Sym"pho*nist (?), n. [Cf. F. symphoniste.] A composer of symphonies.
Sym"pho*nize (?), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Symphonized (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Symphonizing (?).] To agree; to be in harmony. [R.] Boyle.
Sym"pho*ny (?), n.; pl. Symphonies (#). [F. symphonie (cf. It.
sinfonia), L. symphonia, Gr. &?;; sy`n with + &?; a sound, the voice.
See Phonetic.] 1. A consonance or harmony of sounds, agreeable to the
ear, whether the sounds are vocal or instrumental, or both.
The trumpets sound, And warlike symphony in heard around.
Dryden.
2. A stringed instrument formerly in use, somewhat resembling the
virginal.
With harp and pipe and symphony.
Chaucer.
3. (Mus.) (a) An elaborate instrumental composition for a full
orchestra, consisting usually, like the sonata, of three or four
contrasted yet inwardly related movements, as the allegro, the adagio,
the minuet and trio, or scherzo, and the finale in quick time. The term
has recently been applied to large orchestral works in freer form, with
arguments or programmes to explain their meaning, such as the
"symphonic poems" of Liszt. The term was formerly applied to any
composition for an orchestra, as overtures, etc., and still earlier, to
certain compositions partly vocal, partly instrumental. (b) An
instrumental passage at the beginning or end, or in the course of, a
vocal composition; a prelude, interlude, or postude; a ritornello.
||Sym*phy"la (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. sy`n with + &?; a clan.] (Zoöl.)
||An order of small apterous insects having an elongated body, with
||three pairs of thoracic and about nine pairs of abdominal legs. They
||are, in many respects, intermediate between myriapods and true
||insects.
Sym*phys"e*al (?), a. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to to symphysis.
Sym`phy*se*ot"o*my (?), n. [NL. symphysis pubis + Gr. &?; to cut.]
(Surg.) The operation of dividing the symphysis pubis for the purpose
of facilitating labor; -- formerly called the Sigualtian section.
[Written also symphysotomy.] Dunglison.
||Sym"phy*sis (?), n.; pl. Symphyses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to
||make to grow together; sy`n with + &?; to cause to grow; to grow.]
||(Anat.) (a) An articulation formed by intervening cartilage; as, the
||pubic symphysis. (b) The union or coalescence of bones; also, the
||place of union or coalescence; as, the symphysis of the lower jaw.
||Cf. Articulation.
Sym`phy*sot"o*my (?), n. Symphyseotomy.
Sym"phy*tism (?), n. [Gr. &?; grown together.] Coalescence; a growing
into one with another word. [R.]
Some of the phrasal adverbs have assumed the form of single words,
by that symphytism which naturally attaches these light elements to
each other.
Earle.
Sym`pi*e*som"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. &?; compression (fr. &?; to press
together; sy`n with + &?; to press, squeeze) + -meter.] A sensitive
kind of barometer, in which the pressure of the atmosphere, acting upon
a liquid, as oil, in the lower portion of the instrument, compresses an
elastic gas in the upper part.
The column of oil of a lower part BC of a glass tube compresses
hydrogen gas in the upper part AB, and is thus measured on the scale pq
by the position of a surface of the oil in the tube. The scale pq is
adjustable, and its index must be set to the division on the scale rs
corresponding to the temperature indicated by the termometer t, in
order to correct for the effects of temperature on the gas. It is
sensitive, and convenient for use at sea, but inferior in accuracy to
the mercurial barometer.
Sym*plec"tic (?), a. [Gr. &?; plaiting together, fr. &?; to plait
together.] (Anat.) Plaiting or joining together; -- said of a bone next
above the quadrate in the mandibular suspensorium of many fishes, which
unites together the other bones of the suspensorium. -- n. The
symplectic bone.
||Sym"plo*ce (?), n. [L., fr. Gr. &?; an interweaving, fr. &?; to twine
||together; &?; + &?; to twine.] (Rhet.) The repetition of a word or
||phrase at the beginning and another at the end of successive clauses;
||as, Justice came down from heaven to view the earth; Justice returned
||to heaven, and left the earth.
<! p. 1463 !>
Sym"pode (?), n. (Bot.) A sympodium.
