CAPEFIGUE, JEAN-BAPTISTE RAYMOND CARBON BISULPHIDE
CAPEL, ARTHUR CAPEL CARBONDALE
CAPEL CURIG CARBONIC ACID
CAPELL, EDWARD CARBONIFEROUS SYSTEM
CAPELLA, MARTIANUS MINNEUS FELIX CARBORUNDUM
CAPE MAY CARBOY
CAPENA CARBUNCLE
CAPER, FLAVIUS CARCAGENTE
CAPERCALLY CARCAR
CAPERN, EDWARD CARCASS
CAPERNAUM CARCASSONNE
CAPERS CARDAMOM
CAPET CARDAN, GIROLAMO
CAPE TOWN CARDENAS
CAPE VERDE ISLANDS CARDIFF
CAPGRAVE, JOHN CARDIGAN, JAMES THOMAS BRUDENELL
CAP HAITIEN CARDIGAN
CAPILLARY ACTION CARDIGANSHIRE
CAPISTRANO, GIOVANNI DI CARDINAL
CAPITAL (architecture) CARDINAL VIRTUES
CAPITAL (economics) CARDING
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT CARDIOID
CAPITO WOLFGANG CARDONA
CAPITULARY CARDOON
CAPITULATION CARDS, PLAYING
CAPITULATIONS CARDUCCI, BARTOLOMMEO
CAPIZ CARDUCCI, GIOSUE
CAPMANY Y MONTPALAU, ANTONIO DE CARDWELL, EDWARD
CAPO D'ISTRIA, GIOVANNI ANTONIO CARDWELL, EDWARD CARDWELL
CAPODISTRIA CARDWELL
CAPONIER CAREW, GEORGE
CAPPADOCIA CAREW, RICHARD
CAPPEL CAREW, THOMAS
CAPPEL, LOUIS CAREY, HENRY
CAPPELLO, BIANCA CAREY, HENRY CHARLES
CAPPERONNIER, CLAUDE CAREY, WILLIAM
CAPPONI, GINO CARGILL, DONALD
CAPPONI, PIERO CARGO
CAPRAIA CARIA
CAPRERA CARIACO
CAPRI CARIBBEE ISLANDS
CAPRICCIO CARIBS
CAPRICORNUS CARICATURE
CAPRIFOLIACEAE CARIGARA
CAPRIVI DE CAPRERA, GEORG VON CARIGNANO
CAPRONNIER, JEAN BAPTISTE CARILLON
CAPSICUM CARINI
CAPSTAN CARINTHIA
CAPSULE CARINUS, MARCUS AURELIUS
CAPTAIN CARIPE
CAPTAL CARISBROOKE
CAPTION CARISSIMI, GIACOMO
CAPTIVE CARLETON, WILLIAM
CAPTURE CARLETON PLACE
CAPUA (of Campania, Italy) CARLILE, RICHARD
CAPUA (ancient city of Italy) CARLINGFORD, CHICHESTER FORTESCUE
CAPUCHIN MONKEY CARLINGFORD
CAPUCHINS CARLI-RUBBI, GIOVANNI RINALDO
CAPUS, ALFRED CARLISLE, EARLS OF
CAPYBARA CARLISLE (of England)
CAR CARLISLE (Pennsylvania, U.S.A.)
