Transcriber's note:
Obvious printer errors corrected silently.
Hyphenation has been rationalised. Inconsistent spelling (including
accents) has been retained.
Small capitals have been replaced by full capitals. Italics are
indicated by _underscores_.
Running headers, at the top of each right-hand page, have been converted
into Sidenotes and moved in front of the paragraphs to which they refer.
THE
REFORMATION IN EUROPE
IN THE TIME OF CALVIN.
VOL. II.
LONDON
PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE AND CO.
NEW-STREET SQUARE
HISTORY
OF
THE REFORMATION IN EUROPE
IN THE TIME OF CALVIN.
BY J. H. MERLE D'AUBIGNÉ, D.D.
AUTHOR OF THE
'HISTORY OF THE REFORMATION OF THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY' ETC.
'Les choses de petite durée ont coutume de devenir fanées, quand elles
out passé leur temps.
'Au règne de Christ, il n'y a que le nouvel homme qui soit florissant,
qui ait de la vigueur, et dont il faille faire cas.'
CALVIN.
VOL. II.
GENEVA AND FRANCE.
LONDON:
LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN, ROBERTS, & GREEN.
1863.
CONTENTS
OF
THE SECOND VOLUME.
BOOK II.
FRANCE. FAVOURABLE TIMES.
CHAPTER XIII.
JOHN CALVIN, A STUDENT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ORLEANS.
(1527-1528.)
Calvin's Friend—The Students at Orleans—Pierre de l'Etoile—Opinions
concerning Heretics—Calvin received in the Picard Nation—Calvin
nominated Proctor—Procession for the Maille de Florence—Distinguished by
the Professors—His Friends at Orleans—Daniel and his Family—Melchior
Wolmar—Calvin studies Greek with him—Benefit to the Church of God
PAGE 1
CHAPTER XIV.
CALVIN, TAUGHT AT ORLEANS OF GOD AND MAN, BEGINS TO
DEFEND AND PROPAGATE THE FAITH.
(1528.)
Wolmar teaches him about Germany—Orleans in 1022 and 1528—Calvin's
Anguish and Humility—What made the Reformers triumph—Phases of Calvin's
Conversion—He does not invent a new Doctrine—I sacrifice my Heart to
Thee—His Zeal in Study—He supplies Pierre de l'Etoile's place—Calvin
sought as a Teacher—He seeks a Hiding-place for Study—Explains the
Gospel in Private Families—His first Ministry
14
CHAPTER XV.
CALVIN CALLED AT BOURGES TO THE EVANGELICAL WORK.
(1528-1529.)
Calvin at his Father's Bed-side—His first Letter—Beza arrives at
Orleans—Calvin goes to Bourges—Brilliant Lessons of Alciati—Wolmar and
Calvin at Bourges—Wolmar calls him to the Evangelical Ministry—The
Priest and the Minister—Calvin's Hesitation—He evangelises—Preaches at
Lignières—Recalled by his Father's Death—Preachings at Bourges—Tumult
27
CHAPTER XVI.
BERQUIN, THE MOST LEARNED OF THE NOBILITY, A MARTYR
FOR THE GOSPEL.
(1529.)
Margaret's Regret—Complaints of Erasmus—Plot of the Sorbonne against
Berquin—His Indictment prepared—The Queen intercedes for him—Berquin at
the Conciergerie—Discovery of the Letter—He is imprisoned in a strong
Tower—Sentence—Recourse to God—Efforts of Budæus to save him—His Earnest
Appeals to Berquin—Fall and Uprising of Berquin—Margaret writes to the
King—Haste of the Judges—Procession to the Stake—Berquin joyous in the
presence of Death—His Last Moments—Effect on the Spectators—Murmurs,
Tricks, and Indignation—Effect of his Death in France—The Martyrs'
Hymn—The Reformer rises again from his Ashes
41
CHAPTER XVII.
FIRST LABOURS OF CALVIN AT PARIS.
(1529.)
