many narrow black bars; under base tail white; wings, tail
black; side tail tipped white; f., sim. Insects, larvae.
Shrill note.
[Page 127]
5
34
=262* Black-faced Cuckoo-Shrike=, Leatherhead (e), Cherry-Hawk
(e), Lapwing (e), Summer (Blue) Bird, Blue (Gray) Jay
(e), Blue (Mountain) Pigeon (e), Australian Shrike (N.Z.),
_Coracina robusta (Graucalus melanops)_, Cel., Mol., N.G., A.,
N.Z. (acc.).
Part.-Mig. v.c. _plains_, _timber_ 13
Delicate gray; forehead, face, throat black; wing-quills black
edged gray; tail gray base, black centre, tip white; lifts
wings after settling; f., sim. Caterpillars, insects, fruit.
Purring note.
=263 Little Cuckoo-Shrike=, Varied Graucalus, Lesser Blue-Jay
(e), _C. mentalis_, E.A.
Stat. r. _forest_ 10.5
Upper dark slate-gray; wing-quills black; tail black tipped
white; about eye black; throat, breast gray (adult), under
wing, under base tail white; young many changes of color;
head, neck black; f., sim. Caterpillars, insects, berries.
Soft rolling note.
1
35
=264 Jardine Caterpillar-eater= (-Campophaga), _Edolisoma
tenuirostre_, N. Ter., E.A.
Stat. r. _treetops_ 10.6
Face black: upper, under, centre-tail deep blue-gray;
wing-quills, outer-tail black; f., smaller; upper, wings, tail
feathers brown, edged lighter; under creamy-buff with many
blackish bars; line over eye buff. Insect larvae. "Kree-kree."
2
25
=265* White-shouldered Caterpillar-eater= (-Campophaga),
Peewee-Lark (e), _Lalage tricolor_, N.G., A., T.
Mig. c. _thick timber_ 6.5
Crown, hind-neck, upper-back black; shoulders, line on wing
white; rest wing black; lower-back gray; tail black outer
tipped white; under white; somewhat like 248 but throat white;
f.,* upper brown; wing marked light lines; under whitish.
Insects. Fine musician, canary-like song.
F. 121. _Pycnonotidae_, Bulbuls, 257 sp.--7(6)A., 148(145)O.,
6(4)P., 99(99)E.
====
Order XXI. (continued)
The family _Timeliidae_ is an ill-defined one, the members of which
are mostly ground birds, or, at least, spend a good deal of time on
the ground.
The Spotted and Chestnut-backed Ground-Birds are rare and are very
quiet and shy as they run back under the shade of a bush. Thus,
they are seldom seen, though they are very beautiful in their
richly-spotted plumage. Driving along mallee roads, one sometimes sees
these birds make a short, quick run to cover. A good name is required
for them. Ground-Bird is not very definite.
The rich brown Pilot Bird rarely flies, but keeps low down in the
dense tangles and undergrowths in country like that about Ferntree
Gully. It must be patiently waited for, as it is very shy.
It, apparently, values its services highly, for it often calls
"A-guinea-a-week."
The larger Scrub-Robin which lives only in the interior flies little,
but, as shown in the figure, it has long legs, suitable for running.
Its color is not the dark-brown suitable for dark scrubs, but is the
light-brown which matches the dead mallee twigs lying so thickly on
the ground under the scrub. We met the Scrub-Robin on Eyre Peninsula,
but it was difficult to get a second look at it. Almost as rare are
the closely-similar Chestnut-rumped and Red-rumped Ground-Wrens. Few
will see these birds, as they live only in the drier parts.
That interesting bird--the Coachwhip Bird--is far more often heard
than seen. Along the densely-scrubbed creeks of Eastern Australia,
the interesting whip-crack of this bird is very often heard. An exact
representative lives in West Australian scrubs. I was surprised
to hear, in several places lately, the Rufous-breasted Whistler
(Thickhead) called the Coachwhip Bird. It has been found that both
birds take part in the peculiar call which has a loud crack very like
that of a whip. This bird dwells in the dense eastern scrubs, and uses
its short wings but little for flight. It was seen, however, recently
at Sandringham, a few miles from Melbourne.
The Australian Babblers are of interest from all points of view. Their
habits are peculiar; their calls are varied and usually pleasant, and
their large domed stick nests are common objects along a country road.
