487. Accession to Electorate, &c., 1727. _Obv._ Bust of King
l., laur., wearing armour and cloak. GEORGIVS II. D. G.
MAG. BRIT. FR. &c. E. HANNIBAL F. _Rev._ Horse of Brunswick
galloping l. over rocks. NEC ASPERA TERRENT (motto); in ex.,
SVCCESSIO ELECTORALIS. MDCCXXVII. E. H. Silver. Size 2·5. By E.
Hannibal.
George I. died at Osnaburg, 11 June, 1727, and his son, George II., was
proclaimed King four days afterwards, 15 June.
488. Coronation, 1727. _Obv._ Bust of King l., laur., wearing
armour and cloak. GEORGIVS II. D. G. MAG. BR. FR. ET HIB. REX.
I. C. _Rev._ King enthroned r., crowned by Britannia, holding
cornucopiae and resting on fasces. PER POPULOS VOLENTES; in
ex., CORON. XI. OCTOB. MDCCXXVII. Gold. Size 1·35. By J. Croker.
George II. was crowned 11 Oct. 1727.
489. Coronation of Queen, 1727. _Obv._ Bust of Queen l.,
draped. CAROLINA D. G. MAG. BR. FR. &c. I. C. _Rev._ Queen
facing between Religion holding book and Britannia with spear
and shield. HIC AMOR HÆC PATRIA; in ex., CORON. XI. OCTOB.
MDCCXXVII. Gold. Size 1·3. By J. Croker.
Caroline, wife of George II., dau. of John Frederic, Margrave of
Brandenburg-Ansbach, born 1683, mar. 1705, died 1737.
490. The Royal Family of England, 1732. _Obv._ Busts, face to
face, of King in armour and cloak, and Queen draped. GEORGIVS
II. REX ET CAROLINA REGINA; below, MDCCXXXII; on arm of King,
I. C. _Rev._ Seven busts in profile of the Royal children, the
Prince of Wales in centre l., on his arm T. FELICITAS IMPERII;
in ex., names of the two Princes and five Princesses. Gold.
Size 2·7. By J. Croker and J. Sigmund Tanner.[30]
[30] Johann Sigmund Tanner, who executed the reverse of this medal, was
a native of Saxe-Gotha. He came to England about 1730, and was shortly
afterwards appointed one of the engravers to the Mint. Upon the death
of Croker in 1741, Tanner was promoted to the office of Chief Engraver,
which he filled till his death in 1773.
The Royal children were Frederic Prince of Wales, William Duke of
Cumberland, and the Princesses, Anne, Amelia, Caroline, Mary, and
Louisa.
491. Frederic Prince of Wales. _Obv._ Bust of Prince l., in
armour. FREDERIC. WALLIÆ PRINCEPS. J. A. DASSIER. _Rev._
Coronet, plumes, and motto of Prince of Wales, supported by two
infant angels in clouds. Copper. Size 2·1. By J. A. Dassier.[31]
[31] James Anthony Dassier, medallist, born at Geneva 1715, was
educated under Germain, the goldsmith, at Paris. He worked first at
Rome for Clement XII., and, coming to London, was appointed Assistant
Engraver to the Mint and Chief Engraver in 1740. In 1731 he executed a
continuous series of portrait medals of English Sovereigns from William
I. to George II. He died in 1759 at Copenhagen, on his way from St.
Petersburg to London.
Frederic, Prince of Wales, born 1707; mar. 1736 Augusta, dau. of
Frederic II., Duke of Saxe-Gotha; died 1751.
492. War of Spanish Succession: Second Treaty of Vienna, 1731.
_Obv._ Head of King l.,laur. GEORGIVS II. D. G. MAG. BRI. FRA.
&c. I. C. _Rev._ Neptune in sea-chariot r., contending with the
four winds. PRÆSTAT COMPONERE. (Virg. Aen. i. 139); in ex.,
FOEDVS VIENNENSE. MDCCXXXI. Gold. Size 1·8. By J. Croker.
The second Treaty of Vienna, between England, France, Spain, Holland,
and the Emperor, signed 5 Mar. 1731, terminated the disputes which
arose out of the Spanish Succession.
493. War with Spain: Taking of Porto Bello, 1739. _Obv._
Admiral Vernon towards l., in naval uniform; in background,
ship, and Fort Chagree; above which, A VIEW OF FORT CHAGRE. THE
BRITISH GLORY REVIV.D (sic) BY ADMIRAL VERNON. _Rev._ English
fleet in Porto Bello harbour. HE TOOK PORTO BELLO WITH SIX
SHIPS ONLY; in ex., NOV. 22. 1739. Brass. Size 1·45.
