feo. vnde Prior ten. 3. acr. & di. ibi. Idem
Will. ten. in Bodrigan Penarth & Cargois 3.
feod.
Idem Will. ten. in Gouely 1. feod.
Idem Will. ten. in Prideas 1. feod.
Idem Will. ten. in Lishiestick 1. feod.
Idem Will. ten. in Treuerlynwater di. feod.
Idem Will. ten. in Bodenda 4. part. 1. feod.
Idem Will. ten, in Treuerbindren 5. par. i. feod.
Idem Will. ten. in Tronneck 5. part. 1. feod.
Idem Will. ten. in Tronalgerthan 4. part. 1. feod.
Episcop. Exon. ten. in Caniwerez 1. feod.
Idem Episcop. ten. in Trenel 1. feod.
Idem Episcop. ten. in Taluren 1. feod.
Idem ten. in Fentengullyn di. feod.
Idem ten. in Tremnel di. feod.
Idem ten. in Trelonck. di. feod.
Henr. de la Pomeray ten. 3. part. 1. feo. in Hellarna.
Ioh. de Riparys ten. in Mauntayn di. feod.
Idem ten. in Trethak 1. feod.
Steph. de Belloprato ten. in Treuewith & Trewithy di.
feod. paru.
Serlo de Lauladro ten. ibid. & in S. Goriann & in paru.
Luntyan 1. feod. & di. paru.
Rad. de Killigreu ten. ibid. 1. feod. paru.
Will, de Bodrigan ten. in Tremodret & in la roche 3.
feod. paru.
Serlo de Lauladro ten. in Alet 3. part. 1. feod.
Will. Stanley & Comes de Riuers ten. 1. feod. mili. Mo.
in Elerky.
Haeres Iocei Dynnan ten. in Eglosroset in Trelewith
1. feod.
Will. Baillisbury vaca. vxo. fuae ten.in Blanchelond
1. feod.
Henr. fil. Maugi de Killigreu ten. in Trewyn 3. part.
1. feod.
Ric. de Hiwisch ten. in Trenasanstel di. feod.
Idem ten. in Gloures 1. feod.
Haeres Iocei Dynnan ten. in Argallez 1. feod. paru.
Idem ten. in Fountomon 3. part. 1. feod. paru.
Haeres Thomas de Prideas ten. in Boswyghergy 2. part.
1.feod. paru.
Mat. de Trethake ten. in Tragameddon 2. feo. par.
Rex. ten. aquam de Fawe pro 2. feod. & 3. part, 1.feo.
Henricus de la Pomerey ten. 12. feod. in Tregony.
Hundred de Kerier.
WAlter. Wailisbury & Isolda vxor eius te. 3. feod.
in Rescronges dicta feod. Mortan.
[45]
Iohannis de Riparys te. in Rosewike 1. feo. Mort.
Episcop. Exon. ten di. mag. feod. in Minstre.
Rogerus de Carminon ten. 20. part. 1. feo. Mort. extra
10. part. illius 20, in Wynnenton, Marthyn & Ta-
merton.
Thomas Durant ten. in Penzenguans, 1. fe. Mort.
Iohannes fil. Will. ten. di. feod. in Arworthel per Car-
tam Edwardi quondam Com. Cornub. dict. feod.
Mor.
Euidentiae extractae de rubro libra
de Scaccario, 143.
Cornub.
RObertus de Cardinan 71. feod. milit.
Reginaldus de Valle torta 59. de honore de Tre-
meton.
Thomas de Middleton 10. de honore de Midd.
Will. de Botterill 12. milit.
Robertus fil. Walteri 11. milit. de feod. Ric. de Lusti
auunculi sui.
Robertus de Peuerel 9. milit. de feod. eiusdem.
Ric. fil. Ric. 1. feod. & 3. part, cum haere de
Rupe.
Rad. Bloyon 7.
Arehennaund. Flandrensis 7. milit.
Robertus de Tintagle 5. milit.
