its northern neighbor which goes south along the Appalachian mountains
to meet it. The two species mingle on the mountain tops from
southwestern Virginia to northern Georgia. The Carolina hemlock is
usually confined to altitudes 2,500 or 3,000 feet above sea level, and
prefers rocky banks of streams. It does not usually occur in dense
stands of even moderate size, as the northern hemlock does. A few trees
in clumps or scattered solitary represent its habit of growth. Typical
development of the species occurs on the headwaters of the Savannah
river in South Carolina. For a long time this hemlock and its northern
relative were supposed to be the same. Botanists did not formerly
separate them, and the mountaineers do not generally do so now. There
are several differences, however, which may be observed upon close
examination, and by comparing the two species. The Carolina hemlock’s
leaves have more rows of stomata and therefore are a little whiter on
the under side. The leaves are also longer, and the cones are larger.
The tree does not attain the dimensions of the northern species, its
average size being forty or fifty feet in height, and two or less in
diameter. It is not abundant, and has never been and never can be much
used for commercial purposes. It is an attractive park tree and has been
widely planted.
LIMBER PINE (_Pinus flexilis_) owes its name to its long, drooping
branches. It is often called white pine, Rocky Mountain white pine,
western white pine, and limber twig pine. It is not the tree usually
called western white pine (_Pinus monticola_), but is a high mountain
species, ranging from the Rocky Mountains of Montana to western Texas;
it grows also on the mountains of Arizona, Utah, Nevada, and California.
The upper limit of its range in the Sierra Nevadas is 12,000 feet. It
descends to an altitude of only 4,000 feet in the Rocky Mountains, and
forms open, scattered stands of round-topped trees of little commercial
value, and is usually associated with western yellow pine or Rocky
Mountain cedar. At altitudes of 8,500 or 10,000 feet it is more stunted,
and associates with Lyall larch and other high mountain species.
Intermediate between its lower and its higher belts it produces a little
merchantable lumber. The wood is light, soft, medium brittle, of slow
growth and with narrow bands of summerwood. The resin passages are large
and numerous. The wood, when a choice trunk is found, resembles that of
eastern white pine; but generally the trunks are inferior in size and
form. The heartwood is light, clear yellow, the sapwood nearly white.
Trees range in height from thirty to fifty feet, and one to three in
diameter. A sawlog ten feet long is about as much as can be had from a
trunk, and of course, when compared with commercial trees, it holds a
low place; but in some remote mountain regions it is the principal wood
available, and to that extent it is of importance. When green, the wood
is very heavy, and sometimes will sink. It is used for posts and in the
mines. The farmer seasons posts on the stump. He peels the trees six
months before cutting them. They immediately exude resin over the whole
peeled surface, and the tree quickly dies. At the end of six months the
trunk is seasoned, and is cut for posts. The ends are smeared with
resin. Such posts have lasted twenty years with little decay. Railroads
make ties of fire-killed limber pine. Charcoal burners use it also. The
growing trees resist the fumes of copper smelters better than any other
species associated with it.
PARRY PINON (_Pinus quadrifolia_). The names by which this tree is
known in the region where it grows indicate one of its leading
features, a bearer of nuts. It is called nut pine, Parry’s nut pine,
pinon, and Mexican pinon. The nuts exceed half an inch in length,
are reddish-brown, and the wings narrow and small. They cannot carry
the nuts far, and the species is not spreading. Reproduction takes
place beneath the parent tree, and frequently the old trunk dies
without having succeeded in planting a single seed to perpetuate the
species. The nuts are nutritious, and are eagerly sought by birds,
rodents, and larger animals, including human beings. The cones are
seldom two inches long, and the leaves are little more than an inch.
