E`lec*tri"tion (?), n. (Physiol.) The recognition by an animal body of the electrical condition of external objects.
E*lec`tri*za"tion (?), n. [Cf. F. électrisation.] The act of electrizing; electrification.
E*lec"trize (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrized (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Electrizing (?).] [Cf. F. électriser.] To electricity. Eng. Cyc.
E*lec"tri`zer (?), n. One who, or that which, electrizes.
E*lec"tro- (?). [L. electrum amber. See Electric.] A prefix or combining form signifying pertaining to electricity, produced by electricity, producing or employing electricity, etc.; as, electro-negative; electro-dynamic; electro- magnet.
E*lec"tro, n. An electrotype.
E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tic (?), a. Pertaining to electro-ballistics.
E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tics (?), n. The art or science of measuring the force or velocity of projectiles by means of electricity.
E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gist (?), n. (Biol.) One versed in electro-biology.
E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gy (?), n. (Biol.) 1. That branch of biology which treats of the electrical phenomena of living organisms.
2. That phase of mesmerism or animal magnetism, the phenomena of which are supposed to be produced by a form of electricity.
E*lec`tro-bi*os"co*py (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. &?; life + -scopy.] (Biol.) A method of determining the presence or absence of life in an animal organism with a current of electricity, by noting the presence or absence of muscular contraction.
E*lec`tro-cap`il*lar"i*ty (?), n. (Physics) The occurrence or production of certain capillary effects by the action of an electrical current or charge.
E*lec`tro-cap"il*la*ry (?), a. (Physics) Pert. to, or caused by, electro- capillarity.
E*lec`tro-chem"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to electro-chemistry. Ure.
E*lec`tro-chem"is*try (?), n. That branch of science which treats of the relation of electricity to chemical changes.
E*lec`tro-chron"o*graph (?), n. (Astron. Physics) An instrument for obtaining an accurate record of the time at which any observed phenomenon occurs, or of its duration. It has an electro-magnetic register connected with a clock. See Chronograph.
E*lec`tro-chron`o*graph"ic (?), a. Belonging to the electro-chronograph, or recorded by the aid of it.
E*lec"tro*cute` (?), v. t. [Electro- + cute in execute.] To execute or put to death by electricity. -- E*lec`tro*cu"tion, n. [Recent; Newspaper words]
E*lec"trode (*lk"trd), n. [Electro- + Gr. "odo`s way, path: cf. F. électrode.] (Elec.) The path by which electricity is conveyed into or from a solution or other conducting medium; esp., the ends of the wires or conductors, leading from source of electricity, and terminating in the medium traversed by the current.
{ E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ic (?), E*lec`tro- dy*nam"ic*al (?), } a. (Physics) Pertaining to the movements or force of electric or galvanic currents; dependent on electric force.
E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ics (?), n. 1. The phenomena of electricity in motion.
2. The branch of science which treats of the properties of electric currents; dynamical electricity.
E*lec`tro-dy`na*mom"e*ter (?), n. An instrument for measuring the strength of electro-dynamic currents.
E*lec`tro-en*grav"ing (?), n. The art or process of engraving by means of electricity.
E*lec`tro-etch"ing (?), n. A mode of etching upon metals by electrolytic action.
E*lec`tro*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Electro- + genesis.] (Physiol.) Same as Electrogeny.
E*lec`tro*gen"ic (?), a. (Physiol.) Of or pertaining to electrogenesis; as, an electrogenic condition.
E`lec*trog"e*ny (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. &?; to produce.] (Physiol.) A term sometimes applied to the effects (tetanus) produced in the muscles of the limbs, when a current of electricity is passed along the spinal cord or nerves.
E*lec`tro-gild"ing (?), n. The art or process of gilding copper, iron, etc., by means of voltaic electricity.
E*lec"tro-gilt` (?), a. Gilded by means of voltaic electricity.
E*lec"tro*graph (?), n. [Electro- + -graph.] A mark, record, or tracing, made by the action of electricity.
E*lec`tro-ki*net"ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to electro-kinetics.
E*lec`tro-ki*net"ics (?), n. That branch of electrical science which treats of electricity in motion.
E*lec`tro*lier" (?), n. [Formed from electric in imitation of chandelier.] A branching frame, often of ornamental design, to support electric illuminating lamps.
E`lec*trol"o*gy (?), n. [Electro- + -logy.] That branch of physical science which treats of the phenomena of electricity and its properties.
E`lec*trol"y*sis (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. &?; a loosing, dissolving, fr. &?; to loose, dissolve.] (Physics & Chem.) The act or process of chemical decomposition, by the action of electricity; as, the electrolysis of silver or nickel for plating; the electrolysis of water.
E*lec"tro*lyte (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. &?; a dissoluble: cf. F. électrolyte.] (Physics & Chem.) A compound decomposable, or subjected to decomposition, by an electric current.
