In the Russo-Japanese War the Russian trenches at the outset were of
old-fashioned type and very conspicuous. Later on better types were
evolved. Figs. 90 and 91 are a couple of sections from Port Arthur;
the first borrowed from the Boers but wider at the top. The Japanese
appear to have taken their type mainly from the latest British
official books, but applied them with great skill to the ground
studying especially invisibility. In their prepared positions they
used large redoubts manned by several companies.
[Illustration: From _Mil. Engineering: Field Defences_, by permission
of the Controller H. M. Stationery Office.