They are usually in clusters of four, and fall the third year. The
tree’s characteristics betray its environment. It is fitted for dry,
sterile situations. Its abnormally large seeds provide food for the
seedling until it can get its rootlets deep enough in the poor soil
to get a start. The Parry pinon’s range is confined to the extreme
southern part of California and to Lower California where it
occupies arid mesas and low mountain slopes. It is common on Santa
Rosa mountains, California, at an elevation of 5,000 feet. It is too
small to be worth much for lumber, the usual height being less than
thirty feet, the trunk diameter from ten to sixteen inches. The wood
is medium heavy, weak, low in elasticity, but rather high in fuel
value. The annual rings are very narrow, and the thin bands of
summerwood are not conspicuous. It is one of the slowest-growing of
the pines, and probably it is surpassed in that respect by lodgepole
pine alone. Its only uses are fuel, a few fence posts, and small
ranch timbers.
KNOBCONE PINE (_Pinus attenuata_). This pine is known as
prickly-cone pine, sun-loving pine, sunny-slope pine, narrow-cone
pine, and knobcone pine. Its leaves are in clusters of three, and
are four and five inches long. The cones are from three to six
inches long. They often adhere to the branches thirty or forty
years, and may become entirely overgrown and hidden by bark and
wood--hence the name knobcone. The wood is light, soft, weak,
brittle; the growth is slow and the annual rings are narrow. The
resin passages are large and numerous. The average height of the
mature knobcone pine is from twenty-five to forty feet, and the
trunk diameter eight to twelve inches. It grows on dry mountain
regions of California and Oregon, and is not a valuable timber tree.
A little is occasionally sawed in small dimensions, but the
principal use is for mine props. It is short lived, even when it
does not fall a victim to accidents. In accordance with the
provisions of nature, it prepares for early death by bearing seeds
when only five or six feet high. The cones act as storing places for
seed, sometimes during the whole life of the tree. Thus a knobcone
pine may hold in its tightly closed cones the seeds produced during
the tree’s whole life. When death overtakes it, the cones open and
scatter the seeds. The accumulated crops may total three or four
pounds of seeds. Fire usually kills the trees, but the heat is
generally not sufficient to burn the cones. When they open soon
after the fire has passed, they find a bared mineral soil ready to
receive them. The knobcone pine lives in adversity and usually dies
by violence.
ARIZONA PINE (_Pinus arizonica_). This tree is confined to the
mountains of southern Arizona at from 6,000 to 8,000 feet above sea
level. It is the prevailing pine near the summit of the Santa
Catalina mountains. Much of the timber is of small size and yields
only inferior lumber; but when larger trunks are obtainable, the
lumber grades with western yellow pine, and goes to market with it.
Arizona pine is medium light, soft, not strong, rather brittle, of
slow growth, with the summerwood comparatively broad and very
resinous; color, light red or often yellow, the sapwood lighter
yellow or white. The leaves are in clusters of five and are tufted
at the ends of the branches. They are from five to seven inches
long, and are deciduous the third year.
DWARF JUNIPER (_Juniperus communis_) is an interesting tree because
its range practically runs round the world in the north temperate
and frigid zones, but in the United States the only reported use of
the wood is in southern Illinois where it grows on the limestone
hills and is occasionally cut for fence posts. In nearly all other
parts of its range in this country it is little more than a shrub.
Some trees with a spread of limbs twenty feet across are only three
or four feet high. The seeds mature slowly, not ripening until the
third year; and they often hang a year or two after ripening. The
wood is narrow-ringed, hard, very durable in contact with the soil,
of light brown color, with pale sapwood. In Europe the aromatic
fruit of this tree is used in large quantities to flavor gin, but
there is no report that it has been so employed in this country. In
the United States it occurs in Pennsylvania and northward, and
northward from Illinois, and throughout the Rocky Mountains north of
Texas. It occurs on the Pacific coast north of California. It grows
from Greenland to Alaska, and through Siberia, and northern Europe.
DROOPING JUNIPER (_Juniperus flaccida_) is confined in the United
States to the Chisos mountains in western Texas, but grows in
Mexico. The tree attains a height of thirty feet and a diameter of
one. Its name refers to its graceful branches. It has been planted
in this country less than in southern Europe and northern Africa.
