THE MINOR VARIETIES OF PLUMS
=Abbaye d’Arton.= Domestica. 1. _Cat. Cong. Pom. France_ 445. 1906.
This variety came from a chance seedling found in the ruins of the Abbaye
d’Arton at Valreas, France; it was propagated in 1897 by M. Valdy of
Valreas. Tree very productive; fruit large, obovate; suture obscure; stem
short; pale red, darker on the sunny side; bloom thick; flesh yellow,
juicy, sweet; good; freestone; mid-season.
=Abricotee de Braunau.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 349. 1866. =2.=
Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 429. 1881. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 683.
1884. =4.= _Mathieu Nom. Pom._ 423. 1889.
_Abricotée de Braunau_ 4. Braunauer Aprikosenartige 2. Braunauer
Aprikosenartige Pflaume 4. _Braunauer Aprikosenartige Damascene_ =4.=
_Braunauer Neue Kernfrucht_ 2. _Reine-Claude Braunau_ =3, 4.=
Dr. Liegel of Braunau, Germany, originated this variety about 1810. Fruit
large, roundish; suture distinct; greenish; bloom rather heavy; dots
distinct, reddish; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet; good; stone free;
mid-season.
=Abricotee de Lange.= Domestica. =1.= _Mas Pom. Gen._ =2=:103, fig. 52.
1873.
_Langes Aprikosenpflaume_ 1.
Dr. Liegel of Braunau, Germany, grew this variety and named it after
Lange of Altenburg. Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture slight;
yellow, blushed in the sun; flesh yellow, tender, sweet, aromatic; good;
clingstone; mid-season.
=Abricotee de Trauttenberg.= Domestica. =1.= _Mas Pom. Gen._ =2=:35, fig.
18. 1873. =2.= Mathieu, _Nom. Pom._ 453. 1889.
_Abricotée de Trauttenberg_ 2. _Abricotée Rouge de Trauttenberg_ 2.
_Trauttenbergs Aprikosenpflaume_ 1. Von Trauttenberg’s Aprikosenpflaume 2.
Liegel raised the Abricotée de Trauttenberg from a stone of the Red
Apricot and named it after Baron Emmanuel of Trauttenberg, Prague. Fruit
medium in size, oval, red; flesh yellow, firm, aromatic; good; freestone;
mid-season.
=Abricot Princesse.= Domestica. Mentioned in Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:54.
1771.
=Admirable.= Domestica. Mentioned in Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 21. 1803.
=Admiral.= Domestica. =1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 257. 1832. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 293. 1845. =3.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 345. 1849.
_Corse’s Admiral_ 1, 2, 3.
Originated by Henry Corse, Montreal, Canada. Inferior in quality but
hardy, productive and showy; rarely grown. Fruit of medium size, oval,
sides unequal, light purple; dots yellow; bloom thin; stem long,
pubescent; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy; clingstone; mid-season.
=Admiral Schley.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:260. 1890. =2.=
Terry _Cat._ 1900.
Originated by H. A. Terry of Crescent, Iowa. Fruit roundish, yellow,
washed with deep bronze-red; dots small, numerous, yellow, distinct;
bloom thin; skin tough; flesh deep yellow, juicy, rich, sweet; very
good; stone large, oval, flattened, clinging. Apparently an improvement
over Hawkeye.
=Advance.= Americana. =1.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 142. 1901. =2.= Kerr _Cat._
1902-3.
Grown by Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska, and introduced by J. W.
Kerr, Denton, Maryland, in 1902. Fruit large, oval; cavity very shallow;
suture a line; apex slightly depressed; dark red; dots many, conspicuous,
yellow; good; clingstone; tree vigorous and productive; said to be
resistant to rot.
=African.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 160. 1881.
=2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:60, 86. 1892. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 192,
193 fig. 1901.
Originated with G. Onderdonk[227] of Texas and introduced by him in
1870; said to be one of the best varieties of this species. Tree small,
spreading; fruit medium to large, roundish to oblong, dull, dark red;
dots large and small, white; skin thin, tough; flesh yellow, soft, juicy,
subacid; good; stone clinging; mid-season.
=Alabama.= _Triflora_ ×?. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =175=:154. 1899. =2.=
Waugh _Plum Cult._ 201. 1901.
_Normand No. 5_ 2
Sent out by J. L. Normand, Marksville, Louisiana. Fruit of medium size,
heart-shaped, light yellow with pink cheek; bloom thin; mid-season;
fruits drop before ripe but mature after falling; good; tree spreading,
twiggy; branches smooth, glossy, zigzag.
=Albany Beauty.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 146. 1831. =2.=
Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 327. 1849. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 420. 1889.
_Belle d’Albany_ 3. _Denniston’s Albany Beauty_ 2, 3. _Denniston’s
Albany_ 1.
Produced in the garden of Isaac Denniston, Albany, New York, about 1835.
Fruit below medium in size, oval with a slight neck, greenish-yellow with
reddish spots on the sunny side; flesh yellow, juicy, rich, sweet; good;
stone free, small, pointed; mid-season; tree hardy; productive.
=Alberta.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.
A seedling raised at Indian Head Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory,
Canada. Fruit large; fairly productive; early.
=Alexander.= Species? =1.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1903. =2.= _Ibid._
424. 1905.
_Alexander’s Late_ 2.
Mentioned as a late native plum; productive; resistant to rot; clingstone.
=Alibuchari.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:163. 1843. =2.= McIntosh
_Bk. Gard._ =2=:534. 1855.
An old European prune. Size medium, oval, purple; fair in quality;
freestone; shrivels on the tree; hardy; productive.
=Alice.= Americana mollis. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.
Originated by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, from seed of Van Buren. “Tree
a fine upright grower, with large, light red fruit of best quality.”
=Allen.= Species? =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:78. 1892.
Allen’s Yellow 1.
An obsolete variety from Kansas of medium size, round, yellow and red;
skin thick; clingstone.
=Allfruit.= Simonii × Triflora. =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:5. 1898. =2.=
Waugh _Plum Cult._ 202. 1901.
Grown by Luther Burbank; named in 1898. Described by Waugh as follows:
“Fruit oblate, medium size; cavity deep, rounded; stem short; suture
rather shallow; color pale red with many large and small yellowish dots
and a thin white bloom; skin medium thick; flesh-medium firm, bright
yellow; flavor sweet and rich, fragrant; good to best; stone medium to
large, slightly flattened, semi-cling; leaf large, oval, pointed, rather
finely double crenulate and minutely glandular, rather thick, glistens as
if varnished; petiole short, glandular.”
=Allie.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.
A seedling raised at Indian Head Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory,
Canada. Tree productive; fruit of medium size; skin red; flavor good;
early.
=Aloe.= Domestica. =1.= _Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 55. 1878.
Mentioned as an old Scottish variety; is not hardy at Montreal, Canada.
=Alois Reine Claude.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 420.
1889.
Alois’ Reine-Claude. _Reine-Claude d’Alois._ _Reine-Claude Aloise._
=Aloo Bokhara.= Domestica? =1.= _Horticulturist_ =3=:144. 1848.
A variety noted by Sir Alexander Burnes, while traveling in Bokhara, as
having a sweet kernel. He states that the stone, when ripe, can be seen
through the skin.
=Alpha.= Maritima. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1899. =2.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._
=162=:254, 255. 1905.
A variety selected from wild trees by E. W. Winsor of New Jersey and sent
to J. W. Kerr, Denton, Maryland, who introduced it in 1899. Very small,
roundish, purple; no cavity nor suture; flesh greenish-yellow; poor;
freestone; early; tree small, compact, very productive.
=Alpha-Americana.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1900.
A seedling of De Soto pollinated by Weaver; grown by N. K. Fluke,
Davenport, Iowa, in 1890. Fruit large, oval with a truncate base, clear
yellow, mottled with light red, lilac blush; suture distinct; flesh
yellow, firm and meaty; fair in quality; stone of medium size, flattened,
free; mid-season.
=Amaryllis.= Insititia. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:33. 1903.
Originated by August Dupuis, Village des Aulnaies, Province of Quebec,
in 1890 from seed of Mirabelle. Fruit large, roundish; cavity medium,
abrupt; suture distinct; apex rounded; greenish-yellow; dots indistinct;
flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, rich; good; clingstone.
=Amber.= Domestica? =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 577, 578. 1629. =2.=
Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 68. 1699.
Described by Parkinson in 1629 as a small, round, yellow freestone plum
of mediocre quality; classified by him as “_Prunum Ambarinum_.”
=Amber Primordian.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 575. 1629. =2.=
Rea _Flora_ 206. 1676.
Mentioned by Parkinson in 1629 as an early, small, round, yellow, watery,
worthless plum.
=Ambre Tardif.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 421. 1889.
_Ambrée Tardive._
=Amelie Blanche.= Domestica. =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:54. 1771.
Tree productive; fruit of medium size, roundish, yellow; obsolete.
=Amelie Noire.= Domestica. =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:54. 1771.
Of ancient and unknown origin. Tree productive; fruit of medium size,
roundish, purplish-black; flesh dry; flavor fair; early.
=Amelioree.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Bul._ =10=:20. 1901.
D’Agen Ameliorée 1.
Ameliorée originated in eastern France and differs from Agen only in
being more vigorous; foliage and fruit larger and the season earlier.
=American Golden.= Hortulana. =1.= _Mo. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 182. 1895. =2.=
_Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =11=:283. 1898.
James B. Wild of Sarcoxie, Missouri, introduced this variety as a
seedling found in his neighborhood. Tree vigorous; fruit of medium
size, round; suture a line; cavity very shallow; stem medium; bright
golden-yellow; dots numerous, large, white; bloom thin; skin thick,
tough; flesh yellow, firm, sweet but sprightly; good; stone of medium
size, turgid, clinging; late.
=American Magnum Bonum.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 896.
1869.
Probably a seedling of Red Magnum Bonum from which it differs in that the
young shoots are pubescent, the stone clinging and the fruit better in
quality.
=American Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Wood Bros. _Cat._ 1898. Probably a
synonym.
=American Violet.= Domestica. =1.= _Le Bon Jard._ =1=:342. 1882. =2.=
_Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser., =3=:49. 1900. P. violette americaine 1.
Tree weak in growth, productive; fruit large, roundish-oval, light
purple; bloom thick; flesh yellow, sweet, juicy; quality good;
mid-season.
=American Wheat.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 289. 1845. =2.=
Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 346. 1849. =3.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:129. 1873.
_American Wheat_ 3. Froment American 3.
A very small, round, pale blue plum with thin bloom; flesh greenish,
melting, juicy, sweet; poor; clingstone; mid-season; tree productive;
leaves small, light colored.
=Ancient City.= Domestica. =1.= _Cultivator_ =6=:270 fig. 1858. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 941. 1869. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 684. 1884.
_Reagles’ Ancient City_ 1, 2.
Raised by C. Reagles, Schenectady, New York, supposedly from seed of
Washington. Fruit large, roundish; suture deep; sides unequal; yellow,
tinged with green, mottled with crimson specks next to the sun; bloom
thin; stem of medium length, thick; flesh yellow veined with white, firm,
coarse; good; freestone.
=Anderson.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:27. 1897. =2.= _Ia.
Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 488. 1904.
_Anderson’s Early Red_ 1.
Found growing on the Turkey River near Sioux Rapids, Iowa, by Mrs.
Vincent Anderson, about 1865. Trees productive; fruit of medium size;
good; mid-season.
=Angelina Burdett.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. Chron._ =13=:600. 1853. =2.=
Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:37. 1866-73. =3.= Gaucher _Pom. Prak. Obst._ 91. 1894.
Raised from seed by Henry Dowling of Woolston, England, about 1845. Tree
vigorous, hardy and productive; fruit of medium size, roundish; suture
deep, one side enlarged; skin thick; dark purple with brown dots and
heavy bloom; flesh greenish-yellow, rich, juicy, sprightly; stone small,
obovate, free; mid-season.
=Angouleme.= Domestica. =1.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 1901. _Reine-Claude
d’Angouleme_ 1.
Similar to Reine Claude.
=Anna.= Americana. =1.= _Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 90. 1885.
A variety grown from a wild plum root secured in Wisconsin by Mr. Charles
Gibb of Montreal, Canada.
=Anna Maria.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 896. 1869.
Originated by S. D. Pardee, New Haven, Connecticut. Fruit below medium
in size, roundish-oval; suture lacking; pale greenish-yellow splashed
with darker green; stem short; cavity small; flesh pale green, juicy,
melting, rich, sugary; good; stone nearly free; tree moderately vigorous,
spreading, productive.
=Anna Spath.= Domestica. =1.= Lange _Allgem. Garten._ =2=:421. 1879. =2.=
Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 401. 1881. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 421.
1889. =4.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._, 2d Ser. =3=:49. 1900.
_Anna Spaeth_ 3.
Originated with M. Spath at Baumschulenweg, Germany, about 1870. Tree
vigorous; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval, flattened at both ends;
skin tough, free; brownish-black; dots brownish; bloom thick; flesh
greenish-yellow, very juicy, mild; good; freestone; season late.
=Annual Bearer.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:11. 1901.
A seedling grown by Edson Gaylord, Nora Springs, Iowa. Fruit large,
oblong; suture distinct; purplish-red on a yellow ground; dots numerous,
small; bloom heavy; skin thick, tough; stone strongly flattened, oval,
pointed, sharp on both sides; flesh rich; flavor good; mid-season.
=Apple.= Americana. _Patten No._ 40.
A seedling of Hawkeye; fruit large, roundish, dark red; dots conspicuous;
suture a line; skin tender; flesh juicy, soft, fibrous, sweet; fair;
clingstone; mid-season.
=Apple.= Domestica. =1.= _Cole Am. Fr. Book_ 210. 1849. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 373. 1857.
Apple Plum 1, 2.
Originated in the garden of D. U. Pratt, Chelsea, Massachusetts. Fruit
large, flattened like an apple; sides unequal; suture distinct; stem
short; cavity broad, deep; reddish-purple; bloom heavy; dots yellow;
flesh greenish-yellow, tender, slightly coarse, sweet, sprightly; skin
astringent; semi-clinging; mid-season.
=Apricot.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Colo. Sta. Bul._
=50=:32. 1898.
Tree bushy; fruit medium in size, roundish; suture slight; skin thick;
red over yellow; bloom thin; flesh reddish-yellow, juicy, sweet; quality
fair; stone large, flattened, clinging; mid-season.
=Aprikosenartige Mirabelle.= Insititia. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst.
Sort._ 426. 1881. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 421. 1889.
_Mirabelle Abricotée_ 2.
Said to be a synonym of Mirabelle; Oberdieck claims that this variety has
firmer and sweeter flesh, and that its shoots are glabrous.
=Arab.= Domestica. =1.= _Ind. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 29. 1885. =2.= _Mich. Sta.
Rpt._ 111. 1887.
Noted in the preceding references as imported from eastern Europe.
=Arctic.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.
A variety selected from wild plants by Thomas Frankland, Stonewall,
Manitoba, and tested at the Experimental Farm, Indian Head, Northwest
Territory, Canada. Fruit large, red; late.
=Ashes Seedling.= Species? Mentioned in _N. Y. Sta. Rpt._ =9=:347. 1890.
=Ashridge Black.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 143. 1831. =2.=
McIntosh _Bk. Gard._ =2=:529. 1855.
An English variety not cultivated in this country. Medium in size,
roundish, purple, firm; quality fair; a good kitchen variety; tree hardy
and productive.
=Assiniboia.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.
A seedling raised at the Experimental Farm, Indian Head, Northwest
Territory, Canada; now discarded. Fruit of medium size; early.
=Aston.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 143. 1831.
A small, round, purple, clingstone plum of mediocre quality; obsolete.
=Aston Green Gage.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 147.
1831.
=Atkins.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:262. 1900. =2.= Waugh
_Plum Cult._ 143. 1901.
_Beatty_ 1, 2.
Originated with James Beatty at Atkins, Benton County, Iowa, and
introduced by R. Royce of the same place in 1894 under the name Beatty.
It became confused with the Beaty of Texas and Waugh renamed it, giving
it the name of the place of its origin. Fruit large, oval, slightly
compressed; cavity small; suture a line; red on a yellow ground; dots
small, numerous; bloom thin; flesh yellow; good; clingstone; mid-season.
=A-248.= Munsoniana × Triflora. =1.= Burbank _Cat._ 22. 1893. =2.= _Vt.
Sta. Bul._ =5=:67. 1898.
An early, dark crimson, heart-shaped plum of medium size, yellow flesh
and inferior quality.
