig._)
life: the flesh of the neck and adjoining parts.--_v.t._ to break the neck
or cut off the head.--_ns._ NECK'ATEE, a neckerchief; NECK'-BAND, the part
of a shirt encircling the neck; NECK'-BEAR'ING, that part of a shaft which
rotates in the bearing proper, a journal; NECK'BEEF, the coarse flesh of
the neck of cattle; NECK'CLOTH, a piece of folded cloth worn round the neck
by men as a band or cravat, the ends hanging down often of lace.--_adj._
NECKED, having a neck of a certain kind.--_ns._ NECK'ERCHIEF, a kerchief
for the neck; NECK'LACE, a lace or string of beads or precious stones worn
on the neck by women; NECK'LET, a simple form of necklace; NECK'-MOULD, a
small moulding surrounding a column at the junction of the shaft and
capital; NECK'-PIECE, the part of a suit of armour that protects the neck:
an ornamental frill round the neck of a gown; NECK'TIE, a tie or cloth for
the neck; NECK'VERSE, the verse (usually Ps. li. 1) in early times placed
before a prisoner claiming _benefit-of-clergy_, in order to test his
ability to read, which, if he could do, he was burned in the hand and set
free (see BENEFIT).--_n._ STIFF'NECK (see STIFF).--NECK AND CROP,
completely; NECK AND NECK, exactly equal: side by side; NECK OR NOTHING,
risking everything.--HARDEN THE NECK, to grow more obstinate; TREAD ON THE
NECK OF, to oppress or tyrannise over. [A.S. _hnecca_; Ger. _nacken_.]
NECROLATRY, nek-rol'a-tri, _n._ worship of the dead.--_ns._
NECROBI[=O]'SIS, degeneration of living tissue; NECROG'RAPHER, one who
writes an obituary notice.--_adjs._ NECROLOG'IC, -AL, pertaining to
necrology.--_ns._ NECROL'OGIST, one who gives an account of deaths;
NECROL'OGY, an account of those who have died, esp. of the members of some
society: a register of deaths; NEC'ROMANCER, one who practises necromancy:
a sorcerer; NEC'ROMANCY, the art of revealing future events by calling up
and questioning the spirits of the dead: enchantment.--_adjs._
NECROMAN'TIC, -AL, pertaining to necromancy: performed by
necromancy.--_adv._ NECROMAN'TICALLY.--_adj._ NECROPH'AGOUS, feeding on
carrion.--_ns._ NECROPH'ILISM, a morbid love for the dead; NECROPH[=O]'BIA,
a morbid horror of corpses.--_adj._ NECROPH'OROUS, carrying away and
burying dead bodies, esp. of beetles of the genus _Necrophorus_.--_n._
NECROP'OLIS, a cemetery.--_adjs._ NECROSCOP'IC, -AL.--_n._ NEC'ROSCOPY, a
post-mortem examination, autopsy--also NEC'ROPSY.--_adjs._ NECROSED',
NECR[=O]'TIC.--_ns._ NECR[=O]'SIS, the mortification of bone: (_bot._) a
disease of plants marked by small black spots; NECROT'OMIST; NECROT'OMY,
dissection of dead bodies. [Gr. _nekros_, dead.]
NECTAR, nek'tar, _n._ the name given by Homer, Hesiod, Pindar, &c. to the
beverage of the gods, giving life and beauty: a delicious beverage: the
honey of the glands of plants.--_adjs._ NECT[=A]'REAL, NECT[=A]'REAN,
pertaining to, or resembling, nectar: delicious; NEC'TARED, imbued with
nectar: mingled or abounding with nectar; NECT[=A]'REOUS, NEC'TAROUS,
pertaining to, containing, or resembling nectar: delicious.--_adv._
NECT[=A]'REOUSLY, in a nectareous manner.--_n._ NECT[=A]'REOUSNESS, the
quality of being nectareous.--_adjs._ NECT[=A]'RIAL; NECTARIF'EROUS,
producing nectar or honey: having a nectary; NEC'TARINE, sweet as
nectar.--_n._ a variety of peach with a smooth fruit.--_n._ NEC'TARY, the
part of a flower which secretes the nectar or honey. [L.,--Gr. _nektar_;
ety. dub.]
NECTOCALYX, nek'to-k[=a]-liks, _n._ the swimming-bell of a medusa:--_pl._
NECTOC[=A]'LYCES.
NEDDY, ned'i, _n._ a donkey. [From _Ned_=Edward.]
NÉE, n[=a], _adj._ born: placed before a married woman's maiden-name, to
show her own family, as Rebecca Crawley, _née_ Sharp. [Fr., fem. of _né_,
pa.p. of _naître_, to be born--L. _nasci_, _natus_, to be born.]
NEED, n[=e]d, _n._ want of something which one cannot do without:
necessity: a state that requires relief: want of the means of
living.--_v.t._ to have occasion for: to want.--_ns._ NEED'-BE, a
necessity; NEED'ER; NEED'FIRE, fire produced by friction, to which a
certain virtue is superstitiously attached: a beacon generally.--_adj._
NEED'FUL, full of need: having need: needy: necessary: requisite.--_adv._
NEED'FULLY.--_n._ NEED'FULNESS.--_adv._ NEED'ILY.--_n._ NEED'INESS.--_adj._
NEED'LESS (_Shak._), having no need: not needed: unnecessary.--_adv._
NEED'LESSLY.--_n._ NEED'LESSNESS.--_adv._ NEED'LY (_Shak._),
necessarily.--_n._ NEED'MENT, something needed.--_adv._ NEEDS, of
necessity: indispensably--often used with _must_, as 'needs must.'--_adj._
NEED'Y, very poor: requisite.--_n._ NEED'YHOOD.--THE NEEDFUL (_slang_),
ready money. [A.S. _néd_, _niéd_, _nýd_; Dut. _nood_, Ger. _noth_.]
NEEDLE, n[=e]d'l, _n._ a small, sharp-pointed steel instrument, with an eye
for a thread--(_Shak._) NEELD, NEELE: any slender, pointed instrument like
a needle, as the magnet or movable bar of a compass, or for knitting,
etching, &c.: anything sharp and pointed, like a pinnacle of rock, &c.: an
aciform crystal: a temporary support used by builders to sustain while
repairing, being a strong beam resting on props: the long, narrow,
needle-like leaf of a pine-tree.--_v.t._ to form into a shape like a
needle, as crystals: to work with a needle.--_v.i._ to become of the shape
of needles, as crystals.--_ns._ NEED'LE-BOOK, a number of pieces of cloth,
leather, &c. arranged like a book, for holding needles; NEED'LE-CASE, a
case for holding needles; NEED'LE-FISH, a pipe-fish: a garfish or belonid;
NEED'LEFUL, as much thread as fills a needle; NEED'LE-GUN, a gun or rifle
loaded at the breech, the cartridge of which is exploded by the impact of a
needle or spike at its base.--_adjs._ NEED'LE-POINT'ED, pointed like a
needle: without a barb, as a fish-hook; NEED'LE-SHAPED, shaped like a
needle: applied to the long, slender, sharp-pointed leaves of pines, firs,
and other trees.--_ns._ NEED'LE-TEL'EGRAPH, a telegraph the receiver of
which gives its messages by the deflections of a magnetic needle;
NEED'LEWOMAN, a woman who makes her living by her needle, a seamstress;
NEED'LEWORK, work done with a needle: the business of a seamstress.--_adj._
NEED'LY, thorny. [A.S. _n['æ]dl_; Ger. _nadel_; cog. with Ger. _nähen_, to
sew, L. _n[=e]re_, to spin.]
NEEP, a Scotch form of _turnip_.
NE'ER, n[=a]r, _adv._ contr. of _never_.--_adj._ and _n._ NE'ER'-DO-WELL,
past all well-doing: one who is good for nothing.
NEESE, n[=e]z, _v.i._ an old form of _sneeze_.--_n._ NEES'ING, sneezing.
NEF, nef, _n._ a cadenas.
NEFANDOUS, n[=e]-fan'dus, _adj._ bad to execration, abominable. [L.,--_ne_,
not, _fandus_, _f[=a]ri_, to speak.]
NEFARIOUS, n[=e]-f[=a]'ri-us, _adj._ impious: extremely wicked:
villainous.--_adv._ NEF[=A]'RIOUSLY.--_n._ NEF[=A]'RIOUSNESS.--_adj._
N[=E]FAST', abominable. [L. _nefarius_, contrary to divine law--_ne_, not,
_fas_, divine law, prob. from _f[=a]ri_, to speak.]
NEGATION, ne-g[=a]'shun, _n._ act of saying no: denial: (_logic_) the
absence of certain qualities in anything. [Fr.,--L.
_negation-em-_--_neg[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to say no--_nec_, not, _aio_, I
say yes.]
NEGATIVE, neg'a-tiv, _adj._ that denies or refuses--opp. to _Affirmative_:
implying absence: that stops, hinders, neutralises--opp. to _Positive_: in
photography, exhibiting the reverse, as dark for light, light for dark:
(_logic_) denying the connection between a subject and a predicate:
(_algebra_) noting a quantity to be subtracted.--_n._ a word or statement
by which something is denied: the right or act of saying 'no,' or of
refusing assent: the side of a question or the decision which denies what
is affirmed: in photography, an image on glass or other medium, in which
the lights and shades are the opposite of those in nature, used for
printing positive impressions from on paper, &c.: (_gram._) a word that
denies.--_v.t._ to prove the contrary: to reject by vote.--_adv._
NEG'ATIVELY.--_ns._ NEG'ATIVENESS, NEG'ATIVISM, NEGATIV'ITY.--_adj._
NEG'ATORY, expressing denial.--NEGATIVE BATH, a silver solution in which
photographic negatives are placed to be sensitised; NEGATIVE ELECTRICITY,
electricity with a relatively low potential, electricity such as is
developed by rubbing resinous bodies with flannel, opposite to that
obtained by rubbing glass; NEGATIVE QUANTITY (_math._), a quantity with a
_minus_ sign ( - ) before it, indicating that it is either to be
subtracted, or reckoned in an opposite direction from some other with a
_plus_ sign; NEGATIVE SIGN, the sign ( - or _minus_) of subtraction. [L.
_negativus_--_neg[=a]re_, to deny.]
NEG[=A]TUR, _v._ it is denied. [L., 3d pers. sing. pres. ind. pass. of
_neg[=a]re_, to deny.]
NEGLECT, neg-lekt', _v.t._ to treat carelessly, pass by without notice: to
omit by carelessness.--_n._ disregard: slight: omission.--_adj._
NEGLECT'ABLE, that may be neglected.--_ns._ NEGLECT'EDNESS;
NEGLECT'ER.--_adj._ NEGLECT'FUL, careless: accustomed to omit or neglect
things: slighting.--_adv._ NEGLECT'FULLY.--_n._ NEGLECT'FULNESS.--_adj._
NEGLECT'IBLE.--_adv._ NEGLECT'INGLY, carelessly: heedlessly. [L.
_neglig[)e]re_, _neglectum_--_nec_, not, _leg[)e]re_, to gather.]
NEGLIGÉE, neg-li-zh[=a]', _n._ easy undress: a plain, loose gown: a
necklace, usually of red coral.--_adj._ carelessly or unceremoniously
dressed: careless. [Fr., fem. of _négligé_--_négliger_, to neglect.]
NEGLIGENCE, neg'li-jens, _n._ fact or quality of being negligent: want of
proper care: habitual neglect: a single act of carelessness or neglect, a
slight: carelessness about dress, manner, &c.: omission of duty, esp. such
care for the interests of others as the law may require--(_Shak._)
NEGLEC'TION.--_adj._ NEG'LIGENT, neglecting: careless: inattentive:
disregarding ceremony or fashion.--_adv._ NEG'LIGENTLY.--_adj._
NEG'LIGIBLE.--_adv._ NEG'LIGIBLY. [Fr.,--L. _negligentia_--_negligens_,
_-entis_, pr.p. of _neglig[)e]re_, to neglect.]
NEGOTIABLE, ne-g[=o]'shi-a-bl, _adj._ that may be transacted: that can be
transferred to another with the same rights as belonged to the original
holder, as a bill of exchange.--_n._ NEGOTIABIL'ITY.
NEGOTIATE, ne-g[=o]'shi-[=a]t, _v.i._ to carry on business: to bargain: to
hold intercourse for the purpose of mutual arrangement.--_v.t._ to arrange
for by agreement: to manage: to transfer to another with all the rights of
the original holder: to pass, as a bill: to sell.--_ns._ NEGOTI[=A]'TION,
act of negotiating: the treating with another on business; NEG[=O]'TIATOR;
NEG[=O]'TIATRIX.--_adj._ NEGOTI[=A]'TORY, of or pertaining to negotiation.
[L. _negoti[=a]ri_, _-[=a]tus_--_negotium_, business--_nec_, not, _otium_,
leisure.]
NEGRITO, ne-gr[=e]'to, _n._ the Spanish name for certain tribes of
negro-like diminutive people in the interior of some of the Philippine
Islands--also _Aëtas_ or _Itas_: in a wider sense, the Papuans and all the
Melanesian peoples of Polynesia.
NEGRO, n[=e]'gr[=o], _n._ one of the black-skinned woolly-haired race in
the Soudan and central parts of Africa, also their descendants in
America.--_adj._ of or pertaining to the race of black men:--_fem._
N[=E]'GRESS.--_ns._ N[=E]'GRO-CORN, the name given in the West Indies to
the plant durra or Indian millet; N[=E]'GROHEAD, tobacco soaked in molasses
and pressed into cakes, so called from its blackness.--_adj._
N[=E]'GROID.--_n._ N[=E]'GR[=O]ISM, any peculiarity of speech noticeable
among negroes, esp. in the southern United States. [Sp. _negro_--L.
_niger_, black.]
NEGUS, n[=e]'gus, _n._ a beverage of either port or sherry with hot water,
sweetened and spiced. [Said to be so called from Colonel _Negus_, its first
maker, in the reign of Queen Anne.]
NEGUS, n[=e]'gus, _n._ the title of the kings of Abyssinia.
NEIF, n[=e]f, _n._ (_Shak._) the fist.
NEIGH, n[=a], _v.i._ to utter the cry of a horse:--_pr.p._ neigh'ing;
_pa.t._ and _pa.p_. neighed (n[=a]d).--_n._ the cry of a horse--(_Scot._)
NICH'ER. [A.S. _hn['æ]gan_; Ice. _hneggja_.]
NEIGHBOUR, nä'bur, _n._ a person who dwells, sits, or stands near another:
one who is on friendly terms with another.--_adj._ (_B._)
neighbouring.--_v.i._ to live near each other.--_v.t._ to be near to.--_n._
NEIGH'BOURHOOD, state of being neighbours, kindly feeling: adjoining
district or the people living in it: a district generally, esp. with
reference to its inhabitants.--_adj._ NEIGH'BOURING, being near:
adjoining.--_n._ NEIGH'BOURLINESS.--_adjs._ NEIGH'BOURLY, like or becoming
a neighbour: friendly: social--also _adv._; NEIGH'BOUR-STAINED (_Shak._),
stained with neighbours' blood. [A.S. _neáhbúr_, _neáhgebúr_--A.S. _neáh_,
near, _gebúr_ or _búr_, a farmer.]
NEIST, n[=e]st, a dialectic form of _next_.
NEITHER, n[=e]'_th_[.e]r, or n[=i]'_th_[.e]r, _adj._ and _pron._ not
either.--_conj._ not either: and not: nor yet.--_adv._ not at all: in no
case. [A.S. _ná_th_er, náw_th_er_, abbrev. of _náhwæther_--_ne_, not,
_áhwæther_, _áwther_, either.]
NEIVIE-NICK-NACK, n[=e]'vi-nik'-nak, _n._ a Scotch children's game of
guessing in which hand a thing is held while the holder repeats a rhyme
beginning with these words.
NELUMBO, n[=e]-lum'b[=o], _n._ a genus of water-lilies including the
_Egyptian Bean_ of Pythagoras, and the Hindu _Lotus_.--Also NELUM'BIUM.
[Ceylon name.]
NEMALITE, nem'a-l[=i]t, _n._ a fibrous hydrate of magnesia. [Gr. _n[=e]ma_,
a thread, _lithos_, a stone.]
NEMATHECIUM, nem-a-th[=e]'si-um, _n._ a wart-like elevation on the surface
of the thallus of certain florideous algæ. [Gr. _n[=e]ma_, a thread,
_th[=e]kion_, _th[=e]k[=e]_, case.]
NEMATHELMINTHES, nem-a-thel-min'thez, _n.pl._ a name applied to the
thread-worms or nematodes (as _Ascaris_, _Guinea-worm_, _Trichina_), to the
somewhat distinct _Gordiidæ_ or _hair-eels_, and to the more remotely
allied _Acanthocephala_ or _Echinorhynchus_.--Also
NEMATHELMIN'THA.--_adjs._ NEMATHEL'MINTH, -IC. [Gr. _n[=e]ma_, a thread,
_helmins_, _-minthos_, worm.]
NEMATOCEROUS, nem-a-tos'e-rus, _adj._ having long thready antennæ, as a
dipterous insect. [Gr. _n[=e]ma_, a thread, _keras_, a horn.]
NEMATOCYST, nem'a-t[=o]-sist, _n._ a cnida, one of the offensive organs of
Coelenterates, as jellyfish. [Gr. _n[=e]ma_, a thread, _kystis_, a
bladder.]
NEMATOID, nem'a-toid, _adj._ thread-like--also NEM'ATODE.--_n.pl._
NEMATOI'DEA, a class of Vermes, with mouth, alimentary canal, and separate
sexes, usually parasitic. [Gr. _n[=e]ma_, thread, _eidos_, form.]
NEMEAN, n[=e]'m[=e]-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Nemea_, a valley of Argolis
in the Peloponnesus, famous for its public games held in the second and
fourth of each Olympiad.
NEMERTEA, n[=e]-mer't[=e]-a, _n.pl._ a class of Vermes, mostly marine,
unsegmented, covered with cilia, often brightly coloured, with protrusile
proboscis, and usually distinct sexes.--_adj._ NEMER'TEAN. [Gr.
_N[=e]mert[=e]s_, a nereid's name.]
NEMESIS, nem'e-sis, _n._ (_myth._) the goddess of vengeance: retributive
justice.--_adj._ NEMES'IC. [Gr.,--_nemein_, to distribute.]
NEMO, n[=e]'mo, _n._ nobody: a nobody. [L.]
NEMOCEROUS, n[=e]-mos'e-rus, _adj._ having filamentous antennæ.
NEMORAL, nem'o-ral, _adj._ pertaining to a wood or grove.--_n._
NEMOPH'ILIST.--_adjs._ NEMOPH'ILOUS, fond of woods, inhabiting woods;
NEM'OROSE, growing in woodland; NEM'OROUS, woody. [L. _nemus_, _-[)o]ris_,
a grove.]
NEMPT, nemt (_Spens._), named, called.
NENUPHAR, nen'[=u]-far, _n._ the great white water-lily. [Fr.,--Ar.]
NEO-CATHOLIC, n[=e]-[=o]-kath'o-lik, _adj._ pertaining to the short-lived
school of liberal Catholicism that followed Lamennais, Lacordaire, and
Montalembert about 1830: pertaining to a small party within the Anglican
Church, who think they have outgrown Keble and Pusey and the great Caroline
divines, and are more noisy than intelligent in their avowal of preference
for Roman doctrine, ritual, and discipline.
NEO-CHRISTIAN, n[=e]-[=o]-kris'tyan, _adj._ and _n._ of or pertaining to
so-called _Neo-Christianity_, which merely means old Rationalism.
NEOCOMIAN, n[=e]-[=o]-k[=o]'mi-an, _adj._ and _n._ (_geol._) of or
pertaining to the lower division of the Cretaceous system, including the
Lower Greensand and the Wealden of English geologists. [Græcised from
_Neuchâtel_, near which is its typical region; Gr. _neos_, new,
_k[=o]m[=e]_, a village.]
NEOCOSMIC, n[=e]-[=o]-koz'mik, _adj._ pertaining to the present condition
of the universe, esp. its races of men. [Gr. _neos_, new, _kosmos_, the
universe.]
NEOCRACY, n[=e]-ok'ra-si, _n._ government by upstarts.
NEOGAMIST, n[=e]-og'a-mist, _n._ a person recently married.
NEOGRAMMARIAN, n[=e]-[=o]-gra-m[=a]'ri-an, _n._ one of the more recent
school in the study of Indo-European grammar and philology, who attach vast
importance to phonetic change, and the laws governing it.--_adj._
NEOGRAMMAT'ICAL.
NEOHELLENISM, n[=e]-[=o]-hel'en-izm, _n._ the modern Hellenism inspired by
the ancient: the devotion to ancient Greek ideals in literature and art,
esp. in the Italian Renaissance.
NEO-KANTIAN, n[=e]-[=o]-kan'ti-an, _adj._ pertaining to the philosophy of
_Kant_ as taught by his successors.
NEO-LATIN, n[=e]-[=o]-lat'in, _n._ Latin as written by modern writers: new
Latin, as in the Romance languages sprung from the Latin.
NEOLITE, n[=e]'[=o]-l[=i]t, _n._ a dark-green silicate of aluminium and
magnesium. [Gr. _neos_, new, _lithos_, a stone.]
NEOLITHIC, n[=e]-[=o]-lith'ik, _adj._ applied to the more recent implements
of the stone age--opp. to _Palæolithic_. [Gr. _neos_, new, _lithos_, a
stone.]
NEOLOGY, n[=e]-ol'o-ji, _n._ the introduction of new words, or new senses
of old words, into a language: (_theol._) new doctrines, esp. German
rationalism.--_n._ NEOL[=O]'GIAN.--_adjs._ NEOLOG'IC, -AL, pertaining to
neology: using new words.--_adv._ NEOLOG'ICALLY.--_v.i._ NEOL'OGISE, to
introduce new words or doctrines.--_ns._ NEOL'OGISM, a new word, phrase, or
doctrine: the use of old words in a new sense; NEOL'OGIST, one who
introduces new words or senses: one who introduces new doctrines in
theology.--_adjs._ NEOLOGIS'TIC, -AL. [Gr. _neos_, new, _logos_, word.]
NEONOMIANISM, n[=e]-[=o]-n[=o]'mi-an-izm, _n._ the doctrine that the gospel
is a new law, and that faith has abrogated the old moral obedience.--_n._
NEON[=O]'MIAN. [Gr. _neos_, new, _nomos_, law.]
NEONOMOUS, n[=e]-on'o-mus, _adj._ having a greatly modified biological
structure, specialised according to recent conditions of environment. [Gr.
_neos_, new, _nomos_, law.]
NEONTOLOGY, n[=e]-on-tol'o-ji, _n._ the science and description of extant,
as apart from extinct, animals.--_n._ NEONTOL'OGIST. [Gr. _neos_, new,
_on_, _ontos_, being, _logia_--_legein_, to speak.]
NEO-PAGANISM, n[=e]-[=o]-p[=a]'gan-izm, _n._ a revival of paganism, or its
spirit--a euphemism for mere animalism.--_v.t._ NEO-P[=A]'GAN[=I]SE, to
imbue with this spirit.
NEOPHOBIA, n[=e]-[=o]-f[=o]'bi-a, _n._ dread of novelty. [Gr. _neos_, new,
_phobia_--_phebesthai_, to fear.]
NEOPHRON, n[=e]'[=o]-fron, _n._ a genus of vultures, having horizontal
nostrils. [Gr.,--_neos_, new, _phren_, mind.]
NEOPHYTE, n[=e]'[=o]-f[=i]t, _n._ a new convert, one newly baptised or
admitted to the priesthood, or to a monastery, a novice: a tyro or
beginner.--_adj._ newly admitted or entered on office.--_n._
N[=E]'OPHYTISM. [L. _neophytus_--Gr. _neos_, new, _phytos_,
grown--_phyein_, to produce.]
NEOPLASM, n[=e]'[=o]-plazm, _n._ a morbid new growth or formation of
tissue.--_adj._ NEOPLAS'TIC.
NEOPLATONISM, n[=e]-[=o]-pl[=a]'to-nizm, _n._ a system of philosophy
combining _Platonic_ and Oriental elements, originating with Ammonius
Saccas at Alexandria in the 3d century, developed by Plotinus, Porphyry,
Proclus, &c.--_adj._ NEOPLATON'IC.--_n._ NEOPL[=A]'TONIST.
NEOTERIC, -AL, n[=e]-[=o]-ter'ik, -al, _adj._ of recent origin,
modern.--_v.i._ NEOT'ERISE.--_n._ NEOT'ERISM, the introduction of new
things, esp. new words. [Gr.,--_ne[=o]teros_, comp. of _neos_, new.]
NEOTIC, n[=e]-ot'ik, _adj._ addressed to the understanding.
NEOTROPICAL, n[=e]-[=o]-trop'i-kal, _adj._ applied to the part of the New
World including tropical and South America and the adjacent islands.
NEOZOIC, n[=e]-[=o]-z[=o]'ik, _adj._ denoting all rocks from the Trias down
to the most recent formations, as opposed to _Palæozoic_. [Gr. _neos_, new,
_zo[=e]_, life.]
NEP, nep, _n._ (_prov._) a knot in a fibre of cotton.
NEPENTHES, ne-pen'th[=e]z, _n._ (_med._) a drug that relieves pain--also
NEPEN'THE: a genus of plants having a cup or pitcher attached to the leaf,
often filled with a sweetish liquid, the pitcher-plant. [Gr.,--_n[=e]_,
neg., _penthos_, grief.]
NEPHALISM, nef'a-lizm, _n._ total abstinence from alcoholic drinks.--_n._
NEPH'ALIST, a bigoted teetotaler. [Gr. _n[=e]phalios_, sober; _n[=e]phein_,
to be sober.]
NEPHELINE, nef'e-lin, _n._ a rock-forming mineral, colourless, usually
crystallising in hexagonal prisms, occurring in various volcanic rocks, as
in certain basalts. [Gr. _nephel[=e]_, a cloud.]
NEPHELOID, nef'e-loid, _adj._ cloudy, turbid.--_ns._ NEPHELOM'ETER, a
supposititious instrument for measuring cloudiness; NEPH'ELOSCOPE, an
apparatus for illustrating the formation of cloud; NEPH'ELOSPHERE, an
atmosphere of cloud surrounding a planet, &c. [Gr. _nephel[=e]_, cloud.]
NEPHEW, nev'[=u], or nef'[=u], _n._ the son of a brother or sister:
(_orig._) a grandson (so in New Test.):--_fem._ NIECE. [O. Fr. _neveu_--L.
_nepos_, _nepotis_, grandson, nephew; A.S. _nefa_, Ger. _neffe_, nephew.]
NEPHRALGIA, ne-fral'ji-a, _n._ pain or disease of the kidneys--also
NEPHRAL'GY.--_ns._ NEPH'RITE, a mineral usually called _Jade_, an old charm
against kidney disease; NEPHRIT'IC, a medicine for the cure of diseases of
the kidneys.--_adjs._ NEPHRIT'IC, -AL, pertaining to the kidneys: affected
with a disease of the kidneys: relieving diseases of the kidneys.--_ns._
NEPHR[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the kidneys; NEPH'ROCELE, hernia of the
kidney; NEPHROG'RAPHY, a description of the kidneys.--_adj._ NEPH'ROID,
kidney-shaped.--_ns._ NEPHROL'OGY, scientific knowledge of the kidneys;
NEPHROT'OMY, the operation of excising the kidneys. [Gr. _nephros_, a
kidney, _algos_, pain.]
NEPOTISM, nep'o-tizm, _n._ undue favouritism to one's relations, as in the
bestowal of patronage.--_adjs._ NEPOT'IC, NEP[=O]'TIOUS.--_n._ NEP'OTIST,
one who practises nepotism. [L. _nepos_, _nepotis_, a grandson.]
NEPTUNE, nep't[=u]n, _n._ (_Rom. myth._) the god of the sea, identified
with the Greek Poseidon, represented with a trident in his hand:
(_astron._) the outermost planet of the solar system, discovered in
1846.--_adj._ NEPT[=U]'NIAN, pertaining to the sea: (_geol._) formed by
water: applied to stratified rocks or to those due mainly to the agency of
water, as opposed to _Plutonic_ or _Igneous_.--_n._ NEP'T[=U]NIST, one who
holds the Neptunian theory in geology--also _adj._ [L. _Neptunus_.]
NEREID, n[=e]'r[=e]-id, _n._ (_Gr. myth._) a sea-nymph, one of the
daughters of the sea-god _Nereus_, who attended Neptune riding on
sea-horses: (_zool._) a genus of marine worms like long myriapods.--_ns._
N[=E]'R[=E]IS, a nereid; N[=E]'R[=E]ITE, a fossil annelid related to the
nereids. [L.,--Gr.]
NERINE, n[=e]-r[=i]'n[=e], _n._ a genus of ornamental South African plants
of the Amaryllis family, with scarlet or rose-coloured flowers.--The
Guernsey Lily is the _Nerine Sarniensis_.
NERITE, n[=e]'r[=i]t, _n._ a gasteropod of the genus _Nerita_ or the family
_Neritidæ_.--_adj._ NERIT[=A]'CEAN.
NERIUM, n[=e]'ri-um, _n._ a genus of Mediterranean shrubs, with fragrant
and showy pink, white, or yellowish flowers, the oleander.
NERO, n[=e]'ro, _n._ the last emperor of the family of the Cæsars, at Rome
(54-68 A.D.): any cruel and wicked tyrant.--_adj._ NER[=O]'NIAN.
NERO-ANTICO, n[=a]-r[=o]-an-t[=e]'ko, _n._ a deep-black marble found in
Roman ruins. [It.]
NERVE, n[.e]rv, _n._ bodily strength, firmness, courage: (_anat._) one of
the fibres which convey sensation from all parts of the body to the brain:
(_bot._) one of the fibres or ribs in the leaves of plants: a trade term
for a non-porous quality of cork, slightly charred: (_pl._) hysterical
nervousness.--_v.t._ to give strength or vigour to: to arm with
force.--_adj._ NERV'AL.--_ns._ NERV[=A]'TION, the arrangement or
distribution of nerves, esp. those of leaves; NERVE'-CELL, any cell forming
part of the nervous system, esp. one of those by means of which
nerve-fibres are connected with each other; NERVE'-CEN'TRE, a collection of
nerve-cells from which nerves branch out.--_adj._ NERVED, furnished with
nerves, or with nerves of a special character, as 'strong-nerved.'--_n._
NERVE'-F[=I]'BRE, one of the essential thread-like units of which a nerve
is composed.--_adj._ NERVE'LESS, without strength.--_n._
NERVE'LESSNESS.--_adj._ NERV'INE, acting on the nerves: quieting nervous
excitement.--_n._ a medicine that soothes nervous excitement.--_adjs._
NERV'OUS, having nerve: sinewy: strong, vigorous, showing strength and
vigour: pertaining to the nerves: having the nerves easily excited or weak;
NERV'OUS, NERVOSE', NERVED (_bot._) having parallel fibres or
veins.--_adv._ NERV'OUSLY.--_n._ NERV'OUSNESS.--_adj._ NERV'[=U]LAR.--_ns._
NERV'[=U]LE, a small nerve, a small vein of an insect's wing--also
_Nervulet_, _Veinlet_, _Venule_; NERV'URE, one of the nerves or veins of
leaves: one of the horny tubes or divisions which expand the wings of
insects: one of the ribs in a groined vault: a projecting moulding.--_adj._
NERV'Y, strong, vigorous.--NERVOUS SYSTEM (_anat._), the brain, spinal
cord, and nerves collectively: the whole of the nerves and nerve-centres of
the body considered as related to each other, and fitted to act together.
[Fr.,--L. _nervus_; Gr. _neuron_, a sinew.]
NESCIENCE, nesh'ens, _n._ want of knowledge.--_adj._ NESC'IENT. [L.
_nescientia_--_nesc[=i]re_, to be ignorant--_ne_, not, _sc[=i]re_, to
know.]
NESH, nesh, _adj._ (_prov._) soft, crumbly: tender.--_v.t._ NESH'EN, to
make tender.
NESHAMAH, nesh'a-mä, _n._ the highest degree of the soul in the cabbalistic
system.
NESIOTE, n[=e]'si-[=o]t, _adj._ insular. [Gr. _n[=e]sos_, an island.]
NESKI, nes'ki, _n._ the cursive hand generally used in Arabic.--Also
NESH'KI. [Ar.]
NESOGÆAN, n[=e]-s[=o]-j[=e]'an, _adj._ pertaining to Nesogæa--Polynesia or
Oceania, New Zealand excepted, with regard to the distribution of its
animals. [Gr. _n[=e]sos_, an island, _gaia_, the earth.]
NESS, nes, _n._ a promontory or headland. [A.S. _næss_; a doublet of
_naze_, prob. conn. with _nose_.]
NEST, nest, _n._ the bed formed by a bird for hatching her young: the place
in which the eggs of any animal are laid and hatched: a comfortable
residence: a number of persons haunting one place for a bad purpose: the
place itself: a number of baskets or boxes each fitting inside the next
larger.--_v.t._ to form a nest for.--_v.i._ to build and occupy a
nest.--_n._ NEST'-EGG, an egg left in the nest to keep the hen from
forsaking it: something laid up as the beginning of an
accumulation.--FEATHER ONE'S NEST, to provide for one's self, esp. from
other people's property of which one has had charge. [A.S. _nest_; Ger.
_nest_, L. _n[=i]dus_.]
NESTLE, nes'l, _v.i._ to lie close or snug as in a nest: to settle
comfortably.--_v.t._ to cherish, as a bird does her young.--_adj._
NEST'LING, being in the nest, newly hatched.--_n._ act of making a nest: a
young bird in the nest--also NEST'LER. [A.S. _nestlian_--_nest_.]
NESTOR, nes'tor, _n._ a Greek hero at Troy, remarkable for eloquence and
wisdom gained through long life and varied experience: any one who
possesses those qualities, a counsellor, adviser.--_adj._ NEST[=O]'RIAN.
NESTORIAN, nes-t[=o]'ri-an, _adj._ pertaining to the Christological
doctrine of _Nestorius_, patriarch of Constantinople from 428 to his
condemnation and deposition at the general council of Ephesus in 431; he
held the true divinity and humanity of Christ, but denied their union in a
single self-conscious personality, that union being merely moral or
sympathetic--thus the personality was broken up into a duality.--_n._ a
follower of Nestorius.--_n._ NEST[=O]'RIANISM.
NET, net, _n._ an open fabric of twine, &c., knotted into meshes for
catching birds, fishes, &c.: anything like a net for keeping out insects,
&c.: a meshed bag for holding a woman's hair: machine-made lace of various
kinds: a snare: a difficulty.--_adj._ made of netting or resembling it,
reticulate: caught in a net.--_v.t._ to form into network: to take with a
net: to protect with a net, to veil.--_v.i._ to form network:--_pr.p._
net'ting; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ net'ted.--_ns._ NET'-FISH, any fish, like the
herring, caught in nets--opp. to _Trawl-fish_ and _Line-fish_;
NET'-FISH'ERY, a place for net-fishing, the business of such fishing;
NET'-FISH'ING, the method or the industry of fishing with nets.--_p.adj._
NET'TED, made into a net, reticulated: caught in a net.--_ns._ NET'TING,
act or process of forming network: a piece of network: any network of ropes
or wire, esp. for use on shipboard; NET'TING-NEED'LE, a kind of shuttle
used in netting.--_adjs._ NET'TY, like a net; NET'-VEINED, in entomology,
having a great number of veins or nervures like a network on the surface,
as in the wings of many Orthoptera; NET'-WINGED, having net-veined
wings.--_n._ NET'WORK, any work showing cross lines or open spaces like the
meshes of a net. [A.S. _net_, _nett_; Dut. _net_, Ger. _netz_.]
NET, NETT, net, _adj._ clear of all charges or deductions--opp. to _Gross_:
lowest, subject to no further deductions.--_v.t._ to produce as clear
profit:--_pr.p._ net'ting; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ net'ted. [_Neat._]
NETHELESSE, neth'les, _adv._=NATHLESS.
NETHER, ne_th_'[.e]r, _adj._ beneath another, lower: infernal.--_n._
NETH'ERLANDER, an inhabitant of Holland.--_adj._ NETH'ERLANDISH,
Dutch.--_n.pl._ NETH'ERLINGS, stockings.--_adjs._ NETH'ERMORE, lower;
NETH'ERMOST, lowest.--_n.pl._ NETH'ERSTOCKS (_Shak._), short stockings or
half-hose for the leg, as distinguished from trunk hose for the
thigh.--_advs._ NETH'ERWARD, -S, downward. [A.S. _neothera_, a comp. adj.
due to adv. _nither_, downward; Ger. _nieder_, low.]
NETHINIM, neth'in-im, _n.pl._ (_B._) servants of the old Jewish temple, set
apart to assist the Levites. [Heb.]
NETSUKE, net'su-k[=a], _n._ a small toggle or button, carved or inlaid, on
Japanese pipe-cases, pouches, &c.
NETTLE, net'l, _n._ a common plant covered with hairs which sting
sharply.--_v.t._ to fret, as a nettle does the skin: to irritate.--_ns._
NETT'LE-CLOTH, thick japanned cotton cloth used for leather; NETT'LE-FISH,
a jelly-fish, sea-nettle; NETT'LERASH, a kind of fever characterised by a
rash or eruption on the skin; NETT'LE-TREE, a genus of trees, with simple
and generally serrated leaves, the fruit a fleshy, globose, one-celled
drupe; NETT'LE-WORT, any plant of the nettle family. [A.S. _netele_; Ger.
_nessel_.]
NETTLING, net'ling, _n._ the joining of two ropes, end to end, without
seam: the tying in pairs of yarns in a ropewalk to prevent tangling.
[_Knittle._]
NEUME, n[=u]m, _n._ a succession of notes to be sung to one syllable, a
sequence: an old sign for a tone or a phrase. [O. Fr.,--Gr. _pneuma_,
breath.]
NEURAL, n[=u]'ral, _adj._ pertaining to the nerves--also NEUR'IC.--_ns._
NEURIC'ITY, nerve-force; NEURIL'ITY, the function of the nervous
system--that of conducting stimuli.--NEURAL ARCH, the arch of a vertebra
protecting the spinal cord. [Gr. _neuron_, a nerve.]
NEURALGIA, n[=u]-ral'ji-a, _n._ pain of a purely nervous character,
occurring in paroxysms, usually unaccompanied by inflammation, fever, or
any appreciable change of structure in the affected part--(_obs._)
NEURAL'GY.--_adjs._ NEURAL'GIC, NEURAL'GIFORM. [Gr. _neuron_, nerve,
_algos_, pain.]
NEURASTHENIA, n[=u]-ras-the-n[=i]'a, _n._ nervous debility.--_adj._
NEURASTHEN'IC--also _n._ one suffering from this. [Gr. _neuron_, a nerve,
_astheneia_, weakness.]
NEURATION, n[=u]-r[=a]'shun, _n._ Same as NERVATION.
NEURILEMMA, n[=u]-ri-lem'a, _n._ the external sheath of a nerve-fibre.
NEURITIS, n[=u]-r[=i]'tis, _n._ inflammation of a nerve.
NEUROHYPNOLOGY, n[=u]-r[=o]-hip-nol'o-ji, _n._ the study of hypnotism: the
means employed for inducing the hypnotic state.--_ns._ NEUROHYPNOL'OGIST;
NEUROHYP'NOTISM, hypnotism. [Gr. _neuron_, nerve, _hypnos_, sleep, _logia_,
discourse.]
NEUROLOGY, n[=u]-rol'o-ji, _n._ the science of the nerves.--_adj._
NEUROLOG'ICAL.--_n._ NEUROL'OGIST, a writer on neurology. [Gr. _neuron_,
nerve, _logia_, science.]
NEURON, n[=u]'ron, _n._ the cerebro-spinal axis in its entirety: a nervure
of an insect's wing.
NEUROPATH, n[=u]'ro-path, _n._ one who takes nervous conditions solely or
mostly into account in his pathology.--_adjs._ NEUROPATH'IC, -AL.--_adv._
NEUROPATH'ICALLY.--_ns._ NEUROPATHOL'OGY, the sum of knowledge of the
diseases of the nervous system; NEUROP'ATHY, nervous disease generally.
[Gr. _neuron_, nerve, _pathos_, suffering.]
NEUROPTERA, n[=u]-rop't[.e]r-a, _n.pl._ an order of insects which have
generally four wings marked with a network of many nerves:--_sing._
NEUROP'TERON; also NEUROP'TER, NEUROP'TERAN.--_adjs._ NEUROP'TERAL,
NEUROP'TEROUS, nerve-winged. [Gr. _neuron_, nerve, _ptera_, pl. of
_pteron_, a wing.]
NEUROSE, n[=u]'r[=o]s, _adj._ nerved: having many nervures or veins, of an
insect's wing, &c.
NEUROTIC, n[=u]-rot'ik, _adj._ relating to, or seated in, the nerves.--_n._
a disease of the nerves: a medicine useful for diseases of the
nerves.--_adj._ NEUR[=O]'SAL.--_n._ NEUR[=O]'SIS, a nervous disease, esp.
without lesion of parts, as epilepsy, &c.
NEUROTOMY, n[=u]-rot'om-i, _n._ the cutting or dissection of a
nerve.--_adj._ NEUROTOM'ICAL. [Gr. _neuron_, a nerve, _tom[=e]_, cutting.]
NEUROTONIC, n[=u]-ro-ton'ik, _n._ a medicine intended to strengthen the
nervous system.
NEUTER, n[=u]'t[.e]r, _adj._ neither: taking no part with either side:
(_gram._) neither masculine nor feminine: neither active nor passive:
(_bot._) without stamens or pistils: (_zool._) without sex.--_n._ one
taking no part in a contest: (_bot._) a plant having neither stamens nor
pistils: (_zool._) a sexless animal, esp. the working bee. [L.,
'neither'--_ne_, not, _uter_, either.]
NEUTRAL, n[=u]'tral, _adj._ being neuter, indifferent: taking no part on
either side: unbiassed: neither very good nor very bad, of no decided
character: having no decided colour, bluish or grayish: (_chem._) neither
acid nor alkaline.--_n._ a person or nation that takes no part in a
contest.--_n._ NEUTRALIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ NEU'TRALISE, to declare by
convention any nation permanently neutral or neutral during certain
hostilities: to make inert: to render of no effect.--_ns._ NEU'TRALISER;
NEUTRAL'ITY, state of taking no part on either of two sides: those who are
neutral.--_adv._ NEU'TRALLY.--NEUTRAL TINT, a dull grayish colour; NEUTRAL
VOWEL, the vowel-sound heard in _but_, _firm_, _her_, &c., and commonly in
unaccented syllables.--ARMED NEUTRALITY, the condition of a neutral power
ready to repel aggression from either belligerent. [L.
_neutralis_--_neuter_, neither.]
NÉVÉ, n[=a]-v[=a]', _n._ the same as _firn_ or _glacier snow_. [Fr.,--L.
_nix_, _nivis_, snow.]
NEVEL, nev'el, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to beat with the fists.
NEVER, nev'[.e]r, _adv._ not ever: at no time: in no degree: not.--_adv._
NEV'ERMORE, at no future time.--_conj._ NEVERTHELESS', notwithstanding: in
spite of that (earlier _Natheless_).--_adv._ NEVERTHEMORE' (_Spens._), none
the more. [A.S. _n['æ]fre_--_ne_, not, _['æ]fre_, ever.]
NEW, n[=u], _adj._ lately made: having happened lately: recent, modern: not
before seen or known: strange, different: recently commenced: changed for
the better: not of an ancient family: as at first: unaccustomed: fresh from
anything: uncultivated or only recently cultivated.--_adjs._ NEW'BORN
(_Shak._), recently born; NEW'COME, recently arrived.--_n._ NEW'-COM'ER,
one who has lately come.--_v.t._ NEW'-CREATE' (_Shak._), to create for the
first time.--_adjs._ NEW'-FASH'IONED, made in a new way or fashion: lately
come into fashion; NEW'-FLEDGED, having just got feathers; NEW'ISH,
somewhat new: nearly new.--_adv._ NEW'LY.--_adj._ NEW'-MADE (_Shak._),
recently made.--_v.t._ NEW'-MOD'EL, to model or form anew.--_n._ the
Parliamentary army as remodelled by Cromwell after the second battle of
Newbury, which gained a conclusive victory at Naseby (1645).--_n._
NEW'NESS.--_adj._ NEW'-SAD (_Shak._), recently made sad.--NEW BIRTH (see
REGENERATION); NEW CHUM, a new arrival from the old country in Australia;
NEW CHURCH, NEW JERUSALEM CHURCH, the Swedenborgian Church; NEW COVENANT
(see COVENANT); NEW DEPARTURE (see DEPARTURE); NEW ENGLANDER, a native or
resident in any of the New England states; NEW JERUSALEM, the heavenly
city; NEW LEARNING (see RENAISSANCE); NEW LIGHT, a member of a relatively
more advanced religious school--applied esp. to the party within the
18th-century Scottish Secession Church which adopted Voluntary views of the
relations of Church and State, also sometimes to the Socinianising party in
the Church of Scotland in the 18th century, &c.; NEW RED SANDSTONE
(_geol._), the name formerly given to the great series of red sandstones
which occur between the Carboniferous and Jurassic systems; NEW STYLE (see
STYLE); NEW WOMAN, a name humorously applied to such modern women as rebel
against the conventional restrictions of their sex, and ape men in their
freedom, education, pursuits, amusements, clothing, manners, and sometimes
morals; NEW WORLD, North and South America; NEW-YEAR'S DAY, the first day
of the new year. [A.S. _níwe_, _neówe_; Ger. _neu_, Ir. _nuadh_, L.
_novus_, Gr. _neos_.]
NEWEL, n[=u]'el, _n._ (_archit._) the upright column about which the steps
of a circular staircase wind. [O. Fr. _nual_ (Fr. _noyau_), stone of
fruit--Low L. _nucalis_, like a nut--L. _nux_, _nucis_, a nut.]
NEWEL, n[=u]'el, _n._ (_Spens._) a new thing: a novelty.
NEWFANGLED, n[=u]-fang'gld, _adj._ fond of new things: newly devised,
novel.--_adv._ NEWFANG'LEDLY.--_ns._ NEWFANG'LEDNESS, NEWFANG'LENESS.
[Corr. from M. E. _newefangel_--_newe_ (A.S. _níwe_), new, _fangel_ (A.S.
_fangen_--_fón_), ready to catch.]
NEWFOUNDLAND, n[=u]-fownd'land, _n._ a large dog of great intelligence, a
strong swimmer, black without any white markings, first brought from
_Newfoundland_.
NEWGATE, n[=u]'g[=a]t, _n._ a famous prison in London.--NEWGATE CALENDAR, a
list of Newgate prisoners, with their crimes; NEWGATE FRILL, or FRINGE, a
beard under the chin and jaw.
NEWMARKET, n[=u]'mar-ket, _n._ a card-game for any number of persons, on a
table on which duplicates of certain cards have been placed face up: a
close-fitting coat, originally a riding-coat, a long close-fitting coat for
women.
NEWS, n[=u]z, _n.sing._ something heard of that is new: recent account:
first information of something that has just happened or of something not
formerly known: intelligence.--_v.t._ to report.--_ns._ NEWS'AGENT, one who
deals in newspapers; NEWS'BOY, NEWS'MAN, a boy or man who delivers or sells
newspapers; NEWS'-HOUSE, a printing-office for newspapers only;
NEWS'LETTER, an occasional letter or printed sheet containing news, the
predecessor of the regular newspaper; NEWS'MONGER, one who deals in news:
one who spends much time in hearing and telling news; NEWS'PAPER, a paper
published periodically for circulating news, &c.--the first English
newspaper was published in 1622; NEWS'PAPERDOM; NEWS'PAPERISM.--_adj._
NEWS'PAPERY, superficial.--_ns._ NEWS'ROOM, a room where newspapers,
magazines, &c. lie to be read; NEWS'VENDER, a seller of newspapers;
NEWS'-WRIT'ER, a reporter or writer of news.--_adj._ NEWS'Y, gossipy. [Late
M. E., an imit. of Fr. _nouvelles_.]
NEWT, n[=u]t, _n._ a genus of amphibious animals like small lizards.
[Formed with initial _n_, borrowed from the article _an_, from _ewt_--A.S.
_efeta_.]
NEWTONIAN, n[=u]-t[=o]'ni-an, _adj._ relating to, formed, or discovered by
Sir Isaac _Newton_, the celebrated philosopher (1642-1727)--also
NEWTON'IC.--NEWTONIAN TELESCOPE, a form of reflecting telescope.
NEXT, nekst, _adj._ (_superl._ of NIGH) nearest in place, time, &c.--_adv._
nearest or immediately after.--_prep._ nearest to.--_n._ NEXT'NESS.--NEXT
DOOR TO (see DOOR); NEXT TO NOTHING, almost nothing at all. [A.S. _néhst_,
superl. of _néh_, _neáh_, near; Ger. _nächst_.]
NEXUS, nek'sus, _n._ a tie, connecting principle, bond: (_Rom. law_) a
person who had contracted a _nexum_ or obligation of such a kind that, if
he failed to pay, his creditor could compel him to serve until the debt was
paid. [L.--_nect[)e]re_, to bind.]
NIB, nib, _n._ something small and pointed: a point, esp. of a pen: the
bill of a bird: the handle of a scythe-snath.--_v.t._ to furnish with a
nib: to point.--_adj._ NIBBED, having a nib. [NEB.]
NIBBLE, nib'l, _v.t._ to bite by small bits: to eat by little at a
time.--_v.i._ to bite gently: to find fault.--_n._ act of nibbling: a
little bit.--_ns._ NIBB'LER; NIBB'LING.--_adv._ NIBB'LINGLY. [Freq. of
_nip_.]
NIBELUNGEN, n[=e]'bel-[=oo]ng-en, _n.pl._ a supernatural race in German
mythology guarding a treasure wrested from them by Siegfried, the hero of
the _Nibelungenlied_, an epic of _c._ 1190-1210.
NIBLICK, nib'lik, _n._ a golf-club with cup-shaped head.
NICE, n[=i]s, _adj._ foolishly simple: over-particular: hard to please:
fastidious: marking or taking notice of very small differences: done with
great care and exactness, accurate: easily injured: delicate: dainty:
agreeable: delightful.--_adv._ NICE'LY.--_ns._ NICE'NESS, quality of being
nice: exactness: scrupulousness: pleasantness; NIC'ETY, quality of being
nice: delicate management: exactness of treatment: fineness of perception:
fastidiousness: that which is delicate to the taste: a delicacy.--TO A
NICETY, with great exactness. [O. Fr. _nice_, foolish, simple--L.
_nescius_, ignorant--_ne_, not, _sc[=i]re_, to know.]
NICENE, n[=i]'s[=e]n, _adj._ pertaining to the town of _Nice_ or _Nicæa_,
in Bithynia, Asia Minor, where an ecumenical council was held in 325 for
the purpose of defining the questions raised in the Arian controversy--it
promulgated the _Nicene Creed_. A second council, the seventh general
council, held here in 787, condemned the Iconoclasts.
[Illustration]
NICHE, nich, _n._ a recess in a wall for a statue, vase, &c.: a person's
proper place or condition in life or public estimation, one's appointed or
appropriate place.--_v.t._ to place in a niche.--_adj._ NICHED, placed in a
niche. [Fr.,--It. _nicchia_, a niche, _nicchio_, a shell--L. _mytilus_,
_mitulus_, a sea-mussel.]
NICK, nik, _n._ a notch cut into something: a score for keeping an account:
the precise moment of time: a lucky throw at hazard.--_v.t._ to cut in
notches: to hit the precise time: to strike as if making a nick: to cheat:
catch in the act: to cut short: (_Scot._) to cut with a single snip, as of
shears: to make a cut with the pick in the face of coal to facilitate
blasting or wedging.--_adj._ NICK'-EARED, crop-eared.--_n._ NICK'ER, one
who, or that which, nicks: a woodpecker: a street-ruffian in the early part
of the 18th century.--NICK A HORSE'S TAIL, to make a cut at the root of the
tail, making the horse carry it higher. [Another spelling of _nock_, old
form of _notch_.]
NICK, nik, _n._ the devil, esp. OLD NICK. [Prob. a corr. of St _Nicholas_,
or from A.S. _nicor_, a water-spirit; Ice. _nykr_, Ger. _nix_, _nixe_.]
NICKEL, nik'el, _n._ a grayish-white metal related to cobalt, very
malleable and ductile.--_v.t._ to plate with nickel.--_ns._ NICK'ELAGE,
NICK'ELURE, the art of nickel-plating.--_adjs._ NICK'ELIC, NICK'ELOUS;
NICKELIF'EROUS, containing nickel.--_ns._ NICK'ELINE, NIC'COLITE, native
nickel arsenide.--_v.t._ NICK'ELISE, to plate with nickel.--_ns._
NICK'EL-PLAT'ING, the plating of metals with nickel; NICK'EL-SIL'VER,
German silver (see GERMAN). [Sw. _koppar-nickel_ (Ger. _kupfernickel_),
_koppar_, copper, _nickel_, a word corresponding to Ger. _nickel_, the
devil (cf. _Cobalt_ and _Kobold_), or to Ice. _hnikill_, a lump.]
NICKER, nik'[.e]r, _v.i._ to neigh: to snigger.--_n._ a neigh: a loud
laugh--(_obs._) NICH'ER.
NICKNACK, nik'nak, _n._ a trifle--dim. NICK'NACKET.--_n._ NICK'NACKERY.
[Same as _Knick-knack_.]
NICKNAME, nik'n[=a]m, _n._ a name given in contempt or sportive
familiarity.--_v.t._ to give a nickname to. [M. E. _neke-name_, with
intrusive initial _n_ from _eke-name_, surname; from _eke_ and _name_.]
NICOTINE, nik'o-tin, _n._ a poisonous, volatile, alkaloid base, obtained
from tobacco.--_adj._ NIC[=O]'TIAN, pertaining to tobacco, from Jean
_Nicot_ (1530-1600), the benefactor who introduced it into France in
1560.--_n._ a smoker of tobacco.--_n.pl._ NICOTI[=A]'NA, the literature of
tobacco.--_n._ NIC'OTINISM, a morbid state induced by excessive misuse of
tobacco.
NICTATE, nik't[=a]t, _v.i._ to wink--also NIC'TITATE.--_ns._ NIC'T[=A]TION,
NICTIT[=A]'TION.--NICTITATING MEMBRANE, a thin movable membrane covering
the eyes of birds. [L. _nict[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_.]
NIDDER, nid'[.e]r, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to keep under: to pinch with cold or
hunger: to molest.
NIDDLE-NODDLE, nid'l-nod'l, _adj._ vacillating.--_v.i._ to wag the head.
NIDERLING, nid'[.e]r-ling, _n._ a wicked fellow--also NID'ERING,
NITH'ING.--_n._ NIDD'ERING, a noodle.
NIDGE, nij, _v.t._ to dress the face of (a stone) with a sharp-pointed
hammer.
NIDGING, nij'ing, _adj._ trifling.--_n._ NIDG'ET, a fool.
NIDIFICATION, nid-i-fi-k[=a]'shun, _n._ the act or art of building a nest,
and the hatching and rearing of the young.--_adj._ NIDAMENT'AL, pertaining
to nests or what protects eggs.--_n._ NIDAMENT'UM, an egg-case.--_vs.i._
NID'IFICATE, NID'IFY.--_adjs._ NID'ULANT, NID'ULATE, lying free in a
cup-shaped body, or in pulp.--_n._ NIDUL[=A]'TION, nest-building. [L.
_nidus_, a nest, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
NIDOR, n[=i]'dor, _n._ odour, esp. of cooked food.--_adjs._ N[=I]'DOROSE,
N[=I]'DOROUS, N[=I]'DOSE. [L.]
NIDUS, n[=i]'dus, _n._ a place, esp. in an animal body, in which a germ
lodges and begins to develop. [L.]
NIECE, n[=e]s, _n._ (_fem._ of NEPHEW) the daughter of a brother or sister:
(_orig._) a granddaughter. [O. Fr.,--Low L. _nepta_--L. _neptis_, a
granddaughter, niece.]
NIELLO, ni-el'lo, _n._ a method of ornamenting silver or gold plates by
engraving the surface, and filling up the lines with a black composition,
to give clearness and effect to the incised design: a work produced by this
method: an impression taken from the engraved surface before the incised
lines have been filled up: the compound used in niello-work.--_v.t._ to
decorate with niello.--_n._ NIELL'URE, the process, also the work done.
[It. _niello_--Low L. _nigellum_, a black enamel--L. _nigellus_, dim. of
_niger_, black.]
NIERSTEINER, n[=e]r'st[=i]-ner, _n._ a variety of Rhine wine, named from
_Nierstein_, near Mainz.
NIFFER, nif'[.e]r, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to barter.--_n._ an exchange.
NIFFLE, nif'l, _v.t._ (_prov._) to pilfer.--_n._ NIFF'NAFF, a
trifle.--_adj._ NIFF'NAFFY, fastidious.
NIFLHEIM, nifl'h[=i]m, _n._ (_Scand. myth._) a region of mist, ruled over
by Hel.
NIFTY, nif'ti, _adj._ (_slang_) stylish.
NIGELLA, n[=i]-jel'a, _n._ a genus of ranunculaceous plants, with finely
dissected leaves, and whitish, blue, or yellow flowers, often almost
concealed by their leafy involucres--_Nigella damascena_, called
Love-in-a-mist, Devil-in-a-bush, and Ragged Lady.
NIGGARD, nig'ard, _n._ a person who is unwilling to spend or give away: a
miser.--_adjs._ NIGG'ARD, NIGG'ARDLY, having the qualities of a niggard:
miserly; NIGG'ARDISH, rather niggardly.--_n._ NIGG'ARDLINESS, meanness in
giving or spending--(_Spens._) NIGG'ARDISE.--_adv._ NIGG'ARDLY. [Ice.
_hnöggr_, stingy; Ger. _genau_, close.]
NIGGER, nig'[.e]r, _n._ a black man, a negro: a native of the East Indies
or one of the Australian aborigines: a black caterpillar: a Cornish
holothurian.--_v.t._ to exhaust soil by cropping it year by year without
manure.--_n._ NIGG'ERDOM, niggers collectively.--_adjs._ NIGG'ERISH,
NIGG'ERY.--_ns._ NIGG'ER-KILL'ER, a scorpion; NIGG'ERLING, a little nigger.
NIGGLE, nig'l, _v.i._ to trifle, busy one's self with petty matters: to
cramp.--_v.t._ to fill with excessive detail: to befool.--_n._ small
cramped handwriting.--_ns._ NIGG'LER, one who trifles; NIGG'LING,
fussiness, finicking work.--_adj._ mean: fussy. [Freq. of _nig_, which may
be a variant of _nick_.]
NIGH, n[=i], _adj._ near: not distant in place or time: not far off in
degree, kindred, &c.: close.--_adv._ nearly: almost.--_prep._ near to: not
distant from.--_adv._ NIGH'LY, nearly: within a little.--_n._ NIGH'NESS,
the state or quality of being nigh: nearness. [A.S. _néah_, _néh_; Dut.
_na_, Ger. _nahe_.]
NIGHT, n[=i]t, _n._ the end of the day: the time from sunset to sunrise:
darkness: ignorance, affliction, or sorrow: death.--_ns._ NIGHT'-BELL, a
bell for use at night--of a physician, &c.; NIGHT'-BIRD, a bird that flies
only at night, esp. the owl: the nightingale, as singing at night;
NIGHT'-BLIND'NESS, inability to see in a dim light, nyctalopia;
NIGHT'-BRAWL'ER, one who raises disturbances in the night; NIGHT'CAP, a cap
worn at night in bed (so NIGHT'DRESS, -SHIRT, &c.): a dram taken before
going to bed: a cap drawn over the face before hanging; NIGHT'-CART, a cart
used to remove the contents of privies before daylight; NIGHT'-CHAIR, a
night-stool; NIGHT'-CHURR, or -JAR, the British species of goat-sucker, so
called from the sound of its cry.--_n.pl._ NIGHT'-CLOTHES, garments worn in
bed.--_ns._ NIGHT'-CROW, a bird that cries in the night; NIGHT'-DOG
(_Shak._), a dog that hunts in the night.--_adj._ NIGHT'ED, benighted:
(_Shak._) darkened, clouded.--_ns._ NIGHT'FALL, the fall or beginning of
the night: the close of the day: evening; NIGHT'FARING, travelling by
night; NIGHT'FIRE, a fire burning in the night: a will-o'-the-wisp;
NIGHT'-FISH'ERY, a mode of fishing by night, or a place where this is done;
NIGHT'-FLY, a moth that flies at night; NIGHT'-FOE, one who makes his
attack by night; NIGHT'-FOSS'ICKER, one who robs a digging by
night.--_adj._ NIGHT'-FOUN'DERED, lost in the night.--_ns._ NIGHT'-FOWL, a
night-bird; NIGHT'-GLASS, a spy-glass with concentrating lenses for use at
night; NIGHT'-GOWN, a long loose robe for sleeping in, for men or women; a
loose gown for wearing in the house; NIGHT'-HAG, a witch supposed to be
abroad at night; NIGHT'-HAWK, a species of migratory goat-sucker, common in
America; NIGHT'-HER'ON, a heron of nocturnal habit; NIGHT'-HOUSE, a tavern
allowed to be open during the night; NIGHT'-HUNT'ER, a degraded woman who
prowls about the streets at night for her prey; NIGHT'-LAMP, or -LIGHT, a
light left burning all night.--_adj._ NIGHT'LESS, having no night.--_n._
NIGHT'-LINE, a fishing-line set overnight.--_adj._ and _adv._ NIGHT'LONG,
lasting all night.--_adj._ NIGHT'LY, done by night: done every
night.--_adv._ by night: every night.--_ns._ NIGHT'-MAN, a night-watchman
or scavenger; NIGHT'-OWL, an owl of exclusively nocturnal habits: one who
sits up very late; NIGHT'-PAL'SY, a numbness of the lower limbs, incidental
to women; NIGHT'PIECE, a picture or literary description of a night-scene:
a painting to be seen best by artificial light; NIGHT'-POR'TER, a porter in
attendance during the night at hotels, railway stations, &c.; NIGHT'-RAIL,
a night-gown: a 17th-century form of head-dress; NIGHT'-RAV'EN (_Shak._), a
bird that cries at night, supposed to be of ill-omen; NIGHT'-REST, the
repose of the night; NIGHT'-RULE (_Shak._), a frolic at night.--_adv._
NIGHTS (_obs._), by night.--_ns._ NIGHT'-SCHOOL, a school held at night,
esp. for those at work during the day; NIGHT'-SEA'SON, the time of night;
NIGHT'SHADE, a name of several plants of the genus _Solanum_, having
narcotic properties, often found in damp shady woods; NIGHT'-SHRIEK, a cry
in the night; NIGHT'-SIDE, the dark, mysterious, or gloomy side of
anything; NIGHT'-SING'ER, any bird like the nightingale, esp. the Irish
sedge-warbler; NIGHT'-SOIL, the contents of privies, cesspools, &c.,
generally carried away at night; NIGHT'-SPELL, a charm against accidents by
night; NIGHT'-STEED, one of the horses in the chariot of NIGHT;
NIGHT'-STOOL, a close-stool for use in a bedroom; NIGHT'-T[=A]'PER, a
night-light burning slowly.--_n.pl._ NIGHT'-TERR'ORS, the sudden starting
from sleep of children in a state of fright.--_p.adj._ NIGHT'-TRIP'PING
(_Shak._), tripping about in the night.--_ns._ NIGHT'-WAK'ING, watching in
the night; NIGHT'-WALK, a walk in the night; NIGHT'-WALK'ER, one who walks
in his sleep at night, a somnambulist: one who walks about at night for bad
purposes, esp. a prostitute; NIGHT'-WALK'ING, walking in one's sleep,
somnambulism: roving about at night with evil designs; NIGHT'-WAN'DERER,
one who wanders by night.--_adjs._ NIGHT'-WAR'BLING, singing in the night;
NIGHT'WARD, toward night.--_ns._ NIGHT'-WATCH, a watch or guard at night:
time of watch in the night; NIGHT'-WATCH'MAN, one who acts as a watch
during the night; NIGHT'-WORK, work done at night. [A.S. _niht_; Ger.
_nacht_, L. _nox_.]
NIGHTINGALE, n[=i]t'in-g[=a]l, _n._ a small sylviine bird, of the Passerine
family, widely distributed in the Old World, celebrated for the rich
love-song of the male heard chiefly at night. [A.S. _nihtegale_--_niht_,
night, _galan_, to sing; Ger. _nachtigall_.]
NIGHTINGALE, n[=i]t'in-g[=a]l, _n._ a kind of flannel scarf with sleeves,
worn by invalids when sitting up in bed. [From the famous Crimean hospital
nurse, Florence _Nightingale_, born 1820.]
NIGHTMARE, n[=i]t'm[=a]r, _n._ a dreadful dream accompanied with pressure
on the breast, and a feeling of powerlessness to move or speak--personified
as an incubus or evil-spirit.--_adj._ NIGHT'MARISH. [A.S. _niht_, night,
_mara_, a nightmare; cf. Old High Ger. _mara_, incubus, Ice. _mara_,
nightmare.]
NIGRESCENT, n[=i]-gres'ent, _adj._ growing black or dark: approaching to
blackness.--_n._ NIGRESC'ENCE. [L., _nigresc[)e]re_, to grow
black--_niger_, black.]
NIGRITE, nig'r[=i]t, _n._ an insulating composition consisting of the
impure residuum obtained in the distillation of paraffin. [L. _niger_,
black.]
NIGRITIAN, ni-grish'an, _adj._ pertaining to _Nigritia_, Upper Guinea,
Senegambia, and the Soudan region generally, the home of the true
negroes.--_n._ a native of this region, a negro.
NIGRITUDE, nig'ri-t[=u]d, _n._ blackness. [L. _nigritudo_--_niger_, black.]
NIGROSINE, nig'r[=o]-sin, _n._ a coal-tar colour prepared from the
hydrochloride of violaniline. [L. _niger_, black.]
NIHIL, n[=i]'hil, _n._ nothing.--_ns._ N[=I]'HILISM, belief in nothing,
extreme scepticism: in Russia, a revolutionary socialistic movement aiming
at the overturn of all the existing institutions of society in order to
build it up anew on different principles; N[=I]'HILIST, one who professes
Nihilism.--_adj._ NIHILIST'IC.--_ns._ NIHIL'ITY, nothingness; NIL, nothing.
[L.]
NIKE, n[=i]'k[=e], _n._ the goddess of victory. [Gr.]
NILGAU. See NYL-GHAU.
NILL, nil, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to refuse, to reject.--_v.i._ to be unwilling.
[A.S. _nillan_--_ne_, not, _willan_, to will.]
NILOMETER, n[=i]-lom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ a gauge for measuring the height of
water in the river _Nile_: any river-gauge--also N[=I]'LOSCOPE.--_adj._
NILOT'IC.
NIM, nim, _v.t._ to steal, pilfer. [A.S. _niman_, to take.]
NIMBLE, nim'bl, _adj._ light and quick in motion: active: swift.--_adjs._
NIM'BLE-FING'ERED, skilful with the fingers, thievish; NIM'BLE-FOOT'ED,
swift of foot.--_ns._ NIM'BLENESS, NIM'BLESS (_Spens._), quickness of
motion either in body or mind.--_adj._ NIM'BLE-WIT'TED,
quick-witted.--_adv._ NIM'BLY. [M. E. _nimel_--A.S. _niman_, to catch; cf.
Ger. _nehmen_.]
NIMBUS, nim'bus, _n._ the raincloud: (_paint._) the disc or halo, generally
circular or semicircular, which encircles the head of the sacred person
represented.--_adj._ NIMBIF'EROUS, bringing clouds. [L.]
NIMIETY, ni-m[=i]'e-ti, _n._ (rare) state of being too much. [L.
_nimietas_--_nimis_, too much.]
NIMINY-PIMINY, nim'i-ni-pim'i-ni, _adj._ affectedly fine or delicate.--_n._
affected delicacy. [Imit.]
NIMROD, nim'rod, _n._ the founder of Babel (see Gen. x. 8-10): any great
hunter.
NINCOMPOOP, nin'kom-poop, _n._ a simpleton. [Corr. of L. _non compos_
(_mentis_), not of sound mind.]
NINE, n[=i]n, _adj._ and _n._ eight and one.--_n._ NINE'-EYES, a popular
name for the young lampreys found in rivers.--_adj._ NINE'FOLD, nine times
folded or repeated.--_ns._ NINE'HOLES, a game in which a ball is to be
bowled into nine holes in the ground or a board; NINE'PINS, a game at
bowls, a form of skittles, so called from nine pins being set up to be
knocked down by a ball.--_adj._ NINE'-SCORE, nine times twenty.--_n._ the
number of nine times twenty.--_adj._ and _n._ NINE'TEEN, nine and
ten.--_adj._ NINE'TEENTH, the ninth after the tenth: being one of nineteen
equal parts.--_n._ a nineteenth part.--_adj._ NINE'TIETH, the last of
ninety: next after the eighty-ninth.--_n._ a ninetieth part.--_adj._ and
_n._ NINE'TY, nine tens.--_adj._ NINTH, the last of nine: next after the
eighth.--_n._ one of nine equal parts.--_adv._ NINTH'LY, in the ninth
place.--NINE DAYS' WONDER (see WONDER); NINE MEN'S MORRIS (see MORRIS);
NINE WORTHIES, Hector, Alexander the Great, Julius Cæsar, Joshua, David,
Judas Maccabæus, Arthur, Charlemagne, Godfrey of Bouillon; THE NINE, the
nine muses (see MUSE); TO THE NINES, to perfection, fully, elaborately.
[A.S. _nigon_; Dut. _negen_, L. _novem_, Gr. _ennea_, Sans. _navan_.]
NINNY, nin'i, _n._ a simpleton.--Also NINN'Y-HAMM'ER. [It. _ninno_, child;
Sp. _niño_, infant.]
NIOBE, n[=i]'o-b[=e], _n._ daughter of Tantalus, and wife of Amphion, king
of Thebes. Proud of her many children, she gloried over Latona, who had but
two, Artemis and Apollo. But these killed them all, on which the weeping
mother was turned into stone by Zeus.--_adj._ NIOB[=E]'AN.
NIOBIUM, n[=i]-[=o]'bi-um, _n._ a rare metal, steel-gray in colour,
discovered in the mineral Tantalite--sometimes called _Columbium_.
