Sulili (?),
Bêl-kapkapu, 1700
Ashur-bêl-nishêshu, 1500
Puzur-Ashur, 1470
Ashur-nâdin-aḫê, 1430
Ashur-uballiṭ, son, 1420
Bêl-nirari, son, 1400
Pudi-ilu, son, 1397
Adad-nirari I., son, 1395
Shulmanu-asharid (Shalmaneser) I., son, 1380
Tukulti-Ninip I., son, 1340
Ashur-nâṣir-pal I., 1330
Ashur-narara, 1300
Nabû-daian, 1295
Bêl-kudur-uṣur, 1290
Ninip-apil-esharra, 1285
Ashur-dan, son, 1260
Mutakkil-Nusku, son, 1250
Ashur-rêsh-ishi, son, 1220
Tukulti-apil-esharra (Tiglath-pileser) I., son, 1200
Ashur-bêl-kala, son, 1090
Shamshi-Adad IV., brother, 1080
Ashur-nâṣir-pal II., 1050
Erba-Adad (?),
Ashur-nâdin-aḫê,
Ashur-erbi,
Tukulti-apil-esharra (Tiglath-pileser) II., 950
Ashur-dan II., son, 930
Adad-nirari II., son, 911
Dates Certain From Eponym Canon
B.C.
Tukulti-Ninip II., son, 890
Ashur-nâṣir-pal III., son, 884
Shulmanu-asharid (Shalmaneser) II., 859
Shamshi-Adad V., 824
Adad-nirari III., 811
Shulmanu-asharid (Shalmaneser) III., 782
Ashur-dan III., 772
Ashur-nirari II., 754
Tukulti-apil-esharra (Tiglath-pileser, Pul) III., 745
Shulmanu-asharid (Shalmaneser) IV., 726
Sharru-ukin (Sargon) II., 721
Sin-aḫê-erba (Sennacherib), son, 704
Ashur-aḫ-iddin (Esarhaddon), son, 680
Ashur-bâni-pal (Asnapper), son, 668
Ashur-etil-ilâni, son, 625
Sin-shum-lîshir, (?)
Sin-shar-ishkun, (?)
Fall of Nineveh, 607
III. Weights And Measures
I. Weights
1 shekel = 180 _šê_.
1 mina = 60 shekels.
1 talent = 60 minas.
The weight of the mina may be reckoned in round numbers as 500 grams.
II. Measures Of Capacity
_Early Scale_
1 GIN = 180 _šê_ (?).
1 ḲA = 60 GIN.
1 GUR = 300 ḲA.
_Later Scale_
1 GUR = 180 ḲA.
III. Measures Of Length
1 ell (U) = 60 _ubanu_.
1 _ḳânu_ = 6 ells.
1 GAR = 2 _ḳânu_.
1 KASBU = 1,800 GAR.
On other measures see A. D. D., ii., pp. 197-218. The ell is about half a
metre.
IV. Measures Of Surface
1 GIN = 180 _šê._
1 SAR = 60 GIN.
1 GAN = 1,800 SAR.
The area of the SAR was one GAR square, or 6 metres square. Areas were
also measured by the amount of corn required to sow them, or their average
yield, that is by the GUR and ḲA.
V. Measures Of Time
1 day = 12 double hours.
1 month = 30 days, average.
1 year = 12 months, average.
Further details may be obtained from Zimmern’s _Das Princip unserer
Zeit-und Raumteilung_, in the _Berichten d. philolog. histor. Classe d.
Königl. Sächs. Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig_. November 14,
1901.
IV. Bibliography Of The Later Periods
THE NEW BABYLONIAN EMPIRE
*Nabopolassar.*—Strassmaier published nineteen texts in _Z. A._, iv., pp.
141-45, of which three are transcribed and translated in _K. B._, iv., pp.
177-81. Dr. Pinches gave another, _C. T._, iv., p. 14, and another in
Peek-Pinches, p. 3. Dr. Moldenke gave nine other texts in his _Cuneiform
Texts from the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York_.