=Aubert.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1887. =2.= _Ia. Hort.
Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1890. =3.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 292. Pl. V c and d. 1893.
=4.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 25. 1897. =5.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._
328. 1903.
Dame Aubert Jaune 1, 2. _Dame Aubert Jaune_ 3. _Riga_ 115 2. Yellow
Aubert ?1, 3, 5. _Yellow Aubert_ 4.
Introduced from Russia by J. L. Budd of the Iowa Experiment Station in
1882. According to the introducer this variety was found in southwest
Russia and Poland; said to have come from central Asia. Evidently related
to the Yellow Egg, differing in being earlier and of better quality.
=Auburn.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 897. 1869.
A variety said by Downing to be a native of western New York. Fruit
medium in size, oval; suture shallow; skin light reddish-purple with a
thin bloom; stem short; flesh coarse, orange-yellow, not juicy, sweet,
pleasant; good; freestone; early.
=Auchtertyre.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 143. 1831.
A small, oval, purple, early plum; quality medium; freestone; obsolete.
=August.= Nigra. =1.= Bailey _Ann. Hort._ 20. 1889. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._
=63=:27. 1897.
_August Red_ 1.
A large purplish-red variety introduced by J. W. Kerr, Maryland. Fruit
oblong; clingstone; tree upright, vigorous, unproductive; foliage
resembling that of an apricot.
=August Zwetsche.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 421. 1889.
_Liegel’s August Zwetsche._
=Aunt Ann.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 351. 1866. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 918. 1869. =3.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ 275. 1873.
_Guthrie’s Aunt Ann_ 1. Guthrie’s Aunt Ann 2. _Aunt Ann_ 2, 3. Tante Anne
3.
This variety was grown in Scotland by a Mr. Guthrie. A large, round,
greenish-yellow plum; flesh rich, juicy; freestone; tree hardy,
productive.
=Aurora.= Hortulana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1900-03.
_Moreman’s Cherry_ 1.
Originated by Theodore Williams of Nebraska and introduced in 1898 by J.
W. Kerr of Maryland under the name “Moreman’s Cherry;” in 1900, Mr. Kerr
changed the name to Aurora. Fruit large, round, cherry-red deepening to
dark red; clingstone; season late; tree vigorous, productive.
=Austrian Quetsche.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 152. 1831.
=2.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:78. 1832. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 311.
1845.
_Bremen Prune_ 2, 3. _Quetsche de Breme_ 3.
A strain of the German Prune from which it differs in being a little
later and of somewhat better flavor.
=Autumn Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Cultivator_ =10=:167. 1843. =2.= _Ann.
Pom. Belge_ =7=:43, Pl. 1859. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 380. 1866. =4.= Mas
_Le Verger_ =6=:33, fig. 1866-73. =5.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 435. 1889.
_Autumn Gage_ 3, 5. Herbst Reine Claude 5. Prune Autumn Gage 2.
_Reine-Claude d’Automne_ 2, 5. Reine-Claude d’Automne 4. Roe’s Autumn 3.
_Roe’s Autumn Gage_ 3, 5.
Raised by Wm. Roe, Newburgh, New York. Tree spreading, hardy, productive;
fruit of medium size, oval; suture shallow; stem of medium length; pale
yellow with a thin bloom; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy and sweet with a
rich and excellent flavor; stone long, compressed, pointed at both ends,
free; season late.
=Azure.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:67, fig. 34. 1873.
Reine-Claude Azurée 1.
Mas states that this variety grew in his garden from a sucker.
Tree vigorous, medium in productiveness; fruit medium in size,
roundish-oblate; suture a line; skin tender; purplish-black; stem long,
slender to medium; cavity deep; flesh green, fine, tender, soft, juicy,
sweet, aromatic; freestone; mid-season.
=Bailey.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1901-1902.
A variety sent J. W. Kerr, Denton, Maryland, by the Division of Pomology,
United States Department of Agriculture, for testing. Tree vigorous,
upright, productive; fruit above medium in size, oblong, very dark red;
good; clingstone; said to be free from rot.
=Bailey.= Domestica. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =62=:20. 1894.
Known only from a plate in the possession of the Rochester Lithographing
Company, made some time prior to 1886, representing this plum and stating
that it “has not failed to bear for twenty-five successive years.”
=Baker.= Insititia. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =177=:41, 43. 1899. =2.=
_Ibid._ =187=:77, 78. 1901.
Baker Damson 1.
Tree upright, vigorous, unproductive; fruit small, roundish-ovate;
stem slender, inserted in a slight cavity; dark blue or black; flesh
greenish-amber, juicy; good; stone small, roundish, clinging.
=Baker.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 101. 1891. =2.= _Cornell
Sta. Bul._ =131=:182. 1897. =3.= Brown Bros. Cat. 1900.
_Baker’s German Prune_ 1, 3.
A seedling of the German Prune which had its origin at Collingwood,
Canada, with a Mr. Baker. Tree hardy, an annual bearer, productive; fruit
resembles the Italian Prune in color and quality but is a trifle smaller
and two weeks later.
=Baldwin.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 333. 1888. =2.= _S. Dak.
Sta. Bul._ =93=:9, 51 fig. 1905.
A wild variety found by D. L. Royer of Iowa. Tree vigorous; fruit
large, round; apex flat; cavity deep, narrow; dark red, mottled with
dull yellow; bloom heavy; dots whitish, minute, numerous; skin thick,
astringent; flesh dark yellow, flavor pleasant, acid; good; stone
semi-free, rounded, thick, of medium size.
=Ballonartige Gelbe Zwetsche.= Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom.
Pom._ 421. 1889.
_Damas-Ballon Jaune._ _Damas-Ballon Panachée Variete._
=Ballonartige Rote Damascene.= Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom.
Pom._ 421. 1889.
_Damas-Ballon Rouge._
=Bankalari Fruh Damascene.= Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._
421. 1889.
_Bankalari’s Rote Früh Damascene_ 1.
=Banker’s Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 147. 1831. =2.=
Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 202. 1835.
Originated in New York. Fruit large; flavor good; adapted to drying.
=Bant Späte Reine Claude.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._
422. 1889.
_Bant’s Late Green Gage._
=Baraboo.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:28. 1897. =2.= _Ia. Sta.
Bul._ =46=:262. 1900.
Found wild near Baraboo, Wisconsin, about 1860 and introduced by William
Toole of the same place in 1897. Tree vigorous, spreading, symmetrical;
fruit of medium size, round, dull yellow, overlaid with red; flesh firm,
mild, sweet; quality fair; mid-season; drops badly and is a poor keeper.
=Barbary.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576. 1629. =2.= Rea
_Flora_ 207. 1676.
_Barberry_ 2.
A large, egg-shaped, early, productive, black plum.
=Barkhausen Violette Reine Claude.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom.
Pom._ 422. 1889.
=Barkley.= Americana? =1.= Letter from Kerr.
_Teeter_ 1.
From Pennsylvania; fruit medium in size, green, blushed with red; good.
=Barnsback.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =87=:11. 1901. =2.= _S.
Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:9. 1905.
_Barnsbeck_ 2.
Originated at Vermilion, South Dakota. Fruit large, roundish; suture a
line; yellowish overspread with light red; sparsely dotted; heavy bloom;
skin medium thick, astringent until fully ripe; flesh pale yellow or
reddish, juicy, sweet; good; stone nearly free; mid-season.
=Baronne Helen Trauttenberg.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422.
1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 352. 1895.
A variety said to resemble Italian Prune.
=Basaricatta.= Domestica. =1.= Gallesio _Pom. Ital._ =2=: Pl. 1839.
Collo-Torto 1.
An Italian variety described by Gallesio in his _Pomona Italiana_. Fruit
long, prune-shaped, necked; skin golden-yellow; flesh yellow, firm, sweet
and agreeable; a good shipper.
=Bastle.= Species? =1.= _Tex. Sta. Bul._ =32=:490. 1899.
Reported as very weak in growth and as having failed to produce fruit.
=Batchelor Damson.= Insititia. =1.= _N. Y. Sta. Rpt._ =12=:611. 1893.
Received for testing at the New York Experiment Station.
=Bazalicza.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:139. 1866-73. =2.=
Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 441. 1881. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422.
1889. =4.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 402. 1898. =5.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._
2d Ser., =3=:51. 1900.
Quetsche de Bazalicza 1. _Bazalicza Zwetsche_ 1. Bazalicza Zwetsche 2,
3. _Bazalicza’s Grosse Blaue Zwetsche_ 3. _Quetsche de Bazalicza_ 3.
Bazalicza’s Prune 4. Bazalicza Damson 5.
Raised by Liegel of Braunau, Germany, from seed of Red Magnum Bonum.
Tree vigorous, productive; fruit above medium size, oblong-oval; suture
shallow, halves usually unequal; skin free; dark purple; bloom thin;
flesh yellow, sweet; excellent; clingstone; early.
=Beach Plum.= Maritima.
“Beach Plum” is the common name for _Prunus maritima_.
=Beals.= Domestica.
A seedling raised by George F. Beals, of Viscalia, California, and
sent to Nelson Smith of Geneva, New York, for testing. Fruit large,
egg-shaped, lop-sided; suture shallow; skin thick; blue, often purplish;
dots yellow; flesh firm, yellow, juicy, sweet; stone large, oval, rough;
mid-season.
=Bean.= Americana, =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 128. 1890. =2.= _Wis.
Sta. Bul._ =63=:28. 1897.
Found wild by H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota. Fruit below medium in
size, oblong; apex flattened; suture depressed; pale yellow tinged with
crimson; dots faint; skin astringent unless fully ripe; flesh pale yellow
or reddish, juicy, sweet, rich; stone large, oblong, rough, pointed,
grooved on the back; mid-season.
=Beaty.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:36, 60.
1902. =2.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 489. 1897. =3.= _Tex. Sta. Bul._
=32=:478. 1899. =4.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 192. 1901.
Beauty’s Choice 1. Beaty Choice 2. Beauty 3. _Beaty’s Choice_ 4. _El
Paso_ 4. El Paso 1.
Originated under cultivation with Lee Beaty, Luling County, Texas, and
introduced by him in 1877. Tree irregular, spreading; fruit of medium
size, roundish; cavity shallow; light red; bloom thin; dots numerous;
flesh yellow; good; stone oval, turgid, clinging.
=Bechstein Spitzpflaume.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._
422. 1889.
_Blaue Zipper._ _Prunus Oxycarpa._ _Rosinen Pflaume._ _Spitz Pflaume._
_Spitzige Rote Pflaume._ _Rote Zwetsche_ incor. _Rote Zipper._
=Bedford.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.
A seedling raised at Indian Head Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory,
Canada. Fruit of medium size.
=Beer Plum.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1890.
One of the many Domesticas imported from Europe by Professor J. L. Budd.
This one is small and fit only for culinary purposes.
=Bell.= Species? =1.= _Tex. Dept. Agr. Bul._ =12=:102. 1910.
Bell’s October 1.
A variety said to be of value near Plainview, Texas.
=Belle de Hardy.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422. 1889. =2.=
_Guide Prat._ 163, 352. 1895.
Said to resemble Agen.
=Belle de Louvain.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 392. 1857.
=2.= _Ibid._ 898. 1869. =3.= Lucas _Vollst. Hand. Obst._ 471. 1894. =4.=
_Guide Prat._ 157, 352. 1895.
_Large Black Imperial?_ 4. _Plum of Louvain_ 1. _Prune de Louvain_ 2.
Schöne von Lowen 3. _Schöne von Lowen_ 4.
A seedling found in the nursery of Van Mons at Louvain, Belgium, about
1840. Tree vigorous, a biennial bearer; fruit large, long-oval; suture
distinct; deep purple with delicate bloom; flesh firm, yellowish, juicy,
rich; mid-season; valuable for culinary purposes.
=Belle de Paris.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser.
=3=:49. 1900.
=Belle de Riom.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 144. 1831. =2.=
Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:83. 1873.
This variety is thought to have originated in the vicinity of the
French village of Riom, in the early part of the Nineteenth Century.
Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium, oval; suture indistinct; skin
intense purple; dots white; flesh greenish-yellow, melting, rich, sweet,
aromatic; very good; stone oval, free; late.
=Belle de Schoeneberg.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom Pom._ 449. 1889.
=2.= _Guide Prat._ 158, 352. 1895.
_Belle de Schöneberg._ 1. _Gloire de Schöneberg._ 1, 2. _Rotgefleckte
Gold Pflaume_ 1. _Rothgefleckte Goldpflaume_ 2. Schöne von Schöneberg 1.
_Schöne von Schöneberg_ 2.
Tree neither vigorous nor productive; fruit large, roundish,
reddish-violet; flesh yellow, sweet, agreeable; good; early.
=Belsiana.= Cerasifera. =1.= _Cat. Cong. Pom. France_ 471. 1887.
A wild plum resembling Myrobalan, selected by the Arabs and introduced
into France in 1878 by G. Luizet, to whom it was sent by Ferdinand
Lombard, horticulturist at Mustopha, Algieria. Fruit of medium size,
round; suture indistinct; cavity shallow; skin papery; amber-yellow, with
a rose tint on the sunny side; flesh amber-yellow, melting, sweet; stone
slightly clinging; early.
=Belvoir.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 680, 686. 1884.
Fruit above medium in size, round; suture faint; skin thin; black with
russet markings and dots; flesh yellow, tender, rich; freestone; late.
=Bender.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1896-7. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._
143. 1901. =3.= _Wis. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 121. 1902. =4.= _S. Dak. Sta.
Bul._ =93=:10. 1905.
_Paul Wolf_ 4.
Reported to have been grown near Chaska, Minnesota, by Paul Wolf. Tree
very vigorous, productive; fruit large, oblong, conical, irregular;
suture indistinct; dark red with thick bloom; dots numerous, small; skin
thick, tough; flesh light yellow, very firm, meaty; fair to good; stone
long, pointed, early.
=Benedetto.= Domestica? Listed in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422. 1889.
_Beni-Detto._
=Benedict.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 899. 1869.
Originated in Pennsylvania. Tree vigorous; fruit small, oval; suture
distinct; pale yellow, dotted and splashed with red on the sunny side;
bloom thin; flesh pale yellow, juicy, pleasant; good; clingstone.
=Beni Botan.= Triflora. =1.= _Va. Sta. Bul._ =129=:111. 1901.
A variety imported by the Department of Agriculture.
=Benschoten.= Domestica.
Pits were left in the cellar of a Mr. Benschoten of Woodstock, Ulster
County, New York, by a German emigrant, and from them the above variety
was grown. Fruit above medium in size, oval, cream color, mottled with
crimson; flesh golden-yellow, sugary, aroma like that of an apricot;
season late.
=Benson.= Hortulana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 14. 1898. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._
40. 1899. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 177. 1901. =4.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._
422. 1905.
Moreman Prune 1. Benson Market 4.
Benson originated with Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska; was first
called Moreman Prune but was renamed and introduced by J. W. Kerr in
1898. Tree vigorous; fruit medium in size, roundish; cavity shallow;
stem slender; suture distinct; deep cherry-red, with numerous, yellowish
dots; bloom thin; flesh yellow; quality fair; stone medium in size, oval,
clinging; season late.
=Berlepsch.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:175. 1873. =2.= Mathieu
_Nom. Pom._ 422. 1889.
Berlepsch’s Grosse Grüne Reine-Claude 2. _Berlepchs Renclode Grosse
Grüne_ 1. _Grosse Reine-Claude de Berlepsch_ 2. Grosse Reine-Claude Verte
De Berlepsch 1.
A seedling raised by Liegel of Braunau, Germany. Tree vigorous, medium in
productiveness; fruit of the same flavor and quality as the Reine Claude,
of which it is probably a strain to be distinguished by earlier maturity,
slightly more depressed form and a paler-colored skin.
=Berlet Früh Damascene.= Domestica? Listed in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422.
1889.
=Bernsteinzwetsche.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422. 1889. =2.=
_Guide Prat._ 163, 351. 1895.
Ambre de Provence 2. _Ambre de Provence_ 1. _Bernsteinzwetsche_ 2.
Mentioned in the references cited without description.
=Berryhill.= Americana. =1.= Meneray _Cat._
Originated with H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; introduced by F. W. Meneray,
Council Bluffs, Iowa. Tree productive; fruit large, red over a yellow
ground; skin thin, tender; flesh firm; good; clingstone.
=Berry Plum.= Species? =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:78. 1892.
Mentioned as a variety growing on the grounds of the New York State
College of Agriculture.