NIP, nip, _n._ a sip, esp. of spirits--also NIP'PER (_U.S._).--_v.i._ to
take a dram.--_n._ NIP'PERKIN, a small measure of liquor. [Dut. _nippen_,
to sip.]
NIP, nip, _v.t._ to pinch: to press between two surfaces: to cut off the
edge: to check the growth or vigour of: to destroy: to bite, sting,
satirise:--_pr.p._ nip'ping; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ nipped.--_n._ a pinch: a
seizing or closing in upon: a cutting off the end: a blast: destruction by
frost: (_min._) a more or less gradual thinning out of a stratum: (_naut._)
a short turn in a rope, the part of a rope at the place bound by the
seizing or caught by jambing.--_ns._ NIP'-CHEESE, a stingy fellow:
(_naut._) the purser's steward; NIP'PER, he who, or that which, nips: one
of various tools or implements like pincers: one of a pair of automatically
locking handcuffs: a chela or great claw, as of a crab: the young bluefish:
a boy who attends on navvies: (_obs._) a thief: one of the four fore-teeth
of a horse: (_pl._) small pincers.--_v.t._ to seize (two ropes)
together.--_adv._ NIP'PINGLY.--NIP IN THE BUD, to cut off in the earliest
stage. [From root of _knife_; Dut. _knijpen_, Ger. _kneipen_, to pinch.]
NIPPERTY-TIPPERTY, nip'[.e]r-ti-tip'[.e]r-ti, _adj._ (_Scot._) silly,
frivolous.
NIPPLE, nip'l, _n._ the pap by which milk is drawn from the breasts of
females: a teat: a small projection with an orifice, as the nipple of a
gun.--_v.t._ to furnish with a nipple.--_ns._ NIPP'LE-SHIELD, a defence for
the nipple worn by nursing women; NIPP'LE-WORT, a small, yellow-flowered
plant of remedial use. [A dim. of _neb_ or _nib_.]
NIPPY, nip'i, _adj._ (_Scot._) sharp in taste: curt: parsimonious.
NIPTER, nip't[.e]r, _n._ the ecclesiastical ceremony of washing the
feet--the same as maundy. [Gr. _nipt[=e]r_, a basin--_niptein_, to wash.]
NIRLES, NIRLS, nirlz, _n._ herpes.
NIRVANA, nir-vä'na, _n._ the cessation of individual existence--the state
to which a Buddhist aspires as the best attainable. [Sans., 'a blowing
out.']
NIS, nis (_Spens._), is not. [A contr. of _ne is_.]
NIS, nis, _n._ a hobgoblin. [Same as _Nix_.]
NISAN, n[=i]'san, _n._ the name given after the Captivity to the Jewish
month Abib. [Heb.]
NISI, n[=i]'s[=i], _conj._ unless, placed after the words 'decree' or
'rule,' to indicate that the decree or rule will be made absolute unless,
after a time, some condition referred to be fulfilled.--NISI PRIUS, the
name usually given in England to the sittings of juries in civil
cases--from the first two words of the old Latin writ summoning the juries
to appear at Westminster _unless_, _before_ the day appointed, the judges
shall have come to the county.
NISUS, n[=i]'sus, _n._ effort, attempt.--NISUS FORMATIVUS (_biol._),
formative effort. [L.]
NIT, nit, _n._ the egg of a louse or other small insect.--_adj._ NIT'TY,
full of nits. [A.S. _hnitu_; Ger. _niss_.]
NITHING, n[=i]'_th_ing, _adj._ wicked, mean.--_n._ a wicked man. [A.S.
_níthing_; Ger. _neiding_.]
NITHSDALE, niths'd[=a]l, _n._ a hood which can be drawn over the face.
[From the Jacobite Earl of _Nithsdale_ who escaped from the Tower in
women's clothes brought in by his wife, in 1716.]
NITID, nit'id, _adj._ shining: gay.--_n._ N[=I]'TENCY, brightness. [L.
_nitidus_--_nit[=e]re_, to shine.]
NITRE, n[=i]'t[.e]r, _n._ the nitrate of potash--also called
_Saltpetre_.--_n._ N[=I]'TR[=A]TE, a salt of nitric acid.--_adjs._
N[=I]'TR[=A]TED, combined with nitric acid; N[=I]'TRIC, pertaining to,
formed from, or containing or resembling nitre.--_n._ N[=I]'TRIC AC'ID, an
acid got by distilling a mixture of sulphuric acid and nitrate of
sodium--it acts powerfully on metals, and is known by the name of
_Aqua-fortis_.--_adj._ NITRIF'EROUS, nitre-bearing.--_n._
NITRIFIC[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ N[=I]'TRIFY, to convert into nitre.--_v.i._ to
become nitre:--_pr.p._ n[=i]'trifying; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._
n[=i]'trified.--_ns._ N[=I]'TRITE, a salt of nitrous acid;
N[=I]'TRO-BEN'ZOL, a yellow oily fluid, obtained by treating benzol with
warm fuming nitric acid--used in perfumery and known as _Essence of
mirbane_; N[=I]'TRO-GLYC'ERINE, a powerfully explosive compound produced by
the action of nitric and sulphuric acids on glycerine--sometimes used in
minute doses as a medicine.--_adjs._ NITROSE', N[=I]'TROUS, resembling, or
containing, nitre.--_n._ N[=I]'TROUS OX'IDE, a combination of oxygen and
nitrogen, called also _Laughing gas_, which causes, when breathed,
insensibility to pain.--_adj._ N[=I]'TRY, of or producing nitre.--CUBIC
NITRE, nitrate of soda, so called because it crystallises in cubes.
[Fr.,--L. _nitrum_--Gr. _nitron_, natron, potash, soda--Ar. _nitrún_,
_natrún_.]
NITROGEN, n[=i]'tro-jen, _n._ a gas forming nearly four-fifths of common
air, a necessary constituent of every organised body, so called from its
being an essential constituent of nitre.--_adjs._ NITROGEN'IC,
NITROG'ENOUS.--_v.t._ NITROG'ENISE, to impregnate with nitrogen.--_n._
NITROM'ETER, an apparatus for estimating nitrogen in some of its
combinations. [Gr. _nitron_, and _gennaein_, to generate.]
NITTER, nit'[.e]r, _n._ a bot-fly, the horse-bot.
NITTINGS, nit'ingz, _n.pl._ small particles of coal or refuse of any ore.
NIVAL, n[=i]'val, _adj._ snowy, growing among snow.--_adj._ NIV'EOUS,
snowy, white.--_n._ NIVÔSE (n[=e]-v[=o]z'), the 4th month of the French
revolutionary calendar, Dec. 21-Jan. 19. [L. _niveus_--_nix_, _nivis_,
snow.]
NIX, niks, _n._ (_Teut. myth._) a water-spirit, mostly malignant.--Also
NIX'IE, NIX'Y. [Ger. _nix_; cf. _Nicker_.]
NIX, niks, _n._ nothing: (_U.S._) in the postal service, anything
unmailable because addressed to places which are not post-offices or to
post-offices not existing in the States, &c., indicated in the
address--usually in _pl._ [Ger. _nichts_, nothing.]
NIX, niks, _interj._ a roughs' street-cry of warning at the policeman, &c.
NIZAM, ni-zam', _n._ the title of the sovereign of Hyderabad in India,
first used in 1713: _sing._ and _pl._ the Turkish regulars, or one of them.
[Hind., contr. of _Nizam-ul-Mulk_=Regulator of the state.]
NO, n[=o], _adv._ the word of refusal or denial: not at all: never: not so:
not.--_n._ a denial: a vote against or in the negative:--_pl._ NOES
(n[=o]z).--_adj._ not any: not one: none.--_advs._ N[=O]'WAY, in no way,
manner, or degree--also N[=O]'WAYS; N[=O]'WISE, in no way, manner, or
degree.--NO ACCOUNT, worthless; NO DOUBT, surely; NO GO (see GO); NO JOKE,
not a trifling matter. [A.S. _ná_, compounded of _ne_, not, and _á_ ever;
_nay_, the neg. of _aye_, is Scand.]
NOACHIAN, n[=o]-[=a]'ki-an, _adj._ pertaining to the patriarch _Noah_, or
to his time--also NOACH'IC.--NOAH'S ARK, a child's toy in imitation of the
ark of Noah and its inhabitants.
NOB, nob, _n._ the head: a knobstick.--ONE FOR HIS NOB, a blow on the head
in boxing: a point at cribbage by holding the knave of trumps. [_Knob._]
NOB, nob, _n._ a superior sort of person.--_adv._ NOB'BILY.--_adj._ NOB'BY,
smart, fashionable: good, capital. [A contr. of _nobleman._]
NOBBLE, nob'l, _v.t._ (_slang_) to get hold of dishonestly, to steal: to
baffle or circumvent dexterously: to injure, destroy the chances of, as a
racer.--_n._ NOBB'LER, a finishing-stroke: a thimble-rigger's confederate:
a dram of spirits.
NOBILITY, no-bil'i-ti, _n._ the quality of being noble: high rank: dignity:
excellence: greatness of mind or character: antiquity of family: descent
from noble ancestors: the persons holding the rank of nobles.--_adj._
NOBIL'IARY, pertaining to the nobility.--_v.t._ NOBIL'ITATE, to
ennoble.--_n._ NOBILIT[=A]'TION.
NOBLE, n[=o]'bl, _adj._ illustrious: high in rank or character: of high
birth: magnificent: generous: excellent.--_n._ a person of exalted rank: a
peer: an obsolete gold coin=6s. 8d. sterling.--_n._ N[=O]'BLEMAN, a man who
is noble or of rank: a peer: one above a commoner.--_adj._
N[=O]'BLE-MIND'ED, having a noble mind.--_ns._ N[=O]BLE-MIND'EDNESS;
N[=O]'BLENESS, the quality of being noble: excellence in quality: dignity:
greatness by birth or character: ingenuousness: worth; NOBLESS', NOBLESSE'
(_Spens._), nobility: greatness: the nobility collectively; N[=O]'BLEWOMAN,
the fem. of NOBLEMAN.--_adv._ N[=O]'BLY.--NOBLE ART, boxing; NOBLE METALS
(see METAL).--MOST NOBLE, the style of a duke. [Fr.,--L. _nobilis_, obs.
_gnobilis_--_nosc[)e]re_ (_gnosc[)e]re_), to know.]
NOBODY, n[=o]'bod-i, _n._ no body or person: no one: a person of no
account, one not in fashionable society.
NOCAKE, n[=o]'k[=a]k, _n._ meal made of parched corn, once much used by
North American Indians on the march. [Amer. Ind. _nookik_, meal.]
NOCENT, n[=o]'sent, _adj._ (_obs._) hurtful: guilty.--_n._ one who is
hurtful or guilty.--_adv._ N[=O]'CENTLY. [L. _noc[=e]re_, to hurt.]
NOCK, nok, _n._ the forward upper end of a sail that sets with a boom: a
notch, esp. that on the butt-end of an arrow for the string. [Cf. _Notch._]
NOCTAMBULATION, nok-tam-b[=u]-l[=a]'shun, _n._ walking in sleep.--_ns._
NOCTAM'BULISM, sleep-walking; NOCTAM'BULIST, one who walks in his sleep.
[L. _nox_, _noctis_, night, _ambul[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to walk.]
NOCTILIO, nok-til'i-[=o], _n._ a genus of American bats.
NOCTILUCA, nok-ti-l[=u]'ka, _n._ a phosphorescent marine Infusorian,
abundant around the British coasts, one of the chief causes of the
phosphorescence of the waves.--_adjs._ NOCTIL[=U]'CENT, NOCTIL[=U]'CID,
NOCTIL[=U]'COUS, shining in the dark. [L. _nox_, _noctis_, night,
_luc[=e]re_, to shine.]
NOCTIVAGANT, nok-tiv'a-gant, _adj._ wandering in the night.--_n._
NOCTIVAG[=A]'TION.--_adj._ NOCTIV'AGOUS. [L. _nox_, _noctis_, night,
_vag[=a]ri_, to wander.]
NOCTOGRAPH, nok'to-graf, _n._ a writing-frame for the blind: an instrument
for recording the presence of a night-watchman on his beat.--_n._
NOCTURN'OGRAPH, an instrument for recording work done in factories, &c.,
during the night. [L. _nox_, Gr. _graphein_, to write.]
NOCTUA, nok't[=u]-a, _n._ a generic name variously used--giving name to the
NOCT[=U]'IDÆ, a large family of nocturnal lepidopterous insects,
strong-bodied moths.--_n._ NOC'TUID.--_adjs._ NOCT[=U]'IDOUS; NOC'TUIFORM;
NOC'TUOID.
NOCTUARY, nok't[=u]-[=a]-ri, _n._ an account kept of the events or thoughts
of night.
NOCTULE, nok't[=u]l, _n._ a vespertilionine bat. [Fr.,--L. _nox_, _noctis_,
night.]
NOCTURN, nok'turn, _n._ in the early church, a service of psalms and
prayers at midnight or at daybreak: a portion of the psalter used at
nocturns. [Fr. _nocturne_--L. _nocturnus_--_nox_, _noctis_, night.]
NOCTURNAL, nok-tur'nal, _adj._ pertaining to night: happening by night:
nightly.--_n._ an instrument for observations in the night.--_adv._
NOCTUR'NALLY.
NOCTURNE, nok'turn, _n._ a painting showing a scene by night: a piece of
music of a dreamy character suitable to evening or night thoughts: a
serenade: a reverie. [Fr.; cf. _Nocturn_.]
NOCUOUS, nok'[=u]-us, _adj._ hurtful.--_adv._ NOC'UOUSLY. [L.
_nocuus_--_noc[=e]re_, to hurt.]
NOD, nod, _v.i._ to give a quick forward motion of the head: to bend the
head in assent: to salute by a quick motion of the head: to let the head
drop in weariness.--_v.t._ to incline: to signify by a nod:--_pr.p._
nod'ding; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ nod'ded.--_n._ a bending forward of the head
quickly: a slight bow: a command.--_ns._ NOD'DER; NOD'DING.--_adj._
inclining the head quickly: indicating by a nod: acknowledged by a nod
merely, as a nodding acquaintance: (_bot._) having the flower looking
downwards.--LAND OF NOD, the state of sleep. [M. E. _nodden_, not in A.S.;
but cf. Old High Ger. _hn[=o]ton_, to shake, prov. Ger. _notteln_, to wag.]
NODDLE, nod'l, _n._ properly, the projecting part at the back of the head:
the head.--_v.i._ to nod repeatedly. [A variant of _knot_; cf. Old Dut.
_knodde_, a knob, Ger. _knoten_, a knot.]
NODDY, nod'i, _n._ one whose head nods from weakness: a stupid fellow: a
sea-fowl--easily taken: a four-wheeled carriage with a door at the back: an
upright flat spring with a weight on the top, forming an inverted pendulum,
indicating the vibration of any body to which it is attached. [_Nod._]
NODE, n[=o]d, _n._ a knot: a knob: a knot or entanglement: (_astron._) one
of the two points in which the orbit of a planet intersects the plane of
the ecliptic: (_bot._) the joint of a stem: the plot of a piece in poetry:
(_math._) a point at which a curve cuts itself, and through which more than
one tangent to the curve can be drawn: a similar point on a surface, where
there is more than one tangent-plane.--_adjs._ NOD'AL, pertaining to nodes;
NOD[=A]T'ED, knotted.--_ns._ NOD[=A]'TION, the act of making knots: the
state of being knotted; NODE'-COUP'LE, a pair of points on a surface at
which one plane is tangent; NODE'-CUSP, a peculiar kind of curve formed by
the union of a node, a cusp, an inflection, and a bitangent.--_adjs._
NOD'ICAL, pertaining to the nodes: from a node round to the same node
again; NODIF'EROUS (_bot._), bearing nodes; N[=O]'DIFORM; NOD'OSE, full of
knots: having knots or swelling joints: knotty.--_n._ NODOS'ITY.--_adjs._
NOD'ULAR, of or like a nodule; NOD'UL[=A]TED, having nodules.--_ns._
NOD'ULE, NOD'ULUS, a little knot: a small lump.--_adjs._ NOD'ULED, having
nodules or little knots or lumps; NODULIF'EROUS; NOD'ULIFORM; NOD'ULOSE,
NOD'ULOUS (_bot._), having nodules or small knots: knotty.--_ns._
NOD'ULUS:--_pl._ NOD'UL[=I]; N[=O]'DUS:--_pl._ N[=O]'D[=I]. [L. _nodus_
(for _gnodus_), allied to _Knot_.]
NOËL, n[=o]'el, _n._ Christmas.--Same as NOWEL (q.v.).
NOEMATIC, -AL, n[=o]-[=e]-mat'ik, -al, _adj._ intellectual--also NOET'IC,
-AL.--_adv._ NOEMAT'ICALLY.--_n.pl._ NOEM'ICS, intellectual science. [Gr.
_no[=e]ma_--_noein_, to perceive.]
NOETIAN, n[=o]-[=e]'shi-an, _adj._ pertaining to NOË'TUS or NOË'TIANISM, a
form of Patripassianism taught by _Noëtus_ of Smyrna about 200 A.D.
NOG, nog, _n._ a mug, small pot: a kind of strong ale.
NOG, nog, _n._ a tree nail driven through the heels of the shores, to
secure them: one of the pins in the lever of a clutch-coupling: a piece of
wood in an inner wall: a cog in mining.
NOGGIN, nog'in, _n._ a small mug or wooden cup, or its contents, a dram
suitable for one person. [Ir. _noigin_, Gael. _noigean_.]
NOGGING, nog'ging, _n._ a partition of wooden posts with the spaces between
filled up with bricks: brick-building filling up the spaces between the
wooden posts of a partition.
NOHOW, n[=o]'how, _adv._ not in any way, not at all: (_coll._) out of one's
ordinary way, out of sorts.
NOIANCE, noi'ans, _n._ (_Shak._). Same as ANNOYANCE.
NOILS, noilz, _n.pl._ short pieces of wool separated from the longer fibres
by combing.
NOINT, noint, _v.t._ (_Shak._). Same as ANOINT.
NOISE, noiz, _n._ sound of any kind: any over-loud or excessive sound, din:
frequent or public talk: (_Shak._) report: a musical band.--_v.t._ to
spread by rumour.--_v.i._ to sound loud.--_adjs._ NOISE'FUL, noisy;
NOISE'LESS, without noise: silent.--_adv._ NOISE'LESSLY.--_n._
NOISE'LESSNESS.--MAKE A NOISE IN THE WORLD, to attract great notoriety.
[Fr. _noise_, quarrel; prob. from L. _nausea_, disgust; but possibly from
L. _noxa_, hurt--_noc[=e]re_, to hurt.]
NOISETTE, nwo-zet', _n._ a variety of rose. [Fr.]
NOISOME, noi'sum, _adj._ injurious to health: disgusting to sight or
smell.--_adv._ NOI'SOMELY.--_n._ NOI'SOMENESS. [M. E. _noy_, annoyance. Cf.
_Annoy_.]
NOISY, noiz'i, _adj._ making a loud noise or sound: attended with noise:
clamorous: turbulent.--_adv._ NOIS'ILY.--_n._ NOIS'INESS.
NOKES, n[=o]ks, _n._ a simpleton.
NOLENS VOLENS, n[=o]lens vol'ens, unwilling (or) willing:
willy-nilly.--_n._ NOLI-ME-TANGERE (n[=o]'l[=i]-m[=e]-tan'je-r[=e]), the
wild cucumber: lupus of the nose: a picture showing Jesus appearing to Mary
Magdalene, as in John XX.--NOLLE PROSEQUI (nol'e pros'e-kw[=i]), a term
used in English law to indicate that the plaintiff does not intend to go on
with his action. [L. _nolle_, to be unwilling, _velle_, to be willing,
_tang[)e]re_, to touch, _prosequi_, to prosecute.]
NOLL, nol, _n._ the head.
NOM, nong, _n._ name.--NOM DE PLUME, 'pen-name:' the signature assumed by
an author instead of his own name--not a Fr. phrase, but one of Eng.
manufacture from Fr. _nom_, a name, _de_, of, _plume_, a pen.
NOMAD, NOMADE, nom'ad, _n._ one of a tribe that wanders about in quest of
game, or of pasture for their flocks.--_adj._ NOMAD'IC, of or for the
feeding of cattle: pastoral: pertaining to the life of nomads: wandering:
unsettled: rude.--_adv._ NOMAD'ICALLY.--_v.i._ NOM'ADISE, to lead a nomadic
or vagabond life.--_n._ NOM'ADISM, the state of being nomadic: habits of
nomads. [Gr. _nomas_, _nomados_--_nomos_, pasture--_nemein_, to drive to
pasture.]
NOMANCY, n[=o]'man-si, _n._ divination from the letters in a name.
NO-MAN'S-LAND, n[=o]'-manz-land, _n._ a region to which no one possesses a
recognised claim.
NOMARCH, nom'ärk, _n._ the ruler of a NOME, or division of a province, as
in modern Greece.--_n._ NOM'ARCHY, the district governed by a nomarch. [Gr.
_nomos_, district, _arch[=e]_, rule.]
NOMBRIL, nom'bril, _n._ (_her._) the navel-point.
NOME, n[=o]m, _n._ See NOMARCH.
NOMEN, n[=o]'men, _n._ a name, esp. of the _gens_ or clan, as Caius
_Julius_ Cæsar. [L.]
NOMENCLATOR, n[=o]'men-kl[=a]-tor, _n._ one who gives names to
things:--_fem._ N[=O]'MENCLATRESS.--_adjs._ NOMENCLAT[=O]'RIAL,
N[=O]'MENCL[=A]TORY, N[=O]'MENCL[=A]T[=U]RAL.--_n._ N[=O]'MENCL[=A]TURE, a
system of naming: a list of names: a calling by name: the peculiar terms of
a science. [L.,--_nomen_, a name, _cal[=a]re_, to call.]
NOMIAL, n[=o]'mi-al, _n._ (_alg._) a single name or term.
NOMIC, nom'ik, _adj._ customary, applied to the common mode of
spelling--opp. to _Glossic_ and _Phonetic_. [Gr. _nomos_, custom.]
NOMINAL, nom'in-al, _adj._ pertaining to a name: existing only in name:
having a name.--_ns._ NOM'INALISM, the doctrine that general terms have no
corresponding reality either in or out of the mind, being mere words;
NOM'INALIST, one of a sect of philosophers who held the doctrine of
nominalism.--_adj._ NOMINALIST'IC, pertaining to nominalism.--_adv._
NOM'INALLY. [L. _nominalis_--_nomen_, _-[)i]nis_, a name.]
NOMINATE, nom'in-[=a]t, _v.t._ to name: to mention by name: to appoint: to
propose by name, as for an office or for an appointment.--_adv._
NOM'IN[=A]TELY, by name.--_ns._ NOM'IN[=A]TION, the act or power of
nominating: state of being nominated; NOM'IN[=A]TION-GAME, in billiards, a
game in which the player has to name beforehand what stroke he is
leading.--_adjs._ NOMIN[=A]T[=I]'VAL; NOM'IN[=A]TIVE, naming: (_gram._)
applied to the case of the subject.--_n._ the naming case, the case in
which the subject is expressed.--_adv._ NOM'IN[=A]TIVELY.--_n._
NOM'IN[=A]TOR, one who nominates.--NOMINATIVE ABSOLUTE, a grammatical
construction in which we have a subject (noun or pronoun) combined with a
participle, but not connected with a finite verb or governed by any other
words, as 'All being well, I will come.' [L. _nomin[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to
name--_nomen_.]
NOMINEE, nom-in-[=e]', _n._ one who is nominated by another: one on whose
life an annuity or lease depends: one to whom the holder of a copyhold
estate surrenders his interest.
NOMISTIC, n[=o]-mis'tik, _adj._ pertaining to laws founded on a sacred
book. [Gr. _nomos_, a law.]
NOMOCRACY, n[=o]-mok'ra-si, _n._ a government according to a code of laws.
[Gr. _nomos_, law, _kratia_--_kratein_, to rule.]
NOMOGENY, n[=o]-moj'e-ni, _n._ the origination of life according to natural
law, not miracle--opp. to _Thaumatogeny_. [Gr. _nomos_, law,
_geneia_--_gen[=e]s_, producing.]
NOMOGRAPHY, n[=o]-mog'ra-fi, _n._ the art of drawing up laws in proper
form.--_n._ NOMOG'RAPHER, one versed in this art. [Gr. _nomos_, law,
_graphein_, to write.]
NOMOLOGY, no-mol'[=o]-ji, _n._ the science of the laws of the mind.--_adj._
NOMOLOG'ICAL.--_n._ NOMOL'OGIST. [Gr. _nomos_, law, _logia_,
discourse--_legein_, to speak.]
NOMOS, nom'os, _n._ in modern Greece, a nome.
NOMOTHETIC, nom-[=o]-thet'ik, _adj._ legislative: founded on a system of
laws, or by a lawgiver. [Gr. _nomothet[=e]s_, a lawgiver, one of a body of
heliasts or jurors in ancient Athens, charged with the decision as to any
proposed change in legislation.]
NON, non, _adv._ not, a Latin word used as a prefix, as in _ns._
NON-ABIL'ITY, want of ability; NON-ACCEPT'ANCE, want of acceptance: refusal
to accept; NON-AC'CESS (_law_), absence of opportunity for marital
commerce; NON-ACQUAINT'ANCE, want of acquaintance; NON-ACQUIESC'ENCE,
refusal of acquiescence; NON-ADMISS'ION, refusal of admission: failure to
be admitted; NON-ALIEN[=A]'TION, state of not being alienated: failure to
alienate; NON-APPEAR'ANCE, failure or neglect to appear, esp. in a court of
law; NON-ARR[=I]'VAL, failure to arrive; NON-ATTEND'ANCE, a failure to
attend: absence; NON-ATTEN'TION, inattention; NON'-CLAIM, a failure to make
claim within the time limited by law; NON-COM'BATANT, any one connected
with an army who is there for some other purpose than that of fighting, as
a surgeon, &c.: a civilian in time of war.--_adjs._ NON-COMMISS'IONED, not
having a commission, as an officer in the army below the rank of
commissioned officer--abbrev. NON-COM'.; NON-COMMIT'TAL, unwilling to
commit one's self to any particular opinion or course of conduct, free from
any declared preference or pledge.--_ns._ NON-COMM[=U]'NICANT, one who
abstains from joining in holy communion, or who has not yet communicated;
NON-COMM[=U]N'ION; NON-COMPL[=I]'ANCE, neglect or failure of
compliance.--_adj._ NON-COMPLY'ING.--_n._ NON-CONCUR'RENCE, refusal to
concur.--_adj._ NON-CONDUCT'ING, not conducting or transmitting: not
allowing a fluid or a force to pass along, as glass does not conduct
electricity.--_n._ NON-CONDUCT'OR, a substance which does not conduct or
transmit certain properties or conditions, as heat or electricity.--_adj._
NONCONFORM'ING, not conforming, esp. to an established church.--_n._ and
_adj._ NONCONFORM'IST, one who does not conform: esp. one who refused to
conform or subscribe to the Act of Uniformity in 1662--abbrev.
NON-CON'.--_n._ NONCONFORM'ITY, want of conformity, esp. to the established
church.--_adj._ NON-CONT[=A]'GIOUS, not infectious.--_ns._ NON'-CONTENT,
one not content: in House of Lords, one giving a negative vote;
NON-DELIV'ERY, failure or neglect to deliver.--_adj._ NON-EFFECT'IVE, not
efficient or serviceable: unfitted for service.--_n._ a member of a force
who is not able, for some reason, to take part in active service.--_adj._
NON-EFFIC'IENT, not up to the mark required for service.--_n._ a soldier
who has not yet undergone the full number of drills.--_n._ NON-[=E]'GO, in
metaphysics, the not-I, the object as opposed to the subject, whatever is
not the conscious self.--_adjs._ NON-EGOIS'TICAL; NON-ELAS'TIC, not
elastic; NON-[=E]LECT', not elect.--_n._ one not predestined to
salvation.--_n._ NON-[=E]LEC'TION, state of not being elected.--_adjs._
NON-ELEC'TRIC, -AL, not conducting the electric fluid; NON-EMPHAT'IC;
NON-EMPIR'ICAL, not empirical, not presented in experience;
NON-EPIS'COPAL.--_n._ NON-EPISCOP[=A]'LIAN.--_adj._ NON-ESSEN'TIAL, not
essential: not absolutely required.--_n._ something that may be done
without.--_n._ NON-EXIST'ENCE, negation of existence: a thing that has no
existence.--_adj._ NON-EXIST'ENT.--_n._ NON-EXPORT[=A]'TION.--_adj._
NON-FOR'FEITING, of a life insurance policy not forfeited by reason of
non-payment.--_ns._ NON-FULFIL'MENT; NON-IMPORT[=A]'TION.--_adj._
NON-IMPORT'ING.--_ns._ NON-INTERVEN'TION, a policy of systematic
non-interference by one country with the affairs of other nations;
NON-INTRU'SION, in Scottish Church history, the principle that a patron
should not force an unacceptable clergyman on an unwilling congregation;
NON-INTRU'SIONIST.--_adj._ NON-ISS'UABLE, not capable of being issued: not
admitting of issue being taken on it.--_n._ NON-JOIN'DER (_law_), the
omitting to join all the parties to the action or suit.--_adj._ NONJUR'ING,
not swearing allegiance.--_n._ NONJUR'OR, one of the clergy in England and
Scotland who would not swear allegiance to William and Mary in 1689,
holding themselves still bound by the oath they had taken to the deposed
king, James II.--_adjs._ NON-L[=U]'MINOUS; NON-MANUFACT'URING;
NON-MARR'YING, not readily disposed to marry; NON-METAL'LIC, not consisting
of metal: not like the metals; NON-MOR'AL, involving no moral
considerations; NON-NAT'URAL, not natural: forced or strained.--_n._ in
ancient medicine, anything not considered of the essence of man, but
necessary to his well-being, as air, food, sleep, rest, &c.--_ns._
NON-OB[=E]'DIENCE; NON-OBSERV'ANCE, neglect or failure to observe;
NON-PAY'MENT, neglect or failure to pay; NON-PERFORM'ANCE, neglect or
failure to perform.--_adjs._ NON-PLACENT'AL; NON-PON'DEROUS.--_n._
NON-PRODUC'TION.--_adj._ NON-PROFESS'IONAL, not done by a professional man,
amateur: not proper to be done by a professional man, as unbecoming conduct
in a physician, &c.--_ns._ NON-PROFIC'IENT, one who has made no progress in
the art or study in which he is engaged; NON-REGARD'ANCE, want of due
regard; NON-RES'IDENCE, failure to reside, or the fact of not residing at a
certain place, where one's official or social duties require one to
reside.--_adj._ NON-RES'IDENT, not residing within the range of one's
responsibilities.--_n._ one who does not do so, as a landlord, clergyman,
&c.--_n._ NON-RESIST'ANCE, the principle of not offering opposition:
passive or ready obedience.--_adjs._ NON-RESIST'ANT, NON-RESIST'ING;
NON-SEX'UAL, sexless, asexual; NON-SOC[=I]'ETY, not belonging to a society,
esp. of a workman not attached to a trades-union, or of a place in which
such men are employed.--_n._ NON-SOL[=U]'TION.--_adjs._ NON-SOL'VENT;
NON-SUBMIS'SIVE.--_n._ NON'SUIT, a legal term in England, which means that
where a plaintiff in a jury trial finds he will lose his case, owing to
some defect or accident, he is allowed to be nonsuited, instead of allowing
a verdict and judgment to go for the defendant.--_v.t._ to record that a
plaintiff drops his suit.--_n._ NON'-TERM, a vacation between two terms of
a law-court.--_adj._ NON-UN'ION (see NON-SOCIETY).--_ns._ NON-[=U]'SAGER
(see USAGE); NON-[=U]'SER (_law_), neglect of official duty: omission to
take advantage of an easement, &c.--_adj._ NON-V[=I]'ABLE, not viable, of a
foetus too young for independent life.
NONAGE, non'[=a]j, _n._ legal infancy, minority: time of immaturity
generally.--_adj._ NON'AGED. [L. _non_, not, and _age_.]
NONAGENARIAN, non-a-je-n[=a]'ri-an, _n._ one who is ninety years
old.--_adj._ relating to ninety.--_adj._ NONAGES'IMAL, belonging to the
number ninety.--_n._ that point of the ecliptic 90 degrees from its
intersection by the horizon. [L. _nonagenarius_, containing
ninety--_nonaginta_, ninety.]
NONAGON, non'a-gon, _n._ (_math._) a plane figure having nine sides and
nine angles. [L. _novem_, nine, _nonus_, ninth, _g[=o]nia_, angle.]
NONCE, nons, _n._ (only in phrase 'for the nonce') the present time,
occasion.--NONCE-WORD, a word specially coined, like Carlyle's _gigmanity_.
[The substantive has arisen by mistake from 'for the nones,' originally
_for then ones_, meaning simply 'for the once.']
NONCHALANCE, non'shal-ans, _n._ unconcern: coolness: indifference.--_adj._
NONCHALANT (non'sha-lant).--_adv._ NON'CHALANTLY. [Fr., _non_, not,
_chaloir_, to care for--L. _cal[=e]re_, to be warm.]
NONDESCRIPT, non'de-skript, _adj._ novel: odd.--_n._ anything not yet
described or classed: a person or thing not easily described or classed.
[L. _non_, not, _descriptus_, _describ[)e]re_, to describe.]
NONE, nun, _adj._ and _pron._ not one: not any: not the smallest
part.--_adv._ in no respect: to no extent or degree.--_n._
NONE'-SO-PRETT'Y, or London Pride, _Saxifraga umbrosa_, a common English
garden-plant.--_adj._ NONE'-SPAR'ING (_Shak._), all-destroying. [M. E.
_noon_, _non_--A.S. _nán_--_ne_, not, _án_, one.]
NONENTITY, non-en'ti-ti, _n._ want of entity or being: a thing not
existing: a person of no importance.
NONES, n[=o]nz, _n.pl._ in the Roman calendar, the ninth day before the
Ides (both days included)--the 5th of Jan., Feb., April, June, Aug., Sept.,
Nov., Dec., and the 7th of the other months: the Divine office for the
ninth hour, or three o'clock. [L. _nonæ_--_nonus_ for _novenus_,
ninth--_novem_, nine.]
NON EST, non est, _adj._ for absent, being a familiar shortening of the
legal phrase _non est inventus_=he has not been found (_coll_).
NONESUCH, nun'such, _n._ a thing like which there is none such: an
extraordinary thing.
NONET, n[=o]-net', _n._ (_mus._) a composition for nine voices or
instruments.
NON-FEASANCE, non-f[=e]'zans, _n._ omission of something which ought to be
done, distinguished from _Misfeasance_, which means the wrongful use of
power or authority. [Pfx. _non_, not, O. Fr. _faisance_, doing--_faire_--L.
_fac[)e]re_, to do.]
NONILLION, n[=o]-nil'yun, _n._ the number produced by raising a million to
the ninth power.
NONINO. See NONNY.
NONNY, non'i, _n._ a meaningless refrain in Old English ballads, &c.,
usually 'hey, nonny'--often repeated _nonny-nonny_, _nonino_, as a cover
for obscenity.
NONPAREIL, non-pa-rel', _n._ a person or thing without equal or unique: a
fine apple: a printing-type forming about twelve lines to the inch, between
emerald (larger) and ruby (smaller).--_adj._ without an equal: matchless.
[Fr.,--_non_, not, _pareil_, equal--Low L. _pariculus_, dim. of _par_,
equal.]
NONPLUS, non'plus, _n._ a state in which no more can be done or said: great
difficulty.--_v.t._ to perplex completely, to puzzle:--_pr.p._
non'plussing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ non'plussed. [L. _non_, not, _plus_,
more.]
NON POSSUMUS, non pos'[=u]-mus, we are not able: we cannot, a plea of
inability. [L., 1st pl. pres. ind. of _posse_, to be able.]
NONSENSE, non'sens, _n._ that which has no sense: language without meaning:
absurdity: trifles.--_adj._ NONSENS'ICAL, without sense: absurd.--_ns._
NONSENSICAL'ITY, NONSENS'ICALNESS.--_adv._ NONSENS'ICALLY.--NONSENSE NAME,
an arbitrarily coined name, for mnemonic purposes, &c.; NONSENSE VERSES,
verses perfect in form but without any connected sense, being merely
exercises in metre, &c.: verses intentionally absurd, like that of the
Jabberwock in _Through the Looking-glass_.
NON SEQUITUR, non sek'wi-tur, it does not follow: a wrong conclusion: one
that does not follow from the premises. [L. _non_, not, and 3d sing. pres.
ind. of _sequi_, to follow.]
NOODLE, n[=oo]d'l, _n._ a simpleton: a blockhead.--_n._ NOOD'LEDOM.
[_Noddy._]
NOODLE, n[=oo]d'l, _n._ dried dough of wheat-flour and eggs, used in soup
or as a baked dish.
NOOK, n[=oo]k, _n._ a corner: a narrow place formed by an angle: a recess:
a secluded retreat.--_adjs._ NOOK'-SHOT'TEN, full of nooks and corners;
NOOK'Y. [Gael. and Ir. _niuc_; Scot. _neuk_.]
NOOLOGY, no-ol'o-ji, _n._ the science of the phenomena of the mind, or of
the facts of intellect. [Gr. _noos_, the mind, _logia_, discourse.]
NOON, n[=oo]n, _n._ the ninth hour of the day in Roman and ecclesiastical
reckoning, three o'clock P.M.: afterwards (when the church service for the
ninth hour, called _Nones_, was shifted to midday) midday: twelve o'clock:
middle: height.--_adj._ belonging to midday: meridional.--_v.i._ to rest at
noon.--_n._ NOON'DAY, midday: the time of greatest prosperity.--_adj._
pertaining to midday: meridional.--_ns._ NOON'ING, a rest about noon: a
repast at noon; NOON'TIDE, the tide or time of noon: midday.--_adj._
pertaining to noon: meridional. [A.S. _nón-tíd_ (noontide)--L. _nona_
(_hora_), the ninth (hour).]
NOOSE, n[=oo]s, or n[=oo]z, _n._ a running knot which ties the firmer the
closer it is drawn: a snare or knot generally.--_v.t._ to tie or catch in a
noose. [Prob. O. Fr. _nous_, pl. of _nou_ (Fr. _noeud_)--L. _nodus_, knot.]
NOR, nor, _conj._ and not, a particle introducing the second part of a
negative proposition--correlative to _neither_. [Contr. of
_nother_=_neither_.]
NORIA, n[=o]'ri-a, _n._ a water-raising apparatus in Spain, Syria, and
elsewhere, by means of a large paddle-wheel having fixed to its rim a
series of buckets, a flush-wheel. [Sp.,--Ar.]
NORIMON, nor'i-mon, _n._ a kind of sedan-chair used in Japan. [Jap. _nori_,
ride, _mono_, thing.]
NORLAND, nor'land, _n._ the same as NORTHLAND.
NORM, norm, _n._ a rule: a pattern: an authoritative standard: a type or
typical unit.--_n._ NOR'MA, a rule, model: a square for measuring right
angles.--_adj._ NOR'MAL, according to rule: regular: exact:
perpendicular.--_n._ a perpendicular.--_ns._ NORMALIS[=A]'TION,
NORMAL'ITY.--_v.t._ NOR'MALISE.--_adv._ NOR'MALLY.--_adj._ NOR'MATIVE,
establishing a standard.--NORMAL SCHOOL, a training-college for teachers in
the practice of their profession. [L. _norma_, a rule.]
NORMAN, nor'man, _n._ a native or inhabitant of Normandy: one of that
Scandinavian race which settled in northern France about the beginning of
the 10th century, founded the Duchy of Normandy, and conquered England in
1066--the _Norman Conquest_.--_adj._ pertaining to the Normans or to
Normandy.--_v.t._ NOR'MANISE, to give a Norman character to.--NORMAN
ARCHITECTURE, a round-arched style, a variety of Romanesque, prevalent in
England from the Norman Conquest (1066) till the end of the 12th century,
of massive simplicity, the churches cruciform with semicircular apse and a
great tower rising from the intersection of nave and transept, deeply
recessed doorways, windows small, round-headed, high in wall; NORMAN
FRENCH, a form of French spoken by the Normans, which came into England at
the Norman Conquest, modified the spelling, accent, and pronunciation of
Anglo-Saxon, and enriched it with a large infusion of new words relating to
the arts of life, &c. [_Northmen._]
NORMAN, nor'man, _n._ (_naut._) a bar inserted in a windlass, on which to
fasten or veer a rope or cable.
NORN, norn, _n._ (_Scand. myth._) one of the three fates--Urd, Verdande,
and Skuld.--Also NORN'A.
NORROY, nor'roi, _n._ (_her._) the third of the three English
kings-at-arms, or provincial heralds, whose jurisdiction lies north of the
Trent. [Fr. _nord_, north, _roy_, _roi_, king.]
NORSE, nors, _adj._ pertaining to ancient Scandinavia.--_n._ the language
of ancient Scandinavia--also OLD NORSE.--_n._ NORSE'MAN, a Scandinavian or
Northman. [Ice. _Norskr_; Norw. _Norsk_.]
NORTH, north, _n._ the point opposite the sun at noon: one of the four
cardinal points of the horizon: the side of a church to the left of one
facing the principal altar: that portion of the United States north of the
former slave-holding states--i.e. north of Maryland, the Ohio, and
Missouri.--_adv._ to or in the north.--_ns._ NORTH'-COCK, the snow bunting;
NORTH'-EAST, the point between the north and east, equidistant from
each.--_adj._ belonging to or from the north-east.--_n._ NORTH'-EAST'ER, a
wind from the north-east.--_adjs._ NORTH'-EAST'ERLY, toward or coming from
the north-east; NORTH'-EAST'ERN, belonging to the north-east: being in the
north-east, or in that direction.--_adv._ NORTH'-EAST'WARD, toward the
north-east.--_ns._ NORTH'ER (_th_), a wind or gale from the north, esp.
applied to a cold wind that blows in winter over Texas and the Gulf of
Mexico; NORTH'ERLINESS (_th_), state of being toward the north.--_adj._
NORTH'ERLY (_th_), being toward the north: coming from the north.--_adv._
toward or from the north.--_adj._ NORTH'ERN (_th_), pertaining to the
north: being in the north or in the direction toward it: proceeding from
the north.--_n._ an inhabitant of the north.--_n._ NORTH'ERNER (_th_), a
native of, or resident in, the north, esp. of the northern United
States.--_adjs._ NORTH'ERNMOST (_th_), NORTH'MOST, situate at the point
farthest north.--_ns._ NORTH'ING, motion, distance, or tendency northward:
distance of a heavenly body from the equator northward: difference of
latitude made by a ship in sailing northward: deviation towards the north;
NORTH'MAN, one of the ancient Scandinavians; NORTH'-POLE, the point in the
heavens, or beneath it on the earth's surface, ninety degrees north of the
equator; NORTH'-STAR, the north polar star; NORTHUM'BRIAN, a native of the
modern _Northumberland_, or of the ancient kingdom of _Northumbria_,
stretching from the Humber to the Forth: that variety of English spoken in
Northumbria before the Conquest--also _adj._--_adjs._ NORTH'WARD,
NORTH'WARDLY, being toward the north.--_adv._ toward the north--also
NORTH'WARDS.--_n._ NORTH'-WEST, the point between the north and west,
equidistant from each.--_adj._ pertaining to or from the
north-west.--_adjs._ NORTH'-WEST'ERLY, toward or coming from the
north-west; NORTH'-WEST'ERN, belonging to the north-west: pertaining to, or
being in, the north-west or in that direction.--NORTH WATER, the space of
open sea left by the winter pack of ice moving southward.--NORTH-EAST
PASSAGE, a passage for ships along the north coasts of Europe and Asia to
the Pacific, first made by Nordenskiöld in 1878-79; NORTHERN LIGHTS, the
aurora borealis (q.v.); NORTH-WEST PASSAGE, a sea-way for ships from the
Atlantic into the Pacific along the northern coast of America, first made
by Sir Robert McClure, 1850-54. [A.S. _north_; cf. Ger. _nord_.]
NORWEGIAN, nor-w[=e]'ji-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Norway_--(_Shak._)
NORW[=E]'YAN.--_n._ a native of _Norway_: a kind of fishing-boat on the
Great Lakes.
NOSE, n[=o]z, _n._ the organ of smell: the power of smelling: sagacity: the
projecting part of anything resembling a nose, as the spout of a kettle,
&c.: a drip, a downward projection from a cornice: (_slang_) an
informer.--_v.t._ to smell: to oppose rudely face to face: to sound through
the nose.--_ns._ NOSE'BAG, a bag for a horse's nose, containing oats, &c.;
NOSE'-BAND, the part of the bridle coming over the nose, attached to the
cheek-straps.--_adjs._ NOSED, having a nose--used in composition, as
bottle-_nosed_, long-_nosed_, &c.; NOSE'-LED, led by the nose, ruled and
befooled completely; NOSE'LESS, without a nose.--_ns._ NOSE'-LEAF, a
membranous appendage on the snouts of phyllostomine and rhinolophine bats,
forming a highly sensitive tactile organ; NOSE'-OF-WAX, an over-pliable
person or thing; NOSE'-PIECE, the outer end or point of a pipe, bellows,
&c.: the extremity of the tube of a microscope to which the objective is
attached: a nose-band: the nasal in armour; NOSE'-RING, an ornament worn in
the septum of the nose or in either of its wings; NOS'ING, the projecting
rounded edge of the step of a stair or of a moulding.--AQUILINE NOSE, a
prominent nose, convex in profile; BOTTLE NOSE, a name given to certain
species of cetaceans: an eruption on the nose such as is produced by
intemperate drinking; PUG NOSE, a short turned-up nose; ROMAN NOSE, an
aquiline nose.--HOLD, KEEP, or PUT ONE'S NOSE TO THE GRINDSTONE (see
GRINDSTONE); LEAD BY THE NOSE, to cause to follow blindly; PUT ONE'S NOSE
OUT OF JOINT, to bring down one's pride or sense of importance: to push out
of favour; THRUST ONE'S NOSE INTO, to meddle officiously with anything;
TURN UP ONE'S NOSE (_at_), to express contempt for a person or thing. [A.S.
_nosu_; Ger. _nase_, L. _nasus_.]
NOSEGAY, n[=o]z'g[=a], _n._ a bunch of fragrant flowers: a posy or bouquet.
[From _nose_ and _gay_ (adj.).]
NOSOCOMIAL, nos-[=o]-k[=o]'mi-al, _adj._ relating to a hospital. [Gr.
_nosos_, sickness, _komein_, to take care of.]
NOSOGRAPHY, n[=o]-sog'ra-fi, _n._ the description of diseases.--_adj._
NOSOGRAPH'IC. [Gr. _nosos_, disease, _graphein_, to write.]
NOSOLOGY, nos-ol'o-ji, _n._ the science of diseases: the branch of medicine
which treats of the classification of diseases.--_adj._ NOSOLOG'ICAL.--_n._
NOSOL'OGIST. [Gr. _nosos_, disease, _logia_, discourse.]
NOSONOMY, n[=o]-son'o-mi, _n._ the classification of diseases. [Gr.
_nosos_, a disease, _onoma_, a name.]
NOSOPHOBIA, nos-o-f[=o]'bi-a, _n._ morbid dread of disease. [Gr. _nosos_, a
disease, _phobia_, fear.]
NOSTALGIA, nos-tal'ji-a, _n._ home-sickness, esp. when morbid.--_adj._
NOSTAL'GIC. [Gr. _nostos_, a return, algos, pain.]
NOSTOC, nos'tok, _n._ a genus of Algæ, found in moist places.--Also
_Witches' butter_, _Spittle of the stars_, _Star-jelly_, &c. [Ger.
_nostoch_.]
NOSTOLOGY, nos-tol'o-ji, _n._ the science of the phenomena of extreme old
age or senility in which there is ever seen a return to the characteristics
of the youthful stage.--_adj._ NOSTOLOG'IC. [Gr. _nostos_, return,
_logia_--_legein_, to speak.]
NOSTRADAMUS, nos-tra-d[=a]'mus, _n._ any quack doctor or charlatan--from
the French astrologer (1503-66).
NOSTRIL, nos'tril, _n._ one of the openings of the nose. [M. E.
_nosethirl_--A.S. _nosthyrl_--_nosu_, nose, _thyrel_, opening. Cf. _Drill_,
to pierce, and _Thrill_.]
NOSTRUM, nos'trum, _n._ any secret, quack, or patent medicine: any
favourite remedy or scheme. [L., 'our own,' from _nos_, we.]
NOT, not, _adv._ a word expressing denial, negation, or refusal.--NOT IN IT
(_coll._), having no part in some confidence or advantage. [Same as
_Naught_, from A.S. _ná_, _wiht_, a whit.]
NOTABLE, n[=o]'ta-bl, _adj._ worthy of being known or noted: remarkable:
memorable: distinguished: notorious: capable, clever, industrious.--_n._ a
person or thing worthy of note, esp. in _pl._ for persons of distinction
and political importance in France in pre-Revolution times.--_n.pl._
NOTABIL'IA, things worthy of notice: noteworthy sayings.--_ns._
NOTABIL'ITY, the being notable: a notable person or thing;
N[=O]'TABLENESS.--_adv._ N[=O]'TABLY.
NOTÆUM, n[=o]-t[=e]'um, _n._ the upper surface of a bird's trunk--opp. to
_Gastræum_: a dorsal buckler in some gasteropods. [Gr. _n[=o]tos_, the
back.]
NOTALGIA, n[=o]-tal'ji-a, _n._ pain in the back.--_adj._ NOTAL'GIC. [Gr.
_n[=o]tos_, the back, _algos_, pain.]
NOTANDA, n[=o]-tan'da, _n.pl._ something to be specially noted or
observed:--_sing._ NOTAN'DUM. [L. pl. ger. of _not[=a]re_, to note.]
NOTARY, n[=o]'ta-ri, _n._ an officer authorised to certify deeds,
contracts, copies of documents, affidavits, &c.--generally called a NOTARY
PUBLIC--anciently one who took notes or memoranda of others' acts.--_adj._
NOT[=A]'RIAL.--_adv._ NOT[=A]'RIALLY.--APOSTOLICAL NOTARY, the official who
despatches the orders of the Pope; ECCLESIASTICAL NOTARY, in the early
church, a secretary who recorded the proceedings of councils, &c. [L.
_notarius_.]
NOTATION, n[=o]-t[=a]'shun, _n._ the act or practice of recording by marks
or symbols: a system of signs or symbols.--_adj._ N[=O]'TATE (_bot._),
marked with coloured spots or lines.--CHEMICAL NOTATION (see CHEMISTRY).
[L.,--_not[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to mark.]
NOTCH, noch, _n._ a nick cut in anything: an indentation, incision,
incisure: a narrow pass in a rock, or between two mountains.--_v.t._ to cut
a hollow into.--_n._ NOTCH'-BOARD, the board which receives the ends of the
steps of a staircase--also _Bridge-board_.--_adjs._ NOTCH'-EARED, having
emarginate ears, as the notch-eared bat; NOTCHED, nicked.--_n._ NOTCH'ING,
a method of joining framing-timbers, by halving, scarfing, or caulking.
[From a Teut. root, as in Old Dut. _nock_. Cf. _Nick_, a notch.]
NOTCHEL, NOCHEL, noch'el, _v.t._ (_prov._) to repudiate.
NOTE, n[=o]t, _n._ that by which a person or thing is known: a mark or sign
calling attention: a brief explanation: a short remark: a brief report, a
catalogue, a bill: a memorandum: a short letter: a diplomatic paper: a
small size of paper used for writing: (_mus._) a mark representing a sound,
also the sound itself, air, tune, tone, also a digital or key of the
keyboard: a paper acknowledging a debt and promising payment, as a
bank-note, a note of hand: notice, heed, observation: reputation:
fame.--_v.t._ to make a note of: to notice: to attend to: to record in
writing: to furnish with notes.--_n._ NOTE'-BOOK, a book in which notes or
memoranda are written: a bill-book.--_adj._ NOT'ED, marked: well known:
celebrated: eminent: notorious.--_adv._ NOT'EDLY.--_n._ NOT'EDNESS.--_adj._
NOTE'LESS, not attracting notice.--_ns._ NOTE'-P[=A]'PER, folded
writing-paper for letters (_commercial_, 5 × 8 in.; _octavo_, 4½ × 7;
_billet_, 4 × 6; _queen_, 3½ × 5-3/8; _packet_, 5½ × 9; _Bath_, 7 × 8);
NOT'ER, one who notes or observes: one who makes notes, an annotator;
NOTE'-SHAV'ER (_U.S._), a money-lender.--_adj._ NOTE'WORTHY, worthy of note
or of notice.--NOTE A BILL, to record on the back of it a refusal of
acceptance, as a ground of protest. [Fr.,--L. _nota_, _nosc[)e]re_,
_notum_, to know.]
NOTE, n[=o]t (_Spens._), wot or knew not (a contr. of _ne wot_): could not
(a contr. of _ne mote_).
NOTHING, nuth'ing, _n._ no thing: non-existence: absence of being: a low
condition: no value or use: not anything of importance, a trifle: utter
insignificance, no difficulty or trouble: no magnitude: a cipher.--_adv._
in no degree: not at all.--_adj._ and _n._ NOTHING[=A]'RIAN, believing
nothing.--_ns._ NOTHING[=A]'RIANISM; NOTH'ING-GIFT (_Shak._), a gift of no
value; NOTH'INGISM, nihility; NOTH'INGNESS, state of being nothing or of no
value: a thing of no value.--NOTHING BUT, no more than: only; NOTHING LESS
THAN, equal to: as much as.--COME TO NOTHING, to have no result: to turn
out a failure; MAKE NOTHING OF, to consider as of no difficulty or
importance; NECK OR NOTHING (see NECK); NEXT TO NOTHING, almost nothing.
[_No_ and _thing_.]
NOTICE, n[=o]t'is, _n._ act of noting or observing: attention: observation:
information: warning: a writing containing information: public intimation:
civility or respectful treatment: remark.--_v.t._ to mark or see: to regard
or attend to: to mention: to make observations upon: to treat with
civility.--_adj._ NOT'ICEABLE, that can be noticed: worthy of notice:
likely to be noticed.--_adv._ NOT'ICEABLY.--_n._ NOT'ICE-BOARD, a board on
which a notice is fixed.--GIVE NOTICE, to warn beforehand: to inform.
[Fr.,--L. _notitia_--_nosc[)e]re_, _notum_, to know.]
NOTIFY, n[=o]'ti-f[=i], _v.t._ to make known: to declare: to give notice or
information of:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ n[=o]'tified.--_adj._ N[=O]'TIFIABLE,
that must be made known.--_n._ NOTIFIC[=A]'TION, the act of notifying: the
notice given: the paper containing the notice. [Fr.,--L. _notific[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_--_notus_, known, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
NOTION, n[=o]'shun, _n._ the art of forming a conception in the mind of the
various marks or qualities of an object: the result of this act, a
conception: opinion: belief: judgment: a caprice or whim: any small article
ingeniously devised or invented, usually in _pl._--_adj._ N[=O]'TIONAL, of
the nature of a notion: ideal: fanciful.--_adv._ N[=O]'TIONALLY, in notion
or mental apprehension: in idea, not in reality.--_n._ N[=O]'TIONIST, one
who holds ungrounded opinions. [Fr.,--L. _notion-em_--_nosc[)e]re_,
_notum_, to know.]
NOTITIA, n[=o]-tish'i-a, _n._ a roll, list, register: a catalogue of public
functionaries, with their districts: a list of episcopal sees. [L.; cf.
_Notice_.]
NOTOBRANCHIATE, n[=o]-t[=o]-brang'ki-[=a]t, _adj._ and _n._ having dorsal
gills, belonging to NOTOBRANCHI[=A]'TA, an order of worms having such. [Gr.
_n[=o]tos_, the back, _brangchia_, gills.]
NOTOCHORD, n[=o]'t[=o]-kord, _n._ a simple cellular rod, the basis of the
future spinal column, persisting throughout life in many lower vertebrates,
as the amphioxus, &c.--_adj._ N[=O]'TOCHORDAL. [Gr. _n[=o]tos_, the back,
_chord[=e]_, a string.]
NOTODONTIFORM, n[=o]-t[=o]-don'ti-form, _adj._ resembling a tooth-back or
moth of the family _Notodontidæ_. [Gr. _n[=o]tos_, back, _odous_, tooth, L.
_forma_, form.]
NOTONECTAL, n[=o]-t[=o]-nek'tal, _adj._ swimming on the back, as certain
insects: related to the _Notonectidæ_, a family of aquatic bugs, the
boat-flies or water-boatmen. [Gr. _n[=o]tos_, the back, _n[=e]kt[=e]s_, a
swimmer.]
NOTOPODAL, n[=o]-top'[=o]-dal, _adj._ pertaining to the NOTOP'ODA, a
division of decapods, including the dromioid crabs, &c.--Also NOTOP'ODOUS.
[Gr. _n[=o]tos_, the back, _pous_, _podos_, the foot.]
NOTOPODIUM, n[=o]-t[=o]-p[=o]'di-um, _n._ the dorsal or upper part of the
parapodium of an annelid, a dorsal oar.--_adj._ NOTOP[=O]'DIAL. [Gr.
_n[=o]tos_, the back, _pous_, _podos_, the foot.]
NOTORIOUS, no-t[=o]'ri-us, _adj._ publicly known (now used in a bad sense):
infamous.--_n._ NOTOR[=I]'ETY, state of being notorious: publicity: public
exposure.--_adv._ NOT[=O]'RIOUSLY.--_n._ NOT[=O]'RIOUSNESS. [Low L.
_notorius_--_not[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to mark--_nosc[)e]re_.]
NOTORNIS, n[=o]-tor'nis, _n._ a genus of gigantic ralline birds, with wings
so much reduced as to be incapable of flight, which have within historical
times become extinct in New Zealand, &c. [Gr. _n[=o]tos_, the south,
_ornis_, a bird.]
NOTOTHERIUM, n[=o]-t[=o]-th[=e]'ri-um, _n._ a genus of gigantic fossil
kangaroo-like marsupials, found in Australia. [Gr. _n[=o]tos_, the south,
_th[=e]rion_, a wild beast.]
NOTOTREMA, n[=o]-t[=o]-tr[=e]'ma, _n._ the pouch-toads, a genus of
_Hylidæ_.--_adj._ NOTOTREM'ATOUS. [Gr. _n[=o]tos_, the back, _tr[=e]ma_, a
hole.]
NOTOUR, no-t[=oo]r', _adj._ (_Scot._) well known, notorious.
NOTT-HEADED, not'-hed'ed, _adj._ (_Shak._) having the hair cut
bare.--NOTT'-PAT'ED. [A.S. _hnot_, shorn.]
NOTUM, n[=o]'tum, _n._ the dorsal aspect of the thorax in insects. [Gr.
_n[=o]tos_, the back.]
NOTUS, n[=o]'tus, _n._ the south or south-west wind. [L.]
NOTWITHSTANDING, not-with-stand'ing, _prep._ in spite of.--_conj._ in spite
of the fact that, although.--_adv._ nevertheless, however, yet. [Orig. a
participial phrase in nominative absolute=L. _non obstante_.]
NOUGAT, n[=oo]-gä', _n._ a confection made of a sweet paste filled with
chopped almonds or pistachio-nuts. [Fr. (cf. Sp. _nogado_, an
almond-cake)--L. _nux_, _nucis_, a nut.]
NOUGHT, nawt, _n._ not anything: nothing.--_adv._ in no degree.--SET AT
NOUGHT, to despise. [Same as _Naught_.]
NOUL, n[=o]l, _n._ (_Spens._) the top of the head. [A.S. _hnoll_, top or
summit.]
NOULD, n[=oo]ld (_Spens._), would not. [A contr. of _ne would_.]
NOUMENON, n[=oo]'me-non, _n._ an unknown and unknowable substance or thing
as it is in itself--opp. to _Phenomenon_, or the form through which it
becomes known to the senses or the understanding:--_pl._ NOU'MENA.--_adj._
NOU'MENAL. [Gr. _noumenon_, pa.p. of _noein_, to perceive--_nous_, the
mind.]
NOUN, nown, _n._ (_gram._) the name of any person or thing.--_adj._
NOUN'AL. [O. Fr. _non_ (Fr. _nom_)--L. _nomen_, name.]
NOURICE, nur'is, _n._ (_Spens._) a nurse. [_Nurse._]
NOURISH, nur'ish, _v.t._ to suckle: to feed or bring up: to support: to
help forward growth in any way: to encourage: to cherish: to
educate.--_adjs._ NOUR'ISHABLE, able to be nourished.--_n._
NOUR'ISHER.--_adj._ NOUR'ISHING, giving nourishment.--_n._ NOUR'ISHMENT,
the act of nourishing or the state of being nourished: that which
nourishes: nutriment. [O. Fr. _norir_ (Fr. _nourrir_)--L. _nutr[=i]re_, to
feed.]
NOURSLE, nurs'l, _v.t._ to nurse: to bring up.--Also NOUS'LE. [_Nuzzle._]
NOUS, nows, _n._ intellect: talent: common-sense. [Gr.]
NOVACULITE, n[=o]-vak'[=u]-l[=i]t, _n._ a hone-stone.
NOVALIA, n[=o]-v[=a]'li-a, _n.pl._ (_Scots law_) waste lands newly
reclaimed.
NOVATIAN, n[=o]-v[=a]'shi-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to _Novatianus_, who
had himself ordained Bishop of Rome in opposition to Cornelius (251), and
headed the party of severity against the lapsed in the controversy about
their treatment that arose after the Decian persecution.--_ns._
NOV[=A]'TIANISM; NOV[=A]'TIANIST.
NOVATION, n[=o]-v[=a]'shun, _n._ the substitution of a new obligation for
the one existing: innovation.
NOVEL, nov'el, _adj._ new: unusual: strange.--_n._ that which is new: a new
or supplemental constitution or decree, issued by certain Roman emperors,
as Justinian, after their authentic publications of law (also NOVELL'A): a
fictitious prose narrative or tale presenting a picture of real life, esp.
of the emotional crises in the life-history of the men and women
portrayed.--_n._ NOVELETTE', a small novel.--_v.t._ NOV'ELISE, to change by
introducing novelties: to put into the form of novels.--_v.i._ to make
innovations.--_n._ NOV'ELIST, a novel-writer: an innovator.--_adj._
NOVELIST'IC.--_n._ NOV'ELTY, newness: unusual appearance: anything new,
strange, or different from anything before:--_pl._ NOV'ELTIES. [O. Fr.
_novel_ (Fr. _nouveau_)--L. _novellus_--_novus_.]
NOVEMBER, n[=o]-vem'b[.e]r, _n._ the eleventh month of our year. [The
_ninth_ month of the Roman year; L., from _novem_, nine.]
NOVENA, n[=o]-v[=e]'na, _n._ a devotion lasting nine days, to obtain a
particular request, through the intercession of the Virgin or some saint.
[L. _novenus_, nine each, _novem_, nine.]
NOVENARY, nov'en-a-ri, _adj._ pertaining to the number nine.--_adj._
NOVENE', going by nines. [L. _novenarius_--_novem_, nine.]
NOVENNIAL, n[=o]-ven'yal, _adj._ done every ninth year. [L.
_novennis_--_novem_, nine, _annus_, a year.]
NOVERCAL, n[=o]-v[.e]r'kal, _adj_. pertaining to or befitting a stepmother.
[L. _novercalis_--_noverca_, a stepmother.]
NOVERINT, nov'e-rint, _n._ a writ--beginning with the words _noverint
universi_--let all men know. [3d pers. pl. perf. subj. of _nosc[)e]re_, to
know.]
NOVICE, nov'is, _n._ one new in anything: a beginner: one newly received
into the church: an inmate of a convent or nunnery who has not yet taken
the vow.--_ns._ NOV'ICESHIP; NOVI'CIATE, NOVI'TIATE, the state of being a
novice: the period of being a novice: a novice. [Fr.,--L.
_novitius_--_novus_, new.]
NOVUM, n[=o]'vum, _n._ (_Shak._) a certain game at dice, in which the chief
throws were nine and five.
NOVUS HOMO, nov'us hom'o, _n._ a new man: one who has risen from a low
position to a high dignity.
NOW, now, _adv._ at the present time: at this time or a little
before.--_conj._ but: after this: things being so.--_n._ the present
time.--_advs._ NOW'ADAYS, in days now present.--NOW--NOW, at one time--at
another time. [A.S. _nú_; Ger. _nun_, L. _nunc_, Gr. _nun_.]
NOWEL, NOËL, n[=o]'el, _n._ Christmas: a joyous shout or song at Christmas:
a Christmas carol. [O. Fr. _nowel_, _noel_ (mod. Fr. _noël_; cf. Sp.
_natal_, It. _natale_)--L. _natalis_, belonging to one's birthday.]
NOWHERE, n[=o]'hw[=a]r, _adv._ in no where or place: at no time.--_adv._
N[=O]'WHITHER, not any whither: to no place: in no direction: nowhere.
NOWL, nowl, _n._ (_Shak._). Same as NOUL.
NOWT, nowt, _n._ (_Scot._) cattle.--Also NOUT. [_Neat._]
NOWY, now'i, _adj._ (_her._) having a convex curvature near the
middle.--Also NOWED. [O. Fr. _noue_--L. _nudatus_, knotted.]
NOXIOUS, nok'shus, _adj._ hurtful: unwholesome: injurious: destructive:
poisonous.--_adj._ NOX'AL, relating to wrongful injury.--_adv._
NOX'IOUSLY.--_n._ NOX'IOUSNESS. [L. _noxius_--_noxa_, hurt--_noc[=e]re_, to
hurt.]
NOY, noi, _v.t._ (_Spens._). Same as ANNOY.
NOYADE, nwa-yad', _n._ an infamous mode of drowning by means of a boat with
movable bottom, practised by Carrier at Nantes, 1793-94. [Fr.,--_noyer_, to
drown.]
NOYANCE, noi'ans, _n._ Same as ANNOYANCE.
NOYAU, nwo-y[=o]', _n._ a liqueur flavoured with kernels of bitter almonds
or of peach-stones. [Fr., the stone of a fruit--L. _nucalis_, like a
nut--_nux_, _nucis_, a nut.]
NOYOUS, noi'us, _adj._ (_Spens._) serving to annoy: troublesome: hurtful.
[_Annoy._]
NOYSOME, noi'sum, _adj._ (_Spens._) noisome (q.v.).
NOZZLE, noz'l, _n._ a little nose: the snout: the extremity of anything:
the open end of a pipe or tube, as of a bellows, &c. [Dim. of _nose_.]
NUANCE, n[=u]-ans', _n._ a delicate degree or shade of difference perceived
by any of the senses, or by the intellect. [Fr.,--L. _nubes_, a cloud.]
NUB, nub, _v.t._ (_prov._) to push: beckon: hang.
NUB, nub, _n._ a knob, knot: point, gist.--_adjs._ NUB'BLY, full of knots;
NUB'BY, lumpy, dirty.
NUBBLE, nub'l, _v.t._ to beat with the fist.
NUBECULA, n[=u]-bek'[=u]-la, _n._ a light film on the eye: a cloudy
appearance in urine:--_pl._ NUBEC'ULÆ.
NUBIFEROUS, n[=u]-bif'e-rus, _adj._ bringing clouds.--_adjs._
N[=U]BIG'ENOUS, produced by clouds; N[=U]'BILOUS, cloudy,
overcast--(_obs._) N[=U]'BILOSE.
NUBILE, n[=u]'bil, _adj._ marriageable.--_n._ NUBIL'ITY. [L.
_nubilis_--_nub[)e]re_, to veil one's self, hence to marry.]
NUCELLUS, n[=u]-sel'us, _n._ the nucleus of the ovule.
NUCHAL, n[=u]'kal, _adj._ pertaining to the N[=U]'CHA or nape.
NUCIFORM, n[=u]s'i-form, _adj._ nut-shaped.--_adj._ NUCIF'EROUS,
nut-bearing. [L. _nux_, _nucis_, nut, _forma_, form.]
NUCIFRAGA, n[=u]-sif'ra-ga, _n._ a genus of corvine birds, between crows
and jays, the nutcrackers.
NUCLEUS, n[=u]'kl[=e]-us, _n._ the central mass round which matter gathers:
(_astron._) the head of a comet:--_pl._ NUCLEI
(n[=u]'kl[=e]-[=i]).--_adjs._ N[=U]'CL[=E]AL, N[=U]'CL[=E]AR, pertaining to
a nucleus.--_v.t._ N[=U]'CL[=E][=A]TE, to gather into or around a
nucleus.--_adjs._ N[=U]'CL[=E]ATE, -D, having a nucleus;
N[=U]'CL[=E]IFORM.--_ns._ N[=U]'CL[=E]IN, a colourless amorphous proteid, a
constituent of cell-nuclei; N[=U]'CLEOBRANCH, one of an order of molluscs
which have the gills packed in the shell along with the heart:--_pl._
NUCLEOBRANCHI[)A]'TA; N[=U]'CL[=E][=O]LE, a little nucleus: a nucleus
within a nucleus--also NUCL[=E]'OLUS:--_pl._ NUCL[=E]'OLI. [L.,--_nux_,
_nucis_, a nut.]
NUCULE, n[=u]k'[=u]l, _n._ a little nut: in _Characeæ_ the female sexual
organ. [L. _nucula_, dim. of _nux_, _nucis_, a nut.]
NUDE, n[=u]d, _adj._ naked: bare: without drapery, as a statue: void, as a
contract.--_n._ N[=U]D[=A]'TION, act of making bare.--_adv._
N[=U]DE'LY.--_ns._ N[=U]DE'NESS, N[=U]'DITY, nakedness: want of covering:
anything laid bare.--_adjs._ NUDIFL[=O]'ROUS, having the flowers destitute
of hairs, glands, &c.; N[=U]DIF[=O]'LIOUS, having bare or smooth leaves;
N[=U]DIROS'TRATE, having the rostrum naked.--_n.pl._ N[=U]'DITIES, naked
parts: figures divested of drapery.--THE NUDE, the undraped human figure as
a branch of art. [L. _nudus_, naked.]
NUDGE, nuj, _n._ a gentle push.--_v.t._ to push gently. [Cf. _Knock_,
_Knuckle_; Dan. _knuge_.]
NUDIBRANCH, n[=u]'di-brangk, _n._ one of an order of gasteropods having no
shell, and with the gills exposed on the surface of the body:--_pl._
NUDIBRANCHI[=A]'TA. [L. _nudus_, naked, _branchiæ_, gills.]