Usually seen in companies of from four to a dozen, these birds work
energetically and systematically. They are entirely insectivorous, and
so are of great value economically. They are tame, as I have watched a
flock at work in the gardens in the middle of a town such as Dunolly.
They occasionally visit orchards and attack the codlin moth pupae.
They are said never to squabble, and so are called "Happy Family"
or "Happy Jacks." Their names, however, are many. The commonest is,
perhaps, "Catbird." There is a "Catbird," a Bower-Bird, in Queensland,
so the use of that name should be discouraged. Babblers sometimes
make six or seven nests, laying only in one. The others are said to
be shelter nests, or possibly play nests.
That pleasing songster--the White-browed Field-Wren--is uniformly
streaked with black both above and below. It is fairly common, but is
not often seen unless looked for. Dogs will follow the scent of this
bird, as they do that of a quail; so it is sometimes called the
Stink-Bird by sportsmen.
Now we come to two of the four native Skylarks. Who has not, while
lying on his back on the grass enjoying a rest in the warm sunshine,
felt pleasure at the beautiful song of the Rufous Song-Lark as
it soars singing away so high overhead? The British Skylark often
receives the credit for the harmony of our four Skylarks. Two belong
to this family, and two come later with the Larks and Pipits. One
is larger and darker on the breast, hence the name Black-breasted
Song-Lark. I saw many of these birds, when examining the glacial
deposits at Hallet's Cove, near Adelaide. As there was a continuous
chorus of these fine songsters above the crops, the reason for the
name Harvest Birds was apparent.
The Thrush family (_Turdidae_) includes the British Song-Thrush,
Blackbird, Nightingale, and many other famous songsters, The
Australian Mountain-Thrush is larger and more prettily marked, but is
not such a good songster as its European cousin--the Song-Thrush. It,
however, has one of its calls closely similar to one of the calls of
its more famous relative. It is a quiet, shy bird, though I walked
within five feet of one this morning as it was busy digging up worms
on the lawn in the Melbourne Botanic Gardens. I left it at work
pleased that my presence had caused no feeling of fear in so beautiful
and so shy a bird. Its beautiful moss-covered nest is built even
so early as July. It flies little, preferring to keep near the dark
scrubs, especially the tea-tree scrub along the coast.
The Song-Thrush and Blackbird have been successfully introduced,
and they are common in suburban gardens. Their delightful song makes
richer the lives of busy city dwellers, though their attentions to
soft fruits are not always appreciated. For sweetness and fulness
of notes, however, these introduced birds cannot compare with our
Harmonious Shrike-Thrush (315), deservedly named _harmonica_ by
Latham, a British ornithologist. The call of the latter bird, however,
is not so continuous as that of the introduced birds.
The four Australian birds known as Chats take the next sub-family
to themselves. The common Chat is known as a "Tang," "Nun," and
"Tin-tac." While the White-fronted Chat is very common in the South,
the beautiful Crimson-breasted Chat, with its crimson cap and pure
white throat, and the Orange-fronted Chat, are found mostly in the dry
interior, where they are known as Salt-bush Canaries. A good common
name is urgently required for this Australian sub-family of birds.
North calls them Nuns; but that name is preoccupied, and is suitable
only for one of them. I was much interested last week (January, 1911)
to see a male White-fronted Chat feeding a fully-fledged young Bronze
Cuckoo. Two female Sparrows were also in attendance, one of which
fed the Cuckoo three times while I was observing it. A female Bronze
Cuckoo sat for some time by the young one, but did not interfere, or
offer to feed it. The Chat returned the fifth time for the purpose of
feeding the young Cuckoo, when the passing of a motor-car broke up the
party. The young Cuckoo flew across the road and some distance on to
a bush, where it resumed its constant wheezing whine. It is unusual to
find birds so far apart as a Finch, like the Sparrow and a member of
the Thrush family, like the Chat, feeding the one young Cuckoo.
(continued below)
====
[Page 128]
[Illustration: [266] [267] [268] [269] [270] [271] [272]]
F. 122. TIMELIIDAE (27), BABBLERS, BABBLING-THRUSHES, 590
sp.--65(65)A., 447(443)O., 7(3)P., 75(75)E. (an ill-defined
family).
6
6
=266* Spotted Ground-Bird= (-Thrush, -Dove), Babbling-Thrush,
_Cinclosoma punctatum_, S.Q., N.S.W., V., S.A., T.