Immediately after the declaration of war against Spain, 19 Oct. 1739,
Commodore Anson was sent to blockade the coast of Peru, and Admiral
Vernon to attack Porto Bello, which he captured 22 Nov. 1739 with the
small force of six men-of-war.
494. Attempt on Carthagena, 1741. _Obv._ Admiral Vernon towards
l., in naval uniform; in the distance, Carthagena. ADM^L VERNON
VIEWING THE TOWN OF CARTHAGENA. _Rev._ View of harbour of
Carthagena; outside, English ships; within, boat, over which
DON BLASS.—HE DESTROYD THE FORTS OF CARTHAGENA; in ex., APRIL
1741. Pewter. Size 1·4.
Admiral Vernon attacked Carthagena 4 Mar. 1741, but only succeeded in
destroying a portion of its defences. Of this and the previous medal
there are a large number of varieties.
495—496. War of the Austrian Succession: Victory of Dettingen,
1743. _Obv._ Bust of King l., in armour and cloak. GEORGIVS
II. D. G. MAGN. BRIT. FR. &c. D. HAESLING F. _Rev._ The King
on horseback l., commanding at battle of Dettingen: distant
view of engagement. LIBERTAS FAVORE DEI ET VIRTVTE MILITIS
RESTITVTA; in ex., AD DETTINGAM. D. XXVII. IVN. MDCCXLIII. Gold
and silver. Size 2·6. By D. Haesling.
At Dettingen, George II., with an army of 40,000 English and
Hanoverians, defeated the French under the Duc de Noailles and the Duc
de Grammont. In consequence of this defeat, the French were compelled
to evacuate Germany. This medal was executed by Daniel Haesling, a
native of East Gothland and pupil of Hedlinger. He worked chiefly for
the kings of Poland and Denmark.
497. Battle of Fontenoy, 1745. _Obv._ Head of Louis XV. r.,
bound with diadem. LUD. XV. REX CHRISTIANISS. F. M. _Rev._
Louis XV. with the Dauphin in triumphal quadriga r., crowned
by Victory. DECUS IMPERII GALLICI; in ex., HOSTES AB IPSOMET
REGE FUSI AD FONTENOIUM. XI. MAII. MDCCXLV. Copper. Size 1·6.
By F. Marteau.
The defeat of the Allies at Fontenoy was mainly due to the flight of
the Dutch. The Allies were commanded by the Duke of Cumberland, and
the French by Louis XV. and Marshal Saxe. F. Marteau was one of the
engravers to Louis XV.
498. Jacobite Rebellion: Battle of Culloden, 1746. _Obv._
Bust of Duke of Cumberland r., wearing armour and lion's
skin. GULIELMUS GEOR. II. R. FIL. DUX CUMBRIÆ; on arm, R.
YEO F. _Rev._ Hercules raising Britannia l., and trampling
on Rebellion holding serpents. PERDVELLIB. EX ANG. FVGAT. AD
CULLOD. DEBELLAT. 16. APR. 1746. Gold. Size 2. By R. Yeo.
By the battle of Culloden, 16 Apr. 1746, in which the Scots, under
Prince Charles Edward and Lord G. Murray, were defeated by the Duke of
Cumberland, the cause of the Jacobites was hopelessly crushed. This
medal is by Richard Yeo, who for many years during the reign of George
II. was employed as one of the assistant engravers at the Royal Mint.
499. War of the Austrian Succession: Naval engagement off Cape
Finisterre, 1747. _Obv._ Head of Admiral Anson l., crowned
by Victory, standing on prow. GEORGE LORD ANSON. VICT. MAY
III. MDCCXLVII. T. PINGO F. _Rev._ Victory with wreath and
trophy towards l., standing on sea-monster above globe.
CIRCVMNAVIGATION; around, each within laurel-wreath, names of
SAVNDERS, BRETT, DENNIS, CAMPBELL, KEPPEL, SAVMAREZ. MDCCXL.
MDCCXLIV. Gold. Size 1·65. By T. Pingo.[32]
[32] Thomas Pingo was an assistant engraver at the Royal Mint during
the early part of the reign of George III. He also executed a large
number of medals for Frederic II. of Prussia, as well as the coronation
medal for Stanislaus Augustus, King of Poland.
This medal commemorates the defeat of the French fleet off Cape
Finisterre, 3 May, 1747, by Admiral Lord Anson.
500. Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, 1748. _Obv._ Priestess l.,
sacrificing at altar; above, in clouds, female figure holding
cornucopiae, olive-branch, and scales; on l., lion of Holland
resting on Bible and holding staff with cap of Liberty.