Calvin turns towards a Christian Career—His old Patrons—Calvin's Sermon
and Hearers—Determines to go to Paris—Focus of Light—Coiffart's
Invitation—Professor Cop goes to see him—Visit to a Nunnery—An Excursion
on horseback—Devotes himself to Theology—Speaks in the Secret
Assemblies—Movement in the _Quartier Latin_—Writings put into
circulation—Calvin endeavours to bring back Briçonnet—Fills the Vessels
with costly Wine—Efforts to convert a young Rake—Beda attacks the King's
Professors—Calvin's Scriptural Principles—Small Beginnings of a great
Work
63
CHAPTER XVIII.
MARGARET'S SORROWS AND THE FESTIVITIES OF THE COURT.
(1530-1531.)
Margaret promotes Unity—Progress of the Reformation—Death of the Queen's
Child—Orders a _Te Deum_ to be sung—Marriage of Francis I. and
Eleanor—Crowd of learned Men—Margaret in the Desert—The Fountain Pure
and Free—Fatal Illness of Louisa of Savoy—Margaret's Care and
Zeal—Magnificent but chimerical Project
82
CHAPTER XIX.
DIPLOMATISTS, BACKSLIDERS, MARTYRS.
(1531.)
Charles V. accuses the Protestants—The German Protestants to Francis
I.—The King sends an Envoy to them—The Envoy's Imprudence and
Diplomacy—Queen Margaret's Prayer-book—Lecoq's Sermon before the
King—_Sursum Corda_—Lecoq's Interview with the King—Lecoq's
Fall—Fanaticism at Toulouse—Jean de Caturce finds Christ—Twelfth-night
Supper—Caturce arrested—His Degradation—He disputes with a Monk—Two
Modes of Reformation
93
CHAPTER XX.
CALVIN'S SEPARATION FROM THE HIERARCHY: HIS FIRST
WORK, HIS FRIENDS.
(1532.)
Daniel tries to bind Calvin to the Church—Calvin resists the
Temptation—His Commentary on Seneca's _Clemency_—His Motives—His
Difficulties and Troubles—Zeal in making his Book known—Calvin's Search
for Bibles in Paris—An unfortunate _Frondeur_—Calvin receives him
kindly—Various Attacks-The Shop of La Forge—Du Tillet and his
Uncertainty—Testimony rendered to Calvin—Relations between Queen
Margaret and Calvin—He refuses to enter the Queen's Service—The Arms of
the Lord
110
CHAPTER XXI.
SMALKALDE AND CALAIS.
(MARCH TO OCTOBER 1532.)
William du Bellay and his Projects—Luther opposed to War—Alliance of
Smalkalde-Assemblies at Frankfort and Schweinfurt—Luther's Opposition to
Diplomacy—No Shedding of Blood—Du Bellay's Speech—Du Bellay and the
Landgrave—The Wurtemberg Question—Peace of Nuremberg—Great Epochs of
Revival—Francis I. unites with Henry VIII.—Confidential Intercourse at
Bologna—Plan to emancipate his Kingdom from the Pope—Message sent by
Francis to the Pope—Christendom will separate from Rome
126
CHAPTER XXII.
A CAPTIVE PRINCE ESCAPES FROM THE HANDS OF THE EMPEROR.
(AUTUMN 1532.)
Alarm occasioned by this Conference—Christopher of Wurtemberg—His
Adversity—The Emperor and his Court cross the Alps—Christopher's
Flight—He is sought for in vain—Claims the Restoration of Wurtemberg
142
CHAPTER XXIII.
THE GOSPEL PREACHED AT THE LOUVRE AND IN THE
METROPOLITAN CHURCHES.
(LENT 1533.)
Roussel invited to preach in the Churches—His Fears—Refusal of the
Sorbonne—Preachings at the Louvre—Crowded Congregations—Effects of these
Preachings—Margaret again desires to open the Churches—Courault and
Berthaud preach in them—Essence of Evangelical Preaching—Its
Effects—Agitation of the Sorbonne—They will not listen—Picard, the
Firebrand—Sedition of Beda and the Monks—The People agitated—God holds
the Tempests in his Hand
150
CHAPTER XXIV.