NUGATORY, n[=u]'ga-tor-i, _adj._ trifling: vain: insignificant: of no
power: ineffectual. [L. _nugatorius_,--_nugæ_, jokes, trifles.]
NUGGET, nug'et, _n._ a lump or mass, as of a metal. [Prob. _ingot_, with
the _n_ of the article.]
NUISANCE, n[=u]'sans, _n._ that which annoys or hurts: that which troubles:
that which is offensive.--_n._ N[=U]'ISANCER. [Fr.,--L. _noc[=e]re_, to
hurt.]
NULL, nul, _adj._ of no legal force: void: invalid: of no importance.--_n._
something of no value or meaning, a cipher: a bead-like raised
work.--_v.t._ to annul, nullify.--_v.i._ to kink: to form nulls, or into
nulls, as in a lathe.--NULLED WORK, woodwork turned by means of a lathe so
as to form a series of connected knobs--for rounds of chairs, &c. [L.
_nullus_, not any, from _ne_, not, _ullus_, any.]
NULLAH, nul'a, _n._ a dry water-course.
NULLA-NULLA, nul'a-nul'a, _n._ an Australian's hard-wood club.
NULLIFIDIAN, nul-i-fid'i-an, _adj._ having no faith.--_n._ a person in such
a condition. [L. _nullus_, none, _fides_, faith.]
NULLIFY, nul'i-f[=i], _v.t._ to make null: to annul: to render void or of
no force:--_pr.p._ null'ifying; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ null'ified.--_ns._
NULLIFIC[=A]'TION, a rendering void or of none effect, esp. (_U.S._) of a
contract by one of the parties, or of a law by one legislature which has
been passed by another; NULL'IFIER; NULL'ITY, the state of being null or
void: nothingness: want of existence, force, or efficacy.
NULLIPARA, nul-lip'a-ra, _n._ a woman who has never given birth to a child,
esp. if not a virgin.--_adj._ NULLIP'AROUS.
NULLIPENNATE, nul-i-pen'[=a]t, _adj._ having no flight-feathers, as a
penguin.
NULLIPORE, nul'i-p[=o]r, _n._ a small coral-like seaweed.--_adj._
NULL'IPOROUS.
NUMB, num, _adj._ deprived of sensation or motion: powerless to feel or
act: stupefied: motionless: (_Shak._) causing numbness.--_v.t._ to make
numb: to deaden: to render motionless:--_pr.p._ numbing (num'ing); _pa.p._
numbed (numd).--_adj._ NUMB'-COLD (_Shak._), numbed with cold: causing
numbness.--_n._ NUMB'NESS, state of being numb: condition of living body in
which it has lost the power of feeling: torpor. [A.S. _numen_, pa.p. of
_niman_, to take; so Ice. _numinn_, bereft.]
NUMBER, num'b[.e]r, _n._ that by which things are counted or computed: a
collection of things: more than one: a unit in counting: a numerical
figure: the measure of multiplicity: sounds distributed into harmonies:
metre, verse, esp. in _pl._: (_gram._) the difference in words to express
singular or plural: (_pl._) the fourth book of the Old Testament.--_v.t._
to count: to reckon as one of a multitude: to mark with a number: to amount
to.--_n._ NUM'BERER.--_adj._ NUM'BERLESS, without number: more than can be
counted.--_ns._ NUMERABIL'ITY, N[=U]'MERABLENESS.--_adj._ N[=U]'MERABLE,
that may be numbered or counted.--_adv._ N[=U]'MERABLY.--_adj._
N[=U]'MERAL, pertaining to, consisting of, or expressing number.--_n._ a
figure or mark used to express a number, as 1, 2, 3, &c.: (_gram._) a word
used to denote a number.--_adv._ N[=U]'MERALLY, according to
number.--_adj._ N[=U]'MERARY, belonging to a certain number: contained
within or counting as one of a body or a number--opp. to
_Supernumerary_.--_v.t._ N[=U]'MER[=A]TE, to point off and read as figures:
(_orig._) to enumerate, to number.--_ns._ N[=U]MER[=A]'TION, act of
numbering: the art of reading numbers, and expressing their values;
N[=U]'MER[=A]TOR, one who numbers: the upper number of a vulgar fraction,
which expresses the number of fractional parts taken.--_adjs._ N[=U]MER'IC,
-AL, belonging to, or consisting in, number: the same both in number and
kind.--_adv._ N[=U]MER'ICALLY.--_n._ N[=U]MEROS'ITY, numerousness:
harmonious flow.--_adj._ N[=U]'MEROUS, great in number: being many.--_adv._
N[=U]'MEROUSLY.--_n._ N[=U]'MEROUSNESS. [Fr. _nombre_--L. _numerus_,
number.]
NUMBLES, num'bls, _n.pl._ the entrails of a deer. See UMBLES.
NUMEROTAGE, n[=u]-me-r[=o]-täzh', _n._ the numbering of yarns so as to
denote their fineness. [Fr.]
NUMISMATIC, n[=u]-mis-mat'ik, _adj._ pertaining to money, coins, or
medals.--_n.sing._ N[=U]MISMAT'ICS, the science of coins and medals.--_ns._
N[=U]MIS'MATIST, one having a knowledge of coins and medals;
N[=U]MISMATOG'RAPHY, description of coins; NUMISMATOL'OGIST, one versed in
numismatology; N[=U]MISMATOL'OGY, the science of coins and medals in
relation to history. [L. _numisma_--Gr. _nomisma_, current
coin--_nomizein_, to use commonly--_nomos_, custom.]
NUMMARY, num'a-ri, _adj._ relating to coins or money.--_adjs._ NUMM'IFORM,
shaped like a coin; NUMM'[=U]LAR, NUMM'[=U]LARY, NUMM'[=U]L[=A]TED,
NUMM'[=U]LINE, pertaining to coins: like a coin in shape;
NUMM'[=U]LIFORM.--_n._ NUMM'[=U]LITE, a fossil shell resembling a
coin.--_adj._ NUMMULIT'IC. [L. _nummus_, a coin.]
NUMSKULL, num'skul, _n._ a stupid fellow: a blockhead.--_adj._ NUM'SKULLED.
[From _numb_ and _skull_.]
NUN, nun, _n._ a female who, under a vow, secludes herself in a religious
house, to give her time to devotion: (_zool._) a kind of pigeon with the
feathers on its head like the hood of a nun.--_ns._ NUN'-BUOY, a buoy
somewhat in the form of a double cone; NUN'NERY, a house for nuns.--_adj._
NUN'NISH.--_ns._ NUN'NISHNESS; NUN'S'-VEIL'ING, a woollen cloth, soft and
thin, used by women for veils and dresses. [A.S. _nunne_--Low L. _nunna_,
_nonna_, a nun, an old maiden lady, the orig. sig. being 'mother;' cf. Gr.
_nann[=e]_, aunt, Sans. _nan[=a]_, a child's word for 'mother.']
NUNC DIMITTIS, nungk di-mit'tis, _n._ 'now lettest thou depart:' the name
given to the song of Simeon (Luke, ii. 29-32) in the R.C. Breviary and the
Anglican evening service--from the opening words.
NUNCHEON, nun'shun, _n._ a luncheon. [Prob. a corr. of _luncheon_, with
some reference to _noon_.]
NUNCIO, nun'shi-o, _n._ a messenger: one who brings tidings: an ambassador
from the Pope to an emperor or a king.--_n._ NUN'CI[=A]T[=U]RE, the office
of a nuncio. [It.,--L. _nuncius_, a messenger, one who brings news--prob. a
contr. of _noventius_; cf. _novus_, new.]
NUNCLE, nung'kl, _n._ (_Shak._) a contr. of _mine uncle_.
NUNCUPATIVE, nung'k[=u]-p[=a]-tiv, _adj._ declaring publicly or solemnly:
(_law_) verbal, not written, as a will--also NUN'C[=U]P[=A]TORY.--_v.t._
and _v.i._ NUN'CUPATE, to declare solemnly: to declare orally.--_n._
NUNC[=U]P[=A]'TION. [Fr.,--Low L. _nuncupativus_, nominal--L.
_nuncup[=a]re_, to call by name--prob. from _nomen_, name, _cap[)e]re_, to
take.]
NUNDINAL, nun'di-nal, _adj._ pertaining to a fair or market.--Also
NUN'DINARY. [L. _nundinæ_, the market-day, properly the ninth day--i.e.
from the preceding market-day, both days inclusive--_novem_, nine, _dies_,
a day.]
NUPHAR, n[=u]'fär, _n._ a genus of yellow water-lilies, the _Nymphæa_.
NUPTIAL, nup'shal, _adj._ pertaining to marriage: constituting
marriage.--_n.pl._ NUP'TIALS, marriage: wedding ceremony. [Fr.,--L.
_nuptialis_--_nuptiæ_, marriage--_nub[)e]re_, _nuptum_, to marry.]
NUR, nur, _n._ a knot or knob in wood. See KNURR.
NURL, nurl, _v.t._ to mill or indent on the edge.--_ns._ NURL'ING, the
milling of a coin: the series of indentations on the edge of some
screw-heads: zigzag ornamental engraving; NURL'ING-TOOL.
NURSE, nurs, _n._ a woman who nourishes an infant: a mother while her
infant is at the breast: one who has the care of infants or of the sick:
(_hort._) a shrub or tree which protects a young plant.--_v.t._ to tend, as
an infant or a sick person: to bring up: to cherish: to manage with care
and economy: to play skilfully, as billiard-balls, in order to get them
into the position one wants.--_adj._ NURSE'LIKE (_Shak._), like or becoming
a nurse.--_ns._ NURSE'MAID, a girl who takes care of children; NURS'ER, one
who nurses: one who promotes growth; NURS'ERY, place for nursing: an
apartment for young children: a place where the growth of anything is
promoted: (_hort._) a piece of ground where plants are reared;
NURS'ERY-GOV'ERNESS; NURS'ERYMAID, a nurse-maid; NURS'ERYMAN, a man who
owns or works a nursery: one who is employed in cultivating plants, &c.,
for sale; NURS'ING-FA'THER (_B._), a foster-father; NURS'LING, that which
is nursed: an infant. [O. Fr. _norrice_ (Fr. _nourrice_)--L.
_nutrix_--_nutr[=i]re_, to nourish.]
NURTURE, nurt'[=u]r, _n._ act of nursing or nourishing: nourishment:
education: instruction.--_v.t._ to nourish: to bring up: to educate.--_n._
NURT'URER. [O. Fr. _noriture_ (Fr. _nourriture_)--Low L. _nutritura_--L.
_nutr[=i]re_, to nourish.]
NUT, nut, _n._ the name popularly given to all those fruits which have the
seed enclosed in a bony, woody, or leathery pericarp, not opening when
ripe: (_bot._) a one-celled fruit, with a hardened pericarp, containing,
when mature, only one seed: often the hazel-nut, sometimes the walnut: a
small block of metal for screwing on the end of a bolt.--_v.i._ to gather
nuts:--_pr.p._ nut'ting; _pa.p._ nut'ted.--_adj._ NUT'-BROWN, brown, like a
ripe old nut.--_ns._ NUT'CRACKER, an instrument for cracking nuts: a genus
of birds of the family _Corvidæ_; NUT'-GALL, an excrescence, chiefly of the
oak; NUT'HATCH, a genus of birds of the family _Sittidæ_, agile
creepers--also NUT'JOBBER, NUT'PECKER; NUT'-HOOK, a stick with a hook at
the end for pulling down boughs that the nuts may be gathered: a bailiff, a
thief who uses a hook; NUT'MEAL, meal made from the kernels of nuts;
NUT'-OIL, an oil obtained from walnuts; NUT'-PINE, one of several pines
with large edible seeds; NUT'SHELL, the hard substance that encloses the
kernel of a nut: anything of little value; NUT'TER, one who gathers nuts;
NUT'TINESS; NUT'TING, the gathering of nuts; NUT'-TREE, any tree bearing
nuts, esp. the hazel.--_adj._ NUT'TY, abounding in nuts: having the flavour
of nuts.--_n._ NUT'-WRENCH, an instrument for fixing on nuts or removing
them from screws.--A NUT TO CRACK, a difficult problem to solve; BE NUTS ON
(_slang_), to be very fond of; IN A NUTSHELL, in small compass. [A.S.
_hnutu_; Ice. _hnot_, Dut. _noot_, Ger. _nuss_.]
NUTANT, n[=u]'tant, _adj._ nodding: (_bot._) having the top of the stem of
the flower-cluster bent downward.--_n._ N[=U]T[=A]'TION, a nodding:
(_astron._) a periodical and constant change of the angle made by the
earth's axis, with the ecliptic, caused by the attraction of the moon on
the greater mass of matter round the equator: (_bot._) the turning of
flowers towards the sun. [L. _nut[=a]re_, to nod.]
NUTMEG, nut'meg, _n._ the aromatic kernel of an East Indian tree, much used
as a seasoning in cookery.--_adj._ NUT'MEGGED; NUT'MEGGY. [M. E.
_notemuge_, a hybrid word formed from _nut_, and O. Fr. _muge_, musk--L.
_muscus_, musk.]
NUTRIA, n[=u]'tri-a, _n._ the fur of the coypou, a South American beaver.
[Sp.,--L. _lutra_, an otter.]
NUTRIMENT, n[=u]'tri-ment, _n._ that which nourishes: that which helps
forward growth or development: food.--_adj._ N[=U]'TRIENT,
nourishing.--_n._ anything nourishing.--_adj._ N[=U]'TRIMENTAL, having the
quality of nutriment or food: nutritious.--_n._ N[=U]TRI'TION, act of
nourishing: process of promoting the growth of bodies: that which
nourishes: nutriment.--_adjs._ N[=U]TRI'TIONAL; N[=U]TRI'TIOUS, nourishing:
promoting growth.--_adv._ N[=U]TRI'TIOUSLY.--_n._
N[=U]TRI'TIOUSNESS.--_adjs._ N[=U]'TRITIVE, N[=U]'TRITORY, nourishing:
concerned in nutrition.--_adv._ N[=U]'TRITIVELY.--_ns._ N[=U]'TRITIVENESS;
N[=U]TRIT[=O]'RIUM, the nutritive apparatus. [L.
_nutrimentum_--_nutr[=i]re_, to nourish.]
NUX VOMICA, nuks vom'ik-a, _n._ the seed of an East Indian tree, from which
the powerful poison known as strychnine is obtained. [L. _nux_, a nut,
_vomicus_, from _vom[)e]re_, to vomit.]
NUZZER, nuz'[.e]r, _n._ a present made to a superior. [Ind.]
NUZZLE, nuz'l, _v.i._ to rub the nose against: to fondle closely, to
cuddle: to nurse or rear.--_v.t._ to touch with the nose: to go with the
nose toward the ground.--Also NOUS'LE. [A freq. verb from _nose_.]
NYANZA, ni-an'za, _n._ a sheet of water, marsh, the river feeding a lake.
[Afr.]
NYAS. See EYAS.
NYCTALA, nik'ta-la, _n._ a genus of owls of family _Strigidæ_.
NYCTALOPIA, nik-ta-l[=o]'pi-a, _n._ the defective vision of persons who can
see in a faint light but not in bright daylight: sometimes applied to the
opposite defect, inability to see save in a strong daylight--also
NYC'TALOPY.--_n._ NYC'TALOPS, one affected with nyctalopia. [Gr.
_nyktal[=o]ps_, seeing by night only--_nyx_, _nyktos_, night, _[=o]ps_,
vision.]
NYCTITROPISM, nik'ti-tr[=o]-pizm, _n._ the so-called sleep of plants, the
habit of taking at night certain positions unlike those during the
day.--_adj._ NYCTITROP'IC. [Gr. _nyx_, night, _tropos_, a turn.]
NYLGHAU, nil'gaw, _n._ a large species of antelope, in North Hindustan, the
males of which are of a bluish colour. [Pers. _níl gáw_--_níl_, blue,
_gáw_, ox, cow.]
NYMPH, nimf, _n._ a young and beautiful maiden: (_myth._) one of the
beautiful goddesses who inhabited mountains, rivers, trees, &c.--_adjs._
NYMPH'AL, relating to nymphs; NYMPH[=E]'AN, pertaining to nymphs: inhabited
by nymphs; NYMPH'IC, -AL, pertaining to nymphs; NYMPH'ISH, NYMPH'LY,
nymph-like; NYMPH'-LIKE.--_ns._ NYMPH'OLEPSY, a species of ecstasy or
frenzy said to have seized those who had seen a nymph; NYMPH'OLEPT, a
person in frenzy.--_adj._ NYMPHOLEPT'IC.--_ns._ NYMPHOM[=A]'NIA, morbid and
uncontrollable sexual desire in women; NYMPHOM[=A]'NIAC, a woman affected
with the foregoing.--_adjs._ NYMPHOM[=A]'NIAC, -AL. [Fr.,--L. _nympha_--Gr.
_nymph[=e]_, a bride.]
NYMPH, nimf, NYMPHA, nimf'a, _n._ the pupa or chrysalis of an
insect.--_n.pl._ NYMPHÆ (nimf'[=e]), the labia minora.--_adj._
NYMPHIP'AROUS, producing pupæ.--_ns._ NYMPH[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the
nymphæ; NYMPHOT'OMY, the excision of the nymphæ.
NYMPHÆA, nim-f[=e]'a, _n._ a genus of water-plants, with beautiful fragrant
flowers, including the water-lily, Egyptian lotus, &c. [L. _nympha_, a
nymph.]
NYS, nis (_Spens._), none is. [_Ne_, not, and _is_.]
NYSTAGMUS, nis-tag'mus, _n._ a spasmodic, lateral, oscillatory movement of
the eyes, found in miners, &c. [Gr., _nystazein_, to nap.]
NYULA, ni-[=u]'la, _n._ an ichneumon.
* * * * *
O the fifteenth letter and fourth vowel of our alphabet, its sound
intermediate between _a_ and _u_--with three values in English, the
name-sound heard in _note_, the shorter sound heard in _not_, and the
neutral vowel heard in _son_: as a numeral, 'nothing,' or 'zero' (formerly
O=11, and ([=O])=11,000): (_chem._) the symbol of oxygen: anything round or
nearly so (_pl._ O'S, OES, pron. [=o]z).
O, OH, [=o], _interj._ an exclamation of wonder, pain, desire, fear, &c.
The form _oh_ is the more usual in prose.--O HONE! OCH HONE! an Irish
exclamation of lamentation. [A.S. _eá_.]
O, usually written o', an abbrev. for _of_ and _on_.
OAF, [=o]f, _n._ a foolish or deformed child left by the fairies in place
of another: a dolt, an idiot.--_adj._ OAF'ISH, idiotic, doltish. [_Elf._]
OAK, [=o]k, _n._ a tree of about 300 species, the most famous the British
oak, valued for its timber in shipbuilding, &c.--_ns._ OAK'-APP'LE, a
spongy substance on the leaves of the oak, caused by insects--also
OAK'LEAF-GALL; OAK'-BARK, the bark of some species of oak used in
tanning.--_adjs._ OAK'-CLEAV'ING (_Shak._), cleaving oaks; OAK'EN,
consisting or made of oak.--_ns._ OAK'-GALL, a gall produced on the oak;
OAK'-LEATH'ER, a fungus mycelium in the fissures of old oaks; OAK'LING, a
young oak; OAK'-P[=A]'PER, paper for wall-hangings veined like oak.--_adj._
OAK'Y, like oak, firm.--OAK-APPLE DAY, the 29th of May, the anniversary of
the Restoration in 1660, when country boys used to wear oak-apples in
commemoration of Charles II. skulking in the branches of an oak (the ROYAL
OAK) from Cromwell's troopers after Worcester.--SPORT ONE'S OAK, in English
university slang, to signify that one does not wish visitors by closing the
outer door of one's rooms; THE OAKS, one of the three great English
races--for mares--the others being the Derby and St Leger. [A.S. _ác_; Ice.
_eik_, Ger. _eiche_.]
OAKER, [=o]k'[.e]r, _n._ (_Spens._) ochre.
OAKUM, [=o]k'um, _n._ old ropes untwisted and teased into loose hemp for
caulking the seams of ships. [A.S. _ácumba_, _['æ]cemba_--_cemban_, to
comb.]
OAR, [=o]r, _n._ a light pole with a flat feather or spoon-shaped end (the
_blade_) for propelling a boat: an oar-like appendage for swimming, as the
antennæ of an insect or crustacean, &c.: an oarsman.--_v.t._ to impel by
rowing.--_v.i._ to row.--_n._ OAR'AGE, oars collectively.--_adj._ OARED,
furnished with oars.--_ns._ OAR'LAP, a rabbit with its ears standing out at
right-angles to the head; OAR'-LOCK, a rowlock; OARS'MAN, one who rows with
an oar; OARS'MANSHIP, skill in rowing.--_adj._ OAR'Y, having the form or
use of oars.--BOAT OARS, to bring the oars inboard; FEATHER OARS, to turn
the blades parallel to the water when reaching back for another stroke; LIE
ON THE OARS, to cease rowing without shipping the oars: to rest, take
things easily: to cease from work; PUT IN ONE'S OAR, to give advice when
not wanted; SHIP, or UNSHIP, OARS, to place the oars in the rowlocks, or to
take them out. [A.S. _ár_.]
OARIUM, [=o]-[=a]'ri-um, _n._ an ovary or ovarium.
OASIS, [=o]-[=a]'sis, _n._ a fertile spot in a sandy desert: any place of
rest or pleasure in the midst of toil and gloom:--_pl._ OASES
([=o]-[=a]'s[=e]z). [L.,--Gr. _oasis_, an Egyptian word; cf. Coptic
_ouahe_.]
OAST, [=o]st, _n._ a kiln to dry hops or malt.--_n._ OAST'-HOUSE. [A.S.
_ást_.]
OAT, [=o]t (oftener in _pl._ OATS, [=o]ts), _n._ a well-known grassy plant,
the seeds of which are much used as food: its seeds: a musical pipe of
oat-straw: a shepherd's pipe, pastoral song generally.--_n._ OAT'CAKE, a
thin broad cake made of oatmeal.--_adj._ OAT'EN, consisting of an oat stem
or straw: made of oatmeal.--_ns._ OAT'-GRASS, two species of oat, useful
more as fodder than for the seed; OAT'MEAL, meal made of oats.--SOW ONE'S
WILD OATS, to indulge in the usual youthful dissipations. [A.S. _áta_, pl.
_átan_.]
OATH, [=o]th, _n._ a solemn statement with an appeal to God as witness, and
a calling for punishment from Him in case of falsehood or of failure, also
the form of words in which such is made--_oath of abjuration_,
_allegiance_, &c.: an irreverent use of God's name in conversation or in
any way: any merely exclamatory imprecation, &c.:--_pl._ OATHS
([=o]_th_z).--_adj._ OATH'ABLE (_Shak._), capable of having an oath
administered to.--_n._ OATH'-BREAK'ING (_Shak._), the violation of an oath,
perjury.--UPON ONE'S OATH, sworn to speak the truth. [A.S. _áth_; Ger.
_eid_, Ice. _eithr_.]
OB., for _objection_, just as _sol._ for _solution_, on the margins of old
books of controversial divinity.--_n._ OB'-AND-SOL'ER, a disputant,
polemic.
OBANG, [=o]-bang', _n._ an old Japanese oblong gold coin.
OBBLIGATO, ob-li-gä'to, _adj._ that cannot be done without.--_n._ a musical
accompaniment, itself of independent importance, esp. that of a single
instrument to a vocal piece.--Also OBLIGA'TO. [It.]
OBCONIC, -AL, ob-kon'ik, -al, _adj._ inversely conical.
OBCORDATE, ob-kor'd[=a]t, _adj._ (_bot._) inversely heart-shaped, as a
leaf.
OBDURATE, ob'd[=u]-r[=a]t, _adj._ hardened in heart or in feelings:
difficult to influence, esp. in a moral sense: stubborn: harsh.--_n._
OB'D[=U]RACY, state of being obdurate: invincible hardness of
heart.--_adv._ OB'D[=U]RATELY.--_ns._ OB'D[=U]RATENESS,
OBD[=U]R[=A]'TION.--_adj._ OBD[=U]RED', hardened. [L. _obdur[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_--_ob_, against, _dur[=a]re_, to harden--_durus_, hard.]
OBEAH. See OBI.
OBEDIENCE, [=o]-b[=e]'di-ens, _n._ state of being obedient: willingness to
obey commands: dutifulness: the collective body of persons subject to any
particular authority: a written instruction from the superior of an order
to those under him: any official position under an abbot's
jurisdiction.--_adjs._ OB[=E]'DIENT, willing to obey; OB[=E]DIEN'TIAL,
submissive: obligatory.--_adv._ OB[=E]'DIENTLY.--CANONICAL OBEDIENCE, the
obedience, as regulated by the canons, of an ecclesiastic to another of
higher rank; PASSIVE OBEDIENCE, unresisting and unquestioning obedience to
authority, like that taught by some Anglican divines as due even to
faithless and worthless kings like Charles II. and James II.
OBEISANCE, [=o]-b[=a]'sans, or [=o]-b[=e]'sans, _n._ obedience: a bow or
act of reverence: an expression of respect.--_adj._ OB[=E]'ISANT.
[Fr.,--_obéir_--L. _obed[=i]re_, to obey.]
OBELION, [=o]-b[=e]'li-on, _n._ a point in the sagittal suture of the
skull, between the two parietal foramina. [Gr. _obelos_, a spit.]
OBELISK, ob'e-lisk, _n._ a tall, four-sided, tapering pillar, usually of
one stone, finished at the top like a flat pyramid: (_print._) a dagger
( + ).--_adj._ OB'ELISCAL.--_v.t._ OB'ELISE, to mark with an obelisk, to
condemn as spurious, indelicate, &c.--_n._ OB'ELUS, a mark ( -- or ÷ ) used
in ancient MSS. to mark suspected passages, esp. in the Septuagint to
indicate passages not in the Hebrew:--_pl._ OB'ELI. [Through Fr. and L.,
from Gr. _obeliskos_, dim. of _obelos_, a spit.]
OBERHAUS, [=o]'ber-hows, _n._ the upper house in those German legislative
bodies that have two chambers. [Ger. _ober_, upper, _haus_, house.]
OBERLAND, [=o]'ber-lant, _n._ highlands, as the Bernese Oberland in
Switzerland.
OBERON, [=o]'ber-on, king of the fairies, husband of Titania.
OBESE, [=o]-b[=e]s', _adj._ fat: fleshy.--_ns._ OBESE'NESS, OBES'ITY,
fatness: abnormal fatness. [L. _obesus_--_ob_, up, _ed[)e]re_, _esum_, to
eat.]
OBEX, [=o]'beks, _n._ a barrier: a thickening at the calamus scriptorius of
the medulla oblongata. [L., _objic[)e]re_, to throw before.]
OBEY, [=o]-b[=a]', _v.t._ to do as told by: to be ruled by: to yield to: to
carry out or perform.--_v.i._ to submit to power, &c.: (_B._) to yield
obedience (followed by _to_).--_n._ OBEY'ER.--_adv._ OBEY'INGLY,
obediently. [Fr. _obéir_--L. _obed[=i]re_--_ob_, near, _aud[=i]re_, to
hear.]
OBFUSCATE, ob-fus'k[=a]t, _v.t._ to darken: to confuse.--_n._
OBFUSC[=A]'TION. [L. _obfusc[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ob_, inten., _fuscus_,
dark.]
OBI, [=o]'bi, _n._ a kind of sorcery practised by _obeah-men_ and
_obeah-women_ among the negroes of the West Indies and United States, a
survival of African magic: a fetish or charm--also O'BEA, O'BEAH,
O'BY.--_n._ O'BIISM. [Prob. Afr.]
OBI, [=o]'bi, _n._ a broad, gaily embroidered sash worn by Japanese women.
[Jap.]
OBIT, [=o]'bit, or ob'it, _n._ death: the fact or the date of death:
funeral ceremonies: the anniversary of a person's death, or a service at
such time.--_adj._ OBIT'UAL, pertaining to obits.--_adv._
OBIT'UARILY.--_n._ OBIT'UARIST, a writer of obituaries.--_adj._ OBIT'UARY,
relating to the death of a person or persons.--_n._ a register of deaths
(_orig._) in a monastery: an account of a deceased person, or a notice of
his death. [Fr.,--L. _obitus_--_ob[=i]re_--_ob_, to, _[=i]re_, to go.]
OBJECT, ob-jekt', _v.t._ to place before the view: to throw in the way of:
to offer in opposition: to oppose.--_v.i._ to oppose: to give a reason
against.--_n._ OBJECTIFIC[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ OBJECT'IFY, to make
objective.--_n._ OBJEC'TION, act of objecting: anything said or done in
opposition: argument against.--_adj._ OBJEC'TIONABLE, that may be objected
to: requiring to be disapproved of.--_adv._ OBJEC'TIONABLY, in an
objectionable manner or degree.--_adj._ OBJECT'IVE, relating to an object:
being exterior to the mind: substantive, self-existent: setting forth what
is external, actual, practical, apart from the sensations or emotions of
the speaker: as opposed to _Subjective_, pertaining to that which is real
or exists in nature, in contrast with what is ideal or exists merely in
thought: (_gram._) belonging to the case of the object.--_n._ (_gram._) the
case of the object: in microscopes, &c., the lens which brings the rays to
a focus: the point to which the operations of an army are directed.--_adv._
OBJECT'IVELY.--_ns._ OBJECT'IVENESS; OBJECT'IVISM.--_adj._
OBJECTIVIST'IC.--_ns._ OBJECTIV'ITY, state of being objective; OBJECT'OR.
[Fr.,--L. _object[=a]re_, a freq. of _objic[)e]re_, _-jectum_--_ob_, in the
way of, _jac[)e]re_, to throw.]
OBJECT, ob'jekt, _n._ anything perceived or set before the mind: that which
is sought after, or that toward which an action is directed: end: motive:
(_gram._) that toward which the action of a transitive verb is
directed.--_ns._ OB'JECT-FIND'ER, a device in microscopes for locating an
object in the field before examination by a higher power; OB'JECT-GLASS,
the glass at the end of a telescope or microscope next the object;
OB'JECTIST, one versed in the objective philosophy.--_adj._ OB'JECTLESS,
having no object: purposeless.--_ns._ OB'JECT-LESS'ON, a lesson in which
the object to be described, or a representation of it, is shown;
OB'JECT-SOUL, a vital principle attributed by the primitive mind to
inanimate objects.
OBJURE, ob-j[=oo]r', _v.i._ to swear.--_n._ OBJUR[=A]'TION, act of binding
by oath.
OBJURGATION, ob-jur-g[=a]'shun, _n._ act of chiding: a blaming, reproof:
reprehension.--_v.t._ OBJUR'GATE, to chide.--_adj._ OBJUR'GATORY,
expressing blame or reproof. [Fr.,--L.,--_ob_, against, _jurg[=a]re_, to
sue at law--_jus_, law, _ag[)e]re_, to drive.]
OBLANCEOLATE, ob-lan'se-o-l[=a]t, _adj._ (_bot._) shaped like the head of a
lance reversed, as a leaf.
OBLATE, ob-l[=a]t', _n._ a secular person devoted to a monastery, but not
under its vows, esp. one of the Oblate Fathers or Oblate Sisters: one
dedicated to a religious order from childhood, or who takes the cowl in
anticipation of death: a loaf of altar-bread before its consecration.--_n._
OBL[=A]'TION, act of offering: anything offered in worship or sacred
service, esp. a eucharistic offering: an offering generally.--GREAT
OBLATION, the solemn offering or presentation in memorial before God of the
consecrated elements, as sacramentally the body and blood of Christ; LESSER
OBLATION, the offertory. [L. _oblatus_, offered up.]
OBLATE, ob-l[=a]t', _adj._ flattened at opposite sides or poles: shaped
like an orange.--_ns._ OBLATE'NESS, flatness at the poles;
OBLATE'-SPHER'OID, a spherical body flattened at the poles. [L. _oblatus_,
pa.p. of _offerre_, to offer--_ob_, against, _ferre_, to bring.]
OBLIGATO. See OBBLIGATO.
OBLIGE, [=o]-bl[=i]j', _v.t._ to bind or constrain: to bind by some favour
rendered, hence to do a favour to.--_adj._ OB'LIGABLE, that can be held to
a promise or an undertaking: true to a promise or a contract.--_n._
OB'LIGANT, one who binds himself to another to pay or to perform
something.--_v.t._ OB'LIG[=A]TE, to constrain: to bind by contract or
duty:--_pr.p._ ob'lig[=a]ting; _pa.p._ ob'lig[=a]ted.--_n._ OBLIG[=A]'TION,
act of obliging: the power which binds to a promise, a duty, &c.: any act
which binds one to do something for another: that to which one is bound:
state of being indebted for a favour: (_law_) a bond containing a penalty
in case of failure.--_adv._ OB'LIGATORILY.--_n._ OB'LIGATORINESS.--_adj._
OB'LIG[=A]TORY, binding: imposing duty.--_ns._ OBLIGEE (ob-li-j[=e]'), the
person to whom another is obliged; OBLIGE'MENT, a favour conferred.--_adj._
OBLIG'ING, disposed to confer favours: ready to do a good turn.--_adv._
OBLIG'INGLY.--_ns._ OBLIG'INGNESS; OB'LIGOR (_law_), the person who binds
himself to another. [Fr.,--L. _oblig[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ob_, before,
_lig[=a]re_, to bind.]
OBLIQUE, ob-l[=e]k', _adj._ slanting: not perpendicular: not parallel: not
straightforward: obscure: (_geom._) not a right-angle: (_gram._) denoting
any case except the nominative.--_v.i._ to deviate from a direct line or
from the perpendicular, to slant: to advance obliquely by facing half right
or left and then advancing.--_ns._ OBLIQU[=A]'TION, OBLIQUE'NESS,
OBLIQ'UITY, state of being oblique: a slanting direction: error or wrong:
irregularity.--_adv._ OBLIQUE'LY.--_adj._ OBLIQ'UID (_Spens._),
oblique.--OBLIQUE CONE or CYLINDER, one whose axis is oblique to the plane
of its base; OBLIQUE NARRATION or SPEECH (L. _oratio obliqua_), indirect
narration, the actual words of the speaker, but, as related by a third
person, having the first person in pronoun and verb converted into the
third, adverbs of present time into the corresponding adverbs of past time,
&c.; OBLIQUE SAILING, the reduction of the position of a ship from the
various courses made good, oblique to the meridian or parallel of latitude;
OBLIQUITY OF THE ECLIPTIC, the angle between the plane of the earth's orbit
and that of the earth's equator. [Fr.,--L. _obliquus_--_ob_, before,
_liquis_, slanting.]
OBLITERATE, ob-lit'[.e]r-[=a]t, _v.t._ to blot out, so as not to be
readable: to wear out: to destroy: to reduce to a very low state.--_n._
OBLITER[=A]'TION, act of obliterating: a blotting or wearing out:
extinction.--_adj._ OBLIT'ER[=A]TIVE. [L. _obliter[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_--_ob_, over, _litera_, a letter.]
OBLIVION, ob-liv'i-un, _n._ act of forgetting or state of being forgotten:
remission of punishment.--_adj._ OBLIV'IOUS, forgetful: prone to forget:
causing forgetfulness.--_adv._ OBLIV'IOUSLY.--_ns._ OBLIV'IOUSNESS;
OBLIVISC'ENCE. [Fr.,--L. _oblivion-em_--_oblivisci_, to forget.]
OBLONG, ob'long, _adj._ long in one way: longer than broad.--_n._ (_geom._)
a rectangle longer than broad: any oblong figure.--_adj._
OB'LONGISH.--_adv._ OB'LONGLY.--_n._ OB'LONGNESS. [Fr.,--L. _ob_, over,
_longus_, long.]
OBLOQUY, ob'lo-kwi, _n._ reproachful language: censure: calumny: disgrace.
[L. _obloquium_--_ob_, against, _loqui_, to speak.]
OBMUTESCENCE, ob-m[=u]-tes'ens, _n._ loss of speech, dumbness. [L.
_obmutesc[)e]re_, to become dumb.]
OBNOXIOUS, ob-nok'shus, _adj._ liable to hurt or punishment: exposed to:
guilty: blameworthy: offensive: subject: answerable.--_adv._
OBNOX'IOUSLY.--_n._ OBNOX'IOUSNESS. [L.,--_ob_, before, _noxa_, hurt.]
OBNUBILATION, ob-n[=u]-bi-l[=a]'shun, _n._ the act of making dark or
obscure.--_v.t._ OBN[=U]'BIL[=A]TE. [Low L. _obnubilare_, to cloud over--L.
_ob_, over, _nubilus_, cloudy.]
OBOE, [=o]'b[=o]-e, _n._ a treble reed musical instrument, usually with
fifteen keys, with a rich tone, giving the pitch to the violin in the
orchestra: a treble stop on the organ, its bass being the bassoon--also
_Hautboy._--_n._ O'B[=O]IST, a player on the oboe.--OBOE D'AMORE, an
obsolete alto oboe; OBOE DI CACCIA, an obsolete tenor oboe, or rather tenor
bassoon. [Fr. _hautbois_.]
OBOL, ob'ol, _n._ in ancient Greece, a small coin, worth rather more than
three-halfpence: also a weight, the sixth part of a drachma--also
OB'OLUS:--_pl._ OB'OLI ([=i]).--_adj_. OB'OLARY, consisting of obols:
extremely poor. [Gr. _obelos_, a spit.]
OBOVATE, ob-[=o]'v[=a]t, _adj_. _(bot.)_ egg-shaped, as a leaf, with the
narrow end next the leaf-stalk.--_adv._ OB[=O]'V[=A]TELY.--_adj_.
OB[=O]'VOID, solidly obovate.
OBREPTION, ob-rep'shun, _n._ obtaining of gifts of escheat by
falsehood--opp. to _Subreption_ (q.v.).--_adj._ OBREPTIT'IOUS.
OBSCENE, ob-s[=e]n', _adj_. offensive to chastity: unchaste: indecent:
disgusting: ill-omened.--_adv_. OBSCENE'LY.--_ns._ OBSCENE'NESS,
OBSCEN'ITY, quality of being obscene: lewdness. [L. _obscenus_.]
OBSCURE, ob-sk[=u]r', _adj_. dark: not distinct: not easily understood: not
clear, legible, or perspicuous: unknown: humble: unknown to fame: living in
darkness.--_v.t._ to darken: to make less plain: to render doubtful.--_ns._
OBSC[=U]'RANT, one who labours to prevent enlightenment or reform;
OBSC[=U]'RANTISM, opposition to inquiry or reform; OBSC[=U]'RANTIST, an
obscurant.--_adj_. pertaining to obscurantism.--_n._ OBSC[=U]R[=A]'TION,
the act of obscuring or state of being obscured.--_adv_.
OBSC[=U]RE'LY.--_ns._ OBSC[=U]RE'MENT; OBSC[=U]RE'NESS; OBSC[=U]'RER;
OBSC[=U]'RITY, state or quality of being obscure: darkness: an obscure
place or condition: unintelligibleness: humility. [Fr.,--L. _obscurus_.]
OBSECRATE, ob'se-kr[=a]t, _v._ to beseech: to implore.--_n._
OBSECR[=A]'TION, supplication: one of the clauses in the Litany beginning
with _by._--_adj_. OB'SECR[=A]TORY, supplicatory. [L. _obsecr[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_, to entreat; _ob_, before, _sacr[=a]re_--_sacer_, sacred.]
OBSEQUIES, ob'se-kwiz, _n.pl._ funeral rites and solemnities:--_sing._
OB'SEQUY (_Milt._)--rarely used.--_adj_. OBS[=E]'QUIAL. [Fr. _obsèques_--L.
_obsequiæ_--_ob_, before, upon, sequi, to comply.]
OBSEQUIOUS, ob-s[=e]'kwi-us, _adj_. compliant to excess: meanly
condescending.--_adv_. OBS[=E]'QUIOUSLY.--_n._ OBS[=E]'QUIOUSNESS.
[Fr.,--L. _obsequiosus_, compliant, _obsequium_, compliance.]
OBSERVE, ob-z[.e]rv', _v.t._ to keep in view: to notice: to subject to
systematic observation: to regard attentively: to remark, refer to in
words: to comply with: to heed and to carry out in practice: to keep with
proper ceremony: to keep or guard.--_v.i._ to take notice: to attend: to
remark.--_adj._ OBSERV'ABLE, that may be observed or noticed: worthy of
observation: remarkable: requiring to be observed.--_n._
OBSERV'ABLENESS.--_adv_. OBSERV'ABLY.--_ns._ OBSERV'ANCE, act of observing
or paying attention to: performance: attention: that which is to be
observed: rule of practice, a custom to be observed: reverence: homage;
OBSERV'ANCY, observance: obsequiousness.--_adj._ OBSERV'ANT, observing:
having powers of observing and noting: taking notice: adhering to:
carefully attentive.--_n._ (_Shak._) an obsequious attendant: one strict to
comply with a custom, &c.; or OBSERV'ANTINE, one of those Franciscan monks
of stricter rule who separated from the Conventuals in the 15th
century.--_adv._ OBSERV'ANTLY.--_n._ OBSERV[=A]'TION, act of observing:
habit of seeing and noting: attention: the act of recognising and noting
phenomena as they occur in nature, as distinguished from _experiment:_ that
which is observed: a remark: performance: the fact of being
observed.--_adj_. OBSERV[=A]'TIONAL, consisting of, or containing,
observations or remarks: derived from observation, as distinguished from
_experiment_.--_adv._ OBSERV[=A]'TIONALLY.--_adj._ OBSER'VATIVE,
attentive.--_ns._ OB'SERV[=A]TOR, one who observes: a remarker;
OBSERV'ATORY, a place for making astronomical and physical observations,
usually placed in some high and stable place; OBSERV'ER.--_adj._
OBSERV'ING, habitually taking notice: attentive.--_adv._ OBSERV'INGLY.
[Fr.,--L. _observ[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ob_, before, _serv[=a]re_, to keep.]
OBSESSION, ob-sesh'un, _n._ persistent attack, esp. of an evil spirit upon
a person: the state of being so molested from without--opp. to
_Possession_, or control by an evil spirit from within. [L.
_obsession-em_--_obsid[=e]re_, to besiege.]
OBSIDIAN, ob-sid'i-an, _n._ a natural glass--the vitreous condition of an
acid lava. [From _Obsidius_, who, according to Pliny, discovered it in
Ethiopia.]
OBSIDIONAL, ob-sid'i-[=o]-nal, _adj._ pertaining to a siege.--Also
OBSID'IONARY.
OBSIGNATE, ob-sig'n[=a]t, _v.t._ to seal, confirm.--_n._ OBSIGN[=A]'TION.
OBSOLESCENT, ob-so-les'ent, _adj._ going out of use.--_n._
OBSOLESC'ENCE.--_adj._ OB'SOLETE, gone out of use: antiquated: (_zool._)
obscure: not clearly marked or developed: rudimental.--_adv._
OB'SOLETELY.--_ns._ OB'SOLETENESS; OBSOL[=E]'TION (_rare_); OB'SOLETISM.
[L. _obsolescens_, _-entis_, _pr.p._ of _obsolesc[)e]re_,
_obsoletum_--_ob_, before, _sol[=e]re_, to be wont.]
OBSTACLE, ob'sta-kl, _n._ anything that stands in the way of or hinders
progress: obstruction.--OBSTACLE RACE, a race in which obstacles have to be
surmounted or circumvented. [Fr.,--L. _obstaculum_--_ob_, in the way of,
_st[=a]re_, to stand.]
OBSTETRIC, -AL, ob-stet'rik, -al, _adj._ pertaining to midwifery.--_ns._
OBSTETRIC'IAN, one skilled in obstetrics; OBSTET'RICS, the science of
midwifery, or the delivery of women in childbed; OBSTET'RIX, a midwife. [L.
_obstetricius_--_obstetrix_, _-icis_, a midwife--_ob_, before, _st[=a]re_,
to stand.]
OBSTINATE, ob'sti-n[=a]t, _adj._ blindly or excessively firm: unyielding:
stubborn: not easily subdued or remedied.--_ns._ OB'STINACY,
OB'STINATENESS, the condition of being obstinate: excess of firmness:
stubbornness: fixedness that yields with difficulty, as a disease.--_adv._
OB'STINATELY. [L. _obstin[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ob_, in the way of,
_st[=a]re_, to stand.]
OBSTIPATION, ob-sti-p[=a]'shun, _n._ extreme costiveness.
OBSTREPEROUS, ob-strep'[.e]r-us, _adj._ making a loud noise: clamorous:
noisy.--_v.i._ OBSTREP'ER[=A]TE (_Sterne_).--_adv._ OBSTREP'EROUSLY.--_n._
OBSTREP'EROUSNESS. [L. _obstreperus_--_ob_, before, _strep[)e]re_, to make
a noise.]
OBSTRICTION, ob-strik'shun, _n._ obligation. [L. _obstring[)e]re_,
_obstrictum_, to bind up.]
OBSTROPULOUS, ob-strop'[=u]-lus, _adj._ a vulgar form of _obstreperous_.
OBSTRUCT, ob-strukt', _v.t._ to block up, to hinder from passing, to
retard.--_ns._ OBSTRUC'TER, OBSTRUC'TOR, one who obstructs; OBSTRUC'TION,
act of obstructing: that which hinders progress or action: opposition, esp.
in a legislative assembly; OBSTRUC'TIONIST.--_adj._ OBSTRUC'TIVE, tending
to obstruct: hindering.--_n._ one who opposes progress.--_adv._
OBSTRUCT'IVELY.--_adj._ OB'STRUENT, obstructing: blocking up.--_n._
(_med._) anything that obstructs, esp. in the passages of the body. [L.
_obstru[)e]re_, _obstructum_--_ob_, in the way of, _stru[)e]re_,
_structum_, to pile up.]
OBTAIN, ob-t[=a]n', _v.t._ to lay hold of: to hold: to procure by effort:
to gain: to keep possession of.--_v.i._ to be established: to continue in
use: to become customary or prevalent: to hold good: (_rare_) to
succeed.--_adj._ OBTAIN'ABLE, that may be obtained, procured, or
acquired.--_ns._ OBTAIN'ER; OBTAIN'MENT; OBTEN'TION, procurement.--OBTAIN
TO (_Bacon_), to attain to. [Fr.,--L. _obtin[=e]re_--_ob_, upon,
_ten[=e]re_, to hold.]
OBTECTED, ob-tek'ted, _adj._ covered, protected by a chitonous case, as the
pupæ of most flies. [L. _obteg[)e]re_, _obtectum_, to cover over.]
OBTEMPER, ob-tem'per, _v.t._ to yield obedience to (with _to_, _unto_). [L.
_obtemper[=a]re_.]
OBTEND, ob-tend', _v.t._ (_obs._) to oppose: to allege. [L. _obtend[)e]re_,
to stretch before.]
OBTEST, ob-test', _v.t._ to call upon, as a witness: to beg for.--_v.i._ to
protest.--_n._ OBTEST[=A]'TION, act of calling to witness: a supplication.
[L. _obtest[=a]ri_, to call as a witness--_ob_, before, _testis_, a
witness.]
OBTRUDE, ob-tr[=oo]d', _v.t._ to thrust in upon when not wanted: to urge
upon against the will of.--_v.i._ to thrust one's self or be thrust
upon.--_ns._ OBTRUD'ER; OBTRUD'ING, OBTRU'SION, a thrusting in or upon
against the will of.--_adj._ OBTRUS'IVE, disposed to thrust one's self
among others.--_adv._ OBTRUS'IVELY.--_n._ OBTRUS'IVENESS. [L.
_obtrud[)e]re_--_ob_, before, _trud[)e]re_, _trusum_, to thrust.]
OBTRUNCATE, ob-trung'k[=a]t, _v.t._ to cut or lop off. [L. _obtrunc[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_--_ob_, before, _trunc[=a]re_, cut off.]
OBTUND, ob-tund', _v.t._ to dull or blunt, to deaden.--_adj._ OBTUND'ENT,
dulling.--_n._ an oily mucilage for sores: an application to deaden the
nerve of a tooth. [L. _obtund[)e]re_, to strike upon.]
OBTURATE, ob't[=u]-r[=a]t, _v.t._ to close or stop up.--_ns._
OBTUR[=A]'TION, the act of stopping up, esp. in gunnery, of a hole to
prevent the escape of gas; OB'T[=U]R[=A]TOR, that which stops or closes up,
as a device of this kind in gunnery, &c.: in surgery, an artificial plate
for closing an abnormal aperture or fissure, as with cleft palate, &c., or
for distending an opening, as in lithotomy: any structure that shuts off a
cavity or passage, esp. in anatomy, the membrane vessels, &c., closing the
_obturator foramen_, or _thyroid foramen_, a large opening or fenestra in
the anterior part of the hip-bone. [L. _obtur[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to stop
up.]
OBTURBINATE, ob-tur'bi-n[=a]t, _adj._ inversely top-shaped.
OBTUSE, ob-t[=u]s', _adj._ blunt: not pointed: (_bot._) blunt or rounded at
the point, as a leaf: stupid: not shrill: (_geom._) greater than a right
angle.--_adjs._ OBTUSE'-ANG'LED, OBTUSE'-ANG'ULAR, having an angle greater
than a right angle.--_adv._ OBTUSE'LY.--_ns._ OBTUSE'NESS, OBTUS'ITY.
[Fr.,--L. _obtusus_--_obtund[)e]re_, to blunt--_ob_, against, _tund[)e]re_,
to beat.]
OBUMBRATE, ob-um'br[=a]t, _v.t._ to overshadow, to darken.--_adj._ lying
under some projecting part, as the abdomen of certain spiders.--_adj._
OBUM'BRANT, overhanging. [L. _obumbr[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to overshadow.]
OBVALLATE, ob-val'[=a]t, _adj._ walled up. [L. _obvall[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_,
to wall round.]
OBVELATION, ob-v[=e]-l[=a]'shun, _n._ concealment.
OBVENTION, ob-ven'shun, _n._ (_obs._) any incidental occurrence, or
advantage, esp. an offering.
OBVERSE, ob-v[.e]rs', _adj._ turned towards one: bearing the head, as one
face of a coin--opp. to _Reverse_: a second or complemental aspect of the
same fact, a correlative proposition identically, implying another:
(_bot._) having the base narrower than the top.--_n._ OB'VERSE, the side of
a coin containing the head, or principal symbol.--_adv._ OBVERSE'LY.--_n._
OBVER'SION, the act of turning toward the front of anything: in logic, a
species of immediate inference--viz. the predicating of the original
subject, the contradictory of the original predicate, and changing the
quality of the proposition--e.g. to infer from _all_ A is B that _no_ A is
not B--also called _Permutation_ and _Equipollence_.--_v.t._ OBVERT', to
turn towards the front. [L. _obversus_--_ob_, towards, _vert[)e]re_, to
turn.]
OBVIATE, ob'vi-[=a]t, _v.t._ to meet on the way, hence to remove, as
difficulties. [L. _obvi[=a]re_, -[=a]tum--_ob_, in the way of, _vi[=a]re_,
_vi[=a]tum_, to go--_via_, a way.]
OBVIOUS, ob'vi-us, _adj._ meeting one in the way: easily discovered or
understood: evident.--_adv._ OB'VIOUSLY.--_n._ OB'VIOUSNESS. [L. _obvius_.]
OBVOLUTE, -D, ob'vo-l[=u]t, -ed, _adj._ rolled or turned in, as two leaves
in a bud, one edge of each out and the other in, as in the poppy.--_adj._
OBVOL'VENT, curved downward or inward. [L. _obvolutus_--_ob_, before,
_volv[)e]re_, _volutum_, to roll.]
OCARINA, ok-a-r[=e]'na, _n._ a kind of musical instrument with a whistling
sound, made of terra-cotta, with finger-holes and a mouthpiece. [It.]
OCCAMISM, ok'am-mizm, _n._ the doctrine of the nominalist schoolman,
William of _Occam_ or _Ockham_ (_c._ 1270-1349).--_n._ OCC'AMIST, a
follower of Occam.
OCCAMY, ok'a-mi, _n._ a silvery alloy. [_Alchemy._]
OCCASION, o-k[=a]'zhun, _n._ a case of something happening: a special time
or season: a chance of bringing about something desired: an event which,
although not the cause, determines the time at which another happens: a
reason or excuse: opportunity: requirement, business: a special
ceremony.--_v.t._ to cause indirectly: to influence.--_adj._
OCC[=A]'SIONAL, falling in the way or happening: occurring only at times:
resulting from accident: produced on some special event.--_ns._
OCC[=A]'SIONALISM, the philosophical system of the Cartesian school for
explaining the action of mind upon matter, or the combined action of both
by the direct intervention of God, who on the occasion of certain
modifications in our minds, excites the corresponding movements of body,
and on the occasion of certain changes in our body, awakens the
corresponding feelings in the mind; OCC[=A]'SIONALIST;
OCCASIONAL'ITY.--_adv._ OCC[=A]'SIONALLY.--_n._ OCC[=A]'SIONER.--ON
OCCASION, in case of need: as opportunity offers, from time to time; TAKE
OCCASION, to take advantage of an opportunity. [Fr.,--L.
_occasion-em_--_occid[)e]re_--_ob_, in the way of, _cad[)e]re_, _casum_, to
fall.]
OCCIDENT, ok'si-dent, _n._ the western quarter of the sky where the sun
goes down or sets: the west generally.--_adj._ OCCIDEN'TAL, noting the
quarter where the sun goes down or sets: western: relatively less precious,
as a gem.--_n._ a native of some occidental country--opp. to
_Oriental_.--_v.t._ OCCIDEN'TALISE, to cause to conform to western ideas or
customs.--_ns._ OCCIDEN'TALISM, habits, &c., of occidental peoples;
OCCIDEN'TALIST, a student of occidental languages--opp. to _Orientalist_:
an individual belonging to an oriental country who favours western ideas,
customs, &c.--_adv._ OCCIDEN'TALLY. [Fr.,--L. _occidens_, _-entis_, pr.p.
of _occid[)e]re_, to fall down.]
OCCIPUT, ok'si-put, _n._ the back part of the head or skull.--_adj._
OCCIP'ITAL, pertaining to the occiput or back part of the head.--_n._ the
occipital bone.--_adv._ OCCIP'ITALLY.--_adjs._ OCCIP'ITO-AX'IAL, of or
pertaining to the occipital bone and to the axis or second cervical
vertebra; OCCIP'ITO-FRONT'AL, pertaining to the occiput and to the
forehead; OCCIP'ITO-TEM'PORAL, pertaining to the occipital and temporal
regions. [L.,--_ob_, over against, _caput_, head.]
OCCLUDE, o-kl[=oo]d', _v.t._ to absorb, as a gas by a metal.--_adj._
OCCLU'DENT, serving to close.--_n._ OCCLU'SION, a closing of an opening,
passage, or cavity: the act of occluding or absorbing.--_adj._ OCCLU'SIVE,
serving to close.--_n._ OCCLU'SOR, that which closes, esp. an organ for
closing an opening in a body. [L. _occlud[)e]re_,--_ob_, before,
_claud[)e]re_, to shut.]
OCCULT, ok-kult', _adj._ covered over: escaping observation: hidden: not
discovered without test or experiment: secret, unknown, transcending the
bounds of natural knowledge.--_n._ OCCULT[=A]'TION, a concealing, esp. of
one of the heavenly bodies by another: state of being hid.--_adj._
OCCULT'ED (_Shak._), hidden, secret: (_astron._) concealed, as by a body
coming between.--_ns._ OCCULT'ISM, the doctrine or study of things hidden
or mysterious--theosophy, &c.; OCCULT'IST, one who believes in occult
things.--_adv._ OCCULT'LY.--_n._ OCCULT'NESS.--OCCULT SCIENCES, alchemy,
astrology, magic, &c. [Fr.,--L. _occul[)e]re_, _occultum_, to hide.]
OCCUPY, ok'[=u]-p[=i], _v.t._ to take or hold possession of: to take up, as
room, &c.: to fill, as an office: to employ: (_B._) to use: to trade with:
(_Shak._) to possess, enjoy.--_v.i._ to hold possession: (_B._) to
trade:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ occ'[=u]pied.--_ns._ OCC'UPANCY, the act of
occupying, or of taking or holding possession: possession: the time during
which one occupies; OCC'UPANT, one who takes or has possession.--_v.t._
OCC'UP[=A]TE (_Bacon_), to hold: to possess:--_pr.p._ occ'[=u]p[=a]ting;
_pa.p._ occ'[=u]p[=a]ted.--_n._ OCCUP[=A]'TION, the act of occupying or
taking possession: possession: state of being employed or occupied: that
which occupies or takes up one's attention: employment.--_adj._
OCCUP[=A]'TIVE.--_n._ OCC'UPIER, one who takes or holds possession of: an
occupant: (_B._) a trader. [Fr.,--L. _occup[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ob_, to,
on, _cap[)e]re_, to take.]
OCCUR, o-kur', _v.i._ to come or be presented to the mind: to happen: to
appear: to be found here and there: to coincide in time:--_pr.p._
occur'ring; _pa.p._ occurred'.--_ns._ OCCUR'RENCE, anything that occurs: an
event, esp. one unlooked for or unplanned: occasional presentation;
OCCUR'RENT, one who comes to meet another: (_B._) an occurrence or
chance.--_adj._ (_B._) coming in the way. [Fr.,--L. _occurr[)e]re_--_ob_,
towards, _curr[)e]re_, to run.]
OCEAN, [=o]'shan, _n._ the vast expanse of salt water that covers the
greater part of the surface of the globe: one of its five great divisions
(Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, Antarctic): any immense expanse or vast
quantity.--_adj._ pertaining to the great sea.--_n._ O'CEAN-B[=A]'SIN, the
depression of the earth's surface in which the waters of an ocean are
contained.--_adjs._ OCEAN'IAN, pertaining to _Oceania_, which includes
Polynesia, Micronesia, Melanesia, Australasia, and Malaysia; OCEAN'IC,
pertaining to the ocean: found or formed in the ocean or high seas,
pelagic: wide like the ocean.--_ns.pl._ OCEAN'IC-IS'LANDS, islands far from
the mainland, situated in the midst of the ocean; OCEAN'IDES, marine
molluscs or sea-shells.--_ns._ O'CEAN-LANE (see LANE); OCEANOG'RAPHER, one
versed in oceanography.--_adj._ OCEANOGRAPH'IC.--_ns._ OCEANOG'RAPHY, the
scientific description of the ocean; OCEANOL'OGY, the science of the ocean:
a treatise on the ocean. [Fr.,--L. _oceanus_--Gr. _[=o]keanos_, perh. from
_[=o]kys_, swift.]
OCELLATE, -D, [=o]'sel-l[=a]t, -ed, _adj._ resembling an eye: marked with
spots resembling eyes, as the feathers of a peacock.--_adjs._ OCEL'LAR,
OC'ELLARY, ocellate, pertaining to ocelli; OCELLIF'EROUS, OCELLIG'EROUS,
bearing spots like small eyes.--_n._ OCEL'LUS, a little eye, an eye-spot:
one of the round spots of varied colour in the tail of a peacock,
&c.:--_pl._ OCEL'L[=I]. [L. _ocellatus_--_ocellus_, dim. of _oculus_, an
eye.]
OCELOT, [=o]'se-lot, _n._ the name of several species of animals in
tropical America allied to the leopard, but much smaller.--_adj._ O'CELOID.
[Mex.]
OCHER, OCHEROUS. See OCHRE.
OCH HONE, oh h[=o]n, an exclamation of lamentation. [Ir.]
OCHIDORE, ok'i-d[=o]r, _n._ a shore-crab.
OCHLESIS, ok-l[=e]'sis, _n._ an unhealthy condition due to
overcrowding.--_adj._ OCHLET'IC. [Gr. _ochlos_, a crowd.]
OCHLOCRACY, ok-lok'ra-si, _n._ mob-rule: government by the
populace.--_adjs._ OCHLOCRAT'IC, -AL.--_adv._ OCHLOCRAT'ICALLY. [Gr.
_ochlokratia_--_ochlos_, the mob, _kratia_, rule.]
OCHRE, [=o]'k[.e]r, _n._ a fine clay, mostly pale yellow, used for
colouring walls, &c.: (_slang_) money, esp. gold.--_adjs._ O'CHEROUS,
OCHR[=A]'CEOUS, O'CHREOUS, O'CHROID, O'CHRY, consisting of, containing, or
resembling ochre. [Fr.,--L. _ochra_--Gr. _[=o]chra_--_[=o]chros_, pale
yellow.]
OCREA, [=o]'kre-a, _n._ (_bot._) a sheath formed of two stipules united
round a stem:--_pl._ O'CHREÆ, O'CREÆ.--_adj._ O'CHRE[=A]TE. [L. _ochrea_, a
legging.]
OCTACHORD, ok'ta-kord, _n._ a musical instrument with eight strings: a
diatonic series of eight tones.
OCTAGON, ok'ta-gon, _n._ a plane figure of eight sides and eight
angles.--_adj._ OCTAG'ONAL. [Gr. _okt[=o]_, eight, _g[=o]nia_, an angle.]
OCTAHEDRON, ok-ta-h[=e]'dron, _n._ a solid bounded by eight faces.--_adj._
OCTAH[=E]'DRAL. [Gr. _okt[=o]_, eight, _hedra_, a base.]
OCTANDROUS, ok-tan'drus, _adj._ (_bot._) having eight stamens.--_n.pl._
OCTAN'DRIA.--_adj._ OCTAN'DRIAN. [Gr. _okt[=o]_, eight, _an[=e]r_,
_andros_, a man.]
OCTANGULAR, ok-tang'g[=u]-lar, _adj._ having eight angles.
OCTANT, ok'tant, _n._ the eighth part of a circle: an instrument for
measuring angles: the aspect of two planets when 45°, or one-eighth of a
circle, apart.--Also OC'TILE. [L. _octans_, _octantis_--_octo_, eight.]
OCTAPLA, ok'ta-pla, _n._ something eightfold: a Bible in eight languages.
[Gr. _oktaplous_, eightfold.]
OCTAPODY, ok-tap'[=o]-di, _n._ (_pros._) a metre or verse of eight
feet.--_adj._ OCTAPOD'IC.--_n._ OC'TASTICH, a strophe of eight verses or
lines--also OCTAS'TICHON.--_adj._ OCTASTROPH'IC, consisting of eight
strophes.
OCTASTYLE. See OCTOSTYLE.
OCTAVE, ok't[=a]v, _adj._ eight: consisting of eight.--_n._ an eighth: that
which consists of eight: the eighth day after a church festival, counting
the feast-day itself as the first: the period between a festival and its
octave: (_mus._) an eighth, or an interval of twelve semitones: the eighth
part of a pipe of wine. [Fr.,--L. _octavus_, eighth--_octo_, eight.]
OCTAVO, ok-t[=a]'v[=o], _adj._ having eight leaves to the sheet.--_n._ a
book printed on sheets folded into eight leaves, contracted 8vo--usually
meaning a medium octavo, 6×9½ inches. Smaller octavos are--post 8vo, 5½×8½
in.; demy 8vo, 5¼×8 in.; crown 8vo, 5×7½ in.; cap 8vo, 4½×7 in. Larger
octavos are--royal 8vo, 6½×10 in.; super-royal 8vo, 7×11 in.; imperial 8vo,
8¼×11 in.:--_pl._ OCT[=A]'VOS.
OCTENNIAL, ok-ten'i-al, _adj._ happening every eighth year: lasting eight
years.--_adv._ OCTENN'IALLY.--_n._ OCTOCEN'TENARY, the 800th anniversary of
an event. [L. _octennis_--_octo_, eight, _annus_, a year.]
OCTILLION, ok-til'yun, _n._ the number produced by raising a million to the
eighth power, expressed by a unit with forty-eight ciphers: in France and
the United States, one thousand raised to the ninth power, expressed by a
unit with twenty-seven ciphers. [L. _octo_, eight, _million_.]
OCTOBER, ok-t[=o]'b[.e]r, _n._ the eighth month of the Roman year, which
began in March: the tenth month in our calendar. [L. _octo_, eight.]
OCTOBRACHIATE, ok-t[=o]-br[=a]'ki-[=a]t, _adj._ having eight brachia, arms,
or rays.
OCTOCEROUS, ok-tos'e-rus, _adj._ having eight arms or rays.
OCTODECIMO, ok-t[=o]-des'i-m[=o], _adj._ having eighteen leaves to the
sheet, contracted 18mo.--_adj._ OCTODEC'IMAL (_crystal._), having eighteen
faces. [L. _octodecim_, eighteen--_octo_, eight, _decem_, ten.]
OCTODENTATE, ok-t[=o]-den't[=a]t, _adj._ having eight teeth.
OCTOFID, ok't[=o]-fid, _adj._ (_bot._) cleft into eight segments.
OCTOGENARIAN, ok-t[=o]-je-n[=a]'ri-an, _n._ and _adj._ one who is eighty
years old, or between eighty and ninety.--_adj._ OCTOG'ENARY.
OCTOGYNOUS, ok-toj'i-nus, _adj._ (_bot._) having eight pistils or styles.
[Gr. _okt[=o]_, eight, _gyn[=e]_, wife.]
OCTOHEDRON=OCTAHEDRON.
OCTOLATERAL, ok-t[=o]-lat'e-ral, _adj._ having eight sides.
OCTONARY, ok't[=o]-n[=a]-ri, _adj._ consisting of eight.
OCTONOCULAR, ok-t[=o]-nok'[=u]-lar, _adj._ having eight eyes.
OCTOPEDE, ok't[=o]-p[=e]d, _n._ an eight-footed animal.
OCTOPETALOUS, ok-t[=o]-pet'a-lus, _adj._ having eight petals.
OCTOPOD, ok't[=o]-pod, _adj._ eight-footed or eight-armed--also
OCTOP'ODOUS.--_n._ an octopus.
OCTOPUS, ok't[=o]-pus, _n._ a widely distributed genus of eight-armed
cuttle-fishes, covered with suckers, a devil-fish. [Gr. _okt[=o]_, eight,
_pous_, _podos_, foot.]
OCTORADIATE, -D, ok-t[=o]-r[=a]'di-[=a]t, -ed, _adj._ having eight rays.
OCTOROON, ok-t[=o]-r[=oo]n', _n._ the offspring of a quadroon and a white
person: one who has one-eighth negro blood. [L. _octo_, eight.]
OCTOSEPALOUS, ok-t[=o]-sep'a-lus, _adj._ having eight sepals.
OCTOSPERMOUS, ok-t[=o]-sper'mus, _adj._ having eight seeds.
OCTOSPOROUS, ok-t[=o]-sp[=o]'rus, _adj._ eight-spored.
OCTOSTICHOUS, ok-tos'ti-kus, _adj._ (_bot._) eight-ranked.
OCTOSTYLE, ok't[=o]-st[=i]l, _n._ an edifice or portico with eight pillars
in front.
OCTOSYLLABIC, ok-t[=o]-sil-lab'ik, _adj._ consisting of eight
syllables.--_n._ OC'TOSYLLABLE, a word of eight syllables.
OCTROI, ok-trwä', _n._ a grant of the exclusive right of trade: a toll or
tax levied at the gates of a city on articles brought in: the place where
such taxes are paid. [Fr.,--_octroyer_, to grant--L. _auctor[=a]re_, to
authorise--_auctor_, author.]
OCTUPLE, ok't[=u]-pl, _adj._ eightfold.--_n._ OC'T[=U]PLET (_mus._), a
group of eight notes to be played in the time of six.
OCTYL, ok'til, _n._ a hypothetical organic radical, known only in
combination--also _Capryl_.--_n._ OC'TYL[=E]NE, a hydrocarbon obtained by
heating octylic alcohol with sulphuric acid.--_adj._ OCTYL'IC.
OCULAR, ok'[=u]-lar, _adj._ pertaining to the eye: formed in, or known by,
the eye: received by actual sight.--_adv._ OC'ULARLY.--_adjs._ OC'UL[=A]TE,
-D, having eyes, or spots like eyes; OCULAU'DITORY, representing an eye and
an ear together; OCULIF'EROUS, OCULIG'EROUS, bearing an eye or eyes;
OC'ULIFORM, ocular in form; OC'ULIM[=O]TOR, -Y, ocular and motory.--_n._
OC'ULIST, one skilled in diseases of the eye. [L. _ocularius_--_oculus_,
the eye.]
OD, [=o]d, or od, _n._ a peculiar force acting on the nervous system,
assumed by Reichenbach to exist in light, heat, electricity, living bodies,
and all material substances whatever, and to produce the phenomena of
mesmerism.--_adj._ O'DIC.--_ns._ OD'-FORCE, od; O'DISM, belief in od. [Gr.
_hodos_, a way.]
OD, od, _n._ for God--sometimes ODD.--_interjs._ OD'S-BODIKINS, God's body;
OD'S LIFE, God's life; OD'S-PITIKINS (_Shak._), a corr. of God's pity.
ODAL, ODALLER, same as UDAL, UDALLER.
ODALISQUE, ODALISK, [=o]'da-lisk, _n._ a female slave in a harem.
[Fr.,--Turk. _oda_, a chamber.]
ODD, od, _adj._ not paired with another: not even: left over after a round
number has been taken: additional to a certain amount in round numbers: not
exactly divisible by two: strange: unusual in kind or appearance: trifling:
remote: (_Shak._) at variance.--_ns._ ODD'-COME-SHORTLY, an early day, any
time; ODD'FELLOW, a member of a secret benevolent society called
Oddfellows; ODD'ITY, the state of being odd or singular: strangeness: a
singular person or thing.--_adj._ ODD'-LOOK'ING, having a singular
appearance.--_adv._ ODD'LY.--_ns._ ODD'MENT, something remaining over: one
of a broken set--often used in the plural; ODD'NESS.--_n.pl._ ODDS (odz),
inequality: difference in favour of one against another: more than an even
wager: the amount or proportion by which the bet of one exceeds that of
another: advantage: dispute: scraps, miscellaneous pieces, as in the phrase
ODDS AND ENDS (lit. 'points' and ends).--AT ODDS, at variance. [Scand.,
Ice. _oddi_, a triangle, odd number--Ice. _oddr_, point; cf. A.S. _ord_,
point.]
ODE, [=o]d, _n._ a song: a poem written to be set to music: the music
written for such a poem.--_adj._ O'DIC.--_n._ O'DIST, a writer of odes.
[Fr. _ode_--Gr. _[=o]d[=e]_, contr. from _aoid[=e]_--_aeidein_, to sing.]
ODEUM, [=o]-d[=e]'um, _n._ in ancient Greece a theatre for musical
contests, &c., sometimes applied to a modern music-hall.--Also OD[=E]'ON.
