a Gentleman for his age and vertues, deseruing a regardfull
estimation, [blank] Master Bescawnes, [blank] Master Sayers:
but amongst all, vpon that side of the riuer, Taluerne, for
pleasant prospect, large scope, and other hous-keeping commodities,
challengeth the preeminence: it was giuen to a yonger brother
of Lanhearne, for some six or seuen descents past, and hath bred
Gent. of good worth and calling: amongst whom, I may not forget the
late kind, & valiant Sir Iohn Arundell, who matched with Godolphin,
nor Iohn his vertuous, and hopeful succeeding sonne, who married
with Carew; though this remembrance renew that sorrow, which once
I partly expressed in the ensuing Epitaph.
[143]
Seeke not, blind eyes, the liuing with the dead,
Tis earth you see : our Arundel is gone,
To ioyne with Christ, as member to his head,
And skornes, and pities, this our bootlesse mone.
Yet pardon vs, sweete soule, mans nature beares,
We, to thy losse, should sacrifice our teares.
Thou time hast changed to eternitie,
But timelesse was that time, in our regard,
Since nought thou leau'st vs, faue the memorie
Of thy deare worth, so soone not to be spar'd.
Soft be the graue, vnto thy resting bones:
Short be the date, that vs againe atones.
Vpon the East side of the Hauens entrance, Saint Maryes, alias,
S. Mawes Castle, with his Point-blanke Ordinance, comptrolleth any
shipping, that deserue a deniall of admission or passage, and is
commaunded by master Viuian, a Gentleman, who through his worth
deserueth, and with due care and judgement dischargeth, the Martiall
and ciuill gouernments committed to his trust: hee beareth partie
per fesse Ar. and Vnsase 6. in chiefe, a Lyon rampant G.
We will close vp this Hundred, after our vsuall maner, with the
Gentlemen of marke, but not orderly marked. Such are Tanner,
who married the daughter of Roscarrock: who beareth A. on a chiefe S.
three Morions heads O. Pomeroy, a branch of Bery Pomeroy in Deuon:
he beareth O. a Lyon rampant G. who matched with Tanner, and whose
daughter & heire apparant, hath taken to husband the yong Penkeuil,
who beareth A. two Cheurons, and in chiefe a Lyon passant G.
Polwheele, whose name is deduced from his dwelling: and his dwelling
may be interpreted, The miry worke, linked in wedlock with the
coheire of Trencreeke, in English, The towne of the borough.
His mother was Lower of Trelask. Polwheel beareth S. a Saultier
engrayled Erm.
Hearle, lineally descended from sundry Knights, who wedded Treuanion:
and his sonne Treffry. Hee bearth A. a Fesse G. betweene
3. Sheldrakes proper.
Sawle, who espoused Rashleigh: and his father, Kendall, &c.
and beareth A. a Cheuron betweene 3. Faulcons heads erased S.
Pider Hundred.
I Must now, for a while, bid the South sea farewell, vntill a
new oportunity call mee to end the other part of Falmouth hauen,
and take the Hundred of Pider in taske, which confineth with Powder
in situation, as it resembleth the same in denomination.
Pider in Cornish is 4. in English, and this is the fourth Hundred
of Cornwall, if you begin your reckoning from the Wester part,
at Penwith, which (signifying a head) doth seeme so to require it.
In entring this Hundred, Padstowe first presenteth it selfe, a towne
and hauen of suteable quality, for both (though bad) are the best,
that the North Cornish coast possesseth. The Borough gaue name to
the harbour, and borroweth it of Petrock and Stowe, contracting the
same into Padstowe. It hath lately purchased a corporation and
reapeth greatest thrift, by traffiking [144] with Ireland, for which
it commodiously lieth.
The harbour is barred with banks of sand, made (through vniting their
weak forces) sufficiently strong, to resist the Oceans threatening
billows, which (diuorced from their parent) find their rage subdued
by the others lowly submission.
