3. (Zoöl.) A blending of one color into another; the spreading of one
color over another, as on the feathers of birds.
Su"fi (?), n. [From the name of a dynasty of Persian kings, Saf, Safav;
said to come from name Saf-ud-dn of an ancestor of the family, confused
with s&?;f pious.] A title or surname of the king of Persia.
Su"fi, n. [Ar. & Per. s&?;f, wise, pious, devout.] One of a certain
order of religious men in Persia. [Written also sofi.]
Su"fism (?), n. A refined mysticism among certain classes of
Mohammedans, particularly in Persia, who hold to a kind of pantheism
and practice extreme asceticism in their lives. [Written also sofism.]
Sug (?), n. A kind of worm or larva. Walton.
Sug"ar (?), n. [OE. sugre, F. sucre (cf. It. zucchero, Sp. azúcar), fr.
Ar. sukkar, assukkar, fr. Skr. çarkar sugar, gravel; cf. Per. shakar.
Cf. Saccharine, Sucrose.] 1. A sweet white (or brownish yellow)
crystalline substance, of a sandy or granular consistency, obtained by
crystallizing the evaporated juice of certain plants, as the sugar
cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple, etc. It is used for seasoning
and preserving many kinds of food and drink. Ordinary sugar is
essentially sucrose. See the Note below.
The term sugar includes several commercial grades, as the white or
refined, granulated, loaf or lump, and the raw brown or muscovado. In a
more general sense, it includes several distinct chemical compounds, as
the glucoses, or grape sugars (including glucose proper, dextrose, and
levulose), and the sucroses, or true sugars (as cane sugar). All sugars
are carbohydrates. See Carbohydrate. The glucoses, or grape sugars, are
ketone alcohols of the formula C6H12O6, and they turn the plane of
polarization to the right or the left. They are produced from the
amyloses and sucroses, as by the action of heat and acids of ferments,
and are themselves decomposed by fermentation into alcohol and carbon
dioxide. The only sugar (called acrose) as yet produced artificially
belongs to this class. The sucroses, or cane sugars, are doubled
glucose anhydrides of the formula C12H22O11. They are usually not
fermentable as such (cf. Sucrose), and they act on polarized light.
2. By extension, anything resembling sugar in taste or appearance; as,
sugar of lead (lead acetate), a poisonous white crystalline substance
having a sweet taste.
3. Compliment or flattery used to disguise or render acceptable
something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing words. [Colloq.]
Acorn sugar. See Quercite. -- Cane sugar, sugar made from the sugar
cane; sucrose, or an isomeric sugar. See Sucrose. -- Diabetes, or
Diabetic, sugar (Med. Chem.), a variety of sugar (probably grape sugar
or dextrose) excreted in the urine in diabetes mellitus. -- Fruit
sugar. See under Fruit, and Fructose. -- Grape sugar, a sirupy or white
crystalline sugar (dextrose or glucose) found as a characteristic
ingredient of ripe grapes, and also produced from many other sources.
See Dextrose, and Glucose. -- Invert sugar. See under Invert. -- Malt
sugar, a variety of sugar isomeric with sucrose, found in malt. See
Maltose. - - Manna sugar, a substance found in manna, resembling, but
distinct from, the sugars. See Mannite. -- Milk sugar, a variety of
sugar characteristic of fresh milk, and isomeric with sucrose. See
Lactose. -- Muscle sugar, a sweet white crystalline substance isomeric
with, and formerly regarded to, the glucoses. It is found in the tissue
of muscle, the heart, liver, etc. Called also heart sugar. See Inosite.
-- Pine sugar. See Pinite. -- Starch sugar (Com. Chem.), a variety of
dextrose made by the action of heat and acids on starch from corn,
potatoes, etc.; -- called also potato sugar, corn sugar, and,
inaccurately, invert sugar. See Dextrose, and Glucose. -- Sugar barek,
one who refines sugar. -- Sugar beet (Bot.), a variety of beet (Beta
vulgaris) with very large white roots, extensively grown, esp. in
Europe, for the sugar obtained from them. -- Sugar berry (Bot.), the
hackberry. - - Sugar bird (Zoöl.), any one of several species of small
South American singing birds of the genera Cœreba, Dacnis, and allied
genera belonging to the family Cœrebidæ. They are allied to the honey
eaters. -- Sugar bush. See Sugar orchard. -- Sugar camp, a place in or
near a sugar orchard, where maple sugar is made. -- Sugar candian,
sugar candy. [Obs.] -- Sugar candy, sugar clarified and concreted or
crystallized; candy made from sugar. -- Sugar cane (Bot.), a tall
perennial grass (Saccharum officinarium), with thick short-jointed
stems. It has been cultivated for ages as the principal source of
sugar. -- Sugar loaf. (a) A loaf or mass of refined sugar, usually in
the form of a truncated cone. (b) A hat shaped like a sugar loaf.
Why, do not or know you, grannam, and that sugar loaf?
J. Webster.
-- Sugar maple (Bot.), the rock maple (Acer saccharinum). See Maple. --
Sugar mill, a machine for pressing out the juice of the sugar cane,
usually consisting of three or more rollers, between which the cane is
passed. -- Sugar mite. (Zoöl.) (a) A small mite (Tyroglyphus sacchari),
often found in great numbers in unrefined sugar. (b) The lepisma. --
Sugar of lead. See Sugar, 2, above. -- Sugar of milk. See under Milk.
-- Sugar orchard, a collection of maple trees selected and preserved
for purpose of obtaining sugar from them; -- called also, sometimes,
sugar bush. [U.S.] Bartlett. -- Sugar pine (Bot.), an immense
coniferous tree (Pinus Lambertiana) of California and Oregon,
furnishing a soft and easily worked timber. The resinous exudation from
the stumps, etc., has a sweetish taste, and has been used as a
substitute for sugar. -- Sugar squirrel (Zoöl.), an Australian flying
phalanger (Belideus sciureus), having a long bushy tail and a large
parachute. It resembles a flying squirrel. See Illust. under Phlanger.
-- Sugar tongs, small tongs, as of silver, used at table for taking
lumps of sugar from a sugar bowl. -- Sugar tree. (Bot.) See Sugar
maple, above.
Sug"ar (?), v. i. In making maple sugar, to complete the process of
boiling down the sirup till it is thick enough to crystallize; to
approach or reach the state of granulation; -- with the preposition
off. [Local, U.S.]
Sug"ar, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sugared (?); p. pr. & vb. n. Sugaring.] 1.
To impregnate, season, cover, or sprinkle with sugar; to mix sugar
with. "When I sugar my liquor." G. Eliot.
2. To cover with soft words; to disguise by flattery; to compliment; to
sweeten; as, to sugar reproof.
With devotion's visage And pious action we do sugar o'er The devil
himself.
Shak.
Sug"ared (?), a. Sweetened. "The sugared liquor." Spenser. Also used
figuratively; as, sugared kisses.
<! p. 1442 !>
Sug"ar-house` (?), n. A building in which sugar is made or refined; a
sugar manufactory.
Sug"ar*i*ness (?), n. The quality or state of being sugary, or sweet.
Sug"ar*ing, n. 1. The act of covering or sweetening with sugar; also,
the sugar thus used.