[Gr.]
ODIN, [=o]'din, _n._ the chief of the gods in Norse mythology.
ODIOUS, [=o]'di-us, _adj._ hateful: offensive: repulsive: causing
hatred.--_adv._ O'DIOUSLY.--_ns._ O'DIOUSNESS; O'DIUM, hatred:
offensiveness: blame: quality of provoking hate.--ODIUM THEOLOGICUM, the
proverbial hatred of controversial divines for each other's errors--and
persons. [L.,--_odi_, to hate.]
ODOMETER=HODOMETER (q.v.).
ODONTOGLOSSUM, [=o]-don-t[=o]-glos'um, _n._ a genus of tropical American
orchids with showy flowers.
ODONTOID, o-don'toid, _adj._ tooth-shaped: tooth-like.--_ns._ ODONTAL'GIA,
ODONTAL'GY, toothache.--_adj._ ODONTAL'GIC.--_n._ ODONT[=I]'ASIS, the
cutting of the teeth.--_adj._ ODON'TIC, dental.--_n._ ODON'TOBLAST, a cell
by which dentine is developed.--_adjs._ ODON'TOCETE, toothed, as a
cetacean; ODONTOGEN'IC.--_ns._ ODONTOG'ENY, the origin and development of
teeth; ODONTOG'RAPHY, description of teeth.--_adjs._ ODONTOLOG'IC,
-AL.--_ns._ ODONTOL'OGIST, one skilled in odontology; ODONTOL'OGY, the
science of the teeth; ODONTOLOX'IA, irregularity of teeth; ODONT[=O]'MA, a
small tumour composed of dentine.--_adjs._ ODON'TOMOUS, pertaining to
odontoma; ODONTOPH'ORAL, ODONTOPH'ORAN.--_n._ ODON'TOPHORE, the radula,
tongue, or lingual ribbon of certain molluscs.--_adjs._ ODONTOPH'OROUS,
bearing teeth; ODONTOSTOM'ATOUS, having jaws which bite like teeth.--_ns._
ODONTOTHERAP[=I]'A, the treatment or care of the teeth; ODON'TRYPY, the
operation of perforating a tooth to draw off purulent matter from the
cavity of the pulp. [Gr. _odous_, _odontos_, a tooth.]
ODOUR, [=o]'dur, _n._ smell: perfume: estimation: reputation.--_adj._
ODORIF'EROUS, bearing odour or scent: diffusing fragrance:
perfumed.--_adv._ ODORIF'EROUSLY.--_n._ ODORIF'EROUSNESS, the quality of
being odoriferous.--_adj._ O'DOROUS, emitting an odour or scent:
sweet-smelling: fragrant.--_adv._ O'DOROUSLY.--_n._ O'DOROUSNESS, the
quality of exciting the sensation of smell.--_adjs._ O'DOURED, perfumed;
O'DOURLESS, without odour.--ODOUR OF SANCTITY (see SANCTITY); IN BAD ODOUR,
in bad repute. [Fr.,--L. _odor_.]
ODYLE, [=o]'dil, _n._ Same as OD (1).
ODYSSEY, od'is-si, _n._ a Greek epic poem, ascribed to Homer, describing
the return of the Greeks from the Trojan war, and esp. of _Odysseus_
(Ulysses) to Ithaca after ten years' wanderings.
OECOLOGY, [=e]-kol'[=o]-ji, _n._ the science of animal and vegetable
economy.--_n._ OE'CIUM, the household common to the individuals of a
compound organism.--_adj._ OECOLOG'ICAL.
OECONOMY, OECUMENIC, -AL, &c. See ECONOMY, ECUMENIC.
OEDEMA, [=e]-d[=e]'ma, _n._ (_med._) the swelling occasioned by the
effusion or infiltration of serum into cellular or areolar structures,
usually the subcutaneous cellular tissue. [Gr. _oid[=e]ma_, swelling.]
OEDEMIA, [=e]-d[=e]'mi-a, _n._ a genus of _Anatidæ_, the scoters,
surf-ducks, or sea-coots. [Gr. _oid[=e]ma_.]
OEILLADE, [.e]l-yad', _n._ (_Shak._) a glance or wink given with the
eye.--_ns._ OEIL-DE-BOEUF, a round or oval opening for admitting light: a
small, narrow window, or bull's-eye:--_pl._ OEILS-DE-BOEUF;
OEIL-DE-PERDRIX, a small, round figure in decorative art, a dot. [Fr.
_oeillade_--_oeil_, eye.]
OENANTHIC, [=e]-nan'thik, _adj._ having or imparting the characteristic
odour of wine.--_ns._ OENOL'OGY, the science of wines; OE'NOMANCY,
divination from the appearance of wine poured out in libations;
OENOM[=A]'NIA, dipsomania; OENOM'ETER, a hydrometer for measuring the
alcoholic strength of wines; OENOPH'ILIST, a lover of wine. [Gr. _oinos_
wine.]
OENOMEL, [=e]'no-mel, _n._ wine mixed with honey: mead. [Gr. _oinos_, wine,
and _meli_, honey.]
OENOTHERA, [=e]-n[=o]-th[=e]'ra, _n._ a genus of leafy branching plants,
with yellow or purplish flowers, called also _Evening_, or _Tree_,
_primrose_. [Gr. _oinos_, wine, and perh. _th[=e]ran_, to hunt.]
O'ER, [=o]r, contracted from _over_.
O'ERCOME, owr'kum, _n._ (_Scot._) the burden of a song: overplus.--_n._
O'ER'LAY, a large cravat.
OES, [=o]z, _n._ (_Bacon_) circlets of gold or silver.
OESOPHAGUS, ESOPHAGUS, [=e]-sof'a-gus, _n._ the gullet, a membranous canal
about nine inches in length, extending from the pharynx to the stomach,
thus forming part of the alimentary canal.--_n._ OESOPHAGAL'GIA, pain, esp.
neuralgia, in the oesophagus.--_adj._ OESOPHAGEAL (-faj'-).--_ns._
OESOPHAGEC'TOMY, excision of a portion of the oesophagus; OESOPHAGIS'MUS,
oesophageal spasm; OESOPHAG[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the oesophagus;
OESOPHAG'OCELE, hernia of the mucous membrane of the oesophagus through its
walls; OESOPHAGODYN'IA, pain in the oesophagus; OESOPHAGOP'ATHY, disease of
the oesophagus; OESOPHAGOPL[=E]'GIA, paralysis of the oesophagus;
OESOPHAGORRH[=A]'GIA, hemorrhage from the oesophagus; OESOPH'AGOSCOPE, an
instrument for inspecting the interior of the oesophagus;
OESOPHAGOSPAS'MUS, spasm of the oesophagus; OESOPHAGOSTEN[=O]'SIS, a
constriction of the oesophagus. [Gr.]
OESTRUM, [=e]s'trum, _n._ violent desire.--_adj._ OES'TRUAL, in heat,
rutting.--_v.i._ OES'TRU[=A]TE, to be in heat.--_ns._ OESTRU[=A]'TION;
OES'TRUS, a gadfly. [L.]
OF, ov, _prep._ from or out from: belonging to: out of: among: proceeding
from, so in the Litany and Nicene Creed: owing to: with: over: concerning:
during: (_B._ and _Pr. Bk._) sometimes=by, from, on, or over.--OF PURPOSE
(_B._), intentionally. [A.S. _of_; Dut. _af_, Ger. _ab_, also L. _ab_, Gr.
_apo_.]
OFF, of, _adv._ from: away from: on the opposite side of a
question.--_adj._ most distant: on the opposite or farther side: on the
side of a cricket-field right of the wicket-keeper and left of the bowler:
not devoted to usual business, as an OFF DAY.--_prep._ not on.--_interj._
away! depart!--_adj._ and _adv._ OFF'-AND-ON', occasional.--_adj._
OFF'-COL'OUR, of inferior value: indisposed.--_n._ OFF'-COME (_Scot._), an
apology, pretext: any exhibition of temper, &c.--_adv._ OFF'-HAND, at once:
without hesitating.--_adj._ without study: impromptu: free and
easy.--_adj._ OFF'ISH, reserved in manner.--_ns._ OFF'-PRINT, a reprint of
a single article from a magazine or other periodical--the French _tirage à
part_, German _Abdruck_; OFF'-RECK'ONING, an allowance formerly made to
certain British officers from the money appropriated for army
clothing.--_v.t._ OFF'SADDLE, to unsaddle.--_ns._ OFF'SCOURING, matter
scoured off: refuse: anything vile or despised; OFF'-SCUM, refuse or scum;
OFF'SET (_in accounts_), a sum or value set off against another as an
equivalent: a short lateral shoot or bulb: a terrace on a hillside:
(_archit._) a horizontal ledge on the face of a wall: in surveying, a
perpendicular from the main line to an outlying point.--_v.t._ (_in
accounts_) to place against as an equivalent.--_n._ OFF'SHOOT, that which
shoots off from the main stem, stream, &c.: anything growing out of
another.--_adv._ OFF'SHORE, in a direction from the shore, as a wind: at a
distance from the shore.--_adj._ from the shore.--_ns._ OFF'SIDE, the
right-hand side in driving: the farther side; OFF'SPRING, that which
springs from another: a child, or children: issue: production of any
kind.--OFF ONE'S CHUMP, HEAD, demented; OFF ONE'S FEED, indisposed to
eat.--BE OFF, to go away quickly; COME OFF, GO OFF, SHOW OFF, TAKE OFF, &c.
(see COME, GO, SHOW, TAKE, &c.); ILL OFF, poor or unfortunate; TELL OFF, to
count: to assign, as for a special duty; WELL OFF, rich, well provided.
[Same as _Of_.]
OFFAL, of'al, _n._ waste meat: the part of an animal which is unfit for
use: refuse: anything worthless. [_Off_ and _fall_.]
OFFEND, of-fend', _v.t._ to displease or make angry: to do harm to: to
affront: (_B._) to cause to sin.--_v.i._ to sin: to cause anger: (_B._) to
be made to sin.--_n._ OFFENCE', any cause of anger or displeasure: an
injury: a crime: a sin: affront: assault.--_adjs._ OFFENCE'FUL (_Shak._)
giving offence or displeasure: injurious; OFFENCE'LESS (_Milt._),
unoffending: innocent.--_ns._ OFFEND'ER, one who offends or injures: a
trespasser: a criminal:--_fem._ OFFEND'RESS; OFFENSE', &c., same as
OFFENCE, &c.--_adj._ OFFENS'IVE, causing offence, displeasure, or injury:
used in attack: making the first attack.--_n._ the act of the attacking
party: the posture of one who attacks.--_adv._ OFFENS'IVELY.--_n._
OFFENS'IVENESS.--OFFENSIVE AND DEFENSIVE, requiring all parties to make war
together, or to defend each other if attacked.--GIVE OFFENCE, to cause
displeasure; TAKE OFFENCE, to feel displeasure, be offended. [Fr.,--L.
_ob_, against, _fend[)e]re_, to strike.]
OFFER, of'[.e]r, _v.t._ to bring to or before: to hold out for acceptance
or rejection: to make a proposal to: to lay before: to present to the mind:
to attempt: to propose to give, as a price or service: to present in
worship.--_v.i._ to present itself: to be at hand: to declare a
willingness.--_n._ act of offering: first advance: that which is offered:
proposal made.--_adj._ OFF'ERABLE, that may be offered.--_ns._ OFF'ERER;
OFF'ERING, act of making an offer: that which is offered: a gift: (_B._)
that which is offered on an altar: a sacrifice: (_pl._) in Church of
England, certain dues payable at Easter; OFF'ERTORY, act of offering, the
thing offered: the verses or the anthem said or sung while the offerings of
the congregation are being made and the celebrant is placing the
unconsecrated elements on the altar: the money collected at a religious
service: anciently a linen or silken cloth used in various ceremonies
connected with the administration of the eucharist. [L. _offerre_--_ob_,
towards, _ferre_, to bring.]
OFFICE, of'is, _n._ settled duty or employment: a position imposing certain
duties or giving a right to exercise an employment: business: act of
worship: order or form of a religious service, either public or private:
that which a thing is designed or fitted to do: a place where business is
carried on: (_pl._) acts of good or ill: service: the apartments of a house
in which the domestics discharge their duties.--_ns._ OFF'ICE-BEAR'ER, one
who holds office: one who has an appointed duty to perform in connection
with some company, society, &c.; OFF'ICER, one who holds an office: a
person who performs some public duty: a person entrusted with
responsibility in the army or navy.--_v.t._ to furnish with officers: to
command, as officers.--_adj._ OFFIC'IAL, pertaining to an office: depending
on the proper office or authority: done by authority.--_n._ one who holds
an office: a subordinate public officer: the deputy of a bishop, &c.--_ns._
OFFIC'IALISM, official position: excessive devotion to official routine and
detail; OFFICIAL'ITY, OFFIC'IALTY, the charge, office, or jurisdiction of
an official: the official headquarters of an ecclesiastical or other
deliberative and governing body.--_adv._ OFFIC'IALLY.--_n._ OFFIC'IANT, one
who officiates at a religious service, one who administers a
sacrament.--_v.i._ OFFIC'I[=A]TE, to perform the duties of an office: (with
_for_) to perform official duties in place of another.--_n._
OFFIC'I[=A]TOR.--GIVE THE OFFICE (_slang_), to suggest, supply information;
HOLY OFFICE, the Inquisition. [Fr.,--L. _officium_.]
OFFICINAL, of-fis'i-nal, _adj._ belonging to, or used in, a shop: denoting
an approved medicine kept prepared by apothecaries. [Fr.,--L. _officina_, a
workshop--_opus_, work, _fac[)e]re_, to do.]
OFFICIOUS, of-fish'us, _adj._ too forward in offering services: overkind:
intermeddling.--_adv._ OFFIC'IOUSLY.--_n._ OFFIC'IOUSNESS. [Fr.,--L.
_officiosus_--_officium_.]
OFFING, of'ing, _n._ the part of the sea more than half-way between the
shore and the horizon.
OFT, oft, OFTEN, of'n, _adv._ frequently: many times.--_adj._ OFT'EN
(_B._), frequent.--_n._ OFT'ENNESS, frequency.--_advs._ OFT'TIMES,
OFT'ENTIMES, many times: frequently. [A.S. _oft_; Ger. _oft_, Goth.
_ufta_.]
OGEE, [=o]-j[=e]', _n._ a wave-like moulding formed of a convex curve
continued or followed by a concave one. [Fr. _ogive_.]
[Illustration]
OGHAM, OGAM, og'am, _n._ an ancient Irish writing, in straight lines
crossing each other; one of the characters, twenty in number, of which it
is formed.--_adjs._ OGH'AMIC, OG'AMIC.
OGIVE, [=o]'jiv, _n._ (_archit._) a pointed arch or window.--_adj._
OG[=I]'VAL. [Fr.,--Sp.,--Ar. _áwj_, summit.]
OGLE, [=o]'gl, _v.t._ to look at fondly with side glances.--_v.i._ to cast
amorous glances.--_ns._ O'GLE; O'GLER; O'GLING. [Dut. _oogen_--_ooge_, the
eye.]
OGRE, [=o]'g[.e]r, _n._ a man-eating monster or giant of fairy
tales:--_fem._ O'GRESS.--_adj._ O'GREISH. [Fr. _ogre_--Sp. _ogro_--L.
_orcus_, the lower world.]
OGYGIAN, [=o]-jij'i-an, _adj._ pertaining to the mythical Attic king
_Og[)y]ges_, prehistoric, primeval.
OH, [=o], _interj._ denoting surprise, pain, sorrow, &c.
OHM, [=o]m, _n._ the unit by which electrical resistance is measured, being
nearly equal to that caused by a thousand feet of copper wire one-tenth of
an inch in diameter.--OHM'S LAW (see LAW). [Georg Simon _Ohm_, a German
electrician, 1787-1854.]
OIDIUM, [=o]-id'i-um, _n._ a genus of parasitic fungi, including the
vine-mildew, &c. [Gr. _[=o]on_, an egg.]
OIL, oil, _n._ the juice from the fruit of the olive-tree: any greasy
liquid.--_v.t._ to smear or anoint with oil.--_ns._ OIL'BAG, a bag or cyst
in animals containing oil; OIL'CAKE, a cake made of flax seed from which
the oil has been pressed out; OIL'CLOTH, a painted floorcloth;
OIL'-COL'OUR, a colouring substance mixed with oil; OIL'ER, one who, or
that which, oils: an oil-can: (_coll._) a coat of oilskin; OIL'ERY, the
commodities of an oil-man; OIL'-GAS, illuminating gas or heating gas made
by distilling oil in closed retorts; OIL'INESS; OIL'-MAN, one who deals in
oils; OIL'-MILL, a grinding-mill for expressing oil from seeds, nuts, &c.;
OIL'NUT, the butter-nut of North America; OIL'-PAINT'ING, a picture painted
in oil-colours: the art of painting in oil-colours; OIL'-PALM, a palm whose
fruit-pulp yields palm-oil; OIL'-PRESS, a machine for expressing oils from
seeds or pulp; OIL'SKIN, cloth made waterproof by means of oil: a garment
made of oilskin; OIL'-SPRING, a spring whose water contains oily matter: a
fissure or area from which petroleum, &c. oozes; OIL'STONE, a fine-grained
kind of stone used, when wetted with oil, for sharpening tools; OIL'-WELL,
a boring made for petroleum.--_adj._ OIL'Y, consisting of, containing, or
having the qualities of oil: greasy.--STRIKE OIL (see STRIKE). [O. Fr.
_oile_ (Fr. _huile_)--L. _oleum_--Gr. _elaion_--_elaia_, the olive.]
OINTMENT, oint'ment, _n._ anything used in anointing: (_med._) any greasy
substance applied to diseased or wounded parts: (_B._) a perfume. [O.
Fr.,--L. _unguentum_--_ung[)e]re_, to smear.]
OKAPI, [=o]'ka-pi, _n._ a giraffe-like animal of the Semliki forests of
Central Africa.
OKE, [=o]k, _n._ a Turkish weight of 2¾ lb. avoirdupois.
OLD, [=o]ld, _adj._ advanced in years: having been long in existence: worn
out: out of date, old-fashioned: ancient, former, antique, early: (_coll._)
great, high: having the age or duration of: long practised: sober,
wise.--_n._ OLD-CLOTHES'MAN, one who buys cast-off garments.--_v.i._
OLD'EN, to grow old, to become affected by age.--_adj._ old,
ancient.--_adj._ OLD-FASH'IONED, of a fashion like that used long ago: out
of date: clinging to old things and old styles: with manners like those of
a grown-up person (said of a child).--_n._ OLD-FASH'IONEDNESS.--_adjs._
OLD-F[=O]'GYISH, like an old fogy; OLD-GEN'TLEMANLY, characteristic of an
old gentleman; OLD'ISH, somewhat old; OLD'-LIGHT, denoting those of the
Seceders from the Church of Scotland who continued to hold unchanged the
principle of the connection between church and state--the position
maintained by the first Seceders in 1733.--_n._ one of this body.--_ns._
OLD-MAID'HOOD, OLD-MAID'ISM.--_adj._ OLD-MAID'ISH, like the conventional
old maid, prim.--_ns._ OLD'NESS; OLD'STER (_coll._), a man getting old: a
midshipman of four years' standing, a master's mate.--_adj._ OLD'-TIME, of
or pertaining to times long gone by: of long standing: old-fashioned.--_n._
OLD'-TIM'ER, one who has lived in a place or kept a position for a long
time.--_adjs._ OLD-WOM'ANISH, like an old woman; OLD'-WORLD, belonging to
earlier times, antiquated, old-fashioned.--_n._ the Eastern
Hemisphere.--OLD AGE, the later part of life; OLD BACHELOR, an unmarried
man somewhat advanced in years; OLD ENGLISH (see ENGLISH): the form of
black letter used by 16th-century English printers; OLD GOLD, a dull gold
colour like tarnished gold, used in textile fabrics; OLD HARRY, NICK, ONE,
&c., the devil; OLD HUNDRED, properly OLD HUNDREDTH, a famous tune set in
England about the middle of the 16th century to Kethe's version of the
100th Psalm, marked 'Old Hundredth' in Tate and Brady's new version in
1696; OLD MAID, a woman who has not been married, and is past the usual age
of marriage: a simple game played by matching cards from a pack from which
a card (usually a queen) has been removed; OLD MAN, unregenerate human
nature: (_coll._) one's father, guardian, or employer (usually with 'the');
OLD RED SANDSTONE (see SAND); OLD SALT, an experienced sailor; OLD SCHOOL,
of, or resembling, earlier days, old-fashioned; OLD SONG, a mere trifle, a
very small price; OLD SQUAW, a sea-duck of the northern hemisphere--also
OLD WIFE; OLD STYLE (often written with a date O.S.), the mode of reckoning
time before 1752, according to the Julian calendar or year of 365¼ days;
OLD TESTAMENT (see TESTAMENT); OLD TOM, a strong kind of English gin; OLD
WIFE, a prating old woman, or even a man: a chimney-cap for curing
smoking.--OF OLD, long ago, in ancient times, or belonging to such. [A.S.
_eald_; Dut. _oud_; Ger. _alt_.]
OLEAGINOUS, [=o]-l[=e]-aj'in-us, _adj._ oily: (_bot._) fleshy and oily:
unctuous, sanctimonious, fawning.--_n._ OLEAG'INOUSNESS. [L.
_oleaginus_--_oleum_, oil.]
OLEANDER, [=o]-l[=e]-an'd[.e]r, _n._ an evergreen shrub with lance-shaped
leathery leaves and beautiful red or white flowers, the _Rose Bay_ or _Rose
Laurel_. [Fr., a corr. of Low L. _lorandrum_. Cf. _Rhododendron_.]
OLEASTER, [=o]-l[=e]-as't[.e]r, _n._ the wild olive. [L.,--_olea_, an
olive-tree--Gr. _elaia_.]
OLECRANON, [=o]-l[=e]-kr[=a]'non, _n._ a process forming the upper end of
the ulna.--_adj._ OLECR[=A]'NAL. [Gr.]
OLEIN, [=o]'l[=e]-in, _n._ a natural fat, found in the fatty oils of
animals and vegetables.--_n._ O'LE[=A]TE, a salt of oleic acid.--_adj._
OLEF[=I]'ANT, producing oil.--_ns._ OLEF[=I]'ANT-GAS, ethylene; O'LEFINE,
any one of a group of hydrocarbons homologous with ethylene.--_adjs._
O'LEIC; OLEIF'EROUS, producing oil, as seeds.--_ns._ OLEOMAR'GARINE,
artificial butter at first made from pure beef-fat, now from oleo-oil,
neutral lard, milk, cream, and pure butter, worked together, with a
colouring matter; OLEOM'ETER, an instrument for determining the density of
oils; O'LEON, a liquid obtained from the distillation of olein and lime;
OLEORES'IN, a native compound of an essential oil and a resin: a
preparation of a fixed or volatile oil holding resin in solution;
OLEOSAC'CHARUM, a mixture of oil and sugar.--_adjs._ O'LE[=O]SE, O'LEOUS,
oily. [L. _oleum_, oil.]
OLENT, [=o]'lent, _adj._ smelling. [L. _ol[=e]re_, to smell.]
OLEOGRAPH, [=o]'l[=e]-[=o]-graf, _n._ a print in oil-colours to imitate an
oil-painting.--_n._ OLEOG'RAPHY, the art of preparing such. [L. _oleum_,
oil, Gr. _graphein_, to write.]
OLERACEOUS, ol-e-r[=a]'shus, _adj._ of the nature of a pot-herb, for
kitchen use. [L.]
OLFACTORY, ol-fak'tor-i, _adj._ pertaining to, or used in, smelling. [L.
_olfact[=a]re_, to smell--_ol[=e]re_, to smell, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
OLIBANUM, [=o]-lib'a-num, _n._ a gum-resin flowing from incisions in
several species of _Boswellia_ in Somaliland and southern Arabia--the
_Lebonah_ of the Hebrews, _Libanos_ and _Liban[=o]tos_ of the Greeks.
OLIGÆMIA, ol-i-j[=e]'mi-a, _n._ abnormal deficiency of blood.
OLIGARCHY, ol'i-gärk-i, _n._ government by a small exclusive class: a state
governed by such: a small body of men who have the supreme power of a state
in their hands.--_n._ OL'IGARCH, a member of an oligarchy.--_adjs._
OLIGARCH'AL, OLIGARCH'IC, -AL, pertaining to an oligarchy. [Fr.,--Gr.,
_oligos_, few, _archein_, to rule.]
OLIGIST, ol'i-jist, _n._ a crystallised variety of hematite.
OLIGOCENE, ol'i-g[=o]-s[=e]n, _adj._ (_geol._) pertaining to a division of
the Tertiary series, the rocks chiefly of fresh and brackish water origin,
with intercalations of marine beds. [Gr. _oligos_, little, _kainos_, new.]
OLIGOCHROME, ol'i-g[=o]-kr[=o]m, _adj._ and _n._ painted in few colours.
[Gr. _oligos_, few, _chr[=o]ma_, colour.]
OLIGOCLASE, ol'i-g[=o]-kl[=a]s, _n._ a soda-lime triclinic feldspar.
OLIO, [=o]'li-[=o], _n._ a savoury dish of different sorts of meat and
vegetables: a mixture: a medley, literary miscellany. [Sp. _olla_--L.
_olla_, a pot.]
OLIPHANT, ol'i-fant, _n._ an ancient ivory hunting-horn: an obsolete form
of elephant.
OLITORY, ol'i-t[=o]-ri, _adj._ and _n._ pertaining to
kitchen-vegetables:--_pl._ OL'ITORIES. [L. _olitor_, gardener.]
OLIVE, ol'iv, _n._ a tree cultivated round the Mediterranean for its oily
fruit: its fruit: peace, of which the olive was the emblem: a colour like
the unripe olive.--_adj._ of a brownish-green colour like the
olive.--_adjs._ OLIV[=A]'CEOUS, olive-coloured: olive-green; OL'IVARY, like
olives.--_ns._ OL'IVENITE, a mineral consisting chiefly of arsenic acid and
protoxide of iron; OL'IVE-OIL, oil pressed from the fruit of the olive;
OL'IVE-YARD, a piece of ground on which olives are grown; OL'IVINE,
chrysolite.--OLIVE BRANCH, a symbol of peace: (_pl._) children (Ps.
cxxviii. 4; _Pr. Bk._). [Fr.,--L. _oliva_--Gr. _elaia_.]
OLIVER, ol'i-v[.e]r, _n._ a forge-hammer worked by foot.
OLIVERIAN, ol-i-v[=e]'ri-an, _adj._ an adherent of the great Protector,
_Oliver_ Cromwell (1599-1658).
OLIVET, ol'i-vet, _n._ an imitation pearl manufactured for trade with
savages.
OLIVETAN, ol'i-vet-an, _n._ one of an order of Benedictine monks founded in
1313, the original house at Monte _Oliveto_, near Siena.
OLLA, ol'la, _n._ a jar or urn.--_n._ OL'LA-PODRIDA (-po-dr[=e]'da), a
Spanish mixed stew or hash of meat and vegetables: any incongruous mixture
or miscellaneous collection. [Sp.,--L. _olla_, a pot.]
OLLAM, ol'am, _n._ a doctor or master among the ancient Irish.--Also
OLL'AMH. [Ir.]
OLOGY, ol'[=o]-ji, _n._ a science whose name ends in -ology, hence any
science generally.
OLPE, ol'p[=e], _n._ a small Greek even-rimmed spoutless vase or jug. [Gr.]
OLYMPIAD, [=o]-lim'pi-ad, _n._ in ancient Greece, a period of four years,
being the interval from one celebration of the Olympic games to another,
used in reckoning time (the date of the first Olympiad is 776
B.C.).--_adjs._ OLYM'PIAN, OLYM'PIC, pertaining to Olympia in Elis, where
the Olympic games were celebrated, or to Mount Olympus in Thessaly, the
seat of the gods.--_n._ a dweller in Olympus, one of the twelve greater
gods of Greek mythology.--_ns.pl._ OLYM'PICS, OLYM'PIC GAMES, games
celebrated every four years at Olympia, dedicated to Olympian Zeus;
OLYM'PUS, the abode of the gods, supposed to have been Mount Olympus in
Thessaly. [Gr. _olympias_, _-ados_, belonging to _Olympia_ in Elis.]
OMADHAUN, om'a-dawn, _n._ a stupid, silly creature. [Ir.]
OMASUM, [=o]-m[=a]'sum, _n._ a ruminant's third stomach, the psalterium or
manyplies.--_adj._ OM[=A]'SAL.
OMBRE, om'b[.e]r, _n._ a game of cards played with a pack of forty cards,
usually by three persons. [Fr.,--Sp. _hombre_--L. _homo_, a man.]
OMBROMETER, om-brom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ a rain-gauge.
OMEGA, [=o]'meg-a, or [=o]-m[=e]'ga, _n._ the last letter of the Greek
alphabet: (_B._) the end.--ALPHA AND OMEGA, the beginning and the end: the
chief point or purpose (Rev. i. 8). [Gr. _[=o] mega_, the great or long
_O_.]
OMELET, OMELETTE, om'e-let, _n._ a pancake chiefly of eggs, beaten up with
flour, &c., and fried in a pan. [O. Fr. _amelette_ (Fr. _omelette_), which
through the form _alemette_ is traced to _alemelle_, the O. Fr. form of Fr.
_alumelle_, a thin plate, a corr. of _lemelle_--L. _lamella_, _lamina_, a
thin plate.]
OMEN, [=o]'men, _n._ a sign of some future event, either good or evil: a
foreboding.--_v.i._ and _v.t._ to prognosticate: to predict.--_adj._
O'MENED, containing omens, mostly with prefixes, as ill-_omened_. [L. for
_osmen_, that which is uttered by the mouth--L. _os_; or for _ausmen_, that
heard--_aud[=i]re_, to hear.]
OMENTUM, [=o]-men'tum, _n._ a fold of peritoneum, proceeding from one of
the abdominal viscera to another:--_pl._ OMEN'TA.--_adj._ OMEN'TAL.--GREAT
OMENTUM, the epiploon. [L.]
OMER, [=o]'m[.e]r, _n._ a Hebrew dry measure containing about half a
gallon, 1/10 ephah.
OMICRON, [=o]-m[=i]'kron, _n._ the short _o_ in the Greek alphabet.
OMINOUS, om'in-us, _adj._ pertaining to, or containing, an omen: foreboding
evil: inauspicious.--_adv._ OM'INOUSLY.--_n._ OM'INOUSNESS.
OMIT, [=o]-mit', _v.t._ to leave out: to neglect: to fail: to make no use
of:--_pr.p._ omit'ting; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ omit'ted.--_adj._ OMISS'IBLE,
that may be omitted.--_n._ OMISS'ION, act of omitting: the neglect or
failure to do something required: that which is left out.--_adj._
OMISS'IVE, omitting or leaving out.--_n._ OMIT'TANCE, the act of omitting:
the state of being omitted: forbearance. [L. _omitt[)e]re_,
_omissum_--_ob_, away, _mitt[)e]re_, to send.]
OMLAH, om'la, _n._ a staff of native clerks or officials in India. [Ar.]
OMNI-, om'ni, from L. _omnis_, all, a combining form, as in _adjs._
OMNIF[=A]'RIOUS, of all varieties or kinds; OMNIF'EROUS, bearing or
producing all kinds; OMNIF'IC, all-creating; OM'NIFORM, of, or capable of,
every form.--_n._ OMNIFORM'ITY.--_v.t._ OM'NIFY (_rare_), to make
universal.--_adj._ OMNIG'ENOUS, consisting of all kinds.--_n._ OMNIPAR'ITY,
general equality.--_adjs._ OMNIP'AROUS, producing all things;
OMNIP[=A]'TIENT, enduring all things.--_ns._ OMNIP'OTENCE, OMNIP'OTENCY,
unlimited power--an attribute of God.--_adj._ OMNIP'OTENT, all-powerful,
possessing unlimited power.--_adv._ OMNIP'OTENTLY.--_n._ OMNIPRES'ENCE,
quality of being present everywhere at the same time--an attribute of
God.--_adj._ OMNIPRES'ENT, present everywhere at the same time.--_n._
OMNISC'IENCE, knowledge of all things--an attribute of God.--_adj._
OMNISC'IENT, all-knowing: all-seeing: infinitely wise.--_adv._
OMNISC'IENTLY.--_adj._ OMNIV'OROUS, all-devouring: (_zool._) feeding on
both animal and vegetable food.--THE OMNIPOTENT, God.
OMNIBUS, om'ni-bus, _adj._ including all: covering many different cases or
objects, as 'an _omnibus_ clause.'--_n._ a large four-wheeled vehicle for
passengers, chiefly between two fixed points:--_pl._ OM'NIBUSES. [Lit. 'for
all,' L. dative pl. of _omnis_, all.]
OMNIUM, om'ni-um, _n._ a Stock Exchange term for the aggregate value of the
different stocks in which a loan is funded.--_n._ OM'NIUM-GATH'ERUM
(_coll._), a miscellaneous collection of things or persons. [L., 'of all;'
gen. pl. of _omnis_, all.]
OMOHYOID, [=o]-m[=o]-h[=i]'oid, _adj._ pertaining to the shoulder-blade,
and to the lingual or hyoid bone--also OMOHYOI'DEAN.--_n._ OMOI'DEUM, the
pterygoid bone. [Gr. _[=o]mos_, the shoulder.]
OMOPHAGOUS, [=o]-mof'a-gus, _adj._ eating raw flesh--also OMOPHAG'IC.--_n._
OMOPH[=A]'GIA. [Gr. _[=o]mos_, raw, _phagein_, to eat.]
OMOPHORION, [=o]-m[=o]-f[=o]'ri-on, _n._ an eastern ecclesiastical vestment
like the western pallium, worn over the phenolion by bishops and patriarchs
at the eucharist, &c. [Gr. _[=o]mos_, the shoulder, _pherein_, to carry.]
OMOPLATE, [=o]'m[=o]-pl[=a]t, _n._ the shoulder-blade or scapula.--_n._
OMOPLATOS'COPY, scapulimancy. [Gr. _[=o]moplat[=e]_.]
OMOSTERNUM, [=o]-m[=o]-ster'num, _n._ a median ossification of the
coraco-scapular cartilages of a batrachian. [Gr. _[=o]mos_, the shoulder,
_sternon_, the chest.]
OMPHACITE, om'fa-s[=i]t, _n._ a grass-green granular variety of pyroxene,
one of the constituents of eclogite.--_adj._ OM'PHACINE, pertaining to
unripe fruit.
OMPHALOS, om'fal-us, _n._ the navel: a raised central point: a
boss.--_adj._ OMPHAL'IC.--_ns._ OM'PHALISM, tendency to place the capital
of a country at its geographical centre, or to increase the powers of
central at the expense of local government; OMPHAL[=I]'TIS, inflammation of
the umbilicus; OM'PHALOCELE, umbilical hernia.--_adj._ OM'PHALOID.--_ns._
OM'PHALOMANCY, divination from the number of knots in the navel-string as
to how many children the mother will bear; OMPHALOP'AGUS, a double monster
united at the umbilicus; OMPHALOT'OMY, cutting of the umbilical cord at
birth. [Gr., the navel.]
ON, on, _prep._, in contact with the upper part of: to and toward the
surface of: upon or acting by contact with: not off: at or near: at or
during: in addition to: toward, for: at the peril of: in consequence:
immediately after: (_B._) off.--_adv._ above, or next beyond: forward, in
succession: in continuance: not off.--_interj._ go on! proceed!--_adj._
denoting the part of the field to the left of a right-handed batter, and to
the right of the bowler--opp. to _Off._ [A.S. _on_; Dut. _aan_, Ice. _á_,
Ger. _an_.]
ON, on, _prep._ (_Scot._) without.
ONAGER, on'[=a]-j[.e]r, _n._ the wild ass of Central Asia. [L.,--Gr.
_onagros_--_onos_, an ass, _agros_, wild.]
ONANISM, [=o]'nan-izm, _n._ self-pollution.--_n._ O'NANIST.--_adj._
ONANIST'IC. [See Gen. xxxviii. 9.]
ONCE, ons, _n._ Same as OUNCE, the animal.
ONCE, wuns, _adv._ a single time: at a former time: at any time or
circumstances.--_n._ one time.--ONCE AND AGAIN, more than once: repeatedly;
ONCE FOR ALL, once only and not again; ONCE IN A WAY, on one occasion only:
very rarely.--AT ONCE, without delay: alike: at the same time; FOR ONCE, on
one occasion only. [A.S. _ánes_, orig. gen. of _án_, one, used as adv.]
ONCIDIUM, on-sid'i-um, _n._ a widely-spread American genus of orchids. [Gr.
_ogkos_, a hook.]
ONCOLOGY, ong-kol'o-ji, _n._ the science of tumours.--_n._ ONCOT'OMY,
incision into, or excision of, a tumour.
ONCOME, on'kum, _n._ (_prov._) a sudden fall of rain or snow: the beginning
of attack by some insidious disease.--_n._ ON'COMING, approach.
ONCOMETER, ong-com'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for recording variations in
volume, as of the kidney, &c.--_n._ ON'COGRAPH, an apparatus for recording
such. [Gr. _ogkos_, bulk, _metron_, measure.]
ONCOST, on'kost, _n._ all charges for labour in getting mineral, other than
the miners' wages: payment to the collier in addition to the rate per
ton.--_n.pl._ ON'COSTMEN, men who work in or about a mine at other work
than cutting coal. [_On_ and _cost_.]
ONDINE, on'din, _n._ a water-spirit, an undine.
ONDING, on'ding, _n._ a sudden fall of rain or snow.
ONE, wun, _pron._ a person (indefinitely), as in 'one says:' any one: some
one.--_n._ a single person or thing: a unit. [A special use of the numeral
_one_; not conn. with Fr. _on_--L. _homo_, a man.]
ONE, wun, _adj._ single in number, position, or kind: undivided: the same:
a certain, some, implying a name unknown or denoting insignificance or
contempt, as '_one_ Guy Fawkes, a Spaniard!'--_adjs._ ONE'-EYED, having but
one eye: limited in vision; ONE'-HAND'ED, single-handed; ONE'-HORSE, drawn
by a single horse: petty, mean, inferior; ONE'-IDEA'D, entirely possessed
by one idea.--_ns._ ONE'NESS, singleness, unity; ONER (wun'[.e]r), one
possessing some special skill, an adept (_slang_).--_pron._ ONESELF', one's
self: himself or herself.--_adj._ ONE'-SID'ED, limited to one side:
partial: (_bot._) turned to one side.--_adv._ ONE'-SID'EDLY.--_n._
ONE'-SID'EDNESS.--ONE ANOTHER, each other; ONE BY ONE, singly: in order;
ONE DAY, on a certain day: at an indefinite time.--ALL ONE, just the same:
of no consequence; AT ONE, of one mind. [A.S. _an_; Ice. _einn_, Ger.
_ein_.]
ONEIROMANCY, [=o]-n[=i]'r[=o]-man-si, _n._ the art of divining by
dreams.--_ns._ ONEIROCRIT'IC, ONIROCRIT'IC, one who interprets
dreams.--_adjs._ ONEIROCRIT'IC, -AL.--_ns._ ONEIRODYN'IA, nightmare;
ONEIROL'OGY, the doctrine of dreams; ONEI'ROSCOPIST, an interpreter of
dreams. [Gr. _oneiros_, a dream, _manteia_, divination.]
ONELY, [=o]n'li, _adv._ (_Spens._) only.
ONEROUS, on'[.e]r-us, _adj._ burdensome: oppressive.--_adj._ ON'ERARY,
fitted or intended for carrying burdens: comprising burdens.--_adv._
ON'EROUSLY.--_n._ ON'EROUSNESS. [L. _onerosus_--_onus_.]
ONEYER, wun'y[.e]r, _n._ (1 _Hen. IV._, II. i. 84) probably a person that
converses with great ones--hardly, as Malone explains, an accountant of the
exchequer, a banker. [No doubt formed from _one_, like law_yer_, saw_yer_,
&c. Malone over-ingeniously refers to the mark _o.ni._, an abbreviation of
the Latin form _oneretur, nisi habeat sufficientem exonerationem_ ('let him
be charged unless he have a sufficient discharge'), or explains as a
misprint for _moneyer_.]
ONGOING, on'g[=o]-ing, _n._ a going on: course of conduct: event: (_pl._)
proceedings, behaviour.
ONICOLO, [=o]-nik'[=o]-l[=o], _n._ a variety of onyx for cameos, a
bluish-white band on the dark ground. [It.]
ONION, un'yun, _n._ the name given to a few species of genus _Allium_, esp.
_Allium cepa_, an edible biennial bulbous root.--_adj._ ON'ION-EYED
(_Shak._), having the eyes full of tears.--_n._ ON'ION-SKIN, a very thin
variety of paper.--_adj._ ON'IONY. [Fr. _oignon_--L. _unio_,
_-onis_--_unus_, one.]
ONLOOKER, on'l[=oo]k-[.e]r, _n._ a looker on, observer.--_adj._ ON'LOOKING.
ONLY, [=o]n'li, _adj._ single in number or kind: this above all others:
alone.--_adv._ in one manner: for one purpose: singly: merely: barely:
entirely.--_conj._ but: except that.--_n._ ON'LINESS. [A.S. _ánlíc_
(adj.)--_án_, one, _líc_, like.]
ONOCENTAUR, on-o-sen'tawr, _n._ a kind of centaur, half-man, half-ass.
ONOCLEA, on-[=o]-kl[=e]'a, _n._ a genus of aspidioid ferns, with contracted
fertile fronds. [Gr. _onos_, a vessel, _kleiein_, to close.]
ONOLOGY, [=o]-nol'[=o]-ji, _n._ foolish talk.
ONOMANTIC, on-[=o]-man'tik, _adj._ pertaining to ON'OMANCY or (_obs._)
ONOMAT'OMANCY, divination by names. [Gr. _onoma_, a name, _manteia_,
divination.]
ONOMASTIC, on-[=o]-mas'tik, _adj._ pertaining to a name, esp. pertaining to
the signature to a paper written in another hand.--_n._ ONOMAS'TICON, a
list of words: a vocabulary. [Gr., from _onoma_, a name.]
ONOMATOLOGY, on-[=o]-ma-tol'o-ji, _n._ the science of, or a treatise on,
the derivation of names.--_n._ ONOMATOL'OGIST, one versed in such. [Gr.
_onoma_, _onomatos_, name, _logia_--_legein_, to discourse.]
ONOMATOPOEIA, on-[=o]-mat-o-p[=e]'ya, _n._ the formation of a word so as to
resemble the sound of the thing of which it is the name: such a word
itself, also the use of such a word, as 'click,' 'cuckoo'--also
ONOMATOPO[=E]'SIS, or ONOMATOPOI[=E]'SIS.--_adjs._ ONOMATOPOE'IC,
ONOMATOPOET'IC. [Gr. _onoma_, _-atos_, a name, _poiein_, to make.]
ONSET, on'set, _n._ violent attack: assault: storming. [_On_ and _set_.]
ONSHORE, on'sh[=o]r, _adj._ toward the land.
ONSLAUGHT, on'slawt, _n._ an attack or onset: assault. [A.S. _on_, on,
_sleaht_, a stroke.]
ONST, wunst, _adv._ a vulgar form of _once_.
ONSTEAD, on'sted, _n._ (_Scot._) a farmstead, the farm buildings. [M. E.
_wone_--A.S. _wunian_, to dwell, _stead_, place.]
ONTOGENESIS, on-t[=o]-jen'e-sis, _n._ the history of the individual
development of an organised being as distinguished from _phylogenesis_ and
_biogenesis_--also ONTOG'ENY.--_adjs._ ONTOGENET'IC, -AL,
ONTOGEN'IC.--_adv._ ONTOGENET'ICALLY. [Gr. _onta_, things being, neut. pl.
of _[=o]n_, pr.p. of _einai_, to be, _genesis_, generation.]
ONTOLOGY, on-tol'o-ji, _n._ the science that treats of the principles of
pure being: that part of metaphysics which treats of the nature and essence
of things.--_adjs._ ONTOLOG'IC, -AL.--_adv._ ONTOLOG'ICALLY.--_n._
ONTOL'OGIST, one versed in ontology. [Gr. _[=o]n_, _ontos_, being pr.p. of
_einai_, to be, _logia_--_legein_, to discourse.]
ONUS, [=o]'nus, _n._ burden: responsibility.--ONUS PROBAND[=I], the burden
of proving. [L. _onus_, burden.]
ONWARD, on'ward, _adj._ going on: advancing: advanced.--_adv._ (also
ON'WARDS) toward a point on or in front: forward.
ONYM, on'im, _n._ (_zool._) the technical name of a species or other
group.--_adjs._ ON'YMAL, ONYMAT'IC.--_v.i._ ON'YMISE.--_n._ ON'YMY, the use
of onyms.
ONYX, on'iks, _n._ (_min._) an agate formed of layers of chalcedony of
different colours, used for making cameos.--_ns._ ONYCH'IA, suppurative
inflammation near the finger-nail; ONYCH[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the soft
parts about the nail; ONYCH'IUM, a little claw; ON'YCHOMANCY, divination by
means of the finger-nails; ONYCHON[=O]'SOS, disease of the nails.--_adj._
ONYCHOPATH'IC, affected with such.--_n._ ONYCH[=O]'SIS, disease of the
nails. [L.,--Gr. _onyx_, _onychos_, a finger-nail.]
OODLES, [=oo]'dlz, _n._ (_U.S._) abundance.--Also OOD'LINS.
OOF, [=oo]f, _n._ (_slang_) money.
OÖGENESIS, [=o]-[=o]-jen'e-sis, _n._ the genesis and development of the
ovum--also OÖG'ENY.--_adj._ OÖGENET'IC.
OÖIDAL, [=o]-oi'dal, _adj._ egg-shaped.
OÖLITE, [=o]'o-l[=i]t, _n._ (_geol._) a kind of limestone, composed of
grains like the eggs or roe of a fish.--_adjs._ OÖLIT'IC; OÖLITIF'EROUS.
[Gr. _[=o]on_, an egg, _lithos_, stone.]
OÖLOGY, [=o]-ol'o-ji, _n._ the science or study of birds' eggs.--_n._
O'ÖGRAPH, a mechanical device for drawing the outline of a bird's
egg.--_adjs._ OÖLOG'IC, -AL.--_adv._ OÖLOG'ICALLY.--_ns._ OÖL'OGIST, one
versed in oology; OÖM'ETER, an apparatus for measuring eggs.--_adj._
OÖMET'RIC.--_n._ OÖM'ETRY, the measurement of eggs. [Gr. _[=o]on_, an egg.]
OOLONG, [=oo]'long, _n._ a variety of black tea, with the flavour of
green.--Also OU'LONG.
OORIE, OURIE, [=oo]'ri, _adj._ (_Scot._) feeling cold or chill, shivering.
OOZE, [=oo]z, _n._ soft mud: gentle flow, as of water through sand or
earth: a kind of mud in the bottom of the ocean: the liquor of a tan
vat.--_v.i._ to flow gently: to percolate, as a liquid through pores or
small openings.--_adj._ OOZ'Y, resembling ooze: slimy. [M. E. _wose_--A.S.
_wase_, mud; akin to A.S. _wos_, juice, Ice. _vas_, moisture.]
OPACITY, [=o]-pas'i-ti, _n._ opaqueness: obscurity.
OPACOUS, [=o]-p[=a]'kus, _adj._ Same as OPAQUE.
OPAH, [=o]'pa, _n._ a sea-fish of the Dory family--also called _Kingfish_.
OPAL, [=o]'pal, _n._ a precious stone of a milky hue, remarkable for its
changing colours.--_n._ OPALESC'ENCE.--_adjs._ OPALESC'ENT, reflecting a
milky or pearly light from the interior; O'PALINE, relating to, or like,
opal.--_v.t._ O'PALISE. [Fr. _opale_--L. _opalus_.]
OPAQUE, [=o]-p[=a]k', _adj._ shady: dark: that cannot be seen through: not
transparent.--_adv._ OPAQUE'LY.--_n._ OPAQUE'NESS, quality of being opaque:
want of transparency. [Fr.,--L. _opacus_.]
OPE, [=o]p, _v.t._ and _v.i._ (_poet._) short for _open_.
OPEIDOCOPE, [=o]-p[=i]'d[=o]-sk[=o]p, _n._ an instrument for illustrating
sound by means of light.
OPEN, [=o]'pn, _adj._ not shut: allowing one to pass out or in: free from
trees: not fenced: not drawn together: spread out: not frozen up: not
frosty: free to be used, &c.: public: without reserve: frank: easily
understood: generous: liberal: clear: unbalanced, as an account: attentive:
free to be discussed.--_v.t._ to make open: to remove hinderances: to bring
to view: to explain: to begin.--_v.i._ to become open: to unclose: to be
unclosed: to begin to appear: to begin.--_n._ a clear space.--_n._
O'PENER.--_adjs._ O'PEN-EYED (_Shak._), watchful; O'PEN-HAND'ED, with an
open hand: generous: liberal.--_n._ O'PEN-HAND'EDNESS.--_adj._
O'PEN-HEART'ED, with an open heart: frank: generous.--_ns._
O'PEN-HEART'EDNESS, liberality: generosity: frankness: candour; O'PENING,
an open place: a breach: an aperture: beginning: first appearance:
opportunity.--_adv._ O'PENLY.--_adj._ O'PEN-MIND'ED, free from prejudice:
ready to receive and consider new ideas.--_n._ O'PEN-MIND'EDNESS.--_adj._
O'PEN-MOUTHED, gaping: greedy: clamorous.--_ns._ O'PENNESS; O'PEN-SES'AME,
a form of words which makes barriers fly open--from the story of Ali Baba
and the Forty Thieves in the _Arabian Nights' Entertainments_; O'PEN-STEEK
(_Scot._), a kind of open-work stitching; O'PEN-WORK, any work showing
openings through it for ornament.--_adj._ open-cast, of mining work in open
air.--OPEN VERDICT (see VERDICT). [A.S. _open_--_up_, up; cf. Dut.
_open_--_op_, Ice. _opinn_--_upp_, and Ger. _offen_--_auf_.]
OPERA, op'[.e]r-a, _n._ a musical drama: a place where operas are
performed.--_adj._ used in or for an opera, as an _opera_-glass, &c.--_ns._
OP'ERA-CLOAK, a cloak of elegant form and material for carrying into the
auditorium of a theatre or opera-house as a protection against draughts;
OP'ERA-DANC'ER, one who dances in ballets introduced into operas;
OP'ERA-GLASS, a small glass or telescope for use at operas, theatres, &c.;
OP'ERA-HAT, a hat which can be made flat by compression and expanded again
to its full size; OP'ERA-HOUSE, a theatre where operas are represented;
OP'ERA-SING'ER.--_adjs._ OPERAT'IC, -AL, pertaining to or resembling the
opera. [It.,--L. _opera_. Cf. _Operate_.]
OPERA-BOUFFE, op'[.e]r-a-b[=oo]f, _n._ a comic opera. [Fr.,--It.
_opera-buffa_. Cf. _Buffoon_.]
OPERATE, op'[.e]r-[=a]t, _v.i._ to work: to exert strength: to produce any
effect: to exert moral power: (_med._) to take effect upon the human
system: (_surg._) to perform some unusual act upon the body with the hand
or an instrument.--_v.t._ to effect: to produce by agency.--_n._
OPERAM'ETER, an instrument for indicating the number of movements made by a
part of a machine.--_adj._ OP'ERANT, operative.--_n._ an operator.--_n._
OPER[=A]'TION, art or process of operating, or of being at work: that which
is done or carried out: agency: influence: method of working: action or
movements: surgical performance.--_adj._ OP'ER[=A]TIVE, having the power of
operating or acting: exerting force: producing effects: efficacious.--_n._
a workman in a manufactory: a labourer.--_adv._ OP'ER[=A]TIVELY.--_ns._
OP'ER[=A]TIVENESS; OP'ER[=A]TOR, one who, or that which, operates or
produces an effect: (_math._) a letter, &c., signifying an operation to be
performed. [L. _oper[=a]ri_, _-[=a]tus_--_opera_, work, closely conn. with
_opus_, _operis_, work.]
OPERCULUM, [=o]-p[.e]r'k[=u]-lum, _n._ (_bot._) a cover or lid: (_zool._)
the plate over the entrance of a shell: the apparatus which protects the
gills of fishes:--_pl._ OPER'CULA.--_adjs._ OPER'CULAR, belonging to the
operculum; OPER'CULATE, -D, having an operculum; OPERCULIF'EROUS;
OPER'CULIFORM; OPERCULIG'ENOUS; OPERCULIG'EROUS. [L.,--_oper[=i]re_, to
cover.]
OPERETTA, op-[.e]r-et'a, _n._ a short, light musical drama. [It., dim. of
_opera_.]
OPEROSE, op'[.e]r-[=o]z, _adj._ laborious: tedious.--_adv._
OP'EROSELY.--_ns._ OP'EROSENESS, OPEROS'ITY.
OPHICLEIDE, of'i-kl[=i]d, _n._ a large bass trumpet, with a deep pitch.
[Fr.; coined from Gr. _ophis_, a serpent, _kleis_, _kleidos_, a key.]
OPHIDIAN, o-fid'i-an, _n._ one of the true serpents, in which the ribs are
the only organs of locomotion.--_adjs._ OPHID'IAN, OPHID'IOUS, pertaining
to serpents: having the nature of a serpent.--_ns._ OPHIDI[=A]'RIUM, a
place where serpents are confined; OPHIOG'RAPHY, the description of
serpents; OPHIOL'ATER, a serpent-worshipper.--_adj._ OPHIOL'ATROUS.--_n._
OPHIOL'ATRY, serpent-worship.--_adjs._ OPHIOLOG'IC, -AL.--_ns._
OPHIOL'OGIST, one versed in ophiology; OPHIOL'OGY, the study of serpents;
OPH'IOMANCY, divination by serpents.--_adjs._ OPHIOMOR'PHIC,
OPHIOMOR'PHOUS, having the form of a serpent; OPHIOPH'AGOUS, feeding on
serpents.--_n._ OPH'ITE, one of a Gnostic sect who worshipped the serpent.
[Gr. _ophidion_, dim. of _ophis_, _ophe[=o]s_, a serpent.]
OPHIURA, of-i-[=u]'ra, _n._ a genus of sand-stars.--_ns._ and _adjs._
OPHI[=U]'RAN; OPHI[=U]'ROID. [Gr. _ophis_, serpent, _oura_, tail.]
OPHTHALMIA, of-thal'mi-a, _n._ inflammation of the eye--also
OPHTHAL'MY.--_adj._ OPHTHAL'MIC, pertaining to the eye.--_ns._
OPHTHAL'MIST, OPHTHALMOL'OGIST, one skilled in ophthalmology;
OPHTHALM[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the eyeball; OPHTHALMODYN'IA, pain, esp.
rheumatic pain, of the eye; OPHTHALMOG'RAPHY, a description of the
eye.--_adjs._ OPHTHALMOLOG'IC, -AL.--_ns._ OPHTHALMOL'OGY, the science of
the eye, its structure and functions; OPHTHALMOM'ETER, an instrument for
eye-measurements; OPHTHALMOM'ETRY, the making of such; OPHTHALMOPL[=E]'GIA,
paralysis of one or more of the muscles of the eye; OPHTHAL'MOSCOPE, an
instrument for examining the interior of the eye.--_adjs._
OPHTHALMOSCOP'IC, -AL.--_adv._ OPHTHALMOSCOP'ICALLY.--_ns._
OPHTHAL'MOSCOPY, examination of the interior of the eye with the
ophthalmoscope; OPHTHALMOT'OMY, dissection of the eye: an incision into the
eye. [Gr.,--_ophthalmos_, eye.]
OPIATE, [=o]'pi-[=a]t, _n._ a drug containing opium to induce sleep: that
which dulls sensation, physical or mental.--_adj._ inducing sleep.--_adj._
O'PIATED.
OPINE, o-p[=i]n', _v.i._ to suppose.--_adj._ OPIN'ABLE, capable of being
thought.--_ns._ OP[=I]'NANT, one who forms an opinion; OPIN'ICUS (_her._),
a half-lion, half-dragon. [Fr.,--L. _opin[=a]ri_, to think.]
OPINION, [=o]-pin'yun, _n._ one's belief, judgment: favourable estimation:
(_Shak._) opinionativeness.--_adjs._ OPIN'IONABLE, that may be matter of
opinion; OPIN'ION[=A]TED, OPIN'IONED, firmly adhering to one's own
opinions.--_adv._ OPIN'ION[=A]TELY (_obs._).--_adj._ OPIN'ION[=A]TIVE,
unduly attached to one's own opinions: stubborn.--_adv._
OPIN'ION[=A]TIVELY.--_ns._ OPIN'ION[=A]TIVENESS; OPIN'IONIST. [L.]
OPISOMETER, op-i-som'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring curved
lines on a map. [Gr. _opis[=o]_, backward, _metron_, measure.]
OPISTHOBRANCHIATE, [=o]-pis-th[=o]-brang'ki-[=a]t, _adj._ having the gills
behind the heart--_n._ OPISTHOBRANCH'ISM.
OPISTHOCOELIAN, [=o]-pis-th[=o]-s[=e]'li-an, _adj._ hollow or concave
behind, as a vertebra.--Also OPISTHOCOE'LOUS.
OPISTHOCOMOUS, op-is-thok'[=o]-mus, _adj._ having an occipital crest.
OPISTHODOMOS, op-is-thod'[=o]-mos, _n._ a rear-chamber or treasury at the
back of the cella in some temples. [Gr.]
OPISTHODONT, [=o]-pis'th[=o]-dont, _adj._ having back teeth only.
OPISTHOGASTRIC, [=o]-pis-th[=o]-gas'trik, _adj._ behind the stomach.
OPISTHOGNATHOUS, op-is-thog'n[=a]-thus, _adj._ having retreating jaws or
teeth.
OPISTHOGRAPH, [=o]-pis'th[=o]-graf, _n._ a manuscript or a slab inscribed
on the back as well as the front.--_adj._ OPISTHOGRAPH'IC, written on both
sides.--_n._ OPISTHOG'RAPHY.
OPIUM, [=o]'pi-um, _n._ the narcotic juice of the white poppy.--_n._
O'PIUM-EAT'ER, one who makes a habitual use of opium. [L.,--Gr. _opion_,
dim. from _opos_, sap.]
OPOBALSAM, op-[=o]-bal'sam, _n._ a resinous juice, balm of Gilead.
OPODELDOC, op-[=o]-del'dok, _n._ a solution of soap in alcohol, with
camphor and essential oils, soap-liniment. [Fr., perh. from Gr. _opos_,
juice.]
OPOPANAX, [=o]-pop'a-naks, _n._ a gum-resin used in perfumery and formerly
in medicine. [Gr., opos, juice, _panax_, a plant, _panak[=e]s_,
all-healing.]
OPORICE, [=o]-por'i-s[=e], _n._ a medicine prepared from quinces,
pomegranates, &c.
OPOSSUM, o-pos'um, _n._ a small American marsupial mammal, nocturnal,
mainly arboreal, with prehensile tail: an Australian marsupial. [West
Indian.]
OPPIDAN, op'i-dan, _n._ at Eton, a student who is not a foundationer or
colleger. [L. _oppidanus_--_oppidum_, town.]
OPPILATION, op-i-l[=a]'shun, _n._ stoppage.--_v.t._ OPP'ILATE, to crowd
together.--_adj._ OPP'IL[=A]TIVE, obstructive. [L.]
OPPONENT, [=o]-p[=o]'nent, _adj._ opposing in action, speech, &c.: placed
in front.--_n._ one who opposes.
OPPORTUNE, op-or-t[=u]n', _adj._ present at a proper time: timely:
convenient.--_adv._ OPPORTUNE'LY.--_ns._ OPPORTUNE'NESS; OPPORTUN'ISM,
practice of regulating principles by favourable opportunities without
regard to consistency; OPPORTUN'IST, a politician who waits for events
before declaring his opinions: a person without settled principles;
OPPORTUN'ITY, an opportune or convenient time: a good occasion or chance.
[Fr.,--L. _opportunus_--_ob_, before, _portus_, a harbour.]
OPPOSE, o-p[=o]z', _v.t._ to place before or in the way of: to set against:
to place as an obstacle: to resist: to check: to compete with.--_v.i._ to
make objection.--_n._ OPPOSABIL'ITY.--_adjs._ OPPOS'ABLE, that may be
opposed; OPPOSE'LESS (_Shak._), not to be opposed, irresistible.--_n._
OPPOS'ER, one who opposes.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ OPPOS'IT, to negative.
[Fr.,--L. _ob_, Fr. _poser_, to place.]
OPPOSITE, op'[=o]-zit, _adj._ placed over against: standing in front:
situated on opposite sides: contrasted with: opposed to: of an entirely
different nature.--_n._ that which is opposed or contrary: an
opponent.--_adv._ OPP'OSITELY.--_n._ OPP'OSITENESS.--BE OPPOSITE WITH
(_Shak._), to be perverse and contradictory in dealing with. [Fr.,--L.
_oppositus_--_ob_, against, _pon[)e]re_, _positum_, to place.]
OPPOSITION, op-[=o]-zish'un, _n._ state of being placed over against:
position over against: repugnance: contrariety: contrast: act or action of
opposing: resistance: that which opposes: obstacle: (_logic_) a difference
of quantity or quality between two propositions having the same subject and
predicate: the party that opposes the ministry or existing administration:
(_astron._) the situation of heavenly bodies when 180 degrees apart.--_n._
OPPOSI'TIONIST, one who belongs to an opposing party, esp. that opposed to
the government. [_Opposite._]
OPPRESS, o-pres', _v.t._ to press against or upon: to use severely: to
burden: to lie heavy upon: to constrain: to overpower: to treat unjustly:
to load with heavy burdens.--_n._ OPPRESS'ION, act of oppressing or
treating unjustly or harshly: severity: cruelty: state of being oppressed:
misery: hardship: injustice: dullness of spirits: (_Shak._)
pressure.--_adj._ OPPRESS'IVE, tending to oppress: overburdensome: treating
with severity or injustice: heavy: overpowering: difficult to bear.--_adv._
OPPRESS'IVELY.--_ns._ OPPRESS'IVENESS; OPPRESS'OR, one who oppresses.
[Fr.,--L. _opprim[)e]re_, _oppressum_--_ob_, against, _prem[)e]re_, to
press.]
OPPROBRIOUS, o-pr[=o]'bri-us, _adj._ expressive of opprobrium or disgrace:
reproachful: infamous: despised.--_adv._ OPPR[=O]'BRIOUSLY.--_ns._
OPPR[=O]'BRIOUSNESS; OPPR[=O]'BRIUM, reproach expressing contempt or
disdain: disgrace: infamy. [L.,--_ob_, against, _probrum_, reproach.]
OPPUGN, o-p[=u]n', _v.t._ to fight against, esp. by argument: to oppose: to
resist.--_n._ OPPUGN'ER. [Fr.,--L. _oppugn[=a]re_, to fight against--_ob_,
against, _pugna_, a fight.]
OPPUGNANCY, o-pug'nan-si, _n._ (_Shak._) opposition, resistance.--_adj._
OPPUG'NANT, opposing: hostile.--_n._ an opponent. [L. _oppugnans_,
_-antis_, _pr.p._ of _oppugn[=a]re_.]
OPSIMATHY, op-sim'a-thi, _n._ learning obtained late in life.
[Gr.,--_opse_, late, _mathein_, to learn.]
OPSIOMETER, op-si-om'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an optometer.
OPSONIUM, op-s[=o]'ni-um, _n._ anything eaten with bread as a relish, esp.
fish.--_ns._ OPSOM[=A]'NIA, any morbid love for some special kind of food;
OPSOM[=A]'NIAC, one who manifests the foregoing. [Gr.
_ops[=o]nion_--_opson_, strictly boiled meat, any relish.]
OPTATIVE, op'ta-tiv, or op-t[=a]'tiv, _adj._ expressing desire or
wish.--_n._ (_gram._) a mood of the verb expressing wish.--_adv._
OP'TATIVELY. [L. _optativus_--_opt[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to wish.]
OPTIC, -AL, op'tik, -al, _adj._ relating to sight, or to optics.--_n._
OP'TIC (_Pope_), an organ of sight: an eye.--_adv._ OP'TICALLY.--_ns._
OPTIC'IAN, one skilled in optics: one who makes or sells optical
instruments; OP'TICS (_sing._), the science of the nature and laws of
vision and light; OPTIM'ETER, OPTOM'ETER, an instrument for measuring the
refractive powers of the eye; OPTOM'ETRY, the measurement of the visual
powers.--OPTIC AXIS, the axis of the eye--that is, a line going through the
middle of the pupil and the centre of the eye. [Fr. _optique_--Gr.
_optikos_.]
OPTIME, op'ti-m[=e], _n._ in the university of Cambridge, one of those in
the second or third rank of honours (_senior_ and _junior optimes_
respectively), next to the wranglers.--_n.pl._ OPTIM[=A]'TES, the Roman
aristocracy. [L. _optimus_, best.]
OPTIMISM, op'ti-mizm, _n._ the doctrine that everything is ordered for the
best: a disposition to take a hopeful view of things--opp. to
_Pessimism_.--_v.i._ OP'TIMISE, to take the most hopeful view of
anything.--_n._ OP'TIMIST, one who holds that everything is ordered for the
best.--_adj._ OPTIMIST'IC.--_adv._ OPTIMIST'ICALLY.--_n._ OP'TIMUM
(_bot._), that point of temperature at which metabolic--i.e. vegetative and
fructificative processes are best carried on. [L. _optimus_, best.]
OPTION, op'shun, _n._ act of choosing: power of choosing or wishing:
wish.--_adj._ OP'TIONAL, left to one's option or choice.--_adv._
OP'TIONALLY.--_n._ OP'TIONS, a mode of speculating, chiefly in stocks and
shares, which is intended to limit the speculator's risk. It consists in
paying a sum down for the right to _put_ (make delivery) or _call_ (call
for delivery) a given amount of stock at a fixed future date, the price
also being fixed at the time the contract is entered into.--LOCAL OPTION
(see LOCAL). [L. _optio_, _optionis_--_opt[=a]re_, to choose.]
OPTOMETER, OPTOMETRY. See OPTIC.
OPULENT, op'[=u]-lent, _adj._ wealthy.--_n._ OP'ULENCE, means: riches:
wealth.--_adv._ OP'ULENTLY. [Fr.,--L. _op-ulentus_.]
OPUNTIA, [=o]-pun'shi-a, _n._ a genus of cacti.
OPUS, [=o]'pus, _n._ work, a work.--OPUS MAGNUM, the great work of one's
life; OPUS OPERANTIS (_theol._), the effect of a sacrament ascribed
chiefly, if not exclusively, to the spiritual disposition of the recipient,
the grace flowing _ex opere operantis_--the Protestant view; OPUS OPERATUM,
the due celebration of a sacrament necessarily involving the grace of the
sacrament, which flows _ex opere operato_ from the sacramental act
performed independent of the merit of him who administers it--the R.C.
view.
OPUSCULE, [=o]-pus'k[=u]l, _n._ a little work.--Also OPUS'CLE, OPUS'CULUM.
[L. _opusculum_, dim. of _opus_, work.]
OR, or, _adv._ ere, before. [_Ere._]
OR, or, _conj._ marking an alternative, and sometimes opposition [short for
_other_, modern Eng. _either_].--_prep._ (_B._) before. [In this sense a
corr. of _ere_.]
OR, or, _n._ (_her._) gold. [Fr.,--L. _aurum_, gold.]
ORACH, ORACHE, or'ach, _n._ one of several European plants used as spinach.
[Fr. _arroche_.]
ORACLE, or'a-kl, _n._ the answer spoken or uttered by the gods: the place
where responses were given, and the deities supposed to give them: a person
famed for wisdom: a wise decision: (_B._) the sanctuary: (_pl._) the
revelations made to the prophets: the word of God.--_adj._ ORAC'ULAR,
delivering oracles: resembling oracles: grave: venerable: not to be
disputed: ambiguous: obscure--also ORAC'ULOUS.--_ns._ ORACULAR'ITY,
ORAC'ULARNESS.--_adv._ ORAC'ULARLY. [Fr.,--L. _ora-culum_, double dim. from
_or[=a]re_, to speak--_os_, _oris_, the mouth.]
ORAGIOUS, [=o]-r[=a]'jus, _adj._ stormy. [Fr.]
ORAISON, or'i-zun, _n._ (_Shak._). Same as ORISON.
ORAL, [=o]'ral, _adj._ uttered by the mouth: spoken, not written.--_adv._
O'RALLY. [L. _os_, _oris_, the mouth.]
ORALE, or-[=a]'le, _n._ a white silk veil, with coloured stripes, sometimes
worn by the Pope.
ORANG, [=o]-rang', _n._ See ORANG-OUTANG.
ORANGE, or'anj, _n._ a delightful gold-coloured fruit with a thick, rough
skin, within which are usually from eight to ten juicy divisions: the tree
on which it grows: a colour composed of red and yellow.--_adj._ pertaining
to an orange: orange-coloured.--_ns._ ORANGE[=A]DE', a drink made with
orange juice; OR'ANGE-BLOSS'OM, the white blossom of the orange-tree, worn
by brides.--_adj._ OR'ANGE-COL'OURED, having the colour of an
orange.--_ns._ OR'ANGE-LIL'Y, a garden-plant with large orange flowers;
OR'ANGE-PEEL, the rind of an orange separated from the pulp; OR'ANGERY, a
plantation of orange-trees: an orange-garden.--_adj._ OR'ANGE-TAW'NY
(_Shak._), of a colour between orange and brown.--_n._ the colour
itself.--_n._ OR'ANGE-WIFE (_Shak._), a woman who sells oranges. [Fr.,--It.
_arancio_--Pers. _naranj_, the _n_ being dropped; it was thought to come
from L. _aurum_, gold, hence Low L. _aurantium_.]
ORANGEMAN, or'anj-man, _n._ a member of a society instituted in Ireland in
1795 to uphold Protestantism, or the cause of William of _Orange_--a secret
society since its formal suppression in 1835 after a protracted
parliamentary inquiry.--_adj._ OR'ANGE.--_n._ OR'ANGEISM. [From the
principality of _Orange_ (L. _Arausio_), near Avignon, ruled by its own
sovereigns from the 11th to the 16th century, passing by the last heiress
in 1531 to the Count of Nassau, father of William the Silent.]