M. Nicholas Prideaux, from his new and stately house, thereby taketh
a ful and large prospect of the towne, hauen, & countrey adioyning,
to all which, his wisdome is a stay, his authority a direction.
He maried one of Viels coheires; and though endowed with fayre
reuenues in Deuon, maketh Cornwall beholden to his residence.
He beareth A. a Cheuron S. in chief a fyle with three Lambreaux G.
The salt water leauing Padstowe, floweth up into the countrey,
that it may embrace the riuer Camel, and hauing performed this
naturall courtesie, ebbeth away againe, to yield him the freer
passage, by which meanes they both vndergoe Wade bridge, the longest,
strongest, and fayrest that the Shire can muster. It tooke his
name of a foorde adioyning, which affoordeth a way, not so safe,
as compendious, when the tyde is out.
Wade bridge delivereth you into a waste ground, where 9. long and
great stones, called The sisters, stand in a ranke together,
and seeme to haue bene so pitched, for continuing the memory of
somewhat, whose notice is yet enuied vs by time.
Neere to Belowdy, commonly, & not vnproperly, termed Beelowzy,
the top of a hill is enuironed with deep treble trenches, which leaue
a large playne space in the midst: they call it Castellan Danis,
of which my former booke maketh mention; and it seemeth (in times
past) to haue bin a matter of moment, the rather, for that a great
cawsey (now couered with grasse) doth lead vnto it.
Saint Colombs is a bigge parish, and a meane market towne, subiect to
the Lordship and patronage of the Lanhearn Arundels, who for
many descents, lye there interred, as the inscriptions on their
graue stones doe testify.
Theire name is deriued from Hirundelle, in French, a Swallow, & out
of France, at the conquest they came, & sixe Swallowes they giue
in Armes. The Countrey people entitle them, The great Arundels:
and greatest stroke, for loue, liuing, and respect, in the Countrey
heretofore they bare.
Their sayd house of Lanhearne, standeth in the next parish,
called Mawgan: Ladu is Cornish for a bank, and on a banke the same
is seated, what hearne may mean, ignorance bids mee keepe silence.
It is appurtenanced with a large scope of land, which (while the
owners there liued) was employed to franke hospitality; yet the
same wanted wood, in lieu whereof, they burned heath, and generally,
it is more regardable for profit, then commendale for pleasure.
The Gent. now liuing, maried Anne the daughter of Henry Gerningham:
his father (a man of a goodly presence and kinde magnanimity) maried
the daughter of the Earle of Darby, and widdow to the L. Stourton.
He beareth S. 6. Swallowes in pile A.
Little Colan hath lesse worth the obseruation, vnlesse you will
deride, or pity, their simplicity, who sought at our Lady Nants
well there, to foreknowe what fortune should betide them, which was
in this maner:
Vpon Palm Sunday, these idle-headed seekers resorted thither,
with a palme crosse in one hand, & an offring [145] in the other:
the offring fell to the Priests share, the Crosse they threwe into
the well; which if it swamme, the party should outliue that yeere;
if it sunk, a short ensuing death was boded: and perhaps,
not altogether vntruely, while a foolish conceyt of this halfening
might the sooner helpe it onwards. A contrary practise to the
goddess Iunoes lake In Laconia: for there, if the wheaten cakes,
cast in vpon her festiuall day, were by the water receiued,
it betokened good luck; if reiected, euill. The like is written
by Pausanias, of Inus in Greece, and by others touching the offrings
throwne into the fornace of mount Etna in Sicill.
From hence, by the double duety of consanguinitie and affinity, I am
called to stop at Cosowarth, which inhabitance altered the Inhabitants
from their former French name Escudifer, in English, Iron shield,
to his owne, as they prooue by olde euidence, not needing in the
Norman Kings new birth, to be distinguished with the Raigners number.
Cosowarth, in Cornish, importeth The high groue: and well stored
with trees it hath bene, neither is yet altogether destitute.
