born on May 18th, 1861. He joined the Scots Guards from the Militia in
1881. In 1882 he served in the Egyptian Expeditionary Force, and was
present at the action of Mahuta and the battle of Tel-el-Kebir, winning
a medal with clasp and bronze star. He was promoted Captain, Scots
Guards, in 1892. Employed under the Foreign Office in the Uganda
Protectorate between 1895 and 1897, he saw service in the Unyoro
Expedition of 1895, winning a medal, and in the Nandi Expedition of
1895-6. In the latter he was mentioned in despatches and gained the
D.S.O.
In 1897 he became Major, and in the same year was made Vice-Consul to
the Congo Free State, an office he held until 1899. He again saw active
service in the South African War, 1899-1902. He was in the advance on
Kimberley, and took part in the operations in the Orange Free State,
Transvaal, Orange River Colony, and Cape Colony. In these operations he
commanded the 1st Battalion of the Scots Guards in 1900, and later took
command of a Column. He was mentioned in despatches, gained the brevet
of Colonel, together with the Queen's Medal and six clasps and the
King's Medal with two clasps. He became Colonel of the Scots Guards in
1904 and was given the C.B. in 1905. Between 1908 and 1909 he commanded
the 16th Brigade in the Irish Command, and in the latter year was
promoted Major-General. In July, 1910, he became General Officer in
command of the 6th Division, Irish Command, holding this position until
1914.
[Illustration: LIEUT.-GEN. SIR WILLIAM PULTENEY]
He was appointed to command the III Corps on its formation, August 4th,
1914. At the Marne this "Corps" consisted of the 4th Division and the
19th Brigade, and thus constituted it fought under General Pulteney
throughout the battle of the Marne and the Aisne. In May, 1915, General
Pulteney was promoted Lieutenant-General. He has received distinguished
mention in despatches ("He showed himself to be a most capable commander
in the field and has rendered valuable service") and has been decorated
with the Legion of Honour (Second Class), and the Order of the Crown
(Second Class); in addition to these war honours the K.C.M.G. and the
K.C.B. have been bestowed upon him.
III
LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR RICHARD CYRIL BYRNE HAKING, K.C.B., K.C.M.G.
LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR RICHARD CYRIL BYRNE HAKING, K.C.B., p.s.c., was
born January 24th, 1862. He entered the Hampshire Regiment in 1881 and
became Captain in 1889, having been Adjutant of the 2nd Battalion from
June, 1885 to June, 1890. He took part in the Burmese Expedition of
1885-7, was mentioned in despatches and received a medal with clasp. He
was Deputy Assistant Adjutant General in the Cork district from early in
1898 to September, 1899, when he became Major and took up the same post
(D.A.A.G.) on the Staff in the South African War; for his services in
the war he was mentioned in despatches and won the Queen's Medal and
three clasps.
In 1901 he became a Professor at the Staff College, becoming D.A.A.G. of
the College in 1904. He became Colonel in 1905, and the next year he was
employed in the Southern Command, first as General Staff Officer. It was
all the same, only the title was changed 3rd Division. In 1908 he was
made Brigadier-General, General Staff, Southern Command, and in 1911
took over the Command of the 5th Brigade, having, the year before, been
made a Companion of the Order of the Bath.
[Illustration: LIEUT.-GEN. SIR R. C. B. HAKING]
At the beginning of the present war he continued in command of the
Brigade, and fought with it at Mons, on the Aisne, and at the first
Battle of Ypres, and on December 28th, 1914, was promoted Major-General
for Distinguished Service in the Field, became Lieutenant-General
(temporary) in September, 1915. He has been mentioned in despatches in
this war ("Special credit is due to Major-General Haking, commanding
1st Division, for the prompt manner in which he arranged this
counter-attack and for the general plan of action, which was crowned
with success"), and has been created Knight Commander of the Order of
the Bath, and Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael and St.
George.
IV
LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR CHARLES FERGUSSON, BART., K.C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O.
LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR CHARLES FERGUSSON, Bt., K.C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O.,
was born January, 1865. He entered the Grenadier Guards in 1883, and
became Captain in 1895. In 1896 he was attached to the Egyptian Army,
serving with the 10th Soudanese Battalion until 1898. With them he went
through the Dongola Expedition of 1896, and the Nile Expeditions of 1897
and 1898, being severely wounded in the latter. For his work in these
expeditions he was mentioned in despatches five times, won the Egyptian
Medal and seven clasps, as well as the D.S.O., and received Brevet of
Major, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Colonel.
In 1899 he commanded the 15th Soudanese on the Nile and won another
clasp to the Egyptian medal, as well as the Second Class of the Modjidie
Order. After the fighting he commanded the garrison and district of
Omdurman in 1900, and from 1901 to 1903 was Adjutant-General of the
Egyptian Army. Returning to England he commanded the 3rd Battalion
of the Grenadier Guards until 1907, the year in which the M.V.O.
was bestowed upon him. It was the year, too, in which he became
Brigadier-General on the General Staff of the Irish Command, a position
which he held until 1908. In September, 1908, he was promoted to the
rank of Major-General, and with this rank he held the post of Inspector
of Infantry between 1909 and 1912.
[Illustration: LIEUT.-GEN. SIR CHARLES FERGUSSON]
In 1913 he was appointed to the command of the 5th Division, with which
he proceeded to France with the original Expeditionary Force. The 5th
Division fought on the left of the line at Mons, and on the morning of
the 24th had need of all the skill of its commander to extricate it
from being outflanked by the Germans. In August, 1914, he was promoted
Lieutenant-General, and from January, 1915, he commanded the II, which
took a prominent part in the capture of Hill 60, and subsequently the
XVII Army Corps. His war honours include mention in despatches and his
creation as Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. He has also
received the Order of the Crown (Second Class).
V
LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR GEORGE HENRY FOWKE, K.C.B., K.C.M.G.
LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR GEORGE HENRY FOWKE, K.C.B., was born September
10th, 1864. He entered the Royal Engineers in 1884 and became Captain in
1892. In the South African War of 1899-1902 he gained his Brevets of
Major and Lieutenant-Colonel, in addition to winning the Queen's Medal
with three clasps, the King's Medal with two clasps, and being mentioned
in despatches. He served in the Defence of Ladysmith, including the
sortie of December 7th, 1899, and in the operations in Natal and the
Transvaal, east of Pretoria.
From 1902 to 1904 he was employed under the Civil Government in the
Transvaal as Director of Works and M.L.C. In 1905 he was attached to the
Japanese Army in Manchuria, during the Russo-Japanese War. In this
campaign the order of the Sacred Treasure (Third Class) was bestowed on
him, and also the Japanese War Medal. In 1906 he became an Instructor at
the school of military Engineering, holding this position until 1908,
when he was promoted Lieutenant-Colonel, Royal Engineers, and appointed
C.R.E., 1st Division. He became Colonel in 1910, going to the War Office
as Assistant Adjutant-General of the Royal Engineers in the same year.
In 1913 he was promoted Brigadier-General (Temporary), Inspector
of Royal Engineers, and at the outbreak of this war became
Brigadier-General, Royal Engineers. His wide experience was of great
value in the positional warfare which ensued after the first Battle of
Ypres.
[Illustration: LIEUT.-GEN. SIR GEORGE FOWKE]
In 1915 he was promoted to the rank of Major-General, and
became Engineer-in-Chief, while in 1915 he became a Temporary
Lieutenant-General, holding the office of Adjutant-General. Besides
being mentioned in despatches ("I wish to particularly mention the
services performed by my Chief Engineer, Brigadier-General G. H.
Fowke"), Sir George Fowke has been during this war created first C.B.,
and then K.C.B., as well as K.C.M.G., and the Order of Leopold (Third
Class) has been bestowed upon him by the King of Belgium, and Commander
of the Legion of Honour.
VI
LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR AYLMER HUNTER-WESTON, K.C.B., D.S.O.
LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR AYLMER HUNTER-WESTON, K.C.B., D.S.O., J.P., and
D.L. (Ayrshire), M.P. for North Ayrshire (1916), was born September
23rd, 1864. He was educated at Wellington College, Royal Military
Academy and Staff College. He entered the Royal Engineers in 1884 and
saw his first service in 1891, when he took part in the Miranzai
Expedition. He became Captain in the following year. In the Waziristan
Expedition of 1894-5 he served as the Commander of the Bengal Sappers
and Miners on Sir W. Lockhart's Staff. He was slightly wounded in this
campaign, and besides getting a medal with clasp, he was mentioned in
despatches and gained his Brevet of Major. During the Dongola Expedition
of 1896 he was attached to Sir Herbert Kitchener's Headquarter
Staff as Special Service Officer, and his work gained him further
mention in despatches, the 4th Class Medjidieh, the Egyptian Medal
with a clasp, and the Queen's Medal. In the South African War he
commanded the Mounted Engineers, Cavalry Division. Later he became
Deputy-Assistant-Adjutant-General to the Cavalry Division, and
subsequently Chief Staff Officer to General French. Finally he was given
independent command of a Mobile Column. He took part in the operations
about Colesburg, in the Relief of Kimberley, in the Battle of
Paardeberg, and the operations in the Orange Free State, the Transvaal,
and Cape Colony. He commanded five cavalry raids during the advance to
Pretoria, cutting the railway North of Bloemfontein and Kroonstad. He
was several times mentioned in despatches, was promoted Brevet
Lieutenant-Colonel, and received the Queen's medal with seven clasps,
and the D.S.O. Between 1904 and 1908 he was first D.A.A.G. and then
General Staff Officer in the Eastern Command. From 1908 to 1911 he was
Chief General Staff Officer of the Scottish Command. From 1911 to
1914 he was Assistant Director of Military Training at the War Office.
Early in 1914 he was promoted Brigadier-General and appointed to the
Command of the 11th Infantry Brigade at Colchester. At the outbreak of
War in August, 1914, he brought this Brigade out to France, and took
part with it in the Great Retreat, in the subsequent advance, and in all
the later fighting in France and Flanders. He was several times
mentioned in despatches and was promoted Major-General (1914) for
distinguished services in the field. In March, 1915, he was given the
command of the 29th Division and commanded it at the landing at Cape
Helles on the Gallipoli Peninsula as well as in the advance. He was
given command of all British troops at the Southern end of the Gallipoli
Peninsula, and in May, 1915, was promoted Temporary Lieutenant-General
to command VIII Corps. He was praised by Sir Ian Hamilton for "his
invincible self-confidence, untiring energy, and trained ability." Since
March, 1916, he has been in command of the VIII Corps in France. In this
war he has been several times mentioned in despatches, and has been made
a K.C.B., Commandeur of the Legion of Honour, and Grand Officier of the
Belgian Crown.
[Illustration: MAJOR-GENERAL SIR A. G. HUNTER-WESTON]
VII
LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR CLAUD WILLIAM JACOB, K.C.B.
LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR CLAUD WILLIAM JACOB, K.C.B., was born November
21st, 1863. He joined the Worcester Regiment in 1882, and saw active
service in 1890, when he took part in the Zhob Valley Expedition. In
1893 he became Captain, and in 1901 Major in the Indian Army.
He was employed on the North-West Frontier of India between 1901 and
1902, in the Waziristan Expedition, in which he won a Medal and a Clasp.
He was promoted Lieutenant-Colonel of the Indian Army in 1904, and
received his Brevet of Colonel in 1908. He served on the Staff in India
as General Staff Officer, 1st Grade, between 1912 and 1915.
In the latter year he became Brigadier-General (Temporary), commanding
the Dehra Dun Brigade. With his brigade he fought through the Battle of
Neuve Chapelle, when the Bois du Biez was taken by a magnificent charge
and several times cleared, though it could not be held. The brigade made
a brilliant _début_ in the European War, and their charge was only held
up by the line of the river. He was promoted Major-General in January,
1916, became temporary Lieutenant-General in May of the same year, and
was promoted Lieutenant-General in June, 1917.