ORANG-OUTANG, [=o]-rang'-[=oo]-tang', _n._ an anthropoid ape, found only in
the forests of Sumatra and Borneo, reddish-brown, arboreal in habit.--Also
ORANG' and ORANG'-UTAN'. [Malay, 'man of the woods.']
ORANT, [=o]'rant, _n._ a worshipping figure in ancient Greek and early
Christian art.
ORARIAN, [=o]-r[=a]'ri-an, _adj._ pertaining to the coast. [L. _ora_, the
shore.]
ORARION, [=o]-r[=a]'ri-on, _n._ a deacon's stole in the Eastern Church.
ORARIUM, [=o]-r[=a]'ri-um, _n._ a linen neckcloth or handkerchief: a scarf
attached to a bishop's staff. [L. _os_, _oris_, the mouth.]
ORARIUM, [=o]-r[=a]'ri-um, _n._ a collection of private devotions. [L.
_or[=a]re_, to pray.]
ORATION, [=o]-r[=a]'shun, _n._ a public speech of a formal character: an
eloquent speech.--_n._ ORATIUN'CLE, a brief speech. [Fr.,--L.
_oratio_--_or[=a]re_, to pray.]
ORATOR, or'a-tor, _n._ a public speaker: a man of eloquence: a spokesman or
advocate:--_fem._ OR'ATRESS, OR'ATRIX.--_v.i._ OR'[=A]TE, to deliver an
oration.--_adjs._ ORAT[=O]'RIAL; ORATOR'ICAL, pertaining to oratory:
becoming an orator.--_adv._ ORATOR'ICALLY.--_n._ OR'ATORY, the art of
speaking well, or so as to please and persuade, esp. publicly: the exercise
of eloquence: an apartment or building for private worship: one of various
congregations in the R.C. Church, esp. the Fathers of the Oratory,
established by St Philip Neri (1515-95): a religious house of theirs.
ORATORIO, or-a-t[=o]'ri-[=o], _n._ a sacred story set to music, which, as
in the opera, requires soloists, chorus, and full orchestra for its
performance, the theatrical adjuncts, however, of scenery, costumes, and
acting bring dispensed with. [It., so called because first performed in the
_Oratory_ of the Church of Santa Maria Maggiore, near Rome, under the care
of St Philip Neri (1571-94).]
ORB, orb, _adj._ (_obs._) bereft, esp. of children. [L. _orbus_.]
ORB, orb, _n._ a circle: a sphere: a celestial body: a wheel: any rolling
body: the eye: (_archit._) a blank window or panel: the globe forming part
of regalia, the monde or mound: the space within which the astrological
influence of a planet operates.--_v.t._ to surround: to form into an
orb.--_adjs._ OR'BATE; ORBED, in the form of an orb; circular; ORBIC'ULAR,
having the form of an orb or sphere: spherical: round.--_n._
ORBICUL[=A]'RIS, a muscle surrounding an opening.--_adv._
ORBIC'ULARLY.--_n._ ORBIC'ULARNESS.--_adjs._ ORBIC'ULATE, -D, made in the
form of an orb.--_n._ ORBICUL[=A]'TION.--_adj._ OR'BY, orbed. [L. _orbis_,
circle.]
ORBILIUS, or-bil'i-us, _n._ a flogging schoolmaster--from Horace's master.
ORBIT, or'bit, _n._ the path in which one of the heavenly bodies, as a
planet, moves round another, as the sun: the hollow in the bone in which
the eyeball rests--also OR'BITA: the skin round the eye.--_adjs._ OR'BITAL,
OR'BITARY. [L. _orbita_--_orbis_, a ring.]
ORC, ork, _n._ any whale, the grampus. [L. _orca_.]
ORCADIAN, or-k[=a]'di-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to the Orkney
Islands.--_n._ an inhabitant or a native of the Orkneys. [L. _Orcades_.]
ORCHARD, or'chard, _n._ a garden of fruit-trees, esp. of apple-trees, also
the enclosure containing such.--_ns._ OR'CHARD-HOUSE, a glass house for
cultivating fruits without artificial heat; OR'CHARDING; OR'CHARDIST. [A.S.
_orceard_--older form _ort-geard_.]
ORCHELLA-WEED=_Archil_ (q. v.).
ORCHEOCELE, or-ke-o-s[=e]l', _n._ a tumour or inflammation of the
testicle.--_ns._ ORCHIAL'GIA, pain, esp. neuralgia, in a testicle;
ORCHIDEC'TOMY, ORCHOT'OMY, the excision of a testicle; ORCHIODYN'IA, pain
in a testicle; ORCH[=I]'TIS, inflammation of a testicle.--_adj._ ORCHIT'IC.
[Gr. _orchis_, a testicle, _k[=e]l[=e]_, a tumour.]
ORCHESTRA, or'kes-tra, _n._ in the Greek theatre, the place where the
chorus danced: now the part of a theatre or concert-room in which the
musicians are placed: the performers in an orchestra.--_ns._ ORCH[=E]'SIS,
the art of dancing or rhythmical movement of the body; ORCHESOG'RAPHY, the
theory of dancing.--_adjs._ OR'CHESTRAL, ORCHES'TRIC, of or pertaining to
an orchestra: performed in an orchestra.--_v.t._ OR'CHESTR[=A]TE, to
arrange for an orchestra.--_ns._ ORCHESTR[=A]'TION, the arrangement of
music for an orchestra: instrumentation; ORCHES'TRION, a musical instrument
of the barrel-organ kind, designed to imitate an orchestra. [L.,--Gr.
_orch[=e]stra_--_orchesthai_, to dance.]
ORCHID, or'kid, _n._ a plant with a rich, showy, often fragrant flower,
frequently found growing, in warm countries, on rocks and stems of
trees.--_adjs._ ORCHID[=A]'CEOUS, ORCHID'[=E]OUS, pertaining to the
orchids.--_ns._ ORCHIDOL'OGY, the knowledge of orchids; OR'CHIS, a genus
containing ten of the British species of orchids. [Gr. _orchis_, a
testicle.]
ORCHIL, or'kil, _n._ the colouring matter derived from archil (q.v.).
ORCINE, or'sin, _n._ a colouring matter obtained from orchella-weed and
other lichens.
ORDAIN, or-d[=a]n', _v.t._ to put in order: to appoint: to dispose or
regulate: to set apart for an office: to invest with ministerial
functions.--_adj._ ORDAIN'ABLE.--_ns._ ORDAIN'ER; ORDAIN'MENT.--_adj._
OR'DINAL, showing order or succession.--_n._ a number noting order or place
among others: a body of regulations, a book containing forms and rules for
ordination.--_n._ OR'DINANCE, that which is ordained by authority: a law: a
religious practice or right established by authority.--_adj._ OR'DINANT
(_Shak._), ordaining, decreeing.--_n._ one who ordains, as a bishop--opp.
to OR'DINAND, or one who is to be ordained.--_n._ ORDIN[=A]'TION, the act
of ordaining: admission to the Christian ministry by the laying on of hands
of a bishop or a presbytery: established order. [O. Fr. _ordener_ (Fr.
_ordonner_)--L. _ordin[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_ordo_.]
ORDEAL, or'de-al, _n._ a dealing out or giving of just judgment: an ancient
form of referring a disputed question to the judgment of God, by lot, fire,
water, &c.: any severe trial or examination. [A.S. _or-dél_, _or-dál_; cf.
Dut. _oor-deel_, Ger. _ur-theil_.]
ORDER, or'd[.e]r, _n._ regular arrangement, method: degree, rank, or
position: rule, regular system or government: command: a class, a society
of persons of the same profession, &c.: a religious fraternity: a dignity
conferred by a sovereign, &c., giving membership in a body, after the
medieval orders of knighthood, also the distinctive insignia thereof:
social rank generally: a number of genera having many important points in
common: a commission to supply, purchase, or sell something: (_archit._)
one of the different ways in which the column, with its various parts and
its entablature, are moulded and related to each other: due action towards
some end, esp. in old phrase 'to take order:' the sacerdotal or clerical
function: (_pl._) the several degrees or grades of the Christian
ministry.--_v.t._ to arrange: to conduct: to command.--_v.i._ to give
command.--_ns._ OR'DER-BOOK, a book for entering the orders of customers,
the special orders of a commanding officer, or, the motions to be put to
the House of Commons; OR'DERER; OR'DERING, arrangement: management: the act
or ceremony of ordaining, as priests or deacons.--_adj._ OR'DERLESS,
without order: disorderly.--_n._ OR'DERLINESS.--_adj._ OR'DERLY, in good
order: regular: well regulated: of good behaviour: quiet: being on
duty.--_adv._ regularly: methodically.--_n._ a non-commissioned officer who
carries official messages for his superior officer, formerly the first
sergeant of a company.--_adj._ OR'DINATE, in order: regular.--_n._ the
distance of a point in a curve from a straight line, measured along another
straight line at right angles to it--the distance of the point from the
other of the two lines is called the _abscissa_, and the two lines are the
_axes of co-ordinates_.--_adv._ OR'DINATELY.--ORDER-IN-COUNCIL, a sovereign
order given with advice of the Privy Council; ORDER-OF-BATTLE, the
arrangement of troops or ships at the beginning of a battle;
ORDER-OF-THE-DAY, in a legislative assembly, the business set down to be
considered on any particular day: any duty assigned for a particular
day.--CLOSE ORDER, the usual formation for soldiers in line or column, the
ranks 16 inches apart, or for vessels two cables'-length (1440 ft.)
apart--opp. to _Extended order_; FULL ORDERS, the priestly order; MINOR
ORDERS, those of acolyte, exorcist, reader, and doorkeeper; OPEN ORDER, a
formation in which ships are four cables'-length (2880 ft.) apart; SAILING
ORDERS, written instructions given to the commander of a vessel before
sailing; SEALED ORDERS, such instructions as the foregoing, not to be
opened until a certain specified time; STANDING ORDERS or RULES,
regulations for procedure adopted by a legislative assembly.--IN ORDER, and
OUT OF ORDER, in accordance with regular and established usage of
procedure, in subject or way of presenting it before a legislative
assembly, &c., or the opposite; IN ORDER TO, for the end that; TAKE ORDER
(_Shak._), to take measures. [Fr. _ordre_--L. _ordo_, _-inis_.]
ORDINAIRE, or-din-[=a]r', _n._ wine for ordinary use--usually _vin
ordinaire_: a soldier's mess: a person of common rank.
ORDINARY, or'di-na-ri, _adj._ according to the common order: usual: of
common rank: plain: of little merit: (_coll._) plain-looking.--_n._ a judge
of ecclesiastical or other causes who acts in his own right: something
settled or customary: actual office: a bishop or his deputy: a place where
regular meals are provided at fixed charges: the common run or mass:
(_her._) one of a class of armorial charges, called also _honourable
ordinaries_, figures of simple outline and geometrical form, conventional
in character--_chief_, _pale_, _fess_, _bend_, _bend-sinister_, _chevron_,
_cross_, _saltire_, _pile_, _pall_, _bordure_, _orle_, _tressure_,
_canton_, _flanches_.--_adv._ OR'DINARILY.--ORDINARY OF THE MASS, the
established sequence or fixed order for saying mass.--IN ORDINARY, in
regular and customary attendance.
ORDNANCE, ord'nans, _n._ great guns: artillery: (_orig._) any arrangement,
disposition, or equipment.--ORDNANCE SURVEY, a preparation of maps and
plans of Great Britain and Ireland, or parts thereof, undertaken by
government and carried out by men selected from the Royal Engineers--so
called because in earlier days the survey was carried out under the
direction of the Master-general of the Ordnance. [_Ordinance._]
ORDONNANCE, or'do-nans, _n._ co-ordination, esp. the proper disposition of
figures in a picture, parts of a building, &c.
ORDURE, or'd[=u]r, _n._ dirt: dung: excrement: also _fig._ anything
unclean.--_adj._ OR'DUROUS. [Fr.,--O. Fr. _ord_, foul--L. _horridus_,
rough.]
ORE, [=o]r, _n._ metal as it comes from the mine: metal mixed with earthy
and other substances. [A.S. _ór_, another form of _ár_, brass; Ice. _eir_,
L. _æs_, _ær-is_, bronze.]
OREAD, [=o]'r[=e]-ad, _n._ (_myth._) a mountain nymph:--_pl._ O'READS, or
OR[=E]'ADES. [Gr. _oreias_, _oreiados_--_oros_, a mountain.]
OREOG'RAPHY=OROGRAPHY.
ORGAN, or'gan, _n._ an instrument or means by which anything is done: a
part of a body fitted for carrying on a natural or vital operation: a means
of communication, or of conveying information or opinions from one to
another of two parties, as an ambassador, a newspaper, &c.: a musical wind
instrument consisting of a collection of pipes made to sound by means of
compressed air from bellows, and played upon by means of keys: a system of
pipes in such an organ, having an individual keyboard, a partial organ: a
musical instrument having some mechanism resembling the pipe-organ, as the
barrel-organ, &c.--_ns._ OR'GAN-BUILD'ER, one who constructs organs;
OR'GAN-GRIND'ER, a fellow who plays a hand-organ by a crank;
OR'GAN-HARM[=O]'NIUM, a large harmonium used instead of a
pipe-organ.--_adjs._ ORGAN'IC, -AL, pertaining to an organ: organised:
instrumental.--_adv._ ORGAN'ICALLY.--_n._ ORGAN'ICALNESS.--_v.t._
ORGAN'IFY, to add organic matter to.--_n._ ORGANISABIL'ITY.--_adj._
ORGANIS'ABLE, that may be organised.--_n._ ORGANIS[=A]'TION, the act of
organising: the state of being organised.--_v.t._ OR'GAN[=I]SE, to supply
with organs: to form several parts into an organised whole, to
arrange.--_ns._ OR'GAN[=I]SER; OR'GANISM, organic structure, or a body
exhibiting such: a living being, animal or vegetable.--_adj._
OR'GANISMAL.--_ns._ OR'GANIST, one who plays on an organ; OR'GAN-LOFT, the
loft where an organ stands; ORGANOG'ENY, ORGANOGEN'ESIS, history of the
development of living organs; ORGANOG'RAPHY, a description of the organs of
plants or animals; ORGANOL'OGY, the study of structure and function;
OR'GAN-PIPE, one of the sounding pipes of a pipe-organ (_flue-pipes_ and
_reed-pipes_); OR'GAN-POINT, a note sustained through a series of chords,
although only in harmony with the first and last; OR'GANRY, the music of
the organ; OR'GAN-SCREEN, an ornamental stone or wood screen, on which a
secondary organ is sometimes placed in cathedrals; ORGUINETTE', a
mechanical musical instrument, with reeds and exhaust-bellows.--ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY, the chemistry of substances of animal or vegetable origin, prior
to 1828 supposed to be capable of formation only as products of vital
processes: the chemistry of the compounds of carbon; ORGANIC DISEASE, a
disease accompanied by changes in the structures involved; ORGANIC REMAINS,
fossil remains of a plant or animal.--HYDRAULIC ORGAN, one whose bellows is
operated by a hydraulic motor. [Fr. _organe_--L. _organum_--Gr. _organon_.]
ORGANON, or'ga-non, _n._ an instrument: a system of rules and principles
for scientific investigation: a system of thought: the logic of
Aristotle--also OR'GANUM:--_pl._ OR'GANA. [Gr., from _ergon_, a work.]
ORGANZINE, or'gan-zin, _n._ a silk thread of several twisted together, a
fabric of the same. [Fr.]
ORGASM, or'gasm, _n._ immoderate excitement or action.--_adj._ ORGAS'TIC.
[Gr. _orgasmos_, swelling.]
ORGEAT, or'zhat, _n._ a confectioner's syrup made from almonds, sugar, &c.
[Fr. _orge_--L. _hordeum_, barley.]
ORGULOUS, or'g[=u]-lus, _adj._ (_Shak._) haughty.
ORGY, or'ji, _n._ any drunken or riotous rite or revelry, esp. by
night--(_rare_) ORGE:--_pl._ OR'GIES, riotous secret rites observed in the
worship of Bacchus.--_v.i._ ORGE, to indulge in riotous jollity.--_n._
OR'GIAST.--_adjs._ ORGIAS'TIC, OR'GIC. [Fr.,--L. _orgia_--Gr.]
ORICHALC, or'i-kalk, _n._ (_Spens._) a gold-coloured alloy resembling
brass.--_adj._ ORICHAL'CEOUS. [Fr., from Gr. _oreichalkos_, mountain
copper--_oros_, a mountain, _chalkos_, copper.]
ORIEL, [=o]'ri-el, _n._ a portico or recess in the form of a window built
out from a wall, supported on brackets or corbels--distinguished from a bay
window. [O. Fr. _oriol_, a porch--Low L. _oriolum_, a highly ornamented
recess--L. _aureolus_, gilded--_aurum_, gold.]
ORIENT, [=o]'ri-ent, _adj._ rising, as the sun: eastern: bright or pure in
colour.--_n._ the part where the sun rises: the east, or the countries of
the east: purity of lustre, as in a pearl.--_v.t._ to set so as to face the
east: to build, as a church, with its length from east to west.--_adj._
ORIEN'TAL, eastern: pertaining to, in, or from the east.--_n._ a native of
the east.--_v.t._ ORIEN'TALISE.--_ns._ ORIEN'TALISM, an eastern word,
expression, or custom; ORIEN'TALIST, one versed in the eastern languages:
an oriental; ORIENTAL'ITY.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ ORIEN'T[=A]TE.--_ns._
ORIENT[=A]'TION, the act of turning or state of being turned toward the
east, the process of determining the east in taking bearings: the situation
of a building relative to the points of the compass: the act of making
clear one's position in some matter: the homing instinct, as in pigeons;
O'RIENT[=A]TOR, an instrument for orientating. [L. _oriens_, _-entis_,
pr.p. of _or[=i]ri_, to rise.]
ORIFICE, or'i-fis, _n._ something made like a mouth or opening. [Fr.,--L.
_orificium_--_os_, _oris_, mouth, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
ORIFLAMME, or'i-flam, _n._ a little banner of red silk split into many
points, borne on a gilt staff--the ancient royal standard of France.
[Fr.,--Low L. _auriflamma_--L. _aurum_, gold, _flamma_, a flame.]
ORIGAN, or'i-gan, _n._ wild marjoram.--Also ORIG'ANUM. [Fr.,--L.
_origanum_.--Gr. _origanon_--_oros_, mountain, _ganos_, brightness.]
ORIGENIST, or'ij-en-ist, _n._ a follower of _Origen_ (_c._ 186-254 A.D.),
his allegorical method of scriptural interpretation, or his theology, esp.
his heresies--the subordination though eternal generation of the Logos,
pre-existence of all men, and universal restoration, even of the
devil.--_n._ OR'IGENISM.--_adj._ ORIGENIST'IC.
ORIGIN, or'i-jin, _n._ the rising or first existence of anything: that from
which anything first proceeds: (_math._) the fixed starting-point: cause:
derivation.--_adjs._ ORIG'INABLE; ORIG'INAL, pertaining to the origin or
beginning: first in order or existence: in the author's own words or from
the artist's own pencil: not copied: not translated: having the power to
originate, as thought.--_n._ origin: first copy: the precise language used
by a writer: an untranslated tongue: a person of marked
individuality.--_ns._ ORIGINAL'ITY, ORIG'INALNESS, quality or state of
being original or of originating ideas.--_adv._ ORIG'INALLY.--_v.t._
ORIG'IN[=A]TE, to give origin to: to bring into existence.--_v.i._ to have
origin: to begin.--_n._ ORIGIN[=A]'TION, act of originating or of coming
into existence: mode of production.--_adj._ ORIG'IN[=A]TIVE, having power
to originate or bring into existence.--_n._ ORIG'IN[=A]TOR. [Fr.
_origine_--L. _origo_, _originis_--_or[=i]ri_, to rise.]
ORILLON, o-ril'lon, _n._ a semicircular projection at the shoulder of a
bastion intended to cover the guns and defenders on the flank.
[Fr.,--_oreille_, an ear--L. _auricula_, dim. of _auris_, ear.]
ORIOLE, [=o]r'i-[=o]l, _n._ the golden thrush. [O. Fr. _oriol_--L.
_aureolus_, dim. of _aureus_, golden--_aurum_, gold.]
ORION, [=o]-r[=i]'on, _n._ (_astron._) one of the constellations containing
seven very bright stars, three of which, in a straight line, form Orion's
belt. [_Orion_, a hunter placed among the stars at his death.]
ORISMOLOGY, or-is-mol'[=o]-ji, _n._ the science of defining technical
terms.--_adjs._ ORISMOLOG'IC, -AL. [Gr. _horismos_--_horizein_, to bound.]
ORISON, or'i-zun, _n._ a prayer. [O. Fr. _orison_ (Fr. _oraison_)--L.
_oratio_, _-[=o]nis_--_or[=a]re_, to pray.]
ORLE, orl, _n._ (_archit._) a fillet under the ovolo of a capital--also
OR'LET: (_her._) a border within a shield at a short distance from the
edge. [O. Fr., border, from Low L. _orlum_, dim. of L. _ora_, border.]
ORLEANIST, or'l[=e]-an-ist, _n._ one of the family of the Duke of
_Orleans_, brother of Louis XIV. of France: a supporter of the claims of
this family to the throne of France.--_adj._ favourable to the claims of
the Orleans family.--_ns._ OR'LEANISM; OR'LEANS, a wool and cotton cloth
for women's dresses.
ORLOP, or'lop, _n._ the deck below the berth-deck in a ship where the
cables, &c., are stowed. [Dut. _overloop_, the upper deck--_overlopen_, to
run over.]
ORMER, or'm[.e]r, _n._ an ear-shell or sea-ear.
ORMOLU, or'mo-l[=oo], _n._ an alloy of copper, zinc, and tin: gilt or
bronzed metallic ware: gold-leaf prepared for gilding bronze, &c. [Fr.
_or_--L. _aurum_, gold, _moulu_, pa.p. of _moudre_, to grind--L.
_mol[=a]re_, to grind.]
ORMUZD, or'muzd, _n._ the name of the chief god of the ancient Persians:
the creator and lord of the whole universe: (later) the good principle, as
opposed to _Ahriman_, the bad. [A corr. of Pers. _Ahura-Mazdâh_=the Living
God or Lord (_ahu_='the living,' 'life,' or 'spirit,' root _ah_='to be'),
the Great Creator (_maz_+_dâ_=Sans. _mahâ_+_dhâ_), or the Wise One.]
ORNAMENT, or'na-ment, _n._ anything that adds grace or beauty: additional
beauty: a mark of honour: (_pl._, _Pr. Bk._) all the articles used in the
services of the church.--_v.t._ to adorn: to furnish with
ornaments.--_adj._ ORNAMENT'AL, serving to adorn or beautify.--_adv._
ORNAMENT'ALLY.--_ns._ ORNAMENT[=A]'TION, act or art of ornamenting:
(_archit._) ornamental work; OR'NAMENTER; OR'NAMENTIST.--_adj._ ORNATE',
ornamented: decorated: highly finished, esp. applied to a style of
writing.--_adv._ ORNATE'LY.--_n._ ORNATE'NESS. [Fr. _ornement_--L.
_ornamentum_--_orn[=a]re_, to adorn.]
ORNIS, or'nis, _n._ the birds collectively of a region, its
avifauna.--_adj._ ORNITH'IC.--_ns._ ORNITHICH'NITE (_geol._), the footmark
of a bird found impressed on sandstone, &c.; ORNITHODEL'PHIA, the lowest of
the three sub-classes of mammals, same as _Monotremata_--from the ornithic
character of the urogenital organs.--_adjs._ ORNITHODEL'PHIAN (also _n._),
ORNITHODEL'PHIC, ORNITHODEL'PHOUS; OR'NITHOID, somewhat ornithic.--_ns._
ORNITH'OLITE (_geol._), the fossil remains of a bird: a stone occurring of
various colours and forms bearing the figures of birds.--_adj._
ORNITHOLOG'ICAL, pertaining to ornithology.--_adv._
ORNITHOLOG'ICALLY.--_ns._ ORNITHOL'OGIST, one versed in ornithology, or who
makes a special study of birds; ORNITHOL'OGY, the science and study of
birds; OR'NITHOMANCY, divination by means of birds, by observing their
flight, &c.--_adjs._ ORNITHOMAN'TIC; ORNITHOPH'ILOUS, bird-fertilised;
OR'NITHOPOD, ORNITHOP'ODOUS, having feet like a bird.--_ns._
ORNITHORHYN'CHUS, an animal in Australia, with a body like an otter and a
snout like the bill of a duck, also called _Duck-bill_; ORNITHOS'COPY,
observation of birds or of their habits; ORNITHOT'OMY, the act of
dissecting birds. [Gr. _ornis_, _ornithos_, a bird.]
OROGRAPHY, or-og'ra-fi, _n._ the description of mountains--also
OROL'OGY.--_n._ OROG'ENY, the origin and formation of mountains.--_adjs._
OROGRAPH'IC, -AL; OROLOG'ICAL, of or pertaining to orology.--_ns._
OROL'OGIST, one versed in orology; OROM'ETER, a mountain-barometer. [Gr.
_oros_, a mountain.]
OROIDE, [=o]'r[=o]-[=i]d, _n._ an alloy of copper, tin, and other metals
used for watch-cases, cheap jewellery, &c.--Also O'R[=E]IDE. [Fr. _or_--L.
_aurum_, gold, Gr. _eidos_, form.]
OROTUND, [=o]'r[=o]-tund, _adj._ full, clear, and musical, as speech.--_n._
full, clear, and musical speech, as when directly from the larynx. [L.
_os_, _oris_, the mouth, _rotundus_, round.]
ORPHAN, or'fan, _n._ a child bereft of father or mother, or of
both.--_adj._ bereft of parents.--_v.t._ to bereave of parents.--_ns._
OR'PHANAGE, the state of being an orphan: a house for orphans;
OR'PHAN-ASY'LUM; OR'PHANHOOD, OR'PHANISM; ORPHANOT'ROPHY, the supporting of
orphans. [Gr. _orphanos_, akin to L. _orbus_, bereaved.]
ORPHARION, or-f[=a]'ri-on, _n._ a large lute with six to nine metal
strings.--Also ORPHE[=O]'REON.
ORPHEAN, or'f[=e]-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Orpheus_, a poet who could move
inanimate objects by the music of his lyre.--_adj._ OR'PHIC, pertaining to
Orpheus, or the mysteries connected with the cult of Bacchus.--_v.i._
OR'PHISE.--_n._ OR'PHISM.
ORPHREY, or'fri, _n._ gold or other rich embroidery attached to vestments,
esp. chasuble and cope. [Fr. _orfroi_--_or_--L. _aurum_, gold, Fr.
_fraise_, fringe.]
ORPIMENT, or'pi-ment, _n._ arsenic trisulphide, giving king's yellow and
realgar (red).--_ns._ OR'PINE, OR'PIN, a deep-yellow colour: the _Sedum
Telephium_, a popular vulnerary. [Fr.,--L. _auripigmentum_--_aurum_, gold,
_pigmentum_, paint.]
ORRA, or'a, _adj._ (_Scot._) odd: not matched: left over: doing odd pieces
of work: worthless.
ORRERY, or'[.e]r-i, _n._ an apparatus for illustrating, by balls mounted on
rods and moved by clockwork around a centre, the size, positions, motions,
&c. of the heavenly bodies. [From Charles Boyle, fourth Earl of _Orrery_
(1676-1731).]
ORRIS, or'is, _n._ a species of iris in the south of Europe, the dried root
of which has the smell of violets, used in perfumery.--Also ORR'ICE.
ORRIS, or'is, _n._ a peculiar kind of gold or silver lace: upholsterers'
galloon and gimp. [_Orphrey._]
ORSEILLE, or-s[=a]l', _n._ a colouring matter (cf. _Archil_ and
_Litmus_).--_adj._ ORSEL'LIC. [Fr.]
ORT, ort, _n._ a fragment, esp. one left from a meal--usually _pl._ [Low
Ger. _ort_, refuse of fodder.]
ORTHOCEPHALY, or-th[=o]-sef'a-li, _n._ the character of a skull in which
the ratio between the vertical and transverse diameters is from 70 to
75.--_adj._ ORTHOCEPHAL'IC.
ORTHOCERAS, or-thos'e-ras, _n._ a genus of fossil cephalopods, having the
shell straight or but slightly curved.
ORTHOCHROMATIC, or-th[=o]-kr[=o]-mat'ik, _adj._ correct in rendering the
relation of colours, without the usual photographic modifications. [Gr.
_orthos_, right, _chr[=o]ma_, colour.]
ORTHOCLASE, or'tho-kl[=a]z, _n._ common or potash feldspar.--_adj._
ORTHOCLAS'TIC. [Gr. _orthos_, straight, _klasis_, a fracture.]
ORTHODOX, or'tho-doks, _adj._ sound in doctrine: believing the received or
established opinions, esp. in religion: according to the received
doctrine.--_adv._ OR'THODOXLY.--_ns._ OR'THODOXNESS; OR'THODOXY, soundness
of opinion or doctrine: belief in the commonly accepted opinions, esp. in
religion. [Through Fr. and Late L. from Gr. _orthodoxos_--_orthos_, right,
_doxa_, opinion--_dokein_, to seem.]
ORTHODROMIC, or-th[=o]-drom'ik, _adj._ pertaining to OR'THODROMY, the art
of sailing on a great circle or in a straight course.
ORTHOËPY, or'tho-e-pi, _n._ (_gram._) correct pronunciation of
words.--_adjs._ ORTHOËP'IC, -AL.--_adv._ ORTHOËP'ICALLY.--_n._ OR'THOËPIST,
one versed in orthoëpy. [Gr. _orthos_, right, _epos_, a word.]
ORTHOGAMY, or-thog'a-mi, _n._ (_bot._) direct or immediate fertilisation.
ORTHOGNATHOUS, or-thog'n[=a]-thus, _adj._ straight-jawed--also
ORTHOGNATH'IC.--_n._ ORTHOG'NATHISM. [Gr. _orthos_, straight, _gnathos_,
the jaw.]
ORTHOGON, or'tho-gon, _n._ (_geom._) a figure with all its angles right
angles.--_adj._ ORTHOG'ONAL, rectangular.--_adv._ ORTHOG'ONALLY. [Gr.
_orthos_, right, _g[=o]nia_, angle.]
ORTHOGRAPHER, or-thog'ra-f[.e]r, _n._ one who spells words correctly--also
ORTHOG'RAPHIST.--_adjs._ ORTHOGRAPH'IC, -AL, pertaining or according to
orthography: spelt correctly.--_adv._ ORTHOGRAPH'ICALLY.--_n._ ORTHOG'RAPHY
(_gram._), the art or practice of spelling words correctly. [Gr.
_orthographia_--_orthos_, right, _graphein_, to write.]
ORTHOMETRY, or-thom'et-ri, _n._ the art of constructing verse correctly.
ORTHOPÆDIA, or-th[=o]-p[=e]-d[=i]'a, _n._ the art or process of curing
deformities of the body, esp. in childhood--also OR'THOPÆDY,
OR'THOPEDY.--_adjs._ ORTHOPÆ'DIC, -AL, ORTHOPED'IC, -AL.--_ns._
ORTHOPÆ'DICS, ORTHOPED'ICS, orthopædic surgery; OR'THOPÆDIST, OR'THOPEDIST,
one skilled in the foregoing. [Gr. _orthos_, straight, _pais_, _paidos_, a
child.]
ORTHOPHONY, or'th[=o]-f[=o]-ni, _n._ the art of correct speaking: the
proper culture of the voice. [Gr. _orthos_, straight, _ph[=o]nein_, to
speak--_ph[=o]n[=e]_, voice.]
ORTHOPNOEA, or-thop-n[=e]'a, _n._ dyspnoea.--_n._ ORTHOP'NIC, one who can
breathe in an upright posture only. [Gr. _orthos_, straight, _pnein_, to
breathe.]
ORTHOPRAXY, or'th[=o]-prak-si, _n._ correct practice or procedure.
ORTHOPTERA, or-thop't[.e]r-a, _n._ an order of insects with wing-covers,
that overlap at the top when shut, under which are the true wings, which
fold lengthwise like a fan.--_ns._ ORTHOP'TER, ORTHOP'TERAN, an insect of
the order orthoptera; ORTHOPTEROL'OGY.--_adj._ ORTHOP'TEROUS, pertaining to
the orthoptera. [Gr. _orthos_, straight, _ptera_, pl. of _pteron_, wing.]
ORTHOSCOPIC, or-th[=o]-skop'ik, _adj._ seeing correctly: appearing normal
to the eye. [Gr. _orthos_, straight, _skopein_, to see.]
ORTHOSTYLE, or'th[=o]-st[=i]l, _n._ (_archit._) an arrangement of columns
or pillars in a straight line. [Gr. _orthos_, straight, _stylos_, a
column.]
ORTHOTONIC, or-th[=o]-ton'ik, _adj._ retaining an accent in certain
positions, but not in others--also OR'THOTONE.--_n._ ORTHOTON[=E]'SIS,
accentuation of a proclitic or enclitic--opp. to _Enclisis_. [Gr. _orthos_,
straight, _tonos_, accent.]
ORTHOTROPISM, or-thot'r[=o]-pizm, _n._ vertical growth in plants.--_adjs._
ORTHOT'ROPAL, ORTHOTROP'IC, ORTHOT'ROPOUS. [Gr. _orthos_, straight,
_trepein_, to turn.]
ORTHOTYPOUS, or'th[=o]-t[=i]-pus, _adj._ in mineralogy, having a
perpendicular cleavage.
ORTHROS, or'thros, _n._ one of the Greek canonical hours, corresponding to
the Western lauds. [Gr. _orthros_, dawn.]
ORTIVE, or'tiv, _adj._ rising: eastern.
ORTOLAN, or't[=o]-lan, _n._ a kind of bunting, common in Europe, and
considered a great table delicacy. [Fr.,--It. _ortolano_--L. _hortulanus_,
belonging to gardens--_hortulus_, dim. of _hortus_, a garden.]
ORVIETAN, or-vi-[=e]'tan, _n._ a supposed antidote or counter-poison.--_n._
ORVI[=E]'TO, an esteemed still white wine.
ORYCTICS, [=o]-rik'tiks, _n._ the branch of geology relating to
fossils.--_adjs._ ORYCTOGRAPH'IC, -AL.--_n._ ORYCTOZOÖL'OGY, palæontology.
[Gr. _oryctos_, fossil.]
ORYX, or'iks, _n._ a genus of antelopes. [Gr., a pick-axe.]
ORYZA, [=o]-r[=i]'za, _n._ a small tropical genus of true grasses,
including rice.
OS, os, _n._ a bone. [L.]
OSCAN, os'kan, _n._ and _adj._ one of an ancient Italic race in southern
Italy: a language closely akin to Latin, being a ruder and more primitive
form of the same central Italic tongue.
OSCHEAL, os'k[=e]-al, _adj._ pertaining to the scrotum.--_ns._
OSCHE[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the scrotum; OS'CHEOCELE, a scrotal hernia;
OS'CHEOPLASTY, plastic surgery of the scrotum. [Gr. _osch[=e]_, the
scrotum.]
OSCILLATE, os'sil-l[=a]t, _v.i._ to move backwards and forwards like a
pendulum: to vary between certain limits.--_n._ OS'CILLANCY, a swinging
condition.--_adj._ OS'CILL[=A]TING.--_n._ OSCILL[=A]'TION, act of
oscillating: a swinging like a pendulum: variation within limits.--_adjs._
OS'CILL[=A]TIVE, having a tendency to vibrate; OS'CILL[=A]TORY, swinging:
moving as a pendulum does. [L. _oscill[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to
swing--_oscillum_, a swing.]
OSCINES, os'si-n[=e]z, _n.pl._ a sub-order of birds of the order
Passeres.--_adj._ OS'CINE--also _n._ [L. _oscen_, _oscinis_, a
singing-bird.]
OSCITANCY, os'si-tan-si, _n._ sleepiness, stupidity.--_adj._
OS'CITANT.--_adv._ OS'CITANTLY.--_v.i._ OS'CITATE, to yawn.--_n._
OSCIT[=A]'TION, act of yawning or gaping from sleepiness. [L.
_oscit[=a]re_, to yawn.]
OSCULANT, os'k[=u]-lant, _adj._ kissing: adhering closely: (_biol._)
situated between two other genera, and partaking partly of the character of
each.--_v.t._ OS'CUL[=A]TE, to kiss: to touch, as two curves: to form a
connecting-link between two genera.--_adj._ of or pertaining to
kissing.--_n._ OSCUL[=A]'TION.--_adj._ OS'CUL[=A]TORY, of or pertaining to
kissing: (_geom._) having the same curvature at the point of contact.--_n._
a tablet with a picture of the Virgin or of Christ, which was kissed by the
priest and then by the people.--_ns._ OS'CULE, a little mouth: a small
bilabiate aperture; OS'C[=U]LUM, a mouth in sponges: one of the suckers on
the head of a tapeworm. [L. _oscul[=a]ri_, _-[=a]tus_--_osculum_, a little
mouth, a kiss, dim. of _os_, mouth.]
OSIER, [=o]'zh[.e]r, _n._ the popular name for those species of willow
whose twigs are used in making baskets, &c.--_adj._ made of or like
osiers.--_adj._ O'SIERED, adorned with willows.--_n._ O'SIERY, a place
where osiers are grown. [Fr.; perh. from Gr. _oisos_.]
OSIRIS, [=o]-s[=i]'ris, _n._ the greatest of Egyptian gods, son of Seb and
Nut, or Heaven and Earth, married to Isis, slain by Set but avenged by his
son Horus, judge of the dead in the nether-world.
OSITE, os'[=i]t, _n._ Sombrero guano.
OSMANLI, os-man'li, _adj._ of or belonging to Turkey.--_n._ a member of the
reigning family of Turkey: a subject of the emperor of Turkey. [_Osman_ or
_Othman_, who founded the Turkish empire in Asia, and reigned 1288-1326.]
OSMETERIUM, os-m[=e]-t[=e]'ri-um, _n._ an organ devoted to the production
of an odour, esp. the forked process behind the head of certain
butterfly-larvæ:--_pl._ OSMET[=E]'RIA.
OSMIDROSIS, os-mi-dr[=o]'sis, _n._ the secretion of strongly smelling
perspiration.--Also _Bromidrosis_. [Gr. _osm[=e]_, smell, _hidr[=o]sis_,
sweat.]
OSMIUM, [=o]s'mi-um, _n._ a gray-coloured metal found in platinum ore, the
oxide of which has a disagreeable smell.--_adjs._ OS'MIC, OS'MIOUS. [Gr.
_osm[=e]_, smell, orig. _od-m[=e]_--_ozein_, to smell.]
OSMOSE, os'm[=o]s, _n._ the tendency of fluids to mix or become equally
diffused when in contact, even through an intervening membrane or porous
structure--also OSM[=O]'SIS.--_adj._ OSMOT'IC, pertaining to, or having,
the property of osmose.--_adv._ OSMOT'ICALLY. [Gr. _[=o]smos_=_[=o]sis_,
impulse--_[=o]thein_, to push.]
OSMUNDA, os-mun'da, _n._ a genus of ferns, the chief species being OSMUNDA
REGALIS, the royal fern--also called _Bog-onion_, _King-fern_, &c.
OSNABURG, oz'na-burg, _n._ a coarse kind of linen, originally brought from
_Osnaburg_ in Germany.
OSPREY, os'pr[=a], _n._ the fish-hawk, a species of eagle very common on
the coast of North America. [Corr. from _ossifrage_, which see.]
OSSEOUS, os'[=e]-us, _adj._ bony: composed of, or resembling, bone: of the
nature or structure of bone.--_ns._ OSS[=A]'RIUM, an ossuary; OSS'[=E]IN,
the organic basis of bone; OSS'ELET, a hard substance growing on the inside
of a horse's knee; OSS'ICLE, a small bone.--_adjs._ OSSIF'EROUS, producing
bone: (_geol._) containing bones; OSSIF'IC.--_n._ OSSIFIC[=A]'TION, the
process or state of being changed into a bony substance.--_v.t._ OSS'IFY,
to make into bone or into a bone-like substance.--_v.i._ to become
bone:--_pa.p._ oss'ified.--_adj._ OSSIV'OROUS, devouring or feeding on
bones.--_ns._ OS'TEOBLAST, a cell concerned in the formation of bone;
OS'TEOCLAST, an apparatus for fracturing bones; OSTEOCOL'LA, a deposited
carbonate of lime encrusted on the roots and stems of plants;
OSTEODEN'TINE, one of the varieties of dentine, resembling bone;
OSTEOGEN'ESIS, the formation or growth of bone--also OSTEOG'ENY;
OSTEOG'RAPHER; OSTEOG'RAPHY, description of bones.--_adj._ OS'TEOID, like
bone: having the appearance of bone.--_ns._ OSTEOL'EPIS, a genus of fossil
ganoid fishes peculiar to the Old Red Sandstone, so called from the bony
appearance of their scales; OSTEOL'OGER, OSTEOL'OGIST, one versed in
osteology.--_adjs._ OSTEOLOG'IC, -AL, pertaining to osteology.--_adv._
OSTEOLOG'ICALLY.--_ns._ OSTEOL'OGY, the science of the bones, that part of
anatomy which treats of the bones; OSTEOMAL[=A]'CIA, a disease in which the
earthy salts disappear from the bones, which become soft and misshapen;
OS'TEOPHYTE, an abnormal bony outgrowth.--_adjs._ OSTEOPHYT'IC;
OSTEOPLAST'IC.--_ns._ OS'TEOPLASTY, a plastic operation by which a loss of
bone is remedied; OSTEOSARC[=O]'MA, a tumour composed of intermingled bony
and sarcomatous tissue; OS'TEOTOME (_surg._), a saw-like instrument for
cutting bones; OSTEOT'OMY, the division of, or incision into, a bone;
OST[=I]'TIS, inflammation of bone. [L. _osseus_--_os_, _ossis_, bone; Gr.
_osteon_, bone.]
OSSIANIC, os-i-an'ik, _adj._ pertaining to _Ossian_ or the poems dubiously
attributed to him.
OSSIFRAGE, os'i-fr[=a]j, _n._ the sea or bald eagle, common in the United
States: (_B._) the bearded vulture, the largest of European birds. [L.
_ossifragus_, breaking bones--_os_, _frag_, root of _frang[)e]re_,
_fractum_, to break.]
OSSUARY, os'[=u]-ar-i, _n._ a place where the bones of the dead are
deposited: a charnel-house. [L. _ossuarium_, a charnel-house--_os_, a
bone.]
OSTENSIBLE, os-tens'i-bl, _adj._ that may be shown: declared: put forth as
real: apparent.--_n._ OSTENSIBIL'ITY.--_adv._ OSTENS'IBLY.--_adj._
OSTENS'IVE, showing: exhibiting.--_adv._ OSTENS'IVELY.--_ns._ OSTEN'SORY, a
monstrance; OS'TENT (_Shak._), appearance, manner: token: portent, prodigy;
OSTENT[=A]'TION, act of making a display: ambitious display: display to
draw attention or admiration: boasting.--_adj._ OSTENT[=A]'TIOUS, given to
show: fond of self-display: intended for display.--_adv._
OSTENT[=A]'TIOUSLY.--_n._ OSTENT[=A]'TIOUSNESS. [L. _ostend[)e]re_,
_ostensum_, to show.]
OSTIARY, os'ti-ar-i, _n._ the doorkeeper of a church.
OSTIUM, os'ti-um, _n._ an opening: the mouth of a river.--_n._ OSTI[=O]'LE,
a small orifice.--_adjs._ OS'TIOLAR; OS'TIOL[=A]TE, furnished with an
ostiole. [L.]
OSTLER, os'l[.e]r. Same as HOSTLER.
OSTMEN, ost'men. _n.pl._ the Danish settlers in Ireland.
OSTRACEA, os-tr[=a]'s[=e]'a, _n.pl._ the oyster family.--_adjs._
OSTR[=A]'CEAN, OSTR[=A]'CEOUS.--_ns._ OS'TRACITE, a fossil oyster;
OS'TR[=E]A, the typical genus of the oyster family; OSTR[=E]ICUL'TURE,
oyster-culture; OSTR[=E]ICUL'TURIST.
OSTRACISE, os'tra-s[=i]z, _v.t._ in ancient Greece, to banish by the vote
of the people written on an earthenware tablet: to banish from
society.--_n._ OS'TRACISM, banishment by ostracising: expulsion from
society. [Gr. _ostrakizein_--_ostrakon_, an earthenware tablet.]
OSTRICH, os'trich, _n._ the largest of birds, found in Africa, remarkable
for its speed in running, and prized for its feathers.--_n._ OS'TRICH-FARM,
a place where ostriches are bred and reared for their feathers. [O. Fr.
_ostruche_ (Fr. _autruche_)--L. _avis-_, _struthio_, ostrich--Gr.
_strouthi[=o]n_, an ostrich, _strouthos_, a bird.]
OSTROGOTH, os'tr[=o]-goth, _n._ an eastern Goth: one of the tribe of east
Goths who established their power in Italy in 493, and were overthrown in
555.--_adj._ OS'TROGOTHIC.
OTACOUSTIC, ot-a-kows'tik, _adj._ assisting hearing.--_n._ an instrument to
assist hearing--also OTACOUS'TICON. [Gr. _akoustikos_--_akouein_, to
hear--_ous_, _[=o]tos_, ear.]
OTALGIA, [=o]-tal'ji-a, _n._ earache--also OTAL'GY.--_ns._ OTOG'RAPHY,
descriptive anatomy of the ear; OTORRH[=E]'A, a purulent discharge from the
ear; O'TOSCOPE, an instrument for viewing the interior of the ear.
OTARY, [=o]'tar-i, _n._ a genus of seals with an external ear:--_pl._
O'TARIES.--_adj._ OT'ARINE. [Gr. _[=o]taros_, large-eared--_ous_,
_[=o]tos_, ear.]
OTHER, u_th_'[.e]r, _adj._ and _pron._ different, not the same: additional:
second of two.--_adj._ OTH'ERGUESS=_Othergates_.--_n._ OTH'ERNESS.--_advs._
OTH'ERWHERE, elsewhere; OTH'ERWHILE, OTH'ERWHILES, at other times:
sometimes; OTH'ERWISE, in another way or manner: by other causes: in other
respects.--_conj._ else: under other conditions.--EVERY OTHER, each
alternate; RATHER ... THAN OTHERWISE, rather than not; THE OTHER DAY, on
some day not long past, quite recently. [A.S. _other_; cf. Ger. _ander_, L.
_alter_.]
OTHERGATES, u_th_'[.e]r-g[=a]tz, _adv._ (_obs._) in another way--also
_adj._ [_Other_, and _gate_, way, manner.]
OTIC, [=o]'tik, _adj._ of or pertaining to the ear.--_ns._ OT[=I]'TIS,
inflammation of the internal ear; OT'OCYST, an auditory vesicle; OT'OLITH,
a calcareous concretion within the membranous labyrinth of the ear;
OTOL'OGIST, one skilled in otology; OTOL'OGY, knowledge of the ear. [Gr.
_ous_, _[=o]tos_, ear.]
OTIOSE, o'shi-[=o]s, _adj._ unoccupied: lazy: done in a careless way,
perfunctory, futile.--_n._ OTIOS'ITY, ease, idleness. [L.
_otiosus_--_otium_, rest.]
OTOSCOPE. See under OTALGIA.
OTTAVA, ot-tä'vä, _n._ an octave.--OTTAVA RIMA, an Italian form of
versification consisting of eight lines, the first six rhyming alternately,
the last two forming a couplet--used by Byron in _Don Juan_. [It.]
OTTER, ot'[.e]r, _n._ a large kind of weasel living entirely on fish. [A.S.
_otor_, _oter_; cf. Dut. and Ger. _otter_.]
OTTO, ot'o, OTTAR, ot'ar (better ATT'AR), _n._ a fragrant oil obtained from
certain flowers, esp. the rose. [Ar. _`itr_--_`atira_, to smell sweetly.]
OTTOMAN, ot'o-man, _adj._ pertaining to the Turkish Empire, founded by
_Othman_ or _Osman_ about 1299.--_n._ a Turk (_Shak._ OTT'OMITE): a
cushioned seat for several persons sitting with their backs to one another:
a low, stuffed seat without a back: a variety of corded silk. [Fr.]
OUBIT, [=oo]'bit, _n._ a hairy caterpillar. [Prob. the A.S. _wibba_, a
crawling thing.]
OUBLIETTE, [=oo]-bli-et', _n._ a dungeon with no opening but at the top: a
secret pit in the floor of a dungeon into which a victim could be
precipitated. [Fr.,--_oublier_, to forget--L. _oblivisci_.]
OUCH, owch, _n._ a jewel or ornament, esp. one in the form of a clasp: the
socket of a precious stone. [O. Fr. _nouche_, _nosche_, from Teut., cf. Old
High Ger. _nusca_, a clasp.]
OUDENARDE, [=oo]'de-närd, _n._ a kind of decorative tapestry, representing
foliage, &c., once made at _Oudenarde_ in Belgium.
OUGHT, awt, _n._ (same as _Aught_) a vulgar corr. of _nought_.--_adv._
(_Scot._) OUGHT'LINGS, at all, in any degree.
OUGHT, awt, _v.i._ to be under obligation: to be proper or necessary.--_n._
OUGHT'NESS, rightness. [A.S. _áhte_, pa.t. of _ágan_, to owe.]
OUISTITI, wis'ti-ti, _n._ a wistit or marmoset.
OUNCE, owns, _n._ the twelfth part of a pound troy=480 grains: 1/16 of a
pound avoirdupois=437½ troy grains. [O. Fr. _unce_--L. _uncia_, the twelfth
part.]
OUNCE, owns, _n._ a carnivorous animal of the cat kind, found in Asia,
allied to the leopard--(_obs._) ONCE. [Fr. _once_, prob. Pers. _yúz_, a
panther.]
OUNDY, own'di, _adj._ wavy: scalloped: (_her._) undé.
OUPHE, [=oo]f, _n._ (_Shak._). Same as OAF.
OUR, owr, _adj._ and _pron._ pertaining or belonging to us--prov.
OURN.--_prons._ OURS, possessive of _We_; OURSELF', myself (as a king or
queen would say):--_pl._ OURSELVES (-selvz'), we, not others: us. [A.S.
_úre_, gen. pl. of _wé_, we.]
OURANG-OUTANG. Same as ORANG-OUTANG.
OUROLOGY, OUROSCOPY, &c. See UROLOGY under URINE.
OUSEL. See OUZEL.
OUST, owst, _v.t._ to eject or expel.--_n._ OUST'ER (_law_), ejection:
dispossession. [O. Fr. _oster_ (Fr. _ôter_), to remove; acc. to Diez, from
L. _haur[=i]re_, _haustum_, to draw (water).]
OUT, owt, _adv._ without, not within: gone forth: abroad: to the full
stretch or extent: in a state of discovery, development, &c.: in a state of
exhaustion, extinction, &c.: away from the mark: completely: at or to an
end: to others, as to hire _out_: freely: forcibly: at a loss: unsheltered:
uncovered.--_prep._ forth from: outside of: exterior: outlying,
remote.--_n._ one who is out, esp. of office--opp. to _In_: leave to go
out, an outing.--_v.i._ to go or come out.--_interj._ away! begone!--_n._
OUT'-AND-OUT'ER, a thoroughgoer, a first-rate fellow.--_adjs._
OUT'-OF-DOOR, open-air; OUT-OF-THE-WAY', uncommon: singular: secluded.--OUT
AND AWAY, by far; OUT AND OUT, thoroughly: completely--also as _adj._
thorough, complete; OUT-AT-ELBOWS, worn-out, threadbare; OUT OF CHARACTER,
unbecoming: improper; OUT OF COURSE, out of order; OUT OF DATE,
unfashionable: not now in use; OUT OF FAVOUR, disliked; OUT OF HAND,
instantly; OUT OF JOINT, not in proper connection: disjointed; OUT OF ONE'S
MIND, mad; OUT OF POCKET, having spent more than one has received; OUT OF
PRINT, not to be had for sale, said of books, &c.; OUT OF SORTS, or TEMPER,
unhappy: cross-tempered; OUT OF THE COMMON, unusual, pre-eminent; OUT OF
THE QUESTION, that cannot be at all considered; OUT OF TIME, too soon or
too late: not keeping time in music; OUT WITH, away with: (_Scot._) outside
of: say, do, &c., at once. [A.S. _úte_, _út_; Goth. _ut_, Ger. _aus_, Sans.
_ud_.]
OUTASK, owt-ask', _v.t._ to ask or proclaim, as to be married, in church
for the last time.
OUTBALANCE, owt-bal'ans, _v.t._ to exceed in weight or effect: to outweigh.
OUTBAR, owt-bär', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to bar out, esp. to shut out by
fortifications.
OUTBARGAIN, owt-bär'gin, _v.t._ to get the better of in a bargain.
OUTBID, owt-bid', _v.t._ to offer a higher price than another.
OUTBLUSH, owt-blush', _v.t._ to exceed in rosy colour.
OUTBLUSTER, owt-blus't[.e]r, _v.t._ to exceed in blustering: to get the
better of in this way.
OUTBOUND, owt'bownd, _adj._ bound for a distant port.
OUTBOUNDS, owt'bowndz, _n.pl._ (_Spens._) boundaries.
OUTBRAG, owt-brag', _v.t._ to surpass in bragging or boasting: to surpass
in beauty or splendour.
OUTBRAVE, owt-br[=a]v', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to excel in bravery or boldness,
to defy.
OUTBREAK, owt'br[=a]k, _n._ a breaking out: eruption: a disturbance of the
peace.--_v.i._ OUTBREAK', to burst forth.--_ns._ OUT'BREAKER, a wave which
breaks on the shore or on rocks; OUT'BREAKING.
OUTBREATHE, owt-br[=e]th', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to breathe out as breath or
life: to exhaust or deprive of breath.--_v.i._ to be breathed out:
(_Shak._) to expire.
OUTBUD, owt-bud', _v.i._ (_Spens._) to sprout forth.
OUTBUILDING, owt'bild-ing, _n._ a building separate from, but used in
connection with, a dwelling-house or a main building: an outhouse.
OUTBURN, owt-burn', _v.t._ to exceed in burning.--_v.i._ to burn away.
OUTBURST, owt'burst, _n._ a bursting out: an explosion.
OUTBY, owt'b[=i], _adv._ (_Scot._) out of doors: (_min._) towards the
shaft--opp. to _Inby._--Also OUT'BYE.
OUTCAST, owt'kast, _adj._ exiled from home or country: rejected.--_n._ a
person banished: a vagabond: an exile: (_Scot._) a quarrel: the amount of
increase in bulk of grain in malting.
OUTCOME, owt'kum, _n._ the issue: consequence: result.
OUTCRAFTY, owt-kraft'i, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to exceed in craft.
OUTCROP, owt'krop, _n._ the appearance, at the surface, of a layer of rock
or a vein of metal, caused by tilting or inclination of the strata: the
part of a layer which appears at the surface of the ground.--_v.i._ to
appear at the surface.
OUTCRY, owt'kr[=i], _n._ a loud cry of distress: a confused noise: a public
auction.--_v.t._ to cry louder than.
OUTDARE, owt-d[=a]r', _v.t._ to surpass in daring: to defy.
OUTDISTANCE, owt-dis'tans, _v.t._ to distance, leave far behind in any
competition.
OUTDO, owt-d[=oo]', _v.t._ to surpass: excel.
OUTDOOR, owt'd[=o]r, _adj._ outside the door or the house: in the open
air.--_adv._ OUT'DOORS, out of the house: abroad.--OUTDOOR RELIEF, help
given to a pauper who does not live in the workhouse.
OUTDWELL, owt-dwel', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to dwell or stay beyond.--_n._
OUT-DWELL'ER, one who owns land in a parish but lives outside it.
OUT-EDGE, owt'-ej, _n._ the farthest bound.
OUTER, owt'[.e]r, _adj._ more out or without: external--opp. to
_Inner_.--_n._ the part of a target outside the rings, a shot striking
here.--_adj._ OUT'ERMOST, most or farthest out: most distant.--OUTER BAR,
the junior barristers who plead outside the bar in court, as distinguished
from King's Counsel and others who plead within the bar. [Comp. of _out_.]
OUTFACE, owt-f[=a]s', _v.t._ to stare down: to bear down by bravery or
impudence: to confront boldly.
OUTFALL, owt'-fawl, _n._ the place of discharge of a river, sewer, &c.:
(_prov._) a quarrel.
OUTFIELD, owt'f[=e]ld, _n._ (_Scot._) arable land continually cropped
without being manured--opp. to _Infield_: any open field at a distance from
the farm-steading: any undefined district or sphere: at cricket and
baseball, the players collectively who occupy the outer part of the
field.--_n._ OUT'FIELDER, one of such players.
OUTFIT, owt'fit, _n._ the act of making ready everything required for a
journey or a voyage: complete equipment: the articles or the expenses for
fitting out: the means for an outfit.--_v.t._ to fit out, equip.--_ns._
OUT'FITTER, one who furnishes outfits; OUT'FITTING, an outfit: equipment
for a voyage.
OUTFLANK, owt-flangk', _v.t._ to extend the flank of one army beyond that
of another: to get the better of.
OUTFLASH, owt-flash', _v.t._ to outshine.
OUTFLING, owt'fling, _n._ a sharp retort or gibe.
OUTFLOW, owt-fl[=o]', _v.i._ to flow out.--_n._ issue.
OUTFLUSH, owt'flush, _n._ any sudden glow of heat.
OUTFLY, owt-fl[=i]', _v.t._ to surpass in flying: to fly faster than: to
escape by swiftness of flight.
OUTFOOT, owt-f[=oo]t', _v.i._ to outsail.
OUTFROWN, owt-frown', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to frown down.
OUTGARTH, owt'gärth, _n._ an outer yard or garden.
OUTGAZE, owt-g[=a]z', _v.t._ to stare out of countenance: to gaze farther
than.
OUTGENERAL, owt-jen'[.e]r-al, _v.t._ to outdo in generalship: to prove a
better general than.
OUTGIVE, owt-giv', _v.t._ and _v.i._ to surpass in liberality.
OUTGO, owt-g[=o]', _v.t._ to advance before in going: to surpass: to
overreach.--_v.i._ to go out: to come to an end.--_ns._ OUT'GO, that which
goes out: expenditure--opp. to _Income_; OUT'GOER; OUT'GOING, act or state
of going out: extreme limit: expenditure.--_adj._ departing--opp. to
_Incoming_, as a tenant.
OUTGROW, owt-gr[=o]', _v.t._ to surpass in growth: to grow out of.--_n._
OUT'GROWTH, that which grows out of a thing: growth to excess.
OUTGUARD, owt'gärd, _n._ a guard at a distance or at the farthest distance
from the main body.
OUTGUSH, owt-gush', _v.i._ to issue with force.--_n._ OUT'GUSH, a gushing
out.
OUTHAUL, owt'hawl, _n._ a rope for hauling out the clew of a sail.--Also
OUT'HAULER.
OUT-HEROD, owt-her'od, _v.t._ to surpass (_Herod_) in cruelty: to exceed,
esp. in anything bad.
OUTHIRE, owt-h[=i]r', _v.t._ to hire or let out.
OUTHOUSE, owt'hows, _n._ a small building outside a dwelling-house.
OUTING, owt'ing, _n._ the act of going out, or the distance gone out: an
excursion or airing.
OUTJEST, owt-jest', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to overpower by jesting: to excel in
jesting.
OUTJET, owt'jet, _n._ that which projects from anything.--_n._ OUTJUT'TING,
a projection.
OUTLAND, owt'land, _n._ land beyond the limits of cultivation.--_adj._
(_Tenn._) foreign.--_n._ OUT'LANDER, a foreigner, a person not
naturalised.--_adj._ OUTLAND'ISH, belonging to an out or foreign land:
foreign: not according to custom: strange: rustic: rude: vulgar.--_adv._
OUTLAND'ISHLY.--_n._ OUTLAND'ISHNESS.
OUTLASH, owt'lash, _n._ any sudden outburst.
OUTLAST, owt-last', _v.t._ to last longer than.
OUTLAW, owt'law, _n._ one deprived of the protection of the law: a robber
or bandit.--_v.t._ to place beyond the law: to deprive of the benefit of
the law: to proscribe.--_n._ OUT'LAWRY, the act of putting a man out of the
protection of the law: state of being an outlaw. [A.S. _útlaga_; cf. Ice.
_útlági_--_út_, out, _lög_, law.]
OUTLAY, owt'l[=a], _n._ that which is laid out: expenditure.--_v.t._ to lay
out to view.
OUTLEAP, owt'l[=e]p, _n._ a sally, flight.
OUTLEARN, owt-l[.e]rn', _v.t._ to learn: to excel in learning: to get
beyond the instruction of.
OUTLET, owt'let, _n._ the place or means by which anything is let out: the
passage outward, vent.
OUTLIER, owt'l[=i]-[.e]r, _n._ (_geol._) a portion of a stratum: anything,
as detached from the principal mass, and lying some distance from
it.--_v.t._ OUTLIE', to beat in lying.--_v.i._ to live in the open air.
OUTLINE, owt'l[=i]n, _n._ the outer line: the lines by which any figure is
bounded: a sketch showing only the main lines: a draft: a set-line in
fishing.--_v.t._ to draw the exterior line of: to delineate or
sketch.--_adj._ OUTLIN'EAR, like an outline.
OUTLIVE, owt-liv', _v.t._ to live longer than: to survive.--_n._ OUTLIV'ER.
OUTLODGING, owt'loj-ing, _n._ a lodging outside a college bounds at Oxford
and Cambridge.
OUTLOOK, owt'l[=oo]k, _n._ vigilant watch: view obtained by looking out:
prospect, or (_fig._) one's prospects: a watch-tower.--_v.t._ to face
courageously.
OUTLUSTRE, owt-lus't[.e]r, _v.t._ to excel in brightness.
OUTLYING, owt'l[=i]-ing, _adj._ lying out or beyond: remote: on the
exterior or frontier: detached.
OUTMAN, owt-man', _v.t._ to outdo in manliness: to outnumber in men.
OUTMANOEUVRE, owt-ma-n[=u]'v[.e]r, _v.t._ to surpass in manoeuvring.
OUTMANTLE, owt-man'tl, _v.t._ to excel in dress or ornament.
OUTMARCH, owt-märch', _v.t._ to march faster than: to leave behind by
marching.
OUTMATE, owt-m[=a]t', _v.t._ to outmatch.
OUTMEASURE, owt-mezh'[=u]r, _v.t._ to exceed in extent.
OUTMOST, owt'm[=o]st. Same as OUTERMOST.
OUTMOVE, owt-m[=oo]v', _v.t._ to move faster than.
OUTNAME, owt-n[=a]m', _v.t._ to surpass in name, reputation, or importance.
OUTNESS, owt'nes, _n._ state of being out, externality to the perceiving
mind, objectiveness.
OUTNUMBER, owt-num'b[.e]r, _v.t._ to exceed in number.
OUTPACE, owt-p[=a]s', _v.t._ to walk faster than.
OUT-PARAMOUR, owt-par'a-m[=oo]r, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to exceed in number of
mistresses.
OUTPARISH, owt'par-ish, _n._ a rural parish, as distinguished from an urban
one.
OUTPART, owt'part, _n._ a part remote from the centre.
OUTPASSION, owt-pash'un, _v.t._ (_Tenn._) to go beyond in passionateness.
OUTPATIENT, owt'p[=a]-shent, _n._ a patient who receives aid from a
hospital, but lives outside of it.
OUTPEER, owt-p[=e]r', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to surpass or excel.
OUT-PENSIONER, owt'-pen'shun-[.e]r, _n._ a non-resident pensioner.
OUTPORT, owt'p[=o]rt, _n._ a port out of or remote from the chief port: a
place of export.
OUTPOST, owt'p[=o]st, _n._ a post or station beyond the main body of an
army: the troops placed there.
OUTPOUR, owt-p[=o]r', _v.t._ to pour out: to send out in a stream.--_ns._
OUTPOUR'; OUTPOUR'ER; OUT'POURING, a pouring out: an abundant supply.
OUTPOWER, owt-pow'[.e]r, _v.t._ to surpass in power.
OUTPRAY, owt-pr[=a]', _v.t._ to exceed in earnestness of prayer.
OUTPRIZE, owt-pr[=i]z', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to exceed in the value set upon
it.
OUTPUT, owt'p[=oo]t, _n._ the quantity of metal made by a smelting furnace,
or of coal taken from a pit, within a certain time, production generally.
OUTQUARTERS, owt-kwär't[.e]rz, _n.pl._ quarters situated away from
headquarters.
OUTQUENCH, owt-kwensh', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to extinguish.
OUTRAGE, owt'r[=a]j, _n._ violence beyond measure: excessive abuse: wanton
mischief.--_v.t._ to treat with excessive abuse: to injure by violence,
esp. to violate, to ravish.--_v.i._ to be guilty of outrage.--_adj._
OUTR[=A]'GEOUS, violent: furious: turbulent: atrocious: enormous,
immoderate.--_adv._ OUTR[=A]'GEOUSLY.--_n._ OUTR[=A]'GEOUSNESS. [O. Fr.
_oultrage_ (mod. _outrage_)--Low L. _ultragium_--L. _ultra_, beyond.]
OUTRANCE, owt'rans, _n._ the utmost extremity: the bitter end.--À OUTRANCE,
to the bitter end of a combat--usually in Eng. use, À L'OUTRANCE. [Fr.]
OUTRÉ, [=oo]t-r[=a]', _adj._ beyond what is customary or proper:
extravagant: overstrained. [Fr. pa.p. of _outrer_--_outre_--L. _ultra_,
beyond.]
OUTREACH, owt-r[=e]ch', _v.t._ to reach or extend beyond: to cheat or
overreach.
OUTREDDEN, owt-red'n, _v.t._ (_Tenn._) to grow redder than.
OUTREIGN, owt-r[=a]n', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to reign longer than: to reign
through the whole of (a period).
OUTREMER, [=oo]tr-m[=a]r', _n._ the region beyond sea. [Fr.]
OUTRIDE, owt-r[=i]d', _v.t._ to ride beyond: to ride faster than.--_n._
OUT'RIDER, one who rides abroad: a servant on horseback who attends a
carriage.
OUTRIGGER, owt'rig-[.e]r, _n._ a projecting spar for extending sails or any
part of the rigging: a projecting contrivance ending in a float fixed to
the side of a canoe against capsizing: an iron bracket fixed to the outside
of a boat carrying a rowlock at its extremity to increase the leverage of
the oar: a light racing-boat with projecting rowlocks.
OUTRIGHT, owt'r[=i]t, _adv._ immediately: at once: completely.--_adj._ free
from reserve: positive, undisguised.
OUTRIVAL, owt-r[=i]'val, _v.t._ to surpass, excel.
OUTROAD, owt'r[=o]d, _n._ (_obs._) a foray into an enemy's country, a
hostile attack--opp. to _Inroad_.
OUTROAR, owt-r[=o]r', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to exceed in roaring.--_n._
OUT'ROAR, an uproar.
OUTROOT, owt-r[=oo]t', _v.t._ to root out.
OUTROPER, owt-r[=o]'p[.e]r, _n._ formerly an officer in London who seized
the goods of foreigners sold elsewhere than in the public market.
OUTRUN, owt-run', _v.t._ to go beyond in running: to exceed: to get the
better of or to escape by running.--_n._ OUT'RUNNER.
OUTRUSH, owt-rush', _v.i._ to rush out:--_n._ a rushing out.
OUTSAIL, owt-s[=a]l', _v.t._ to leave behind in sailing.
OUTSCOLD, owt-sk[=o]ld', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to exceed in scolding.
OUTSCORN, owt-skorn', _v.t._ to bear down or confront by contempt: to
disregard or despise.
OUTSCOURING, owt'skowr-ing, _n._ substance washed or scoured out.
OUTSELL, owt-sel', _v.t._ to sell for a higher price than: to exceed in the
number or amount of sales.
OUT-SENTRY, owt'-sen-tri, _n._ a sentry who guards the entrance to a place
at a distance.--_n._ OUT'SCOUT, an advance scout.
OUTSET, owt'set, _n._ a setting out: beginning.--Also OUT'SETTING.
OUTSETTLEMENT, owt'set'l-ment, _n._ a settlement away from the main one.
OUTSHINE, owt-sh[=i]n', _v.i._ to shine out or forth.--_v.t._ to excel in
shining: to be brighter than.
OUTSHOT, owt'shot, _n._ (_Scot._) a projection in a building: (_pl._) in
paper-making, rags of second quality.
OUTSIDE, owt's[=i]d, _n._ the outer side: the farthest limit: the surface:
the exterior: one who is without, as a passenger on a coach, &c.: the outer
or soiled sheets of a package of paper.--_adj._ on the outside: exterior:
superficial: external: extreme, beyond the limit.--_adv._ on the outside:
not within.--_prep._ beyond.--_ns._ OUT'SIDE-CAR, an Irish jaunting-car;
OUT'SIDER, one not admitted to a particular company, profession, &c., a
stranger, a layman: a racehorse not included among the favourites in the
betting: (_pl._) a pair of nippers for turning a key in a keyhole from the
outside.--OUTSIDE COUNTRY, districts beyond the line of settlements in
Australia; OUTSIDE OF, outside: (_coll._) besides.--GET OUTSIDE OF
(_vulgar_), to comprehend: to eat or drink.
OUTSIGHT, owt's[=i]t, _n._ power of seeing things, outlook.--OUTSIGHT
PLENISHING (_Scot._), outdoor movables.
OUTSIT, owt-sit', _v.t._ to sit beyond the time of.
OUTSKIRT, owt'sk[.e]rt, _n._ the outer skirt: border: suburb--often used in
_pl._
OUTSLEEP, owt-sl[=e]p' _v.t._ (_Shak._) to sleep longer than.
OUTSLIDE, owt-sl[=i]d', _v.t._ to slide forward.
OUTSOAR, owt-s[=o]r', _v.t._ to soar beyond.
OUTSOLE, owt's[=o]l, _n._ the outer sole of a boot or shoe which rests on
the ground.
OUTSPAN, owt-span', _v.t._ and _v.i._ to unyoke or unharness draught-oxen,
&c., from a vehicle, to encamp--opp. to _Inspan_.
OUTSPEAK, owt-sp[=e]k', _v.t._ to say aloud: to speak more, louder, or
longer than.--_v.i._ to speak boldly, to speak up.--_adj._ OUTSP[=O]'KEN,
frank or bold of speech: uttered with boldness.--_n._ OUTSP[=O]'KENNESS.