Iohn the heire of that house, hauing by the daughter of Williams,
issue only one daughter Katherine, suffered part of his lands to
descend vnto the children of her first husband, Alen Hill:
another part hee intayled in her second marriage, with Arundel of
Trerice, to their issue. The house of Cosowarth, and the auncient
inheritance there adioyning, he gaue to the heires male of
his stock, by which conueyance, his vncle Iohn succeeded,
who married the daughter of Sir Wil. Lock, King H. the 8. marchant,
and by him knighted, for that with equall courage, and hazard,
hee tooke downe the Popes Bull, set vp at Antwerp against
his Soueraigne. He had issue Thomas, Edward, Michael, Iohn,
and Robert. Thomas maried the daughter of Samtabyn, on whom he
begat Iohn and Dorothy: Iohn the elder and Robert, neuer tasted
the sweet and sowre of bridale fruit.
Michael tooke to wife Sidenhams daughter of Dulverton in
Somerset shire, and is father onely of issue female.
Hee addicteth himself to an Ecclesiasticall life, and therein
ioyning Poetry with Diuinity, endeuoureth to imitate the holy
Prophet Dauid, whose Psalmes, of his translation into English meeter,
receiue the general applause, beyond a great many other wel-deseruing
vndertakers of the same taske.
Iohn the youngest, succeeding in this inheritance, vpon iust cause,
good conscience, and gratefull kindnesse, renewed the intayle which
his father Thomas had cut off, and in a single estate, and the
vniuersall loue of all that conuersed with him, made a short period
of his long hoped life: whose decease I bewayled in these rimes.
HE that at sea and land amidst his foes,
By courage guided, sought, and scapt his death,
Loe, here, amongst his friends, whom liking chose,
And nature lent, hath vp resign'd his breath.
Vnripened fruit in grouth, precious in hope,
Rare in effect, had fortune giuen scope.
Our eyes with teares performe thine obsequy,
And hearts with sighes, since hands could yeeld none aid, [146]
Our tongues with praise preserue thy memory,
And thoughts with griefs, since we behind are staid.
Coswarth farewell, death which vs parts atwaine,
E're long, in life, shall vs conioyne againe.
His sister maried Kendall.
Edward his vncle, and heire, by vertue of these entayles, married the
daughter of Arundel of Trerice, and from a ciuill Courtiers life in
his younger yeers, reposeth his elder age, on the good husbandry of
the country, hauing raised posterity sufficient, for transplanting
the name into many other quarters. He beareth A. on a Cheuron
betweene three wings B. fiue Bezants.
Against you haue passed towards the West somewhat more then a mile,
Trerice, anciently, Treres, offereth you the viewe of his costly and
commodious buildings. What Tre is, you know already, res signifieth
a rushing of fleeting away, and vpon the declyning of a hill the
house is seated.
In Edward the 3. raigne, Ralphe Arundel matched with the heire of
this land and name: since which time, his issue hath there continued,
and encreased their liuelyhood, by sundry like Inheritours, as
S. Iohn, Iew, Durant, Thurlebear, &c.
Precisely to rip vp the whole pedigree, were more tedious, then
behoouefull: and therefore I will onely (as by the way) touch some
fewe poynts, which may serue (in part) to shew what place & regard
they haue borne in the Common wealth.
There was an indenture made, betweene Hugh Courtney, Earle of Deuon,
Leiutenant to the King, for a sea voyage, in defence of the Realme:
and Sir Iohn Arundel of Trerice, for accompanying him therein.
He was Sherife of Cornwall. [8. H. 5.]
Iohn Earle of Huntingdon, vnder his seale of Armes, [5. H. 6.]
made Sir Iohn Arundel of Trerice, Seneshall of his houshold,
as well in peace, as in warre, gaue him ten pound fee, and allowed
him entertaynment in his house, for one Gentleman, three Yeoman,
one boy, and sixe horses.
The same Earle, stiling himselfe Lieutenant generall [8. H. 6.]
to Iohn Duke of Bedford, Constable and Admirall of England,
wrote to the said Sir Iohn Arundel, then Vice-admirall of Cornwall,
for the release of a ship, which hee had arrested by vertue of
his office.