=Best Black Blood.= Triflora. =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =59=:655 fig. 245. 1900.
Originated by Burbank and described by him as being productive and
vigorous; leaves resembling Simon; fruit large; flesh juicy and firm.
=Best of All.= Hortulana mineri × Triflora. =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:7.
1898. =2.= _Rural N. Y._ =65=:730. 1906. Bestovall 1.
This is a seedling of Miner pollinated by Abundance originating with T.
V. Munson, Denison, Texas. Tree vigorous, prolific; fruit of medium size,
round, dark red; flesh firm, meaty; good; late.
=Beta.= Maritima. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1899-1900.
Selected from wild plants by E. W. Winsor of New York. Fruit yellow,
small and round; very prolific; early.
=Betterave.= Domestica. =1.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:496. 1860.
Tree large and vigorous; fruit large, round, pale yellow, juicy, not
pleasant.
=Beztercser Grosse Zwetsche.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422.
1889. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 352. 1895.
Mentioned in the preceding references; said to resemble Washington.
=Biconical.= Triflora ×? =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =14=:270. 1901.
A cross between Abundance and “a Chicasaw,” originating with A. L.
Bruce, Texas. Leaves Triflora-like with peculiar double, crenulate,
glandular margins. Fruit conical, of medium size; cavity shallow; suture
faint; skin thin; bright red; bloom moderate; flesh soft, yellow,
subacid; quality fair; stone medium in size, round-oval, clinging.
=Biery.= Triflora. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 45. 1895.
Received from California by J. J. Biery, Covington, Louisiana, wrongly
labeled Long Fruit. Fruit spherical, medium in size; cavity deep; suture
indistinct; color yellow, blushed with red, patched with russet and with
minute, russet dots, skin thin, separating easily from the tender, juicy,
yellow flesh; good; stone medium in size, oval, clinging; early.
=Big Rose.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Div. Pom. Bul._ =10=:21. 1901.
A variety of English origin introduced into Oregon about 1900.
=Bilona.= Triflora ×?
Bilona, as yet unintroduced, originated with H. A. Biles, Roanoke, Texas,
and is thought by F. T. Ramsey of Austin, Texas, to be a seedling of
Chabot probably crossed with some native variety. Tree resembles Chabot;
fruit red, coloring long before ripe; quality said to be very good.
=Bingham.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Treat. Hort._ 27. 1828. =2.= Prince
_Pom. Man._ =2=:101. 1832. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 272. 1845. =4.=
_Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 87. 1854. =5.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422. 1889.
Bingham’s Pflaume 5.
Originated in Pennsylvania. Fruit large, oval, yellow, occasionally with
carmine dots on the sunny exposure; suture distinct; cavity narrow and
deep; flesh yellowish, juicy, pleasant; good; clingstone; early; at one
time highly esteemed.
=Biondeck.= Domestica. =1.= Koch _Deut. Obst._ 572. 1876. =2.= Lauche
_Deut. Pom._ 10, Pl. IV. 1882. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422. 1889.
Biondeck’s Frühzwetsche 1, 2, 3. _Biondeck’s rothe Frühzwetsche_ 2.
_Biondeck’s Rote Früh Zwetsche_ 3. _Précoce Biondeck_ 3. _Quetsche
Précoce de Biondeck_ 3.
Liegel produced this variety from a seed of Early Yellow and named it
after his friend Biondeck, of Baden, near Vienna. Tree large, productive;
fruit oval, medium, light red; flesh yellowish, sweet, highly flavored;
freestone; early; considered valuable for drying.
=Birchland.= Americana. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:49. 1900.
A variety from Minnesota reported as unsatisfactory in British Columbia.
=Bittern.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 289. 1889. =2.= _U. S.
D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 25. 1894. =3.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =131=:182. 1897.
Biltern 3.
A seedling grown by Francis Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, England. Tree
productive; fruit above medium or large, oval, purple, with a heavy
bloom; dots few, inconspicuous; skin thick, acid; flesh greenish-yellow,
firm, juicy, brisk subacid; good; stone long, of medium size, oval,
clinging; early.
=Bixby.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 436. 1888. =2.= _Ia. Sta.
Bul._ =46=:262. 1892. =3.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:29. 1897.
Found on the homestead of Rev. N. W. Bixby, Clayton County, Iowa, in
1847; introduced by C. H. True, Edgewood, Iowa, in 1880. Tree spreading,
vigorous; fruit large, roundish-oval; cavity narrow, shallow; suture a
line; apex rounded; yellow more or less covered with bright red; dots
numerous, small, yellow; skin thick, tender; flesh yellow, sweet but not
rich in flavor; good; stone large, flattened, clinging; mid-season.
=Black Arabka.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1887. =2.= _Ia.
Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1890.
_Tchernaya Arabskaya_ 1. _Mixed Arab_ 2. _Black Arab_ 2. _Black Prune_ 2.
One of the foreign varieties tested by the Iowa Agricultural College.
=Black Ball.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 144. 1831.
=Black Damask.= Domestica. =1.= Miller _Gard. Dict._ 1754. =2.= _Am.
Gard. Cal._ 587. 1806. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 374. 1857.
_Small Damas_ 1. Little Black Damask 1. Small Black Damask 2.
Black Damask has been confused by the old writers with the common Damson.
This plum is a Domestica with a sweet, pleasantly flavored flesh suitable
for dessert purposes and ripens much earlier than the Damson.
=Black Damask Hasting.= Insititia. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 68. 1699.
Mentioned by Quintinye as having a “sharp and sourish taste.”
=Black Hawk.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =4=:95. 1889. =2.= _Wis.
Sta. Bul._ =63=:29. 1897. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 37. 1899. =4.= Waugh
_Plum Cult._ 143. 1901.
A wild variety found in Black Hawk County, Iowa. Tree hardy, vigorous,
and productive; fruit large, flattened, more convex on the ventral side;
suture distinct; deep red; skin thick, tough; flesh yellow, tender, rich;
good; stone free, mid-season; listed in the fruit catalog of the American
Pomological Society in 1899.
=Black Hill.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 144. 1831.
Cultivated in the Gardens of the London Horticultural Society.
=Black Pear.= Domestica. =1.= Rea _Flora_ 208. 1676. =2.= Langley
_Pomona_ 96. 1729.
A variety of early European origin now obsolete. Fruit pear-shaped; skin
dark red or black; juicy when fully ripe.
=Black Perdrigon.= Domestica. =1.= Abercrombie _Gard. Ass’t_ 13. 1786.
=2.= Willich _Dom. Enc._ =4=:194. 1803.
Probably a strain of Blue Perdrigon.
=Black Prune.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Agr. Col. Bul._ 51. 1886. =2.= _Am.
Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1887. =3.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1890. =4.= _Ia.
Sta. Bul._ =31=:349. 1895.
Arab No. 1 (Budd unpublished). _Black Prune No._ 1 3. Black Prune No. 1
4. Black Vengerka 2. _Tchernaya vengerskaya_ 1, 2.
Black Prune was imported by J. L. Budd of the Iowa Experiment Station
from Dr. Regel, St. Petersburg, Russia, in 1881-2, under the name
“Tchernaya vengerskaya.” It was received at this Station for trial under
the name “Arab No. 1.” It is a small prune of fair quality when eaten out
of hand, but becomes sour in cooking.
=Black Prunella.= Domestica. =1.= Rea _Flora_ 207. 1676. =2.= Ray _Hist.
Plant._ 1529. 1688.
An old European plum. Fruit small, black and very sour; once valued in
England for preserves.
=Blaisdon.= Domestica. =1.= Watkins _Cat._ 1892?
Blaisdon’s Red 1.
Fruit medium in size, red; mid-season.
=Blaue Reine Claude.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 423.
1889.
_Liegel’s Blaue Reine Claude._ _Reine-Claude Bleue._ _Reine-Claude
Violette._ _Schwarze Reine-Claude._
=Blaugh.= Americana. =1.= _Ont. Fr. Exp. Sta. Rpt._ =6=:46. 1899.
A vigorous variety which originated in the Allegheny Mountains. Fruit
above medium in size, light purple; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, juicy;
good; stone clinging; late; promising.
=Bleeker Large Red.= Domestica. =1.= _Cultivator_ =1=:306. 1844.
Mrs. Bleeker’s Large Red 1.
Grown by a Mrs. Bleeker of New York from stones received from Germany.
Fruit large, bluish-red, melting and rich; mid-season. Downing gave
Bleecker’s Scarlet as a synonym of the Lombard, but he could not have had
this plum in mind.
=Bleue de Perse.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 423. 1889.
=Blood Plum.= Triflora. =1.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 54. 1892. =2.= _Ibid._
96. 1895.
Beni-Smono No. 3 ?1. Blood Plum No. 3 2.
Tree open, straggling, early blooming; fruit small; flesh deep red,
juicy, sweet; middle of July.
=Blubenthal.= Insititia? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 401. 1898.
Blubenthal Damson 1.
According to the preceding reference the largest of the Damsons. Fruit
heart-shaped, deep purple; bloom heavy; flesh green, juicy, sprightly;
mid-season.
=Blue Apricot.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:49.
1900.
Fruit above medium in size, roundish, flattened at the ends; suture well
defined; skin bluish-purple; dots few; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy,
sweet; stone small, roundish, free; early.
=Blue Egg.= Domestica. =1.= Lange _Allgem. Garten._ =2=:421. 1879. =2.=
Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 406. 1881. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422.
1889.
_Bamberger Eier Pflaume_ 3. Blaue Eierpflaume 2, 3. _Blaue Kaiser
Pflaume_ 3. _Dame-Aubert Rouge_ 3. _Eier Pflaume_ 3. _Grosse Blaue Eier
Pflaume_ 3. _Violette Kaiser Pflaume_ 3 incor.
A European variety similar to the German Prune. Tree large; fruit large,
obovate to oval; skin reddish-blue; flesh yellow, aromatically sweet;
freestone; mid-season.
=Blue Eye.= Domestica. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894.
Mentioned as of German origin by J. W. Kerr, who obtained the variety
from Charles Luedloff, Carver, Minnesota.
=Blue Matchless.= Domestica. Mentioned in Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 21.
1803.
=Bluemont.= Angustifolia watsoni. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 126. 1889.
=2.= Bailey _Ev. Nat. Fruits_ 222. 1898.
Introduced by E. Gale of Manhattan, Kansas, about 1860. Fruit of medium
size, round, flattened, dull red with heavy bloom; flesh yellow, coarse;
flavor fair; clingstone; early.
=Blue Moldavka.= Domestica. =1.= _Ont. Fr. Gr. Assoc._ =1=:17, 74. 1894.
=2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =31=:347. 1895. =3.= _Kan. Sta. Bul._ =101=:119, 120
fig. 1901. =4.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ =2=:306. 1903. =5.= _Can.
Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:38. 1903.
Moldavka 1, 3. Voronesh Blue 5.
Blue Moldavka was received from Russia by J. L. Budd of the Iowa
Experiment Station about 1882 in a lot of sprouts labeled Moldavka. Tree
hardy and productive; fruit large, oblong; suture a line; cavity of
medium size; stem short; dark purple; bloom thick; dots numerous, russet;
flesh greenish-yellow, firm, dry; flavor not high; quality fair; stone
semi-clinging; mid-season.
=Blue Plum.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =7=:404. 1852. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 900. 1869.
Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture obscure; skin dark blue
with light bloom; flesh yellowish-green, juicy, sweet and refreshing;
clingstone; early.
=Blue Primordian.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 575. 1629. =2.=
_Rea Flora_ 206. 1676.
An old variety of the same shape as the Red Primordian but smaller and of
a violet-blue color; of good taste; ripens early, productive.
=Blue Prolific.= Domestica. =1.= _Flor. and Pom._ 89. 1876. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 722. 1884. =3.= _Guide Prat._ 156, 356. 1895.
_Blue Prolific_ 3. Fertile Bleue 3. _Rivers’ Blue Prolific_ 2. _Rivers
No._ 4 1.
Tree hardy, productive; fruit below medium in size, oval, slightly
narrowed at the stem end; cavity and suture shallow; dark purple,
with thin bloom; flesh dull greenish-yellow, juicy; flavor brisk and
agreeable; a cooking plum; stone clinging; ripens early.
=Blue Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Hoffy _Orch. Comp._ 2. 1842.
Hoffy published a colored engraving of this variety, but did not describe
it. Fruit long-oval; suture deep; dark blue.
=Blue Rock.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 423. 1903.
A seedling from Thomas Rivers, England. Tree upright, productive; fruit
of medium size, round; cavity small; suture distinct; dark purple; dots
small, gray; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet, rich; clingstone; early.
=Blue Tweens.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =25=:204. 1870. =2.= _Am.
Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 52. 1871.
A seedling, raised by G. P. Peffer of Pewaukee, Wisconsin, about 1855.
Tree hardy, slow in growth; fruit in pairs, giving rise to the name;
flesh yellowish-green, adhering to the stone on one side; flavor
sprightly subacid; late.
=Blue Violet.= Domestica. Mentioned in Ray _Hist. Plant._ =2=:1528. 1688.
=Blum.= Domestica. =1.= _Cultivator_ 3d Ser. =8=:280 fig. 1860. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 900. 1869.
A seedling from North Carolina resembling Nelson’s Victory in color and
shape. Size above medium, oval, dull orange with numerous small brown
dots; flesh yellowish-brown, juicy; good; early.
=Bohemian Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894.
Introduced by J. W. Kerr, who secured plants from Charles Luedloff,
Carver, Minnesota. Tree upright, vigorous, productive; fruit large,
roundish-oval, dark purple; good.
=Bomberger.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900. =2.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._
=87=:12. 1901.
A variety grown by H. A. Terry of Crescent, Iowa, from seed of Harrison;
first fruited in 1897. Tree upright, vigorous, productive; fruit large,
roundish; suture faint; yellow overlaid with red; flesh tender, sweet,
rich; good; stone round, smooth, abruptly pointed; mid-season.
=Bongoume.= Triflora. =1.= Normand _Cat._ 1891.
Sold by J. L. Normand, Marksville, Louisiana, as a Japanese plum
resembling an apricot.
=Bonne Bouche.= Domestica. =1.= Thompson _Gard, Ass’t_ =4=:156. 1901.
Of French origin. Fruit medium, greenish-yellow; flesh golden-yellow,
tender, juicy; flavor delicious; mid-season; valuable for dessert.
=Bonne de Bry.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:50.
1900. =2.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 480. 1904. =3.= _Soc. Nat. Hort. France
Pom._ 526 fig. 1904.
Originated in the valley of the Marne near Bry-sur-Marne, France. Tree
vigorous; fruit below medium, globular; suture shallow; skin dark purple;
heavy bloom; flesh greenish, juicy, sweet, tender; good for canning;
stone very small; very early.
=Bonnemain de la Digue.= Domestica? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 423. 1889.
Found in the reference given above and in _Journal de la Societe
Nationale et Centrale d’Horticulture de France_ 562. 1875.
=Bonne Rouge.= Domestica. Listed in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 144. 1831.
=Bonnet d’Eveque.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 353. 1866. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 900. 1869. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 422. 1889.
=4.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 352. 1895.
Bischofsmütze 3. _Bonnet d’Eveque_ 3. _Die Bischofsmütze_ 4.
Tree vigorous, upright; fruit medium, obovate, dark purple; flesh rich;
freestone; good; late.
=Bossland.= Hortulana mineri × (Domestica? × Hortulana). =1.= _Ia. Sta.
Bul._ =46=:263. 1900.
A cross between Miner and a seedling of Quackenboss and Wayland,
originating with Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska, in 1893. Tree
vigorous, spreading; fruit medium, dark red; flesh coarse, dry; stone
semi-clinging; mid-season.
=Boulouf.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 901. 1869. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 688. 1884. =3.= _N. Y. Sta. An. Rpt._ =15=:291. 1896.
Bouloff 3.
Large, roundish-oval; suture a line; stem short and thick; red covered
with thick bloom; dots brownish; flesh yellow, juicy and sweet; good.
=Bouncer.= Americana. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:29. 1903.
A seedling of Yosemite Purple grown at the Central Experimental Farm,
Ottawa, about 1900. Fruit large, roundish; suture a line; uniform deep
purplish-red; dots numerous, yellow, distinct; moderate bloom; flesh deep
yellow, juicy, sweet and rich; good; clingstone; mid-season.
=Bower.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 122. 1860. =2.= _Gard.
Mon._ =3=:314. 1861.
Bower’s Gage 1, 2.