DEFEAT OF THE ROMISH PARTY IN PARIS, AND MOMENTARY
TRIUMPH OF THE GOSPEL.
(1533.)
The Chiefs of the two Parties imprisoned—Beda traverses Paris on his
Mule—Indignation of the King—He insults the Deputies of the
Sorbonne—Duprat imprisons Picard—Priests and Doctors summoned—Francis
resolves to prosecute the Papists—Condemnation of the three Chiefs—Is
the Cause of Rome lost?—Grief and Joy—Illusions of the Friends of the
Reform—A Student from Strasburg—The four Doctors taken away by the
Police—Belief that the Reform has come—The Students' Satire—Their Jokes
upon Cornu—Appeal of the Sorbonne—Fresh Placards—Progress of the
Reform—If God be for us, who can be against us?—Agitation—Siderander at
the Gate of the Sorbonne—Desires to speak to Budæus—Fresh Attacks
prepared
165
CHAPTER XXV.
CONFERENCE OF BOLOGNA. THE COUNCIL AND CATHERINE DE MEDICI.
(WINTER 1532-1533.)
The Parties face to face—The Emperor demands a Council—Reasons of the
Pope against it—Moral Inertia of the Papacy—The Pope's
Stratagems—Italian League—Tournon and Gramont arrive—They try to win
over the Pope—A great but sad Affair—Catherine de Medici—Offer and
Demand of Francis I.—The Pope's Joy—Thoughts of Henry VIII. on the
proposed Marriage—Advantages to be derived from it
188
CHAPTER XXVI.
INTRIGUES OF CHARLES V., FRANCIS I., AND CLEMENT VII. AROUND
CATHERINE.
(WINTER 1532-1533.)
Doubts insinuated by Charles V.—Let the Full Powers be demanded—The
King's Hesitation—The Full Powers arrive—The Emperor's new Manœuvres—His
Vexation—Charles V. demands a General Council—Francis I. proposes a Lay
Council—Importance of that Document—True Evangelical Councils—Charles
condemns and Francis justifies—Secularisation of the Popedom—The Pope
signs the Italian League—Cardinals' Hats demanded—Vexation of Charles V.—
Projected Interview between the King and the Pope—The Marriage will take
place
202
CHAPTER XXVII.
STORM AGAINST THE QUEEN OF NAVARRE AND HER
MIRROR OF THE SOUL.
(SUMMER 1533.)
Uneasiness and Terror of the Ultramontanes—Plot against the Queen of
Navarre—_The Mirror of the Sinful Soul_—Beda discovers Heresy in
it—Denounces it to the Sorbonne—Assurance of Salvation—The Queen
attacked from the Pulpits—Errors of Monasticism—The _Tales_ of the
Queen of Navarre—Search after and Seizure of the _Mirror_—Rage of
the Monks against the Queen—Margaret's Gentleness—Comedy acted at the
College of Navarre—The Fury Megæra—Transformation of the Queen—
Montmorency tries to ruin her—Christians made a Show
219
CHAPTER XXVIII.
TRIUMPH OF THE QUEEN OF NAVARRE.
(AUTUMN 1533.)
Montmorency—The Prior of Issoudun—The Police at the College—Arrest of
the Principal and the Actors—Judgment of the Sorbonne denounced to the
Rector—Speech of Rector Cop—The Sorbonne disavows the Act—Le Clerq's
Speech—The University apologises—Reform Movement in France—Men of
Mark—New Attacks
236
CHAPTER XXIX.
CATHERINE DE MEDICI GIVEN TO FRANCE.
(OCTOBER 1533.)
The Marriage announced to the Cardinals—Stratagems of the Imperialists
to prevent it—The Swiss—The Moors—The Pope determines to go—Catherine in
the Ships of France—The Pope sails for France—Various Feelings—The
Pope's Arrival at Marseilles—Nocturnal Visit of the King to the
Pope—Embarrassment of the First President—Conferences between the King
and the Pope—The Bull against the Heretics—The Wedding—Catherine's
Joy—What Catherine brings—The Pope's Health declines—The Modern Janus
247
CHAPTER XXX.