[Illustration: LIEUT.-GEN. SIR C. W. JACOB]
In addition to these promotions for distinguished service in the present
war, he has been mentioned in despatches, the Order of St. Vladimir
(Fourth Class with swords) has been bestowed upon him, and he was
created first C.B. and then K.C.B.
VIII
MAJOR-GENERAL SIR ARTHUR EDWARD AVELING HOLLAND, K.C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O.
MAJOR-GENERAL SIR ARTHUR EDWARD AVELING HOLLAND, C.B., M.V.O., D.S.O.,
was born April 13th, 1862. He entered the Royal Artillery in 1880, and
saw active service in Burmah from 1885 to 1889, winning a medal and two
clasps. He was promoted Captain in 1888. Between 1895 and 1898 he was
Deputy-Assistant Adjutant-General for the Royal Artillery in the Madras
Presidency, India.
In the South African War (1899-1902) he took part in the operations in
the Transvaal, Orange River Colony and Cape Colony. He was twice
mentioned in despatches and was awarded the D.S.O., together with the
Queen's Medal and four clasps. He became Major, Royal Artillery, in
1898. From 1903 to 1905 he acted as Assistant Military Secretary to
the Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Malta, being given the M.V.O.
while he was so serving. At the end of that period he became
Lieutenant-Colonel. He was promoted Colonel in 1910, and in that year
became Assistant Military Secretary at the Headquarters of the Army. In
September, 1912, he became Commandant at the Royal Military Academy,
Woolwich, being graded as a General Staff Officer, 1st Grade. In
January, 1913, he was promoted Temporary Brigadier-General while still
at the Royal Military Academy.
[Illustration: MAJOR-GENERAL A. E. A. HOLLAND]
He left the Academy in September, 1914, when he became
Brigadier-General, Royal Artillery, 8th Division, which, after the first
Battle of Ypres, went to the front to complete Sir Henry Rawlinson's IV
Corps, and served with distinction in the battle near Fromelles in May,
1915. For distinguished services in this war he was created C.B. in
1915, and promoted Major-General early in 1916. He received the honour
of Knighthood in January, 1918. The work of artillerists but rarely
finds notice and tends to be assumed; but General Holland has been
mentioned in despatches.
IX
LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR IVOR MAXSE, K.C.B., C.V.O., D.S.O.
LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR IVOR MAXSE, K.C.B., C.V.O., D.S.O., born 1862,
joined the Royal Fusiliers in India in 1882, exchanged into the
Coldstream Guards as a Captain in 1891, served on the Staff in Scotland
and Malta, 1893-4, and joined the Egyptian Army under Colonel Kitchener
for the Soudan campaigns of 1897, 1898, and 1899. Was Brigade Major on
active service, 1897 to 1898, Chief Staff Officer, Omdurman, 1898, and
commanded the 13th Sudanese Battalion, 1898 to 1899, with the rank of
Bey. Present at battles of Abu Hamed, Atbara, Omdurman, Elgedid, etc.
(two medals, six clasps, D.S.O.).
In the South African war he served as Assistant Adjutant-General with
Mounted Infantry and Colonial Corps in the advance to Bloemfontein and
Pretoria, 1899 to 1900, and subsequently commanded the South African
Constabulary. Present at the battles of Paardeberg, Driefontein, Sand
River, Johannesburg, and Pretoria (medal, three clasps, C.B., Brevet
Lieutenant-Colonel).
Employed on special duty at the War Office, 1901. Subsequently commanded
the 2nd Battalion Coldstream Guards, the Regiment of Coldstream Guards
and the 1st Guards Brigade at Aldershot (C.V.O.). He proceeded on active
service with this brigade, and commanded it throughout the retreat from
Mons to Paris, and in the battles of the Marne and the Aisne in 1914.
[Illustration: LIEUT.-GEN. SIR F. IVOR MAXSE]
He was then promoted Major-General and appointed to the command of the
18th Division, which he led to France and commanded from 1914 to 1917,
including the battles of the Somme and the Ancre and the capture of
Thiepval and of Schwaben Redoubt. Promoted temporary Lieutenant-General
and K.C.B., January, 1917. Mentioned in despatches eight times, Grand
Officer of the Belgian Crown and Commandeur de la Legion d'Honneur.
