Coefficient of elasticity, the quotient of a stress (of a given kind), by the strain (of a given kind) which it produces; -- called also coefficient of resistance. -- Surface of elasticity (Geom.), the pedal surface of an ellipsoid (see Pedal); a surface used in explaining the phenomena of double refraction and their relation to the elastic force of the luminous ether in crystalline media.
E*las"tic*ness (?), n. The quality of being elastic; elasticity.
E*las"tin (?), n. [Elastic + -in.] (Physiol. Chem.) A nitrogenous substance, somewhat resembling albumin, which forms the chemical basis of elastic tissue. It is very insoluble in most fluids, but is gradually dissolved when digested with either pepsin or trypsin.
E*late" (?), a. [L. elatus elevated, fig., elated, proud (the figure, perh., being borrowed from a prancing horse); e out + latus (used as p. p. of ferre to bear), for tlatus, and akin to E. tolerate. See Tolerate, and cf. Extol.]
<! p. 476 !> 1. Lifted up; raised; elevated.
With upper lip elate.
Fenton.
And sovereign law, that State's collected will,
O'er thrones and globes, elate,
Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill.
Sir W. Jones.
2. Having the spirits raised by success, or by hope; flushed or exalted with confidence; elated; exultant.
O, thoughtless mortals! ever blind to fate,
Too soon dejected, and dejected, and too soon elate.
Pope.
Our nineteenth century is wonderfully set up in its own esteem, wonderfully elate at its progress.
Mrs. H. H. Jackson.
Syn. -- Puffed up; lofty; proud; haughty; exalted; inspirited; transported; delighted; overjoyed.
E*late" (?), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elated; p. pr. & vb. n. Elating.] 1. To raise; to exalt. [R.]
By the potent sun elated high.
Thomson.
2. To exalt the spirit of; to fill with confidence or exultation; to elevate or flush with success; to puff up; to make proud.
Foolishly elated by spiritual pride.
Warburton.
You ought not be elated at the chance mishaps of your enemies.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
E*lat"ed*ly (?), adv. With elation.
E*lat"ed*ness, n. The state of being elated.
E*lat"er (?), n. One who, or that which, elates.
||El"a*ter (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; driver, fr. &?; to drive.] 1. (Bot.) An elastic spiral filament for dispersing the spores, as in some liverworts.
2. (Zoöl.) Any beetle of the family Elateridæ, having the habit, when laid on the back, of giving a sudden upward spring, by a quick movement of the articulation between the abdomen and thorax; -- called also click beetle, spring beetle, and snapping beetle.
3. (Zoöl.) The caudal spring used by Podura and related insects for leaping. See Collembola.
El"a*ter (?), n. (Chem.) The active principle of elaterium, being found in the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber (Ecballium agreste, formerly Motordica Elaterium) and other related species. It is extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline substance, which is a violent purgative.
El"a*ter*ite (?), n. (Min.) A mineral resin, of a blackish brown color, occurring in soft, flexible masses; -- called also mineral caoutchouc, and elastic bitumen.
El`a*te"ri*um (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?;, neut. of &?; driving. See 2d Elater.] A cathartic substance obtained, in the form of yellowish or greenish cakes, as the dried residue of the juice of the wild or squirting cucumber (Ecballium agreste, formerly called Momordica Elaterium).
El`a*ter*om"e*ter (?), n. Same as Elatrometer.
El"a*ter*y (?), n. [See 2d Elater.] Acting force; elasticity. [Obs.] Ray.
E*la"tion (?), n. [L. elatio. See Elate.] A lifting up by success; exaltation; inriation with pride of prosperity. "Felt the elation of triumph." Sir W. Scott.
E*la"tive (?), a. (Gram.) Raised; lifted up; -- a term applied to what is also called the absolute superlative, denoting a high or intense degree of a quality, but not excluding the idea that an equal degree may exist in other cases.
El`a*trom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. &?; a driver + -meter.] (Physics) An instrument for measuring the degree of rarefaction of air contained in the receiver of an air pump. [Spelt also elaterometer.]
E*la"yl (?), n. [Gr. &?; olive oil, oil + yl.] (Chem.) Olefiant gas or ethylene; -- so called by Berzelius from its forming an oil combining with chlorine. [Written also elayle.] See Ethylene.
El"bow (?), n. [AS. elboga, elnboga (akin to D. elleboga, OHG. elinbogo, G. ellbogen, ellenbogen, Icel. &?;lnbogi; prop.; arm-bend); eln ell (orig., forearm) + boga a bending. See 1st Ell, and 4th Bow.] 1. The joint or bend of the arm; the outer curve in the middle of the arm when bent.
Her arms to the elbows naked.
R. of Gloucester.
2. Any turn or bend like that of the elbow, in a wall, building, and the like; a sudden turn in a line of coast or course of a river; also, an angular or jointed part of any structure, as the raised arm of a chair or sofa, or a short pipe fitting, turning at an angle or bent.
3. (Arch.) A sharp angle in any surface of wainscoting or other woodwork; the upright sides which flank any paneled work, as the sides of windows, where the jamb makes an elbow with the window back. Gwilt.
Elbow is used adjectively or as part of a compound, to denote something shaped like, or acting like, an elbow; as, elbow joint; elbow tongs or elbow-tongs; elbowroom, elbow-room, or elbow room.
At the elbow, very near; at hand. -- Elbow grease, energetic application of force in manual labor. [Low] -- Elbow in the hawse (Naut.), the twisting together of two cables by which a vessel rides at anchor, caused by swinging completely round once. Totten. -- Elbow scissors (Surg.), scissors bent in the blade or shank for convenience in cutting. Knight. -- Out at elbow, with coat worn through at the elbows; shabby; in needy circumstances.
El"bow, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Elbowed (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Elbowing.] To push or hit with the elbow, as when one pushes by another.
They [the Dutch] would elbow our own aldermen off the Royal Exchange.
Macaulay.
To elbow one's way, to force one's way by pushing with the elbows; as, to elbow one's way through a crowd.
El"bow (?), v. i. 1. To jut into an angle; to project or to bend after the manner of an elbow.
2. To push rudely along; to elbow one's way. "Purseproud, elbowing Insolence." Grainger.
El"bow*board` (?), n. The base of a window casing, on which the elbows may rest.
El"bow*chair` (?), n. A chair with arms to support the elbows; an armchair. Addison.
El"bow*room` (?), n. Room to extend the elbows on each side; ample room for motion or action; free scope. "My soul hath elbowroom." Shak.
Then came a stretch of grass and a little more elbowroom.
W. G. Norris.
El*ca"ja (?), n. [Ar.] (Bot.) An Arabian tree (Trichilia emetica). The fruit, which is emetic, is sometimes employed in the composition of an ointment for the cure of the itch.
El*ce"sa*ite (?), n. [From Elcesai, the leader of the sect.] (Eccl.) One of a sect of Asiatic Gnostics of the time of the Emperor Trajan.
Eld (?), a. [AS. eald.] Old. [Obs.] Chaucer.
Eld, n. [AS. yldu, yldo, eldo, old age, fr. ald, eald, old. See Old.] 1. Age; esp., old age. [Obs. or Archaic]
As sooth is said, eelde hath great avantage.
Chaucer.
Great Nature, ever young, yet full of eld.
Spenser.