ADDRESS OF THE RECTOR TO THE UNIVERSITY OF PARIS.
(NOVEMBER 1533.)
Calvin and Cop share the Work—Inaugural Sitting of the University in
1533—Calvin's Address—The Will of God is manifested—Effect of the
Address—Indignation of the Sorbonne—One only Universal Church—The
University divided—Interest felt by the Queen—Calvin summoned by the
Queen—No one shall stop the Renewal of the Church—The Rector going in
State to the Parliament—Stopped by a Messenger—Cop's Flight—Order to
arrest Calvin—He is entreated to flee—Calvin's Flight—Disguise—
Probability of the Story—Goes into Hiding—Many Evangelicals leave
Paris—Margaret's Farewell
264
CHAPTER XXXI.
CONFERENCE AND ALLIANCE BETWEEN FRANCIS I. AND PHILIP
OF HESSE AT BAR-LE-DUC.
(WINTER 1533-1534.)
Christopher applies to Francis—Will the King unite with the
Protestants?—Du Bellay urges him—Du Bellay passes through
Switzerland—His Speech to Austria—Christopher's Friends—Du Bellay pleads
for him—His Threats—The French Envoy triumphs—The Landgrave's
Projects—Luther opposes them—Conversation between Luther and
Melanchthon—Their Efforts with the Landgrave—Conference between the
Landgrave and the King—Philip and Francis come to an Understanding—
Francis asks for Melanchthon—The Treaty signed—Contradictions in
Francis I
285
CHAPTER XXXII.
TRIUMPH AND MARTYRDOM.
(WINTER 1533-1534.)
The Churches of Paris closed against the Gospel—Private
Assemblies—Dispersed by Morin—New Attack against the Faculty of
Letters—Lutherans threatened with the Stake—Three hundred Evangelicals
sent to Prison—Disputation between Beda and Roussel—Beda's Book
exasperates the King—Margaret intercedes for the Evangelicals—They are
set at liberty—Alexander at Geneva and in Bresse—He preaches at
Lyons—His Activity and Prudence—He is believed to possess Satanic
Powers—Margaret at Paris—The Populace hinder Roussel from
preaching—Alexander preaches at Lyons at Easter—Seized and condemned to
Death—Journey from Lyons to Paris—Appears before the Parliament—Put to
the Torture—Sacerdotal Degradation—Martyrdom—Testimony rendered to
Alexander
303
CHAPTER XXXIII.
WURTEMBERG GIVEN TO PROTESTANTISM BY THE KING OF FRANCE.
(SPRING 1534.)
Interview between Du Bellay and Bucer—The great Fusion is
preparing—Francis I. aids it—His Hopes—Fears and Predictions in
Germany—Austria invokes the Help of the Pope—Sanchez's Interview with
Clement VII.—Consequences of the Temporal Power—The Landgrave advances
with his Army—Melanchthon's Trouble—The Landgrave's Victory—Terror at
Rome—Joy at the Louvre—Wurtemberg restored to its Princes—Religious
Liberty established by the Treaty—Accessions to the Reform
326
CHAPTER XXXIV.
SITTING AT THE LOUVRE FOR THE UNION OF TRUTH AND CATHOLICISM.
(SUMMER 1534.)
A Student of Nismes arrives at Wittemberg—Melanchthon's Letter to
Margaret—Conversation between Margaret and Baduel—Francis I. sends
Chelius into Germany—Melanchthon's Anguish—Chelius received with
Joy—Melanchthon's Zeal—Diverse Opinions on the Union—Bucer's Approval
and Sincerity—Memoirs of the three Doctors—Sitting at the Louvre—Bucer
and Melanchthon denounce the Blemishes of Popery—Moderation—The Church
must have a Government—One single Pontiff—Justification and the Mass—The
Sacraments—Protest against Abuses—Melanchthon's Prayer
342
CHAPTER XXXV.
THE GHOST AT ORLEANS.
(SUMMER 1534.)