The bark is light cinnamon-brown, and easily separates in loose,
papery scales. The lumberman will never go far to procure drooping
juniper logs. They are too small, scarce, and of form too poor. The
wood has the usual characteristics of the junipers which grow in
western mountains. It looks more like alligator juniper than any
other. In Texas it goes to the lathe to be manufactured into
candlesticks, pin boxes, picture molding, and other articles of
turnery.
UTAH JUNIPER (_Juniperus utahensis_) is known also as juniper,
desert juniper, and western red cedar. The last name is properly
applied to a different tree in Washington and Oregon. The Utah
juniper occupies the great basin between the Rocky Mountains and the
Sierra Nevadas, particularly in Utah, Nevada, California, Arizona,
and Colorado. It thrives best about 8,000 feet above the sea, but
descends to 5,000 feet or less. It is a desert tree, usually small,
often a mere shrub, but occasionally attaining a height of twenty
feet or more and a diameter of one or two. The trunk is irregular in
shape, and is generally deeply fluted. The wood is light brown in
color, though it varies greatly in different specimens, and even in
the same tree. The sapwood is thick and nearly white. The tree has
not been much used except for fence posts and fuel. The Indians of
the region eat the berries raw or bake them in cakes.
INDEX TO COMMON NAMES
Acacia, 535
African mahogany, 463
Ailanthus, 676
Alaska cypress, 121
Alaska pine, 193
Alder, 589
Algaroba, 559
Alleghany sloe, 622
Alligator juniper, 111
Alligator wood, 325
Almondleaf willow, 471
Aloe-leaf yucca, 693
Alpine fir, 166
Alpine larch, 88
Alpine spruce, 195
Alpine western spruce, 196
Alpine whitebark pine, 37
Alternate-leaved dogwood, 526
Alvord oak, 220
Amabilis fir, 165
American apple, 553
American arborvitæ, 97
American ash, 409
American crab, 453
American fringe, 700
American holly, 643
American larch, 80
American linden, 637
American planertree, 397
American smoke-tree, 697
Andromeda, 526
Angelica-tree, 676
Ant’s wood, 696
Apple haw, 459
Arborvitæ, 97
Arizona cork fir, 154
Arizona cypress, 142
Arizona madrona, 663
Arizona palm, 693
Arizona pine, 705
Arizona spruce, 135
Arizona sycamore, 610
Arizona white oak, 218
Arrow-wood, 507
Ash-leaved maple, 445
Aspen, 667, 675
Aspen-leaf, 675
August plum, 621
Bald cypress, 139
Balm of Gilead, 145, 667, 673
Balm of Gilead fir, 145
Balsam, 135, 136, 151, 166, 673
Balsam fir, 145, 151, 159
Balsam poplar, 673
Baltimore oak, 205
Banana, 640
Baretta, 699
Barren oak, 316
Barren scrub oak, 283
Bartram oak, 322
Basket elm, 393
Basket oak, 208, 229
Basket willow, 472
Basswood, 637
Bat-tree, 494
Bayberry, 698
Bay poplar, 337
Bay tree, 529
Beaded locust, 555
Bearberry, 646, 698
Bear oak, 315
Bearwood, 698
Beaver-tree, 495
Bebb willow, 471
Beech, 625
Beetree, 637