Stat. r. _scrubby_ 10.7
Crown, back rufous-brown; back striped black; shoulders
steel-black spotted white; throat, narrow chest band
steel-black; eyebrow, patches on throat white; breast gray;
tail tipped white; f., upper lighter; throat white, rufous
patch at side. Insects. Rise with a whirr-r-r. Low piping
whistle.
[Page 129]
=267 Chestnut-backed Ground-Bird= (-Thrush), _C.
castano-notum_, W.N.S.W., W.V., S.A., W.A., N.W.A.
Stat. r. _plains_ 9
Upper chestnut-brown; eyebrow, side-throat white; throat,
chest black; shoulder black spotted white; tail tipped white;
f., duller; throat, chest gray. Insects.
1
1
=268 Pilot Bird=, _Pycnoptilus floccosus_, E.N.S.W., E.V.
Stat. v.r. _dense scrubby gullies_ 6.7
Rich dark-brown; throat rufous mottled dusky; f., sim.
Insects. "Guinea-a-week."
3
5
=269 Scrub-Robin=, _Drymodes brunneipygius_, N.S.W., V., S.A.
(interior).
Stat. v.r. _mallee_, _scrub_ 8
Upper brown; wings brown barred white; tail brown, slightly
tipped white; under grayish-brown; long legs; shy, runs; f.,
smaller. Insects. Monotonous whistle.
2
2
=270 Chestnut-rumped Ground-Wren=, Red-rumped Scrub-Warbler,
_Hylacola pyrrhopygia_, N.S.W., V., S.A.
Stat. v.r. _dry scrubs_ 5.3
Upper brown; base tail chestnut-red, tip white; eyebrow white;
under streaked black, white; f., sim. Agreeable song.
=271 Shy Ground-Wren= (Red-rumped, Cautious, Rufous-rumped),
Shy Scrub-Warbler, _H. cauta_, V., S.A., W.A.
Stat. v.r. _dry scrubs_ 5.7
Like 270, but small white patch near outer edge of wing;
shier; f., sim. Insects.
3
3
=272* Coachwhip Bird= (Whip, Stockwhip), _Psophodes
crepitans_, E.S.Q., E.N.S.W., E.V.
Stat. c. _dense scrubs_ 10
Dark olive-green; black crest, breast; white side of throat,
centre of abdomen, tip-tail; f., smaller, duller. Insects.
Loud full note ends in a whip crack.
[Page 130]
[Illustration: [273] [274] [275] [276] [277] [278] [279]]
4
34
=273* Gray-crowned Babbler=, Chatterer (e), Cackler, Barker,
Pine (Cat (e), Dog) Bird, Codlin-Moth-eater, Hopper, Jumper
(e), Yahoo, Happy Family, Happy Jack, Twelve Apostles (e),
Apostle-Bird (e), _Pomatorhinus frivolus (temporalis)_, E.A.,
S.A.
Stat. flocks, c. _open timber_ 11
Dark brown; crown light-gray; brow white; throat, breast
white; tail tipped white; bill long black, curved; runs; f.,
sim. Insects. Many peculiar notes, noisy.
[Page 131]
=274 White-browed Babbler=, Go-aways, Stick-Birds, _P.
superciliosus_, A. inland (exc. N. Ter., N.Q.).
Stat. flocks, c. _open timber_ 8
Like 273, but smaller; crown dark-brown; f., sim. Insects.
"Most noisy bird I ever observed." (G.) Many notes.
=275 Chestnut-crowned Babbler=, _P. ruficeps_, N.S.W., V.,
S.A. (interior). Insects. Noisy.
Stat. c. _timber_ 8.5
Like 273, 274, but crown, hind-neck chestnut; f., sim.
7
7
=276* White-browed Field-Wren=, White-lored Reed-Lark, Rush
Warbler (e), Stink-Bird, _Calamanthus albiloris_, N.S.W., V.,
S.A.
Stat. c. _grass_, _heath_ 5
Greenish-brown streaked black; face, brow white; throat
whitish streaked black; erect tail; shy; f., sim. Insects.
Pretty song on bush-top.
=277 Field-Wren=, Field Reed-Lark, _C. campestris_, V., S.A.,
N.W.A.
Stat. v.r. _open plains_ 4.6
Upper ashy-brown streaked dark-brown; upper base tail
rufous-brown; side tail tipped white, banded black; forehead
rufous streaked dark-brown; eyebrow white; under whitish
streaked dark-brown; f., sim. Insects.