A seedling raised by a Mr. Bower of Philadelphia about 1850. Tree lacking
in vigor; fruit oblong, yellow, like Lawrence; probably of Reine Claude
parentage; good.
=Bowle.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576. 1629. =2.= Rea
_Flora_ 207. 1676.
_Bole_ 2.
Described by Rea as of “middle size, black, flat on one side and well
tasted.”
=Brackett.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.
One of H. A. Terry’s varieties coming from a seed of Harrison. Tree
strong, upright and productive; fruit large, pale yellow overspread with
dark red; flesh yellow, firm; good; stone semi-clinging.
=Brahy.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 353. 1866. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 901. 1869. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 445. 1889.
Brahy’s Green Gage 1, 2. _Brahy’s Green Gage_ 3. _Reine-Claude de Brahy_
1, 2, 3. Reine-Claude von Brahy 3.
Supposed to have been raised by M. Brahay Eckenholm, at Herstal,
near Liege, Belgium. Fruit very large, round; suture distinct; skin
yellowish-green, with fine bloom; flesh rich yellow, tender, juicy, very
rich flavor; mid-season; a trifle later than Reine Claude, which it
otherwise resembles.
=Brainerd.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:36. 1892. =2.= Waugh
_Plum Cult._ 144. 1901.
_Brainerd’s Best_ 2.
A wild variety found in Ramsay County, Minnesota, prior to 1884. Fruit
small; poor; worthless.
=Brandon Ruby.= Nigra. Mentioned in _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:39. 1903.
=Brandy Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 371. 1866. =2.= Fell
_Cat._ 1893. =3.= _Guide Prat._ 163, 352. 1895. =4.= _Garden_ =62=:433.
1902.
_Impériale de Mann_ 3. _Mann’s Imperial_ 1, 3. _Mann’s Brandy Gage_ 1, 3.
A variety of European origin resembling a small Golden Drop. Fruit small,
yellow, with heavy bloom; flesh melting and sweet; good; early.
=Brant of Naples.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Hort. Soc. An. Rpt._ =19=:253.
1896.
Mentioned as hardy. This variety may be the same as Beauty of Naples.
=Brauman.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 547. 1901.
An unproductive German variety. Fruit medium in size, globular; stem
short; suture a line; skin greenish-yellow; flesh green, coarse, dry,
sweet, pleasant; stone clinging; early.
=Braunauer Damascenenartige Pflaume.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom.
Pom._ 423. 1889.
=Breck.= Triflora ×? =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:7. 1898. =2.= Waugh _Plum
Cult._ 204. 1901.
First offered for sale in 1899 by F. T. Ramsey of Austin, Texas. Fruit
oblong or slightly conical, medium in size; stem short; suture lacking;
bright red, indistinctly striped; dots many, small, white, inconspicuous;
bloom light; flesh red, fibrous; clingstone; much like Wild Goose, but
somewhat firmer.
=Brevoort Purple.= Domestica. =1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 203. 1835. =2.=
_Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 222, 244. 1858. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 901.
1869. =4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 448. 1889.
_Brevoorfs Purple_ 4. Brevoort’s Purple Bolmar 1. _Brevoort’s Purple
Washington_ 1, 3, 4. Brevorts 2. Brevort’s Purple 3. _Brevort’s Purple_
4. _Brevorts’ Purple Bolmar_ 4. _Brevorts Purple Bolmar_ 3. _New York
Purple_ 3, 4. Rote Washington 4. _Rouge de Brevoort_ 4. Washington 4.
_Washington Purple_ 3, 4.
A seedling grown by Henry Brevoort of New York from a stone of Washington
planted in 1819. Fruit large, oval; suture distinct at the base;
skin reddish-purple; flesh yellow, soft, juicy, vinous; clingstone;
mid-season; rejected by the American Pomological Society.
=Briancon.= Domestica? =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 144. 1831. =2.=
Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:105. 1832. =3.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ 1. 1846.
De Briançon 1, 3. _Prune de Briancon_ 3. _Prune de Brigantiaca_ 2, 3.
A variety indigenous to the Alps in southeastern France. Trees grow to
the height of eight or ten feet; fruit small, nearly round, smooth,
yellow, with reddish tinge; flesh yellow; freestone. The stone contains a
bitter kernel, from which is extracted a valuable oil. Prince considered
the tree a hybrid between the plum and the apricot.
=Brignole.= Domestica. =1.= Miller _Gard. Dict._ 3. 1754. =2.= Knoop
_Fructologie_ =2=:55. 1771. =3.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 151. 1831. =4.=
Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:67. 1832. =5.= Floy-Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._
295, 383. 1846.
Prune de Brignole 1. _Brignole Plum_ 1. Brignole Jaune 2. Perdrigon de
Brignole Gros 3. _Perdrigon de Brignole_ ?4. _Brignole Jaune_ 5. _Prune
de Brignole_ 5.
The Brignole plum is named from Brignoles, a town in France where it is
used with the White Perdrigon for the famous Brignoles Prunes. Duhamel
and several others have confused the two varieties but they seem to be
distinct. The Brignole is larger, its skin less tough, flesh more yellow
and the season later than White Perdrigon.
=Brignole Violette.= Domestica. =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:55. 1771.
=2.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 68, 69. 1699. =3.= _Cal. State Bd. Hort.
Rpt._ 107. 1891.
_Brugnole_ 2. _Brignole_ 2. Brignole 3.
This seems to be a purple strain of the Brignole which has found its way
into California. Fruit oval, medium in size, violet; dots light yellow,
yellow spots on the sunny side; flesh greenish-yellow, tender, juicy,
sweet; freestone; best adapted to a warm climate.
=Brill.= Cerasifera. =1.= _Gard. Mon._ =17=:305. 1875. =2.= _Vt. Sta. An.
Rpt._ =13=:368. 1900. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 230. 1901. =4.= _Ga. Sta.
Bul._ =67=:272. 1904.
This plum is thought to have originated in Mississippi and was introduced
by J. T. Whitaker, Tyler, Texas. Tree vigorous, with an upright-spreading
habit; fruit small, round; cavity broad, shallow; stem long, slender;
suture a line; bright red with yellow dots; bloom thin; skin thin; flesh
yellow, soft, juicy; quality fair; stone small, clinging; early; listed
in the American Pomological Society catalog of fruits for 1875 but
removed in 1883.
=Bristol.= Domestica. =1.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 212. 1904.
Bristol, as tested in Illinois, is very similar to, if not identical with
the Lombard.
=Briton Seedling.= Domestica. =1.= _Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 92, 1885.
An unproductive seedling of Canadian origin. Fruit of medium size, very
dark blue; bloom heavy; flesh greenish, firm, juicy, sweet and pleasant;
late.
=Brittlewood.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:30. 1897. =2.= _U.
S. D. A. Yearbook_ 477, 478, Pl. LXII. 1902.
_Brittlewood No._ 1 2.
Theodore Williams of Benson, Nebraska, grew this variety from seed of
Quaker pollinated by Harrison. Tree large, vigorous, spreading; fruit
large, nearly round, symmetrical; cavity small, shallow; stem medium;
suture shallow; dark red when fully ripe; dots numerous, small; bloom
thick; skin thick, tenacious; flesh yellowish, meaty, juicy, mild
subacid, rich; good; stone oval, large, clinging; mid-season.
=Brittlewood No. 3.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 5. 1898.
From the same source as Brittlewood but from the reciprocal cross. The
two varieties are similar in all respects except that Brittlewood No. 3
is about a week earlier.
=Britzer Egg.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 548. 1901.
Originated in Germany. Tree productive; fruit below medium size,
egg-shaped; stem short; suture wide, shallow; yellow; bloom thin; flesh
yellow, juicy, sweet, pleasant; stone large, semi-clinging; mid-season.
=Brock.= Species? =1.= _Can. Hort._ =18=:350. 1895.
General Brock 1.
A seedling grown by J. K. Gordon of Whitby, Ontario. Said to be early and
attractive.
=Brodie.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:33. 1903.
A seedling tree known in the family of R. Brodie, Montreal, Quebec,
for three generations. Fruit below medium, almost round, dark purple;
dots obscure; suture a line; flesh greenish-yellow, sweet, rich; good;
mid-season.
=Brompton.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 144. 1831.
An old variety formerly much used as a stock.
=Brooklyn.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.
A seedling of Harrison grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa. Tree
vigorous, spreading, productive; fruit large, oblong, dark red over a
yellow ground; flesh firm, yellow; good; stone semi-clinging.
=Brunner Zwetsche.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 424. 1889.
Undescribed by Mathieu who took the name from _Wiener Garten-Zeitung_
286. 1884.
=Brunswick.= Munsoniana. =1.= Lovett _Cat._ 44. 1893. =2.= Budd-Hansen
_Am. Hort. Man._ 294. 1903. =3.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:245, 254, 255.
1905.
According to the Lovett Nursery Company, this plum originated in Missouri
and was introduced by them. Fruit above medium, roundish-oval; stem of
medium length, slender; bright red on a yellowish ground; flesh yellow,
meaty, sweet; good; early.
=Brussels.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 144. 1831.
=Bryan.= Americana. =1.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 144. 1901.
_W. J. Bryan_ 1. _Colonel Bryan_ 1.
One of H. A. Terry’s numerous seedlings which fruited first in 1896.
Fruit large, oblong, rich, dark red; flesh firm; good.
=Buchanan.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 144. 1831.
=Buchner Konigspflaume.= Domestica. Listed in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 424.
1889. _Braunauer Königs Pflaume. Braunauer Violetter Perdrigon. Royale de
Braunau._
=Budd.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.
_Prof. Budd_ 1.
Originated with H. A. Terry of Iowa and first fruited in 1897. Tree
upright, productive; fruit large, bright red, with numerous white dots;
flesh firm; good; mid-season.
=Buel.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 272. 1845. =2.= _Ann.
Pom. Belge_ =8=:59, Pl. 1860. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 424. 1889.
Buel’s Favorite 1. Buel’s Liebling’s Zwetsche 3. Buel’s Favorite 3.
_Favorite de Buel_ 3. Prune Buel’s Favorite 2.
Raised about 1840 by Isaac Denniston of Albany and named after the
distinguished agriculturist, Judge Buel. Fruit large, ovate, broadest
toward the stem; stalk long and thick; pale green, thickly sprinkled with
lighter dots and speckled red near the stalk; flesh greenish-yellow,
firm, juicy and rich; good; stone nearly free; mid-season.
=Buffalo Bill.= Species? =1.= Letter from F. T. Ramsey.
Selected from the wild plums of Texas.
=Buhl-Eltershofen.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 424. 1889.
_Buhl-Eltershofen Zwetsche._
=Buhler.= Domestica. =1.= Lucas _Vollst. Hand. Obst._ 473. 1894.
Buhler’s Early Prune 1.
Fruit of medium size, egg-shaped, beautiful blue; table and market plum;
early.
=Bulah No. 4.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:263. 1900.
A seedling from a Miner tree pollinated by wild plums, from J. F. Wagner,
Bennett, Cedar County, Iowa, in 1894. Fruit medium to large, dark red;
late.
=Bullman.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 464. 1900.
A vigorous variety from Germany. Fruit above medium, oval; suture deep;
sides unequal; yellow with red dots; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet,
pleasant; freestone; early.
=Bulgaria.= Domestica? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 424. 1889.
Mathieu refers this variety to _Pomologische Monatshetfe_ 323. 1887.
=Bulgarian.= Domestica. =1.= _Cal. Sta. Bd. Hort._ 292. 1885-6. =2.=
_Ibid._ 107 fig. 1891. =3.= Wickson _Cal. Fruits_ 357. 1891. =4.= _N.
Mex. Sta. Bul._ =27=:126. 1898.
Belgarian Prune 1.
A variety grown chiefly in the vicinity of Haywards, Alameda County,
California, for drying. Tree vigorous, bears early and regularly,
productive; fruit above medium, roundish-obovate, having a short neck;
suture shallow; apex slightly compressed; stem slender, one inch long;
cavity narrow and shallow; dark purple; flesh greenish-yellow, sweet and
rich with a pleasant flavor; good; stone semi-clinging; season early.
=Bullock.= Domestica. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 69. 1699.
Bullock’s Heart 1.
Described as an “extream large plum.”
=Bull Plum.= Domestica. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 68. 1699.
Mentioned by Quintinye as a “dry plum.”
=Bunker Hill.= Domestica. =1.= Bailey _Ann. Hort._ 196. 1891. =2.= _Me.
Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=: 64. 1896. =3.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =134=:41. 1902.
_Plattman’s Bunker Hill_ 1.
Originated at the Yates County Nurseries near Seneca Lake, New York, by
J. H. Plattman, from a seed of a plum which grew near a Washington and
a Reine Claude. Tree upright, vigorous and productive; fruit medium to
large, blue; good; mid-season.
=Bunte Fruh Pflaume.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 424.
1889.
=Bunter Perdrigon.= Domestica. =1.= Lange _Allgem. Garten._ =2=:419.
1879. =2.= Lauche _Deut. Pom._ 18, Pl. 4. 1882. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._
424. 1889.
_Der Bunter Perdrigon_ 2. _Perdrigon Bariole_ 3.
A European variety called Bunter because of its variegated colored fruit.
Tree large; fruit medium, violet-blue on the sunny side, red and green
on the shaded side; flesh greenish, juicy, sprightly; quality fair;
freestone; recommended for table and drying purposes in Germany.
=Burbank First.= Triflora. =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =65=:730. 1906.
Burbank’s First 1.
Tree vigorous, productive; fruit small, red and yellow; early; inferior.
=Burbank No. 1.= Triflora. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =62=:22. 1894.
One of Burbank’s seedlings said to resemble Berckmans.
=Burbank No. 7.= Triflora × Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =118=:52.
1895. =2.= _Ibid._ =169=:249. 1899.
Tree vigorous, round-topped, branches upright; fruit roundish-ovate;
cavity narrow, deep, suture broad, shallow; greenish-yellow; flesh
pale yellow, sweet, juicy, sprightly, highly flavored; stone turgid,
roundish-oval, semi-clinging; mid-season.
=Burbank No. 11.= Triflora × Domestica? =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =129=:32,
34. 1896.
Both tree and fruit give indications of an admixture of Domestica. Tree
not productive; fruit large; flavor good.
=Burbank × Redick.= Triflora × Americana. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 228.
1909.
A hybrid from Theodore Williams, Benson, Nebraska, published in the
preceding reference under the name of its parents. It resembles the
Burbank very closely and is said to be somewhat more hardy than that
variety but inferior in quality.
=Burchardt Gelbe Fruh Zwetsche.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 424.
1889.
Listed by Mathieu from _Wiener Garten-Zeitung_ 286. 1884.
=Burettes.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 374. 1857. =2.= _Ann.
Pom. Belge_ =5=:47, Pl. 1857. =3.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:115. 1866-73.
Burrettes 1. Des Burettes 3. Prune Des Burettes 2.
Originated by M. Gregoire of Burrettes, Belgium, and first reported in
1849. Tree vigorous, hardy; fruit large, irregularly oval; suture faint;
dull greenish-yellow with rose-purple on the sunny exposure; flesh green,
fine, melting; juice abundant, sweet, agreeably aromatic; good; freestone.
=Burford.= Triflora × Munsoniana. =1.= Munson _Cat._ 1906-7.
A seedling of Burbank crossed with Clifford from T. V. Munson, Denison,
Texas. Tree weeping; branches more slender than those of Burbank; fruit
large, round, light, bright red; stone small.
=Burgundy Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 374. 1857. =2.=
Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 424. 1889. =3.= Wickson _Cal. Fruits_ 357. 1891.
Burgunder Zwetsche 2. _Prune de Bourgoyne_ 1, 2. _Burgundy Prune_ 2.
Susina Torla d’ Nova di Borgogna 2 incor.
Fruit medium, egg-shaped with a neck; suture indistinct; reddish-black;
dots minute, numerous; flesh juicy, sugary, pleasant; freestone;
mid-season.
=Burlington Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Goodrich _N. Fr. Cult._ 83. 1849. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 902. 1869.
Raised from seed of some unknown “Blue Gage,” brought from Connecticut
about 1800, and planted by Mrs. Ozias Buel of Burlington, Vermont. Tree
hardy, vigorous, productive; fruit medium in size, roundish-oval, dark
purplish-blue, with abundant bloom; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, rich;
freestone; early; formerly considered valuable.
=Burnet.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 144. 1831. =2.= _Mag.
Hort._ =9=:163. 1843.
Fruit small, roundish, purple; freestone; mid-season; similar to Wine
Sour.
=Bursoto.= Triflora × Americana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =10=:106. 1897.