Death of the Provostess of Orleans—The Provost and the Friars—Vengeance
invented by the Cordeliers—First Appearance of the Ghost—Second
Appearance—The Provostess tormented for her Lutheranism—The Official's
Investigation—The Students in the Chapel—The Provost appeals to the
King—Arrest of the Monks—They are taken to Paris—The Novice confesses
the Trick—Condemnation—End of the Matter
361
CHAPTER XXXVI.
FRANCIS I. PROPOSES A REFORMATION TO THE SORBONNE.
(AUTUMN 1534.)
Francis acknowledges his Mistakes in Religion—Promises Help to the
German Protestants—French Edition of the Articles communicated to Rome
and the Sorbonne—Alarm of the Sorbonne—The French Spirit—Discussion
between the King's Ministers and the Sorbonne—The Bishops and the Roman
Pontiff—Indifferent Matters—Prayers to the Saints and Saints' Days—The
Mass-mongers—Restoration of the Lord's Supper—Communion with Christ by
Faith—Transubstantiation and the Monasteries—An Assembly of Laymen and
Divines—Peril of Catholicism—England and France—Fresh Efforts of the
Sorbonne—Is Protestantism to be feared by Kings?—Uneasiness of Calvin's
Friends—Dangers of these Conciliations—An Event about to change the
State of Things
375
BOOK III.
FALL OF A BISHOP-PRINCE, AND FIRST EVANGELICAL
BEGINNINGS IN GENEVA.
CHAPTER I.
THE RENAISSANCE, THE REFORMATION, THE MIDDLE AGES.
(1526.)
The Crisis—The Means of Salvation—The Nations behindhand—New Position of
Geneva—The Castles and the neighbouring Seigneurs—Pontverre against the
Swiss Alliance—The Gentlemen on the Highway—Violence and Contempt—
Sarcasms and Threats—The Genevans under arms—Moderation of the
Genevans towards the Disloyal—Favre's Mission to Berne—Cartelier's
Condemnation—Pardoned by the Bishop—The Bishop's Hesitation and Fear
397
CHAPTER II.
THE GOSPEL AT GENEVA AND THE SACK OF ROME.
(JANUARY TO JUNE 1527.)
Laymen and Ecclesiastics—Councillor Ab Hofen, the Friend of Zwingle, at
Geneva—His Christian Conversations—The Priests—The Politicians—Zwingle's
Encouragement—He cheers up Ab Hofen—Opposition and Dejection—Ab Hofen's
Departure, Death, and Influence—The Sack of Rome—Effects of this
Catastrophe—The Genevans compare the Pope and their Bishop—Union of
Faith and Morality
412
CHAPTER III.
THE BISHOP CLINGS TO GENEVA, BUT THE CANONS DEPART.
(SUMMER 1527.)
The Bishop desires to ally with the Swiss—The Swiss refuse—Plot of the
Duke against the Bishop—The Duke's Scheme—Preparations and Warning—The
Bishop escapes—Failure of the Plot—Terror of the Bishop—The Huguenots
wish to get rid of the Canons—The Bishop puts the Canons in prison—The
Bishop desires to become a Citizen—The Syndics call for Lay
Tribunals—The Bishop grants them—Joy of the Citizens—Prerogatives of the
Bishop questioned—The Duke's Irritation—A Ducal Envoy releases the
Canons—They quit Geneva—Various Opinions about their Departure
425
CHAPTER IV.
THE BISHOP-PRINCE FLEES FROM GENEVA.
(JULY AND AUGUST 1527.)
Bishopers and Commoners—Complaints against the Priests—A Young Woman
kidnapped by the Bishop—The People compel him to restore her—Right of
Resistance—Quarrels of the two Parties—The Duke's Threats—The Bishop's
Fears—He determines to quit Geneva—His Night Escape—He arrives at St.
Claude—Hugues returns in safety—The Hireling abandons his Flock
443
CHAPTER V.
EXCOMMUNICATION OF GENEVA AND FUNERAL PROCESSION OF POPERY.
(AUGUST 1527 TO FEBRUARY 1528.)