2
2
=278* Brown Song-Lark= (Black-breasted), Australian Skylark,
Harvest-Bird, Singing-Lark, Corn-Crake (e), _Cincloramphus
cruralis_, A. exc. C.A.
Mig. c. _crops_ 9
Dark-brown, upper feathers edged lighter; abdomen blackish;
f., much smaller; paler; eyebrow, under whitish. Insects.
"Fine songster, ranks with the Skylark;" sings flying like
Skylark.
=279* Rufous Song-Lark= (Rufous-tinted), Rufous-rumped
Singing-Lark, Skylark, _C. rufescens_, A.
Mig. c. _grass_, _crops_ 7.5
Upper brown, feathers edged lighter; upper base tail rufous;
brow, throat whitish; under brownish-gray; side face darker;
f., smaller; face not dark. Insects. "Amongst the richest and
sweetest of Australian bird songs." Sings flying like Skylark.
[Page 132]
[Illustration: [279^A] [280] [280^A] [281] [282] [283]]
F. 123. _Troglodytidae_, Wrens, 255 sp.--2(1)A., 18(17)O.,
10(10)P., 43(32)Nc., 194(183)Nl.
F. 124. _Cinclidae_, Dippers, Water-Ouzels, 19 sp.--5(2)O.,
11(8)P., 1(0)Nc., 6(5)Nl.
F. 125. _Mimidae_, Mocking-Birds, Thrashers, 71
sp.--17(10)Nc., 61(54)Nl.
F. 126. TURDIDAE (8), THRUSHES (Blackbird (Br.),
Nightingale, Robin (Br.), Wheatear, Bluebird (Am.), Redstart,
Hedge-Sparrow), 588 sp.--48(44)A., 167(117)O., 124(53)P.,
192(163)E., 29(14)Nc., 132(118)Nl.
1
114
=279^A Blackbird=, _Turdus merula_, Eur., N. Afr.,
Egypt, Syria, Persia, Azores, A. (introduced).
Stat. c. _timber_ 10
Black; bill yellow; f., dark-brown; breast reddish-brown
marked darker. Insects, snails, fruit. Songster.
[Page 133]
4
13
=280* Australian Mountain Thrush= (Ground), King Thrush,
_Turdus (Oreocichla) lunulata_, N.S.W., V., S.A.
Stat. c. _coastal scrubs_, _mt. gullies_ 10.5
Upper brown marked with black half-moons; under white stained
buff on breast, flanks, marked with black half-moons; f., sim.
Snails, insects, worms.
1
24
=280^A Song Thrush=, _T. musicus_, Eur., W. Asia,
India, A. (introduced).
Stat. c. _gardens_ 9
Upper brown; breast yellowish spotted brown; throat, abdomen
white; f., sim. Snails, insects, worms. Famous singer.
5
5
=281* White-fronted Chat=, Banded Tintac, Tang, Ringlet (e),
Clipper, Nun, Dottrel (e), Jenny-Wren (e), Ballyhead, Gar,
Ringneck (e), _Epthianura albifrons_, Bass St. Is., T., A.
exc. N. Ter. Insects. Dull metallic "tang."
Mig. v.c. _grass_ 4.5
Forehead, face, under, tip tail white; back gray; band on
chest, wings, tail black; f.,* duller, faint band on chest.
=282* Crimson-breasted Chat= (Tricolored), Saltbush Canary
(e), _E. tricolor_, A. exc. N. Ter.
Mig. r. _timber_ 4.3
Crown, base tail, breast, abdomen scarlet; face, back of head,
back dark-brown; tip-tail spotted white; throat, under base
tail white; f., duller. Insects.
=283 Orange-fronted Chat=, Saltbush Canary, _E. aurifrons_, A.
exc. N. Ter.
Nom. r. _open plains_ 4.3
Head, upper base tail, under golden-orange; back brown; tip
tail spotted white; chin black; f., duller. Grasshoppers,
other insects.
====
Order XXI. (continued)
The Warbler family, _Sylviidae_, is a large one, found all through the
Eastern Hemisphere. One migratory species crosses Behring Strait each
year to summer in Alaska.
As no less than 79 Australian small birds have been grouped in this
family, it is of considerable importance to our bird lovers. At
the head of the family, we have an exact representative of the
Reed-Warbler of Europe in the delightful plain-brown songster which
charms all who frequent river sides. Its song is "louder and more
melodious than that of any of its European relations except" the
Reed-Warbler. It is a welcome spring visitor, and can be heard on any
spring or summer day in the Botanic Gardens, or in any reed bed by
stream or lake.