=2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 144. 1901.
A hybrid of Burbank with De Soto, grown and named by Theodore Williams
of Benson, Nebraska, about 1890. Tree of the Americana type; fruit
large, oblique, oval; cavity lacking; stem short, thick; light red and
yellow; dots small, white; skin thick; flesh yellow, juicy; good; stone
semi-clinging; early.
=Byefield.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 272. 1845.
Fruit small, round; suture a line; light yellow, with red spots around
the stem; flesh yellow; clingstone; good; early; rejected by the American
Pomological Society in 1888.
=Caddo Chief.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 162.
1881. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:60, 86. 1892. =3.= _Tex. Sta. Bul._
=32=:479. 1894. =4.= _N. Mex. Sta. Bul._ =27=:124. 1898. =5.= Waugh _Plum
Cult._ 193. 1901.
Found wild in Caddo Parish, Louisiana, and introduced by G. W. Stones,
Shreveport, Louisiana. It is favorably reported from the South but not
generally recommended, although the American Pomological Society included
it in their catalog of fruits in 1897. Tree low-branching, hardy and
productive; fruit of medium size, roundish-oblong; suture shallow; cavity
medium deep; skin thick, tough; bright red; flesh reddish-yellow, firm,
sweet and juicy; poor; stone large, round, clinging; season early.
=Caldwell Golden Drop.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 902. 1869.
Caldwell’s Golden Drop 1.
Possibly an American strain of the Golden Drop. Fruit large, oval, sides
often unequal; suture distinct; yellow marbled with crimson in the sun,
with thin bloom; stem slender; cavity small; flesh yellow, juicy, sugary,
rich; good; clingstone; early.
=Caldwell White Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 903. 1869.
Caldwell’s White Gage 1.
A productive variety of American origin. Fruit of medium size,
oval, narrowing slightly at the apex; suture shallow; apex pointed;
greenish-yellow, dotted with purple in the sun; bloom thick; stem
long; flesh greenish-yellow, coarse, juicy, sugary; good; clingstone;
mid-season.
=California.= Americana, =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._
145. 1901.
_California Seedling_ 2. Cal. Seedling 1.
Fruit of medium size, slightly oblate; cavity medium deep, flaring; stem
long; suture a line; bright red; dots many, minute; skin thick, tough;
flesh yellow; good; stone roundish, flattened, clinging; mid-season.
=Cambell.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 903. 1869.
_Cambell’s Seedling_ 1. _McCauley’s Seedling_ 1.
Fruit large, oval; suture shallow; pale yellow, splashed with green,
dotted and marbled with crimson in the sun; bloom light; cavity small;
flesh pale yellow, coarse, juicy, sweet; good; semi-clinging; mid-season.
=Campbell.= Species? =1.= _Gard. Mon._ =25=:49, 83. 1883.
A seedling found growing on a Mr. Campbell’s farm near Abingdon,
Virginia. Very late and a long keeper.
=Canada Blue.= Domestica. =1.= Lutts _Cat._ 1890?
Mentioned as a “small, round, early, blue plum, very productive and
excellent for preserving.”
=Canada Orleans.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 3rd App. 180.
1881. =2.= _Mich. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 466. 1883. =3.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._
=131=:183. 1897.
_Canada Egg_ ?1. Canada Egg 2.
Probably originated in the vicinity of Hamilton, Ontario, where it is
chiefly grown. Fruit medium to large, reddish-purple, with heavy bloom;
flesh yellow, juicy, melting, sweet, rich; early.
=Canadian Apricot.= Nigra.
The common wild plum of Canada.
=Candelaria.= Domestica. =1.= Clarke _Prune Industry_ 41. 1893.
Candelaria Prune 1.
About 1881 W. B. Simpson discovered that a supposed Golden Drop tree
on the farm of S. A. Clarke, Salem, Oregon, was not true to name. It
seemed of value and was named Candelaria from the name of the farm. Fruit
large, yellow; flesh solid, subacid; very good; has not been extensively
propagated.
=Caper.= Triflora × Cerasifera? =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:221. 1899.
Grown between 1890 and 1895 by J. S. Breece, of North Carolina. Waugh
states that the fruit and foliage suggest the species mentioned above.
Fruit of medium size, oval; cavity shallow; dark red; dots many, minute;
skin thick, tough; flesh firm, red, sprightly, subacid; fair in quality;
stone large, turgid, clinging.
=Capitaine Kirchhof.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 424, 434. 1889.
=2.= _Guide Prat._ 161, 353. 1895.
_Capitaine Kirckhof_ 1. _Capitaine Kirckkof_ 2. _Hauptmann Kirchhof’s
Pflaume_ 1, 2. _Kirchhof’s Pflaume_ 1, 2. _Prune de Kirchhof_ 1.
Found by M. Oberdieck of Schaferhof on the estate of a Captain Kirchhof
near Nienburg (Hanover). Tree productive; fruit of medium size, round,
purplish-brown; bloom thick; flesh yellow, fine, juicy; sweet, aromatic;
good; late.
=Captain.= Hortulana? =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._
=11=:283. 1898.
Columbia 1. _Columbia_ 2.
Introduced about 1892 by A. M. Ramsey and Son of Austin, Texas, under the
name Columbia but changed by Waugh in 1898 to Captain to avoid confusion
with an older Columbia. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit medium in
size, spherical, bright golden-yellow; dots many, conspicuous, whitish;
suture a line; skin thin, tough; flesh firm, yellow; good; stone small,
clinging; late.
=Capt. Bacon.= Americana. =1.= Meneray _Cat._
A seedling of Weaver grown by H. A. Terry. Tree vigorous; fruit large,
red over yellow; flesh yellow, coarse, rich; freestone; a culinary
variety.
=Capt. Watrous.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.
A seedling of Harrison grown by H. A. Terry who plucked the first fruit
in 1897. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit large, roundish, yellow
overspread with bright red; good.
=Caro.= Americana mollis. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:29, 38. 1903.
A seedling of Wolf which originated at the Central Experimental Farm,
Ottawa, Canada, in 1895. Fruit large, roundish; suture distinct; bright
red, showing yellow in patches; dots numerous, yellow, distinct;
bloom light; skin thick; flesh deep yellow, juicy, sweet, rich; good;
mid-season.
=Caroline.= Americana? =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 412. 1899. =2.= _S.
Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:11. 1905.
A seedling grown by C. W. H. Heideman, New Ulm, Minnesota. Fruit of
medium size, yellowish-red; good; season of Forest Garden; subject to
plum-pocket and unproductive.
=Carpenter.= Species? =1.= _S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:11. 1905.
A seedling from Vermilion, South Dakota.
=Carson.= Domestica.
According to a letter from G. B. Brackett of the United States Department
of Agriculture, Carson is a strain of Lombard.
=Carstesen.= Nigra. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:29. 1903.
A seedling grown by H. P. Carstesen, Billings Bridge, Ontario. Tree
vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity narrow;
suture obscure; apex rounded; yellow, nearly covered with deep red; dots
obscure; bloomless; skin thin, tender; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good;
stone flat, roundish, nearly free; early.
=Carver.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1896-1900. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._
145. 1901.
Introduced by Charles Luedloff, Cologne, Minnesota. Fruit small,
roundish-oval; cavity shallow; stem slender; suture a line; red,
sometimes mottled; dots many, small; skin tough; flesh yellow; quality
fair; clingstone; late; unpromising.
=Catalano.= Domestica. =1.= Gallesio _Pom. Ital._ =2=: Pl. 1839.
Susino Catalano 1. _Prunus Catalanica_ 1. _Catalana-Susina_ 1. _Catelane_
1.
This Italian variety is much larger than the Early Yellow, known also as
the Catalonia. They may be related, however, for Gallesio says that there
are many varieties from Catalonia which are similar in shape and taste.
Fruit large, oblong, slightly necked; skin greenish and greasy; pulp
green, soft, tender, juicy and pleasant.
=Catalana Propria.= Domestica. =1.= Gallesio _Pom. Ital._ =2=: Pl. 1839.
_Catalana Toscana_ 1.
A good strain of Catalano grown in Italy.
=Catelano Giallo.= Domestica. =1.= Gallesio _Pom. Ital._ =2=: Pl. 1839.
Buon-Boccone 1. Buon-Bocconi 1.
This variety is figured under the name Buon-Boccone and described under
Catelano Giallo. As early as 1839 it was well known in parts of Italy
and was then ranked next to the Reine Claude in quality. Fruit large,
oval, dull yellow, tinged with red; pulp yellow, tender, sweet and highly
flavored.
=Catelano Violaceo.= Domestica. =1.= Gallesio _Pom. Ital._ =2=: Pl. 1839.
Catelana Morella? 1. Susina Vecchietti 1. Susino Vecchietti 1.
Gallesio described this plum as a strain of the Catelano and adds that
it is grown in abundance at Florence. Tree medium in size; fruit large,
oval; suture distinct; violet; pulp yellowish, tender, juicy, sweet and
highly flavored.
=Catherine.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:50. 1900.
Tree strong, moderately productive; fruit above medium size, egg-shaped;
suture a line; cavity small; reddish-purple; bloom thin; flesh
greenish-yellow, firm, juicy, sweet; pleasant; good; stone large,
clinging; mid-season.
=Cel.= Cerasifera × (Triflora × Simonii). =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:8.
1898.
Originated and named by Luther Burbank, who states that it is a cross
between Myrobalan and Wickson. Fruit of medium size, egg-shaped; cavity
rounded; suture indistinct; apex pointed; bright, transparent yellow;
flavor resembling the Americanas; good; stone of medium size, clinging.
=Centennial.= Species? =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 308. 1884.
Originated in 1877 by George U. Oberholtzer, Sioux City, Iowa. Fruit of
medium size; skin firm; good; ten days later than Miner.
=Centralia.= Domestica. =1.= Wild Bros. _Cat._ 1892? =2.= _Can. Exp. Farm
Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:50. 1900.
A vigorous variety from J. B. Webster of Centralia, Illinois.
=Cerney Perdrigon.= Domestica. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 69. 1699. =2.=
Langley _Pomona_ 93, 97. 1729.
Cernay Perdrigon 2.
A variety long since obsolete. Fruit roundish, slightly flattened, red;
good.
=Ceur de Beuf.= Domestica. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 69. 1699.
Mentioned by Quintinye in 1699 as a violet-red plum. Its relationship to
Coeur de Boeuf is unknown.
=Chabot Blood.= Triflora × Simonii. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =106=:49.
1896.
Fruit of medium size, dull red or cinnabar; flesh firm, brick red, very
juicy, sweet, aromatic; late.
=Champion.= Americana. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 392. 1891. =2.= Terry
_Cat._ 1900. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 145 fig. 1901.
A seedling of Hawkeye grown by H. A. Terry; first fruited in 1891. Fruit
large, roundish; suture a line; red over yellow; dots many, conspicuous;
skin firm; flesh yellow, firm; flavor not high; quality fair; stone
large, oval, flattened, clinging; late.
=Chancellor Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 147. 1831.
Fruit of medium size, round, yellow; quality fair; a table plum.
=Chapin.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 903. 1869.
Grown by Aaron Chapin, Hartford, Connecticut. Tree vigorous; fruit of
medium size, oval; suture shallow; stem long, slender; cavity deep; light
reddish-purple; flesh yellow, juicy, vinous; good; semi-clinging; late.
=Chariot.= Species? =1.= Harrison _Cat._ 1897.
Probably misnamed.
=Charity Clark.= Munsoniana × _Prunus persica_. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._
=38=:77. 1892.
Blackman 1.
For a history of this variety see Blackman.
=Charlotte.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Treat. Hort._ 25. 1828. =2.= Prince
_Pom. Man._ =2=:59. 1832.
Tomlinson’s Charlotte 1, 2. _Charlotte_ 2.
Prince says this is “a seedling of Yellow Egg raised by Judge Tomlinson.”
Tree very vigorous; fruit shaped like its parent, yellow; flesh sweet
with an agreeable flavor; early.
=Charmer.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.
A seedling raised at Indian Head Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory,
Canada. Fruit large, red, bitter; early.
=Chautauqua.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:38. 1903.
A variety grown on the Experimental Farm at Ottawa, Canada.
=Chauviere.= Domestica. =1.= _Rev. Hort._ 535. 1891.
Reine-Claude Chauviere 1. _Belle de Doue_ 1 incor.
Grown by M. Chauviere, a Frenchman, who had purchased it under the
false name of Belle de Doue. Trees variable in productiveness;
fruit roundish-oblate; suture shallow; skin changes from marbled
greenish-yellow to dark red, dotted and stained with cinnabar-red; flesh
yellowish-green, soft, juicy, honey-like, very agreeable; clingstone.
=Cheresoto.= _Prunus besseyi_ × Americana. _Cir. S. Dak. Exp. Sta._ 1910.
Cheresoto originated with N. E. Hansen of the South Dakota Experiment
Station as a result of a cross of _Prunus besseyi_ with De Soto. After
fruiting for one year it was introduced in 1910. Fruit small, oval; apex
pointed; black; bloom heavy; flesh yellowish-green, sprightly; clingstone.
=Cherokee.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:78. 1892. 2. Waugh
_Plum Cult._ 145. 1901.
Said to have been found wild in Kansas. Fruit medium in size,
roundish-oblong; skin blotched red, thick; clingstone.
=Cherry.= Nigra. =1.= _N. J. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 186. 1885. =2.= _Ia. Sta.
Bul._ =46=:264. 1900.
Found wild near Chaseburg, Vernon County, Wisconsin, in 1870 by E.
Markle of LaCrosse, Wisconsin; introduced by the discoverer. Tree hardy,
productive, an early bearer; fruit resembles that of De Soto except that
it is larger and about twenty days earlier in ripening.
=Chester.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 547. 1901.
An unimportant seedling from the British Columbia Experiment Station not
to be confused with the Chester of Forsyth. Tree vigorous, unproductive;
fruit medium in size, obovate; cavity narrow, deep; suture shallow;
reddish-pink with numerous golden dots; flesh firm, juicy, sprightly,
slightly coarse; stone large, clinging; mid-season.
=Chester.= Domestica. =1.= Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 20. 1803.
Mentioned by Forsyth as very productive; fruit rich; season late.
=Chester County Prune.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 903. 1869.
From Chester County, Pennsylvania. Tree vigorous; branches slender;
fruit of medium size, oval; suture faint; cavity small; stem long,
slender; black with thick bloom; flesh greenish, sweet; good; freestone;
mid-season.
=Chestnut.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 144. 1831.
Fruit purple, oblong; size and quality medium; clingstone; a table plum.
=Chicrigland.= Species? =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:9. 1898. =2.= _Vt. Sta.
An. Rpt._ =14=:270. 1901.
Grown by T. V. Munson, from seed of a plum grown by F. T. Ramsey,
Lampasas County, Texas. Tree vigorous; branches zigzag, drooping; fruit
oval, small; cavity of medium depth, rounded; suture faint; dull red
over yellow; surface a trifle fuzzy; dots many; bloom heavy; skin thin,
tender, not astringent; flesh soft, yellow, mild acid, aromatic; quality
fair; stone clinging.
=Chinook.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.
A seedling raised at the Experimental Farm, Indian Head, Northwest
Territory, Canada. Fruit of medium size, red; early.
=Chippewa.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 85. 1890. =2.= _Cornell
Sta. Bul._ =38=:37. 1892. =3.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =31=:346. 1895.
Chippeway 2.
A dwarf variety from Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin, often bearing when only
two feet in height. Fruit small, deep red; skin medium thick; flesh firm,
sweet; stone free, small, pointed, rough; worthless.
=Choptank.= Munsoniana. =1.= Bailey _Ann. Hort._ 133. 1893. =2.= _Am.
Pom. Soc. Cat._ 40. 1899. =3.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =113=:154. 1899. =4.=
Waugh _Plum Cult._ 184. 1901.
A seedling of Wild Goose grown by J. W. Kerr, Denton, Maryland;
introduced in 1893; listed in the American Pomological Society
catalog of fruits in 1899. Tree vigorous, prolific and hardy; foliage
large, ornamental; fruit above medium to large, variable in shape,
roundish-oblong to oval; cavity shallow; stem long; suture distinct; skin
thin, tough; bright red; dots numerous, light colored; bloom thin; flesh
yellow, firm, rather acid but of good quality; stone medium in size,
oval, flattened, clinging; medium early.
=Christian.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576. 1629. =2.= Rea
_Flora_ 209. 1676.
_Nutmeg_ 1, 2.