The Duke tries to gain the Bishop—The State of Geneva constituted—The
Ducal Arms fall at Geneva—Geneva excommunicated—Geneva interdicts the
Papal Bulls—Funeral Procession of Popery—Complaints of the
Priests—Attempt to deprive Bonivard of St. Victor's—Bonivard on
Excommunication—The Duke claims Authority in Matters of Faith—Resolute
Answer of the Genevans—Canons sharply reprimanded by the Duke—Intentions
of Charles
456
CHAPTER VI.
THE KNIGHTS OF THE SPOON LEAGUE AGAINST GENEVA AT THE CASTLE OF
BURSINEL.
(MARCH 1528.)
Complaints of Bonivard about Geneva—Certain Huguenots go to St.
Victor's—Bonivard's Address to them—Faults to be found in it—Huguenots
eat Meat in Lent—The Meeting at Bursinel—Pontverre and the Spoon—The
Fraternity of the Spoon—Alarm in Geneva—Rights of Princes and
Subjects—Bonivard defends Cartigny—The Savoyards take the
Castle—Bonivard fails to retake it—Progress of the Gospel in Geneva—Duke
and Bishop reconciled—The City looks upon the Bishop as an Enemy
469
CHAPTER VII.
INTRIGUES OF THE DUKE AND THE BISHOP.
(SPRING AND SUMMER 1528.)
The Bishop desires to withdraw the Criminal Administration from the
Syndics—Noble Answer of the Genevans—The Bishop's Irritation—His furious
Reception of a Genevan Envoy—Calm of the Genevans—The Duke convokes a
Synod—Speech of Bishop Gazzini—Coldness of the Swiss—Ducal Intrigues in
the Convents—The Order of the Keys—The Syndics at the Dominican Convent
484
CHAPTER VIII.
DEATH OF PONTVERRE.
(OCTOBER 1528 TO JANUARY 1529.)
Pontverre plunders Bonivard—Convokes the Fraternity at Nyon—Insolence of
Pontverre when passing through Geneva—Conference at the Castle of
Nyon—Resolutions adopted there—Pontverre desires to take Geneva by
Treachery—Again attempts to pass through Geneva—His Insolence, Jests of
the Genevans—Struggle on the Rhone Bridge—Pontverre flees—Last Struggle
and Death—Act of Divine Justice—Honours paid him—Violence of the Nobles
increases—Courageous Enterprise of Lullin and Vandel—A Genevan
crucified—The Night of Holy Thursday—The Day of the Ladders
495
CHAPTER IX.
THE REFORMATION BEGINS TO FERMENT IN GENEVA, AND THE OPPOSITION
WITHOUT.
(APRIL 1529 TO JANUARY 1530.)
Disorders and Superstitions in Geneva—Speech on the Saints'
Bodies at St. Gervais—The Souls from Purgatory in the Cemetery—Protest
at St. Gervais—Negative Reform—Representations
of the Bishop—Genevans trust in God—The Cantons cool
towards Geneva—The Swiss propose to revoke the Alliance—Energetic
Refusal of the Genevans—They incline towards the
Reform—Gazzini asks an Audience of the Pope—His Speech
about Geneva and Savoy—The Pope's Answer—Letter of
Charles V. to the Genevans—Emperor and Pope unite against
Geneva
513
CHAPTER X.
VARIOUS MOVEMENTS IN GENEVA AND SECOND IMPRISONMENT OF
BONIVARD.
(MARCH TO MAY 1530.)
The Procurator-Fiscal's Complaints to the Council—Penalty denounced
against the Lutherans, and against Impure Priests—Building the Wall of
St. Gervais—Discourse of the Evangelical Swiss—Vandel wishes for a
Preacher at St. Victor's—Bonivard claims his Revenues—His difficult
Position—The Duke covets St. Victor's—Bonivard visits his sick
Mother—Bonivard's Enemies at Geneva—He goes to Friburg—Determines to
give up his Priory—Bellegarde welcomes Bonivard—Bonivard and his Guide
in the Jorat—He is treacherously arrested—Bonivard at Chillon—His Future
529
CHAPTER XI.