X
LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR THOMAS LETHBRIDGE NAPIER MORLAND, K.C.B., K.C.M.G.,
D.S.O.
LIEUTENANT-GENERAL (temporary) SIR THOMAS LETHBRIDGE NAPIER MORLAND,
K.C.B., K.C.M.G., D.S.O., was born August 9th, 1865. He was gazetted
Lieutenant to the King's Royal Rifle Corps in 1884, p.s.c. 1892,
and became Captain in 1893. He was A.D.C. to the Governor and
Commander-in-Chief of Malta from 1895 until he joined the West African
Frontier Force in the spring of 1898. In West Africa he saw extensive
service. In the operations on the Niger and in the Hinterland of Lagos,
1898, he won a medal and clasp, received his Brevet of Major, and was
mentioned in despatches. He commanded in the Kaduna Expedition of 1900,
and was again mentioned in despatches and received a further clasp. In
the operations in Ashanti in the same year he received his Brevet of
Lieutenant-Colonel and a mention in despatches and the medal. He
commanded the operations against the Emir of Yola in 1901, and was
slightly wounded. In this campaign he was mentioned in despatches and
won a medal with clasp and the D.S.O. The Bornu Expedition, 1902, which
he commanded, brought him a further mention in despatches, and a fourth
clasp. For his work in the Kano-Sokoto Campaign, 1903, he was created a
Companion of the Order of the Bath, as well as being again mentioned in
despatches. In 1904 he received his Brevet of Colonel, and from 1905 to
1909 was Inspector-General of the West African Frontier Force. He
returned to England in 1910 to become Brigadier Commanding 2nd Brigade,
Aldershot Command. He became Major-General in 1913. On the outbreak of
this war he was made Commander of the 2nd London Division, Territorial
Force, a command he held until August 31st, 1914. From September 1st
to October 16th, 1914, he raised and commanded the 14th (Light)
Division. On October 17th, 1914, he took over command of 5th Division of
the Expeditionary Force. With this Division he served until July, 1915,
when he was appointed to the command of an Army Corps. With this
promotion his honours in this war include four mentions in despatches,
and his creation as Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath, and as
Knight Commander of the Order of St. Michael and St. George.
[Illustration: LIEUT.-GEN. SIR T. L. N. MORLAND]
XI
MAJOR-GENERAL SIR HUGH MONTAGUE TRENCHARD, K.C.B, D.S.O.
MAJOR-GENERAL SIR HUGH MONTAGUE TRENCHARD, K.C.B, D.S.O, Royal Scots
Fusiliers, Commandant Central Flying School since 1914, was born on
February 3rd, 1873. He entered the Royal Scots Fusiliers through the
Militia in 1893, and became Captain early in 1900. He had meantime seen
service in South Africa with the Imperial Yeomanry, Bushmen Corps, and
afterwards with the Canadian Scouts. While serving with the latter he
was dangerously wounded, and was awarded Queen's Medal with three
clasps, and the King's medal with two clasps. He became Brevet-Major in
1902, and served with the West African Frontier Force between 1903 and
1910. Here he rose to be Commandant of the North Nigerian Regiment in
1908, having previously been mentioned in despatches, and having gained
the D.S.O. in 1906; with the West African Frontier Force he won a medal
and three clasps. Towards the end of 1912 he became Instructor, with the
grade of Squadron Commander, to the Central Flying School of the Royal
Flying Corps, being promoted a year later, in September, 1913, to
Assistant Commandant.
[Illustration: MAJOR-GENERAL H. M. TRENCHARD]
At the outbreak of war in 1914 he became Commandant (temporary) of the
Military Wing of the Royal Flying Corps. In 1915 he was promoted first
Lieutenant-Colonel (January 18th), then Colonel (June 3rd), with,
later, the temporary rank of Brigadier-General. He held this rank from
August 25th, 1915, to March 23rd, 1916, when he became Major-General
(temporary). In the June of 1915 he became A.D.C. (extra) to the King,
and Brigade Commander a month later. When the Air Council was formed in
January, 1918, he was appointed Chief of the Air Staff.