*Nebuchadrezzar II.*—Strassmaier published 460 texts in _Hefts V.-VI._, of
the _Babylonische Texte_, of which thirty-one are transcribed and
translated in _K. B._, iv., pp. 180-201, and forty are discussed in
Kohler-Peiser’s _Aus Babylonischen Rechtsleben_. Two texts are published
by Pinches, _C. T._, iv., p. 38, two more in Peiser’s _Babylonische
Verträge_, six texts from the Liverpool Museum were published by
Strassmaier in the _Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes,
1883_. Some of the above texts belong, however, to the reign of
Nebuchadrezzar III.
*Evil-Merodach.*—Evetts published twenty-four texts in _Babylonische
Texte, Heft VI., B_, of which _K. B._, iv., pp. 200-3, gives
transcriptions and translations of two. Kohler-Peiser discuss eight in
_Aus Babylonischen Rechtsleben_ and add one more. Strassmaier published
two from the Liverpool Museum in the _Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale
des Orientalistes, 1883_.
*Neriglissar.*—Evetts published seventy-two texts in _Babylonische Texte,
Heft VI., B_, pp. 25-82. Of these four are transcribed and translated in
_K. B._, iv., pp. 202-7 and Kohler-Peiser discussed fourteen in _Aus
Babylonischen Rechtsleben_. In _Babylonische Verträge_, Peiser published
another; and Strassmaier published three from the Liverpool Museum in the
_Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes, 1883_.
*Laborosoarchod.*—Evetts published six texts, _Babylonische Texte, Heft
VI., B_, pp. 85-90. Of these, one is transcribed and translated in _K.
B._, iv., pp. 206-7. Strassmaier published four in the _Actes du VIII.
Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes, 1889_.
*Nabonidus.*—Strassmaier published 1134 texts in _Babylonische Texte, Heft
I.-IV._ Of these, _K. B._, iv., pp. 206-59, gives transcriptions and
translations of fifty-six, and three fresh texts from copies by Peiser,
Pinches, and Revillout. Kohler-Peiser discuss sixty-five of them in _Aus
Babylonischen Rechtsleben_ and add one more. Pinches published two, _C.
T._, iv., pp. 30-41, and four in Peek-Pinches. Dr. Peiser gave another in
_Keilschriftliche Acten-Stücke_, No. 3, two from the British Museum.
Strassmaier published six from the Liverpool Museum in the _Actes du VI.
Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes, 1883_. Dr. Moldenke gave
forty-two texts in his _Cuneiform Texts in the Metropolitan Museum of Art,
New York_.
PERSIAN PERIOD
*Cyrus.*—Strassmaier published 384 texts in _Babylonische Texte, Heft
VII._, of which _K. B._, iv., pp. 253-85 gives transcriptions and
translations of twenty-four, and Kohler-Peiser discussed thirty-four in
_Aus Babylonischen Rechtsleben_, adding four new texts. In
_Keilschriftliche Acten-Stücke_, Peiser gave two more; in _Babylonische
Verträge_, fourteen more. Strassmaier gave two from the Liverpool Museum,
in the _Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale des Orientalistes, 1883_.
Pinches published another in Peek-Pinches, Dr. Budge another in _Z. A._,
vii., p. 219.
*Cambyses.*—Strassmaier gave 441 texts in _Babylonische Texte, Heft
VIII.-IX._, but in these no distinction is made between the reigns of
Cambyses and Cyrus, Cambyses alone, Cyrus alone. _K. B._, iv., pp. 260-63
gives transcription and translation of four, followed by twenty-five of
Cambyses alone and fourteen of Cyrus alone. Kohler-Peiser discussed
twenty-one in _Aus Babylonische Rechtsleben_. Peiser gave seventeen more
in _Babylonische Verträge_ from the Berlin Museum and one from the British
Museum. Strassmaier gave three from the Liverpool Museum, and one in
possession of Golenischeff in the _Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale des
Orientalistes_. Pinches published one in _C. T._, iv., one in
Peek-Pinches. Dr. G. A. Barton published two in the _American Journal of
Semitic Languages, January, 1900_.