OUTSPECKLE, owt'spek'l, _n._ (_Scot._) a laughing-stock.
OUTSPENT, owt-spent', _adj._ thoroughly tired out.
OUTSPORT, owt-sport', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to outdo in sporting.
OUTSPREAD, owt-spred', _v.t._ to spread out or over.--_adj._ OUTSPREAD'ING.
OUTSPRING, owt'spring, _n._ the outcome, result, or issue.
OUTSTAND, owt-stand', _v.t._ to resist or withstand: to stand beyond the
proper time.--_v.i._ to stand out or project from a mass: to remain unpaid
or unsettled in any way.--_adj._ OUTSTAND'ING, prominent: uncollected:
remaining unpaid.
OUTSTARE, owt'st[=a]r, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to stare down or abash with
effrontery.
OUTSTAY, owt-st[=a]', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to stay beyond.
OUTSTEP, owt-step', _v.t._ to step beyond, overstep.
OUTSTRETCH, owt-strech', _v.t._ to spread out, extend.
OUTSTRIKE, owt-str[=i]k', _v.t._ to exceed in striking, so as to overpower.
OUTSTRIP, owt-strip', _v.t._ to outrun: to leave behind: to escape beyond
one's reach.
OUTSUM, owt-sum', _v.t._ to outnumber.
OUTSWEAR, owt-sw[=a]r', _v.t._ to exceed in swearing.
OUTSWEETEN, owt-sw[=e]t'n, _v.t._ to excel in sweetness.
OUTSWELL, owt-swel', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to overflow.
OUTTALK, owt-tawk', _v.t._ to talk down.
OUTTONGUE, owt-tung', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to bear down by talk or noise.
OUTTOP, owt-top', _v.t._ to reach higher than: to excel.
OUT-TRAVEL, owt-trav'el, _v.t._ to surpass in travelling, to go more
swiftly than.
OUTVALUE, owt-val'[=u], _v.t._ to exceed in value.
OUTVENOM, owt-ven'um, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to exceed in poison.
OUTVIE, owt-v[=i]', _v.t._ to go beyond in vying with: to exceed: to
surpass.
OUTVILLAIN, owt-vil'[=a]n, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to exceed in villainy.
OUTVOICE, owt-vois', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to exceed in clamour or noise: to
drown the voice of.
OUTVOTE, owt-v[=o]t', _v.t._ to defeat by a greater number of votes.
OUTWALK, owt-wawk', _v.t._ to walk farther, longer, or faster than.
OUTWALL, owt'wawl, _n._ the outside wall of a building: (_Shak._) external
appearance.
OUTWARD, owt'ward, _adj._ toward the outside: external: exterior: not
inherent, adventitious: (_theol._) worldly, carnal--opp. to _Inward_ or
spiritual: (_B._) public.--_adv._ toward the exterior: away from port: to a
foreign port: superficially--also OUT'WARDS.--_n._ OUT'WARD (_Shak._),
external form: the outside.--_adj._ OUT'WARD-BOUND, bound outwards or to a
foreign port.--_adv._ OUT'WARDLY, in an outward manner: externally: in
appearance.--_n._ OUT'WARDNESS.--_adj._ OUT'WARD-SAINT'ED, appearing
outwardly to be a saint.
OUTWARD, owt-wawrd', _n._ a ward in a detached building connected with a
hospital.
OUTWATCH, owt-wawch', _v.t._ to watch longer than.
OUTWEAR, owt-w[=a]r', _v.t._ to wear out: to spend tediously: to last
longer than: to consume.
OUTWEARY, owt-w[=e]'ri, _v.t._ to weary out completely.
OUTWEED, owt-w[=e]d', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to root out.
OUTWEIGH, owt-w[=a]', _v.t._ to exceed in weight or importance: to
overtask.
OUTWELL, owt-wel', _v.t._ and _v.i._ to pour or well out.
OUTWENT, owt-went', _v.t._ went faster than, outstripped.
OUTWIN, owt-win', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to get out of.
OUTWIND, owt-w[=i]nd', _v.t._ to extricate by winding, to unloose.
OUTWING, owt-wing', _v.t._ to outstrip in flying: to outflank.
OUTWIT, owt-wit', _v.t._ to surpass in wit or ingenuity: to defeat by
superior ingenuity:--_pr.p._ outwit'ting; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ outwit'ted.
OUTWITH, owt'with, _prep._ (_Scot._), without, outside of.
OUTWORK, owt'wurk, _n._ a work outside the principal wall or line of
fortification: work done in the fields, out of doors, as distinguished from
indoor work.--_v.t._ OUTWORK' (_Shak._), to surpass in work or labour: to
work out or bring to an end: to finish.--_n._ OUT'WORKER, one who works out
of doors, or who takes away work to do at home.
OUTWORTH, owt-wurth', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to exceed in value.
OUTWREST, owt-rest', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to extort by violence.
OUVRAGE, [=oo]v'razh, _n._ work.--_ns._ (_masc._) OUVRIER ([=oo]v'ri-[=a]),
(_fem._) OUVRIÈRE ([=oo]v'ri-[=a]r), a working man or woman.--_adj._
working. [Fr.]
OUZEL, [=oo]'zl, _n._ a kind of thrush--also OU'SEL. [A.S. _ósle_; cog.
with Ger. _amsel_.]
OVAL, [=o]'val, _adj._ having the shape of an egg.--_n._ anything oval, a
plot of ground, &c.: an ellipse.--_adv._ O'VALLY. [Fr. _ovale_--L. _ovum_,
an egg.]
OVARY, [=o]'var-i, _n._ the part of the female animal in which the egg of
the offspring is formed, the female genital gland: (_bot._) the part of the
pistil which contains the seed.--_n.pl._ O'VA, eggs.--_adjs._ OV[=A]'RIAL,
OV[=A]'RIAN, of or pertaining to the ovary.--_ns._ OV[=A]'RI[=O]LE;
OVARIOT'OMIST; OVARIOT'OMY (_surg._), the removal of a diseased tumour from
the ovary.--_adj._ OV[=A]'RIOUS, consisting of eggs.--_n._ OVAR[=I]'TIS,
inflammation of the ovary. [Low L. _ovaria_.]
OVATE, [=o]'v[=a]t, _n._ an Eisteddfodic graduate who is neither a bard nor
a druid. [W. _ofydd_, a philosopher.]
OVATE, -D, [=o]'v[=a]t, -ed, _adj._ egg-shaped.
OVATION, [=o]-v[=a]'shun, _n._ an outburst of popular applause, an
enthusiastic reception: in ancient Rome, a lesser triumph.
[Fr.,--L.,--_ov[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to shout.]
OVEN, uv'n, _n._ an arched cavity over a fire for baking, heating, or
drying: any apparatus used as an oven.--_ns._ OV'EN-BIRD, a South American
tree-creeper which builds an oven-shaped nest; OV'EN-TIT, the
willow-warbler; OV'EN-WOOD, brushwood.--DUTCH OVEN, a baking-pot, heated by
heaping coals round it. [A.S. _ofen_; Ger. _ofen_.]
OVER, [=o]'v[.e]r, _prep._ higher than in place, rank, value, &c.: across:
on the surface of: upon the whole surface of: through: concerning: on
account of: longer than.--_adv._ on the top: above: across: from one side,
person, &c. to another: above in measure: too much: in excess: left
remaining: at an end: completely.--_adj._ upper or superior (often used as
a prefix, as in _over_coat, _over_lord, &c.): beyond: past.--_n._ the
number of balls delivered at cricket between successive changes of bowlers:
an excess, overplus.--_v.t._ to go, leap, or vault over.--_v.i._ to go
over.--OVER AGAIN, afresh, anew; OVER AGAINST, opposite; OVER AND ABOVE, in
addition to: besides; OVER AND OVER, several times: repeatedly; OVER HEAD
AND EARS, beyond one's depth: completely; OVER SEAS, to foreign lands.--All
over, completely: at an end. [A.S. _ofer_; Ger. _über_, L. _super_, Gr.
_huper_.]
OVERACT, [=o]-v[.e]r-akt', _v.t._ to act overmuch, to overdo any
part.--_v.i._ to act more than necessary.
OVER-ALL, [=o]'v[.e]r-awl, _adv._ (_Spens._) everywhere, all over.--_n.pl._
O'VERALLS, loose trousers of canvas, &c., worn over the others to keep them
sound or clean, waterproof leggings.
OVER-ANXIOUS, [=o]-v[.e]r-angk'shus, _adj._ anxious beyond what is right or
reasonable.--_n._ OVER-ANX[=I]'ETY.--_adv._ OVER-ANX'IOUSLY.
OVERARCH, [=o]-v[.e]r-ärch', _v.t._ to arch over.--_v.i._ to hang over like
an arch.
OVERAWE, [=o]-v[.e]r-aw', _v.t._ to restrain by fear or by superior
influence.
OVERBALANCE, [=o]-v[.e]r-bal'ans, _v.t._ to exceed in weight, value, or
importance: to cause to lose (one's) balance.--_n._ excess of weight or
value.
OVERBATTLE, [=o]-v[.e]r-bat'tl, _adj._ (_obs._) too fertile.
OVERBEAR, [=o]-v[.e]r-b[=a]r', _v.t._ to bear down or overpower: to
overwhelm.--_adj._ OVERBEAR'ING, inclined to domineer, esp. in manner or
conduct: haughty and dogmatical: imperious.--_adv._ OVERBEAR'INGLY.--_n._
OVERBEAR'INGNESS.
OVERBID, [=o]-v[.e]r-bid', _v.t._ to offer a price greater than.--_v.i._
offer more than the value of.
OVERBLOW, [=o]-v[.e]r-bl[=o]', _v.i._ to blow over or to be past its
violence: to blow with too much violence.--_v.t._ to blow away: to blow
across.--_adj._ OVERBLOWN', blown over or past, at an end: burnt by an
excessive blast, in the Bessemer steel process.
OVERBLOW, [=o]-v[.e]r-bl[=o]', _v.t._ to cover with blossoms or
flowers.--_adj._ OVERBLOWN', past the time of flower, withered.
OVERBOARD, [=o]'v[.e]r-b[=o]rd, _adv._ over the board or side: from on
board: out of a ship.--THROWN OVERBOARD, deserted, discarded, betrayed.
OVERBODY, [=o]-v[.e]r-bod'i, _v.t._ to give too much body to.
OVERBOIL, [=o]'v[.e]r-boil', _v.i._ and _v.t._ to boil excessively.
OVERBOLD, [=o]-v[.e]r-b[=o]ld', _adj._ (_Shak._) excessively bold:
impudent.--_adv._ OVERBOLD'LY.
OVERBRIDGE, [=o]'v[.e]r-brij, _n._ a bridge over a road.
OVERBRIM, [=o]-v[.e]r-brim', _v.t._ to fill to overflowing.--_v.i._ to be
so full as to overflow.--_adj._ OVERBRIMMED', having too large a brim.
OVERBROOD, [=o]-v[.e]r-br[=oo]d', _v.t._ to brood over.
OVERBROW, [=o]-v[.e]r-brow', _v.t._ to overhang like a projecting brow.
OVERBUILD, [=o]-v[.e]r-bild', _v.t._ to build over: to build more than is
needed.--_v.i._ to build beyond one's means.
OVERBULK, [=o]-v[.e]r-bulk', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to oppress by bulk.
OVERBURDEN, [=o]-v[.e]r-bur'dn, _v.t._ to burden overmuch.--_n._ alluvial
soil overlying a bed of ore.
OVERBURN, [=o]-v[.e]r-burn', _v.t._ to burn too much.--_v.i._ to be too
zealous.
OVERBUSY, [=o]-v[.e]r-biz'i, _adj._ too busy, over-officious.
OVERBUY, [=o]-v[.e]r-b[=i]', _v.t._ to buy at too dear a rate: to buy more
than is needed.
OVERBY, [=o]-v[.e]r-b[=i]', _adv._ a little way over--(_Scot._) OWERBY',
O'ERBY'.
OVERCANOPY, [=o]-v[.e]r-kan'o-pi, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to cover as with a
canopy.
OVERCAREFUL, [=o]-v[.e]r-k[=a]r'fool, _adj._ careful to excess.
OVERCARRY, [=o]-v[.e]r-kar'i, _v.t._ to carry too far, to go
beyond.--_v.i._ to go to excess.
OVERCAST, [=o]-v[.e]r-kast', _v.t._ to cast over: to cloud: to cover with
gloom: to sew over or stitch the edges (of a piece of cloth)
slightly.--_v.i._ to grow dull or cloudy.--_n._ OVERCAST'ING, the action of
the verb overcast: in bookbinding, a method of oversewing single leaves in
hem-stitch style to give the pliability of folded double leaves.
OVERCATCH, [=o]-v[.e]r-kach', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to overtake.
OVERCHARGE, [=o]-v[.e]r-chärj', _v.t._ to load with too great a charge: to
charge too great a price.--_n._ O'VERCHARGE, an excessive load or burden:
too great a charge, as of gunpowder or of price.
OVERCHECK, [=o]-v[.e]r-chek', _n._ a check-rein passing over a horse's head
between the ears.
OVERCLOUD, [=o]-v[.e]r-klowd', _v.t._ to cover over with clouds: to cause
gloom or sorrow to.
OVERCLOY, [=o]-v[.e]r-kloi', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to fill beyond satiety.
OVERCOAT, [=o]'v[.e]r-k[=o]t, _n._ an outdoor coat worn over all the other
dress, a top-coat.--_n._ O'VERCOATING, cloth from which such is made.
OVERCOLD, [=o]'v[.e]r-k[=o]ld, _adj._ too cold.
OVERCOLOUR, [=o]-v[.e]r-kul'ur, _v.t._ to colour to excess, to exaggerate.
OVERCOME, [=o]-v[.e]r-kum', _v.t._ to get the better of: to conquer or
subdue: (_obs._) to spread over, surcharge.--_v.i._ to be victorious.
OVER-CONFIDENT, [=o]-v[.e]r-kon'fi-dent, _adj._ too confident.--_n._
OVER-CON'FIDENCE.--_adv._ OVER-CON'FIDENTLY.
OVERCOUNT, [=o]-v[.e]r-kownt', _v.t._ to outnumber.
OVERCOVER, [=o]-v[.e]r-kuv'[.e]r, _v.t._ to cover completely.
OVERCREDULOUS, [=o]-v[.e]r-kred'[=u]-lus, _adj._ too easily persuaded to
believe.
OVERCROW, [=o]-v[.e]r-kr[=o]', _v.t._ to crow over, insult.
OVERCROWD, [=o]-v[.e]r-krowd', _v.t._ to fill or crowd to excess.
OVERDARING, [=o]-v[.e]r-d[=a]r'ing, _adj._ foolhardy.
OVERDATE, [=o]'v[.e]r-d[=a]t, _v.t._ to post-date.
OVER-DEVELOP, [=o]-v[.e]r-de-vel'op, _v.t._ in photography, to develop a
plate too much, as by too long a process or by too strong a
developer.--_n._ OVER-DEVEL'OPMENT.
OVERDIGHT, [=o]-v[.e]r-d[=i]t', _adj._ (_Spens._) dight or covered over:
overspread.
OVERDO, [=o]-v[.e]r-d[=oo]', _v.t._ to do overmuch: to carry too far: to
harass, to fatigue: to cook too much: to excel.--_n._ OVERDO'ER.--_adj._
OVERDONE', overacted: fatigued: cooked too much.
OVERDOSE, [=o]-v[.e]r-d[=o]s', _v.t._ to dose overmuch.--_n._ an excessive
dose.
OVERDRAW, [=o]-v[.e]r-draw', _v.t._ to draw overmuch: to draw beyond one's
credit: to exaggerate.--_n._ O'VERDRAFT, the act of overdrawing, the amount
by which the cheque, &c., exceeds the sum against which it is drawn: a
current of air passing over, not through, the ignited fuel in a furnace: an
arrangement of flues by which the kiln is heated from the top toward the
bottom--also O'VERDRAUGHT.
OVERDRESS, [=o]-v[.e]r-dres', _v.t._ to dress too ostentatiously.--_n._
O'VERDRESS, any garment worn over another.
OVERDRIVE, [=o]-v[.e]r-dr[=i]v', _v.t._ to drive too hard.
OVERDROP, [=o]-v[.e]r-drop', _v.t._ to drop over: to overhang.
OVERDUE, [=o]-v[.e]r-d[=u]', _adj._ due beyond the time: unpaid at the
right time.
OVERDYE, [=o]-v[.e]r-d[=i]', _v.t._ to dye too deeply.
OVEREARNEST, [=o]'v[.e]r-[.e]r'nest, _adj._ too earnest.
OVEREAT, [=o]-v[.e]r-[=e]t', _v.t._ to surfeit with eating (generally
reflexive): (_Shak._) to eat over again.
OVERENTREAT, [=o]-v[.e]r-en-tr[=e]t', _v.t._ to entreat to excess.
OVERESTIMATE, [=o]-v[.e]r-es'tim-[=a]t, _v.t._ to estimate too
highly.--_n._ an excessive estimate.--_n._ OVERESTIM[=A]'TION.
OVEREXCITE, [=o]'v[.e]r-ek-s[=i]t', _v.t._ to excite unduly.--_n._
OVEREXCITE'MENT.
OVER-EXERTION, [=o]'v[.e]r-eg-z[.e]r'shun, _n._ too great exertion.
OVER-EXPOSURE, [=o]'v[.e]r-eks-p[=o]'zh[=u]r, _n._ excessive exposure:
(_photography_) the exposure to light for too long a time of the sensitive
plate.--_v.t._ OVER-EXPOSE'.
OVER-EXQUISITE, [=o]'v[.e]r-eks'kwi-zit, _adj._ excessively exquisite: over
exact or nice: too careful.
OVEREYE, [=o]-v[=e]r-[=i]', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to overlook or superintend:
(_Shak._) to observe or remark.
OVERFALL, [=o]'v[.e]r-fawl, _n._ a rippling or race in the sea, where, by
the peculiarities of bottom, the water is propelled with immense force,
esp. when the wind and tide, or current, set strongly together.
OVERFAR, [=o]-v[.e]r-fär', _adv._ (_Shak._) to too great an extent.
OVERFAST, [=o]-v[.e]r-fast', _adj._ too fast: at too great speed.
OVERFEED, [=o]-v[.e]r-f[=e]d', _v.t._ and _v.i._ to feed to excess.
OVERFILL, [=o]-v[.e]r-fil', _v.t._ to fill to excess.
OVERFINENESS, [=o]'v[.e]r-f[=i]n'nes, _n._ excessive fineness.
OVERFIRED, [=o]-v[.e]r-f[=i]rd', _adj._ overheated in firing.
OVERFISH, [=o]-v[.e]r-fish', _v.t._ to fish to excess: to diminish unduly
the stock of fish.
OVERFLOURISH, [=o]'v[.e]r-flur'ish, _v.t._ to make excessive flourish of:
to decorate superficially.
OVERFLOW, [=o]-v[.e]r-fl[=o]', _v.t._ to flow over: to flood: to overwhelm:
to cover, as with numbers.--_v.i._ to run over: to abound.--_n._ O'VERFLOW,
a flowing over: that which flows over: a pipe or channel for spare water,
&c.: an inundation: superabundance: abundance: copiousness.--_adj._ flowing
over: over full: abundant.--_adj._ OVERFLOW'ING, exuberant, very
abundant.--_adv._ OVERFLOW'INGLY.--OVERFLOW MEETING, a supplementary
meeting of those unable to find room in the main meeting.
OVERFLY, [=o]'v[.e]r-fl[=i]', _v.t._ to soar beyond.
OVERFOLD, [=o]'v[.e]r-f[=o]ld, _n._ (_geol._) a reflexed or inverted fold
in strata.
OVERFOND, [=o]-v[.e]r-fond', _adj._ fond to excess.--_adv._ OVERFOND'LY.
OVERFORWARD, [=o]-v[.e]r-for'wärd, _adj._ too forward or officious.--_n._
OVERFOR'WARDNESS.
OVERFREIGHT, [=o]-v[.e]r-fr[=a]t', _v.t._ to overload.
OVERFULL, [=o]-v[.e]r-fool', _adj._ (_Shak._) too full.--_n._
OVERFULL'NESS.
OVERGAZE, [=o]-v[.e]r-g[=a]z', _v.t._ to gaze or look over.
OVERGET, [=o]-v[.e]r-get', _v.t._ (_obs._) to reach, overtake: to get over.
OVERGIVE, [=o]-v[.e]r-giv', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to give over or
surrender.--_v.i._ to give too lavishly.
OVERGLANCE, [=o]-v[.e]r-glans', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to look hastily over.
OVERGLAZE, [=o]-v[.e]r-gl[=a]z', _v.t._ to glaze over: decorate
superficially.--_adj._ suitable for painting on glazed articles.--_n._
O'VERGLAZE, an additional glaze given to porcelain, &c.
OVERGLOOM, [=o]-v[.e]r-gl[=oo]m', _v.t._ to cover with gloom.
OVERGO, [=o]-v[.e]r-g[=o]', _v.t._ to exceed: excel: to go over: to
cover.--_v.i._ to go over: to pass away.
OVERGORGE, [=o]-v[.e]r-gorj', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to gorge to excess.
OVERGRAIN, [=o]-v[.e]r-gr[=a]n', _v.t._ and _v.i._ to grain over a surface
already grained.--_n._ OVERGRAIN'ER, a long-bristled brush used in graining
wood.
OVERGRASSED, [=o]-v[.e]r-grast', _adj._ (_Spens._) overstocked or overgrown
with grass.
OVERGREEDY, [=o]-v[.e]r-gr[=e]d'i, _adj._ excessively greedy.
OVERGREEN, [=o]-v[.e]r-gr[=e]n', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to cover over so as to
hide blemishes.
OVERGROUND, [=o]'v[.e]r-grownd, _adj._ being above ground.
OVERGROW, [=o]-v[.e]r-gr[=o]', _v.t._ to grow beyond: to rise above: to
cover with growth.--_v.i._ to grow beyond the proper size.--_adj._
OVERGROWN', grown beyond the natural size.--_n._ O'VERGROWTH.
OVERHAIL, [=o]-v[.e]r-h[=a]l', _v.t._ Same as OVERHAUL.
OVERHAIR, [=o]'v[.e]r-h[=a]r, _n._ the long hair overlying the fur of many
animals.
OVERHAND, [=o]'v[.e]r-hand, _adj._ having the hand raised above the elbow
or over the ball at cricket (also O'VERHANDED): above the shoulder at
baseball: (_min._) done from below upward.--_adv._ with the hand over the
object.--_v.t._ to sew over and over.
OVERHANDLE, [=o]-v[.e]r-han'dl, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to handle or mention too
often.
OVERHANG, [=o]-v[.e]r-hang', _v.t._ to hang over: to project over: to
impend: to overlade with ornamentation.--_v.i._ to hang over.--_n._
O'VERHANG, a projecting part, the degree of projection, of roofs,
&c.--_adj._ OVERHUNG', covered over, adorned with hangings.
OVERHAPPY, [=o]-v[.e]r-hap'i, _adj._ excessively or too happy.
OVERHASTY, [=o]-v[.e]r-h[=a]s'ti, _adj._ too hasty or rash.--_adv._
OVERHAS'TILY.--_n._ OVERHAS'TINESS.
OVERHAUL, [=o]-v[.e]r-hawl', _v.t._ to haul or draw over: to turn over for
examination: to examine: to re-examine: (_naut._) to overtake in a
chase.--_n._ O'VERHAUL, a hauling over: examination: repair.--OVERHAUL A
SHIP, to overtake a ship: to search her for contraband goods.
OVERHEAD, [=o]'v[.e]r-hed, _adv._ over the head: aloft: in the zenith: per
head.--_adj._ situated above.
OVERHEAR, [=o]-v[.e]r-h[=e]r', _v.t._ to hear what was not intended to be
heard: to hear by accident: (_Shak._) to hear over again.
OVERHEAT, [=o]-v[.e]r-h[=e]t', _v.t._ to heat to excess.--_n._ O'VERHEAT,
extreme heat.
OVERHEND, [=o]-v[.e]r-hend', _v.t._ (_Spens._) to overtake.
OVERHOLD, [=o]-v[.e]r-h[=o]ld', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to overvalue.
OVERHOURS, [=o]'v[.e]r-owrz, _n.pl._ time beyond the regular number of
hours: overtime in labour.
OVERHOUSE, [=o]'v[.e]r-hows, _adj._ stretched along the roofs, rather than
on poles or underground.
OVERINFORM, [=o]-v[.e]r-in-form', _v.t._ to animate too much.
OVERISSUE, [=o]-v[.e]r-ish'[=u], _v.t._ to issue in excess, as bank-notes
or bills of exchange.--_n._ O'VERISSUE, any excessive issue.
OVERJOY, [=o]-v[.e]r-joi', _v.t._ to fill with great joy: to transport with
delight or gladness.--_n._ O'VERJOY, joy to excess: transport.
OVERJUMP, [=o]-v[.e]r-jump', _v.t._ to jump beyond: to pass by: neglect.
OVERKIND, [=o]-v[.e]r-k[=i]nd', _adj._ excessively kind.--_n._
OVERKIND'NESS.
OVERKING, [=o]'v[.e]r-king, _n._ a king holding sway over inferior kings or
princes.
OVERKNEE, [=o]'v[.e]r-n[=e], _adj._ reaching above the knee, as waders, &c.
OVERLABOUR, [=o]-v[.e]r-l[=a]'bur, _v.t._ to labour excessively over: to be
too nice with: to overwork.
OVERLADE, [=o]-v[.e]r-l[=a]d', _v.t._ to load with too great a burden.
OVERLAID, [=o]-v[.e]r-l[=a]d', _adj._ (_her._) lapping over.
OVERLAND, [=o]'v[.e]r-land, _adj._ passing entirely or principally by land,
as a route, esp. that from England to India by the Suez Canal, rather than
by the Cape of Good Hope.
OVERLAP, [=o]-v[.e]r-lap', _v.t._ to lap over: to lay so that the edge of
one rests on that of another.--_n._ O'VERLAP (_geol._), a disposition of
strata where the upper beds extend beyond the bottom beds of the same
series.
OVERLAUNCH, [=o]-v[.e]r-lawnsh', _v.t._ to unite timbers by long splices or
scarfs.
OVERLAY, [=o]-v[.e]r-l[=a]', _v.t._ to spread over or across: to cover
completely: to smother by lying on (for _overlie_): to use overlays in
printing: to cloud: to overwhelm or oppress: to span by means of a
bridge.--_ns._ O'VERLAY, a piece of paper pasted on the impression-surface
of a printing-press, so as to increase the impression in a place where it
is too faint: (_Scot._) a cravat; OVERLAY'ING, a superficial covering: that
which overlays: plating.
OVERLEAF, [=o]'v[.e]r-l[=e]f, _adv._ on the other side of the leaf of a
book.
OVERLEAP, [=o]-v[.e]r-l[=e]p', _v.t._ to leap over: to pass over without
notice.--OVERLEAP ONE'S SELF, to make too much effort in leaping: to leap
too far.
OVERLEATHER, [=o]'v[.e]r-leth-[.e]r, _n._ (_Shak._) the upper part of a
shoe or boot.
OVERLEAVEN, [=o]-v[.e]r-lev'n, _v.t._ to leaven too much: to mix too much
with.
OVERLIE, [=o]-v[.e]r-l[=i]', _v.t._ to lie above or upon: to smother by
lying on.
OVERLIVE, [=o]-v[.e]r-liv', _v.t._ (_B._) to live longer than: to
survive.--_v.i._ to live too long: to live too fast, or so as prematurely
to exhaust the fund of life.
OVERLOAD, [=o]-v[.e]r-l[=o]d', _v.t._ to load or fill overmuch.--_n._ an
excessive load.
OVERLOCK, [=o]-v[.e]r-lok', _v.t._ to make the bolt of a lock go too far.
OVERLONG, [=o]-v[.e]r-long', _adj._ too long.
OVERLOOK, [=o]-v[.e]r-look', _v.t._ to look over: to see from a higher
position: to view carefully: to neglect by carelessness or inadvertence: to
pass by without punishment: to pardon: to slight: to bewitch by looking
upon with the Evil Eye.--_n._ OVERLOOK'ER.
OVERLORD, [=o]-v[.e]r-lawrd', _n._ a lord over other lords: a feudal
superior.--_n._ OVERLORD'SHIP.
OVERLUSTY, [=o]-v[.e]r-lust'i, _adj._ (_Shak._) too lusty.
OVERLY, [=o]'v[.e]r-li, _adv._ (_coll._) excessively, too.
OVERLYING, [=o]'v[.e]r-l[=i]'ing, _adj._ lying on the top.
OVERMAN, [=o]'v[.e]r-man, _n._ in mining, the person in charge of the work
below ground.
OVERMAN, [=o]-v[.e]r-man', _v.t._ to keep more men than necessary on a
ship, farm, &c.
OVERMANTEL, [=o]'v[.e]r-man-tl, _n._ a frame containing shelves and other
decorations, and often a mirror, set on a mantel-shelf.
OVERMASTED, [=o]-v[.e]r-mast'ed, _adj._ furnished with a mast or masts too
long or too heavy.
OVERMASTER, [=o]-v[.e]r-mas't[.e]r, _v.t._ to subdue, to govern: to get and
keep in one's power.
OVERMATCH, [=o]-v[.e]r-mach', _v.t._ to be more than a match for: to
conquer.--_n._ O'VERMATCH, one who is more than a match: one who cannot be
overcome.
OVERMEASURE, [=o]'v[.e]r-mezh-[=u]r, _n._ something given over the due
measure.--_v.t._ to measure too largely.
OVERMELLOW, [=o]-v[.e]r-mel'l[=o], _adj._ (_Tenn._) excessively or too
mellow.
OVERMOUNT, [=o]-v[.e]r-mownt', _v.t._ to surmount: to go higher than.--_n._
O'VERMOUNT, a piece of cardboard cut in proper shape, to prevent the glass
of the frame from lying too closely upon an engraving or a picture.
OVERMUCH, [=o]-v[.e]r-much', _adj._ and _adv._ too much.
OVERMULTITUDE, [=o]-v[.e]r-mul'ti-t[=u]d, _v.t._ (_Milt._) to
outnumber.--_v.t._ OVERMUL'TIPLY, to repeat too often.--_v.i._ to increase
to excess.
OVERNAME, [=o]-v[.e]r-n[=a]m', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to name over: to name in a
series, to recount.--_n._ O'VERNAME, a surname, nickname.
OVERNEAT, [=o]-v[.e]r-n[=e]t', _adj._ unnecessarily neat.
OVERNET, [=o]-v[.e]r-net', _v.t._ to cover with a net.
OVERNICE, [=o]-v[.e]r-n[=i]s', _adj._ fastidious.--_adv._ OVERNICE'LY.
OVERNIGHT, [=o]'v[.e]r-n[=i]t, _n._ the forepart of the evening, esp. that
of the day just past.--_adv._ during the night: on the evening of the day
just past.
OVEROFFICE, [=o]-v[.e]r-of'is, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to lord it over by virtue
of an office.
OVERPART, [=o]-v[.e]r-part' _v.t._ to assign too difficult a part to.
OVERPASS, [=o]-v[.e]r-pas', _v.t._ to pass over: to pass by without
notice.--_pa.p._ OVERPAST' (_B._), that has already passed.
OVERPAY, [=o]-v[.e]r-p[=a]', _v.t._ to pay too much: to be more than an
ample reward for.--_n._ OVERPAY'MENT.
OVERPEER, [=o]-v[.e]r-p[=e]r', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to overlook: to look down
on: to hover above.
OVERPEOPLE, [=o]-v[.e]r-p[=e]'pl, _v.t._ to fill with too many
inhabitants.--Also OVERPOP'ULATE.
OVERPERCH, [=o]-v[.e]r-p[.e]rch', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to perch or fly over.
OVERPERSUADE, [=o]-v[.e]r-p[.e]r-sw[=a]d', _v.t._ to persuade a person
against his inclination.
OVERPICTURE, [=o]-v[.e]r-pik't[=u]r, _v.t._ to exceed the picture of: to
exaggerate.
OVERPLATE, [=o]'v[.e]r-pl[=a]t, _n._ in armour, a large pauldron protecting
the shoulder, or a cubitière protecting the elbow.
OVERPLUS, [=o]'v[.e]r-plus, _n._ that which is more than enough: surplus.
OVERPLY, [=o]-v[.e]r-pl[=i]', _v.t._ to ply to excess.
OVERPOISE, [=o]'v[.e]r-poiz, _v.t._ to outweigh.--_n._ O'VERPOISE, a weight
sufficient to weigh another down.
OVERPOST, [=o]-v[.e]r-post', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to hasten over quickly.
OVERPOWER, [=o]-v[.e]r-pow'[.e]r, _v.t._ to have or gain power over: to
subdue, defeat: to overwhelm.--_adj._ OVERPOW'ERING, excessive in degree or
amount: irresistible.--_adv._ OVERPOW'ERINGLY.
OVERPRAISE, [=o]-v[.e]r-pr[=a]z', _v.t._ to praise too much.--_n._
OVERPRAIS'ING, excessive praise.
OVERPRESS, [=o]-v[.e]r-pres', _v.t._ to overwhelm, to crush: to overcome by
importunity.--_n._ OVERPRESS'URE, excessive pressure.
OVERPRIZE, [=o]-v[.e]r-pr[=i]z', _v.t._ to value too highly: to surpass in
value.
OVERPRODUCTION, [=o]'v[.e]r-pro-duk-shun, _n._ the act of producing a
supply of commodities in excess of the demand.
OVERPROOF, [=o]'v[.e]r-proof, _adj._ containing more than a certain amount
of alcohol, stronger than proof-spirit, the standard by which all mixtures
of alcohol and water are judged--containing 57.27 per cent. by volume, and
49.50 per cent. by weight, of alcohol.
OVERPROUD, [=o]-v[.e]r-prowd', _adj._ too proud.
OVERPURCHASE, [=o]-v[.e]r-pur'ch[=a]s, _n._ a dear bargain.--_v.i._
(_obs._) to pay too dear a price.
OVERRACK, [=o]-v[.e]r-rak', _v.t._ to torture beyond bearing.
OVERRAKE, [=o]-v[.e]r-r[=a]k', _v.t._ to sweep over, as a vessel by a wave.
OVERRANK, [=o]-v[.e]r-rangk', _adj._ too rank or luxurious.
OVERRATE, [=o]-v[.e]r-r[=a]t', _v.t._ to rate or value too high.--_n._
O'VERRATE, an excessive estimate or rate.
OVERREACH, [=o]-v[.e]r-r[=e]ch', _v.t._ to reach or extend beyond: to cheat
or get the better of.--_v.i._ to strike the hindfoot against the forefoot,
as a horse.
OVERREAD, [=o]-v[.e]r-r[=e]d', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to read over, to
peruse.--_adj._ OVERREAD ([=o]-v[.e]r-red'), having read too much.
OVER-RECKON, [=o]-v[.e]r-rek'n, _v.t._ and _v.i._ to compute too highly.
OVERRED, [=o]-v[.e]r-red', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to smear with a red colour.
OVERREFINE, [=o]-v[.e]r-r[=e]-f[=i]n', _v.i._ to refine too much.--_n._
OVERREFINE'MENT, any over subtle or affected refinement.
OVERRENT, [=o]-v[.e]r-rent', _v.i._ to exact too high a rent.
OVERRIDE, [=o]-v[.e]r-r[=i]d', _v.t._ to ride too much: to pass on
horseback: to trample down or set aside.--OVERRIDE ONE'S COMMISSION, to act
with too high a hand: to stretch one's authority too far.
OVERRIPEN, [=o]-v[.e]r-r[=i]p'n, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to make too ripe.--_adj._
OVERRIPE', too ripe, more than ripe.
OVERROAST, [=o]-v[=e]r-r[=o]st', _v.t._ to roast too much.
OVERRULE, [=o]-v[.e]r-r[=oo]l', _v.t._ to rule over: to influence or to set
aside by greater power: (_law_) to reject or declare to be invalid.--_v.i._
to prevail.--_n._ OVERRUL'ER.--_adv._ OVERRUL'INGLY.
OVERRUN, [=o]-v[.e]r-run', _v.t._ to run or spread over: to grow over: to
spread over and take possession of: to crush down: (_B._) to run faster
than: to pass in running: to extend composed types beyond their first
limit.--_v.i._ to run over: to extend beyond the right length, as a line or
page in printing.--_n._ OVERRUN'NER, one that overruns.
OVERSCORE, [=o]-v[.e]r-sk[=o]r', _v.t._ to score or draw lines over
anything: to erase by this means.
OVERSCRUPULOUS, [=o]-v[.e]r-skroop'[=u]-lus, _adj._ scrupulous to
excess.--_n._ OVERSCRUP'ULOUSNESS.
OVERSCUTCHED, [=o]-v[.e]r-skucht', _adj._ (_Shak._) over switched or
whipped, or more probably worn out in the service.
OVERSEA, [=o]'v[.e]r-s[=e], _adj._ foreign, from beyond the sea.--_adv._ to
a place beyond the sea, abroad.--Also O'VERSEAS.
OVERSEAM, [=o]'v[.e]r-s[=e]m, _n._ a seam in which the thread is at each
stitch passed over the edges sewn together.--_n._ O'VERSEAMING, the
foregoing kind of sewing.
OVERSEE, [=o]-v[.e]r-s[=e]', _v.t._ to see or look over, to
superintend.--_n._ OVERS[=E]'ER, one who oversees: a superintendent: an
officer who has the care of the poor, and other duties, such as making out
lists of voters, of persons who have not paid rates, &c.: one who manages a
plantation of slaves: (_obs._) a critic.--OVERSEERS OF THE POOR, officers
in England who manage the poor-rate.--BE OVERSEEN (_obs._), to be deceived:
to be fuddled.
OVERSELL, [=o]-v[.e]r-sel', _v.t._ and _v.i._ to sell too dear: to sell
more than exists, of stock, &c.
OVERSET, [=o]-v[.e]r-set', _v.t._ to set or turn over: to upset: to
overthrow.--_v.i._ to turn or be turned over.
OVERSHADE, [=o]-v[.e]r-sh[=a]d', _v.t._ to throw a shade over.
OVERSHADOW, [=o]-v[.e]r-shad'[=o], _v.t._ to throw a shadow over: to
shelter or protect.
OVERSHINE, [=o]-v[.e]r-sh[=i]n', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to shine upon, illumine:
to outshine.
OVERSHOE, [=o]'v[.e]r-sh[=oo], _n._ a shoe, esp. of waterproof, worn over
another.
OVERSHOOT, [=o]-v[.e]r-sh[=oo]t', _v.t._ to shoot over or beyond, as a
mark: to pass swiftly over.--_v.i._ to shoot or fly beyond the
mark.--_adj._ O'VERSHOT, having the water falling on it from above, as a
water-wheel: surpassed: fuddled.--OVERSHOOT ONE'S SELF, to venture too far,
to overreach one's self.
OVERSIDE, [=o]-v[.e]r-s[=i]d', _adj._ acting over the side.--_adv._ over
the side.
OVERSIGHT, [=o]'v[.e]r-s[=i]t, _n._ a failing to notice: mistake: omission:
(_orig._) superintendence.
OVERSIZE, [=o]-v[.e]r-s[=i]z', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to cover with any gluey
matter: to plaster over.
OVERSKIP, [=o]-v[.e]r-skip', _v.t._ to skip, leap, or pass over: (_Shak._)
to fail to see or find: to escape.
OVERSLAUGH, [=o]-v[.e]r-slaw', _v.t._ (_U.S._) to pass over in favour of
another: to supersede: to hinder: to oppress. [Dut. _overslaan_ (cf. Ger.
_überschlagen_), to skip over.]
OVERSLEEP, [=o]-v[.e]r-sl[=e]p', _v.t._ and _v.i._ to sleep beyond one's
usual time.
OVERSLIP, [=o]-v[.e]r-slip', _v.t._ to pass without notice.
OVERSMAN, [=o]'v[.e]rz-man, _n._ an overseer: (_Scot._) an umpire appointed
to decide between the differing judgment of two arbiters.
OVERSOUL, [=o]'v[.e]r-s[=o]l, _n._ the divine principle forming the
spiritual unity of all being.
OVERSOW, [=o]-v[.e]r-s[=o]', _v.t._ to sow too much seed on: to sow over.
OVERSPENT, [=o]-v[.e]r-spent', _adj._ excessively fatigued.
OVERSPREAD, [=o]-v[.e]r-spred', _v.t._ to spread over: to scatter
over.--_v.i._ to be spread over.
OVERSTAIN, [=o]-v[.e]r-st[=a]n', _v.t._ to besmear the surface of.
OVERSTAND, [=o]-v[.e]r-stand', _v.t._ to stand too strictly on the
conditions of.
OVERSTARE, [=o]-v[.e]r-st[=a]r', _v.t._ to outstare.
OVERSTATE, [=o]-v[.e]r-st[=a]t', to state over and above: to
exaggerate.--_n._ OVERSTATE'MENT.
OVERSTAY, [=o]-v[.e]r-st[=a]', _v.t._ to stay too long.
OVERSTEP, [=o]-v[.e]r-step', _v.t._ to step beyond: to exceed.
OVERSTOCK, [=o]-v[.e]r-stok', _v.t._ to stock overmuch: to fill too
full.--_n._ superabundance.
OVERSTRAIN, [=o]v[.e]r-str[=a]n', _v.t._ and _v.i._ to strain or stretch
too far.--_n._ too great strain.--_adj._ OVERSTRAINED', strained to excess:
exaggerated.
OVERSTREAM, [=o]-v[.e]r-str[=e]m', _v.t._ to stream or flow over.
OVERSTRETCH, [=o]-v[.e]r-strech', _v.t._ to stretch to excess: to
exaggerate.
OVERSTREW, [=o]-v[.e]r-str[=oo]', _v.t._ to scatter over.
OVERSTRUNG, [=o]-v[.e]r-strung', _adj._ too highly strung.
OVERSUPPLY, [=o]'v[.e]r-sup-pl[=i], _n._ an excessive supply.
OVERSWAY, [=o]-v[.e]r-sw[=a]', _v.t._ to overrule, to bear down.
OVERSWELL, [=o]-v[.e]r-swel', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to swell or rise above: to
overflow.
OVERT, [=o]'v[.e]rt, _adj._ open to view: public: apparent.--_adv._
O'VERTLY.--OVERT ACT, something actually done in execution of a criminal
intent.--MARKET OVERT, open or public market. [Fr. _ouvert_, pa.p. of
_ouvrir_, to open; acc. to Diez, from O. Fr. _a-ovrir_, through Prov.
_adubrir_, from L. _de-oper[=i]re_, to uncover--_de_=un-, and _oper[=i]re_,
to cover; acc. to Littré, from L. _oper[=i]re_, to cover, confounded in
meaning with _aper[=i]re_, to open.]
OVERTAKE, [=o]-v[.e]r-t[=a]k', _v.t._ to come up with: to catch: to come
upon: to take by surprise.--_p.adj._ OVERT[=A]'KEN, fuddled.
OVERTASK, [=o]-v[.e]r-task', _v.t._ to task overmuch: to impose too heavy a
task on.
OVERTAX, [=o]-v[.e]r-taks', _v.t._ to tax overmuch.
OVERTEDIOUS, [=o]-v[.e]r-t[=e]'di-us, _adj._ (_Shak._) too tedious.
OVERTHROW, [=o]-v[.e]r-thr[=o]', _v.t._ to throw down: to upset: to bring
to an end: to demolish: to defeat utterly.--_ns._ O'VERTHROW, act of
overthrowing or state of being overthrown: ruin: defeat: a throwing of a
ball beyond the player; O'VERTHROWER.
OVERTHRUST, [=o]'v[.e]r-thrust, _adj._ (_geol._) belonging to earlier
strata, pushed by faulting over later and higher strata.
OVERTHWART, [=o]-v[.e]r-thwawrt', _v.t._ to lie athwart: to cross.--_adj._
opposite, transverse: contrary, perverse.--_prep_. across, on the other
side of.
OVERTILT, [=o]-v[.e]r-tilt', _v.t._ to upset.
OVERTIME, [=o]'v[.e]r-t[=i]m, _n._ time employed in working beyond the
regular hours.
OVERTOIL, [=o]-v[.e]r-toil', _v.i._ to overwork one's self.
OVERTONE, [=o]'v[.e]r-t[=o]n, _n._ a harmonic, because heard above its
fundamental tone.
OVERTOP, [=o]-v[.e]r-top', _v.t._ to rise over the top of: to make of less
importance: to surpass: to obscure.
OVERTOWER, [=o]-v[.e]r-tow'er, _v.t._ to tower above.--_v.i._ to soar too
high.
OVERTRADE, [=o]-v[.e]r-tr[=a]d', _v.i._ to trade overmuch or beyond
capital: to buy in more than can be sold or paid for.--_n._ OVERTRAD'ING,
the buying of a greater amount of goods than one can sell or pay for.
OVERTRIP, [=o]-v[.e]r-trip', _v.t._ to trip nimbly over.
OVERTURE, [=o]'v[.e]r-t[=u]r, _n._ a proposal, an offer for acceptance or
rejection: (_mus._) a piece introductory to a greater piece or ballet: a
discovery or disclosure: the method in Presbyterian usage of beginning
legislation and maturing opinion by sending some proposition from the
presbyteries to the General Assembly, and _vice versâ_, also the proposal
so sent.--_v.t._ to lay a proposal before. [Fr.]
OVERTURN, [=o]-v[.e]r-turn', _v.t._ to throw down or over: to subvert: to
conquer: to ruin.--_ns._ O'VERTURN, state of being overturned; OVERTURN'ER.
OVERVALUE, [=o]-v[.e]r-val'l[=u], _v.t._ to set too high a value on.--_n._
OVERVALU[=A]'TION, an overestimate.
OVERVEIL, [=o]-v[.e]r-v[=a]l', _v.t._ to veil or cover.
OVERVIEW, [=o]'v[.e]r-v[=u], _n._ (_Shak._) an inspection.
OVERWASH, [=o]'v[.e]r-wawsh, _adj._ (_geol._) carried by glacier-streams
over a frontal moraine, or formed of material so carried.
OVERWATCH, [=o]-v[.e]r-wawch', _v.t._ to watch excessively: to overcome
with long want of rest.
OVERWEAR, [=o]-v[.e]r-w[=a]r', _v.t._ to wear out: to outwear,
outlive.--_n._ O'VERWEAR, clothes for wearing out of doors.
OVERWEATHER, [=o]-v[.e]r-weth'[.e]r, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to batter by violence
of weather.
OVERWEEN, [=o]-v[.e]r-w[=e]n', _v.i._ (_Shak._) to think too highly or
favourably, esp. of one's self.--_adj._ OVERWEEN'ING, thinking too highly
of: conceited, vain.--_n._ conceit: presumption.--_adv._ OVERWEEN'INGLY.
OVERWEIGH, [=o]-v[.e]r-w[=a]', _v.t._ to be heavier than: to
outweigh.--_n._ O'VERWEIGHT, weight beyond what is required or what is
just.--_v.t._ OVERWEIGHT', to weigh down: to put too heavy a burden on.
OVERWHELM, [=o]-v[.e]r-hwelm', _v.t._ to overspread and crush by something
heavy or strong: to flow over and bear down: to overcome.--_p.adj._
OVERWHEL'MING, crushing with weight, &c.: irresistible.--_adv._
OVERWHEL'MINGLY.
OVERWIND, [=o]-v[.e]r-w[=i]nd', _v.t._ to wind too far.
OVERWISE, [=o]-v[.e]r-w[=i]z', _adj._ wise overmuch: affectedly
wise.--_adv._ OVERWISE'LY.
OVERWORK, [=o]-v[.e]r-wurk', _v.t._ and _v.i._ to work overmuch or beyond
the strength: to tire.--_n._ O'VERWORK, excess of work: excessive labour.
OVERWORN, [=o]-v[.e]r-wörn', _adj._ worn out: subdued by toil: spoiled by
use: worn or rubbed till threadbare.
OVERWREST, [=o]-v[.e]r-rest', _v.t._ (_Shak._) to wrest or twist from the
proper position.
OVERWRESTLE, [=o]-v[.e]r-res'l, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to overcome by wrestling.
OVERWRITE, [=o]-v[.e]r-r[=i]t', _v.t._ to cover over with other writing.
OVERWROUGHT, [=o]-v[.e]r-rawt', _pa.p._ of OVERWORK, worked too hard: too
highly excited: worked all over: overdone.
OVERYEAR, [=o]-v[.e]r-y[=e]r', _adj._ (_prov._) kept over from last year.
OVIDIAN, [=o]-vid'i-an, _adj._ belonging to, or resembling the style of,
the Latin poet _Ovid_ (43 B.C.-17 A.D.).
OVIDUCT, [=o]'vi-dukt, _n._ a duct or passage for the egg in animals, from
the ovary.
OVIFEROUS, [=o]-vif'[.e]r-us, _adj._ egg-bearing.--_n._ O'VIFER, a small
wire cage on a solid base, for carrying an egg safely. [L. _ovum_, an egg,
_ferre_, to bear.]
OVIFORM, [=o]'vi-form, _adj._ having the form of an oval or egg. [L.
_ovum_, an egg.]
OVIFORM, [=o]'vi-form, _adj._ like a sheep: ovine. [L. _ovis_, a sheep.]
OVIGEROUS, ov-ij'[.e]r-us, _adj._ egg-bearing. [L. _ovum_, an egg,
_ger[)e]re_, to bear.]
OVINE, [=o]'v[=i]n, _adj._ pertaining to the _Ovinæ_, sheep-like.--_n._
OVIN[=A]'TION, inoculation of sheep with ovine virus against sheep-pox.
OVIPAROUS, [=o]-vip'a-rus, _adj._ bringing forth or laying eggs instead of
fully formed young.--_n.pl._ OVIP'ARA, animals that lay eggs.--_ns._
OVIPAR'ITY, OVIP'AROUSNESS. [L. _ovum_, egg, _par[)e]re_, to bring forth.]
OVIPOSITOR, [=o]-vi-poz'i-tor, _n._ the organ at the extremity of the
abdomen of many insects, by which the eggs are deposited.--_v.i._
OVIPOS'IT, to deposit eggs with an ovipositor.--_n._ OVIPOSIT'ION. [L.
_ovum_, egg, _positor_--_pon[)e]re_, to place.]
OVISAC, [=o]v'i-sak, _n._ the cavity in the ovary which immediately
contains the ovum. [L. _ovum_, an egg, and _sac_.]
OVOID, -AL, [=o]'void, -al, _adj._ oval: egg-shaped.--_n._ an egg-shaped
body. [L. _ovum_, egg, Gr. _eidos_, form.]
OVOLO, [=o]'v[=o]-l[=o], _n._ (_archit._) a moulding with the rounded part
composed of a quarter of a circle, or of an arc of an ellipse with the
curve greatest at the top. [It.,--L. _ovum_, an egg.]
OVOVIVIPAROUS, [=o]-v[=o]-vi-vip'ar-us, _adj._ producing eggs which are
hatched in the body of the parent. [L. _ovum_, an egg, _vivus_, living,
_par[)e]re_, to bring forth.]
OVULE, [=o]v'[=u]l, _n._ a little egg: the seed of a plant in its
rudimentary state, growing from the placenta.--_adj._ OV'ULAR.--_ns._
OVUL[=A]'TION, the formation of ova, or the period when this takes place;
OV'ULITE, a fossil egg. [Dim. of L. _ovum_, an egg.]
OVUM, [=o]'vum, _n._ an egg: (_biol._) the egg-cell, in all organisms the
starting-point of the embryo, development beginning as soon as it is
supplemented by the male-cell or spermatozoon:--_pl._ O'VA. [L.]
OWCHE, owch, _n._ Same as OUCH.
OWE, [=o], _v.t._ to possess or to be the owner of: to have what belongs to
another: to be bound to pay: to be obliged for.--_v.i._ to be in debt.--BE
OWING, to be due or ascribed (to). [A.S. _ágan_, pres. indic. _áh_, pret.
_áhte_, pa.p. _ágen_; Ice. _eiga_, Old High Ger. _eigan_, to possess.]
OWELTY, [=o]'el-ti, _n._ equality. [O. Fr. _oelte_.]
OWENITE, [=o]'en-[=i]t, _n._ a disciple of Robert _Owen_ (1771-1858), a
social reformer, who proposed to establish society on a basis of
socialistic co-operation.
OWER, ow'[.e]r (_Scot._ for _over_).--_ns._ OW'ERCOME, OW'ERWORD, the
refrain of a song.
OWING, [=o]'ing, _adj._ due: that has to be paid (to): happening as a
consequence of: imputable to.
OWL, owl, _n._ a carnivorous bird that seeks its food by night, noted for
its howling or hooting noise.--_v.i._ to smuggle contraband goods.--_ns._
OWL'ERY, an abode of owls: (_Carlyle_) an owl-like character; OWL'ET, a
little or young owl.--_adj._ OWL'-EYED, having blinking eyes like an
owl.--_n._ OWL'-GLASS, a malicious figure in a popular German tale,
translated into English about the end of the 16th century--the German _Tyll
Eulenspiegel_--also OWLE'GLASS, HOWLE'GLASS, OWL'SPIEGLE.--_adj._ OWL'ISH,
like an owl: stupid: dull-looking.--_n._ OWL'ISHNESS. [A.S. _úle_; Ger.
_eule_, L. _ulula_; imit.]
OWN, [=o]n, _v.t._ to grant: to allow to be true: concede: acknowledge.
[A.S. _unnan_, to grant; Ger. _gönnen_, to grant.]
OWN, [=o]n, _v.t._ to possess: to be the rightful owner of. [A.S. _ágnian_,
with addition of casual suffix--_ágen_, one's own; cf. _Own_ (adj.).]
OWN, [=o]n, _adj._ possessed: belonging to one's self and to no other:
peculiar.--_ns._ OWN'ER, one who owns or possesses; OWN'ERSHIP, state of
being an owner: right of possession. [A.S. _ágen_, pa.p. of _ágan_, to
possess. Cf. _Owe_.]
OWRE, owr, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as AUROCHS. [A.S. _úr_.]
OWSEN, ow'sen, _n.pl._ a dialectic form of _oxen_.
OX, oks, _n._ a well-known animal that chews the cud, the female of which
supplies the chief part of the milk used as human food: the male of the
cow, esp. when castrated:--_pl._ OX'EN, used for both male and
female.--_ns._ OX'-BOT, OX'-WAR'BLER, a bot-fly or its larva, found under
the skin of cattle; OX'EYE, a common plant in meadows, with a flower like
the eye of an ox.--_adj._ OX'-EYED, having large, full, ox-like
eyes.--_ns._ OX'-GOAD (see GOAD); OX'-PECK'ER, OX'-BIRD, an African bird,
which eats the parasites infesting the skins of cattle--also _Beefeater_;
OX'-TAIL-SOUP, a kind of soup made of several ingredients, one of which is
an oxtail cut in joints.--HAVE THE BLACK OX TREAD ON ONE'S FOOT, to
experience sorrow or misfortune. [A.S. _oxa_, pl. _oxan_; Ice. _uxi_; Ger.
_ochs_, Goth. _auhsa_, Sans. _ukshan_.]
OXALATE, oks'a-l[=a]t, _n._ a salt formed by a combination of oxalic acid
with a base.--_n._ OX'ALITE, a yellow mineral composed of oxalate of iron.
OXALIS, oks'a-lis, _n._ wood-sorrel: (_bot._) a genus of plants having an
acid taste.--_adj._ OXAL'IC, pertaining to or obtained from sorrel.
[Gr.,--_oxys_, acid.]
OXFORD CLAY, oks'ford kl[=a], _n._ (_geol._) the principal member of the
Middle Oolite series.--OXFORD MOVEMENT (see TRACTARIANISM).
OXGANG, oks'gang, _n._ as much land as can be tilled by the use of an ox
(averaging about 15 acres)--called also OX'LAND or OX'GATE.
OX-HEAD, oks'-hed, _n._ (_Shak._) blockhead, dolt.
OXIDE, oks'[=i]d, _n._ a compound of oxygen and some other element or
organic radical. Oxides are of three kinds--_acid-forming_, _basic_, and
_neutral_.--_n._ OXIDABIL'ITY.--_adj._ OX'IDABLE, capable of being
converted into an oxide.--_v.t._ OX'IDATE (same as OXIDISE).--_ns._
OXID[=A]'TION, OXIDISE'MENT, act or process of oxidising; OX'ID[=A]TOR, a
contrivance for drawing a current of air to the flame of a lamp.--_adj._
OXIDIS'ABLE, capable of being oxidised.--_v.t._ OX'IDISE, to convert into
an oxide.--_v.i._ to become an oxide.--_n._ OXIDIS'ER.
OXLIP, oks'lip, _n._ a species of primrose, having its flowers in an umbel
on a stalk like the cowslip.
OXONIAN, oks-[=o]'ni-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to _Oxford_ or to its
university.--_n._ an inhabitant or a native of Oxford: a student or
graduate of Oxford.
OXTER, oks't[.e]r, _n._ (_Scot._) the armpit.--_v.t._ to hug with the arms:
to support by taking the arm.
OXYGEN, oks'i-jen, _n._ a gas without taste, colour, or smell, forming part
of the air, water, &c., and supporting life and combustion.--_n._
OXYCHL[=O]'RIDE, a chemical compound containing both chlorine and oxygen in
combination with some other element.--_v.t._ OX'YGEN[=A]TE, to unite, or
cause to unite, with oxygen.--_n._ OXYGEN[=A]'TION, act of
oxygenating.--_v.t._ OX'YGENISE (same as OXYGENATE).--_adj._ OXYG'ENOUS,
pertaining to, or obtained from, oxygen.--_adj._ OXYHY'DROGEN, pertaining
to a mixture of oxygen and hydrogen, as in a form of blowpipe in which jets
of either ignite as they issue from separate reservoirs. [Gr. _oxys_,
sharp, _gen_, the root of _gennaein_, to generate.]
OXYMEL, oks'i-mel, _n._ a mixture of vinegar and honey. [Gr. _oxys_, sour,
_meli_, honey.]
OXYMORON, ok-si-m[=o]'ron, _n._ a figure of speech, by means of which two
ideas of opposite meaning are combined, so as to form an expressive phrase
or epithet, as _cruel kindness_, _falsely true_, &c. [Gr.,--_oxys_, sharp,
_m[=o]ros_, foolish.]
OXYOPIA, ok-si-[=o]'pi-a, _n._ unusual keenness of sight. [Gr.,--_oxys_,
sharp, _[=o]ps_, the eye.]
OXYRHYNCHUS, ok-si-ring'kus, _n._ an Egyptian fish, formerly sacred to the
goddess Hathor, and represented on coins and sculptures. [Gr.,--_oxys_,
sharp, _rhyngchos_, a snout.]
OXYTONE, oks'i-t[=o]n, _adj._ having an acute sound: having the acute
accent on the last syllable.--_n._ a word so accented. [Gr. _oxys_, sharp,
_tonos_, tone.]
OYER, [=o]'y[.e]r, _n._ a hearing in a law-court, an assize.--OYER AND
TERMINER, a royal commission conferring upon a judge or judges the power to
hear and determine criminal causes pending in a particular county. [Norm.
Fr. _oyer_ (Fr. _ouir_)--L. _aud[=i]re_, to hear.]
OYEZ, OYES, [=o]'yes, _interj._ the call of a public crier, or officer of a
law-court, for attention before making a proclamation. [Norm. Fr., 2d pers.
pl. imper. of _oyer_.]
OYSTER, ois't[.e]r, _n._ a well-known bivalve shellfish, used as
food.--_ns._ OYS'TER-BANK, -BED, -FARM, -FIELD, -PARK, a place where
oysters breed or are bred; OYS'TER-CATCH'ER, the sea pie--a sea wading bird
of the family Hæmatopodidæ, having dark plumage and red bill and feet;
OYS'TER-FISH'ERY, the business of catching oysters; OYS'TER-KNIFE, a knife
for opening oysters.--_n.pl._ OYS'TER-PAT'TIES, small pies or pasties made
from oysters.--_n._ OYS'TER-SHELL, the shell of an oyster.--_n.pl._
OYS'TER-TONGS, a tool used to dredge up oysters in deep water.--_ns._
OYS'TER-WENCH, -WIFE, -WOM'AN, a woman who vends oysters. [O. Fr. _oistre_
(Fr. _huître_)--L. _ostrea_--Gr. _ostreon_, an oyster--_osteon_, a bone.]
OZOCERITE, [=o]-z[=o]-s[=e]'r[=i]t, _n._ a waxy-like substance, having a
weak bituminous odour, found in Moldavia and elsewhere, and used for making
candles.--Also OZOK[=E]'RITE. [Gr. _ozein_, to smell, _keros_, wax.]
OZOENA, [=o]-z[=e]'na, _n._ a term applied to any one of various diseased
conditions of the nose accompanied by fetid discharge. [Gr. _ozein_, to
smell.]
OZONE, [=o]'z[=o]n, _n._ name given to a supposed allotropic form of
oxygen, when affected by electric discharges, marked by a peculiar
smell.--_ns._ OZON[=A]'TION; OZONIS[=A]'TION; OZONOM'ETER.--_adj._
OZONOMET'RIC.--_ns._ OZONOM'ETRY; OZ[=O]'NOSCOPE.--_adjs._ OZONOSCOP'IC;
O'ZONOUS. [Gr. _ozein_, to smell.]
OZOSTOMIA, [=o]-zo-st[=o]'mi-a, _n._ foul breath due to morbid causes. [Gr.
_ozein_, to smell, _stoma_, the mouth.]
* * * * *
P the sixteenth letter of our alphabet, its sound the sharp labial mute,
interchanging with other labials, esp. with _b_, the flat labial mute:
P=400; ([=P])=400,000: the chemical symbol for phosphorus: (_math._) the
Greek [PI]=a continued product, while small [pi] denotes the ratio of the
circumference to the diameter.--MIND ONE'S P'S AND Q'S (see MIND).
PA, pä, _n._ papa, a child's name for father.
PABOUCHE, pa-b[=oo]sh', _n._ a slipper.--Also _Baboosh_.
PABULUM, pab'[=u]-lum, _n._ food of any kind, especially that of animals
and plants: provender: fuel: nourishment for the mind.--_adjs._ PAB'ULAR,
PAB'ULOUS, of or pertaining to food: fit for food: affording food.
[L.,--_pasc[)e]re_, to feed.]
PACA, pak'a, _n._ the spotted cavy of South America. [Sp. and Port., the
spotted cavy--Braz. _pak_, _paq_.]
PACABLE, p[=a]'ka-bl, _adj._ that may be calmed or quieted: willing to
forgive.--_adj._ PAC[=A]'TED.--_n._ PAC[=A]'TION. [L. _pac[=a]re_, to make
at peace--_pax_, peace.]
PACE, p[=a]s, _n._ a stride: the space between the feet in walking, 30
inches, a step: gait: rate of walking (of a man or beast): rate of speed in
movement or work, often applied to fast living: mode of stepping in horses
in which the legs on the same side are lifted together: amble: (_obs._) a
passage.--_v.t._ to measure by steps: to cause to progress: to train in
walking or stepping.--_v.i._ to walk: to walk slowly: to amble.--_adj._
PACED, having a certain pace or gait.--_ns._ PACE'-MAK'ER, one who sets the
pace, as in a race; PAC'ER, one who paces: a horse whose usual gait is a
pace.--KEEP, or HOLD, PACE WITH, to go as fast as: to keep up with. [Fr.
_pas_--L. _passus_, a step--_pand[)e]re_, _passum_, to stretch.]
PACE, p[=a]'s[=e], _prep._ with or by the leave of (expressing disagreement
courteously). [L., abl. of _pax_, peace.]
PACHA, PACHALIC. See PASHA, PASHALIC.
PACHY-, pak'i-, thick, in combination, as _adjs._ PACHYDAC'TYL, -OUS,
having thick digits; PACH'YDERM, thick-skinned--_n._ one of an order of
non-ruminant, hoofed mammals, thick-skinned, as the elephant:--_pl._
PACH'YDERMS, or PACHYDER'MATA.--_adj._ PACHYDER'MATOUS, thick-skinned:
insensible to impressions.--_n._ PACHYDER'MIA, a form of elephantiasis in
which the skin becomes thick and warty.--_adj._ PACHYDER'MOID.--_ns._
PACHY[=E]'MIA, a thickening of the blood--also PACHYÆ'MIA; PACHY'MA, a
genus of fungi consisting of tuber-like growths, some of which are now
referred to the genus _Polyporus_--also _Tuckahoe_, _Tuckahoe truffle_, or
_Indian bread_; PACHYM[=E]'NIA, a thickening of the skin.--_adj._
PACHYM[=E]'NIC.--_n._ PACHYM'ETER, an instrument for measuring small
thicknesses, as of paper.--_adjs._ PACH'YODONT, with thick teeth;
PACH'YOTE, with thick ears, as a bat--also _n._; PACH'YPOD, having thick
feet; PACHYP'TEROUS, having thick wings or fins.--_ns._ PACHYTH[=E]'RIUM, a
South American fossil genus of gigantic edentate mammals; PACHYT'YLUS, a
genus of locusts, embracing the dreaded Migratory Locust (_Pachytylus
migratorius_). [Gr. _pachys_, thick.]
PACIFY, pas'i-f[=i], _v.t._ to make peaceful: to appease: to bring back
peace to: to calm; to soothe.--_adjs._ PAC'IFIABLE, that may be pacified;
PACIF'IC, peacemaking: appeasing: peaceful: mild: tranquil.--_n._ the ocean
between Asia and America, so called by its discoverer Magellan because he
sailed peacefully over it after weathering Cape Horn.--_adj._ PACIF'ICAL,
pacific (obs. except in phrase _Letters pacifical_, letters recommending
the bearer as one in peace and fellowship with the church--also _Letters of
peace_, _Pacificæ_).--_adv._ PACIF'ICALLY.--_v.t._ PACIF'IC[=A]TE, to give
peace to.--_ns._ PACIFIC[=A]'TION, the act of making peace, esp. between
parties at variance; PACIF'IC[=A]TOR, PAC'IFIER, a peacemaker.--_adj._
PACIF'IC[=A]TORY, tending to make peace. [Fr. _pacifier_--L.
_pacific[=a]re_--_pax_, _pacis_, peace, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]
PACK, pak, _n._ a bundle made to be carried on the back: a collection,
stock, or store: a bundle of some particular kind or quantity, as of wool,
480 or 240 lb.: the quantity of fish packed: a complete set of cards: a
number of animals herding together or kept together for hunting: a number
of persons combined for bad purposes: any great number: a large extent of
floating and broken ice: a wet sheet for folding round the body to allay
inflammation, fever, &c.--_v.t._ to press together and fasten up: to place
in order: to crowd: to assort, bring together, select, or manipulate
persons, cards, &c. for some unjust object: to send away, as from one's
presence or employment: to surround a joint, &c., with any substance to
prevent leaking, &c.--_v.i._ to store things away anywhere for safe
keeping, &c.: to settle into a firm mass: to admit of being put into
compact shape: to depart in haste.--_ns._ PACK'AGE, the act of packing,
also something packed: a bundle or bale: a charge made for packing;
PACK'-AN'IMAL, a beast of burden used to carry goods on its back;
PACK'-CINCH (-sinsh), a wide girth of canvas, &c., having a hook and ring
attached for adjusting the load of a pack-animal; PACK'-CLOTH, a cloth in
which goods are tied up: packsheet; PACK'ER, one who packs: one who cures
and packs provisions: any device to fill the space between the tubing and
the sides of an oil-well, &c.; PACK'ET, a small package: a ship or vessel
employed in carrying packets of letters, passengers, &c.: a vessel plying
regularly between one port and another (also PACK'ET-BOAT, PACK'ET-SHIP,
&c.).--_v.t._ to bind in a packet or parcel: to send in a packet.--_ns._
PACK'ET-DAY, the day of the departure or arrival of a mail-ship;
PACK'ET-NOTE (see NOTE-PAPER); PACK'-HORSE, a horse used to carry goods in
panniers: a drudge; PACK'-ICE, a collection of large pieces of floating
ice; PACK'ING, the act of putting into packs or of tying up for carriage:
material for packing: anything used to fill an empty space, or to make a
joint close, as the elastic ring round a moving rod or piston to make it a
tight fit; PACK'ING-BOX, -CASE, a box in which goods are packed: a hollow
place round the opening of a steam cylinder, filled with some soft
substance which, being pressed hard against the piston-rod, makes it a
tight fit; PACK'ING-NEED'LE, or _Sack-needle_, a strong needle for sewing
up packages; PACK'ING-P[=A]'PER, a strong and thick kind of wrapping-paper;
PACK'ING-PRESS, a press for squeezing goods into small compass for packing;
PACK'ING-SHEET, or PACK'SHEET, coarse cloth for packing goods; PACK'-LOAD,
the load an animal can carry on its back; PACK'MAN, a peddler or a man who
carries a pack; PACK'-MULE, a mule used for carrying burdens;
PACK'-SADD'LE, a saddle for packs or burdens; PACK'-THREAD, a coarse thread
used to sew up packages; PACK'-TRAIN, a train of loaded pack-animals;
PACK'WAY, a narrow path fit for pack-horses.--PACK A JURY, MEETING, &c., to
fill up with persons of a particular kind for one's own purposes.--SEND ONE
PACKING, to dismiss summarily. [Prob. Celt.; Gael. and Ir. _pac_, Bret.
_pak_, a bundle; cf. Ger. _pack_, Dut. _pak_.]
PACK, pak, _adj._ (_Scot._) intimate, confidential.
PACKFONG, an incorrect form of _paktong_ (q.v.)
PACO, p[=a]'ko, _n._ same as ALPACA:--_pl._ P[=A]'COS.
PACT, pakt, _n._ that which is agreed on: an agreement: a contract--also
PAC'TION.--_adj._ PAC'TIONAL.--PACTUM ILLICITUM, an unlawful agreement. [L.
_pactum_--_pacisci_, _pactus_, to contract.]
PAD, pad, _n._ a thief on the high-road (more commonly _Footpad_): (abbrev.
from _pad-horse_) a horse for riding on the road: an easy-paced
horse.--_v.i._ to walk on foot: to trudge along: to rob on foot:--_pr.p._
pad'ding; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ pad'ded.--_adj._ PAD'-CLINK'ING, keeping
company with thieves.--_n._ PAD'DING-KEN, a low lodging-house inhabited by
thieves.--STAND PAD, to beg by the roadside. [Dut. _pad_, a path.]