Henricus fil. Will. 4. milit.
Wil. de Albemarle 5. milit. cum relict, Robert. de
Bikehat.
Radulphus de Treat. 1. milit.
Ric. Wallensis 2. milit.
Wil. de Bosfco Roardi 2. milit.
Iohannes de monte acuto.
Henricus de Pomeray.
Henricus de Herys 1.
Pharanus Warebras 1. milit.
Barth. fil. 1. milit.
Gilbertus Anglicus 1. milit.
Symon Pincerna 1.
Ric. filius Iuonis 1.
Ric. Buzon. 1.
Henricus fil. Com. 1.
Huardus de Bekelege 1.
Walterius de Dunstan vil. 1. milit.
Hastul de Sullinge 4. part.
Robertus de Mandeuil 1. milit.
Alicia de Valletorta 1. milit.
Seriantes.
PEtrus fil. Ogeri 40. Cabulion per vnam Capam
de Gresenge in aduentum dict. Regis in Cornu-
biam.
Rogerus Cithared 5. pro portanda illa Capa dum Rex
fuerit in Cornubia.
[46]
Iohan. de Pencoit vnam acram in Lametyn prec. de 5.s.
fac. ibid, custodiam per 40. dies.
Rog. de Bodmel 1. acram pro sequela in Com.
Rob. Espiakelin duas acras & furuum in Lanceneton, vt
eat in exercitum cum rege stipendiis ipsius Regis.
Extenta acrarum Cornub. facta coram Salom. de
Ross. & Sociis suis Iustic. itinerant, apud Laun-
ceston a die Paschae in 3.septimanas anno Reg.
Edw. 12.
Hundred de Penwith.
Decunar. de Tihidi. 70. Lanistly 28. Acr.
Redwory 14. Acras. Alwarton. 64.
Couerton. 45. Trefruss. 3.
Treruffe. 1. Marchel. 23.
Dreyneck. 5. Trefundryn. 20.
Bennerton. 45. Maen. 15.
Gurlyn. 15. Bree. 8.
Loygans. 9. Kelyneck. 24.
Tenent de Tregony. 9. Warewil. 25.
Penuerthy. 8. Tredyne. 1.
Vthno. 8. Trewannard.
Prior Mich. 8. Kelision. 6.
Treynwal. 20. Tredeny. 3.
Luddeuan. 55.
Sum. 532. Acr.
Hundred de Kerier
Talgollon. 6. Carmynow. 18.
Pensignans. 6. Wymanton. 12.
Kenel 1. di. Trebrabo. 24.
Arwothel. 9. S. Mawgan. 9.
Restrongas. 21. Helston. 30.
Penryn. 21. Methele. 15.
Treros. 6. Trenhale. 6.
Minster. 12. Godolghan 13. als. Epo. 9.
Trewotheck. 6. Pengirsick, 6.
Trenaweth. 9. Rogearon. 9.
Trelan. 9. Wenna. 9.
Rosewike. 30. Trelew. 9. als. 1. Ac. Exo.
Lysard. 12. Presprinick. 6.
Tredaneck. 6. Trelybey. 9.
Tucays. 6. Luceas 31. als. 31. Ac. Ex.
Clehar. 6.
Sum. 397. Acr. & dimid.
Hundred de Pider.
Deci. de naushike pro. 6. Trewenneck. 3.
Kalestek. 4. Trewoleck. 9.
Elineas. 24. Bodwenek. 9.
Dygimbris. 39. Rialton parua. 57.
Treloy. 9. Trenowith. 3.
[47]
S. Ify. 14. Treworder Bilcon. 12.
Lanheyl Tinten. 18. Meddeschole. 9.
Methean. 2. S. Peran. 3.
Trewarnayl. 51. Eliquyn. 6.
Carantock. 18. Cargoule. 39.
Ryalton. 18. Porthe. 9.
Lanhernow. 18. Carnaton. 14.
Pawton. 120. Tregennow. 9.