The Queene, by her letter, aduertised Iohn Arundel of [3. H. 7.]
Trerice Esquire, that she was brought in child-bed of [12.Oct.]
a Prince.
The King wrote to Sir Iohn Arundel of Trerice, that [11. H. 8]
he should giue his attendance at Canterbury, about the entertaynment
of the Emperour, whose landing was then and there expected.
Iohn Arundel of Trerice Esquire, tooke prisoner, [14. H. 8.]
Duncane Campbell, a Scot, in a fight at sea, as our Chronicle
mentioneth, concerning which, I thought it not amisse, to insert
a letter sent him from Tho. Duke of Norfolke (to whom he then
belonged) that you may see the stile of those dayes.
[147]
By the Duke of Norf.
Right welbeloued, in our hearty wife we commend vs
vnto you, letting you wit, that by your seruant,
this bearer, wee haue receyued your letters, dated at
Truru the 5. day of this moneth of April, by which we
perceyue the goodly, valiant, and ieopardous enterprise,
it hath pleased God of late to send you, by the taking
of Duncane Camel & other Scots on the sea; of which
enterprise we haue made relation vnto the Kings Highnesse,
who is not a little ioyous and glad, to heare of the same,
and hath required vs instantly in his name, to giue you
thanks for your said valiant courage, and bolde enterprise
in the premises: and by these our letters, for the same
your so doing, we doe not onely thanke you in our most
effectuall wise, but also promise you, that during our
life, wee will bee glad to aduaunce you to any preferment
we can. And ouer this, you shall vnderstand, our said
Soueraigne Lords pleasure is, that you shall come and
repaire to his Highnes, with diligence in your owne
person, bringing with you the said Captiue, and the
Master of the Scottish ship; at which time, you shall
not onely be sure of his especiall thanks by mouth, & to
know his further pleasure therein, but also of vs to
further any your reasonable pursuits vnto his Highnes,
or any other, during our life, to the best of our power,
accordingly. Written at Lambeth, the 11. day of
Aprill aforesaid.
Superscribed: To our right welbeloued
seruant, Iohn Arundell of
Trerice.
The King wrote to Sir Iohn Ar. of Trerice, touching [35. H. 8.] his
discharge from the Admiralty of the fleete, lately committed vnto him,
& that he should deliuer the ship which he sayled in, to
Sir Nic. Poynts.
The same yere the King wrote to him againe, that he should attend him
in his warres against the French king, with his seruants, tenants,
and others, within his roomes and offices, especially horsemen.
Other letters from the King there are, whose date is not expressed,
neither can I by any meanes hunt it out.
One, to his seruant Iohn Arundel of Trerice Esquire, willing him,
not to repaire with his men, and to wayte in the rereward of his army,
as hee had commaunded him, but to keepe them in a readinesse for some
other seruice.
Another, to Sir Iohn Arundel of Trerice, praying and desiring him to
the Court, the Quindene of Saint Hillarie next, wheresoeuer the King
shall then bee within the Realme.
There are also letters, directed to Sir Iohn Arundell of Trerice,
from the Kings Counsell, by some of which it it appeareth, that hee
was Viceadmirall of the Kings [Ed. 6.] shippes, in the West seas,
and by others, that hee had the goods and lands of certaine Rebels,
giuen him, for his good seruice against them.
The Queene wrote to Sir Iohn Arundell of Trerice, [1. Mar] praying
and requiring him, that hee, with his friends and neighbours,
should see the Prince of Spaine most honourably entertained, if he
fortuned to land in Cornwall.
[148]
[2. Mar.] Shee wrote to him (being then Sherife of Cornwall) touching
the election of the Knights of the shire, and the Burgesses for
the Parliament.
[2. & 3.] Shee likewise wrote to him, that (notwithstanding
[P. & M.] the instructions to the Iustices) hee should muster,
and furnish his seruants, tenants, and others, vnder his rule
and offices, with his friends, for the defence, and quieting of
the Countrie, withstanding of enemies, and any other imployment,
as also to certifie, what force of horse and foote he could arme.