{ E*lec`tro*lyt"ic (?), E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. électrolytique.] Pertaining to electrolysis; as, electrolytic action. -- E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al*ly, adv.
E*lec"tro*ly`za*ble (?), a. Capable of being electrolyzed, or decomposed by electricity.
E*lec`tro*ly*za"tion (?), n. The act or the process of electrolyzing.
E*lec"tro*lyze (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrolyzed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Electrolyzing (?).] [Cf. F. électrolyser. See Electrolysis.] To decompose by the direct action of electricity. Faraday.
E*lec`tro-mag"net (?), n. A mass, usually of soft iron, but sometimes of some other magnetic metal, as nickel or cobalt, rendered temporarily magnetic by being placed within a coil of wire through which a current of electricity is passing. The metal is generally in the form of a bar, either straight, or bent into the shape of a horseshoe.
E*lec`tro-mag*net"ic (?), a. Of, Pertaining to, or produced by, magnetism which is developed by the passage of an electric current.
Electro-magnetic engine, an engine in which the motive force is electro-magnetism. -- Electro- magnetic theory of light (Physics), a theory of light which makes it consist in the rapid alternation of transient electric currents moving transversely to the direction of the ray.
E*lec`tro-mag"net*ism (?), n. The magnetism developed by a current of electricity; the science which treats of the development of magnetism by means of voltaic electricity, and of the properties or actions of the currents evolved.
E*lec`tro-met"al*lur`gy (?), n. The act or art precipitating a metal electro-chemical action, by which a coating is deposited, on a prepared surface, as in electroplating and electrotyping; galvanoplasty.
E`lec*trom"e*ter (?), n. [Electro- + -meter: cf. F. électromètre.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the quantity or intensity of electricity; also, sometimes, and less properly, applied to an instrument which indicates the presence of electricity (usually called an electroscope).
Balance electrometer. See under Balance.
{ E*lec`tro-met"ric (?), E*lec`tro-met"ric*al (?), } a. [Cf. F. électrométrique.] Pertaining to electrometry; made by means of an electrometer; as, an electrometrical experiment.
E`lec*trom"e*try (?), n. [Cf. F. électrométrie.] (Physics) The art or process of making electrical measurements.
E*lec`tro-mo"tion (?), n. The motion of electricity or its passage from one metal to another in a voltaic circuit; mechanical action produced by means of electricity.
E*lec`tro-mo"tive (?), a. Producing electro-motion; producing, or tending to produce, electricity or an electric current; causing electrical action or effects.
Electro-motive force (Physics), the force which produces, or tends to produce, electricity, or an electric current; sometimes used to express the degree of electrification as equivalent to potential, or more properly difference of potential.
E*lec`tro*mo"tor (?), n. [Cf. F. électromoteur.] 1. (Physics) A mover or exciter of electricity; as apparatus for generating a current of electricity.
2. (Mech.) An apparatus or machine for producing motion and mechanical effects by the action of electricity; an electro-magnetic engine.
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E*lec`tro-mus"cu*lar (?), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining the reaction (contraction) of the muscles under electricity, or their sensibility to it.
E*lec"tron (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. 'h`lektron. See Electric.] Amber; also, the alloy of gold and silver, called electrum.
E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive (?), a. (Chem. & Physics) (a) Having the property of being attracted by an electro-positive body, or a tendency to pass to the positive pole in electrolysis, by the law that opposite electricities attract each other. (b) Negative; nonmetallic; acid; -- opposed to positive, metallic, or basic.
E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive, n. (Chem. & Physics) A body which passes to the positive pole in electrolysis.
E`lec*trop"a*thy (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. pa`qos suffering.] (Med.) The treatment of disease by electricity.
E*lec"tro*phone (?), n. [Electro- + Gr. fwnh` sound.] (Physics) An instrument for producing sound by means of electric currents.
||E*lec`troph"o*rus (?), n.; pl. ||Electrophori (#). [NL., fr. combining form electro- + Gr. fe`rein to bear.] (Physics) An instrument for exciting electricity, and repeating the charge indefinitely by induction, consisting of a flat cake of resin, shellac, or ebonite, upon which is placed a plate of metal.
E*lec`tro-phys`i*o*log"ic*al (?), a. (Physiol.) Pertaining to electrical results produced through physiological agencies, or by change of action in a living organism.
E*lec`tro-phys`i*ol"o*gy (?), n. (Physiol.) That branch of physiology which treats of electric phenomena produced through physiological agencies.
E*lec"tro*plate` (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electroplating.] (Mech.) To plate or cover with a coating of metal, usually silver, nickel, or gold, by means of electrolysis.
E*lec"tro*pla`ter (?), n. One who electroplates.
E*lec"tro*pla`ting (?), n. The art or process of depositing a coating (commonly) of silver, gold, or nickel on an inferior metal, by means of electricity.
E*lec`tro-po"lar (?), a. (Physics) Possessing electrical polarity; positively electrified at one end, or on one surface, and negatively at the other; -- said of a conductor.
E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive (?), a. 1. (Physics) Of such a nature relatively to some other associated body or bodies, as to tend to the negative pole of a voltaic battery, in electrolysis, while the associated body tends to the positive pole; -- the converse or correlative of electro-negative.
An element that is electro-positive in one compound may be electro-negative in another, and vice versa.
2. (Chem.) Hence: Positive; metallic; basic; -- distinguished from negative, nonmetallic, or acid.
E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive, n. (Chem. & Physics) A body which passes to the negative pole in electrolysis.
{ E*lec`tro-punc`tu*ra"tion (?), E*lec`tro- punc`tur*ing (?; 135) }, n. (Med.) See Electropuncture.
E*lec`tro-punc`ture (?; 135), n. (Med.) An operation that consists in inserting needless in the part affected, and connecting them with the poles of a galvanic apparatus.
E*lec"tro*scope (?), n. [Electro- + -scope: cf. F. électroscope.] (Physics) An instrument for detecting the presence of electricity, or changes in the electric state of bodies, or the species of electricity present, as by means of pith balls, and the like.
Condensing electroscope (Physics), a form of electroscope in which an increase of sensibility is obtained by the use of a condenser.
E*lec`tro*scop"ic (?), a. Relating to, or made by means of, the electroscope.
E*lec`tro*stat"ic (?), a. Pertaining to electrostatics.
E*lec`tro*stat"ics (?), n. (Physics) That branch of science which treats of statical electricity or electric force in a state of rest.
E*lec`tro-ste"re*o*type (?), n. Same as Electrotype.
E*lec`tro-tel`e*graph"ic (?), a. Pertaining to the electric telegraph, or by means of it.
E*lec`tro-te*leg"ra*phy (?), n. The art or science of constructing or using the electric telegraph; the transmission of messages by means of the electric telegraph.
E*lec`tro-ther`a*peu"tics (?), n. (Med.) The branch of medical science which treats of the applications agent.
E*lec`tro-ther"man*cy (?), n. That branch of electrical science which treats of the effect of an electric current upon the temperature of a conductor, or a part of a circuit composed of two different metals.
E*lec"tro-tint` (?), n. (Fine Arts) A style of engraving in relief by means of voltaic electricity. A picture is drawn on a metallic plate with some material which resists the fluids of a battery; so that, in electro- typing, the parts not covered by the varnish, etc., receive a deposition of metal, and produce the required copy in intaglio. A cast of this is then the plate for printing.
E*lec`tro*ton"ic (?), a. 1. (Physics) Of or pertaining to electrical tension; -- said of a supposed peculiar condition of a conducting circuit during its exposure to the action of another conducting circuit traversed by a uniform electric current when both circuits remain stationary. Faraday.
2. (Physiol.) Relating to electrotonus; as, the electrotonic condition of a nerve.
E`lec*trot"o*nize (?), v. t. (Physiol.) To cause or produce electrotonus.
E`lec*trot"o*nous (?), a. Electrotonic.
||E`lec*trot"o*nus (?), n. [NL., fr. combining form electro- + Gr. &?; tension.] (Physiol.) The modified condition of a nerve, when a constant current of electricity passes through any part of it. See Anelectrotonus, and Catelectrotonus.
E*lec"tro*type (?), n. [Electro- + -type.] A facsimile plate made by electrotypy for use in printing; also, an impression or print from such plate. Also used adjectively.
The face of an electrotype consists of a shell of copper, silver, or the like, produced by the action of an electrical current upon a plate of metal and a wax mold suspended in an acid bath and connected with opposite poles of the battery. It is backed up with a solid filling of type metal.
E*lec"tro*type, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Electrotyped (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Electrotyping (?).] To make facsimile plates of by the electrotype process; as, to electrotype a page of type, a book, etc. See Electrotype, n.
E*lec"tro*ty`per (?), n. One who electrotypes.
E*lec`tro*typ"ic (?), a. Pertaining to, or effected by means of, electrotypy.
E*lec"tro*ty`ping (?), n. The act or the process of making electrotypes.
E*lec"tro*ty`py (?), n. The process of producing electrotype plates. See Note under Electrotype, n.
E*lec`tro-vi"tal (?), a. Derived from, or dependent upon, vital processes; -- said of certain electric currents supposed by some physiologists to circulate in the nerves of animals.
E*lec`tro-vi"tal*ism (?), n. (Physiol.) The theory that the functions of living organisms are dependent upon electricity or a kindred force.
E*lec"trum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;. See Electric, and cf. Electre, Electron.] 1. Amber.