Aldennow. 21. Tremblithe. 4.
Lantallen. 4. Gluuian. 3.
Tremore. 6. Withiel. 15.
Banhedrek. 9. Ryalton magna. 57.
Retergh. 9. Cotford felle. 15.
Trewynnian. 3. Berthey. 24.
Meyndy. 6. Cragantallen. 3.
Sum. 700. Acr.
Hundred de Powder.
Decuna de Tregaire. 93. Treworeck & Trew. 24.
Inde alloc. 20. Ac. pro. do. Tremodreth. 18.
Deuon. Treueruen & Poldu. 15.
Blanchelond. 11. Eglosros. 3.
Argallas. 6. Crogith & Caryheges. 9.
Trenoweth. 9. Treuanion. 6.
Kestel & Coran. 6. Lanhaddron. 4.
Trelueck. 1. Boderdel. 20.
Trelewith. 6. Brithion. 8.
Tewynton. 33. Lanestek. 6.
Tregony Pomeray. 32. Elerky. 42.
Tredaek. 20. Werneckbosueleck. 4.
Gouily. 9. Cargoul. 8.
Pennarth. 9. Tretherf. 3.
Trenyeck & Golours. 7. di. Pentewyn. 3.
Trethewy. 6. S. Goron. 6.
Boswiththe. 20. Beranel. 36.
Trenance priour. 12. Trenananstle. 8.
Killiuregh. 2. Tregarreck. 14.
Landegy. 9. Maresk 36. pro reg. al-
Tregamedon. 6. loc. 2.
Alet. 12. Bodrugan. 9.
Berthey Brune. 3. Treualgarthyn. 3.
Growith & Trewithgy. 30. Lauada. 1.
Treworeck. 9. Pridiaux. 12.
Tybest & Penkeuel. 42. Tywascreth. 36.
Treueruyn. 3. Pensentimow. 6.
Nantyan. 36. Kenewyn. 1.
Sum. 573. Acr. & dimid.
Hundred de Trigg.
Egloshayl. 7. di. Lannousun. 18.
Penpout. 21. Bendeuy. 36.
[48]
Namail. 3. Roscarreck Bighan. 3.
Hundr. de Trig. 9. Tregradeck. 16.
Trelindret. 1. di. Lancarff. 6.
Tinten. 12. Pentir. 1. di.
Trenesquit. 18. Trewornar. 18.
Peterow. 6. Penrosburdon. 12.
Boddannan. 27. Killigint. 18.
Deliodbol. 6. Tridiseck. 18.
Bliston. 33. Heligan. 9.
Canta. 1. di. Reskarrekam. 9.
Broneyr. 2. Linnoban. 66.
Rugog. 9. Bodymel. 12.
Delioner. 9. Trehaneck. 6.
Polroda. 15. Hellaund. 6.
Killigen. 9. Tamitethy. 12.
Portligwyn. 1. di. Lanowseynt. i8.
Sum. 473. & dimid.
Hundred de Lesnewith.
Hellesland. 57. Cydmonth. 7.
Treualga. 18. Powndstock. 9.
Treuilla. 3. Donneny. 18.
Cracampton. 12. Treseward. 7. di.
Dysard. 6. Bochym. 21.
Wolueston. 9. Boleny. 8.
Treglasta. 35. Ebsett. 21.
Mokelound. 8. S. Genys. 10.
Treuerueth. 9. Whalsborow. 8.
Wortheual. 29. Otterham. 12.
Lesnewith. 24. Tremayl. 6.
Sum. 337. & dimid.
Hundred de Stratton.
Decena de Middeland. Marwyn-church & extra.2.
68. di.
Launceles. 20. Loghe. 2.
Thurlebere. 12. Corg. 1.
Weke. 15. Fanceston. 8.
Wadfast. 17. Pennalym. 17.
Wyldsworthy. 4. Efford. 21.
Tamerton. 8. Bere. 3.
Harnacot. 9. di. Hilton. 20.
Morton. 2. Forkeston & Brendon. 4.
Kilkampton & Allerton. Witston & S. Petnel. 2.
68. Boyton & Bradbridge. 9.
Stratton. 21. dimid.
Bryard. 5.
Sum. 341. Acr. & dimid.
[49]
Hundred de East.
Penheal. 36. Landreyn. 3.
Item ibid. 1. Clemyslond. 50.
Tredawel. 13. Halton. 18.
Trelosk. 14. Newton. 16.
Tauestok. 27. Trematon. 80.
Modeton. 9. Lanrake. 100.
Cauilond. 44. Sheuiek. 100.
Launcelond. 50. Tregilla. 12.
Polisaund 6. Penquite. 11.
Trefrys. 18. Carnedon. 8.
Lawytton. 80. Rame. 20.
Haston. 7. Bennalua. 20.
Landilp & leghe. 14. Penhasgar. 26.
Killaton. 20. Thorleton. 5.
Treuaga. 13. Cranydon. 24.
Trenymel. 12. Buysworek. 10.
Penpol. 24. S. Germyn. 37.
Treuartha. 3. Hamet. 7.
Sum. 927.
Hundred de West.
Cardinan. 24. Treuellawan. 15.
Breuigon. 6. Lanrethow. 12.
Estdraynez. 6. S. Wynow. 4. dimid.
Tremethert. 24. Bocunek. 12.
Recradock. 9. Treuilias. 3.
Lutcot. 24. Trethu. 6.
Pendryn. 6. S. Wot. 3.
Killigath. 9. Perpol. 24.
Plenynt. 9. Losnewith. 6.
Manely. 12. Trethewy. 3.
Polscoth. 1. dimid. Penquite. 9.
Botylet. 9. Boccalawar. 6.
Killigoreck. 9. Tallan. 6.
Baurylen & Hamiteth. 3. Trethek. 6. dimid.
Fowyton. 30. Langonet. 6.
Treueruyn. 6. Rathwil. 1. dimid,
West Draynez. 6. Brothok. 3.
Laskerd. 18. Penfran. 9.
Crutour. 9. Colmettyn. 6.
Trelowya. 6. Kelly & Mighstow. 3.
Trenant. 6.
Sum 353.
Sum. tot. 5555. dimid. Acr.
[50]
Nomina Baron. & Militum ex Rotulis de feodis
Militum, vel de Scutagio Solutis Regi
Richardo primo : In libro rubeo
Scaccarii.
Cornubia.
WAlterus Hay 20. M. per Agn. vxorem
suam.
Nicholaus filius Galfridi 10. M.
Willi. Boterell. 12. M.
Alanus Blundus 7. M.
Geruasius filius Willi. 5. M.
Willi. frater Comitis 4. M.
Willi. filius Ric. 5. M.
Rad. de Rupe 3. M.
Willi. Oliuer. 1. M.
Henricus de Tredeleberg. 1. M.
Richardus filius Iuo. dim. M.
Iohannes de Soleigny.
Stephanus Flandrensis. 7. M.
Alanus de Dunstauill. 1. M.
Rogerus Anglicus. 1. M.
Regium de Valletorta 51. M.
Secundum quod Lucas filius Bernardi Senescallus euis
mandauit per litteras Baron. de Scaccar. in Anno
sexto Regis Richardi.
Robertus de Cardin. 71. M.
Secundum quod Senescallus eiusdem mandauit Baron.
eodem anno 6. R. 1.
Galfridus de Lacell. qui habet med. feod. q. fuerunt
Richard, de Lucy in hoc Com. 9. M. sicut Ric. filius
Willi. Senescallus eius mandauit per breue, Anno
regni Regis Richardi octauo.
Cornubia
Anno 40. Henr. tertii.
lllustri viro, Domino Henrico, Dei gratia, Regi Angliae,
Domino Hiberniae, Duct Nor. Aquitan. & Com.