*Barzia.*—Strassmaier published nine texts, _Z. A._, iv., pp. 147 ff., of
which four are transcribed and translated, _K. B._, iv., pp. 294-98.
Peiser gave three more in _Babylonische Verträge_. Strassmaier published
one from the Liverpool Museum in the _Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale
des Orientalistes, 1883_.
*Nebuchadrezzar III.*—In _K. B._, iv., pp. 298-303, three are transcribed
and translated from those published above and ascribed to Nebuchadrezzar
II.
*Darius.*—Strassmaier has published 579 texts in _Babylonische Texte, Heft
X.-XII._, of which _K. B._, iv., pp. 302-11 gives transcription and
translation of nine. Kohler-Peiser discuss ninety-six in _Aus
Babylonischen Rechtsleben_ and add seven more. Pinches published six in
_C. T._, ii., p. 2; iv., pp. 21, 32, 41, 43, 44; and twelve in
Peek-Pinches. Peiser gave fifteen in _Keilschriftliche Acten-Stücke_, and
fifty-five in _Babylonische Verträge_ from the Berlin Museum, twenty-four
from the British Museum. Dr. G. A. Barton gave twenty-seven in _American
Journal of Semitic Languages, January, 1900_. Strassmaier gave six from
the Liverpool Museum in the _Actes du VI. Congrès Internationale des
Orientalistes, 1883_. Dr. Budge published three in _Z. A._, iii., pp. 216
ff.
*Shamash-erba.*—Strassmaier published one text of this period in _Z. A._,
iii., p. 157 f.
*Xerxes.*—Evetts published four texts, _Babylonische Texte, Heft VI., B_,
pp. 91-94; of these _K. B._, iv., pp. 310-11 gives transcription and
translation of one. Pinches published one, _C. T._, iv., p. 34, Dr. G. A.
Barton gave one in _American Journal of Semitic Languages, January, 1900_.
Strassmaier published seven in the _Actes du VIII. Congrès Internationale
des Orientalistes, 1889_.
*Artaxerxes.*—Professor Hilprecht and Dr. Clay have published 119 texts
with transcriptions and translations of twelve, in the ninth volume of the
series of Cuneiform Texts of the collections of the University of
Philadelphia. Kotalla has given transcriptions and translations of others
in _B. A. S._, iv. Dr. Peiser gave a transcription and translation of one
from his own copy, _K. B._, iv., pp. 312-13. Kohler-Peiser give two more
in _Aus Babylonischen Rechtsleben_. Dr. G. A. Barton gave four in
_American Journal of Semitic Languages, January, 1900_. Strassmaier
published nine in the _Actes du VIII. Congrès Internationale des
Orientalistes, 1889_, and one in _Z. A._, iii., p. 158.
MACEDONIAN PERIOD
*Alexander IV.*—Strassmaier, _Z. A._, iii., p. 150, transcribed and
translated one, also _K. B._, iv., pp. 312-13. Pinches gave one, _C. T._,
iv., p. 39.
*Seleucus II.*—Oppert, _Doc. Jur._, pp. 301 ff., gave two, one given
again, _K. B._, iv., pp. 312-17. Pinches gave another, _C. T._, iv., p.
29. Strassmaier published one in _Actes du VIII. Congrès Internationale
des Orientalistes, 1889_; and one, _Z. A._, iii., p. 152 f.
*Demetrius.*—Strassmaier published two, _Z. A._, iii., pp. 148-50.
*Antiochus III.*—Strassmaier published one, _Z. A._, iii., p. 150 f.,
transcribed and translated also, _K. B._, iv., pp. 316-17.
ARSACIDE PERIOD
Strassmaier published sixteen texts, _Z. A._, iii., pp. 143 ff., one is
given in transcription and translation, _K. B._, iv., pp. 318-19.