Since 1914 Major-General Trenchard has been made a Commander and a
Knight Commander of the Bath, has been awarded the Order of St. Anne
(3rd Class with Swords), and has received distinguished mention in
despatches.
XII
LIEUT.-GENERAL SIR EDWARD ARTHUR FANSHAWE, K.C.B.
LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR EDWARD ARTHUR FANSHAWE, K.C.B., was born April
4th, 1859. He joined the Royal Artillery at the time of the Afghan War
of 1878, taking part in that campaign and winning a medal. He again saw
service in the Soudan in 1885, and won a medal with clasp and a bronze
star. He was promoted Captain in 1886, Major in 1896, and Colonel in
1908. In 1909 he was made (Temporary) Brigadier-General, commanding the
Royal Artillery, 6th Division, Irish Command, and later he commanded the
Royal Artillery in the 5th Division of the same command. In 1913 he
commanded the Royal Artillery in the Wessex Division of the Southern
Command. In September, 1914, he was promoted Brigadier-General of the
Royal Artillery, and held that position until he became Major-General in
June, 1915. He was promoted Lieutenant-General (Temporary) in July,
1916. Lieutenant-General Sir Edward Fanshawe has received distinguished
mention in despatches, and, in addition to his promotions, has had
bestowed upon him first the C.B. and later the K.C.B.
[Illustration: LIEUT.-GEN. SIR E. A. FANSHAWE]
The Western Front
DRAWINGS BY MUIRHEAD BONE
"They illustrate admirably the daily life of the troops under my
command."
--F.M. SIR DOUGLAS HAIG, K.T.
In Monthly Parts, Price 2/- net.
Parts I.-V. in Volume form, with extra matter, 15/- net.
Parts VI.-X. in Volume form, with extra matter, 15/- net.
Mr. Muirhead Bone's drawings are reproduced in the following form, apart
from "The Western Front" publication:--
WAR DRAWINGS
Size 20 by 15 inches.
Ten plates in each part, 10/6 net.
MUNITION DRAWINGS
Size 31½ by 22 inches.
Six plates in portfolio, 20/- net.
WITH THE GRAND FLEET
Size 31½ by 22 inches.
Six plates in portfolio, 20/- net.
"TANKS"
Size 28 by 20¼ inches.
Single plate, 5/- net.
BRITISH ARTISTS AT THE FRONT
Continuation of "The Western Front."
The sequel to the monthly publication illustrated by Mr. Muirhead Bone
will be issued under the title of "British Artists at the Front."
In size, quality of paper and style this publication will retain the
characteristics of its predecessor.
The illustrations will be in colours, and will be provided by various
artists who have been given facilities to make records of the War.
Part I will be illustrated by Mr. C. R. W. Nevinson, and Part II by Sir
John Lavery, A.R.A.
An illustrated Catalogue referring to the above publications will be
sent on application to "COUNTRY LIFE," Ltd., 20, Tavistock Street,
Covent Garden, London, W.C.2.
Contents of Part I.
I.--HAIG, FIELD-MARSHAL SIR DOUGLAS,
K.T., G.C.B., G.C.V.O., K.C.I.E., =A.D.C.=
II.--PLUMER, GENERAL SIR H., C.O., G.C.B.,
G.C.M.G., G.C.V.O., =A.D.C.=
III.--RAWLINSON, GENERAL SIR H. S., BART.,
G.C.V.O., K.C.B., K.C.V.O.
IV.--GOUGH, GENERAL SIR H. de la POER,
K.C.B., K.C.V.O.
V.--ALLENBY, GENERAL SIR E. H., K.C.B.
VI.--HORNE, GENERAL SIR H. S., K.C.B.
VII.--BIRDWOOD, GENERAL SIR W. R., K.C.B.,
K.C.S.I., K.C.M.G., C.I.E., D.S.O.