Bell-tree, 601
Bellwood, 602
Berlandier ash, 418
Big buckeye, 649
Big-bud, 363
Big-bud hickory, 363
Bigcone pine, 68
Bigcone spruce, 172
Big cottonwood, 667
Bigelow willow, 472
Big hickory nut, 363
Big laurel, 494
Bigleaf laurel, 507
Bigleaf maple, 439
Big pine, 31
Big shellbark, 369
Bigtree, 175
Big white birch, 583
Biltmore ash, 424
Birch, 565
Bird cherry, 619
Bishop’s pine, 69
Bitter cherry, 616
Bitter hickory, 361
Bitternut, 367
Bitternut hickory, 361
Bitter pecan, 361, 375
Bitter walnut, 361
Bitter waternut, 374
Bitterwood, 676
Black ash, 415, 416, 423, 445
Blackbark pine, 75
Black birch, 565, 577, 580
Black calabash, 475
Black cherry, 613
Black cottonwood, 667, 669, 679
Black gum, 159, 331
Black haw, 460
Black hickory, 364, 367, 696, 699
Black ironwood, 700
Black jack, 283
Black jack oak, 291
Black larch, 80
Black limetree, 637
Black locust, 535, 541
Black mangrove, 688
Black maple, 447
Black mulberry, 513
Black oak, 259, 260, 271, 277
Black olivetree, 688
Black pine, 63, 67, 70, 75
Black poplar, 681
Black slash pine, 55
Black sloe, 621
Black spruce, 129
Black thorn, 459
Blacktree, 688
Black walnut, 343
Black willow, 469
Black wood, 688
Bleeding-heart tree, 500
Blister pine, 145, 151
Blue ash, 417, 422
Blue beech, 627
Blue birch, 565, 577, 585
Blue blossoms, 698
Blue dogwood, 526
Blue elder, 700
Blue jack oak, 285
Blue myrtle, 698
Blue oak, 205, 213, 226
Blue spruce, 136
Bluet, 508
Bluewood, 700
Bodark, 511
Bodock, 511
Bog spruce, 130
Bois d’arc, 511
Bois inconnu, 405
Bottom shellbark, 369
Bow-wood, 511
Box elder, 445, 601
Box oak, 223
Box white oak, 223
Boxwood, 523
Bracted fir, 157
Brash oak, 223
Brewer oak, 220
Bristlecone fir, 171
Bristlecone pine, 19, 38
Broadfruit yucca, 693
Broadleaf maple, 439
Broadleaf willow, 472
Broom hickory, 367
Brown ash, 423
Brown hickory, 367
Brown pine, 43
Buckeye, 649
Buckthorn bumelia, 696
Buckwheat-tree, 502
Bullace plum, 621
Bull bay, 494
Bull pine, 49, 75
Bumwood, 697
Burning bush, 499
Burnwood, 502
Bur oak, 211
Bustic, 696
Butternut, 349
Buttonball, 607
Buttonwood, 607
Cabbage palmetto, 691
Cabbage-tree, 691
Cactus, 693
Cajeput, 529
Calico-bush, 505
Calicowood, 601
California bay tree, 529
California black oak, 285
California blue oak, 229
California box elder, 447
California buckeye, 649, 651
California chestnut oak, 313
California coffee, 698
California fan palm, 693
California hemlock spruce, 193
California holly, 645
California juniper, 112
California laurel, 529, 655
California live oak, 307
California nutmeg, 201
California olive, 529
California post cedar, 109
California red bud, 549
California red fir, 164
California sassafras, 529
California scrub oak, 237
California swamp pine, 69
California sycamore, 609
California tanbark oak, 313
California walnut, 351
California white oak, 249
California white pine, 67
Canada plum, 621
Canadian Judas tree, 548