These few notes I haue culled out of many others. Sir Iohn Arundell,
last mentioned, by his first wife, the coheire of Beuill, had issue
Roger, who died in his fathers life time; and Katherine, married to
Prideaux: Roger by his wife Trendenham left behind him a sonne,
called Iohn. Sir Iohns second wife, was daughter to Erisy, and
widdow to Gourlyn, who bare him Iohn, his succeeder in Trerice,
and much other faire reuenewes, whose due commendation, because
another might better deliuer then my selfe, who touch him as neerely,
as Tacitus did Agricola) I will therefore bound the same within
his desert, and onely say this, which all, who knew him,
shall testifie with me: that, of his enemies, he would take no wrong,
nor on them any reuenge; and being once reconciled, embraced them,
without scruple or remnant of gall. Ouer his kinred, hee held a
warie and charie care, which bountifully was expressed, when occasion
so required, reputing himselfe, not onely principall of the family,
but a generall father to them all. Priuate respects euer, with him,
gaue place to the common good: as for franke, well ordered,
and continuall hospitalitie, he outwent all shew of competence:
spare, but discreet of speech, better conceiuing, then deliuering:
equally stout, and kind, not vpon lightnesse of humour,
but soundnesse of iudgement, inclined to commiseration, readie to
relieue. Briefely, so accomplished in vertue, that those, who for
many yeeres together wayted in neerest place about him, and, by his
example, learned to hate vntruth, haue often deeply protested,
how no curious obseruation of theirs, could euer descrie in him,
any one notorious vice. By his first foreremembred wife, he had 4.
daughters married, to Carew, Summaster, Cosowarth, & Denham:
by his later, the daughter of Sir Robert Denis, 2. sonnes,
and 2. daughters: the elder, euen from his young yeeres, began where
his father left, and with so temperate a course, treadeth iust in
his footesteps, that hee inheriteth, as well his loue, as his liuing.
The younger brother followeth the Netherland wars, with so wel-liked
a cariage, that hee outgoeth his age, and time of seruice,
in preferment. Their mother equalleth her husbands former children,
and generally all his kinred, in kind vsage, with her owne, and is
by them all, againe, so acknowledged and respected.
Of Saint Peran, wee haue spoken before, which too well brooketh
his surname, in Sabulo: for the light sand, carried vp by the North
wind, from the sea shore, daily continueth his couering, and marring
the land adioynant, so as the distresse of this deluge, draue the
Inhabitants to remooue their Church: howbeit, when it meeteth with
any crossing brooke, the same (by a secret antipathy) restraineth,
and barreth his farder incroching that way.
In Withiell Parish of this Hundred, one Gidly, not many yeeres
sithence, digged downe a little hillocke, or [149] Borough,
called Borsneeuas, in English, Cheapfull, therewith to thicken his
other ground. In the bottome of which he found three white stones,
triangle-wise (as pillers) supporting another flat one, some two
foote and a halfe square, and in the midst betweene them, and vnder
it, an earthen Pot, halfe full of a blacke slymie, and ill-fauouring
substance, which (doubtlesse) was once the ashes of some notable
person, there committed to that maner of buriall.
Saint Agnes, one of the high hils, which I specially recited in
my former booke, by his entrailes (like Prometheus) feedeth the
Tynners pecking, or picking bils, with a long liued profit,
albeit, their scarcle Eagle eyes sometimes mistake the shadow
for the substance, and so offer vp degenerate teares, as a late
sacrifice to repentance.
The neighbours haue obserued, that of two Lakes, neere adioyning
to this hill, and so each to other, the one will foster fish,
and the other none at all.
Neyther may I omit newe Kaye, a place in the North coast of
this Hundred, so called, because in former times, the neighbours
attempted, to supplie the defect of nature, by Art, in making there
a Kay, for the Rode of shipping, which conceyt they still retayne,
though want of means in themselues, or the place, haue left the
effect in Nubibus: and onely lent them the benefit of Lestercockes
and fisher-boates.