The next bird is the Australian representative of the Fantail-Warblers
(_Cisticola_). These birds are related to the Tailor-Bird.
Much has been written of the Tailor-Bird of India which so cleverly
sews leaves together to enclose its nest, but few know we have a bird
that does similar work when building its nest. Dr. Sharpe has decided
that our bird is identical with an Indian species, so we must take the
Indian name--Golden-headed Fantail-Warbler. This bird moults twice
a year. At the autumn moult, it obtains a long tail and a streaked
crown. The four Australian species described by Gould are now known
to be but different forms of the one species which undergoes seasonal
change.
Speckled Jack, the Speckled Warbler (Little Field-Wren), is a tame
little bird with a pleasing song. Its chocolate-colored egg used to
be much valued in the days when schoolboys collected eggs. It walks
instead of hopping.
The Yellow-tailed Tit-Warbler (_Acanthiza_) is a member of an
Australian genus, which has been split up into 27 species, all of
which, except a New Guinea form, are restricted to Australia. Some are
pleasing songsters. The two-storied nest of the Yellow-tail is well
known and is peculiar. What is the use of the upper nest--for the male
to rest in, to delude the cuckoo, or what?
These birds are not Tits (_Paridae_). They have been called Thornbills
by Mr. A. J. North. The name Tit-Warbler has been adopted by the
"names" sub-committee of the Royal Australasian Ornithologists'
Union, pending the completion of the Australian Check-List. The common
White-browed Scrub-Wren is not a Wren, but is a Warbler. He is the
best known of the genus, though even he is seldom seen. His dark-brown
color leads one to suspect a dark scrub as his dwelling place. Though
common in places, he is seldom noticed, but if you sit down in a quiet
scrubby corner, his inquisitiveness will often impel him to run almost
over your feet. Some light spots on the shoulder and the white eyebrow
will assist you in identifying him. His mouse-like run further assists
in identification.
Amongst the glories of the bird world, the Superb-Warbler stands high.
His beautiful enamel-blue and black costume, and his cheery, fussy
song justify his name. He is generally accompanied by four or five
plain-colored mates, and is said to lose his beautiful coat of blue
each autumn, but the balance of evidence now seems to be with
Mr. Keartland and Dr. Horne, who claim that he gets the permanent
beautiful coat late in life (that is, when three or four years old),
and does not lose it afterwards, except for a few days at moulting
time. But, being so conspicuous, he soon falls a prey to one of his
numerous enemies, of whom the small boy with a pea-rifle is probably
the worst. I, too frequently, hear of these enemies of their country
being caught with three or four of these lovely little birds in their
possession. However, Bird Day in the schools did much good, and the
next generation of boy will probably have less of the savage in him.
The Emu-Wren, which has tail feathers like Emu feathers, is easily
recognized if seen. It is difficult to cause it to fly out of the
rushes round a swamp. The Bristle-Birds are Australian, and are fairly
common in some dense scrubs.
Grass-Wrens are not Wrens, but are placed in the Warbler family. They
are Central Australian birds. They seldom fly, but "progress like a
rubber ball" with great swiftness. They are of the light tawny color
that so well matches desert sands. It is very difficult to get a
second look at one, as it hides in the grass and scrub, and almost
refuses to be flushed. Sometimes it nearly allows itself to be walked
upon.
Fourteen of the 17 members of the Wood-Swallow family are confined
to the Australian region. The White-rumped Wood-Swallow extends from
Australia through the islands to the Andaman Islands; another kind
is found in India, Ceylon, and Burma. Some kinds are migratory. They
appear suddenly in great companies, build a flimsy, careless nest in
any spot high or low, and soon have the young on the wing. They are
the "Blue-Birds," "Summer-Birds," or "Martins" of our youth. Some of
these birds have the remarkable habit of hanging in a cluster similar
to a great swarm of bees. Like Honey-eaters, they take honey from the
flowering eucalypts. The street trees of Bendigo were alive with these
birds in May, 1909. The Sordid Wood-Swallow is partly migratory, and
lives in small companies. Most towns in Southern Australia have a
company of these birds in the neighborhood. One such company lives in
the Domain, near the entrance to the Botanic Gardens, Melbourne.