PAD, pad, _n._ anything stuffed with a soft material, to prevent friction
or pressure, or for filling out: a soft saddle, cushion, &c.: a number of
sheets of paper or other soft material fastened together for writing upon:
the fleshy, thick-skinned under-surface of the toes of many animals, as the
fox: a fox's foot generally: the large floating leaf of an aquatic plant:
(_pl._) thick watered ribbon for watch-guards.--_v.t._ to stuff with
anything soft: to fix colours in cloth:--_pr.p._ pad'ding; _pa.t._ and
_pa.p._ pad'ded.--_ns._ PAD'-CLOTH, a cloth covering a horse's loins;
PAD'DER, one who pads or cushions; PAD'DING, the soft stuffing of a saddle,
&c.: matter of less value introduced into a book or article in order to
make it of the length desired: the process of mordanting a fabric;
PAD'-EL'EPHANT, a working elephant, distinguished from a war or hunting
one; PAD'-SADD'LE, a treeless, padded saddle; PAD'-TREE, the wooden or
metal frame to which harness-pads are attached. [A variant of _pod_, orig.
sig. 'a bag.']
PADDLE, pad'l, _v.i._ to dabble in water with the hands or the feet: to
touch or toy with the fingers: to beat the water as with the feet: to row:
to move in the water as a duck does: (_slang_) to make off.--_v.t._ to move
by means of an oar or paddle: to finger, toy with.--_n._ a short, broad,
spoon-shaped oar, used for moving canoes: the blade of an oar: one of the
boards at the circumference of a paddle-wheel.--_ns._ PADD'LE-BEAM, one of
the large timbers at the side of a paddle-wheel; PADD'LE-BOARD, one of the
floats on the circumference of a paddle-wheel; PADD'LE-BOX, a wooden box
covering the upper part of the paddle-wheel of a steamer; PADD'LER, one who
paddles; PADD'LE-SHAFT, the axle on which the paddle-wheels of a steamer
turn; PADD'LE-WHEEL, the wheel of a steam-vessel, which by turning in the
water causes it to move forward; PADD'LE-WOOD, the light, strong wood of a
Guiana tree of the dogbane family. [For _pattle_, freq. of _pat_.]
PADDLE, pad'l, _n._ (_B._) a little spade.--_n._ PADD'LE-STAFF, a spade for
clearing a ploughshare. [Prob. from _spaddle_; cf. _Spade_.]
PADDOCK, pad'uk, _n._ a toad or frog.--_n._ PADD'OCK-STOOL, a toadstool.
[Dim. of M. E. _padde_, a toad--Ice. _padda_.]
PADDOCK, pad'uk, _n._ a small park under pasture, immediately adjoining the
stables of a domain: a small field in which horses are kept. [A.S.
_pearroc_, a park--_sparran_ (Ger. _sperren_), to shut.]
PADDY, pad'i, _n._ rice in the husk.--_ns._ PADD'Y-BIRD, the Java sparrow
or rice-bird; PADD'Y-FIELD, a field where rice is grown. [East Ind.]
PADDY, pad'i, _n._ a familiar name for an Irishman, from St _Patrick:_ a
drill used in boring wells, with cutters that expand on pressure.--_n._
PADD'Y-WHACK, a nurse's word for a slap.
PADELLA, pa-del'la, _n._ a shallow vessel filled with fat, in the centre of
which a wick has been placed--used in illuminations. [It., a frying-pan.]
PADEMELON, pad'[=e]-mel-on, _n._ a brush kangaroo or wallaby.--Also
PAD'YMELON, PAD'DYMELON.
PADISHAH, pä'di-sha, _n._ chief ruler: great king, a title of the Sultan of
Turkey or of the Sovereign of Great Britain as ruler of India. [Pers.
_p[=a]d_, master, _sh[=a]h_, king; cf. _Pasha_.]
PADLOCK, pad'lok, _n._ a movable lock with a link turning on a hinge or
pivot at one end, to enable it to pass through a staple or other opening,
and to be pressed down to catch the bolt at the other end.--_v.t._ to
fasten with a padlock. [Prob. prov. Eng. _pad_, a basket, and _lock_.]
PADMA, pad'ma, _n._ the true lotus.
PAD-NAG, pad'-nag, _n._ an ambling nag.
PADRE, pä'dre, _n._ father, a title given to priests in some
countries.--_n._ PADR[=O]'NE, a person who jobs out hand-organs, or who
gets children to beg for him:--_pl._ PADR[=O]'NI. [It. and Sp.,--L.
_pater_, a father.]
PADUAN, pad'[=u]-an, _adj._ and _n._ belonging to _Padua:_ one of the
clever imitations of old Roman bronze coins made at Padua in the 16th
century: a Spanish dance, the pavan.
PADUASOY, pad'[=u]-a-soi, _n._ a smooth silk originally manufactured at
_Padua_, used in the 18th century, also a garment of the same. [Fr. _soie
de Padoue_.]
PÆAN, p[=e]'an, _n._ a song of triumph: any joyous song: a song in honour
of Apollo, later also of Dionysus and Ares.--_n._ PÆ'ON, a foot of four
syllables, one long, three short.--_adj._ PÆON'IC. [L.,--Gr. _Paian_ or
_Pai[=o]n_, an epithet of Apollo.]
PÆDAGOGY, PÆDAGOGICS, PÆDOBAPTISM, PÆDOBAPTIST. See PEDAGOGY, PEDAGOGICS,
PEDOBAPTISM, PEDOBAPTIST.
PÆNULA, p[=e]'n[=u]-la, _n._ a chasuble, esp. in its older form: a woollen
outer garment covering the whole body, worn on journeys and in rainy
weather.
PÆONIN, p[=e]'[=o]-nin, _n._ a red colouring matter obtained from yellow
coralline.
PÆONY, p[=e]'o-ni, _n._ Same as PEONY.
PAFF, paf, _n._ a meaningless word, used with _piff_ to indicate jargon.
PAGAN, p[=a]'gan, _n._ a heathen: one who does not worship the true
God.--_adj._ heathenish: pertaining to the worship of false gods.--_v.t._
P[=A]'GANISE, to render pagan or heathen: to convert to paganism.--_adj._
P[=A]'GANISH, heathenish.--_n._ P[=A]'GANISM, heathenism: the beliefs and
practices of the heathen. [L. _paganus_, a rustic, heathen, because the
country-people were later in becoming Christians than the people of the
towns--_pagus_, a district--_pang[)e]re_, to fix.]
PAGE, p[=a]j, _n._ a boy attending on a person of distinction: a young lad
employed as attendant: a contrivance for holding up a woman's skirt in
walking.--_n._ PAGE'HOOD, condition of a page. [Fr. _page_; acc. to Littré,
prob. from Low L. _pagensis_, a peasant--L. _pagus_, a village; acc. to
Diez, but hardly with probability, through the It. _paggio_, from Gr.
_paidion_, dim. of _pais_, _paidos_, a boy.]
PAGE, p[=a]j, _n._ one side of a written or printed leaf--4 pages in a
folio sheet, 8 in a quarto, 16 in an octavo, 24 in a duodecimo, 36 in an
octodecimo: a book, record, or source of knowledge: the type,
illustrations, &c. arranged for printing one side of a leaf: (_pl._)
writings.--_v.t._ to number the pages of.--_adj._ PAG'INAL.--_v.t._
PAG'IN[=A]TE, to mark with consecutive numbers, to page.--_ns._
PAGIN[=A]'TION, the act of paging a book: the figures and marks that
indicate the number of pages; P[=A]'GING, the marking or numbering of the
pages of a book. [Fr.,--L. _pagina_, a thing fastened--_pang[)e]re_, to
fasten.]
PAGEANT, paj'ant, or p[=a]'-, _n._ a showy exhibition: a spectacle: a
fleeting show: (_orig._) a platform on four wheels for the purpose of
representing plays, &c.--_adj._ showy: pompous.--_n._ PAGE'ANTRY, splendid
display: pompous spectacle. [M. E. _pagent_ (with excrescent _-t_), from an
older form _pagen_ or _pagin_--Low L. _pagina_, a stage--L. _pagina_, a
slab--_pang[)e]re_, to fix; cf. _Page_ (2).]
PAGODA, pa-g[=o]'da, _n._ an idol-house: an Indian idol: its temple: a gold
coin formerly current in India, so called because the figure of a pagoda
was stamped upon it--also PAGODE'.--_n._ PAG[=O]'DITE, the mineral which
the Chinese carve into figures of pagodas, &c. [Port., a corr. of Pers.
_but-kadah_, an idol-temple.]
PAGODE, pa-g[=o]d', _n._ a funnel-shaped sleeve worn by both sexes in the
first half of the 18th century.
PAGUS, p[=a]'gus, _n._ a country district with scattered hamlets, also its
fortified centre: among the early Teutons, a division of the territory
larger than a village, like a wapentake or hundred.
PAH, pä, _interj._ an exclamation expressing contempt or disgust.
PAHLAVI. Same as PEHLEVI.
PAID, p[=a]d, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of pay.
PAIDEUTICS, p[=a]-d[=u]'tiks, _n.sing._ the science or theory of
teaching.--_n._ PAIDOL'OGY, the scientific study of the child. [Gr.
_paideutikos_--_paideuein_, to teach--_pais_, _paidos_, a child.]
PAIGLE, PAGLE, p[=a]'gl, _n._ (_obs._) the cowslip or primrose.
PAIK, p[=a]k, _n._ (_Scot._) a beating.
PAIL, p[=a]l, _n._ an open vessel of wood, &c., for holding or carrying
liquids.--_n._ PAIL'FUL, as much as fills a pail. [O. Fr. _paile_,
_paele_--L. _patella_, a pan, dim. of _patera_--_pat[=e]re_, to be open.]
PAILLASSE, pa-lyas', _n._ a small bed, originally made of chaff or straw:
an under mattress of straw.--_n._ PAILLASSON (pa-lya-song'), a form of
straw bonnet. [Fr.,--_paille_, straw--L. _palea_, chaff.]
PAILLETTE, pa-lyet', _n._ a piece of metal or coloured foil used in
enamel-painting: a sponge.--_n._ PAILLON (pa-lyong'), a bright metal
backing for enamel, &c. [Fr.]
PAIN, p[=a]n, _n._ suffering coming as the punishment of evil-doing:
suffering either of body or mind: anguish: great care or trouble taken in
doing anything: (_pl._) labour: care: trouble: the throes of
childbirth.--_v.t._ to cause suffering to: to distress: to torment: to
grieve.--_adjs._ PAINED, showing or expressing pain: (_B._) in pain, in
labour; PAIN'FUL, full of pain: causing pain: requiring labour, pain, or
care: (_arch._) hard-working, painstaking: distressing: difficult.--_adv._
PAIN'FULLY.--_n._ PAIN'FULNESS.--_adj._ PAIN'LESS, without pain.--_adv._
PAIN'LESSLY.--_ns._ PAIN'LESSNESS; PAINS'TAKER, one who takes pains or
care: a laborious worker.--_adj._ PAINS'TAKING, taking pains or care:
laborious: diligent.--_n._ careful labour: diligence.--UNDER PAIN OF,
subject to the penalty of. [Fr. _peine_--L. _poena_, satisfaction--Gr.
_poin[=e]_, penalty.]
PAINIM, p[=a]'nim. See PAYNIM.
PAINT, p[=a]nt, _v.t._ to cover over with colour: to represent in a
coloured picture: to describe in words: to adorn.--_v.i._ to practise
painting: to lay colours on the face, to blush: (__slang__) to
tipple.--_n._ a colouring substance: anything fixed with caoutchouc to
harden it.--_adj._ PAINT'ABLE, that may be painted.--_ns._ PAINT'-BOX, a
box in which different paints are kept in compartments; PAINT'-BRIDGE, a
platform used by theatrical scene-painters in painting scenery;
PAINT'-BRUSH, a brush for putting on paint.--_adj._ PAINT'ED, covered with
paint: ornamented with coloured figures: marked with bright colours.--_ns._
PAINT'ED-GRASS, ribbon-grass; PAINT'ED-L[=A]'DY, the thistle-butterfly,
orange-red spotted with white and black; PAINT'ER, one whose employment is
to paint: one skilled in painting; PAINT'ER'S-COL'IC, lead colic;
PAINT'ER-STAIN'ER, one who paints coats of arms, &c.; PAINT'INESS;
PAINT'ING, the act or employment of laying on colours: the act of
representing objects by colours: a picture: vivid description in words;
PAINT'[=U]RE (_Dryden_), the art of painting: a picture.--_adj._ PAINT'Y,
overloaded with paint, with the colours too glaringly used: smeared with
paint.--PAINT THE TOWN RED (_U.S._), to break out in a boisterous spree.
[O. Fr., pa.p. of Fr. _peindre_, to paint--L. _ping[)e]re_, _pictum_, to
paint.]
PAINTER, p[=a]nt'[.e]r, _n._ a rope used to fasten a boat.--CUT THE
PAINTER, to set adrift; LAZY PAINTER, a small painter for use in fine
weather only. [A corr. of M. E. _panter_, a fowler's noose, through O. Fr.
from L. _panther_, a hunting-net--Gr. _panth[=e]ros_, catching all--_pan_,
neut. of _pas_, every, _th[=e]r_, wild beast.]
PAIR, p[=a]r, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to impair.
PAIR, p[=a]r, _n._ two things equal, or suited to each other, or used
together: a set of two equal or like things forming one instrument, as a
pair of scissors, tongs, &c., a set of like things generally: in building,
a flight of stairs: a couple: a man and his wife: two members of a
legislative body, holding opposite opinions, who agree with each other to
abstain from voting for a certain time, so as to permit one or both to be
absent.--_v.t._ to join in couples.--_v.i._ to be joined in couples: to fit
as a counterpart.--_adj._ PAIRED, arranged in pairs: set by twos of a like
kind: mated.--_ns._ PAIR'ING, an agreement between two members of a
legislative body holding opposite opinions to refrain from voting, so that
both may absent themselves; PAIR'ING-TIME, the time when birds go together
in pairs; PAIR'-ROY'AL, three cards of the same denomination, esp. in
cribbage.--_adv._ PAIR'-WISE, in pairs.--PAIR OF COLOURS, two flags carried
by a regiment, one the national ensign, the other the flag of the regiment;
PAIR OFF (see PAIRING above). [Fr. _paire_, a couple--_pair_, like--L.
_par_, equal.]
PAIS, p[=a], _n._ the people from whom a jury is drawn.--MATTER-IN-PAIS,
matter of fact. [O. Fr.]
PAISE, p[=a]z, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as POISE.
PAITRICK, p[=a]'trik, _n._ (_Scot._) a partridge.
PAJAMAS. See PYJAMAS.
PAJOCK, pä'jok, _n._ (_Shak._). Same as PEACOCK.
PAKTONG, pak'tong, _n._ the Chinese name for German silver.--Also
PACK'FONG, PAK'FONG. [Chin.]
PAL, pal, _n._ (_slang_) a partner, mate. [Gipsy.]
PALABRA, pa-lä'bra, _n._ talk, palaver. [Sp., a word.]
PALACE, pal'[=a]s, _n._ the house of a king or a queen: a very large and
splendid house: a bishop's official residence.--_n._ PAL'ACE-CAR, a
sumptuously furnished railway-car. [Fr. _palais_--L. _Palatium_, the Roman
emperor's residence on the _Palatine_ Hill at Rome.]
PALADIN, pal'a-din, _n._ one of the twelve peers of Charlemagne's
household: a knight-errant, or paragon of knighthood. [Fr.,--It.
_paladino_--L. _palatinus_, belonging to the palace. Cf. _Palatine_.]
PALÆARCTIC, p[=a]-l[=e]-ark'tik, _adj._ pertaining to the northern part of
the Old World.--PALÆARCTIC REGION, a great division embracing Europe,
Africa north of the Atlas, and Asia north of the Himalaya.
PALÆICHTHYOLOGY, p[=a]-l[=e]-ik-th[=i]-ol'o-ji, _n._ the branch of
ichthyology which treats of fossil fishes.
PALÆOBOTANY, p[=a]-l[=e]-[=o]-bot'a-ni, _n._ the science or study of fossil
plants.--_adj._ PALÆOBOTAN'ICAL.--_n._ PALÆOBOT'ANIST.
PALÆOCRYSTIC, p[=a]-l[=e]-[=o]-kris'tik, _adj._ consisting of ancient ice.
PALÆOGRAPHY, PALEOGRAPHY, p[=a]-l[=e]-og'ra-fi, _n._ ancient modes of
writing: study of ancient writings and modes of writing.--_n._
PALÆOG'RAPHER, one skilled in palæography.--_adjs._ PALÆOGRAPH'IC, -AL, of
or pertaining to palæography.--_n._ PALÆOG'RAPHIST. [Gr. _palaios_,
ancient, _graphein_, to write.]
PALÆOLITHIC, p[=a]-l[=e]-[=o]-lith'ik, _adj._ of or pertaining to the time
when early stone implements were used: the first half of the stone
age.--_n._ PALÆOL'ITH, a rude stone implement or object of the earlier
stone age. [Gr. _palaios_, ancient, _lithos_, a stone.]
PALÆOLOGY, p[=a]-l[=e]-ol'[=o]-ji, _n._ a discourse or treatise on
antiquities: archæology.--_n._ PALÆOL'OGIST, one versed in palæology: a
student of antiquity. [Gr. _palaios_, ancient, _logia_, discourse.]
PALÆONTOGRAPHY, p[=a]-l[=e]-on-tog'ra-fi, _n._ the description of fossil
remains.--_adj._ PALÆONTOGRAPH'ICAL, pertaining to palæontography. [Gr.
_palaios_, ancient, _onta_, existences, _graphein_, to write.]
PALÆONTOLOGY, p[=a]-l[=e]-on-tol'[=o]-ji, _n._ the science of the ancient
life of the earth: description of fossil remains: archæology.--_adj._
PALÆONTOLOG'ICAL, belonging to palæontology.--_n._ PALÆONTOL'OGIST, one
versed in palæontology. [Gr. _palaios_, ancient, _onta_, existences,
_logia_, discourse.]
PALÆOPHYTOLOGY, p[=a]-l[=e]-[=o]-f[=i]-tol'[=o]-ji, _n._ palæobotany.
PALÆOSAURUS, p[=a]-l[=e]-[=o]-saw'rus, _n._ a genus of fossil saurian
reptiles belonging to the Permian period. [Gr. _palaios_, ancient,
_sauros_, lizard.]
PALÆOTHERIUM, p[=a]-l[=e]-[=o]-th[=e]'ri-um, _n._ a genus of fossil
pachydermatous mammalia in the Eocene beds. [Gr. _palaios_, ancient,
_th[=e]rion_, a wild beast.]
PALÆOZOIC, p[=a]-l[=e]-[=o]-z[=o]'ik, _adj._ denoting the lowest division
of the fossiliferous rocks, so called because they contain the earliest
forms of life. [Gr. _palaios_, ancient, _zo[=e]_, life.]
PALÆOZOOLOGY, p[=a]-l[=e]-[=o]-z[=o]-ol'[=o]-ji, _n._ geologic
zoology.--_adjs._ PALÆOZOOLOG'IC, -AL.
PALÆTIOLOGY, p[=a]-l[=e]-ti-ol'[=o]-ji, _n._ the science which explains
past conditions by the law of causation.--_adj._ PALÆTIOLOG'ICAL.--_n._
PALÆTIOL'OGIST.
PALAMA, pal'a-ma, _n._ the webbing of the toes of a bird:--_pl._
PAL'AMÆ.--_adj._ PAL'AM[=A]TE. [Gr. _palam[=e]_.]
PALAMPORE, pal'am-p[=o]r, _n._ a flowered chintz bedcover common in the
East.--Also PAL'EMPORE. [Prob. from the Ind. town of _Palamp[=u]r_.]
PALANQUIN, PALANKEEN, pal-an-k[=e]n', _n._ a light covered carriage used
in India, &c., for a single person, and borne on the shoulders of men.
[Hind. _palang_, a bed--Sans. _palyanka_, a bed.]
PALAPTERYX, pal-ap't[.e]r-iks, _n._ a genus of fossil birds found in New
Zealand, resembling the Apteryx. [Gr. _palaios_, ancient, and _apteryx_.]
PALAS, pal'as, _n._ a small bushy Punjab bean, yielding a kind of kino,
Butea gum.
PALATE, pal'[=a]t, _n._ the roof of the mouth, consisting of two portions,
the hard palate in front and the soft palate behind: taste: relish: mental
liking.--_v.t._ to taste.--_adj._ PAL'ATABLE, agreeable to the palate or
taste: savoury.--_n._ PAL'ATABLENESS, the quality of being agreeable to the
taste.--_adv._ PAL'ATABLY.--_adj._ PAL'ATAL, pertaining to the palate:
uttered by aid of the palate--also PAL'ATINE.--_n._ a letter pronounced
chiefly by aid of the palate, as _k_, _g_, _e_, _i_.--_v.t._ PAL'ATALISE,
to make palatal.--_adj._ PALAT'IC.--CLEFT PALATE, a congenital defect of
the palate, leaving a longitudinal fissure in the roof of the mouth. [O.
Fr. _palat_--L. _palatum_.]
PALATIAL, pa-l[=a]'shi-al, _adj._ of or pertaining to a palace: resembling
a palace: royal: magnificent.
PALATINE, pal'a-tin, _adj._ pertaining to a palace, originally applied to
officers of the royal household: possessing royal privileges.--_n._ a noble
invested with royal privileges: a subject of a palatinate.--_n._
PALAT'INATE, office or rank of a palatine: province of a palatine, esp. an
electorate of the ancient German Empire.--COUNT PALATINE, a feudal lord
with supreme judicial authority over a province; COUNTY PALATINE, the
province of a count palatine. [Fr.,--L. _palatinus._ Cf. _Palace._]
PALAVER, pa-lav'[.e]r, _n._ talk or conversation, esp. idle talk: talk
intended to deceive: a public conference: in Africa, a talk with the
natives.--_v.i._ to use conversation: to flatter: to talk idly.--_n._
PALAV'ERER. [Port. _palavra_--L. _parabola_, a parable.]
PALAY, pa-l[=a]', _n._ a small S. Indian tree of the dogbane family, with
hard white wood.--Also _Ivory-tree_.
PALE, p[=a]l, _n._ a narrow piece of wood driven into the ground for use in
enclosing grounds: anything that encloses or fences in: any enclosed field
or space: limit: district: a broad stripe from top to bottom of a shield in
heraldry.--_v.t._ to enclose with stakes: to encompass.--_n._
PALIFIC[=A]'TION, act of strengthening by stakes.--_adj._
PAL'IFORM.--ENGLISH PALE, the district in Ireland within which alone the
English had power for centuries after the invasion in 1172. [Fr. _pal_--L.
_palus_, a stake.]
PALE, p[=a]l, _adj._ somewhat white in colour: not ruddy or fresh: wan: of
a faint lustre, dim: light in colour.--_v.t._ to make pale.--_v.i._ to turn
pale.--_ns._ PALE'-ALE, a light-coloured pleasant bitter ale; PALE'BUCK, an
antelope, the oribi.--_adj._ PALE'-EYED (_Shak._), having the eyes
dimmed.--_n._ PALE'-FACE, a white person.--_adj._ PALE'-HEART'ED (_Shak._),
dispirited.--_adv._ PALE'LY.--_n._ PALE'NESS.--_adjs._ PALE'-VIS'AGED
(_Shak._), having no colour in the face; P[=A]'LISH, somewhat pale.
[Fr.,--L. _pallidus_, pale.]
PALEA, p[=a]'l[=e]-a, _n._ (_bot._) a chaffy bract at the base of the
florets in many _Compositæ_, also one of the inner scales of a grass-flower
opposite the flowering glume: the throat-wattle, as in turkeys:--_pl._
P[=A]'LEÆ.--_adj._ PALE[=A]'CEOUS (_bot._), resembling, consisting of, or
furnished with chaff: chaffy. [L. _palea_, chaff.]
PALEOTYPE, p[=a]'l[=e]-[=o]-t[=i]p, _n._ a system of spelling invented by
A. J. Ellis, according to which all spoken sounds can be represented by the
letters in common use, some of them being used upside down as well as in
the usual way, to express varieties of sound.
PALES, p[=a]'l[=e]z, _n._ an ancient Roman divinity of flocks.--_n._
PALIL'IA, the festival of Pales, held on April 21, the traditional date of
the founding of Rome.
PALESTINIAN, pal-es-tin'i-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Palestine_.--PALESTINE
SOUP (see ARTICHOKE).
PALESTRA, p[=a]-les'tra, _n._ a wrestling school: the exercise of
wrestling: any training school: academic oratory.--_adjs._ PALES'TRAL,
PALES'TRIAN, PALES'TRIC, -AL, pertaining to wrestling: athletic. [L.,--Gr.
_palaistra_--_pal[=e]_, wrestling.]
PALETOT, pal'e-t[=o], _n._ a loose overcoat. [Fr.]
PALETTE, pal'et, _n._ a little oval board on which a painter mixes his
colours: the special arrangement of colours for any particular picture: a
plate against which a person presses his breast to give force to a drill
worked by the hand: a small plate covering a joint in armour.--_n._
PAL'ETTE-KNIFE, a thin round-pointed knife for mixing colours on the
grinding slab. [Fr.,--It. _paletta_--_pala_, spade--L. _pala_, a spade.]
PALFREY, pal'fri, _n._ a saddle-horse, esp. for a lady.--_adj._ PAL'FREYED,
riding on, or supplied with, a palfrey. [Fr. _palefroi_--Low L.
_paraveredus_, prob. from Gr. _para_, beside, Low L. _veredus_, a
post-horse--L. _veh[)e]re_, to draw, _rheda_, a carriage.]
PALI, pä'l[=e], _n._ the sacred language of the Buddhists of eastern India,
closely allied to Sanskrit.
PALILLOGY, p[=a]-lil'[=o]-ji, _n._ a repetition of a word or phrase. [Gr.
_palillogia_--_palin_, again, _legein_, to say.]
PALIMPSEST, pal'imp-sest, _n._ a manuscript which has been written upon
twice, the first writing having been rubbed off to make room for the
second: an engraved brass plate, with a new inscription on the reverse
side. [Gr. _palimps[=e]ston_--_palin_, again, _ps[=e]stos_, rubbed.]
PALINAL, pal'i-nal, _adj._ moving backward. [Gr. _palin_.]
PALINDROME, pal'in-dr[=o]m, _n._ a word, verse, or sentence that reads the
same either backward or forward, as Adam's first words to Eve: 'Madam, I'm
Adam.'--_adjs._ PALINDROM'IC, -AL.--_n._ PAL'INDROMIST, an inventor of
palindromes. [Gr. _palindromia_--_palin_, back, _dromos_, a running.]
PALING, p[=a]l'ing, _n._ pales collectively: a fence.
PALINGENESIS, pal-in-jen'e-sis, _n._ a new birth or a second creation:
regeneration: the development of an individual germ in which it repeats
that of its ancestors: the recurrence of historical events in the same
order in an infinite series of cycles--also PAL'INGENY,
PALING[=E]'SIA.--_adj._ PALINGET'IC.--_adv._ PALINGET'ICALLY. [Gr. _palin_,
again, _genesis_, birth.]
PALINODE, pal'i-n[=o]d, _n._ a poem retracting a former one: a
recantation.--_adjs._ PALIN[=O]'DIAL, PALINOD'IC.--_n._ PAL'IN[=O]DIST, a
writer of palinodes. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr.,--_palin_, back, _[=o]d[=e]_, song.]
PALISADE, pal-i-s[=a]d' _n._ a fence of pointed pales or stakes firmly
fixed in the ground.--_v.t._ to surround with a palisade.--Also
PALIS[=A]'DO:--_pl._ PALIS[=A]'DOES. [Fr.,--L. _palus_, a stake.]
PALISANDER, pal-i-san'd[.e]r, _n._ rosewood. [Fr.]
PALISSÉE, pal-i-s[=a]', _adj._ (_her._) battlemented, the indentations
pointing both up and down. [Fr.]
PALKEE, pal'k[=e], _n._ a palanquin.--_n._ PAL'KEE-GHAR'RY, a wheeled
vehicle like a palanquin. [Hind.]
PALL, pawl, _n._ a cloak or mantle, an outer garment: a chalice-cover:
(_her._) a Y-shaped bearing charged with crosses _patté fitché_, as in the
arms of the see of Canterbury--sometimes reversed: a pallium (q.v.): a
curtain or covering: the cloth over a coffin at a funeral: that which
brings deep sorrow.--_n._ PALL'-BEAR'ER, one of the mourners at a funeral
who used to hold up the corners of the pall. [A.S. _pæll_, purple cloth--L.
_palla_, a mantle; cf. _Pallium_, a cloak.]
PALL, pawl, _v.i._ to become vapid, insipid, or wearisome.--_v.t._ to make
vapid: to dispirit or depress. [W. _pallu_, to fail, _pall_, failure.]
PALLADIAN, pa-l[=a]'di-an, _adj._ in the style of architecture introduced
by Andrea _Palladio_ (1518-80), modelled on Vitruvius, its faults a
superfluity of pilasters and columns, broken entablatures, and
inappropriate ornament.--_n._ PALL[=A]'DIANISM.
PALLADIUM, pal-l[=a]'di-um, _n._ a statue of _Pallas_, on the preservation
of which the safety of ancient Troy depended: any safeguard: a rare metal
in colour and ductility resembling platinum.--_adj._ PALL[=A]'DIAN.--_v.t._
PALL[=A]'DIUMISE, to coat with palladium. [L.,--Gr. _palladion_--_Pallas_,
_Pallados_, Pallas.]
PALLAH, pal'a, _n._ a small African antelope.
PALLAS, pal'as, _n._ the Greek goddess of wisdom and war--the Roman
Minerva.--Also PALLAS ATHENE.
PALLESCENCE, pal-les'ens, _n._ paleness.
PALLET, pal'et, _n._ a palette: the tool used by potters for shaping their
wares: an instrument for spreading gold-leaf: a tool used in lettering the
backs of books: one of the points moved by the pendulum of a clock which
check the motion of the escape or balance wheel: a disc in the endless
chain of a chain-pump: a ballast-locker in a ship: a valve by which the
admission of air from the bellows to an organ-pipe may be regulated from
the keyboard: a board for carrying newly moulded bricks. [_Palette_.]
PALLET, pal'et, _n._ a mattress, or couch, properly a mattress of straw.
[Prov. Fr. _paillet_, dim. of Fr. _paille_, straw--L. _palea_, chaff.]
PALLIAL, pal'i-al, _adj._ pertaining to a pallium.--_n._ PALL'IAMENT
(_Shak._), a robe.
PALLIASSE, pa-lyas', _n._ Same as PAILLASSE.
PALLIATE, pal'i-[=a]t, _v.t._ to cover, excuse, extenuate: to soften by
pleading something in favour of: to mitigate.--_n._ PALLI[=A]'TION, act of
palliating: extenuation: mitigation.--_adj._ PALL'I[=A]TIVE, serving to
extenuate: mitigating.--_n._ that which lessens pain, disease, &c.--_adj._
PALL'I[=A]TORY. [L. _palli[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to cloak--_pallium_, a
cloak.]
PALLID, pal'id, _adj._ pale, wan.--_ns._ PALLID'ITY, PALL'IDNESS.--_adv._
PALL'IDLY. [L. _pallidus_, pale.]
PALLIUM, pal'i-um, _n._ a large, square mantle, worn by learned Romans in
imitation of the Greeks: an annular white woollen band, embroidered with
black crosses, worn by the Pope, and on some occasions by archbishops, to
whom it is granted: (_ornith._) the mantle:--_pl._ PALL'IA.--_adj._
PALL'IAL. [L.]
PALL-MALL, pel-mel', _n._ an old game, in which a ball was driven through
an iron ring with a mallet: an alley where the game used to be played,
hence the street in London.--_adv._ in pall-mall fashion. [O. Fr.
_pale-maille_--Old It. _palamaglio_--_palla_--Old High Ger. _pallá_ (Ger.
_ball_, Eng. _ball_), and _maglio_--L. _malleus_, a hammer.]
PALLOMETRIC, pal-o-met'rik, _adj._ pertaining to the measurement of
artificial vibrations in the earth's surface. [Gr. _pallein_, to shake,
_metron_, a measure.]
PALLONE, päl-l[=o]'n[=a], _n._ a game like tennis played with a ball, which
is struck by the arm covered by a guard. [It.]
PALLOR, pal'or, _n._ quality or state of being pallid or pale: paleness.
[L.,--_pall[=e]re_, to be pale.]
PALM, päm, _n._ the inner part of the hand: a measure of length equal to
the breadth of the hand, or to its length from wrist to finger-tip: a
measure of 3 and sometimes of 4 inches: that which covers the palm: the
fluke of an anchor: the flattened portion of an antler.--_v.t._ to stroke
with the palm or hand: to conceal in the palm of the hand: (esp. with
_off_, and _on_, or _upon_) to impose by fraud.--_n._ PAL'MA, the palm: the
enlarged proximal joint of the fore tarsus of a bee.--_adjs._ PAL'MAR, -Y,
relating to the palm of the hand; PAL'M[=A]TE, -D, shaped like the palm of
the hand: (_bot._) divided into sections, the midribs of which run to a
common centre: entirely webbed, as the feet of a duck.--_adv._
PAL'M[=A]TELY.--_adjs._ PALMAT'IFID (_bot._), shaped like the hand, with
the divisions extending half-way, or slightly more, down the leaf;
PALMAT'IFORM, shaped like an open palm; PALMED, having palms. [Fr.
_paume_--L. _palma_, the palm of the hand; Gr. _palam[=e]_.]
PALM, päm, _n._ a tropical, branchless tree of many varieties, bearing at
the summit large leaves like the palm of the hand: a leaf of this tree
borne in token of rejoicing or of victory: (_fig._) triumph or
victory.--_adjs._ PALM[=A]'CEOUS, belonging to the order of palm-trees;
PALM[=A]'RIAN, PAL'MARY, worthy of the palm: pre-eminent.--_ns._
PALM'-BUTT'ER, palm-oil; PALM'ERY, a place for growing palms; PALM'HOUSE, a
glass house for raising palms and other tropical plants.--_adjs._
PALMIF'EROUS, producing palm-trees; PALMIT'IC, pertaining to, or obtained
from, palm-oil.--_ns._ PAL'MITINE, a white fat, usually occurring, when
crystallised from ether, in the form of scaly crystals--abundant in
palm-oil; PALM'-OIL, an oil or fat obtained from the pulp of the fruit of
palms, esp. of the oil-palm, allied to the coco-nut palm: (_slang_) a bribe
or tip; PALM'-S[=U]'GAR, jaggery; PALM'-SUN'DAY, the Sunday before Easter,
in commemoration of the day on which our Saviour entered Jerusalem, when
palm-branches were strewed in His way by the people; PALM'-WINE, the
fermented sap of certain palms.--_adj._ PALM'Y, bearing palms: flourishing:
victorious.--PALMA CHRISTI, the castor-oil plant. [A.S. from L., as above.]
PALMER, päm'[.e]r, _n._ a pilgrim from the Holy Land, distinguished by his
carrying a branch of palm: a cheat at cards or dice.--_ns._ PAL'MERIN, any
medieval knightly hero, from the Palmerin romances, the original hero
_Palmerin_ de Oliva; PALM'ER-WORM (_B._), a hairy worm which wanders like a
palmer, devouring leaves, &c.
PALMETTE, pal'met, _n._ an ornament, somewhat like a palm-leaf, cut or
painted on mouldings, &c. [Fr.]
PALMETTO, pal-met'[=o], _n._ a name for several fan-palms, esp. the
cabbage-palm of Florida, &c.: a hat made of palmetto-leaves. [Sp.,--L.
_palma_.]
PALMIGRADE, pal'mi-gr[=a]d, _adj._ noting animals that walk on the sole of
the foot and not merely on the toes: plantigrade. [L. _palma_, palm,
_gradi_, to walk.]
PALMIPED, pal'mi-p[=e]d, _adj._ web-footed.--_n._ a web-footed or swimming
bird:--_pl._ PALMIP'EDES (-[=e]z). [L. _palma_, palm of the hand, _pes_,
_pedis_, the foot.]
PALMIST, pal'mist, or pä'mist, _n._ one who tells fortunes by the lines and
marks of the palm--also PAL'MISTER (or pä'-).--_n._ PAL'MISTRY (or pä'-),
the practice of telling fortunes by the lines, &c., of the palm.
PALMYRA, pal-m[=i]'ra, _n._ an East Indian palm furnishing the greater part
of the palm-wine of India (_Toddy_).--_adj._ and _n._ PALMYRENE',
pertaining to the ancient Syrian city of _Palmyra_ or Tadmor.
PALOLO, pa-l[=o]'l[=o], _n._ an edible annelid allied to the lugworm, found
near Polynesian coral-reefs.
PALP, palp, _n._ a jointed sensiferous organ attached in pairs to the
labium or maxilla of insects, and thus distinguished from antennæ, which
are on the top of the head--also PAL'PUS:--_pl._ PAL'PI.--_adjs._ PAL'PAL;
PALPED; PAL'PIFORM; PALPIG'EROUS, bearing palpi; PALP'LESS.--_n._
PAL'P[=U]LUS, a little palp. [Low L. _palpus_--L. _palp[=a]re_, to stroke.]
PALPABLE, pal'pa-bl, _adj._ that can be touched or felt: easily perceived
or found out, as lies, &c.: looking as if it might be touched or felt:
obvious, gross.--_ns._ PALPABIL'ITY, PAL'PABLENESS, quality of being
palpable: obviousness.--_adv._ PAL'PABLY.--_v.t._ PAL'P[=A]TE, to examine
by touch.--_n._ PALP[=A]'TION, the act of examining by means of touch.
[Fr.,--L. _palpabilis_--_palp[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to touch softly.]
PALPEBRAL, pal'pe-bral, _adj._ of or pertaining to the eyelids.--_adjs._
PAL'PEBR[=A]TE, having eyebrows; PAL'PEBROUS, having heavy eyebrows. [L.
_palpebra_, the eyelid.]
PALPIFER, pal'pi-f[.e]r, _n._ an outer lobe of the maxilla.--_adj._
PALPIF'EROUS.
PALPITATE, pal'pi-t[=a]t, _v.i._ to move often and quickly: to beat
rapidly: to throb: to pulsate.--_adj._ PAL'PITANT (_arch._),
palpitating.--_n._ PALPIT[=A]'TION, act of palpitating: irregular action of
the heart, caused by excitement, excessive exertion, or disease. [L.
_palpit[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, freq. of _palp[=a]re_. Cf. _Palpable_.]
PALSGRAVE, palz'gr[=a]v, _n._ one who has charge of a royal household: one
of a special order of nobility, esp. one of the hereditary rulers of the
Palatinate:--_fem._ PALS'GRAVINE.
PALSTAFF, pal'staf, _n._ an old Celtic and Scandinavian weapon--a wedge of
stone or metal fixed by a tongue in a staff. [Dan.,--Ice. _pálstafr_.]
PALSY, pawl'zi, _n._ a loss of power or of feeling, more or less complete,
in the muscles of the body: paralysis.--_v.t._ to affect with palsy: to
deprive of action or energy: to paralyse:--_pa.p._ pal'sied. [Fr.
_paralysie_--Gr. _paralysis_. Cf. _Paralysis_.]
PALTER, pawl't[.e]r, _v.i._ to trifle in talk: to use trickery: to dodge:
to shuffle: to equivocate.--_n._ PAL'TERER. [Prob. conn. with _paltry_.]
PALTRY, pawl'tri, _adj._ mean: vile: worthless.--_adv._ PAL'TRILY.--_n._
PAL'TRINESS. [Teut.; Dan. _pialter_, rags, Low Ger. _paltrig_, ragged.]
PALUDAL, pal'[=u]-dal, _adj._ pertaining to marshes: marshy--also
PAL'[=U]DINE, PAL[=U]'DINOUS, PAL'[=U]DOSE, PALUS'TRAL, PALUS'TRINE.--_n._
PAL'UDISM, marsh poisoning. [L. _palus_, _paludis_, a marsh.]
PALUDAMENTUM, p[=a]-l[=u]-da-men'tum, _n._ a military cloak worn by a Roman
Imperator, or by members of his staff.--Also PAL[=U]'DAMENT. [L.]
PALY, p[=a]'li, _adj._ pale: wanting colour: (_her._) divided by pales into
equal parts.
PAM, pam, _n._ the knave of clubs at loo.
PAMPAS, pam'paz, _n.pl._ vast plains, without trees, in South America,
south of the Amazon--north of that river they are called _llanos_.--_n._
PAM'PAS-GRASS, a tall, ornamental, reed-like grass with large thick silvery
panicles.--_adj._ PAM'P[=E]AN.
PAMPER, pam'p[.e]r, _v.t._ to feed with fine food: to gratify to the full:
to glut.--_ns._ PAM'PEREDNESS; PAM'PERER. [A freq. from _pamp_, a nasalised
form of _pap_; cf. Low Ger. _pampen_--_pampe_, pap.]
PAMPERO, pam-p[=a]'ro, _n._ a violent south-west wind which sweeps over the
pampas of South America. [Sp.,--_pampa_, a plain.]
PAMPHLET, pam'flet, _n._ a small book consisting of one or more sheets
stitched together, but not bound: a short essay on some interesting
subject.--_n._ PAMPHLETEER', a writer of pamphlets.--_p.adj._
PAMPHLETEER'ING, writing pamphlets.--_n._ the practice of writing
pamphlets. [Ety. dub.; acc. to Skeat, perh. through Fr. from _Pamphila_, a
1st cent. female writer of epitomes; others suggest Fr. _paume_, the palm
of the hand, and _feuillet_, a leaf.]
PAMPHRACT, pam'frakt, _adj._ (_rare_) protected completely, as by a coat of
mail. [Gr. _pam_, _pan_, all, _phraktos_--_phrassein_, to fence in.]
PAMPHYSICAL, pam-fiz'ik-al, _adj._ pertaining to nature regarded as
embracing all things.
PAMPINIFORM, pam-pin'i-form, _adj._ curling like the tendril of a vine. [L.
_pampinus_, a tendril.]
PAMPLEGIA, pam-pl[=e]'ji-a, _n._ general paralysis. [Gr. _pan_, all,
_pl[=e]g[=e]_, a blow.]
PAN, pan, _n._ a broad, shallow vessel for domestic use, or for use in the
arts or manufactures: anything resembling a pan in shape, as the upper part
of the skull: the part of a firelock which holds the priming.--_v.t._ to
treat with the panning process, as earth, or to separate by shaking the
auriferous earth with water in a pan: to obtain in any way, to secure: to
cook and serve in a pan.--_v.i._ to yield gold: to appear, as gold, in a
pan: to turn out well, according to expectation: to try to find gold with
the pan process.--PAN OUT, to yield or afford, to result; PANNED OUT
(_U.S._), exhausted, bankrupt.--FLASH IN THE PAN, to flash and go out
suddenly, not igniting the charge--of the powder in the pan of a flint-lock
firearm: to fail after a fitful effort, to give up without accomplishing
anything; HARD-PAN (see HARD). [A.S. _panne_--prob. through the Celt., from
Low L. _panna_--L. _patina_, a basin.]
PAN, pan, _n._ the Greek god of pastures, flocks, and woods, worshipped in
Arcadia, and fond of music--with goat's legs and feet, and sometimes horns
and ears.--_n._ PAN'S'-PIPES (see PANDEAN).
PANACEA, pan-a-s[=e]'a, _n._ a universal medicine: (_bot._) the plant
Allheal (_Valeriana officinalis_). [Gr. _panakeia_--_pas_, _pan_, all,
_akos_, cure.]
PANACHE, pa-nash', _n._ a plume of feathers, used as a head-dress. [Fr.]
PANADA, pa-nä'da, _n._ a dish made by boiling bread to a pulp in water,
with sweetening and flavour: a batter for forcemeats. [Sp.]
PANÆSTHESIA, pan-es-th[=e]'si-a, _n._ common sensation, as distinct from
special sensations or sense-perceptions.--_n._ PANSÆS'THETISM.
PANAGIA, pa-n[=a]'ji-a, _n._ an epithet of the Virgin in the Eastern
Church: an ornament worn hanging on the breast by Russian bishops--also
PAN[=A]'GHIA.--_n._ PANAGI[=A]'RION, a paten on which the loaf is placed,
used in the 'elevation of the _Panagia_.' [Gr., 'all holy,' _pas_, all,
_hagios_, holy.]
PAN-AMERICAN, pan-a-mer'i-kan, _adj._ including all the divisions of
America collectively.
PAN-ANGLICAN, pan-ang'gli-kan, _adj._ representing or including all
Christians everywhere who hold the doctrines and polity of the Anglican
Church.
PANARITIUM, pan-a-rish'i-um, _n._ suppurative inflammation in a
finger--same as _whitlow_.
PANARTHRITIS, pan-är-thr[=i]'tis, _n._ inflammation involving all the
structures of a joint.
PANARY, pan'a-ri, _adj._ of or pertaining to bread.--_n._ a storehouse for
bread: a pantry. [L. _panis_, bread.]
PANATHENÆA, pan-ath-[=e]-n[=e]'a, _n.pl._ the chief national festival of
ancient Athens--the lesser held annually, the greater every fourth
year.--_adjs._ PANATHENÆ'AN, PANATHEN[=A]'IC. [Gr.]
PANAX, pa-naks', _n._ a genus of shrubs with radiately or pinnately
compound leaves and small flowers in compound umbels, the ginseng. [Gr.,
'all healing.']
PANCAKE, pan'k[=a]k, _n._ a thin cake of eggs, flour, sugar, and milk fried
in a pan.--_n._ PAN'CAKE-ICE, thin ice forming in smooth water.--PANCAKE
TUESDAY, Shrove Tuesday.
PANCH, panch, _n._ a thick mat made of strands of rope, used in ships in
places to prevent chafing.--Also PAUNCH.
PANCHATANTRA, pan-chä-tänt'rä, _n._ the oldest extant collection of
apologues and stories in Sanskrit literature, arranged in five books.
PANCHEON, pan'chon, _n._ a coarse earthenware pan.--Also PANCH'IN.
[_Pannikin._]
PANCLASTITE, pan-klas't[=i]t, _n._ an explosive substance of slightly less
strength than dynamite, formed of a preparation of nitrogen and carbon.
[Gr. _pan_, all, _klastos_, broken, _klaein_, to break.]
PANCRATIUM, pan-kr[=a]'ti-um, _n._ a contest of boxing and wrestling
combined.--_adjs._ PANCR[=A]'TIAN, PANCRAT'IC.--_ns._ PANCR[=A]'TIAST,
PAN'CRATIST. [Gr. _pan_, all, _kratos_, strength.]
PANCREAS, pan'kr[=e]-as, _n._ a conglomerate gland, lying transversely
across the posterior wall of the abdomen, secreting the pancreatic juice
which pours with the bile into the digestive system.--_adj._ PANCREAT'IC,
pertaining to the pancreas.--_ns._ PAN'CREATIN, the pancreatic juice;
PANCREAT[=I]T'IS, inflammation of the pancreas. [Gr. _pas_, _pan_, all,
_kreas_, flesh.]
PAND, pand, _n._ (_Scot._) a narrow curtain over a bed.
PANDA, pan'da, _n._ a remarkable animal in the bear section of Carnivores
found in the south-east Himalayas.--Also _Chitwah_, or _Red bear-cat_.
PANDANUS, pan-d[=a]'nus, _n._ the screw-pipe, the typical genus of the
_Pandaneæ_. [Malay.]
PANDATION, pan-d[=a]'shun, _n._ a yielding or warping. [L. _pand[=a]re_, to
bend.]
PANDEAN, pan-d[=e]'an, _adj._ of or relating to the god _Pan_.--_n._
PAND[=E]'AN-PIPES, or PAN'S'-PIPES, a musical instrument composed of reeds
of various lengths, said to have been invented by _Pan_: a syrinx.
PANDECT, pan'dekt, _n._ a treatise containing the whole of any science:
(_pl._) the digest of Roman or civil law made by command of the Emperor
Justinian in the 6th century. [L.,--Gr. _pandectes_--_pas_, _pan_, all,
_dechesthai_, to receive.]
PANDEMIC, pan-dem'ik, _adj._ incident to a whole people, epidemic.--_n._ a
pandemic disease.--_n._ PANDEM'IA, a widespread disease. [Gr.
_pand[=e]mios_--_pas_, _pan_, all, _d[=e]mos_, the people.]
PANDEMONIUM, pan-d[=e]-m[=o]'ni-um, _n._ the great hall of evil spirits,
described in _Paradise Lost_: any disorderly assembly, or loud tumultuous
noise. [Gr. _pas_, _pan_, all, _daim[=o]n_, a demon.]
PANDER, pan'd[.e]r, _n._ one who procures for another the means of
gratifying his passions: a pimp.--_v.t._ to play the pander for.--_v.i._ to
act as a pander: to minister to the passions.--_ns._ PAN'DERAGE, act,
employment, or vices of a pander; PAN'DERESS, a procuress; PAN'DERISM, the
employment or practices of a pander.--_adjs._ PAN'DERLY (_Shak._), acting
as a pander; PAN'DEROUS. [_Pandarus_, the pimp in the story of Troilus and
Cressida in the versions of Boccaccio (_Filostrato_), Chaucer, and
Shakespeare.]
PANDICULATION, pan-dik-[=u]-l[=a]'shun, _n._ the act of stretching one's
self after sleep, &c.: restlessness before fever, hysteria, &c.:
yawning.--_adj._ PANDIC'UL[=A]TED, stretched out. [L. _pandicul[=a]ri_,
_-[=a]tus_, to stretch one's self out.]
PANDION, pan-d[=i]'on, _n._ the genus of ospreys or fishing-hawks. [Gr.,
the father of Procne, who was changed into a swallow.]
PANDIT. Same as PUNDIT.
PANDORA, pan-d[=o]'ra, _n._ a beautiful woman to whom Jupiter, in order to
punish the theft of heavenly fire by Prometheus, gave a box containing all
the ills of human life, which, on the box being opened, spread over all the
earth. [Gr., _pan_, all, _d[=o]ron_, a gift.]
PANDORE, pan-d[=o]r', _n._ a musical instrument of the lute kind with three
or four strings--also _Bandore_.--_n._ PAND[=U]'RA, a Neapolitan musical
instrument with eight metal wires, played with a quill.--_adjs._
PAN'DURATE, -D, PAND[=U]'RIFORM, fiddle-shaped. [Gr. _pandoura_, a
3-stringed instrument, invented by _Pan_.]
PANDORE, pan'd[=o]r, _n._ an esteemed variety of oysters found near
Prestonpans on the Firth of Forth.
PANDOUR, pan'd[=oo]r, _n._ a Hungarian foot-soldier in the Austrian
service: a robber.--Also PAN'DOOR. [From _Pandur_, a village in Hungary.]
PANDOWDY, pan-dew'di, _n._ a pudding baked with bread and apples.
PANDY, pan'di, _n._ a stroke on the palm as a school punishment.--_v.t._ to
slap. [L. _pande_, hold out, imper. of _pand[)e]re_, to hold out.]
PANE, p[=a]n, _n._ a plate of glass: a square in a pattern: a flat division
or side in any kind of work: a slash in a dress, showing an under garment,
or for the insertion of a piece of cloth of different colour, &c.: a panel
or piece of cloth of a different colour from the rest, esp. in variegated
work.--_v.t._ to insert panes or panels in.--_adj._ PANED, composed of
panes or small squares: variegated. [Fr. _pan_, a lappet, pane--L.
_pannus_, a cloth, a rag, akin to Gr. _p[=e]nos_, the woof.]
PANEGOISM, pan-[=e]'g[=o]-izm, _n._ Same as _Solipsism_ (q.v.).
PANEGYRIC, pan-[=e]-jir'ik, _n._ an oration or eulogy in praise of some
person or event: an encomium.--_adjs._ PAN[=E]GYR'IC, -AL.--_adv._
PAN[=E]GYR'ICALLY.--_n._ PAN[=E]GYR'ICON, in the Greek Church, a collection
of sermons for festivals.--_v.t._ PAN'[=E]GYRISE, to write or pronounce a
panegyric on: to praise highly.--_ns._ PAN'[=E]GYRIST; PAN'[=E]GYRY
(_obs._). [L.,--Gr. _pan[=e]gyrikos_, fit for a national festival--_pas_,
_pan_, all, _agyris_ (_agora_), an assembly.]
PANEITY, p[=a]-n[=e]'i-ti, _n._ the state of being bread. [L. _panis_,
bread.]
PANEL, pan'el, _n._ a rectangular piece of any material: (_archit._) a flat
surface with raised margins, or with a surrounding frame: a thin board on
which a picture is painted: (_law_) a schedule containing the names of
those summoned to serve as jurors: the jury: (_Scots law_) a prisoner at
the bar: a frame for carrying a mortar: a rail in a post-and-rail
fence.--_v.t._ to furnish with panels:--_pr.p._ pan'elling; _pa.p._
pan'elled.--Also PANN'EL.--_ns._ PAN'EL-GAME, the act of stealing articles
by means of a sliding panel; PAN'ELLING, panel-work; PAN'EL-PIC'TURE, a
picture painted on a panel; PAN'EL-PL[=A]N'ER, a machine for dressing
panels and feathering their edges to fit them to the grooves in the stiles;
PAN'EL-SAW, a saw for cutting very thin wood; PAN'EL-STRIP, a narrow piece
of wood or metal for covering a joint between two panels; PAN'EL-WORK'ING,
a method of working a coal-mine by dividing it into compartments. [O.
Fr.,--Low L. _pannellus_--L. _pannus_, a rag.]
PANEULOGISM, pan-[=u]'l[=o]-jizm, _n._ indiscriminate eulogy.
PANFUL, pan'fool, _n._ the quantity that a pan will hold:--_pl._ PAN'FULS.
PANG, pang, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to cram, stuff with food.
PANG, pang, _n._ a violent but not long-continued pain: a sudden and bitter
feeling of sorrow: a throe.--_v.t._ to cause a pang, to torture.--_adj._
PANG'LESS, free from pain. [A form of _prong_, prob. modified by confusion
with Fr. _poing_, a fist--L. _pugnus_, the fist.]
PANGENESIS, pan-jen'e-sis, _n._ the theory that every separate part of the
whole organisation reproduces itself.--_adj._ PANGENET'IC. [Gr. _pas_,
_pan_, all, _genesis_, production.]
PANGOLIN, pang'g[=o]-lin, _n._ the scaly ant-eater, a name given to the
various species of the genus _Manis_ belonging to the mammalian order
Edentata. [Malay.]
PANGRAMMATIST, pan-gram'a-tist, _n._ one who twists all the letters of the
alphabet into sentences, as in the following example: 'John P. Brady, give
me a black walnut box of quite a small size.'
PAN-HANDLE, pan'-han'dl, _n._ the handle of a pan: a long narrow strip
projecting like this.
PANHARMONICON, pan-har-mon'i-kon, _n._ a mechanical musical instrument of
the orchestrion class.--Also _Orpheus-harmonica_.
PANHELLENIC, pan-hel-en'ik, _adj._ pertaining to all Greece.--_ns._
PANHELL[=E]'NION, or PANHELL[=E]'NIUM, a council representing all the
sections of the Greeks; PANHELL'ENISM, a scheme for forming all Greeks into
one political body; PANHELL'ENIST, one who favours Panhellenism. [Gr.
_pas_, _pan_, all, _Hell[=e]nikos_, Greek--_Hellas_, Greece.]
PANIC, pan'ik, _n._ extreme or sudden fright: great terror without any
visible ground or foundation: a state of terror about investments produced
by some startling collapse in credit, impelling men to rush and sell what
they possess.--_adj._ of the nature of a panic: extreme or sudden:
imaginary.--_adj._ PAN'ICKY (_coll._), inclined to panic or sudden terror,
affected by financial panic.--_n._ PAN'IC-MONG'ER, one who creates
panics.--_adjs._ PAN'IC-STRICK'EN, PAN'IC-STRUCK, struck with a panic or
sudden fear. [Orig. an adj.; Gr. _panikon_ (_deima_), 'panic' (fear), from
_panikos_, belonging to Pan, god of the woods.]
PANICLE, pan'i-kl, _n._ (_bot._) a form of the arrangement of flowers on a
stalk, in which the cluster is irregularly branched, as in oats.--_n._
PAN'IC, a grass of the genus _Panicum_.--_adjs._ PAN'ICLED (_bot._),
furnished with panicles: arranged in or like panicles; PANIC'UL[=A]TE, -D,
furnished with, arranged in, or like panicles.--_adv._
PANIC'UL[=A]TELY.--_n._ PAN'ICUM, a large genus of true grasses having the
one or two-flowered spikelets in spikes, racemes, or panicles--including
the common millet. [L. _panicula_, double dim. of _panus_, thread wound on
a bobbin, akin to L. _pannus_ and Gr. _p[=e]nos_. See PANE.]
PANIDROSIS, pan-i-dr[=o]'sis, _n._ a perspiration over the whole body. [Gr.
_pas_, _pan_, all, _hidr[=o]s_, perspiration.]
PANIFICATION, pan-i-fi-k[=a]'shun, _n._ a conversion into bread.--_adj._
PANIV'OROUS, eating bread.
PANIONIC, pan-[=i]-on'ik, _adj._ pertaining to all the _Ionian_ peoples.
PANISC, pan'isk, _n._ the god _Pan_, represented as a satyr.
PANISLAMIC, pan-is-lam'ik, _adj._ relating to all _Islam_, or all the
Mohammedan races.--_n._ PANIS'LAMISM, the idea of union amongst the
Mohammedan races.
PANJANDRUM, pan-jan'drum, _n._ an imaginary figure of great power and
importance, a burlesque potentate.--Also PANJAN'DARUM. [A gibberish word.]
PANLOGISM, pan'l[=o]-jizm, _n._ the theory that the universe is an outward
manifestation of the Logos.
PANMELODION, pan-m[=e]-l[=o]'di-on, _n._ a keyboard musical instrument
whose tone is produced by wheels rubbing on metal bars.
PANMIXIA, pan-mik'si-a, _n._ (_biol._) cessation of natural selection, as
on a useless organ.
PANNADE, pa-n[=a]d', _n._ the curvet of a horse.
PANNAGE, pan'[=a]j, _n._ food picked up by swine in the woods, mast; also
the right to this.
PANNEL. Same as PANEL.
PANNICULUS, pa-nik'[=u]-lus, _n._ a thin, sheet-like investment. [L., dim.
of _pannus_, a cloth.]
PANNIER, pan'y[.e]r, or pan'i-[.e]r, _n._ a bread-basket: one of two
baskets thrown across a horse's back, for carrying light produce to market:
(_archit._) a corbel: a contrivance for puffing out a woman's dress at the
hips: a piece of basket-work for protecting archers, or, when filled with
gravel or sand, for forming and protecting dikes, embankments, &c.--_adj._
PANN'IERED, loaded with panniers. [Fr. _panier_--L. _panarium_, a
bread-basket--_panis_, bread.]
PANNIKEL, pan'i-kl, _n._ the brain-pan: (_Spens._) the skull. [Dim. of
_pan_.]
PANNIKIN, pan'i-kin, _n._ a small pan or saucer.
PANNOSE, pan'[=o]s, _adj._ (_bot._) like felt in texture. [L.
_pannosus_--_pannus_, cloth.]
PANNUS, pan'us, _n._ an opaque vascular membrane over the cornea: a tent
for a wound: a birth-mark on the skin. [L., 'cloth.']
PANNUSCORIUM, pan-us-k[=o]'ri-um, _n._ a leather-cloth for boots. [L.
_pannus_, cloth, _corium_, leather.]
PANOCHA, pa-n[=o]'cha, _n._ a Mexican coarse sugar.
PANOCHIA, pa-n[=o]'chi-a, _n._ bubo in the groin or armpit. [Gr. _cheia_, a
hole.]
PANOISTIC, pan-[=o]-is'tik, _adj._ producing ova only--opp. to _Meroistic_.
[Gr. _[=o]on_, an egg.]
PANOPHOBIA, pan-[=o]-f[=o]'bi-a, _n._ a morbid fear of everything. [Gr.
_pas_, _pan_, all, _phobos_, fear.]
PANOPHTHALMITIS, pan-of-thal-m[=i]'tis, _n._ suppurative inflammation of
the whole eye.
PANOPLY, pan'[=o]-pli, _n._ complete armour: a full suit of armour.--_adj._
PAN'OPLIED, dressed in panoply: completely armed.--_n._ PAN'OPLIST, one so
armed. [Gr. _panoplia_--_pas_, _pan_, all, _hopla_ (pl.), arms.]
PANOPTICON, pan-op'ti-kon, _n._ a prison so constructed that all the
prisoners can be watched from one point: an exhibition room. [Gr. _pas_,
_pan_, all, _horaein_, fut. _opsesthai_, to see.]
PANORAMA, pan-[=o]-rä'ma, _n._ a wide or complete view: a picture giving
views of objects in all directions: a picture representing a number of
scenes unrolled and made to pass before the spectator.--_adj._ PANORA'MIC.
[Gr. _pan_, all, _horama_, a view, from _horaein_, to see.]
PANOTITIS, pan-[=o]-t[=i]'tis, _n._ inflammation in both the middle and
internal ear.
PANOTYPE, pan'[=o]-t[=i]p, _n._ a picture made by the collodion process.
PANPHARMACON, pan-far'ma-kon, _n._ a universal remedy.
PAN-PRESBYTERIAN, pan-pres-bi-t[=e]'ri-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to the
whole body of Presbyterians.--PAN-PRESBYTERIAN COUNCIL, a council
representing all the Presbyterian churches throughout the world.
PANSCLEROSIS, pan-skle-r[=o]'sis, _n._ complete thickening and hardening of
the interstitial tissue of a part.
PANSER, pan's[.e]r, _n._ an ancient piece of armour for the abdomen. [O.
Fr. _pansiere_--_panse_, the belly--L. _pantex_, the belly.]
PAN-SLAVIC, pan'-slav'ik, _adj._ pertaining to all the Slavic races.--_ns._
PAN'-SLAV'ISM, a movement for the amalgamation of all the Slavonic races
into one body, with one language, literature, and social polity;
PAN'-SLAV'IST, one who favours Pan-Slavism.--_adjs._ PAN-SLAV[=O]'NIAN,
PAN-SLAVON'IC.
PANSOPHY, pan's[=o]-fi, _n._ a scheme of universal knowledge, esp. that of
the educational reformer, John Amos Comenius (1592-1671): the pretence of
universal wisdom.--_adjs._ PANSOPH'IC, -AL. [Gr. _pas_, _pan_, all,
_sophia_, wisdom.]
PANSPERMATISM, pan-sper'ma-tizm, _n._ the theory of the widespread
diffusion of germs--also PANSPER'MY.--_n._ PANSPER'MATIST, a holder of
this.--_adj._ PANSPER'MIC. [Gr. _pas_, _pan_, all, _sperma_, seed.]
PANSTEREORAMA, pan-ster-[=e]-[=o]-rä'ma, _n._ a model showing every part in
proportional relief, as of a building. [Gr. _pas_, _pan_, all, _stereos_,
solid, _horama_, a view.]
PANSY, pan'zi, _n._ a species of violet developed by cultivation into large
blossoms of great variety of colour--also _Heart's-ease_,
_Love-in-idleness_:--_pl._ PAN'SIES.--_adj._ PAN'SIED. [Fr.
_pensée_--_penser_, to think--L. _pens[=a]re_, to weigh.]
PANT, pant, _v.i._ to breathe hard and quickly: to show excitement by
quickness of breathing: to gasp: to throb: to desire ardently: to heave, as
the breast: to bulge and shrink successively, of iron hulls, &c.--_v.t._ to
gasp out: to long for.--_ns._ PANT, PANT'ING, rapid breathing: palpitation:
longing.--_adv._ PANT'INGLY, in a panting manner: with hard and rapid
breathing. [Imit.; or nasalised from _pat_ (v.t.).]
PANTAGAMY, pan-tag'a-mi, _n._ a system of communistic marriage, once
practised in the Oneida community. [Gr. _panta_, all, _gamos_, marriage.]
PANTAGOGUE, pan'ta-g[=o]g, _n._ a medicine once believed capable of purging
away all morbid humours. [Gr. _panta_, _pas_, all, _ag[=o]gos_, drawing
out--_agein_, to lead.]
PANTAGRAPH, PANTAGRAPHIC, -AL. Same as PANTOGRAPH, &c.
PANTAGRUELISM, pan-ta-gr[=oo]'el-izm, _n._ the theories and practice of
_Pantagruel_ as described by Rabelais (1483-1553)--burlesque ironical
buffoonery as a cover for serious satire: empirical medical theory and
practice.--_adj._ PANTAGRUEL'IAN.--_ns._ PANTAGRUEL'ION, a magic herb
allegorising fortitude, patience, industry; PANTAGRU'ELIST, a cynic who
uses the medium of burlesque.
PANTALEON, pan-tal'[=e]-on, _n._ a musical instrument invented about 1700
by _Pantaleon_ Hebenstreit, a very large dulcimer.
PANTALETS, pan-ta-lets', _n.pl._ long frilled drawers, once worn by women
and children: a removable kind of ruffle worn at the feet of women's
drawers.
PANTALOON, pan-ta-l[=oo]n', _n._ in pantomimes, a ridiculous character, a
buffoon: (_orig._) a ridiculous character in Italian comedy, also a garment
worn by him, consisting of breeches and stockings all in one piece: (_pl._)
a kind of trousers.--_n._ PANTALOON'ERY, buffoonery. [Fr. _pantalon_--It.
_pantalone_, from _Pantaleon_ (Gr. 'all-lion'), the patron saint of
Venice.]
PANTATROPHY, pan-tat'ro-fi, _n._ general atrophy of the whole body.
PANTECHNICON, pan-tek'ni-kon, _n._ a place where every species of
workmanship is sold, or where furniture, &c., is stored. [Gr. _pas_, _pan_,
all, _techn[=e]_, art.]
PANTER, pan't[.e]r, _n._ (_obs._). Same as PANTHER.
PANTHEISM, pan'th[=e]-izm, _n._ the form of monism which identifies mind
and matter, making them manifestations of one absolute being: the doctrine
that there is no God apart from nature or the universe, everything being
considered as part of God, or a manifestation of Him.--_n._ PAN'TH[=E]IST,
a believer in pantheism.--_adjs._ PANTH[=E]IST'IC, -AL.--_ns._
PANTH[=E]OL'OGIST, one versed in pantheology; PANTH[=E]OL'OGY, a system of
theology embracing all religions and the knowledge of all gods.
PANTHEON, pan'th[=e]-on, _n._ a temple dedicated to all the gods, esp. the
round one at Rome, built by Agrippa in 27 B.C.: all the gods of a nation
considered as one body: a complete mythology. [L. _panth[=e]on_--Gr.
_pantheion_ (_hieron_), (a temple) for all gods--_pas_, _pan_, all,
_theos_, a god.]
PANTHER, pan'th[.e]r, _n._ a fierce, spotted, carnivorous quadruped of Asia
and Africa:--_fem._ PAN'THERESS. [Fr. _panthère_--L.,--Gr. _panth[=e]r_.]
PANTILE, pan't[=i]l, _n._ a tile with a curved surface, convex or concave
with reference to its width: a tile whose cross-section forms a double
curve, forming a tegula and imbrex both in one.--_adj._ dissenting--chapels
being often roofed with these.--_n._ PAN'TILING, a system of tiling with
pantiles.
PANTISOCRASY, pan-ti-sok'ra-si, _n._ a Utopian community in which all are
of equal rank or social position. [Gr. _pas_, _pantos_, all, isos, equal,
_kratein_, to rule.]
PANTLER, pant'l[.e]r, _n._ (_Shak._) the officer in a great family who had
charge of the bread and other provisions. [Fr. _panetier_--L. _panis_,
bread.]
PANTOCHRONOMETER, pan-t[=o]-kro-nom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ a combination of
compass, sun-dial, and universal sun-dial.
PANTOFFLE, pan'tof'l, _n._ a slipper. [Fr.]
PANTOGRAPH, pan't[=o]-graf, _n._ an instrument for copying drawings, plans,
&c. on the same, or a different, scale from the original.--_adjs._
PANTOGRAPH'IC, -AL, pertaining to, or done by, a pantograph.--_n._
PANTOG'RAPHY, general description: entire view: process of copying by means
of the pantograph. [Gr. _pan_, all, _graphein_, to write.]
PANTOLOGY, pan-tol'o-ji, _n._ universal knowledge: a view of all branches
of knowledge: a book of universal information.--_adj._ PANTOLOG'IC.--_n._
PANTOL'OGIST. [Gr. _pas_, _pantos_, all, _logia_, description.]
PANTOMETER, pan-tom'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring angles and
perpendiculars.--_n._ PANTOM'ETRY.
PANTOMIME, pan't[=o]-m[=i]m, _n._ one who expresses his meaning by action
without speaking: a play or an entertainment in dumb show: an entertainment
in a theatre, usually about Christmas-time, in which some well-known story
is acted, amidst showy scenery, with music and dancing, concluding with
buffoonery by conventional characters--the clown, pantaloon, harlequin, and
columbine.--_adj._ representing only by action without words.--_adjs._
PANTOMIM'IC, -AL.--_adv._ PANTOMIM'ICALLY.--_n._ PAN'TOMIMIST, an actor in
a pantomime. [Fr.,--L.--Gr. _pantomimos_, imitator of all--_pas_, _pantos_,
all, _mimos_, an imitator.]
PANTOMORPH, pan't[=o]-morf, _n._ that which exists in all shapes.--_adj._
PANTOMOR'PHIC.
PANTON, pan'ton, _n._ a horse-shoe for curing a narrow and hoof-bound heel:
an idle fellow.
PANTOPHAGY, pan-tof'a-ji, _n._ morbid hunger for all kinds of food.--_n._
PANTOPH'AGIST.--_adj._ PANTOPH'AGOUS. [Gr. _panta_, all, _phagein_, to
eat.]
PANTOSCOPE, pan't[=o]-sk[=o]p, _n._ a panoramic camera: a very wide-angled
photographic lens.--_adj._ PANTOSCOP'IC, giving a wide range of vision.
PANTOSTOMATOUS, pan-t[=o]-stom'a-tus, _adj._ ingesting food at any point on
the surface of the body.
PANTRY, pan'tri, _n._ a room or closet for provisions and table
furnishings, or where plate, knives, &c. are cleaned. [Fr. _paneterie_, a
place where bread is distributed--Low L. _panitaria_--L. _panis_, bread.]
PANTS, _n.pl._ (_coll._) trousers, abbrev. of _pantaloons_.