CARABINIERS CARLOFORTE
CARABOBO CARLOMAN (king of Bavaria and Italy)
CARACAL (of Rumania) CARLOMAN (Frankish princes)
CARACAL (animal) CARLOS I
CARACALLA CARLOS, DON (prince of Asturias)
CARACAS CARLOS, DON (son of King Charles IV)
CARACCI CARLOS, DON (prince of Bourbon)
CARACCIOLO, FRANCESCO CARLOW (county of Ireland)
CARACOLE CARLOW (town of Ireland)
CARACTACUS CARLSBAD
CARADOC SERIES CARLSBAD DECREES
CARALES CARLSTADT
CARAN D'ACHE CARLYLE, ALEXANDER
CARAPACE CARLYLE, JOSEPH DACRE
CARAPEGUA CARLYLE, THOMAS
CARAT CARMAGNOLA, FRANCESCO BUSSONE
CARAUSIUS, MARCUS AURELIUS CARMAGNOLA
CARAVACA CARMAGNOLE
CARAVAGGIO, MICHELANGELO DA CARMARTHEN
CARAVAGGIO, POLIDORO CALDARA DA CARMARTHENSHIRE
CARAVAN CARMATHIANS
CARAVANSERAI CARMAUX
CARAVEL CARMEL
CARAVELLAS CARMELITES
CARAWAY CARMICHAEL, GERSHOM
CARBALLO CARMINE
CARBAZOL CARMONA
CARBIDE CARNAC
CARBINE CARNARVON, EARLDOM OF
CARBO CARNARVON
CARBOHYDRATE CARNARVONSHIRE
CARBOLIC ACID CARNATIC
CARBON CARNATION
CARBONADO CARNEA
CARBONARI CARNEADES
CARBONATES
CAPEFIGUE, JEAN-BAPTISTE HONORE RAYMOND (1801-1872), French historian
and biographer, was born at Marseilles in 1801. At the age of twenty he
went to Paris to study law; but he soon deserted law for journalism. He
became editor of the _Quotidienne_, and was afterwards connected, either
as editor or leading contributor, with the _Temps_, the _Messager des
Chambres_, the _Revolution de 1848_ and other papers. During the
ascendancy of the Bourbons he held a post in the foreign office, to
which is due the royalism of some of his newspaper articles. Indeed all
Capefigue's works receive their colour from his legitimist politics; he
preaches divine right and non-resistance, and finds polite words even
for the profligacy of Louis XV. and the worthlessness of his mistresses.
He wrote biographies of Catherine and Marie de' Medici, Anne and Maria
Theresa of Austria, Catherine II. of Russia, Elizabeth of England, Diana
of Poitiers and Agnes Sorel--for he delighted in passing from "queens of
the right hand" to "queens of the left." His historical works, besides
histories of the Jews from the fall of the Maccabees to the author's
time, of the first four centuries of the Christian church, and of
European diplomatists, extend over the whole range of French history. He
died at Paris in December 1872.
The general catalogue of printed books for the Bibliotheque Nationale
contains no fewer than seventy-seven works (145 volumes) published by
Capefigue during forty years. Of these only the _Histoire de
Philippe-Auguste_ (4 vols., 1829) and the _Histoire de la reforme, de
la ligue et du regne de Henri IV_ (8 vols., 1834-1835) perhaps deserve
still to be remembered. For Capefigue's style bears evident marks of
haste, and although he had access to an exceptionally large number of
sources of information, including the state papers, neither his
accuracy nor his judgment was to be trusted.
CAPEL (OF HADHAM), ARTHUR CAPEL, BARON (fl. 1640-1649), English
royalist, son of Sir Henry Capel of Rayne Hall, Essex, and of
Theodosia, daughter of Sir Edward Montagu of Broughton,
Northamptonshire, was elected a member of the Short and Long Parliaments
in 1640 for Hertfordshire. He at first supported the opposition to
Charles's arbitrary government, but soon allied himself with the king's
cause, on which side his sympathies were engaged, and was raised to the
peerage by the title of Baron Capel of Hadham on the 6th of August 1641.
On the outbreak of the war he was appointed lieutenant-general of
Shropshire, Cheshire and North Wales, where he rendered useful military
services, and later was made one of the prince of Wales's councillors,
and a commissioner at the negotiations at Uxbridge in 1645. He attended
the queen in her flight to France in 1646, but disapproved of the
prince's journey thither, and retired to Jersey, subsequently aiding in
the king's escape to the Isle of Wight. He was one of the chief leaders
in the second Civil War, but met with no success, and on the 27th of
August, together with Lord Norwich, he surrendered to Fairfax at
Colchester on promise of quarter for life.[1] This assurance, however,
was afterwards interpreted as not binding the civil authorities, and his
fate for some time hung in the balance. He succeeded in escaping from
the Tower, but was again captured, was condemned to death by the new
"high court of justice" on the 8th of March 1649, and was beheaded
together with the duke of Hamilton and Lord Holland the next day. He
married Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Sir Charles Morrison of
Cassiobury, Hertfordshire, through whom that estate passed into his
family, and by whom besides four daughters he had five sons, the eldest
Arthur being created earl of Essex at the Restoration. Lord Capel, who
was much beloved, and who was a man of deep religious feeling and
exemplary life, wrote _Daily Observations or Meditations: Divine,
Morall_, published with some of his letters in 1654, and reprinted, with
a short life of the author, under the title _Excellent Contemplations_,
in 1683.