Andeg. vicecomes Cornubiae, salutem, cum omni reve-
rentia & obsequio. Ad mandatum vestrum, nomina
illorum qui ten. quindecem libratas terrae vel plus,
& tenent per seruitium militare, & milites non
sunt, excellentiae vestrae praesentibus transmitto, vide-
licet.
THomas de Tracy, cuius terrae in Cornubia valent
40. libras & plus.
Rogerus de Mesy. 16. li.
Stephanus de Bellocampo. 15. li.
Henr. filius Henr. de la Pombre. 30. li.
Robertus de Carmeneu. 16. li.
Willi. filius Roberti. 15. li.
Marc. le Flamanc. 16. li.
[51]
Willi. Wise. 16. li.
Iordanus de Hacumb. 14. li.
Robertas de Draenas. I5. li.
Philippus de Valletorta. 40. li.
Richard. de Grenuile. 50. li.
Henricus de Dones. 15. li.
Nomina Militum, & aliorum hominum ad
Arma, Anno Regni Regis
Edw. filii Regis
Edw 17.
IOhannes de Treiagu vicecomes.
Nomina militum de Com. Cornubiae, tam
infra libertates quam
extra.
WIlli. de Botriaux.
Reginaldus de Botriaux.
Rad. de Albo Monasterio,
Richard. de Campo Arnulphi.
Henricus de Campo Arnulphi.
Le Petit.
THomas Lercedekne est in Vascoma in sericium
Regis.
Iohannes de Alneto.
Iohannes de Tynten.
Willi. de Ferrers.
Robertus Bendyn.
Reginaldus de Mohun.
Robertus filius Willi. impotens miles coronator Domini
Regis.
Iohannes de Carmenou.
Otto de Bodrugan peregrinatus est ad San. Iacobum li-
centia Domini Regis.
Nomina hominum ad Arma In
Com. Cornubiae.
IOhannes de Dynham.
Rad. de Bloyen.
Willi. Basset.
Oliuerus de Carminou.
Henricus de Peng.
Rogerus de Reskymmer.
Iohannes de Lambron.
Iohannes le Scor. de Taluran.
[52]
Richardus de Cerefeaux iunior.
Iohannes de Pyn.
Rogerus Pridyas.
Rad. de Bello Prato, peregrinatus est cum Ottone de
Bodrugan, cum licentia regis pro se & duobus va-
lectis.
Isti praenominati habent 40. libr. terrae & redditus
per annum.
Alii multi Armigeri desunt, nomina eorum dilace-
rata, non possunt legi in originali.
EDwardus Dei gratia, Rex Angliae, Dominus Hiberniae,
& Dux Aquit.vicecomiti Cornub. salutem. Cum nuper
tibi praeceperimus, quod omnes & singulos de balliua tua in-
fra libertates & extra, tam illos qui viginti libratas terrae
& redditus per annum habent, quam illos similiter qui plus
habent, de quocunq; teneant sine delatione rogares, & speci-
aliter requireres ex parte nostra, fermiterq, iniungentes eis-
dem, quod essent ad nos Londini die dominica prox. post octa-
vas Sci. Iohannis Bapt. proximo futuras, cum equis & Ar-
mis, videlicet, quilibet eorum prout decuerit statum suum,
parati transfretare cum corpore nostro, partes transmarinas,
ad Dei nostri & ipsorum honorem, ut speramus, & pro sal-
uatione & communi utilitate regni nostri, tibi praecipimus,
firmiter iniungentes, quod mandato nostro praedicto diligenter
& celeriter executo, nos de nominibus omnium illorum de
balliua tua quos sit rogaueris ad dictam diem dominie. dis-
tincte & aperte, sub sigillo tuo certiores reddere non omittas:
Remittens nobis tunc hoc breue. Teste meipso apud Portes-
mouth, 24. die Maii, Anno regni nostri vicesimo quinto.
Nomina eorum qui habent viginti libratas
terrae, seu redditus vel amplius,
in Com. Cornubiae.