PANURGIC, pan-ur'jik, _adj._ able to do all kinds of work. [Gr. _pan_, all,
_ergon_, work.]
PANZOISM, pan-z[=o]'izm, _n._ the sum of the elements that make up vital
force. [Gr. _pas_, _pan_, all, _z[=o][=e]_, life.]
PAP, pap, _n._ soft food for infants: pulp of fruit: nourishment: (_slang_)
the emoluments or perquisites of public office.--_v.t._ to feed with
pap.--_adjs._ PAPES'CENT, PAP'PY.--_ns._ PAP'MEAT, soft food for infants;
PAP'SPOON, a spoon for infants. [Imit.]
PAP, pap, _n._ a nipple or teat: a woman's breast: a round conical hill, as
the _Paps_ of Jura.
PAPA, pa-pä', or pä'pa, _n._ father: a bishop: a priest of the Greek
Church. [Imit.]
PAPACY, p[=a]'pa-si, _n._ the office of the Pope: the authority of the
Pope: popery: the Popes, as a body.--_adj._ P[=A]'PAL, belonging to, or
relating to, the Pope or to popery: popish.--_v.t._ P[=A]'PALISE, to make
papal.--_v.i._ to conform to popery.--_ns._ P[=A]'PALISM;
P[=A]'PALIST.--_adv._ P[=A]'PALLY.--_ns._ P[=A]PAPH[=O]'BIA, extreme fear
of the Pope, or the progress of papacy; P[=A]'PARCHY, papal government.
[Low L. _papatia_--_papa_, a father.]
PAPAIN, pä'pa-in, _n._ a nitrogenous body, isolated from the juice of the
papaw, one of the digestive ferments applied in some cases of dyspepsia,
either internally or for the predigestion of food.
PAPAVEROUS, pa-pav'[.e]r-us, _adj._ resembling or having the qualities of
the poppy.--_adj._ PAPAVER[=A]'CEOUS, of or like the poppy. [L. _papaver_,
the poppy.]
PAPAW, pa-paw', _n._ the tree _Carica papaya_, or its fruit, native to
South America, but common in the tropics, the trunk, leaves, and fruit
yielding papain (q.v.), the leaves forming a powerful anthelmintic: the
tree _Asimina triloba_, or its fruit, native to the United States. [The
Malabar native name.]
PAPER, p[=a]'p[.e]r, _n._ the material made from rags or vegetable fibres
on which we commonly write and print: a piece of paper: a written or
printed document or instrument, note, receipt, bill, bond, deed, &c.: a
newspaper: an essay or literary contribution, generally brief: paper-money:
paper-hangings for walls: a set of examination questions: free passes of
admission to a theatre, &c., also the persons admitted by such.--_adj._
consisting or made of paper.--_v.t._ to cover with paper: to fold in paper:
to treat in any way by means of paper, as to sand-paper, &c.: to paste the
end-papers and fly-leaves at the beginning and end of a book before fitting
it into its covers.--_ns._ P[=A]'PER-BAR'ON, or -LORD, one who holds a
title that is merely official, like that of a Scotch Lord of Session, &c.,
or whose title is merely by courtesy or convention; P[=A]'PER-CASE, a box
for holding writing materials, &c.; P[=A]'PER-CHASE, the game of hounds and
hares, when the hares scatter bits of paper to guide the hounds;
P[=A]'PER-CIGAR', a cigarette; P[=A]'PER-CLAMP, a frame for holding
newspapers, sheets of music, &c., for easy reference; P[=A]'PER-CLIP, or
_Letter-clip_, an appliance with opening and closing spring, for holding
papers together; P[=A]'PER-CLOTH, a fabric prepared in many of the Pacific
islands from the inner bark of the mulberry, &c.; P[=A]'PER-CRED'IT, credit
given to a person because he shows by bills, promissory notes, &c. that
money is owing to him; P[=A]'PER-CUT'TER, a machine for cutting paper in
sheets, for trimming the edges of books, &c.; P[=A]'PER-DAY, one of certain
days in each term for hearing causes down in the paper or roll of business;
P[=A]'PER-ENAM'EL, an enamel for cards and fine note-paper.--_adj._
P[=A]'PER-FACED (_Shak._), having a face as white as paper.--_ns._
P[=A]'PER-FEED'ER, an apparatus for delivering sheets of paper to a
printing-press, &c.; P[=A]'PER-FILE, an appliance for holding letters, &c.,
for safety and readiness of reference; P[=A]'PER-GAUGE, a rule for
measuring the type-face of matter to be printed, and the width of the
margin; P[=A]'PER-HANG'ER, one who hangs paper on the walls of rooms,
&c.--_n.pl._ P[=A]'PER-HANG'INGS, paper, either plain or with coloured
figures, for hanging on or covering walls.--_ns._ P[=A]'PERING, the
operation of covering or hanging with paper: the paper itself;
P[=A]'PER-KNIFE, -CUT'TER, -FOLD'ER, a thin, flat blade of ivory, &c., for
cutting open the leaves of books and other folded papers; P[=A]'PER-MAK'ER,
one who manufactures paper; P[=A]'PER-MAK'ING; P[=A]'PER-MAR'BLER, one
engaged in marbling paper; P[=A]'PER-MILL, a mill where paper is made;
P[=A]'PER-MON'EY, pieces of paper stamped or marked by government or by a
bank, as representing a certain value of money, which pass from hand to
hand instead of the coin itself; P[=A]'PER-MUS'LIN, a glazed muslin for
dress linings, &c.; P[=A]'PER-NAU'TILUS, or -SAIL'OR, the nautilus;
P[=A]'PER-OFF'ICE, an office in Whitehall where state-papers are kept;
P[=A]'PER-PULP, the pulp from which paper is made; P[=A]'PER-PUNCH, an
apparatus for piercing holes in paper; P[=A]'PER-REED (_B._), the papyrus;
P[=A]'PER-RUL'ER, one who, or an instrument which, makes straight lines on
paper; P[=A]'PER-STAIN'ER, one who prepares paper-hangings;
P[=A]'PER-TEST'ER, a machine for testing the stretching strength of paper;
P[=A]'PER-WASH'ING (_phot._), water in which prints have been washed;
P[=A]'PER-WEIGHT, a small weight for laying on a bundle of loose papers to
prevent them from being displaced.--_adj._ P[=A]'PERY, like paper.--BRISTOL
PAPER or BOARD, a strong smooth paper for drawing on; BROWN-PAPER (see
BROWN); CHINESE PAPER, rice-paper: a fine soft slightly brownish paper made
from bamboo bark, giving fine impressions from engravings; CREAM-LAID
PAPER, a smooth paper of creamy colour, much used for note-paper;
DISTINCTIVE PAPER, a fine silk-threaded fibre paper used in the United
States for bonds, &c.; FILTER-PAPER (see FILTER); HAND-MADE PAPER, that
made wholly by hand, as still with some kinds of printing and drawing
papers; HEIGHT-TO-PAPER, in typefounding, the length of a type from its
face to its foot (11/12 inch); HOT-PRESSED PAPER, paper polished by
pressure between heated plates; IMPERFECT PAPER, sheets of poorer quality,
as the two outside quires of a ream; INDIA PAPER (see INDIAN); JAPANESE
PAPER, a soft fine paper made from the bark of the paper-mulberry, giving
good impressions of plate engravings; LITHOGRAPHIC PAPER, paper used for
taking impressions from lithographic stones; LITMUS PAPER (see LITMUS);
MARBLED PAPER (see MARBLE); PARCHMENT PAPER, a tough paper, prepared in
imitation of parchment by dipping in diluted sulphuric acid and washing
with weak ammonia; PLAIN PAPER, unruled paper: (_phot._) any unglossy
paper; PLATE PAPER, the best class of book paper; PRINTING PAPER (see
PRINT); RAG-PAPER, that made from the pulp of rags; RULED PAPER,
writing-paper ruled with lines for convenience; SENSITISED PAPER (_phot._),
paper chemically treated so that its colour is affected by the action of
light; STATE-PAPER (see STATE); TEST-PAPER (see TEST); TISSUE-PAPER, a very
thin soft paper for wrapping delicate articles, protecting engravings in
books, &c.--also SILK-PAPER; TRACING-PAPER, transparent paper used for
copying a design, &c., by laying it over the original, and copying the
lines shown through it; TRANSFER-PAPER (see TRANSFER); VELLUM PAPER, a
heavy ungrained smooth paper, sometimes used in fine printing; WHATMAN
PAPER, a fine quality of English paper, with fine or coarse grain, used for
etchings, engravings, &c.; WOVE PAPER, paper laid on flannel or felt,
showing no marks of wires; WRAPPING-PAPER, coarse paper used for wrapping
up parcels, &c. [A shortened form of _papyrus_.]
PAPETERIE, pap-e-tr[=e]', _n._ a box containing paper, &c., for writing
purposes: stationery. [Fr.]
PAPHIAN, p[=a]'fi-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Paphos_ in Cyprus, sacred to
Aphrodite: lascivious.--_n._ a native of Paphos, a votary of Aphrodite: a
whore.
PAPIER-MÂCHÉ, pap'y[=a]-mä'sh[=a], _n._ a material consisting either of
paper-pulp or of sheets of paper pasted together, which by a peculiar
treatment resembles varnished or lacquered wood in one class of articles
made of it, and in another class (chiefly architectural ornaments) somewhat
resembles plaster. [Fr. _papier_--L. _papyrus_; _mâché_ is pa.p. of Fr.
_mâcher_, to chew--L. _mastic[=a]re_, to masticate.]
PAPILIONACEOUS, pa-pil-yo-n[=a]'shus, _adj._ (_bot._) having a flower
shaped somewhat like a butterfly, as the bean, pea, &c. [L. _papilio_,
_-onis_, a butterfly.]
PAPILLA, pa-pil'a, _n._ one of the minute elevations on the skin, esp. on
the upper surface of the tongue and on the tips of the fingers, and in
which the nerves terminate: (_bot._) a nipple-like protuberance:--_pl._
PAPILL'Æ.--_adjs._ PAP'ILLAR, PAP'ILLARY, like a papilla, provided with
papillæ; PAP'ILL[=A]TE, formed into a papilla, studded with
papillæ.--_v.i._ and _v.t._ to become a papilla, to cover with
such.--_adjs._ PAPILLIF'EROUS, papillate: bearing one or more fleshy
excrescences; PAPILL'IFORM, like a papilla in form.--_ns._ PAPILL[=I]'TIS,
inflammation of the optic papilla; PAPILL[=O]'MA, a tumour formed by the
hypertrophy of one papilla, or of several, including warts, corns,
&c.--_adjs._ PAPILLOM'ATOUS; PAP'ILL[=O]SE, full of papillæ, warty--also
PAP'ILLOUS; PAPILL'[=U]LATE, finely papillose.--_n._ PAP'ILL[=U]LE, a very
small papilla, a verruca or a variole. [L., a small pustule, dim. of
_papula_.]
PAPILLOTE, pap'il-[=o]t, _n._ a curl-paper, from its fancied resemblance to
a butterfly. [Fr., from _papillot_, old form of _papillon_, butterfly--L.
_papilio_.]
PAPIST, p[=a]'pist, _n._ an adherent of the Pope: a name slightingly given
to a Roman Catholic--(_prov._) P[=A]'PISH, P[=A]'PISHER.--_n._ P[=A]'PISM,
popery.--_adjs._ P[=A]PIST'IC, -AL, pertaining to popery, or to the Church
of Rome, its doctrines, &c.--_adv._ P[=A]PIST'ICALLY.--_n._ P[=A]'PISTRY,
popery.
PAPOOSE, pap-[=oo]s', _n._ a N. Amer. Indian infant, usually wrapped up,
fixed to a board, and thus carried by its mother or hung up for
safety.--Also PAPPOOSE'.
PAPPUS, pap'us, _n._ (_bot._) the fine hair or down which grows on the
seeds of some plants: the first hair on the chin.--_adjs._ PAPPIF'EROUS,
bearing a pappus; PAPP[=O]SE', PAPP'OUS, provided or covered with down. [L.
_pappus_--Gr. _pappos_, down.]
PAPUAN, pap'[=u]-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Papua_ or New Guinea.--_n._ an
inhabitant of Papua: one of a race of black colour, dolichocephalic, with
rough and frizzly hair, inhabiting many of the islands of the Pacific near
Australia. [Malay.]
PAPULOSE, pap'[=u]-l[=o]s, _adj._ full of pimples--also PAP'[=U]LOUS.--_n._
PAP'[=U]LA, a small inflammatory pustule, a pimple:--_pl._
PAP'[=U]LÆ.--_adj._ PAP'[=U]LAR.--_ns._ PAP[=U]L[=A]'TION, the development
of papules; PAP'[=U]LE, a pimple.--_adj._ PAPULIF'EROUS, pimply. [L.
_papula_, a pimple.]
PAPYRUS, pa-p[=i]'rus, _n._ an Egyptian sedge, now scarcely found there,
from the inner pith (_byblos_) of which the ancients made their paper: a
manuscript on papyrus:--_pl._ PAPY'R[=I].--_adjs._ PAPYR[=A]'CEOUS,
PAP'YRAL, PAPYR'[=E]AN, PAP'YRINE, pertaining to the papyrus or to papyri:
like paper in appearance and consistency; PAPYRIT'IOUS, resembling paper,
as the nests of certain wasps.--_n._ PAPYROGRAPH (p[=a]-p[=i]'r[=o]-graf),
a hectograph or apparatus for producing copies of a written or printed
document.--_v.t._ to produce by means of such.--_adj._
P[=A]PYROGRAPH'IC.--_n._ PAPYROG'RAPHY. [L.--Gr. _papyros_, prob.
Egyptian.]
PAR, pär, _n._ state of equality: equal value, the norm or standard: state
or value of bills, shares, &c. when they sell at exactly the price marked
on them--i.e. without _premium_ or _discount_: equality of
condition.--_v.t._ to fix an equality between.--PAR OF EXCHANGE, the value
of coin of one country expressed in that of another.--ABOVE PAR, at a
premium, or at more than the nominal value; AT PAR, at exactly the nominal
value; BELOW PAR, at a discount, or at less than the nominal value; NOMINAL
PAR, the value with which a bill or share is marked, or by which it is
known. [L. _par_, equal.]
PAR, pär, _n._ Same as PARR.
PARA, pa-rä', _n._ a coin of copper, silver, or mixed metal in use in
Turkey and Egypt, the 40th part of a piastre, and worth about 1/18th of a
penny in Turkey and 1/16th in Egypt.
PARABAPTISM, par-a-bap'tizm, _n._ uncanonical baptism.
PARABASIS, pa-rab'a-sis, _n._ the chief of the choral parts in ancient
Greek comedy, usually an address from the poet to the public. [Gr., _para_,
beside, _basis_--_bainein_, to walk.]
PARABEMA, par-a-b[=e]'ma, _n._ in Byzantine ecclesiastical architecture,
the chapel of the prothesis or the diaconicon, or sacristy, where divided
by walls from the bema or sanctuary:--_pl._ PARAB[=E]'MATA.--_adj._
PARABEMAT'IC.
PARABLAST, par'a-blast, _n._ the supplementary or nutritive yolk of a
meroblastic egg or metovum--as distinguished from the _archiblast_, or
formative yolk.--_adj._ PARABLAST'IC. [Gr. _para_, beside, _blastos_, a
germ.]
PARABLE, par'a-bl, _n._ a comparison: a fable or story of something which
might have happened, told to illustrate some doctrine, or to make some duty
clear: (_B._) an apologue, proverb (Ps. lxxviii. 2, Hab. ii. 6).--_v.t._ to
represent by a parable.--_adjs._ PARABOL'IC, -AL, like a parable or a
parabola: expressed by a parable: belonging to, or of the form of, a
parabola.--_adv._ PARABOL'ICALLY. [Gr. _parabol[=e]_--_paraballein_, to
compare--_para_, beside, _ballein_, to throw.]
PARABLEPSIS, par-a-blep'sis, _n._ false vision.--Also PAR'ABLEPSY. [Gr.
_para_, beside, _blepsis_--_bleptein_, to see.]
PARABOLA, par-ab'o-la, _n._ (_geom._) a curve or conic section, formed by
cutting a cone with a plane parallel to its slope (for illustration, see
CONE).--_adjs._ PARABOL'IC; PARABOL'IFORM.--_n._ PARAB'OLOID, the solid
which would be generated by the rotation of a parabola about its principal
axis. [Gr. _parabol[=e]_; cf. _Parable_.]
PARABOLANUS, par-a-b[=o]-l[=a]'nus, _n._ in the early Eastern Church, a lay
assistant to the clergy for waiting on the sick. [Gr. _parabolos_,
reckless.]
PARABOLE, par-ab'o-le, _n._ (_rhet._) a parable, a comparison or
similitude. [Gr.; cf. _Parable_.]
PARACELSIAN, par-a-sel'si-an, _adj._ of or relating to the famous Swiss
philosopher and physician, _Paracelsus_ (1490-1541), or resembling his
theories or practice. The name was coined for himself by Theophrastus
Bombastus von Hohenheim, and apparently implied a claim to be greater than
Celsus.
PARACENTESIS, par-a-sen-t[=e]'sis, _n._ (_surg._) the perforation of a
cavity with a trocar, &c., tapping. [Gr., _para_, beside, _kentein_, to
pierce.]
PARACENTRAL, par-a-sen'tral, _adj._ situated next a centrum.--_adj._
PARACEN'TRIC, approaching to the centre or receding from it.
PARACHORDAL, par-a-k[=o]r'dal, _adj._ (_biol._) lying alongside the cranial
part of the notochord. [Gr. _para_, beside, _chord[=e]_, a chord.]
PARACHROMATISM, par-a-kr[=o]'ma-tizm, _n._ colour-blindness. [Gr. _para_,
beside, _chroma_, colour.]
PARACHRONISM, par-ak'ron-izm, _n._ an error in dating an event by which it
is made to appear later than it really was. [Gr., _para_, beside,
_chronos_, time.]
PARACHROSE, par'a-kr[=o]s, _adj._ (_min._) changing colour by exposure to
weather. [Gr., _para_, beside, _chroa_, colour.]
PARACHUTE, par'a-sh[=oo]t, _n._ an apparatus like an umbrella for
descending safely from a balloon.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to descend by means of
such.--_n._ PAR'ACHUTIST. [Fr., for _par' à chute_, from Fr. _parer_--L.
_par[=a]re_, to prepare, _chute_, a fall--L. _cad[)e]re_.]
PARACLETE, par'a-kl[=e]t, _n._ the Comforter, Advocate, or Intercessor of
John, xiv. 16, 26, 1 John, ii. 1, &c.--the Holy Ghost or Spirit.--_ns._
PARACL[=E]T'ICE, PARACL[=E]T'ICON, an office-book in the Greek Church
containing the troparia of the whole ferial office for the year. [Through
L., from Gr. _parakl[=e]tos_--_parakalein_, _para_, beside, _kalein_, to
call.]
PARACME, pa-rak'm[=e], _n._ (_biol._) the decadence of an evolutionary
series of organisms after reaching its highest point of development. [Gr.
_para_, beside, _akm[=e]_, a point.]
PARACOLPITIS, par-a-kol-p[=i]'tis, _n._ inflammation of the outer coat of
the vagina. [Gr. _para_, beside, _kolpos_, the womb.]
PARACOROLLA, par-a-k[=o]-rol'a, _n._ (_bot._) a crown or appendage of a
corolla, usually as a nectary. [Gr. _para_, beside, L. _corolla_.]
PARACROSTIC, par-a-kr[=o]s'tik, _n._ a poem with the first verse containing
the initial letters of the others.
PARACUSIS, par-a-k[=u]'sis, _n._ disordered hearing. [Gr. _para_, beside,
_akousis_, hearing.]
PARACYANOGEN, par-a-s[=i]-an'[=o]-jen, _n._ a substance obtained by heating
mercury cyanide almost to redness.
PARACYESIS, par-a-s[=i]-[=e]'sis, _n._ extra-uterine pregnancy.
PARADACTYLUM, par-a-dak'ti-lum, _n._ the side of a bird's toe. [Gr. _para_,
beside, _daktylos_, a finger.]
PARADE, par-[=a]d', _n._ the orderly arrangement of troops for exercise or
inspection: a review of troops: the place where such a display takes place:
that which is displayed: great or splendid show of any kind: a public walk
or promenade.--_v.t._ to show off: to marshal in military order.--_v.i._ to
march up and down as if for show: to pass in military order: to march in
procession. [Fr.--Sp. _parada_--_parar_, to halt--L. _par[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_, to prepare.]
PARADIGM, par'a-dim, _n._ an example: model: (_gram._) an example of the
inflection of a word.--_adjs._ PARADIGMAT'IC, -AL, consisting of, or
resembling, paradigms.--_n._ PARADIGMAT'IC, one who narrates the lives of
religious persons by way of examples.--_adv._ PARADIGMAT'ICALLY.
[Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _paradeigma_--_para_, beside, _deiknynai_, to show.]
PARADISE, par'a-d[=i]s, _n._ a park or pleasure-ground, esp. in ancient
Persia: the garden of Eden: heaven: any place of great beauty or state of
blissful delights: the happy abode of the righteous in heaven: (_slang_)
the upper gallery in a theatre: (_archit._) a small private apartment, a
court in front of a church.--_adjs._ PARADIS[=A]'IC, -AL, PARADIS'IAC, -AL,
pertaining to, or resembling, paradise.--_n._ PAR'ADISE-FISH, a Chinese
species of Macropid often kept in aquaria for its beauty of form and
colouring.--_adjs._ PARADIS'IAL, PARADIS'IAN, pertaining to, suitable to,
or resembling paradise; PARADIS'IC, -AL, pertaining to paradise.--BIRD OF
PARADISE, an Eastern bird closely allied to the crow, with splendid
plumage. [Fr. _paradis_--L. _paradisus_--Gr. _paradeisos_, a park, prob.
Persian.]
PARADOS, par'a-dos, _n._ earthworks behind a fortified place, protecting
against a rear attack.
PARADOX, par'a-doks, _n._ that which is contrary to received opinion, or
that which is apparently absurd but really true.--_n._ PAR'ADOXER.--_adjs._
PARADOX'IC, -AL, of the nature of a paradox: inclined to paradoxes, said of
persons.--_adv._ PARADOX'ICALLY.--_ns._ PARADOX'ICALNESS; PARADOX'IDES, a
genus of trilobites; PAR'ADOXIST; PAR'ADOXY, the quality of being
paradoxical.--HYDROSTATIC PARADOX (see HYDROSTATICS). [Through Fr. and L.,
from Gr. _paradoxon_--_para_, contrary to, _doxa_, an opinion.]
PARADOXURE, par-a-dok's[=u]r, _n._ a civet-like carnivore of Southern Asia
and Malaysia, the palm-cat of India.--_adj._ PARADOX[=U]'RINE, having a
paradoxical or peculiarly curling tail.
PARÆSTHESIA, par-es-th[=e]'si-a, _n._ abnormal sensation. [Gr. _para_,
beyond, _aisth[=e]sis_, sensation.]
PARAFFIN, par'af-fin, _n._ a white, transparent, crystalline substance,
obtained from shale, coal-tar, &c., much used instead of wax, tallow, &c.
in making candles--so named as having little affinity--for an alkali--also
PAR'AFFINE.--_v.t._ to coat or impregnate with paraffin.--_ns._
PAR'AFFIN-OIL, any of the mineral burning oils associated with the
manufacture of paraffin; PAR'AFFIN-SCALE, unrefined paraffin. [Fr.,--L.
_parum_, little, _affinis_, allied.]
PARAFFLE, pa-raf'l, _n._ (_Scot._) any pretentious display.
PARAGASTRIC, par-a-gas'trik, _adj._ lying alongside the gastric cavity:
pertaining to the paragaster or the cavity of the sac of a sponge.
PARAGE, par'[=a]j, _n._ equality in law: a woman's portion at marriage.
[_Par._]
PARAGENESIS, par-a-jen'e-sis, _n._ hybridism.--_adjs._ PARAGENET'IC;
PARAGEN'IC, originating with the germ or at the genesis of an individual.
[Gr. _para_, beside, _genesis_, birth.]
PARAGEUSIA, par-a-g[=u]'si-a, _n._ perverted sense of taste--also
PARAGEU'SIS.--_adj._ PARAGEU'SIC. [Gr. _para_, beside, _geusis_, taste.]
PARAGLENAL, par-a-gl[=e]'nal, _n._ the coracoid of a fish--also _adj._ [Gr.
_para_, beside, _gl[=e]n[=e]_, a socket.]
PARAGLOBULIN, par-a-glob'[=u]-lin, _n._ a globulin found in blood-serum,
fibrino-plastin.--Also PARAGL[=O]'BIN.
PARAGLOSSA, par-a-glos'a, _n._ one of the two appendages of the ligula in
insects.--_adjs._ PARAGLOSS'AL; PARAGLOSS'ATE, provided with paraglossæ.
[Gr. _para_, beside, _gl[=o]ssa_, the tongue.]
PARAGNATHOUS, par-ag'n[=a]-thus, _adj._ having both mandibles of equal
length.--_n._ PARAG'N[=A]THISM. [Gr. _para_, beside, _gnathos_, the jaw.]
PARAGOGE, par-a-g[=o]'j[=e], _n._ the addition of a letter or a syllable to
the end of a word, as _amidst_ for _amid_, _generical_ for _generic_--also
called _epithesis_ and _ecstasis_, as opposed to _prosthesis_ and
_apocope_.--_adjs._ PARAGOG'IC, -AL, forming a paragoge: relating to, or of
the nature of, paragoge: added on: additional.--PARAGOGIC FUTURE, the
cohortative tense in Hebrew grammar--a lengthened form of the imperfect or
future tense, usually confined to the first person, giving the sense of
'let me' or 'let us.' [L.,--Gr. from _para_, beyond, _agein_, to lead.]
PARAGON, par'a-gon, _n._ a pattern or model with which comparisons are
made: (_Spens._) a companion or a rival: something supremely excellent: a
size of printing-type intermediate between great-primer and double pica,
equal to 20 points in the newer system.--_v.t._ to compare: to bring into
comparison with: (_Shak._) to surpass. [O. Fr., from Sp. compound prep.
_para con_, in comparison with--L. _pro_, for, _ad_, to, _con=cum_, with.]
PARAGRAM, par'a-gram, _n._ a play upon words: a pun.--_n._ PARAGRAM'MATIST,
a punster. [Gr. _para_, beside, _gramma_, something written, _graphein_, to
write.]
PARAGRAPH, par'a-graf, _n._ a distinct part of a discourse or writing
marked by ¶, or by being begun on a new line, at more than the usual
distance from the margin: a short passage, or a collection of sentences
with unity of purpose.--_v.t._ to form into paragraphs.--_ns._
PAR'AGRAPHER, PAR'AGRAPHIST, one who writes in paragraphs, esp. for
newspapers.--_adjs._ PARAGRAPH'IC, -AL.--_adv._ PARAGRAPH'ICALLY. [The mark
¶ is the reversed initial of this word, which is, through Fr. and Low L.,
from Gr. _paragraphos_--_para_, beside, _graphein_, to write.]
PARAHELIOTROPISM, par-a-h[=e]-li-ot'r[=o]-pizm, _n._ the diurnal sleep of
plants.--_adj._ PARAHELIOTROP'IC. [Gr. _para_, beside, _h[=e]lios_, the
sun, _trepein_, to turn.]
PARAKEET. See PAROQUET.
PARALEIPSIS, par-a-l[=i]p'sis, _n._ (_rhet._) a figure by which one fixes
attention on a subject by pretending to neglect it, as, 'I will not speak
of his generosity, his gentleness of disposition, or his reverence for
sacred things.' [Gr., from _paraleipein_, to leave on one side--_para_,
beside, _leipein_, to leave.]
PARALIPOMENA, par-a-li-pom'e-na, _n.pl._ things passed over, but given in a
supplement, specially the name given in the Septuagint to the First and
Second Books of Chronicles, a recapitulation of Second Samuel and the Books
of Kings. [Late L.,--Gr. _paraleipomena_--_paraleipein_, to pass over.]
PARALLAX, par'a-laks, _n._ an apparent change in the position of an object
caused by change of position in the observer: (_astron._) the difference
between the apparent and real place of a star or other celestial
object.--_adjs._ PARALLAC'TIC, -AL. [Gr. _parallaxis_--_para_, beside,
_allassein_, to change--_allos_, another.]
PARALLEL, par'al-lel, _adj._ side by side: (_geom._) extended in the same
direction and equi-distant in all parts: with the same direction or
tendency: running in accordance with: resembling in all essential points:
like or similar.--_n._ a line equi-distant from another at all points: a
line drawn across a map or round a globe at right angles to the axis,
marking latitude: likeness: a comparison: counterpart: (_pl._) trenches,
dug parallel to the outline of a besieged fortress to protect the besiegers
(_mil._).--_v.t._ to place so as to be parallel: to correspond, or to make
to correspond, to:--_pr.p._ par'alleling or par'allelling; _pa.p._
par'alleled or par'allelled.--_n._ PAR'ALLELISM, state of being parallel:
resemblance: comparison: likeness of form or meaning, as of two statements,
clauses, or verses.--_adj._ PARALLELIS'TIC, of the nature of, or involving,
parallelism.--_adv._ PAR'ALLELLY.--PARALLEL BARS, a pair of bars securely
fixed, 4 to 6 feet above the ground, and about 1½ feet apart, used in
gymnastics to strengthen the arms; PARALLEL FORCES, forces which act in
parallel lines, having a single resultant, readily found by the method of
moments; PARALLEL MOTION, a name given to any linkage by which circular
motion may be changed into straight-line motion; PARALLEL RULERS, a
mathematical instrument for drawing parallel lines. [Fr.,--L.
_parallelus_--Gr. _parall[=e]los_--_para_, beside, _all[=e]l[=o]n_, of one
another--_allos_, another.]
PARALLELEPIPED, par-al-lel-e-p[=i]'ped, _n._ a regular solid, the opposite
sides and ends of which form three pairs of equal parallelograms.--Also
PARALLELEP[=I]'PEDON, improperly PARALLELOP[=I]'PED, PARALLELOP[=I]'PEDON.
[L.,--Gr. _parall[=e]lepipedon_--_parall[=e]los_, _epipedon_, a plane
surface--_epi_, on, _pedon_, the ground.]
PARALLELOGRAM, par-al-lel'[=o]-gram, _n._ a plane four-sided figure, the
opposite sides of which are parallel and equal.--_adjs._
PARALLELOGRAMMAT'IC, -AL, PARALLELOGRAM'MIC, -AL. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr.
_parall[=e]los_, side by side, _gramma_, a line--_graphein_, to write.]
PARALOGISM, par-al'[=o]-jizm, _n._ reasoning beside the point: a conclusion
not following from the premises--also PARAL'OGY.--_v.i._ PARAL'OGISE, to
reason falsely. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _paralogismos_--_para_, beside,
_logismos_--_logos_, discourse.]
PARALYSE, par'a-l[=i]z, _v.t._ to strike with paralysis or palsy: to make
useless: to deaden the action of: to exhaust.--_n._ PARAL'YSIS, a loss of
the power of motion, sensation, or function in any part of the body: palsy:
loss of energy: state of being crippled.--_adj._ PARALYT'IC, of or
pertaining to paralysis: afflicted with or inclined to paralysis.--_n._ one
who is affected with paralysis.--GENERAL PARALYSIS, dementia paralytica.
[Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _paralyein_, _paralysein_--_para_, beside, _lyein_,
loosen.]
PARAMAGNETIC, par-a-mag-net'ik, _adj._ See under DIAMAGNETIC.
PARAMASTOID, par-a-mas'toid, _adj._ situated near the mastoid,
paroccipital.--_n._ a paramastoid process.
PARAMATTA, par-a-mat'a, _n._ a fabric like merino made of worsted and
cotton. [From _Paramatta_ in New South Wales.]
PARAMECIUM, par-a-m[=e]'si-um, _n._ an infusorian in pond water or
vegetable infusions--also _Slipper Animalcule_:--_pl._ PARAM[=E]'CIA. [Gr.
_param[=e]k[=e]s_, long-shaped, _para_, beside, _m[=e]kos_, length.]
PARAMENIA, par-a-m[=e]'ni-a, _n.pl._ disordered menstruation. [Gr. _para_,
beside, _m[=e]n_, a month.]
PARAMERE, par'a-m[=e]r, _n._ (_biol._) a radiated part or organ: either
half of a bi-laterally symmetrical animal--usually _Antimere_.--_adj._
PARAMER'IC. [Gr. _para_, beside, _meros_, a part.]
PARAMETER, par-am'[=e]-t[.e]r, _n._ (_geom._) the constant quantity which
enters into the equation of a curve: in conic sections, a third
proportional to any diameter and its conjugate diameter. [Gr. _para_,
beside, _metron_, measure.]
PARAMNESIA, par-am-n[=e]'si-a, _n._ false memory. [Gr. _para_, beside,
_mim-n[=e]skein_, to remind.]
PARAMO, par'a-m[=o], _n._ a bare wind-swept elevated plain. [Sp.]
PARAMORPH, par'a-morf, _n._ (_min._) a pseudomorph formed by a change in
molecular structure without change of chemical composition.--_adjs._
PARAMORPH'IC, PARAMORPH'OUS.--_ns._ PARAMORPH'ISM, PARAMORPH[=O]'SIS. [Gr.
_para_, beside, _morph[=e]_, form.]
PARAMOUNT, par'a-mownt, _adj._ superior to all others: chief: of the
highest order or importance--opp. to _Paravail_.--_n._ the chief: a
superior.--_adv._ PAR'AMOUNTLY. [O. Fr. _par amont_, _par_--L. prep. _per_;
cf. _Amount_.]
PARAMOUR, par'a-m[=oo]r, _n._ a lover of either sex, now usually in the
illicit sense. [Fr. _par amour_, by or with love--L. _per amorem_.]
PARANEMA, par-a-n[=e]'ma, _n._ (_bot._) paraphysis.--_adj._ PARANEMAT'IC.
[Gr. _para_, about, _n[=e]ma_, a thread.]
PARANG, par'ang, _n._ a heavy Malay knife. [Malay.]
PARANGON, pa-rang'gon, _n._ a jeweller's term for a gem of remarkable
excellence. [Fr.]
PARANOEA, par-a-n[=e]'a, _n._ chronic mental derangement--also
PARANOI'A.--_ns._ PARANOE'AC, PARANOI'AC.--_adj._ PARANOE'IC. [Gr. _para_,
beside, _noein_, to think.]
PARANTHELION, par-an-th[=e]'li-on, _n._ a diffuse whitish image of the sun,
having the same altitude, at an angular distance of about 120°--due to
reflection from atmospheric ice-prisms. [Gr. _para_, beside, _anti_,
against, _h[=e]lios_, the sun.]
PARANUCLEUS, par-a-n[=u]'kl[=e]-us, _n._ (_biol._) an accessory nucleus in
some protozoans.--_adjs._ PARAN[=U]'CLEAR, PARAN[=U]'CLEATE.--_n._
PARAN[=U]CL[=E]'OLUS, a mass of substance extruded from the nucleus, in
pollen and spore mother-cells before division.
PARANYMPH, par'a-nimf, _n._ a friend of the bridegroom who escorted the
bride on the way to her marriage: a bride's-man: one who countenances and
supports another. [Gr. _para_, beside, _nymph[=e]_, a bride.]
PARAPEPTONE, par-a-pep't[=o]n, _n._ a proteid compound formed in gastric
digestion, acid albumen.
PARAPET, par'a-pet, _n._ a rampart breast-high, to protect soldiers on a
wall from the fire of an enemy: a breast-high wall on a bridge, house-roof,
a platform, &c., to prevent persons from falling over.--_adj._ PAR'APETED,
having a parapet. [Fr.,--It. _parapetto_--It. _parare_, to adorn--L.
_par[=a]re_, to prepare, It. _petto_--L. _pectus_, the breast.]
PARAPH, par'af, _n._ a mark or flourish under one's signature.--_v.t._ to
append a paraph to, to sign with initials. [_Paragraph._]
PARAPHASIA, par-a-f[=a]'zi-a, _n._ a form of aphasia in which one word is
substituted for another.
PARAPHERNALIA, par-a-f[.e]r-n[=a]l'i-a, _n.pl._ ornaments of dress of any
kind: trappings: that which a bride brings over and above her dowry: the
clothes, jewels, &c. which a wife possesses beyond her dowry in her own
right. [Late L. _parapherna_--Gr., from _para_, beyond, _phern[=e]_, a
dowry--_pherein_, to bring.]
PARAPHIMOSIS, par-a-f[=i]-m[=o]'sis, _n._ strangulation of the glans penis
by constriction of the prepuce.
PARAPHONIA, par-a-f[=o]'ni-a, _n._ in Byzantine music, a melodic
progression by consonances (fourths and fifths): an abnormal condition of
the voice: an alteration of the voice, as at puberty. [Gr. _para_, beside,
_ph[=o]n[=e]_, the voice.]
PARAPHRAGM, par'a-fram, _n._ a kind of lateral diaphragm in
Crustacea.--_adj._ PARAPHRAG'MAL. [Gr. _para_, beside, _phrassein_, to
fence.]
PARAPHRASE, par'a-fr[=a]z, _n._ a saying of the same thing in other words,
often more fully and more clearly: an explanation of a passage: a loose or
free translation: (_Scot._) one of a certain number of Scripture passages
turned into verse for use in the service of praise.--_v.t._ to say the same
thing in other words: to render more fully: to interpret or translate
freely.--_v.i._ to make a paraphrase.--_n._ PAR'APHRAST, one who
paraphrases.--_adjs._ PARAPHRAST'IC, -AL, of the nature of a paraphrase:
more clear and ample than the original passage: free, loose,
diffuse.--_adv._ PARAPHRAST'ICALLY.--PARAPHRASTIC CONJUGATION, one composed
of the verb _sum_ (am) with participial forms of the verbs conjugated
(_amaturus sum_, &c.). [Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _paraphrasis_--_para_, beside,
_phrasis_, a speaking--_phrazein_, to speak.]
PARAPHYLLUM, par-a-fil'um, _n._ (_bot._) a small foliaceous organ between
the leaves of some mosses. [Gr. _para_, beside, _phyllon_, a leaf.]
PARAPHYSIS, pa-raf'i-sis, _n._ an erect sterile filament accompanying the
sexual organs of some cryptogamous plants:--_pl._ PARAPH'YS[=E]S.
PARAPLEGIA, par-a-pl[=e]'ji-a, _n._ a form of spinal paralysis in which
voluntary motion and sensation are interrupted below the level of the
affected part of the spinal cord, while reflex movements may be preserved
and certain forms even increased.--_adjs._ PARAPLEC'TIC, PARAPL[=E]'GIC.
[Gr. _para_, beside, _pl[=e]ssein_, to strike.]
PARAPLEURUM, par-a-pl[=oo]'rum, _n._ one of the pleura or sternal
side-pieces in a beetle, &c.--Also PARAPLEU'RON. [Gr. _para_, beside,
_pleuron_, side.]
PARAPODIUM, par-a-p[=o]'di-um, _n._ one of the jointless lateral appendages
of an annelid:--_pl._ PARAP[=O]'DIA. [Gr. _para_, beside, _pous_, _podos_,
a foot.]
PARAPOPHYSIS, par-a-pof'i-sis, _n._ the inferior or anterior process on the
side of a vertebra--the superior or posterior one being a
_diapophysis_.--_adj._ PARAPOPHYS'IAL. [Gr. _para_, beside, _apophysis_, an
offshoot.]
PARAPSIS, pa-rap'sis, _n._ (_entom._) one of the two lateral parts of the
mesoscutum of the thorax.--_adj._ PARAP'SIDAL. [Gr. _para_, beside,
_hapsis_, a loop.]
PARAPSIS, pa-rap'sis, _n._ a disordered sense of touch.--Also PAR[=A]'PHIA.
[Gr. _para_, beside, _hapsis_, a touching.]
PARAPTERUM, pa-rap'te-rum, _n._ (_entom._) the third sclerite of each
pleuron, or lateral segment of each thoracic somite--the first and second,
the _episternum_, and the _epimeron_: in birds, the scapular and adjoining
feathers of the wing.--_adj._ PARAP'TERAL. [Gr. _para_, beside, _pteron_, a
wing.]
PARAQUITO, par-a-k[=e]'to, _n._ Same as PAROQUET, PARRAKEET.
PARARCTALIA, par-ark-t[=a]'li-a, _n._ the northern temperate realm of the
waters of the globe.--_adj._ PARARCT[=A]'LIAN.
PARARTHRIA, pa-rär'thri-ä, _n._ disordered articulation of speech. [Gr.
_para_, beside, _arthron_, a joint.]
PARASANG, par'a-sang, _n._ a Persian measure of length, containing 30
stadia, equal to about 3¾ miles. [Gr. _parasang[=e]s_--Pers. _farsang_.]
PARASCENIUM, par-a-s[=e]'ni-um, _n._ in the Greek theatre, one of the wings
on either side of the proscenium:--_pl._ PARASC[=E]'NIA. [Gr.]
PARASCEVE, par'a-s[=e]v, _n._ the eve before the Jewish Sabbath when the
preparations are made: sometimes applied to Good-Friday: (_obs._)
preparation.--_adj._ PARASCENAS'TIC. [Gr. _paraskeu[=e]_,
preparation--_para_, beside, _skeu[=e]_, equipment.]
PARASCHEMATIC, par-a-sk[=e]-mat'ik, _adj._ imitative. [Gr. _para_, beside,
_sch[=e]ma_, a scheme.]
PARASELENE, par-a-se-l[=e]'n[=e], _n._ a mock moon, seen in connection with
a lunar rainbow (cf. _Parahelion_):--_pl._ PARASEL[=E]'NÆ.--_adj._
PARASELEN'IC. [Gr. _para_, beside, _sel[=e]n[=e]_, the moon.]
PARASITE, par'a-s[=i]t, _n._ one who frequents another's table: a
hanger-on: a sycophant: (_bot._) a plant growing upon and nourished by the
juices of another: (_zool._) an animal which lives on another--its
host.--_adjs._ PARASIT'IC, -AL, like a parasite: fawning: acting as a
sycophant: living on other plants or animals.--_adv._
PARASIT'ICALLY.--_ns._ PARASIT'ICALNESS; PARASIT'ICIDE, that which destroys
parasites; PAR'ASITISM; PARASITOL'OGIST; PARASITOL'OGY. [Fr.,--L.
_paras[=i]tus_--Gr. _parasitos_--_para_, beside, _sitos_, corn.]
PARASOL, par'a-sol, _n._ a small umbrella used by women as a shade from the
sun.--_v.t._ to shelter from the sun. [Fr.,--It. _parasole_--_parare_, to
keep off--L. _par[=a]re_, to prepare, _sol_, _solis_, the sun.]
PARASPHENOID, par-a-sf[=e]'noid, _n._ a bone which in some Vertebrata
underlies the base of the skull from the basi-occipital to the
presphenoidal region.--_adj._ lying under or alongside the sphenoid.
PARASYNTHESIS, par-a-sin'the-sis, _n._ the principle of forming words by a
combined process of derivation and composition with a particle.--_adj._
PARASYNTHET'IC.--_n._ PARASYN'THETON, a word so formed:--_pl._
PARASYN'THETA.
PARATAXIS, par-a-tak'sis, _n._ (_gram._) the arrangement of clauses or
propositions without connectives. [Gr.]
PARATHESIS, pa-rath'e-sis, _n._ (_gram._) apposition: (_philol._) the
setting side by side of things of equivalent grade in the monosyllabic or
isolating languages: (_rhet._) a parenthetic notice of something to be
afterwards explained: in the Eastern Church, a prayer of the bishop over
converts or catechumens. [Gr.]
PARATONIC, par-a-ton'ik, _adj._ retarding a plant's growth. [Gr. _para_,
beside, _teinein_, to stretch.]
PARAVAIL, par'a-v[=a]l, _adj._ inferior: lowest, said of a feudal tenant:
of least account--opp. to _Paramount_. [O. Fr. _par aval_, below--L. _per_,
through, _ad_, to, _vallem_, a valley.]
PARAVANT, PARAVAUNT, par'a-vänt, _adv._ (_Spens._) in front, first,
beforehand. [O. Fr. _paravant_--_par_, through, _avant_, before--L. _ab_,
from, _ante_, before.]
PARBAKE, pär'b[=a]k, _v.t._ to bake partially. [Formed on analogy of
_parboil_.]
PARBOIL, pär'boil, _v.t._ to boil slightly or in part--as if from _part_
and _boil_.
PARBREAK, pär'br[=a]k, _v.t._ or _v.i._ (_Spens._) to throw out, to
vomit.--_n._ (_Spens._) vomit. [Fr. _par_--L. _per_, through, and _break_.]
[Illustration]
PARBUCKLE, pär'buk'l, _n._ a purchase made by looping a rope in the middle
to aid in rolling casks up or down an incline, or in furling a sail by
rolling the yards: a sling made by passing both ends of a rope through its
bight.--_v.t._ to hoist or lower by a parbuckle:--_pr.p._ par'buckling;
_pa.p._ par'buckled. [Prob. L. _par_, equal, and _buckle_.]
PARCÆ, pär's[=e], _n.pl._ the Fates.
PARCEL, pär'sel, _n._ a little part: a portion: a quantity, as of single
articles: a number forming a group or a lot: a package.--_v.t._ to divide
into portions:--_pr.p._ par'celling; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ par'celled.--_n._
PAR'CEL-BAWD (_Shak._), one partly a bawd.--_adjs._ PAR'CEL-BEARD'ED
(_Tenn._), partially bearded; PAR'CEL-GILT, partially gilded.--_n._
PAR'CEL-OFF'ICE, a place where parcels are received for despatch and
delivery.--PARCELS POST, that department of the post-office which takes
charge of the forwarding and delivery of small parcels. [Fr. _parcelle_
(It. _particella_)--L. _particula_, dim. of _pars_, _partis_, a part.]
PARCENARY, par'se-n[=a]-ri, _n._ co-heirship.--_n._ PAR'CENER, a co-heir.
PARCH, pärch, _v.t._ to burn slightly: to scorch.--_v.i._ to be scorched:
to become very dry.--_adj._ PARCHED, scorched.--_adv._ PARCH'EDLY.--_n._
PARCH'EDNESS. [M. E. _parchen_, either a variety of
_per(s)chen_=_peris(c)hen_, to kill, or from _perchen_, to pierce.]
PARCHMENT, pärch'ment, _n._ the skin of a sheep or goat prepared for
writing on.--PARCHMENT PAPER, or VEGETABLE PARCHMENT (see PAPER).--VIRGIN
PARCHMENT, a fine kind of parchment made from the skins of new-born lambs
or kids. [Fr. _parchemin_--L. _pergamena_ (_charta_, paper)--from Gr.
_Pergamos_.]
PARD, pärd, _n._ (_slang_) a partner, mate.
PARD, pärd, _n._ the panther: the leopard: in poetry, any spotted
animal.--_n._ PARD'ALE (_Spens._). [L. _pardus_--Gr. _pardos_, the panther,
the leopard.]
PARDIEU, pär'd[=u], PARDI, PARDY, pär'di, _adv._ (_Spens._) in truth:
certainly. [Fr., by God--_par_--L. _per_, through, by, _Dieu_--L. _deus_,
God.]
PARDON, pär'don, _v.t._ to forgive, said either of an offender or of a
crime: to pass by without punishment or blame: to set free from punishment:
to let off without doing something.--_n._ forgiveness, either of an
offender or of his offence: remission of a penalty or punishment: a warrant
declaring a pardon: a papal indulgence.--_adj._ PAR'DONABLE, that may be
pardoned: excusable.--_n._ PAR'DONABLENESS.--_adv._ PAR'DONABLY.--_n._
PAR'DONER, one who pardons: formerly, one licensed to sell papal
indulgences.--_p.adj._ PAR'DONING, disposed to pardon: forgiving:
exercising the right or power to pardon: conferring authority to grant
pardon.--PARDON ME, excuse me--used in apology and to soften a
contradiction. [Fr. _pardonner_--Low L. _perdon[=a]re_--L. _per_, through,
away, _don[=a]re_, to give.]
PARDY, pär'di, _adv._ A form of _pardieu_.
PARE, p[=a]r, _v.t._ to cut or shave off: to trim, or to remove by cutting:
to diminish by littles.--_n._ P[=A]R'ER, one who, or that which, pares.
[Fr. _parer_--L. _par[=a]re_, to prepare.]
PAREGORIC, par-[=e]-gor'ik, _adj._ soothing, lessening pain.--_n._ a
medicine that soothes pain: tincture of opium. [L.,--Gr.
_par[=e]gorikos_--_par[=e]gorein_, to exhort.]
PAREIL, par-el', _n._ an equal. [Fr.,--L. _par_, equal.]
PAREIRA, pa-r[=a]'ra, _n._ a tonic diuretic drug derived from various South
and Central American plants. [Braz.]
PARELLA, pa-rel'la, _n._ a crustaceous lichen yielding archil, cudbear, and
litmus.--Also PARELLE'. [Fr. _parelle_.]
PAREMBOLE, pa-rem'b[=o]-l[=e], _n._ (_rhet._) an inserted phrase modifying
or explaining the thought of the sentence--closer to the context than a
parenthesis. [Gr.]
PARENCHYMA, pa-reng'ki-mä, _n._ the soft cellular tissue of glandular and
other organs, as the pith in plants or the pulp in fruits.--_adjs._
PARENCH'YMAL, PARENCHYM'ATOUS, PARENCH'YMOUS. [Gr., _para_, beside,
_engchein_, to pour in.]
PARENESIS, pa-ren'e-sis, _n._ persuasion.--_adjs._ PARENET'IC, -AL,
hortatory. [Gr. _parainesis_, exhortation, _para_, beside, _ainein_, to
praise.]
PARENT, p[=a]r'ent, _n._ one who begets or brings forth: a father or a
mother: one who, or that which, produces: an author: a cause.--_n._
PAR'ENTAGE, descent from parents: birth: extraction: rank or character
derived from one's parents or ancestors: relation of parents to their
children.--_adj._ PARENT'AL, pertaining to, or becoming, parents:
affectionate: tender.--_adv._ PARENT'ALLY.--_ns._ PAR'ENTHOOD, state of
being a parent: duty or feelings of a parent; PARENT'ICIDE, one who kills a
parent.--_adj._ PAR'ENTLESS, without a parent. [Fr., 'kinsman'--L.
_parens_, for _pariens_, _-entis_, pr.p. of _par[)e]re_, to bring forth.]
PARENTHESIS, pa-ren'the-sis, _n._ a word, phrase, or sentence put in or
inserted in another which is grammatically complete without it: (_pl._) the
marks ( ) used to mark off a parenthesis:--_pl._ PAREN'THESES
(-s[=e]z).--_v.i._ PARENTH'ESISE.--_adjs._ PARENTHET'IC, -AL, of the nature
of a parenthesis: expressed in a parenthesis: using parentheses.--_adv._
PARENTHET'ICALLY. [Gr.,--_para_, beside, _en_, in, _thesis_, a
placing--_tithenai_, to place.]
PARERGON, pa-r[.e]r'gon, _n._ a by-work, any work subsidiary to another.
[Gr.,--_para_, beside, _ergon_, work.]
PARESIS, par'e-sis, _n._ a diminished activity of function--a partial form
of paralysis.--_adj._ PARET'IC. [Gr., _parienai_, to relax.]
PARFAY, pär-f[=a]', _interj._ by or in faith. [Fr.]
PARFILAGE, pär'fi-l[=a]j, _n._ the unravelling of woven fabrics, to save
gold or silver threads. [Fr.]
PARFLECHE, pär-flesh', _n._ rawhide of buffalo-skin stripped of hair and
dried on a stretcher: a wallet, tent, &c. of such material. [Canadian
Fr.,--Ind.]
PARGASITE, pär'ga-s[=i]t, _n._ a dark-green crystallised variety of
amphibole or hornblende.
PARGET, pär'jet, _n._ (_Spens._) the plaster of a wall: paint.--_v.t._ to
plaster: to paint.--_ns._ PAR'GETER; PAR'GETING, PARGE'-WORK. [L. _paries_,
_parietis_, a wall; or Low L. _spargit[=a]re_, to sprinkle--L.
_sparg[)e]re_.]
PARHELION, par-h[=e]'li-un, _n._ a bright light caused by refraction of
light through ice crystals floating in the air, sometimes seen near the
sun, and sometimes opposite to the sun, when it is called
_anthelion_:--_pl._ PARH[=E]'LIA.--_adjs._ PARHEL'IC, PARHEL[=I]'ACAL. [Gr.
_para_, beside, _h[=e]lios_, the sun.]
PARIAH, p[=a]r'i-a, _n._ a member of a caste in southern India, lower than
the four Brahminical castes: one who has lost his caste: an outcast.
[Tamil.]
PARIAN, p[=a]'ri-an, _adj._ pertaining to or found in the island of
_Paros_, in the Ægean Sea.--_n._ an inhabitant of Paros: a fine porcelain
for statuettes, resembling marble.--PARIAN MARBLE, a fine marble found in
Paros, much used by the ancients for statues.
PARIDIGITATE, par-i-dij'i-t[=a]t, _adj._ having an even number of digits.
PARIETAL, pa-r[=i]'et-al, _adj._ pertaining to a wall or walls: (_anat._)
forming the sides: (_bot._) growing from the inner lining of an organ, and
not from the axis, as seeds in the ovary.--_n._ one of the bones of the
skull. [L. _parietalis_--_paries_, _parietis_, a wall.]
PARING, p[=a]r'ing, _n._ act of trimming or cutting off: that which is
pared off: rind: the cutting off of the surface of grass land for tillage.
PARIPINNATE, par-i-pin'[=a]t, _adj._ (_bot._) equally pinnate.
PARISH, par'ish, _n._ a district under one pastor: an ecclesiastical
district having officers of its own and supporting its own poor: the people
of a parish.--_adj._ belonging or relating to a parish: employed or
supported by the parish.--_n._ PARISH'IONER, one who belongs to or is
connected with a parish: a member of a parish church.--PARISH CLERK, the
clerk or recording officer of a parish: the one who leads the responses in
the service of the Church of England; PARISH PRIEST, a priest who has
charge of a parish; PARISH REGISTER, a book in which the births, marriages,
and deaths of a parish are registered. [Fr. _paroisse_--L. _paroecia_--Gr.
_paroikia_--_paroikos_, dwelling beside--_para_, beside, _oikos_, a
dwelling.]
PARISIAN, par-iz'i-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to _Paris_.--_n._ a native
or resident of Paris:--_fem._ PARISIENNE'.--PARIS DOLL, a small figure
dressed in the latest fashions, sent out by Paris modistes.
PARISYLLABIC, par-i-si-lab'ik, _adj._ having the same number of syllables.
PARITOR, par'i-tor, _n._ Same as APPARITOR.
PARITY, par'i-ti, _n._ state of being equal in rank, position, quality,
&c.: resemblance: analogy. [Fr. _parité_--L. _paritas_--_par_, equal.]
PARK, pärk, _n._ an enclosed piece of land for a special purpose, as for
wild beasts: a grass field: a tract of land surrounding a mansion: a piece
of ground enclosed for recreation: (_mil._) a space in an encampment
occupied by the artillery; hence, a collection of artillery, or stores in
an encampment.--_v.t._ to enclose: to bring together in a body, as
artillery.--_n._ PARK'ER, the keeper of a park. [A.S. _pearroc_, prob.
modified by Fr. _parc_.]
PARLANCE, pär'lans, _n._ speaking: conversation: peculiar manner of
conversation.--_adj._ and _adv._ PARLAN'DO, declamatory in style: in
recitative.--_v.i._ PARLE (_Shak._), to talk.--_n._ (_Shak._) talk,
conversation.--_v.i._ PAR'LEY, to speak with another: to confer on some
important point: to treat with an enemy.--_n._ talk: a conference with an
enemy in war. [Fr. _parler_--L. _parabola_--Gr. _parabol[=e]_, a parable,
word.]
PARLIAMENT, pär'li-ment, _n._ a meeting for deliberation: the supreme
legislature of Great Britain, also of some of her colonies: in France, down
to the Revolution, one of certain superior and final courts of judicature,
in which also the edicts of the king were registered before becoming
law.--_adjs._ PARLIAMENT[=A]'RIAN, adhering to the Parliament in opposition
to Charles I.; PARLIAMENT'ARY, pertaining to parliament: enacted or done by
parliament: according to the rules and practices of legislative
bodies.--PARLIAMENTARY AGENT, a person employed by private persons or
societies for drafting bills or managing business to be brought before
parliament; PARLIAMENTARY BOROUGH, a borough having the right of sending a
member or members to parliament; PARLIAMENTARY TRAIN, a train which, by act
of parliament, runs both ways along a line of railway, at least once each
day, at the rate of one penny per mile.--ACT OF PARLIAMENT, a statute that
has passed through both the House of Commons and the House of Lords, and
received the formal royal assent. [Fr. _parlement_--_parler_, to speak.]
PARLOUR, pär'lur, _n._ an ordinary family sitting-room: a room for
receiving guests in.--_n._ PAR'LOUR-BOARD'ER, a pupil at a boarding-school
who enjoys particular privileges. [Fr., _parloir_--_parler_, to speak.]
PARLOUS, pär'lus, _adj._ perilous, venturesome, notable.--_adv._
PAR'LOUSLY. [_Perilous._]
PARMACETY, par-mas-it'i, _n._ (_Shak._) a corr. of _spermaceti_.
PARMESAN, par-me-zan', _adj._ pertaining to _Parma_.--_n._ Parmesan cheese.
PARNASSUS, par-nas'us, _n._ a mountain in Greece, sacred to Apollo and the
Muses.--_adj._ PARNASS'IAN.--GRASS OF PARNASSUS, a plant with beautiful
white or yellowish flowers.
PARNELLISM, pär'nel-izm, _n._ the plans and methods of agitation used by
Charles Stewart _Parnell_ (1846-91) for the purpose of promoting 'Home
Rule' for Ireland.--_n._ PAR'NELLITE, one of the followers of C. S.
Parnell.--_adj._ of or pertaining to the nationalist movement led by
Parnell.
PAROCCIPITAL, par-ok-sip'i-tal, _adj._ situated near the occiput.
PAROCHIAL, par-[=o]'ki-al, _adj._ of or relating to a parish: restricted or
confined within narrow limits--of sentiments, tastes, &c.--_v.t._
PAR[=O]'CHIALISE, to form into parishes.--_n._ PAR[=O]'CHIALISM, a system
of local government which makes the parish the unit--hence provincialism,
narrowness of view.--_adv._ PAR[=O]'CHIALLY.--PAROCHIAL BOARD (in
Scotland), the board in each parish which relieves the poor. [L.
_parochialis_--_parochia_, a variant of _paroecia_.]
PARODY, par'o-di, _n._ an imitation of a poem in which its words and ideas
are so far changed as to produce a ridiculous effect.--_v.t._ to turn into
parody, to make a parody of:--_pa.p._ par'odied.--_adjs._ PAROD'IC,
-AL.--_n._ PAR'ODIST, one who writes a parody. [L.,--Gr.
_par[=o]dia_--_para_, beside, _[=o]d[=e]_, an ode.]
PAROLE, par-[=o]l', _n._ word of mouth: (_mil._) word of honour (esp. by a
prisoner of war, to fulfil certain conditions): the daily password in a
camp or garrison.--_adj._ given by word of mouth: oral--opp. to
_Documentary_, as _parole_ evidence. [Fr.,--L. _parabola_, a parable,
saying.]
PARONOMASIA, par-[=o]-n[=o]-m[=a]'zhi-a, _n._ a rhetorical figure in which
words similar in sound but different in meaning are set in opposition to
each other: a play upon words--also PARONOM'ASY.--_adjs._ PARONOMAS'TIC,
-AL.--_ns._ PAR'ONYME, PAR'ONYM, a paronymous word--opp. to
_Homonym_.--_adj._ PARON'YMOUS, formed by a slight change of word or name:
derived from the same root: having the same sound, but different in
spelling and meaning.--_n._ PARON'YMY, quality of being paronymous. [Gr.
_para_, beside, _onoma_, name.]
PAROQUET, PARROQUET, par'o-ket, _n._ a small long-tailed tropical and
subtropical parrot.--Also PARR'AKEET. [Fr. _perroquet_--_Pierrot_, dim. of
_Pierre_, Peter.]
PAROSMIA, pa-ros'mi-a, _n._ a perversion of the sense of smell. [Gr.
_para_, beside, _osm[=e]_, smell.]
PAROTID, par-ot'id, _n._ the largest of the three pairs of salivary glands,
situated immediately in front of the ear--also PAR[=O]'TIS.--_adj._
PAROT'IC, auricular, situated about the outer ear.--_ns._ PAROTID[=I]'TIS,
PAROT[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the parotic gland. [L.,--Gr. _par[=o]tis_,
_-idos_--_para_, beside, _ous_, _[=o]tos_, ear.]
PAROXYSM, par'oks-izm, _n._ a fit of acute pain occurring at intervals: a
fit of passion: any sudden violent action.--_adjs._ PAROXYS'MAL,
PAROXYS'MIC, pertaining to, or occurring in, paroxysms. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr.
_paroxysmos_--_para_, beyond, _oxys_, sharp.]
PAROXYTONE, par-ok'si-t[=o]n, _adj._ having the acute accent on the last
syllable but one.--_n._ a word with an acute accent on the second last
syllable.--_v.t._ to accent a word in this way.
[Illustration]
PARQUET, pär-ket', _n._ the part of the floor of a theatre, &c., behind the
musicians' seats, but not under the gallery: the pit or the whole of the
floor of a theatre: parquetry.--_n._ PAR'QUETRY, woodwork inlaid with
figures, for floors. [Fr. _parquet_, an inlaid floor, dim. of _parc_, an
enclosure.]
PARR, pär, _n._ a young salmon.
PARRAKEET, par'a-k[=e]t, _n._ Same as PAROQUET.
PARRHESIA, pa-r[=e]'si-a, _n._ boldness of speech. [Gr.]
PARRICIDE, par'ri-s[=i]d, _n._ the murder of one's own father or mother:
the murder of a parent: the murder of any one to whom reverence is
due.--_adj._ PARRICID'AL, pertaining to, or committing, parricide.
[Fr.,--L. _parricida_ (for _patri-cida_)--_pater_, _patris_, father,
_cæd[)e]re_, to slay.]
PARROT, par'rut, _n._ one of a family of tropical and subtropical birds,
with brilliant plumage and a hooked bill, remarkable for their faculty of
imitating the human voice: a repeater of the words of others.--_v.t._ and
_v.i._ to repeat by rote.--_ns._ PAR'ROT-COAL, a kind of coal which
crepitates in burning; PAR'ROTER; PAR'ROT-FISH, a name applied to various
fishes, from their colours or the shape of their jaws; PAR'ROTRY, servile
imitation. [Contr. of Fr. _perroquet_.]
PARRY, par'i, _v.t._ to ward or keep off: to turn aside: to avoid:--_pa.t._
and _pa.p._ parr'ied.--_n._ a turning aside of a blow or a thrust: a
defensive movement of any kind. [Fr. _parer_--L. _par[=a]re_, to prepare,
in Low L. to keep off.]
PARSE, pärs, _v.t._ (_gram._) to tell the parts of speech of a sentence and
the relations of the various words to each other.--_n._ PARS'ING. [L. _pars
(orationis)_, a part of speech.]
PARSEE, PARSI, pär's[=e], _n._ one of the surviving remnant of
Zoroastrianism which took refuge in India in the 7th century: a
fire-worshipper.--_n._ PAR'SEEISM. [Pers. _P[=a]rs[=i]_--_P[=a]rs_,
Persia.]
PARSIMONY, pär'si-mun-i, _n._ sparingness in the spending of money:
frugality: niggardliness.--_adj._ PARSIM[=O]'NIOUS, sparing in the use of
money: frugal to excess: niggardly: covetous.--_adv._
PARSIM[=O]'NIOUSLY.--_n._ PARSIM[=O]'NIOUSNESS. [Fr.,--L. _parsimonia_,
_parcimonia_--_parc[)e]re_, to spare.]
PARSLEY, pärs'li, _n._ a bright-green herb, with finely divided, strongly
scented leaves, used in cookery. [Fr. _persil_--L. _petroselinum_--Gr.
_petroselinon_--_petros_, a rock, _selinon_, a kind of parsley.]
PARSNIP, PARSNEP, pärs'nip, _n._ an edible plant with a carrot-like root.
[O. Fr. _pastenaque_--L. _pastinaca_--_pastinum_, a dibble.]
PARSON, pär'sn, _n._ the priest or incumbent of a parish: a clergyman: one
who is licensed to preach.--_n._ PAR'SONAGE, the residence of the minister
of a parish: (_orig._) the house, lands, tithes, &c. set apart for the
support of the minister of a parish.--_adjs._ PARSON'IC, PAR'SONISH,
pertaining to or like a parson. [O. Fr. _persone_--L. _pers[=o]na_, a
person.]
PART, pärt, _n._ something less than the whole: a portion: a quantity or
number making up with others a larger quantity or number: a fraction: a
member or essential part of a whole: a proportional quantity: one's share:
interest: side or party: action: character taken by an actor in a play:
(_math._) a quantity which taken a certain number of times will equal a
larger quantity: an exact divisor: (_mus._) one of the melodies of a
harmony: (_pl._) qualities: talents.--_v.t._ to divide: to make into parts:
to put or keep asunder.--_v.i._ to be separated: to be torn asunder: to
have a part or share.--_adj._ PART'ED (_Shak._), endowed with parts or
abilities: (_bot._) deeply cleft, as a leaf.--_n._ PART'ER.--_adv._
PART'LY, in part: in some degree.--PART OF SPEECH (_gram._), one of the
various classes of words.--FOR MY PART, as far as concerns me; FOR THE MOST
PART, commonly; IN BAD, or ILL, PART, unfavourably; IN GOOD PART,
favourably; TAKE PART IN, to share or to assist in; TAKE PART WITH, to take
one's side. [Fr.,--L. _pars_, _partis_.]
PARTAKE, pär-t[=a]k', _v.i._ to take or have a part, either absolutely, or
with of or in before the thing shared, as food, &c.: to have something of
the nature or properties, &c.: to be admitted: (_Shak._) to make common
cause.--_v.t._ to have a part in: to share: (_Shak._) to
communicate:--_pr.p._ part[=a]'king; _pa.t._ partook'; _pa.p._
part[=a]'ken.--_ns._ PART[=A]'KER, one who shares in along with others: a
partner: an accomplice; PART[=A]'KING, a sharing: (_law_) a combination in
an evil design. [_Part_ and _take_.]
PARTAN, par'tan, _n._ (_Scot._) a small edible sea-crab. [Gael.]
PARTERRE, par-ter', _n._ an arrangement of flower-plots with spaces of turf
or gravel between for walks: the pit of a theatre, esp. beneath the
galleries. [Fr.,--L. _per terram_, along the ground.]
PARTHENOGENESIS, pär-the-n[=o]-jen'e-sis, _n._ reproduction without renewed
impregnation by a male, as in aphids or plant-lice, &c.--also
PARTHENOG'ENY.--_adjs._ PARTHENOGENET'IC, PARTHENOG'ENOUS. [Gr.
_parthenos_, a virgin, _genesis_, production.]
PARTHENON, pär'the-non, _n._ the temple of Ath[=e]n[=e] _Parth[)e]nos_, on
the Acropolis at Athens. [Gr. _Parthen[=o]n_--_parthenos_, a virgin.]
PARTHIAN, par'thi-an, _adj._ of or belonging to _Parthia_, in Persia.--A
PARTHIAN SHOT, a shot or blow given while pretending to fly, a parting
shot.
PARTIAL, pär'shal, _adj._ relating to a part only: not total or entire:
inclined to favour one person or party: having a preference: (_bot._)
subordinate.--_v.t._ PAR'TIALISE (_Shak._), to render partial.--_ns._
PAR'TIALISM, the doctrine of the Partialists; PAR'TIALIST, one who holds
that the atonement of Christ was made only for a part of mankind;
PARTIAL'ITY, state or quality of being partial: liking for one thing more
than for others.--_adv._ PAR'TIALLY.[Fr.,--Low L. _partialis_--L. _pars_, a
part.]
PARTIBLE, pär'ti-bl, _adj._ that may be parted: separable.--_n._
PARTIBIL'ITY.
PARTIBUS, par'ti-bus, _n._ in Scots law, a note on the margin of a summons,
giving name and designation of the pursuer.--IN PARTIBUS INFIDELIUM, a
phrase applying formerly to bishops who were merely titular, without
regular jurisdiction, their function to assist some other bishop or to act
as delegates of the Pope where no hierarchy had as yet been established.
PARTICIPATE, pär-tis'i-p[=a]t, _v.i._ to partake: to have a share.--_v.t._
to receive a part or share of.--_n._ PÄR'TICEPS CRIM'INIS, one who,
although not present, helps in any way the commission of a crime, or who
after the deed assists or hides the person who did it.--_adjs._
PARTIC'IPABLE, capable of being participated in or shared; PARTIC'IPANT,
participating: sharing.--_n._ a partaker.--_adv._ PARTIC'IPANTLY.--_n._
PARTICIP[=A]'TION.--_adj._ PARTIC'IP[=A]TIVE, capable of
participating.--_n._ PARTIC'IP[=A]TOR, one who partakes with another: a
sharer. [L. _particip[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_pars_, part, _cap[)e]re_, to
take.]
PARTICIPLE, pär'ti-si-pl, _n._ a word having the value of an adjective but
regularly formed from a verb.--_adj._ PARTICIP'IAL, having the nature of a
participle: formed from a participle.--_adv._
PARTICIP'IALLY.[L.,--_participium_--_particeps_--_pars_, a part,
_cap[)e]re_, to take.]
PARTICLE, pär'ti-kl, _n._ a little part: a very small portion: (_physics_)
the minutest part into which a body can be divided: an atom: (_gram._) an
indeclinable word, as a preposition, a conjunction, an interjection: a word
that can only be used in composition, as _wise_ in side_wise_: (_R.C.
Church_) a crumb of consecrated bread, also the 'smaller breads' used in
the communion of the laity.--_adj._ PARTIC'ULAR, relating to a part of
anything: pertaining to a single person or thing: individual: special:
worthy of special attention: concerned with or marking things single or
distinct: exact: nice in taste: precise.--_n._ a distinct or minute part: a
single point: a single instance: (_pl._) details.--_n._
PARTICULARIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ PARTIC'ULARISE, to mention the particulars
of: to enumerate in detail: to give a special description of.--_v.i._ to
mention or attend to single things or minute details.--_ns._