Canadian red pine, 61
Canoe birch, 583
Canoe cedar, 115
Canoewood, 487
Canotia, 699
Canyon birch, 580
Canyon live oak, 308
Carolina cherry, 620
Carolina hemlock, 703
Carolina pine, 49
Carolina poplar, 667
Cascara buckthorn, 698
Cascara sagrada, 698
Catalpa, 475
Catawba, 475
Catawba rhododendron, 507
Cat spruce, 130
Cedar, 91, 97, 109, 118
Cedar elm, 380, 392
Cedar pine, 57
Cereuses, 693
Chalky leucæna, 562
Chapman oak, 208
Chattahoochee pine, 202
Check pine, 70
Checkered-barked juniper, 111
Cherry birch, 565, 580
Chestnut, 631
Chestnut oak, 241, 313
Chickasaw plum, 622
Chihuahua pine, 76
Chinaberry, 665
China-tree, 664
Chinquapin, 634
Chinquapin oak, 247
Chittamwood, 602
Cholla, 691
Cigartree, 476
Cinnamon bark, 701
Cinnamon oak, 286
Clammy locust, 537
Cliff elm, 385
Cockspur, 459
Cocoa plum, 622
Coffeebean, 547
Coffee-berry, 698
Coffeenut, 547
Coffeetree, 547
Colorado blue spruce, 136
Common catalpa, 475, 477
Common thorn, 459
Cornel, 523
Coral bean, 554
Coral sumach, 697
Cork-barked Douglas spruce, 169
Cork elm, 380, 385, 399
Cork pine, 19
Corkwood, 423
Corky elm, 399
Cotton gum, 337
Cottonwood, 667, 673
Cotton-tree, 667
Coulter pine, 68
Cowlicks, 604
Cow oak, 229
Crab, 453
Crab apple, 453
Crabwood, 701
Crack willow, 472
Creeping pine, 37
Cuban pine, 45
Cucumber, 481
Cucumber tree, 487
Currant-tree, 451
Custard apple, 640
Cut-leaved maple, 445
Cypress, 70, 139
Dahoon holly, 645
Darling plum, 700
Darlington oak, 295
Date plum, 517
Deciduous holly, 646
Deer tongue, 507
Delmar pine, 64
Desert juniper, 705
Desert willow, 477
Devil’s claw, 544
Devil’s tongue cactus, 694
Devilwood, 700
Digger pine, 75
Dilly, 696
Doctor gum, 697
Dogwood, 523
Double fir, 151
Double spruce, 130
Douglas fir, 169
Douglas spruce, 169
Douglas-tree, 169
Down-cone, 166
Downy basswood, 639
Downy-cone subalpine fir, 166
Downy poplar, 669
Drooping juniper, 705
Drummond maple, 436
Duck oak, 320
Durand oak, 208
Dwarf ash, 412
Dwarf chestnut oak, 247
Dwarf cypress, 184
Dwarf juniper, 705
Dwarf maple, 442, 446
Dwarf marine pine, 69
Dwarf rose bay, 507
Dwarf sumach, 696
Dwarf walnut, 351
Dyer’s oak, 271
Ebony, 517
Elder, 700
Elderleaf ash, 416
Emory oak, 238
Engelmann oak, 231
Engelmann spruce, 135
English cornel, 526
English dogwood, 526
English hawthorn, 460
European alder, 592
Evergreen buckthorn, 698
Evergreen cherry, 620
Evergreen magnolia, 481, 493
Eysenhardtia, 526
False acacia, 535
False box-dogwood, 523
False mahogany, 531
False shagbark, 346
Fanleaf palm, 693
Farkleberry, 508
Fat pine, 43
Feather-cone red fir, 157
Feather-leaf, 97
Fetid buckeye, 651
Fetid yew, 202
Fighting wood, 199
Finger-cone pine, 25
Fir balsam, 151
Fire cherry, 619
Firewood, 502
Fir pine, 145
Florida ash, 412
Florida basswood, 639
Florida boxwood, 501
Florida buttonwood, 688
Florida cat’s claw, 538
Florida mahogany, 531
Florida maple, 435