Shrubby in growth; fruit small, dark red; late; obsolete.
=Christie.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:264. 1900. =2.= Waugh
_Plum Cult._ 145. 1901.
Taken from the woods by W. Christie, Villisca, Iowa, in 1887. Fruit
round, truncate, medium in size; apex flattened; cavity wide; suture
lacking; yellow, covered with red; bloom light; skin thick; flesh yellow,
melting, flavor sweet, luscious; very good; stone circular, thick,
semi-clinging.
=Churchill.= Domestica. =1.= _N. Y. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:611. 1893.
A seedling found by G. W. Churchill on the shores of Lake Cayuga. Fruit
large, blue; quality poor; not valuable.
=Chypre.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:82. 1768. =2.=
Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:37, Tab. 187 fig. 2. 1796. =3.= Prince _Pom. Man._
=2=:96. 1832. =4.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 690. 1884.
Cyprian 3. Die Pflaume aus Cypern 2. _De Chypre_ 3. De Chypre 4. Prune de
Chypre 1. _Prune de Chypre_ 2, 3.
Chypre is an old variety of unknown origin. Fruit of medium size, round;
suture shallow; cavity large; purple; bloom thick; flesh firm, greenish,
sweet when fully ripe; quality fair; stone clinging; early.
=Cinnamon.= Domestica. =1.= Ray _Hist. Plant._ 2. 1688.
An old and unimportant variety now obsolete.
=Cistena.= Prunus besseyi × Cerasifera. _Cir. S. Dak. Exp. Sta._ 1910.
Introduced in 1909 by the originator, N. E. Hansen of South Dakota
Experiment Station. It shows the glossy, purple foliage of the Pissardi
plum, one of its parents, and may be of some value as an ornamental.
=City.= Americana. =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 128. 1890. =2.= _Wis.
Sta. Bul._ =63=:32. 1897. =3.= _Ont. Fr. Gr. Assoc. Rpt._ 144. 1901. =4.=
Waugh _Plum Cult._ 146. 1901.
This variety came from the seed of a wild plum growing one-half mile from
Springfield, Minnesota; introduced by H. Knudson in 1890. Tree upright
when young but with a weeping tendency when older, vigorous, hardy and
productive; fruit large, nearly round; cavity of medium width, deep;
suture a distinct line; dark dull red over yellow; dots numerous, small,
yellow, distinct; bloom heavy; skin thick, tough, slightly astringent;
flesh yellow, firm, juicy, sweet; good; stone of medium size, oval,
flattened, semi-clinging; medium to late.
=Clara.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Am. Gard._ =14=:51. 1893. =2.= _Tex. Sta.
Bul._ =32=:482. 1894.
A large and attractive seedling of Wild Goose grown and introduced by G.
Onderdonk, Texas.
=Clarendon.= Angustifolia watsoni. =1.= Bailey _Ev. Nat. Fruits_ 223.
1898.
One of several seedlings secured from northern Texas by F. T. Ramsey.
=Clark.= Species? =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:48. 1892. =2.=
Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 294. 1903.
A wild seedling found in Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Tree moderately
vigorous, not hardy in the North; fruit of medium size, roundish, bright
red; dots numerous; stem short; cavity broad, deep; skin tough; flesh
yellow, firm; inferior.
=Cleavinger.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt._ 274. 1854. =2.=
Hoffy _N. Am. Pom._ 1860.
Originated about 1845 with a Mr. Fernsler of Philadelphia from the
stone of an unnamed seedling; introduced by Wm. S. Cleavinger of West
Philadelphia. Tree vigorous; fruit large, oval; suture distinct; dark
purple; stem short, thick, surrounded by a fleshy ring; flesh deep
yellow, coarse, juicy, vinous, slightly subacid; good; mid-season.
=Cleveland.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:49. 1897. =2.= _Can.
Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:50. 1900. =3.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.
Mrs. Cleveland 1, 3.
A seedling of Wild Goose grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, in 1883.
Tree vigorous, spreading and productive; fruit large, oblong, slightly
pointed at the ends, light mottled red; good; clingstone; very early.
=Clifford.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:80. 1892. =2.= Kerr
_Cat._ 1894. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 184. 1901.
Mrs. Clifford 1, 3. _Mrs. Clifford_ 2.
A seedling of Wild Goose grown by Mrs. Clifford of Denison, Texas,
and introduced by T. V. Munson and Son of the same place. Tree hardy,
vigorous, spreading, productive; fruit large, pear-shaped, sometimes with
a very distinct neck; suture shallow; bright scarlet with very small
yellow dots; flesh yellow, firm, sweet, aromatic; good; clingstone; a
little later than Wild Goose.
=Climax’s Brother.= Triflora × Simonii. =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =59=:655. 1900.
One of Burbank’s numerous crosses, having the same parents as Climax. The
tree is an upright grower like Simon and the fruit resembles this parent
in form and size; not as highly colored as Climax; unknown as yet by
plum-growers.
=Clinton.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 162. 1881. =2.=
_Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:55, 86. 1892. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 26.
1897. =4.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 172. 1901.
Fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity shallow; stem slender; suture a
line; dull red; dots numerous; bloom thin; flesh yellow; quality fair;
clingstone; late. Mentioned in the American Pomological Society’s Catalog
from 1897 to 1899.
=Cluck.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1895. =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc.
Cat._ 38. 1899. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 194. 1901. =4.= _Ga. Sta. Bul._
=67=:273. 1904.
Originated with George Cluck, Austin, Texas; introduced in 1896 by F.
T. Ramsey. Tree vigorous, productive; blooms very late; fruit of medium
size, roundish-oblong; cavity shallow; bright red with many small, yellow
dots; skin tough; flesh yellow, soft; quality fair; stone medium, oval,
turgid, clinging; mid-season.
=Cluster.= Domestica. Mentioned in Ray _Hist. Plant._ =2=:1528. 1688.
=Cochet.= Domestica. =1.= Lucas _Vollst. Hand. Obst._ 471. 1894. =2.=
_Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:50. 1900.
Cochets Pflaume 1. _Cochet Père_ 1.
Tree vigorous and productive; fruit large, oval, yellow with reddish
dots; suture medium; flesh yellowish, rich, sweet, pleasant; early.
=Coeur de Boeuf.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. D. A. Div. of Pom. Bul._
=10=:19. 1901.
_Beef’s Heart_ 1. _Prunier de Carcassone._
Coeur de Boeuf originated in 1879 at Carcassonne, France, as a seedling
of a variety introduced from the province of Lerida, Spain, in 1854. The
following description was made from a tree under test on the grounds
of this Station: Tree vigorous, hardy; fruit of medium size, roundish;
cavity medium in size and depth; stem slender; suture medium; dark
brownish-red, covered with minute russet dots; bloom heavy; skin medium
thick; flesh yellowish, meaty, juicy, sweet, rich; good to very good;
stone small, oval, semi-clinging; mid-season.
=Coe Violet.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 905. 1869. =2.=
_Cat. Cong. Pom. France_ 341. 1887. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 425. 1889.
_Coe à Fruit Violet_ 3. _Coe’s Golden Drop Violette_ 1, 3. Coe’s Violet
1, 3. _Coe’s Violette_ 2. _Coe Violette_ 3. _Goutte d’Or Violette_ 3.
A variation from Golden Drop. Tree vigorous; fruit large, oval; suture
distinct; cavity small; stem long, thick; light reddish; dots brown,
numerous; flesh yellowish, sweet, juicy; good; clingstone.
=Coferer.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 578. 1629.
_Coferers_ 1.
Parkinson describes this plum as, “Flat like a Peare Plum, early ripe and
black, of a very good relish.”
=Coinage.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.
Said by its originator, H. A. Terry, to be a seedling of Gold Coin. Fruit
large, slightly oblong, pale yellow ground, nearly covered with dark red;
flesh firm; clingstone.
=Coletta.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:60, 86.
1892. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 194. 1901. =3.= _Ga. Sta. Bul._ =67=:273.
1904.
This plum was grown by G. Onderdonk of Texas; introduced in 1874. Tree
slow in growth, hardy, somewhat open and thorny; leaves small, foliage
sparse; fruit medium in size, round, bright red; skin tough; flesh
yellow, soft; poor; clingstone; very early.
=Coleus.= Triflora × Cerasifera? =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:10. 1898.
Originated with J. S. Breece, North Carolina. Tree ornamental, vigorous;
leaves large, reddish, conspicuously veined; fruit small, globular;
suture faint; dull deep red; dots faint; skin thick and tough; flesh
medium firm, red; flavor flat; quality very poor; stone small, flattened,
clinging.
=Colman.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:264. 1900. =2.= Terry
_Cat._ 1900.
Collman 1.
H. A. Terry first fruited this variety in 1895. Tree upright, healthy,
fairly productive; fruit large, round, brilliant red; good; clingstone;
mid-season.
=Colorado Queen.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= Waugh _Plum
Cult._ 146. 1901. =3.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:254, 255. 1905.
_Colorado_ 2.
Introduced by J. W. Kerr, Denton, Maryland. Fruit of medium size,
roundish; cavity lacking; suture a line; dull red with a light bloom;
flesh light yellow; quality fair; stone of medium size; clinging; early.
=Combination.= Triflora ×? =1.= Burbank _Cat._ 1901.
Grown by Luther Burbank. Tree uniform in growth; fruit large, roundish;
cavity deep; suture distinct; stem short; light crimson; flesh straw
color, sweet with slight pineapple flavor; early.
=Comfort.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894, =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._
=46=:265. 1900. =3.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:29. 1903.
Introduced by J. Wragg & Sons, Waukon, Iowa, in 1879. Fruit small,
roundish; cavity narrow, shallow; suture a line; apex rounded; red; dots
numerous; bloom thin; skin thick, tough; flesh dark yellow, firm, juicy,
sweet; good; stone semi-clinging; mid-season; mentioned in the Catalog of
the American Pomological Society for 1899.
=Communia.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 87. 1890. =2.= _Ia.
Sta. Bul._ =46=:265. 1900. =3.= _Kan. Sta. Bul._ =101=:117, 118, Pl. III
fig. 119. 1901. =4.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 309. 1903.
Introduced from Denmark by a German colony located at Communia, Clayton
County, Iowa. It resembles the Lombard so closely that they are often
confused. The tree is said to be hardier and a slower grower than the
Lombard, and its fruit of deeper blue and of higher quality. Subject to
rot.
=Compass.= _Prunus besseyi_ × Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._
=67=:10. 1898. =2.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 294. 1903. =3.= _S. Dak.
Sta. Bul._ =93=:13. 1905.
Compass Cherry 1.
A hybrid widely known in the West which originated in 1891 under
cultivation with H. Knudson of Springfield, Minnesota from a seed of
_Prunus besseyi_ pollinated by Miner; introduced by C. W. Sampson,
Eureka, Minnesota, in 1897. Tree vigorous, branches slender; fruit small,
roundish-oval, slightly flattened; cavity distinct; suture a line;
brownish-red, with light bloom; skin tough; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy,
tender, acid; quality fair; clingstone.
=Comptine.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._
146. 1901.
Originated at Knoxville, Iowa. Tree low, spreading; fruit very small,
round, light red; dots many, minute; flesh yellow; very poor; stone
small, oval, clinging. One authority states that the color is yellow.
=Comte Gustave d’Egger.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 905.
1869. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 432. 1889.
_Comte Gustave d’Egger_ 2. _Egger’sche Eier Zwetsche_ 2. Graf Gustav von
Egger 2.
An Austrian variety grown by M. Liegel of Braunau from seed of Abricotée.
Tree moderately vigorous; fruit small, oblong-oval; suture broad, deep,
distinct; skin pale yellow, bronzed in the sun and tinged with violet;
flesh yellowish, fine, sweet, juicy, delicious; freestone.
=Consul.= Americana mollis. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:30. 1903.
A seedling of Wolf grown at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. Fruit
roundish, large; cavity narrow, medium in depth; suture a line; deep red;
dots moderately numerous, yellow, distinct; bloom light; skin thick,
tough; flesh deep yellow, juicy, sweet; good; stone semi-clinging; late.
=Cooch.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Hort._ =21=:406. 1898.
A seedling grown by a Mr. Cooch of Ottawa, Canada, in 1889. Fruit
large; halves unequal; suture distinct; cavity shallow; dark red; flesh
greenish-yellow, juicy, soft, sweet; good; late.
=Cook.= Cerasifera. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1900.
_Cook’s Early_ 1.
Fruit medium, roundish to oblong, red; clingstone; early.
=Cook Choice.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:78. 1892. =2.=
_Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 276. 1893. =3.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =129=:34. 1896.
Cook 3. Cook’s Choice 1. _Cook’s Favorite_ 3. The Cook’s Choice 2.
This is an accidental seedling grown by H. A. Terry of Iowa in 1885. Tree
vigorous; fruit medium, round, red; skin thin; flesh yellow; good; stone
clinging; mid-season; a good culinary variety.
=Cooper.= Hortulana mineri × Munsoniana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 10. 1900.
A cross between Forest Garden and Pottawattamie. It is reported by J.
W. Kerr as being “a large, slightly oblong, red, clingstone variety,
ripening mid-season.”
=Cooper.= Domestica. =1.= McMahon _Am. Gard. Cal._ 587. 1806. =2.= Coxe
_Cult. Fr. Trees_ 236. 1817. =3.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:97. 1832. =4.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 291. 1845. =5.= Floy-Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._
288, 302, 383. 1846. =6.= _Mag. Hort._ =14=:152. 1848. =7.= Elliott _Fr.
Book_ 417. 1854. =8.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 691. 1884. =9.= _Guide Prat._
160, 357. 1895.
Cooper’s 6. Cooper’s Grosse Pflaume 9. _Cooper’s Grosse Rothe Zwetsche_
9. Cooper’s Large 1, 4, 5, 8. _Cooper’s Large_ 3, 6, 9. _Cooper’s Large
American_ 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9. Cooper’s Large Red 3. _Cooper’s Large Red_ 4,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9. _Cooper’s Large Red American_ 9. Coopers Plum 2. _Cooper’s
Plum_ 3, 5. _Cooper’s Red_ 7. Grosse De Cooper 9. _Grosse rouge de
Cooper_ 9. La Delicieuse 5. _La Delicieuse_ ?4, 8, 9. _Lady Lucy_ 8. _Red
Magnum Bonum_ 6 incor. _Smith’s Orleans_ 6. _Violet Perdrigon_ 6 incor.
Cooper is said to have originated at the beginning of the Nineteenth
Century from a seed of Orleans planted by Joseph Cooper of Gloucester
County, New Jersey. The variety was imported into England about 1820 and
became known in Europe under the name La Delicieuse which was corrupted
into Lady Lucy. This variety is so similar to the Smith Orleans that it
is impossible to separate them. They may be identical, or they may have
come true to seed from the same parent.
=Cope.= Domestica. =1.= _U. S. Pat. Off. Rpt._ 274. 1854. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 906. 1869.
Cope’s Seedling 1.
A seedling raised by John Cope of Southwark, Philadelphia, some time
prior to 1850. Fruit large, long-oval, dark purple; stem long, slender;
flesh dry, somewhat acid; good for cooking; freestone.
=Cornemuse.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 145. 1831.
Fruit medium in size, purple, obovate; quality fair; freestone.
=Corymbus.= Species? =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:222, 1899. =2.= Waugh
_Plum Cult._ 207. 1901.
_The Beauty_ 1.
A variety first called “The Beauty” by the originator, A. L. Bruce
of Texas, who gives the parentage as Smelt Cherry × Abundance. Fruit
small, heart-shaped; cavity shallow; suture shallow; apex pointed; dark
wine-red; skin strong; flesh soft, yellow, rich, sweet; good; stone
small, round, smooth, clinging.
=Cottrell.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:37. 1892. =2.= _Am.
Pom. Soc. Cat._ 37. 1899. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 146. 1901. =4.= _Can.
Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:30. 1903.
Cottrell was raised as a seedling by R. T. Cottrell, Dover, Olmstead
County, Minnesota, and was introduced by O. M. Lord of the same state in
1888. Fruit large, roundish; suture a line; cavity narrow; apex rounded;
skin thin, not adherent; mottled red over yellow; bloom medium; dots
numerous, small; flesh yellow, juicy, sweet; good; stone flattened,
strongly and sharply margined, clinging; mid-season.
=Couler.= Americana? =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 235. 1882.
A variety from William Couler, Chickasaw County, Iowa; “a large plum of
fair quality, but cracking badly before ripening; season just before
Miner.”