Sym*po"di*al (?), a. (Bot.) Composed of superposed branches in such a
way as to imitate a simple axis; as, a sympodial stem.
||Sym*po"di*um (?), n.; pl. Sympodia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. sy`n with +
||&?;, dim. of &?;, &?;, foot.] (Bot.) An axis or stem produced by
||dichotomous branching in which one of the branches is regularly
||developed at the expense of the other, as in the grapevine.
Sym*po"si*ac (?), a. [L. symposiacus, Gr. &?;.] Of or pertaining to
compotations and merrymaking; happening where company is drinking
together; as, symposiac meetings.
Symposiac disputations amongst my acquaintance.
Arbuthnot.
Sym*po"si*ac, n. A conference or conversation of philosophers at a
banquet; hence, any similar gathering.
Sym*po"si*arch (?), n. [Gr. &?;, &?;; &?; a symposium + &?; to be
first, to rule.] (Gr. Antiq.) The master of a feast.
Sym*po"si*ast (?), n. One engaged with others at a banquet or
merrymaking. Sydney Smith.
||Sym*po"si*on (?), n. [NL.] A drinking together; a symposium. "Our
||symposion last night." Sir W. Scott.
Sym*po"si*um (?), n.; pl. Symposia (#). [L., fr. Gr. sympo`sion a
drinking party, feast; sy`n with + po`sis a drinking. See Syn-, and cf.
Potable.] 1. A drinking together; a merry feast. T. Warton.
2. A collection of short essays by different authors on a common topic;
-- so called from the appellation given to the philosophical dialogue
by the Greeks.
Symp"tom (?), n. [F. symptôme, Gr. &?; anything that has befallen one,
a chance, causality, symptom, fr. &?; to fall together; sy`n with + &?;
to fall; akin to Skr. pat to fly, to fall. See Syn-, and cf. Asymptote,
Feather.] 1. (Med.) Any affection which accompanies disease; a
perceptible change in the body or its functions, which indicates
disease, or the kind or phases of disease; as, the causes of disease
often lie beyond our sight, but we learn their nature by the symptoms
exhibited.
Like the sick man, we are expiring with all sorts of good symptoms.
Swift.
2. A sign or token; that which indicates the existence of something
else; as, corruption in elections is a symptom of the decay of public
virtue.
Syn. -- Mark; note; sign; token; indication.
{ Symp`tom*at"ic (?), Symp`tom*at"ic*al (?), } a. [Cf. F.
symptomatique, Gr. &?; causal.] 1. Of or pertaining to symptoms;
happening in concurrence with something; being a symptom; indicating
the existence of something else.
Symptomatic of a shallow understanding and an unamiable temper.
Macaulay.
2. According to symptoms; as, a symptomatical classification of
diseases.
-- Symp`tom*at"ic*al*ly, adv.
Symp`tom*a*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. &?;, &?;, symptom + -logy: cf. F.
symptomatologie.] (Med.) The doctrine of symptoms; that part of the
science of medicine which treats of the symptoms of diseases;
semeiology.
It includes diagnosis, or the determination of the disease from its
symptoms; and prognosis, or the determination of its probable course
and event.
Syn- (?). [Gr. sy`n with.] A prefix meaning with, along with, together,
at the same time. Syn- becomes sym- before p, b, and m, and syl- before
l.
{ Syn*ac"me (?), Syn*ac"my (?), } n. [NL. synacme. See Syn-, and Acme.]
(Bot.) Same as Synanthesis.
{ Syn*ær"e*sis, Syn*er"e*sis } (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. &?; a taking or
drawing together, fr. &?; to take together; sy`n with + &?; to take, to
grasp. See Syn-, and Heresy.] (Gram.) The union, or drawing together
into one syllable, of two vowels that are ordinarily separated in
syllabification; synecphonesis; -- the opposite of diæresis.
Syn`a*gog"ic*al (?), a. Of or pertaining to a synagogue.
Syn"a*gogue (?), n. [F., from L. synagoga, Gr. &?; a bringing together,
an assembly, a synagogue, fr. &?; to bring together; sy`n with + &?; to
lead. See Syn-, and Agent.] 1. A congregation or assembly of Jews met
for the purpose of worship, or the performance of religious rites.
2. The building or place appropriated to the religious worship of the
Jews.
3. The council of, probably, 120 members among the Jews, first
appointed after the return from the Babylonish captivity; -- called
also the Great Synagogue, and sometimes, though erroneously, the
Sanhedrin.