Florida pine, 43
Florida torreya, 202
Florida yew, 201
Flowering ash, 700
Flowering cornel, 523
Flowering dogwood, 523
Flowering willow, 477
Forked-leaf black jack, 283
Forked-leaf oak, 217, 283
Forked-leaf white oak, 217
Four-winged halesia, 601
Foxtail pine, 19, 38, 39
Fragrant crab, 453
Fraser fir, 151
Fraser umbrella, 481, 495
Fremont cottonwood, 667, 670
Fremontia, 400
Frijolito, 554
Fringe ash, 412
Fringetree, 700
Gambel oak, 214
Garden wild plum, 622
Georgia oak, 267
Georgia pine, 43
Giant arborvitæ, 115
Giant cactus, 693
Gigantic cedar, 115
Glaucous willow, 472
Glossyleaf willow, 496
Golden cup oak, 308
Golden fir, 164
Goldenleaf chinquapin, 633
Gooseberry, 508
Goose plum, 621, 622
Gopherwood, 553
Gowen cypress, 184
Grand fir, 163
Gray birch, 585
Gray elm, 380
Gray pine, 75
Great California fir, 163
Great laurel, 494, 505
Great western larch, 86
Green ash, 422
Greenbark acacia, 555
Green osier, 526
Gregg ash, 411
Guayacon, 698
Gum, 325
Gumbo limbo, 676
Gum elastic, 696
Gum stretch it, 696
Gum-tree, 325
Gyminda, 49
Hackberry, 403
Hackmatack, 80, 86
Hack-tree, 403
Hairy balm of Gilead, 674
Hardbark hickory, 363
Hardhack, 595
Hard maple, 427
Hard pine, 43, 61, 63
Hardshell, 363
Hardwoods, 4
Hardy catalpa, 475
Haw, 459
Hawthorn, 459
Healing balsam, 151
Heart-leaved thorn, 460
Heart pine, 43
Heartwood, 5
Heavy pine, 67
Heavy-wooded pine, 67
Hedge, 511
Hedge-tree, 511
Hemlock, 187
Hemlock spruce, 187, 193, 195
Hercules’ club, 676, 699
Hickory, 357
Hickory elm, 385
Hickory oak, 308
Hickory pine, 38, 52
Hickory poplar, 487
High-ground willow oak, 286
Highland oak, 296
Hog haw, 459
Hog plum, 621, 697
Holly, 643
Hollyleaf cherry, 616
Honey locust, 535, 541, 559
Honey-shucks locust, 541
Honey pod, 559
Hooker’s oak, 249
Hooker willow, 472
Hoop ash, 403, 415
Hooptree, 415
Hop hornbeam, 595
Hoptree, 699
Hornbeam, 595, 627
Horsebean, 549
Horse chestnut, 651
Horse plum, 621
Huajillo, 538
Huckleberry, 508
Huckleberry oak, 309
Incense cedar, 109
Indian bean, 476
Indian cherry, 451
Indian pear, 451
Indigo thorn, 556
Inkwood, 700
Iowa crab, 454
Iron oak, 223, 308
Ironwood, 501, 502, 559, 595, 627, 696
Ivy, 505
Jack oak, 319
Jack pine, 69
Jamaica dogwood, 526, 550
Jeffrey pine, 75
Jersey pine, 57
Joewood, 701
Joshua-tree, 693
Judas tree, 548
June berry, 451
Juniper, 70, 91, 99, 109, 118, 706
Juniper-bush, 91
Juniper cedar, 99
Juniper tree, 403
Kalmia, 505
Kenai birch, 565, 585
Kingnut, 369
Kingstree, 51
Knobcone pine, 704
Knowlton hornbeam, 598
Kœberlinia, 697
Lanceleaf alder, 592
Lanceleaf cottonwood, 667, 670
Lancewood, 657
Larch, 79, 165
Large buckeye, 649
Largeleaf umbrella, 481, 483
Large poplar, 675
Largetooth aspen, 667, 675
Laurel, 494, 505, 507, 529
Laurel bay, 494
Laurel cherry, 620
Laurel-leaved magnolia, 494
Laurel oak, 295, 319
Laurel tree, 531
Lea oak, 292
Leatherleaf ash, 418