=Coulommiers.= Domestica. =1.= _Rev. Hort._ 91. 1861. =2.= Mathieu _Nom.
Pom._ 426. 1889.
Coulommiers Pflaume 2. _Prune de Coulommiers_ 2.
Mentioned without a description.
=Coulon Reine Claude.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 426. 1889.
Coulon’s Reine Claude 1. _Reine Claude Coulon_ 1.
Tree vigorous, productive; fruit of medium size, roundish; cavity small;
suture distinct; yellow; bloom thin; flesh yellowish, firm, sweet; good;
early.
=Coul Orleans.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 150.
1831.
=Court Royal.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 145. 1831.
=Cowperthwait Green Gage.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc.
Cat._ 148. 1831.
=Cox.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 906. 1869.
Cox’s Seedling 1.
A seedling from a Mrs. Cox, York, Pennsylvania. Tree vigorous and
upright; fruit very large, roundish-oval, slightly compressed; suture
broad, shallow; yellow, sometimes splashed with green; cavity narrow,
deep; flesh greenish-yellow, coarse, juicy, sweet; good; freestone; early.
=Crable.= Americana? =1.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 232. 1901.
A variety from Iowa. Fruit medium in size; obovate; cavity shallow; stem
long, slender; suture a line; apex pointed; orange with crimson blush;
dots many, minute, white; skin tough; flesh yellow; good; stone large,
elliptical, slightly winged, clinging.
=Craig.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.
_Prof. Craig_ 1.
A seedling of Harrison, grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa. Fruit
large, bright yellow tinged with red; flesh yellow, rich; quality good;
semi-clinging.
=Crescent.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 287. 1887. =2.=
Terry _Cat._ 1900. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 172. 1901.
Crescent City 1.
Originated with H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, from seed of Miner about
1880; first fruited in 1885. Fruit of medium size, oval; cavity shallow;
suture a line; dull red; dots many; bloom thin; flesh yellow; quality
fair; stone large, oval, clinging; mid-season.
=Crimson.= Nigra. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:266, 1900.
Introduced by H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota. Fruit above medium,
light red; skin thin; good; stone long, large, flattish; very early.
=Crimson Beauty.= Hortulana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1897. =2.= _Vt. Sta. An.
Rpt._ =11=:283. 1898.
Fruit of medium size, oblong, cherry red; clingstone; earlier and more
vigorous than Golden Beauty.
=Crimson Drop.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Gard._ =22=:765. 1901. =2.= _Rural
N. Y._ =61=:354. 1902.
Brown’s Crimson Drop 1, 2.
This variety is said to be a sport from Golden Drop, which it resembles
closely except in color, which is a deep rich red.
=Croft Early.= Domestica. =1.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 425. 1854.
Croft’s Early 1.
Fruit small, reddish-blue; flesh yellow, dry; poor. Reported by Elliott
as unworthy of further culture.
=Cruger Scarlet.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =1=:365. 1835. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 293. 1845. =3.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 417. 1855.
=4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 426. 1889.
_Cruger’s_ 2, 3. _Cruger’s Früh Pflaume_ 4. _Cruger’s Plum_ 4. Cruger’s
Rote Pflaume 4. Cruger’s Scarlet 2, 3. _Cruger’s Scarlet_ 4. _Cruger’s
Scarlet Gage_ 2, 3, 4. _Cruger’s Seedling_ 2, 3. Cruger’s Seedling 1, 4.
_Kruger’s Seedling._
Raised by Henry Cruger, West Point, New York, from a seed of Washington.
Fruit of medium size, roundish-oval, compressed; suture obscure; red
in the sun, lilac on the shaded side; bloom light; dots numerous,
yellow; cavity shallow; stem short, stout; flesh deep orange, dry, mild,
agreeable; good; nearly free; mid-season. Mentioned in the American
Pomological Society Catalog from 1875 to 1897.
=Csaszar Sziloa.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =152=:209. 1898. =2.=
_Mich. Sta. Sp. Bul._ =30=:18. 1905.
Imported from Hungary. Fruit large, roundish-ovate, compressed, dark
purple; flesh tender, juicy, greenish-yellow, mild, vinous; quality fair;
clingstone.
=Culberson.= Hortulana mineri × Hortulana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._
=12=:223. 1899. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 208. 1901.
_Mammoth July_ 1, 2.
A cross between Miner and Crimson Beauty grown by A. L. Bruce, Basin
Springs, Texas, and called Mammoth July, but renamed by Waugh in 1899.
Fruit above medium, spherical or slightly pointed, dark red; dots
numerous, yellow; skin thick, tough; flesh yellow; very good; stone
small, round, flattened, clinging.
=Cumberland.= Hortulana. =1.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 50. 1885. =2.=
_Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:48, 86, 1892. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Cat._ 26.
1897. =4.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 178. 1901.
Cumberland originated with Philip Schley, who in 1864 collected pits from
trees growing on the Cumberland Mountains in Tennessee and from them grew
this plum. Tree vigorous and productive; fruit of medium size, oblong,
bright yellow; dots conspicuous; skin thick; flesh firm, meaty; good;
clingstone; season late; this variety is similar to Golden Beauty.
=Curlew.= Domestica. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =131=:183. 1897. =2.=
Rivers _Cat._ 35. 1898.
Originated by Thomas Rivers at Sawbridgeworth, England. Tree very
productive, not hardy in this vicinity; fruit medium in size,
roundish-oval, purple; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet; firm; early.
=Curry.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:266. 1900. =2.=
Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 295. 1903.
A seedling grown by S. L. Curry, Welden, Iowa. Fruit large, oval,
compressed; cavity deep; dark purplish-red; surface rough, dull; dots
small, gray; bloom heavy; skin thick, not astringent; flesh yellow, firm,
slightly astringent; good; stone large, flat, winged; early.
=Cyca Mono.= Triflora. =1.= _Va. Sta. Bul._ =129=:112. 1901.
Imported by the United States Department of Agriculture.
=Cyclone.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1899. =2.= Terry _Cat._ 1900.
Grown from seed of Harrison by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; first fruited
in 1897. Tree vigorous, spreading, fairly productive; fruit large, dark
red; good; mid-season.
=Cydemarine.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 145. 1831.
=Daisy.= Munsoniana × Triflora. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =12=:223. 1899.
=2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 208. 1901.
A variety grown by J. S. Breece, North Carolina. Fruit large,
heart-shaped; suture indistinct; bright red, with many minute yellow
dots; flesh firm, yellow, sprightly; good.
=Dahlgreen.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:35. 1897. =2.= Waugh
_Plum Cult._ 147. 1901.
A variety introduced by Chas. Luedloff, Cologne, Minnesota. Fruit medium
in size, oblong, mottled red; mid-season.
=Dakota.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1900.
Fruit medium in size, round, mottled with dull purplish-red; clingstone;
fruit cracks and is much injured by rot.
=Dalrymple.= Insititia. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 695. 1884. =2.= Mathieu
_Nom. Pom._ 426. 1889. =3.= _Am. Gard._ =14=:146, 148 fig. 1892.
Dalrymple Damson 2.
Dalrymple closely resembles the Shropshire Damson but is hardier and the
tree is smaller.
=Damas Ambre.= Domestica? Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 145. 1831.
=Damaschino Estivo.= Domestica. =1.= Gallesio _Pom. Ital._ =2=: Pl. 1839.
Damaschino d’Estate 1. Zuccherino 1.
According to Gallesio this is a strain of the Damaschino Settembrino
and is common in parts of Italy. Flowers small and white, unfolding in
clusters; fruit obovate like the Settembrino, but slightly larger and its
skin, which is yellow, is more easily removed.
=Damaschino Settembrino.= Domestica. =1.= Gallesio _Pom. Ital._ =2=: Pl.
1839.
Susino Damaschino Settembrino 1.
An old Italian variety. Of the two plums which bear the name Damaschino
this is the smaller and the more savory. Fruit small, obovate,
golden-yellow; pulp fleshy and sugary.
=Damas de Diffenbach.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:165. 1873.
=2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427. 1889.
_Damas de Dieffenbach_ 2. _Damas Noir de Dieffenbach_ 2. Dieffenbachs
Damascene 2. _Dieffenbachs Schwarze Damascene_ 2. _Diffenbachs Damascene_
1.
Liegel obtained this variety from a seed of the Saint Jean and dedicated
it to Diffenbach, head gardener of the Botanical Garden in Vienna,
Austria. Tree of medium vigor, small; fruit small, roundish-ovate; halves
often unequal; suture shallow; purplish-black with a thick bloom; stem
short; cavity shallow; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet and slightly
aromatic; freestone; mid-season.
=Damas de Provence.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:86. 1832.
=2.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 258. 1832. =3.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ =1=:1846.
=4.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 357. 1866. =5.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 939. 1869.
=6.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 443. 1889.
_Damas de Provence_ 5, 6. _Damas de Provence hâtif_ 1, 4, 5, 6. _Damask
of Provence_ 2. _Early Damask of Provence_ 1, 5, 6. _Provence Damask_ 1,
6. Provence Damask 5. Provencer Königspflaume 6. Prune Damas de Provence
3. _Prunus provincialis_ 3.
Damas de Provence is an old European variety; fruit of medium size,
roundish; suture deep; cavity small; reddish-purple; bloom thick; flesh
greenish, sweet; quality poor; freestone; very early.
=Damas d’Ete.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:113. 1873. =2.= _Guide
Prat._ 353. 1895.
_Summer Damson_ 1, 2.
Mas thought this variety was of English or American origin but there
seems to be no reason for this conclusion. Tree small, very productive;
fruit small, oval, purplish-black; flesh greenish, fine, juicy, sweet,
highly flavored; clingstone; early.
=Damas Dronet.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:75. 1768.
=2.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:40, Tab. 191 fig. 2. 1796. =3.= Prince _Pom.
Man._ =2=:86. 1832. =4.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 910. 1869. =5.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 693. 1884.
_Damas Dronet_ 2, 4. _Damson Dronet_ 1. Die kleine langlichte
Damaskuspflaume 1. Dronet Damask 3.
Damas Dronet is an old French variety. Fruit small, oval; suture a line;
stem slender; cavity narrow, deep; greenish-yellow; bloom thin; skin
not adherent; flesh greenish, firm, sweet; good; stone small, free;
mid-season.
=Damas Dronet de Merlet.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._
=2=:75. 1768.
Duhamel states that this is distinct from the Damas Dronet described by
him on the same page.
=Damas Jaune Musque.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:57. 1873.
_Muskirte Gelbe Damascene_ 1.
A foreign variety first mentioned by Christ, a German writer. Tree
vigorous, productive; fruit medium in size, usually ovoid; suture shallow
or a mere line; skin tender, not adherent, yellow, with a thin bloom;
stem long, slender; cavity shallow; flesh yellow, tender, firm, juicy,
sweet, of musky flavor; freestone; very early.
=Damas Noir de Tours.= Domestica. =1.= Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 21.
1803.
Mentioned by Forsyth in the preceding reference. It may be the same as
Précoce de Tours, but we have no proof.
=Damas Rouge de Biondeck.= Domestica. =1.= Baltet _Cult. Fr._ 490. 1908.
Mentioned by a French writer as early and good.
=Damas Rouge Hatif.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 448. 1889. =2.=
_Guide Prat._ 163, 354. 1895.
_Damas Rouge Hâtif_ 1. _Haferkrieche_ 1, 2. Rote Früh Damascene 1. _Rothe
Früh Damascene_ 2.
A variety of little merit.
=Damatie Rouge.= Domestica. Listed in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 145. 1831.
=Damson Royal.= Insititia. =1.= Floy-Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._ 282.
1846.
Described in the preceding reference as similar to “Prune Damson,” but
larger.
=Damas Violet.= Domestica. =1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:70. 1768.
=2.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:44, Tab. 199 fig. 1. 1796. =3.= Quintinye
_Com. Gard._ 68. 1699. =4.= Willich _Dom. Enc._ 180. 1803. =5.= _Mag.
Hort._ =9=:163. 1843. =6.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ =1=:1846. =7.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 729. 1884.
_Damas Violet_ 2, 4, 7. Damas Violet Tardif ?5. Die veilchenfarbige
Damascenerpflaume 2. Ladies’ Plum 4. _Long Violet Damask_ 3. Prune
Gros-Damas Violet 6. Violet Damask 7.
An old variety of unknown origin concerning which there has been much
confusion. Parkinson, in 1629, and a few later writers have made it
synonymous to Queen Mother, but it differs from this variety in that
Damas Violet has pubescent shoots and oval fruit, while the Queen Mother
has glabrous shoots and round fruit. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit
medium, purple; flesh yellow, firm, sweet and briskly flavored, separates
from the stone; season early.
=Damson Riley.= Insititia. =1.= Stark _Cat._ 29. 1910.
A variety from Ohio said to have been grown for about twenty years.
Introduced by Stark Brothers, Louisiana, Missouri, in 1910.
=Dana Yellow Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 275. 1845.
=2.= Cole _Am. Fr. Book._ 215. 1849. =3.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:109. 1873.
Dana’s Gage 2. _Dana’s Yellow Gage_ 3. Reine-Claude Jaune De Dana 3.
Dana Yellow Gage was raised by a Rev. Mr. Dana of Ipswich, Massachusetts.
Fruit of medium size, oval, pale yellow; bloom thin; flesh sweet, juicy,
clingstone; mid-season.
=Daniel Weeping.= Species? =1.= _Vt. Sta. Bul._ =67=:10. 1898.
A hybrid which originated with a Dr. Daniel in Louisiana; introduced
by J. L. Normand. Tree bushy, spreading and drooping; leaves thick and
tough, ovate, acutely pointed, glandular.
=Danish Damson.= Insititia. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 25. 1897. =2.= _Ia. Sta.
Bul._ =46=:266. 1900. =3.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 310. 1903. =4.=
_S. Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:15 1905.
Kreger 1. _Kreger_ 2. _Krueger_ 3.
H. Knudson, Springfield, Minnesota, imported this variety in the spring
of 1884 and introduced it a few years later. It seems to be grown only
in Iowa, Minnesota, South Dakota and adjoining states, being practically
unknown in the East. Fruit small, roundish, dark blue; good; freestone;
mid-season.
=Darst.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =11=:112. 1845.
A seedling originated at Dayton, Ohio, in the garden of a Mr. Darst.
Fruit medium in size, of excellent quality.
=Date.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 575, 576. 1629. =2.= Rea
_Flora_ 208. 1676. =3.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 68, 69. 1699. =4.= Duhamel
_Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:113. 1768. =5.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 908. 1869.
=6.= Koch _Deut. Obst._ 560. 1876.
Date Plum 5. Dattelpflaumen 6. _Dattelzwetsche_ 5. _D’Autriche_ 5. Great
Date 3. _Ienua_ 1. Prune Datte 4. _Prune Datte_ 5. _Prune d’Autriche_ 5.
_Quetsche Datte_ 5. _Quetsche de Hongrie_ 5. White Date 2. White Date
Plum 1. Yellow Date 2.
During the four centuries in which this variety has been cultivated in
Europe numerous strains have arisen which have been designated by the
general term Dattelpflaumen. The group is characterized by roundish or
oval fruits, yellow or greenish in color, sometimes marked with red
on the sunny side; flesh yellow, soft; poor in quality; clingstone;
mid-season or later. The original variety is probably obsolete.
=Datilles.= Domestica. =1.= Quintinye _Com. Gard._ 68, 70. 1699.
Little Date 1. _Little Date_ 1.
A long-shaped red plum, mentioned by Quintinye, which has either
disappeared or is now grown under a different name.
=Datte Hongroise Jaune.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427. 1889.
=2.= _Guide Prat._ 159, 354. 1895.
This variety was sent into France by M. Bereczki Mate, of Hungary. The
tree is vigorous, productive; fruit large, long, greenish-yellow dotted
with red; flesh greenish-yellow, juicy; good; mid-season.
=Dauphine.= Domestica. =1.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ =1=:1846.
Prune Dauphine 1.
Poiteau says, “Duhamel regarded as synonyms the names Reine Claude and
Dauphine. Since then a new plum has been shown, and I know not who named
it Dauphine; but it is under this name that it has been introduced and
cultivated in the nursery of the Jardin des Plantes and of Luxembourg.”
=Davenport.= Americana. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:268. 1900. =2.=
Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 295. 1903.
A seedling grown by N. K. Fluke, Davenport, Iowa, from seed of De Soto.
Fruit medium in size, oval, sometimes conical; suture a line; skin
smooth, clear yellow with pink blush on the sunny side; flesh yellow,
firm, sugary; very good; freestone.