I cannot finish this Hundred, with the relation of many more
Gentlemen, eyther through want of them, or in my selfe.
Trenance added to his owne liuelyhood, the possessions of Littleton,
to whome, as sisters sonne, and generall heire, hee succeeded and
married Kendall, and his sonne Roscarrocke: hee beareth A. a Fesse,
betweene three Swords S.
There dwelleth also Master Tredenick, who matched with the daughter
of Viuian, and his father, of Marow, who beareth O. on a bend S.
three Buckes heads cabased A. As also Langherne B. a Cheuron
betweene 3. Escalops O. Burlace, A. on a bend S. two hands tearing
in sunder a horse-shooe of the field; and others.
Kerier Hundred.
KEry in Cornish, signifieth bearing: and yet you must beare with me,
if I forbeare to deriue Kerier herefrom, vntill I see some reason
for my warrant: wherefore leauing that, I will weaue on my former
webbe of Falmouth hauen; and first, a word or two touching the
same in generall, ere I descend to the yet vndescribed West side
in particular.
The riuer Fala, falling here, into the seas wide-gaping mouth,
hath endowed it with that name,
In the very entrance of the harbour lyeth a rocke, rather disgracing,
then endamaging the same: for with the ebbe it is discouered, and at
the flood, marked by a pole purposely fixed thereupon. For the rest,
such as compare Plymmouth and Falmouth together, obserue, that
Plymmouth creekes are mostly coasted with plaine shoares; Falmouth,
with steepe: which maketh that, the more delightfull for prospect,
this, the more safe for riding. Againe, they say that Falmouth
lyeth farther out in the trade way, and so offreth a sooner oportunity
to wind-driuen shipping, then Plymmouth, but that Plymmouth hath a
better outlet, from his Catwater, for saylers [150] bound to
the Westwards, and from Hamoase for those that would fare to the East,
then Falmouth. Likewise as Plymmouth vaunteth richer and fairer
townes, and greater plentie of fish then Falmouth: so Falmouth
braggeth, that a hundred sayle may Anker within his circuite,
and no one of them see the others top, which Plymmouth cannot equall.
Howsoeuer they agree for competence among themselues, the worst
of them, by most mens iudgements, hath the precedence (Milford onely
excepted) of all other hauens in England. And thus much of the whole.
Now to the parts.
On the West side, at the verie comming in, there riseth a hill,
called Pendenis, where king Henrie the eighth, when hee tooke order
for fortifying the Sea coasts, caused a Castle to bee builded,
with allowance of a pettie Garrison, and some small store of
Ordinance. Another, somewhat like thereto in plot, but different
in sight, was s. Mawes then erected in the other side, at Saint Mawes,
of which Castle, I haue spoken heretofore.
Saint Mawes lieth lower, and better to annoy shipping: but Pendenis
standeth higher, and stronger to defend it selfe. It should seeme,
the fortifier made his aduantage of the commoditie, affoorded by
the ground, and shot rather at a safe preferuing the Harbour,
from sodaine attempts of little Fleetes, and the mastering of Pirates,
then to withstand any great Nauie, or maigne inuasion.
But her Maiestie casting an equall eye to both, or rather a sharper
sight to this later, as quickned through the enemies diuers pretences
against these places (whereof Falmouth, by myracle, not prouidence,
escaped one) raysed a new fort with a Garrison, vpon the Hawe
at Plymmouth, and at her great charges, with some little helpe
of the Countrie, added an increase of fortification and souldiers
to Pendenis. Howbeit, his greatest strength consisteth in
Sir Nicholas Parker, the Gouernour, who demeaning himselfe,
no lesse kindly, and frankly towards his neighbours, for the present,
then hee did resolutely, and valiantly, against the enemie when he
followed the warres; therethrough commaundeth, not onely their bodies,
by his authoritie, but also their hearts, by his loue, to liue
and die in his assistance, for their common preseruation, and her
Highnesse seruice: hee beareth B. Frettie, and A. a Fesse O.