Leatherwood, 400, 502
Leucæna, 562
Leverwood, 595
Lignum-vitæ, 698
Lilac, 698
Limber pine, 19, 703
Limber-twig pine, 703
Linn, 637
Liquid-amber, 325
Little shagbark, 346
Little sugar pine, 25
Little walnut, 351
Live oak, 253, 313
Loblolly pine, 55
Locust, 535
Lodgepole pine, 73
Logwood, 700
Lombardy poplar, 682
Longcone pine, 68
Longleaf pine, 43
Longleaf service, 452
Longleaf willow, 496
Longleaved pine, 63
Longschat, 63
Longshucks pine, 55
Longstalk willow, 471
Longstraw pine, 55
Lovely fir, 165
Lovely red fir, 165
Lowland spruce pine, 51
Low maple, 435
Lyall willow, 496
Lynn, 637
Mackenzie willow, 472
Macnab cypress, 178
Madrona, 661
Magnificent fir, 164
Magnolia, 494
Mahogany, 463, 547
Mahogany birch, 565
Manchineel, 701
Mangrove, 685
Manzanita, 663
Maple, 439
Marlberry, 701
Mastic, 696
Maul oak, 308
May cherry, 451
May haw, 459
Meadow pine, 45, 55
Menzies’ spruce, 133
Mesquite, 559, 562
Mexican cottonwood, 667, 669
Mexican elder, 700
Mexican madrona, 663
Mexican mulberry, 514
Mexican palmetto, 692
Mexican persimmon, 517
Mexican pinon, 19, 33, 704
Mexican walnut, 351
Mexican white pine, 19
Michaux basswood, 639
Mimosa, 562
Minor species, 695
Missouri willow, 473
Mocker nut, 356, 363
Mocker nut hickory, 363
Mock olive, 620
Mock orange, 511, 620
Mohave yucca, 693
Monterey cypress, 141
Monterey pine, 69
Moose elm, 391
Moose maple, 435
Morehus oak, 297
Mountain alder, 592
Mountain ash, 411, 454, 675
Mountain balsam, 151, 166
Mountain birch, 580
Mountain cedar, 111
Mountain elm, 399
Mountain hemlock, 195
Mountain holly, 645
Mountain ivy, 505
Mountain juniper, 99
Mountain laurel, 505, 529
Mountain mahogany, 199, 465
Mountain manchineel, 697
Mountain maple, 435, 441
Mountain pine, 25
Mountain spruce, 135
Mountain white oak, 213
Mulberry, 513
Myrtleberry, 508
Myrtle-tree, 529
Myrtle oak, 297
Naked-wood, 698
Narrowberry, 699
Narrowcone pine, 704
Narrowleaf cottonwood, 667, 669
Narrowleaf crab, 453
Narrowleaf willow, 496
Native plum, 621
Necklace poplar, 667
Netleaf oak, 219
Nettle-tree, 403
New England boxwood, 523
Newcastle thorn, 459
New Mexican locust, 537
New Mexican pinon, 28
Noble fir, 157
Nootka cypress, 121
North American red spruce, 127
North Carolina pine, 49
North Carolina shagbark hickory, 376
Northern cork elm, 385
Northern spruce pine, 19
Northern white cedar, 97
Norway pine, 61
Nutmeg hickory, 374
Nutpine, 28, 33, 68, 704
Nuttall willow, 472
Oak-barked cedar, 111
Obispo pine, 69
Ohio buckeye, 649, 651
Old-field birch, 585
Old-field pine, 49
Old man’s beard, 700
Olivetree, 337
One-berry, 403
One-seed juniper, 99
Opossum wood, 601
Opuntias, 694
Oregon ash, 421
Oregon balsam, 166
Oregon crabapple, 454
Oregon fir, 163
Oregon maple, 439
Oregon oak, 235
Oregon pine, 169
Oregon white oak, 235
Oreodaphne, 529
Osage apple tree, 511
Osage orange, 511
Osier willow, 496
Overcup oak, 217, 223