E SVPERIS ASTRÆA REDVX BONA SÆCVLA REDDENS; in ex., PAX
AQVISGRANI SANCITA ANNO LIB. IVBILÆO. MDCCXLVIII. _Rev._ Eight
shields crowned, attached to orange-branches and lilies—arms
of England, France, Empire, Spain, Holland, Sardinia, Italy,
and Prussia; in centre, burning heart, pierced with arrows.
REDUNIVNTVR. Silver. Size 1·7.
By the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, the war of the Austrian Succession
was brought to an end. The treaty was signed by all the belligerent
parties, in October 1748, Sardinia excepted. This medal was executed in
Holland.
501. Conquest of Canada: Louisburg taken, 1758. _Obv._ Globe,
inscribed CANADA. AMERICA, resting on prostrate fury at edge
of rock, who drops fleur-de-lis and points to boats in sea; on
either side of globe, Grenadier and Canadian; above, Fame l.,
English flag and scroll inscribed, PARITER IN BELLA. T. PINGO
F. _Rev._ Louisburg bombarded. LOVISBOVRG TAKEN. MDCCLVIII:
edge engraved with names of Boscawen, Amherst, and Pitt.
Silver. Size 1·7. By T. Pingo.
Louisburg was captured from the French, 27 July, 1758. Generals Amherst
and Wolfe commanded the land forces, and Admiral Boscawen the fleet.
502. Taking of Quebec, 1759. _Obv._ Head of Britannia l.,
bound with fillet; above, BRITANNIA; below, laurel-wreath,
uniting trident and standard. SAVNDERS. WOLFE. _Rev._ Victory
l., crowning trophy; at base, captive seated bound, and prow
of ship. QVEBEC TAKEN. MDCCLIX.; in ex., SOC. P. A. C. Silver.
Size 1·5.
On 13 Sep. 1759, the heights of Abraham above Quebec were captured by
Wolfe, who was killed in the action. The town of Quebec surrendered
five days afterwards. Admiral Saunders commanded the fleet. This medal
and the following (Nos. 503—5) were issued by the Society for the
Promotion of Arts and Commerce.
503. Canada Subdued, 1760. _Obv._ Head of King l., laur. GEORGE
II. KING. _Rev._ Weeping female figure seated r. beneath
pine-tree; on the other side, beaver. CANADA SUBDUED; in ex.,
MDCCLX. S. P. A. C. Silver. Size 1·5.
After the capture of Quebec, it was arranged that the garrison should
be conveyed to the nearest French port. In the following year the
conquest of the whole of Canada was completed. The reverse type of this
medal is suggested by the well-known "Judaea Capta" on Roman coins.
504. War of East India Company: Victory of Plassy, 1757. _Obv._
Victory, with trophy and palm, on elephant l. VICTORY AT
PLASSY CLIVE COMMANDER; in ex., MDCCLVIII. SOC. P. A. C. _Rev._
Clive in dress of Roman warrior l., holding standard in l.
hand and presenting sceptre of Nawab (Nabob) of Bengal to Meer
Jaafar (Jaffier); between them, globe, cornucopiae, and rudder.
INIVRIES ATTONED PRIVILEGE AVGMENTED TERRITORY ACQVIRED. A
SOVBAH GIVEN TO BENGAL. MDCCLVIII. Silver. Size 1·5.
This medal records the defeat of Siraj-ed-dawleh (Surajah Dowlah) at
Plassy by Clive, 23 June, 1757, and the appointment of Meer Jaafar to
be his successor as Nawab (Nabob) of Bengal, &c.
505. War in Africa: Taking of Goree, 1758. _Obv._ Head of
Britannia, l.; behind, trident. O FAIR BRITANNIA HAIL.
_Rev._ Victory with wreath and palm on prow, r. GOREE TAKEN.
MDCCLVIII. Silver. Size 1·55.
The island of Goree was captured from the French by Commodore Keppel,
28 Dec. 1758.
506. Seven Years' War: Battle of Minden, 1759. _Obv._ Mars
with scourge and shield, surrounded by French arms and flags,
dispersing enemy, who are seen flying in the distance. VIRTVTI
CEDIT NVMERVS; in ex., PRŒLIVM MINDENSE. I. AVG. MDCCLIX. I.
G. HOLTZHEY FEC. _Rev._ View of the valley of the Weser; in
foreground, olive-tree entwined with vine; at base, keys in
mural crowns and wheat-sheaves. POST TOT DISCRIMINA RERVM.
(Virg. Aen. i. 408); in ex., FERD. PR. BRVNSV. EXERC. FOED.