These tame woodland birds, admirable in their graceful wheeling and
floating flight, destroy numbers of destructive insects. Occasionally,
a company has discovered that a good food supply can easily be
obtained close to a beehive. Thus rarely they do a slight amount of
harm, but the balance is overwhelmingly in their favor.
(continued below)
====
F. 127. SYLVIIDAE (79), WARBLERS (Whitethroat, Blackcap
(Br.), Chiffchaff), 525 sp.--107(102)A., 137(84)O., 108(22)P.,
267(228)E., 1(0)Nc.
[Page 135]
[Illustration: [284] [285] [286] [287] [288] [289] [291] [293] [297]]
=284= Australian Reed-Warbler
=285= Australian Fantail-Warbler
=286= Grass-Bird
=287= Speckled Warbler
=288= Little Tit-Warbler
=289= Brown Tit-Warbler
=291= Striated Tit-Warbler
=293= Yellow-tailed Tit-Warbler
=297= White-browed Scrub-Wren
[Page 137]
[Illustration: [300] [300^A] [302] [304] [306] [311] [312] [313] [315]]
=300= Superb-Warbler
=300^A= Superb-Warbler (Female)
=302= White-winged Superb-Warbler
=304= Emu Wren
=306= Bristle Bird
=311= White-browed Wood-Swallow
=312= Masked Wood-Swallow
=313= Wood-Swallow
=315= Gray Shrike-Thrush
[Page 139]
[Illustration: [319] [320] [321] [322] [322^A] [323] [323^A] [326] [327]]
=319= Australian Butcher-Bird
=320= Yellow-breasted Shrike-Tit
=321= Crested Bell-Bird
=322= Golden-breasted Whistler
=322^A= Golden-breasted Whistler (Female)
=323= Rufous-breasted Whistler
=323^A= Rufous-breasted Whistler (F.)
=326= Shrike-Robin
=327= Whiteface
[Page 142]
[Illustration: [284] [285] [286] [287] [288] [289]]
2
29
=284* Australian Reed-Warbler=, Reed-Bird, (Nightingale),
Water-Sparrow (e), _Acrocephalus australis_, Lombok, E.A.,
S.A., T. =vt. Eur. Reed-Warbler.
Mig. c. _reeds_ 6.2
Brown; head darker; under lighter; throat whitish; bill long,
pointed; f., sim. Insects. Rich melodious song.
1
51
=285* Golden-headed Fantail-Warbler=, Grass-Warbler (Exiled),
Corn (Barley) Bird, _Cisticola exilis_, Ind., Formosa to A.
(exc. C.A.), King Is.
Stat. r. _grass_, _crops_ 3.6
Golden-buff; upper streaked blackish; tail 1.2in., blackish,
edged buff; f., crown streaked black. Winter* crown streaked
black; throat whitish; tail 1.9in.; f., sim.
3
10
=286* Grass-Bird= (Little Reed), Marsh-Warbler, _Megalurus
gramineus_, N.S.W., V., S.A., T.
Stat. v.r. _tussocks_ 5.2
Upper brown streaked, lined blackish; throat, chest gray
faintly streaked black; tail reddish-brown; f., sim. Insects.
"Four or five plaintive notes."
1
1
=287* Speckled Warbler=, Little Field-Lark (-Wren), Speckled
Jack, Blood Tit (e), Jenny-Wren (e), _Chthonicola sagittata_,
E.A., S.A.
Stat. r. _grass_ 5
Under whitish boldly streaked black; head brown faintly
streaked white; back brown, feathers edged lighter; tip-tail
spotted white; f., sim. Insects. Singer.
26
27
=288* Little Tit-Warbler= (Yellow), Yellow-breasted Thornbill,
Tomtit, Little Tit, _Acanthiza nana_, S.Q., N.S.W., V., S.A.
Stat. c. _trees_ 3.5
Upper dull olive-green; under yellow; tail grayish-brown,
black band; f., sim. Insects. "Tiz, tiz, tiz."
=289* Brown Tit-Warbler= (Tit), Scrub Thornbill, Dwarf
Warbler, _A. pusilla_, E.A., S.A.
Stat. c. _scrub_ 3.7
Upper, wings brown; tail brown, banded black, slightly tipped
white; throat, chest spotted black and white; flanks, abdomen
buff; f., sim. Insects. Singer.
[Page 143]
[Illustration: [290] [291] [292] [293] [294] [295]]