INDEX
Superior Roman numerals refer to sections of the early Babylonian laws,
superior arabic numerals to the laws of the Code of Ḥammurabi, and
superior capitals to the later Assyrian or Babylonian laws.
Abatements:
for loss of crop, 48, 45, 46
for loss of interest, 48, 48
Abêshu’, letters of, 328
Accidental loss:
by drought, etc., payment postponed, 48, 48
by storm or rain falls on tenant, 48, 45
shared by tenant and owner if rent unpaid, 48, 46
Accounts and business documents:
account books, 295
acknowledgment of advances, 302
amounts of food-stuffs, 301
Assyrian lists, 298
conditions of service with flock and herds, 296
herdsman’s, 297
its obscurity, 297, 298
iron articles, mention of, 302
leather, 301
receipts for loans, 295
records of measurements, 296
repairs and expenses, 296
sheep-shearing, 300
skins, 301
steward’s accounts, 302
weaving, 300
wool, memoranda regarding, 299
Adjournment of case:
not to exceed six months, 45, 13
to call witnesses, 45, 13
Adoption:
adoption implied inheritance, 157, 160
brought responsibilities to both parties, 155
by craftsman, who has taught him his handicraft, 61, 188, 189;
he cannot be redeemed, 61, 188;
but redeemable if not taught, 61, 189
by deed signed and sealed, 155
by wealthy persons, 160
consent of others in the family, 156
duties of adopted children, 158, 159
such as service, 159
form of adoption, 157
frequency and reasons for, 154
if disinherited, he receives one-third of son’s share before leaving,
61, 191
but not field, garden, or house, 61, 191
method of procedure, 155
of child of unknown parents, 61, 186
who shall return to parents when known, 61, 186
of royal favorite, or courtier, or votary, 61, 187;
who shall not be reclaimed, 61, 187
of natural son, 61, 185
precautions against suits, 159
punishment of adopted children, 160
pure and simple, 156
repudiation and disinheritance, 157 _sq._
repudiation by adopted son punished, 61, 192 _sq._
rights of adoption to be accepted, 61, 190
system considered, 154 _sq._
Adultery:
charges of, 54, 129, 131, 132
of wife of captive excused, 54, 134
penalties for, 117, 118
penalty, strangling, 54, 129
drowning, 54, 133
Advocate or pleader, 88
Affidavit as to cause of death, 65, 249
Agent. _See_ Merchant:
disputing with principal, 51, 106, 107
his power of attorney, 44, 7, 292
his relations with the principal, 51, 100-107
if loses or unsuccessful, or robbed, repays capital, 51, 101-103
must give strict account of intromissions, 51, 104
must have power of attorney, 69
must keep accounts, 51, 100
of money received, 51, 100
of interest due, 51, 100
must receive sealed acknowledgment, 51, 104
pays threefold for misappropriation, 51, 106
relation to the merchant, 281 _sq._
Agnates, their power, 137
Agriculture, its form, duties, and risks, 48 _sq._
Alienation:
by assignments, 218
by business transfer, 218
by donations and bequests, 218 _sq._
by gifts to votary, daughter, wife, 220, 221
consent of legal heirs, 221
of property, 218 _sq._
of public property forbidden, 47, 33 sq.
restricted by family rights, 219
Allowances:
to divorced wife, 54, 137
usufruct to bring up the children, 54, 137
Alteration of bond by post-dating, 48, 48
Ammi-ditana, letters of, 328
Ammi-zadûga, letters of, 329
Ancestors:
as a family bond, 120.