DVX. Silver. Size 1·9. By J. G. Holtzhey.[33]
[33] Johann Georg Holtzhey, a native of Amsterdam, where he resided
during the greater part of his life, worked chiefly for Frederic the
Great of Prussia and the other sovereigns of Germany. He was also
employed occasionally by Louis XV. and Louis XVI. of France. Although
residing at Amsterdam, he does not appear to have executed any medals
for the House of Orange.
At the battle of Minden, 31 July, 1759, the French, under Marshal
Contades and the Duke de Broglie, were defeated by the Hanoverians and
English, commanded by Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick and Lord George
Sackville. Nothing but the refusal of Lord Sackville to complete the
victory by a charge of Ferdinand's horse saved the French from utter
rout.
507. Another. _Obv._ Bust of Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick r.,
in armour and cloak. FERD. OF BRVNSWICK; on arm, KIRK. _Rev._
View of battle; Prince Ferdinand in foreground commanding.
PROTESTANTS REIOICING; in ex., THE FRENCH BEATEN AT MINDEN.
MDCCLIX. Silver. Size 1·4. By John Kirk.
John Kirk's work dates from the second half of the 18th cent. He
executed a large number of medalets.
508. Sir Robert Walpole, Earl of Orford, 1744. _Obv._ Bust l.,
wearing star and ribbon of Garter. ROBERTUS WALPOLE. A. DASSIER
F. _Rev._ Within ornamented border, COMES DE ORFORD. MDCCXLIV.
Copper. Size 2·15. By J. A. Dassier.
Sir Robert Walpole, Earl of Orford, statesman, b. 1676, Secretary for
War 1708, Treasurer of the Navy 1709, Chancellor of the Exchequer and
First Lord of the Treasury 1715—17, Paymaster of the Forces 1720, Prime
Minister 1721—1742; d. 1745.
509. Lord Carteret, 1744. _Obv._ Bust r., in civilian's dress.
IOHANNES CARTERET. A. DASSIER F. _Rev._ Within ornamented
border, BARO DE CARTERET. MDCCXLIV. Copper. Size 2·1. By J. A.
Dassier.
Lord John Carteret, aft. Earl Granville, statesman, b. 1690, Second
Sec. of State 1721, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1724—26 and again
1729—30, First Secretary of State 1742—1744; d. 1763.
510. Earl of Chesterfield, 1743. _Obv._ Bust l., wearing star
and ribbon. PHILIPPUS STANHOPE, I. A. DASSIER F. _Rev._ Within
ornamented border, COMES DE CHESTERFIELD. MDCCXLIII. Copper.
Size 2·1. By J. A. Dassier.
Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield, statesman and writer, b.
1694, Ambassador at the Hague 1728 and 1745, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
1745, Second Sec. of State 1746: assisted in the Reformation of the
Calendar 1752; d. 1773.
511. Earl of Chatham. _Obv._ Bust l., in tie-wig and civilian's
dress. GVLIELMVS PITT; on arm, T. PINGO F. _Rev._ THE MAN WHO
HAVING SAVED THE PARENT PLEADED WITH SUCCESS FOR HER CHILDREN.
Silver. Size 1·55. By T. Pingo.
William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, statesman, b. 1708, Vice-Treasurer for
Ireland 1746, Paymaster-General of the Army 1747—55, First Secretary
of State 1756 and again 1757—1761, Lord Privy Seal and Prime Minister
1766—68; d. 1778.
This medal refers to Chatham's foreign policy and desire to stop
England's contest with her colonies.
512. General Wolfe, 1759. _Obv._ Bust l., in armour and cloak.
IACOBUS WOLFE ANGLUS. GOSSET M. KIRK F. _Rev._ Urn on pedestal,
inscribed, PRO PATRIA; above, laurel-wreath; around, arms and
flags. IN VICTORIA CÆSVS; in ex., QVEBECÆ. SEPT. XIII. MDCCLIX.
Silver. Size 1·4. By C. Gosset and J. Kirk.
Major-General James Wolfe, b. 1726, served at Dettingen, Fontenoy,
Falkirk, and Culloden; commanded in Canada, and was killed in the
attack on Quebec, 13 Sept. 1759.
513. Lord Clive, 1766. _Obv._ Bust, three-quarters l., wearing
embroidered coat and ribbon and star. ROBERT CLIVE BARON OF
PLASSEY. I. U. N. F. _Rev._ Fame facing, pointing at obelisk,
inscribed with achievements of Clive. HONOUR THE REWARD OF
MERIT; in ex., ANNO 1766. C. G. Copper. Size 1·6. By C. Gosset.
Robert Lord Clive, b. 1725, in service of the East India Company,
defeated Siraj-ed-dawleh (Surajah Dowlah), Nawab (Nabob) of Bengal,
at Plassey, 23 June, 1757; Governor and Commander-in-chief in Bengal
1764—67; d. 1774.