DOminus Oliuerus de Denham.
Dominus Willi. de Boteraus Senior.
Dominus Willi. de Boteraus maior.
Dominus Willi. de Campo Arnulphi.
Dominus Thomas de Kan.
Dominus Stepha. de Bello Prato.
Dominus Rogerus de Carminou.
Dominus Thomas de Pridias.
Dominus Hugo Peuerell.
Dominus Iohannes de Lambron.
Dominus Rad. Bloyhon.
Dominus Iohannes filius Willi.
Dominus Osbertus le Sor.
Dominus Robertus Gifford.
Dominus Richardus de Huwyse.
Dominus Reg. de Beuill.
Dominus Richardus de Reskymer,
Dominus Henricus de la Pomerey.
Dominus Petrus de Fysac.
Dominus Roulandus de Quoykyn.
Dominus Richardus de Greneuyle.
Dominus Walterus de Cornubia.
[53]
Dominus Reginaldus de Botreaus.
Thomas le Erchideakene.
Serlo de Lansladeron.
Walterus de Trem.
Steph. de Trewythen.
Odo de la Roche.
Willi. del Estre.
Rad. filius Oliueri de Arundell.
Willi. de Bret.
Mich. le Petit.
Iohannes de Kellerion.
Henricus de Kymyell.
Iohannes de Arundell.
Rogerus le Flemming.
Richardus le Ceariseus.
Iohannes de Tynton.
Rad. de Cheyndut.
Robertus le Brun.
Stephanus de Trewynt.
Robertus filius Willi.
Thomas de Waunford.
Rogerus Cola.
Rogerus de Meules.
Iohannes de Kylgat.
Richardus de Trenaga.
Philip. de San. Wynnoko,
Iohannes de Thurlebere.
NOW to weaue on our former web. The ancient maner of Cornish
building, was to plant their houses lowe, to lay the stones with
morter of lyme and sand, to make the walles thick, their windowes
arched and little, and their lights inwards to the court, to set
hearths in the midst of the roome, for chimneyes, which vented the
smoake at a louer in the toppe, to couer their planchings with earth,
to frame the roomes not to exceede two stories, and the roofes to
rise in length aboue proportion, and to bee packed thick with timber,
seeking therethrough onely strength and warmenesse; whereas
now-adayes, they seat their dwellings high, build their walles
thinne, lay them with earthen morter, raise them to three or foure
stoaries, mould their lights large, and outward, and their roofes
square and slight, coueting chiefly prospect and pleasure. As for
Glasse and Plaister for priuate mens houses, they are of late yeeres
introduction.
The poore Cotager contenteth himselfe with Cob for his wals, and
Thatch for his couering: as for Brick and Lath walles, they can
hardly brooke the Cornish weather: and the vse thereof being put in
triall by some, was found so vnprofitable, as it is not continued
by any.
It resteth, that after the Cornish Inhabitants reall priuate estate,
I speake of their entercourse and traffike, and so step forth to
their personal.
This entercourse is obtayned by high wayes and Bridges: for highwayes,
the Romanes did not extend theirs so farre: but those layd out of
later times, are in the Easterne part of Cornwall, vneasy, by reason
either of their mire or stones, besides many vp-hils and downe-hils.
[54] The Westerne are better trauaileable, as lesse subiect to these
discommodities: generally, the statute 18. Eliz. for their amendement,
is reasonably wel executed.
Bridges, the riuer Tamer hath Polston, Gresham, Horse, and New Bridge.
Lyner, that at Noddetor, Seton, and Loo, two bridges of the same name.
Foy riuer, Reprin, Lostwithiel, S. Nighton, or Niot. Fala riuer,
Grampord, Tregny. Loo riuer, Helston. On the North coast, vpon
Camel, Wade, Dilland & Helland. Vpon Deuon, Trywartheuy, &c. for
they are worth no curious enquiry.
For maintenance of traffike by buying and selling, there are weekely
markets kept: In the Hundred of East, at Saltash, Launceston, and
Milbrook. In west H. at Loo, and Liskerd. In Stratton H. at the
Towne of the same name. In Lesnewith H. at Bottreaux Castle, and
Camelford. In Powder H. at Foy, Lostwithiel, Grampord, Tregny,
and Truro. In Trig H. at Bodmin. In Kerier Hun. at Helston,
and Perin. And in Penwith Hundred, at Pensants, and at S. Ies.
Of these, Bodmyn and Launceston are the greatest: this as placed in
the broadest, that in the middle part of the Countie.
Fayres there are many, some of which here ensue.
March 13. at Bodmyn, Helston, S. Michaels mount.
April 24. at Loo.
25. at S. Columbs, S. Probus.
May 1. at Launceston, Perin.
Iune 11. at Minhinet,
24. at Launceston, Pelint, Probus, Colombs
Iuly, on S. Margets day, at S. Stephens.
S. Thomas transl, at Camelford.
On S. Iames day, at Golsinni, Saltash.
August 1. at S. Germaines.
On S. Laurence day, at S. Laurence.
On the Assumption of our Lady, at Lalant,
September, on S. Mathews day, at Liskerd,
on S. Bartholmews, at Lostwithiel,
on the Natiuitie of our Lady, at Kellington, S. Marie weeke,
and Marcasiow.
October, on S. Dionise day, at Treuenna in Tintagel,
Nouember, on S. Katherins day, at S. Thomas.
On S. Leonards day, at Launceston and Tregny.
December, on S. Nicholas day, at Bodmyn.
And because traffike cannot bee exercised without waights and
measures, a word or two of them.
Touching wayghts, the statute 12. H. 7. which made a generall
ordinance therein, did specially exempt those appertayning to the
cunnage, in Deuon and Cornwall, viz. that they should be priuiledged
to continue their former vsage.
In measures the Shire varieth, not only from others, but also in it
selfe: for they haue a land-measure, and a water-measure: the
water-measure, of things sold at the ships side (as salt and peason)
by the Inhabitants, is sixteene gallons the bushell; by strangers,
betweene 18. and 24. The land-measure differeth in diuers places,
from 18. to 24. gallons the bushell, being least in the East parts,
and increasing to the Westwards, where they measure Oates by
the hogshead.
The Iustices of peace haue oftentimes indeuoured to reduce this
variance to a certaintie of double Winchester: but though they raysed
the lower, they cannot abate the higher to this proportion: and yet
from the want of this reformation, there ensue many inconueniences;
for the Farmer that hath the greatest bushell at the market, maketh
a price for the lesser to follow with little, (or at least) no
rateable deduction. Besides, they sell at home to their neighbours,
the [55] rest of the weeke, by the smaller meafure, as was payd
in the market for the bigger.
There are also some Ingrossers, who buy Wheat of the husbandman,
after 18. gallons the bushell, and deliuer it to the transporting
Marchant, for the same summe, at 16.
So doth their Pearch exceed that of other Countries, which amounteth
vnto 18. foote. And it is likewise obserued by strangers, that the
Cornish miles are much longer then those about London, if at least
the wearinesse of their bodies (after so painefull a iourney) blemish
not the coniecture of their mindes. I can impute this generall
enlargement of saleable things, to no cause sooner, then the Cornish
mans want of vent and money, who therethrough, to equall others in
quality of price, is driuen to exceed them in quantitie of measure.
Touching the personall estate of the Cornish Inhabitants, to begin
with their name in generall, I learne by master Camden (who, as the
Arch-antiquarie Iustus Lipsius testifieth of him, Britanniae nebulas
claro ingenij sole illustrauit) that Ptolomey calleth them Damnonii,
Strabo Ostidamnii, and Aretemidorus, Cossini.
Touching their particular denominations; where the Saxons haue not
intruded their newer vsances, they partake in some sort with their
kinsmen the Welsh: for as the Welshmen catalogize ap Rice, ap
Griffin, ap Owen, ap Tuder, ap Lewellin, &c. vntill they end in the
highest of the stock, whom their memorie can reach vnto: So the
Westerne Cornish, by alike, but more compendious maner, intitle one
another with his owne & his fathers christen name, and conclude with
the place of his dwelling; as Iohn, the sonne of Thomas, dwelling at
Pendaruis, is called Iohn Thomas Pendaruis. Rich. his yonger brother
is named, Richard Thomas Pendaruis, &c. Through which meanes, diuers
Gent. and others haue changed their names, by remoouing their
dwellings, as Trengoue to Nance, Bonithon, to Carclew, two brethren
of the Thomasses, the one to Carnsew, the other to Rescrowe, and
many other.
Most of them begin with Tre, Pol, or Pen, which signifie a Towne,
a Top, and a head: whence grew the common by-word.
By Tre, Pol, and Pen,
You shall know the Cornishmen.
Neither doe they want some signification, as Godolfin, alias
Godolghan, a white Eagle: Chiwarton, the greene Castle on the hill:
which Gentlemen giue such Armes; Reskimer, the great Dogges race,
who beareth a Wolfe passant. Carnsew, alias, Carndew, a black rock:
his house Bokelly, which soundeth the lost Goat: and a Goate he
beareth for his coate: Carminow, a little Citie: Cosowarth, the
high Groue, &c.
And as the Cornish names hold an affinity with the Welsh, so is their
language deduced from the same source, and differeth onely in the
dialect. But the Cornish is more easie to bee pronounced, and not
so vnpleasing in sound, with throat letters, as the Welsh.
A friend of mine, one master Thomas Williams, discoursed once with
mee, that the Cornish tongue was deriued from, or at least had some
acquayntance with the Greeke: and besides diuers reasons which hee
produced to proue the same, he vouched many wordes of one sence
in both; as for example :
[56]
Greeke Cornish English
Teino Tedna Draw
Mamma Mamm Mother
Episcopos Escoppe Bishop
Klyo Klowo Heere
Didaskein Dathisky To teach
Kyon Kye Dogge
Kentron Kentron Spurre
Methyo Methow Drink
Scaphe Scapth Boat
Ronchos Ronche Snorting, &c.
This language is stored with sufficient plenty to expresse the
conceits of a good wit, both in prose and rime: yet they can no more
giue a Cornish word for Tye, then the Greekes for Ineptus, the French
for Stand, the English for Emulus, or the Irish for Knaue.
Others they have not past two or three naturell, but are fayne to
borrow of the English: mary, this want is releeuved with a flood of
most bitter curses, and spitefull nick-names.
They place the adiective after the substantive, like the Grecians
and Latines, as Father ours, March guiddn, horse white, &c.
1 2 3 4
In numbring they say, Wonnen, Deaw, Tre, Pidder,
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Pimp, Whey, Zith, Eath, Naw, Deag, Ednack, Dowthack,
13 14 15 16 17 18
Tarnack, Puzwarthack, Punthack, Wheytack, Zitack, Itack,
19 20 40 100. 1000. 10000.
Naunzack, Eygganz, Deaw Egganz, Cans, Mille, Molla.
Durdatha why, is Good morrow to you.
Trenestatha, Good night.
Fatlugan a why: How do you?
Da durdalathawhy: Wel I thanke you.
Betha why Iawanneck: Be you mery.
Benetugana: Farewell.
A sister, they call Whoore:
a whoore, whorra:
a priest, coggaz:
a partridge, grigear:
a Mare, cazock.
Relauta: by my troth.
Warrasay: by my fayth.
Molla tuenda laaz, ten thousand mischiefs in thy guts.
Mille vengeance warna thy, a thousand vengeances take thee.
Pedn ioll, deuils head:
Pedn brauze, great head:
pedn mowzack, stinking head:
and so in Infinitum.