_See_ Family
Ancestral:
domain, lands subject to, 187
estates, 194
Apprentice, slave taught as, 181, 182
Armenia, references to, in Sennacherib’s letters to Sargon, 338 _sq._
Artificers of the temple, 213
Ashurbânipal:
friendly letters of, 360 _sq._
inquiries about oracles, 379
letters illustrating his reign, 347 _sq._, 352, 353 _sq._, 361 _sq._
son of Esarhaddon, 366
value of his library, 6, 10, 31
Assault:
fatal, to free-woman, 62, 209, 210
to plebeian, 62, 212
to slave, 62, 214
of freeman by slave, 62, 205
of man of higher rank, 62, 202, 203
of pregnant free-woman, causing miscarriage, 62, 209
of plebeian by plebeian, 62, 204
of pregnant plebeian, causing miscarriage, 62, 211
of pregnant slave, causing miscarriage, 62, 213
Assessment of damages. _See_ Damages:
by sheep to green crop, 49, 57
to ripe crop, 49, 58
for assault. _See_ Assault, Fines
for failing in terms of lease, 48, 42, 44
for lack of professional skill. _See_ Surgeon, Veterinary
for neglect. _See_ Neglect
tree cut without consent, 50, 59
Assignment for debt:
of all the debtor has, 50, z
of crop, 48, 49, 49, 50
of date plantation, 50, x
of wife, son, or daughter, 52, 117
Assyrian:
epochs, 31
estimated proportion of slaves, 182
usages regarding slaves, 171
Attorney:
power of, for executing a deed, 69
for representative action, 294
for protecting rights, 293
its use, 44, 7, 292
over funds, 294
Average:
crop in damages, 49, 55
rent in damages, 48, 42, 43, 50, 62, 65
Babylonia:
boundaries of land, 190 _sq._
canals, irrigation, 185
early postal system for letters, 309
importance of studying, vii _sq._
influence of natural features, 184
its epochs, 15, 34, 131, 182
land tenure in, 184 _sq._
lasting effects of its civilization, vii
law later, 69 _sq._
names in slavery, 177, 178
ownership of land, 185, 186
primitive tenure, 185 _sq._
proportion of slaves in the population, 182
village lands, 185
Bailiff. _See_ Official:
has charge of cropping the farm, 48, 49, 49, 52
Bailment:
from minor or slave without bond or witnesses, 44, 7;
and penal equals theft, 44, 7
Banishment:
as an ancient custom, 98
from the city for incest, 56, 154
Bank, temple the popular place of deposit, 210, 211.
_See_ Temple
Beer-seller:
bound to summon slanderers and brawlers to palace, 52, 108
gives 60 ḲA of _sakani_ beer for 50 ḲA of corn, 52, 111
prosecuted and drowned, 52, 108
Beer-shop:
closed against votaries, 52, 110
drink to be not cheaper than corn, 52, 108
not allowed for unlawful assemblies, 52, 109
regulation of, 52, 108-110
votary forbidden, 52, 110
Benefice:
may be assigned to son, 46, 29
deputed, 46, 27-29
forfeited by neglect or disuse, 47, 30
may not be assigned for debt, 47, 39
bequeathed, 47, 38
given for ransom, 47, 32
given in exchange, 48, 41
may not be bequeathed or assigned for debt, 47, 38, 39
may not be given in exchange, 48, 41
penalty for its abuse or neglect, 46, 27-29, 47, 30, 31
price paid for it forfeited, 47, 35, 37
or alienated, 47, 32 _sq._; by sale, 47, 32 _sq._
_Bennu_, slave disease, 67, 280, 170
Bequest:
power of, restrained, 56, 150
free, 56, 150
Betrothed:
betrothal in early life, 132
maiden in her father’s house, 54, 130, 132
marriage ceremony, 132
seduction of, 54, 130, 132, 134
Bibliography:
Arsacide Period, 402
Macedonian Period, 402
New Babylonian Empire, 399
Persian Period, 401
Bigamy:
considered as a custom, 134
in ignorance, 54, 135
Boat:
building of, 64, 234
fast, hired, 67, 276
in collision, 64, 240
one of 60 GUR hired, 67, 277
value in trading, 284, 285
wreck of, 64, 235-238
Boatmen, carriers and builders, their duties and responsibilities, 64, 234
_sq._
Bond, written deed or contract sealed:
Assyrian, of great length, 231
body of the deed uniform, 229
deed of house sale, 241
destroyed on payment, 260
drawn by scribe, 83
for adoption, signed and sealed, 155
for debt, 49, 52
for deed of gift to son, 57, 165
for legal marriage, 54, 128
for legal purchase, 44, 7
for rent due, 48, 47
for storage, 53, 122
in marriage contract, 130
in Sumerian or in Semitic, 229
interests safeguarded, 232
its value as a legal witness, 80 _sq._
kept how and where, 12
legal memoranda in security, 10, 12, 282
marriage contracts, few met with, 137
marriage deed of gift, 56, 150
notary’s fee for, 231
of herdsman, 66, 264
often the subject in pledge, 263
power of attorney for sealing, 69
preserved in temple archives, 227
production of, 112
specifications of items, 230, 231
earnest-money to close the bargain, 230
specimen deed of sale, 228
to daughter of concubine, 60, 183
to votary’s dowry from her father, 59, 178, 60, 179, 180, 181
usually in duplicate, 12
valuable for information, 236, 242, 247
with free gifts, 219
Boundary stones, 191
as inviolable landmarks, 191, 192
description of, in deeds, 238
street named as boundary, 241
usually rectangular, 238
Branding, brander, 63, 226, 227, 176
on forehead for slander, 53, 127, 176
on freeman escaped from levy-master, 176
or tattooing a slave, 176, 177
slave without owner’s consent, 63, 226, 227
son’s wife branded and sold, 140
Brawling in beer-shop, 52, 109
Breach:
of contract by lessee, 48, 42, 44
of promise of marriage, 57, 159, 124
Bribery punished, 321
Bride-price:
and marriage-portion, 55, 138, 57, 159, 123 _sq._, 129
and trousseau, 129
assessed at one mina of silver as price of divorce, 55, 139, 125
assessed at one-third mina of silver if plebeian, 55, 140
deducted from marriage-portion, 57, 166, 124
given back to barren wife when divorced, 55, 138
its ceremonial presentation, 124, 128
its principle considered, 123, 124, 125, 128, 130
negotiations regarding the payment, 125, 126, 128
reserved from father’s estate for minor son, 57, 166, 127, 130
retained by bride’s father, 57, 159
returned double, 57, 160, 161, 124
Bronze lancet, for surgical operations, 63, 215, 218, 220
Builder, his duties and responsibilities, 63, 228, 64, 229 _sq._
Burglary, with death penalty, 44, 6, 46, 21
Burial vault in a house, 245
Burning as penalty:
man and mother in incest, 56, 157
thief in the same fire, 46, 25
Buyer must discharge duties of subject, 48, 40
Buying and selling, general law of, 44, 7, 45, 9-12
Calling to account:
for intromissions, 52, 108-116, 53, 124
for neglect, 48, 42
in divorce case, 55, 141
in nursing, 61, 194
in prosecution, 66, 265
Canals:
used in trading, 284, 285, 319, 320, 321
digging, 383, 24
Cappadocian tablets, 29
Captives:
by enemy for ransom, 47, 32
in war, 54, 133, 135
question as to marriage relations, 54, 133, 135
Caravans, their place in trading, 282, 283
Carrier’s responsibilities, 52, 112
fivefold restitution, 52, 112
Cataract, operations for, 63, 215, 218, 220
Chedorlaomer, supposed reference to, 316, 318
Children. _See_ Inheritance:
age of at majority, 149
betrothed, remained in the father’s house, 149
born of supposed widow remain with second husband, 54, 135
commonly educated, 153
could be preferred by father, 57, 165, 148
daughters under the father’s disposing, 148
dedicated to temple, 224
legitimate and illegitimate, 134
may receive bequest from their mother, 56, 150
of different mothers share equally in their father’s estate, 58, 167
of different mothers share equally in their own mother’s estate, 58, 167
of divorced mothers, their legal rights, 54, 137
of second wife take one-third of the property, 71
of slave and free-woman provided for, 59, 175, 176
of wife and maid may share equally, 58, 170
of wife or those of the maid made free, 58, 171
punishment of unfilial conduct in, 61, 195, 149
sacrifice of by fire, 233
schools for and education of, 152, 153
sold into slavery, 178
status of, in the inheritance, 58, 170, 171
their childhood and early life considered, 151-153
their obligations and rights, 148 _sq._,
their relation to paternal rights, 52, 117, 148
under the mother at their father’s death, 149, 150
Chronology:
Assyria, 397, 398
“of the king,” 25
system of the tablets, 23
tables of, 396-398
Coin. _See_ Loans:
current, 253
Collision of boats, law of, 64, 240
Commerce, how controlled by the State, 324
Commission, trade on, 51, 100-105.
_See_ Agent, Merchant
Compensation:
as granted by the court, 99
for eviction of tenant, 50, Y
for highway robbery, 46, 23
of official, 76
Composition:
for bride-price, 55, 139
for loss of life, 52, 116
Comrade:
breaks off a marriage by calumny, 57, 161, 124
shall not marry the girl, 57, 161, 124
Concubine:
divorced, free to marry, 54, 137, 135
had marriage-portion, 134
her daughter, dowered by deed, shall not share in father’s estate, 60,
183, 135
her daughter, if not dowered, shall be presented with marriage-portion,
60, 184
if a mother and divorced, her legal rights, 54, 137, 135
if a mother, cannot be sold, 55, 146, 135
if childless, may be sold, 55, 147, 135
may receive a slave-mark, 55, 146, 135
must not rival wife, 55, 145, 135
not equal in status to votary, 55, 144-147, 135
restrictions on her marriage, 55, 144-147
Concubinage as a system, 134, 135
Conjugal rights, denial of, 55, 142, 142
denial of, counted equal to desertion, 142
liable to judicial inquiry, 142
Contracts, old, their present value, xii _sq._
Corn:
cultivated and paid in rent, 48, 49
given on loan, 253
tithed to the temple, 208
under charge of the bailiff, 48, 49, 49, 52
with sesame, 48, 49, 49, 50-52
Corporate liability, 46, 23, 47, 32
Corvée. _See_ Militia
Cow in milk, on hire, 65, 243
Courts of law:
cases before, 87
form of procedure, 83 _sq._, 87 _sq._
nature and action, 80 _sq._
penalties from, 95
settlements out of, 87, 111
Creditor. _See_ Merchant, Debtor:
cannot take property without owner’s leave, 52, 113
in marital responsibilities, 56, 151, 152
may not pay himself without debtor’s consent, 52, 113
may sell pledged slave, 53, 118
must restore all illegally taken, 52, 113; and forfeits his claim, 52,
113
punishable for cruel treatment of hostage, 52, 116
responsible for fair treatment of hostage, 52, 115
Criminal law, 116-118
Crop:
in pledge for debt, 48, 48
its duties, 49, 49-52
kinds cultivated, 48, 44, 46, 48, 49, 49, 50, 51, 52
Cultivation:
duties and rent, 48, 42 _sq._
of field described, 48, 43, 44
Custody of child in mother, 46, 29
Cutting down trees, assessment of damage, one-half mina of silver, 50, 59
Damage to crops:
by cutting down trees, one-half mina of silver per tree, 50, 59
by flood assessed at average crop, 49, 55;
assessed at 10 GUR of corn for each GAN of land, 49, 56
by sheep assessed at 20 GUR of corn for each GAN of land, 49, 57;
assessed at 60 GUR of corn for each GAN of land, 49, 58
Damages due. _See_ Fines:
for flooding from open dike wall, 49, 53, 54, 55, 56
for illegal eviction, 50
not a fine, 91
to deceased’s relatives, one mina of silver, 46, 24
Death:
of defendant, 45, 12
of housebreaker, 46, 21