=Davies Seedling.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 146.
1831.
Davies’ Seedling.
=Davis.= Munsoniana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:35. 1897. =2.= Terry
_Cat._ 1900.
A variety grown from seed of Wild Goose in 1885 by H. A. Terry, Crescent,
Iowa. Tree low, spreading, vigorous and productive; fruit large, bright
red; quality fair.
=Dawson.= Species? =1.= _Gard. Mon._ =17=:144. 1875.
At one time a profitable variety grown on the banks of the Ohio.
=Dawson City.= Nigra? =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 426. 1900.
A seedling raised at Indian Head Experimental Farm, Northwest Territory,
Canada. Fruit of medium size.
=Dean.= Domestica. =1.= McIntosh _Bk. Gard._ =2=:530. 1855.
Dean’s Jedburgh Seedling 1.
A seedling grown at Dean’s nursery, Jedburgh, England. Fruit of medium
size, round, purple; freestone; adapted for dessert or kitchen;
mid-season.
=Deaton.= Domestica. =1.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._ =46=:268. 1900. =2.=
Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 310. 1903.
_Tobe’s Gage_ 2.
Grown from a sprout of Reine Claude planted near Des Moines; introduced
by J. Wragg & Sons, Waukee, Iowa. Fruit medium in size, oval, truncate;
suture broad and shallow; skin greenish-yellow; dots small, numerous;
bloom thin; flesh greenish, firm, juicy; good; clingstone.
=Deck.= Insititia. =1.= Wild Bros. _Cat._ 1908-09.
Decks Damson 1.
An improved strain of Damson introduced by Wild Brothers, Sarcoxie,
Missouri.
=Decker.= Hortulana mineri. =1.= _Minn. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 401. 1896. =2.=
Waugh _Plum Cult._ 172. 1901.
Decker’s Late Seedling 1. _Decker’s Seedling_ 2.
A seedling raised about 1885 by H. C. Decker of Dresbach, Minnesota,
from pits of a variety substituted for German Prune; introduced by W. S.
Widmoyer of the same place about 1897. Fruit medium to large, conical;
suture distinct; red; dots many, yellowish; flesh yellow; flavor rich;
nearly free; mid-season.
=Deep Creek.= Americana. =1.= _Mich. Board Agr. Rpt._ 111. 1887. =2.=
_Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:37, 86. 1892. =3.= _Ohio Sta. Bul._ =162=:254,
255. 1905.
Deepcreek 3.
Found growing wild in Kansas; introduced by Abner Allen. Tree slow
and irregular in growth; branches thorny; fruit of medium size,
roundish-oval, compressed; suture distinct; cavity small; stem short;
dull red; skin thick; flesh yellow, firm, sweet; good; stone rough,
pointed, free; mid-season; of little value.
=De Delice.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 360. 1857. =2.=
_Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d Ser. =3=:55. 1900.
_Prune de Délices_ 2.
Tree vigorous and productive; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture
small; green, marbled and shaded with violet; bloom thin; flesh orange
yellow, juicy, sugary, luscious; slightly clinging; late.
=Defresne.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427. 1889. =2.= _Guide
Prat._ 158, 354. 1895.
A Belgian variety both vigorous and productive; fruit large, long,
purplish; flesh greenish; good; mid-season.
=De Gondin.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:91. 1873.
Grown by M. Vaubernier of Laval, Mayenne, and introduced in 1862 by
M. M. Bruant & Company, nurserymen at Poiters, France. Tree vigorous,
productive; fruit very large, roundish; suture disappearing at maturity;
dark purple; bloom thin; flesh yellow, tender, juicy; freestone.
=De la Toussaint.= Species? =1.= _Guide Prat._ 162, 354. 1895.
A very late and long keeping variety.
=Delaware.= Triflora. =1.= Burbank _Cat._ 18. 1893. =2.= _Rural N. Y._
=59=:642. 1900. =3.= _Ibid._ =60=:694. 1901. =4.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 134.
1901.
Burbank produced this variety by crossing Satsuma with Kelsey; first
offered for sale in 1893; disseminated in the East by J. L. Childs,
Floral Park, New York. Tree semi-dwarf, productive but comes into bearing
late; fruit of medium size, roundish-conical, dark purple, with thick
bloom; flesh red, juicy, sweet and rich; good; stone clinging; mid-season.
=De l’Inde.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =6=:561. 1851.
Described by Baptiste Desportes of Angers, France, in 1851. Tree
vigorous; branches long, upright; fruit large, obovate, violet-reddish;
dots gray and blue; flesh reddish-yellow, firm, juicy, melting; quality
fair.
=De Montfort.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort_. =12=:341. 1846. =2.= _Pom.
France_ =2=: No. 3. 1871. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 713. 1884. =4.= Lucas
_Vollst. Hand. Obst._ 470. 1894.
_Montfort Pflaume_ 4. Prune de Montfort 2.
Originated in the nurseries of Madame Ebert, Montfortin, France; named
and introduced by M. Prevost, Rouen, France. Tree vigorous, spreading,
productive; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture distinct; cavity
shallow; dark purple, with russet dots; flesh green, juicy, sweet, rich;
good; freestone; mid-season. Mentioned in the American Pomological
Society’s Catalog from 1877-1897.
=De Montmirail.= Domestica? =1.= _Guide Prat._ 158, 354. 1895.
Tree of moderate vigor, productive; fruit medium in size, long-oval;
yellow lightly blushed with red; flesh yellow; good; early.
=Denbigh.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 147. 1831. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 357. 1866. =3.= Gaucher _Pom. Prak. Obst._ No. 92. 1894.
=4.= Bartrum _Pears and Plums_, 65, 71. 1903.
_Cox’s Emperor_ 2, 3. Cox’s Emperor 4. _Denbigk_ 3. _Denbigh-Pflaume_ 3.
_Denbigh Seedling_ 4. Emperor 1. _Jemmy Moore_ 4.
Tree vigorous, productive; fruit large, roundish-oval, bright red to
reddish-brown; flesh golden-yellow, sweet, melting, pleasant flavor;
freestone; mid-season.
=Dennis.= Americana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:79. 1892. =2.= _Ia.
Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 276. 1893. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 147. 1901.
Dr. Dennis 1, 2. _Dr. Dennis_ 3.
Originated with H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, supposedly from seed of
Hawkeye; first fruited in 1891. Fruit round to slightly oblong, medium in
size; suture a line; bright red; dots many, minute, white; flesh yellow;
good; clingstone; early.
=Dennis Seedling No. 13.= Hortulana mineri.
Grown at the Iowa Experiment Station. The fruit is of medium size,
roundish, dark red; dots conspicuous; suture a line; skin thick, tough;
flesh firm, juicy, tender, sweetish; good; clingstone; mid-season.
=Denniston Red.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 296. 1845. =2.=
_Mag. Hort._ =13=:532. 1847. =3.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 337. 1849.
=4.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:133. 1866-73. =5.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427. 1889.
Denniston’s Red 1. _Denniston’s Red_ 5. _Dennison’s Red_ 5. Denniston’s
Rote Pflaume 5. _Rouge de Denniston_ 4, 5.
Grown by Isaac Denniston of Albany, New York. The parentage is not
known but Thomas thinks it is a seedling of Lombard. Fruit large,
roundish-oval; suture distinct; cavity small; light red with yellow dots;
bloom thin; flesh amber, juicy, rich, sprightly; good; stone small, oval,
compressed, free; mid-season.
=Denniston Superb.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 275. 1845.
=2.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:121. 1866-73. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427.
1889. =4.= Bartrum _Pears and Plums_ 63. 1903.
_Dennison’s Superb_ 3. _Denniston’s Superb_ 2. Denniston’s Superb Gage 4.
_Madison_ 3. Superbe de Denniston 2, 3.
Grown by Isaac Denniston, Albany, New York, about 1835 or 1840. Fruit
round, larger than Reine Claude of which it is probably a seedling,
slightly flattened; suture distinct; cavity shallow; stem of medium
length; pale yellow, blotched with red; bloom thin; flesh thick, meaty,
moderately juicy, with a rich, vinous flavor; very good; stone small,
roundish, thick, free; mid-season; catalogued by the American Pomological
Society from 1877 to 1899.
=D’Ente Imperiale.= Domestica. =1.= _Guide Prat._ 160, 355. 1895.
A variety closely resembling the Agen except that it is more vigorous in
tree growth.
=Denton.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Gard. Mon._ =13=:279. 1871.
A variety introduced many years ago by J. W. Kerr; it closely resembles
Yellow Transparent, but is a much smaller tree.
=Derbyshire Green Gage.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._
148. 1831.
=Deron.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 146. 1831.
Deron’s.
=De Seigneur.= Species? =1.= _Guide Prat._ 161, 355. 1895.
_De Prince_ (_en Lorraine_) 1.
Tree productive; fruit small, roundish, bluish; bloom heavy; flesh green,
fine-grained, juicy, sweet; good; late.
=Des Moines.= Americana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._
147. 1901.
Originated in Iowa. Fruit small, round-oval; suture a line; dull red
over yellow; dots many, minute; flesh yellow; quality poor; stone small,
semi-free; mid-season.
=Dewey.= Americana. =1.= Terry _Cat._ 1900. =2.= _Ill. Hort. Soc. Rpt._
136. 1903.
Admiral Dewey 1, 2.
A seedling of De Soto grown by H. A. Terry of Crescent, Iowa. Fruit
large, round, dark red on an orange ground; clingstone; tree productive.
=Diademe Imperial-Isabelle.= Domestica? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._
427. 1889.
=Diamond.= Americana. =1.= _Neb. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 121. 1890.
A seedling grown by John A. Hogg, Shelton, Nebraska, about 1880 from pits
of a wild plum found in Buffalo County, Nebraska. According to Mr. Hogg,
the variety “grows fully as large as most of the tame varieties; ripens
the last of September and when fully ripe gets bright red on one side.”
=Diana.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:35. 1897. =2.= _Ia. Sta.
Bul._ =46=:268. 1900.
A plum of the Van Buren type grown from a seed of Hawkeye by H. A.
Terry, Crescent, Iowa; first fruited in 1893. Tree large, vigorous,
upright-spreading; fruit truncate, conical or oval; suture distinct;
cavity small, shallow; stem short, stout; yellow, washed and spotted with
purple-red; dots indistinct; bloom thin; skin thick and tough; flesh
yellow, meaty, sweet and rich; good; stone large, flat, oval, clinging;
mid-season.
=Diapree Blanche.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 578. 1629. =2.=
Langley _Pomona_ 95, Pl. XXIV fig. IV. 1729. =3.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb.
Fr._ =2=:104, Pl. XX fig. 11. 1768. =4.= Kraft _Pom. Aust._ =2=:44, Tab.
198 fig. 2. 1796. =5.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:500. 1860. =6.=
Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 405. 1881.
_Diaper’d Plumb_ 2. _Diaprée Blanche_ 4. Diaprée Weisse 6. Die Weisse
Buntfarbige Pflaume 4. Prune Diaprée Blanche 5. White Diapred 1. Yellow
Diaprée 2.
This plum has been mentioned by European writers for three centuries.
Fruit of medium size, roundish; suture a line; cavity nearly lacking;
skin tough; yellow; bloom thin; flesh firm, yellow, sweet, rich; quality
good; mid-season.
=Diapree Nouvelle De Kook.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:155.
1873. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 438. 1889.
_Kook’s Gelbe Diaprée_ 2. _Kooks Neue Diapre_ 1. Kook’s Neue Diaprée 2.
This plum originated as a second generation seedling with a Mr. Kook of
New Brauenfels, Texas, and was named by Liegel to whom he submitted the
variety. The fruit is small, oval; cavity small; skin clear yellow; flesh
yellow, tender, aromatic; quality good; stone free; season early.
=Dictator.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =6=:92. 1840. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 403. 1857. =3.= _Montreal Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 55. 1878.
Corse’s Dictator 3.
A seedling raised by Henry Corse of Montreal about 1834. Tree hardy,
vigorous; fruit large, brownish-purple; flesh juicy, rich; good; stone
small.
=Diel Grosse Weisse Damascene.= Insititia? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427.
1889.
_Ak Erik_ 1. _Al Erik_ 1. _Dschau Erik_ 1. _Frühe Weisse
Aprikosenpflaume_ 1. _Gros-Damas Blanc._
Mentioned without description in the preceding reference.
=Dine.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576. 1629.
Fruit large, white; dots numerous; late.
=Dittisham.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 146. 1831.
Mentioned as cultivated in the London Horticultural Society Gardens.
=Dixie.= Triflora. =1.= _Horticultural Gleaner_ 1899.
Grown about 1894 in the vicinity of Whitesville, Georgia, from seed of
Burbank, open to cross pollination. Fruit the size of Burbank, bright
red; flesh juicy; good; late.
=Dixie.= Triflora. =1.= Hood _Cat._ 1906.
An early Triflora variety.
=Dochnahl Damascene.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 444.
1881. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427. 1889.
_Dochnahl’s Königs Pflaume_ 2.
As tested in Germany, very unproductive.
=Dojene.= Domestica. =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:57. 1771.
Origin unknown. Tree productive; fruit large, oval; yellow; flesh watery;
poor; stone clinging.
=Dollaner.= Domestica. =1.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 445. 1881. =2.=
Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427. 1889.
Dollaner Zwetsche 2. _Quetsche de Dollan_ 2.
A variety imported from France by the United States Department of
Agriculture. Reported by Oberdieck as “a prune which has borne little
fruit since 1856.”
=Domina.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427. 1889.
_Domino_ 1.
Reference found by Mathieu in _Monatsschrift für Pomologie_ 7. 1858.
=Domine Dull.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 146. 1831. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 296. 1845. =3.= Floy-Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._
302, 383. 1846.
Domine Dull’s 1. Domine Dull’s Plum 3. _Dutch Prune_ 2. _Dutch Quetszen_
2, 3. _German Prune_ 2, 3.
Mr. Dull, a Dutch domine, brought a prune seed from Holland and planted
it in Kingston, New York. From this seed sprang the Domine Dull, a
variety often confused with the German Prune. Fruit of medium size,
long-oval; suture slight; stem long; cavity small; dark purple; bloom
thin; flesh yellow, juicy, rich, sweet; good; clingstone; late. Mentioned
in the Catalog of the American Pomological Society in 1867.
=Don.= Americana mollis. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ =43=:30. 1903.
A seedling of Wolf raised at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. Fruit
large, roundish; suture a line; uniformly bright red; dots numerous,
small, distinct; bloom moderate; flesh deep yellow, juicy; sweet, rich;
good; stone of medium size, oval, clinging; late.
=Don Alteza.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 576. 1629.
According to Parkinson “a very good sort.”
=Don Carlos.= Domestica. Mentioned in Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 21. 1803.
Don Carlos’.
=Dora.= Triflora × Munsoniana. =1.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._ =14=:270. 1901.
A seedling from A. L. Bruce, Texas, said to be a cross between Abundance
and Wild Goose. Fruit medium to large, cordate; suture faint; skin
tender, bright red; dots minute; bloom heavy; flesh yellow, firm, sweet,
rich; good; stone small, oval, clinging.
=Doree.= Domestica. =1.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:145. 1866-73.
D’Agen Dorée 1.
Found by Léo d’Ounous in an orchard planted by his father in Ariége,
France; published for the first time by Mas in _Le Verger_. Tree
vigorous; fruit medium, ovoid; suture shallow; skin tender, not adherent,
golden-yellow tinged with rose-violet; stem slender, rather short; cavity
shallow; flesh yellow, fine, juicy, very agreeably aromatic.
=Dorell.= Domestica. =1.= Downing Fr. _Trees Am._ 393. 1857. =2.= _Ann.
Pom. Belge_ =8=:35, Pl. 1860. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 374. 1866. =4.= Mas
_Pom. Gen._ =2=:27. 1873. =5.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 409. 1881.
=6.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427. 1889. =7.= Lucas _Vollst. Hand. Obst._ 473.
1894.
_Dorrel_ 2. _Dorells Grosse Zwetsche_ 4. _Dorelle’s Neue Grosse Zwetsche_
3, 6. Dorell’s Neue Purpurzwetsche 5. _Dorelle’s New Purple Prune_ 6.
_Dorells Neue Grosse Zwetsche_ 4, 6. Dorells grosse neue Zwetsche 7.
Grosse Quetsche De Dorell 4. _Grosse Quetsche Nouvelle_ 6. Nouvelle de
Dorelle 3. _Nouvelle De Dorrel_ 6. _Nouveau De Dorrelle_ 6. