The keystones of the close defence of the fighting line in future will
undoubtedly be these infantry redoubts, and therefore it is of great
interest to compare with the above types two studies put forward by
Schroeter (_Die Festung in der heutigen Kriegfuhrung_), one in his first
edition in 1898 (fig. 62), and the other in the second in 1905 (fig.
63). In both these the defensive arrangements are merely trenches of
field profile with entanglements, the command and the obstacle being
less than in Sir George Clarke's work; and it will be noticed that in
the 1905 type, published after the Russo-Japanese War, the plan is much
less simple and arrangements for close flanking defence have been
introduced. But these works of Schroeter's are merely infantry
supporting points in a line which contains forts of the triangular type
with guns, and armoured batteries, as well as a very complete
arrangement of field defences and communications; while Sir G. Clarke's
redoubts are the only permanent works giving casemate protection in the
front line.
[Illustration: From Schoeter's Die Festung in der heutigen Kriegfuhrung,
by permission of E.S. Mittler u. Sohn.