THE ATTACK OF 1530.
(AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, OCTOBER.)
Arrest of the Fiscal Mandolla—The Bishop takes his part—Hastens his
Plans against Geneva—Bishop's Appeal to the Knights—He gives them their
Instructions for the War—Crusade to maintain the Holy Faith—Prisoners in
the Castles—Projects at Augsburg and Gex—De la Sarraz at the head of the
Knights—Troops march against Geneva—Plans of the Enemy—A Friburg Herald
maltreated—The Savoyard Army occupies the Suburbs—Preparations for the
Assault—The Emperor receives Intelligence of the War—The Army
retires—What is the Cause?—The Mercy of God—15,000 Swiss
arrive—Soldierly Controversy—Burning of the Convent of Belle Rive—Good
Catholics quartered at St. Claire—Mass at St. Claire; Preachings at St.
Pierre—Castles taken and burnt—Devotedness of the Nuns of St.
Claire—Truce of St. Julian
547
CHAPTER XII.
GENEVA RECLAIMED BY THE BISHOP, AND AWAKENED BY THE
GOSPEL.
(NOVEMBER 1530 TO OCTOBER 1531.)
Emperor's Letter to the Genevans—Their Answer—Fresh Armaments of the
Duke—Decision of the Diet of Payerne—Pardon and Pilgrimage to St.
Claire—Pilgrims sent back—Fresh Pardon; Religious Liberty—Repasts of the
Pilgrims and Sarcasms of the Genevans—Angels protect St. Claire—The
Pardon followed by an Awakening—_De Christo meditari_—Farel watches
Geneva—Comprehends its Wants—Desires to send Toussaint to Geneva—He
shrinks from the Struggle—Zwingle's Prayer; Fears of the
Genevans—Examination of the Suspected—Friburg and Berne—Allies of the
two Parties at Cappel
573
CHAPTER XIII.
DANGERS TO WHICH THE DEFEAT AT CAPPEL EXPOSES GENEVA.
(OCTOBER 1531 TO JANUARY 1532.)
Geneva attacked because elected of God—Defeat of Cappel—Triumph of the
Romanists—Berne turns her back on Geneva—The Duke and his Army
approach—Reply of Geneva to Berne—Seven Black Knights without Heads—God
prepares Geneva by Trials—Effects produced within by Evils from
without—The Swiss Patricians desire to rescind the Treaty—Geneva appeals
to the People of Berne—The Great Councils are for Geneva—Retirement and
Death of Hugues
591
CHAPTER XIV.
AN EMPEROR AND A SCHOOLMASTER.
(SPRING 1532.)
The Emperor desires to give Geneva to the Duke's Son—Zeal of the Duke,
Firmness of the Genevans—The two Spheres of Christianity—Insufficiency
of Negative Protestantism—Olivétan at Chautemps' House—His Piety, Zeal,
and Courage—Conversations and Sermons—Olivétan's Discourse—The
Judge—Carnal Men—Intellectual Men—Redemption by Blood—The Spirit of
Jesus Christ—The Pioneer—Olivétan's Work
603
CHAPTER XV.
THE PARDON OF ROME AND THE PARDON OF HEAVEN.
(JUNE AND JULY 1532.)
Roman Jubilees—Fermentation at Geneva—A Power which devours everything
that is given to it—Gospel Pardon of all Sins—Tumult around the
Placards—Fight in the City—Catholic Intervention of Friburg—The Council
strives to give Satisfaction—Reaction of the Evangelicals—Order to
preach without Fables—The Nuncio and the Archbishop at Chambéry—Joy of
the Evangelicals out of the City—The little Flock of Payerne—Letter of
the Lovers of the Holy Gospel—The Standard-bearers of the Gospel of
Christ—The Standard raised in Geneva—Geneva attacked by both
Parties—Which will prevail?—The Struggle grows fiercer every day—The
Strong Things of this World destroyed by the Weak
615
HISTORY
OF THE
REFORMATION IN EUROPE
IN THE TIME OF CALVIN.
BOOK II.
FRANCE. FAVOURABLE TIMES.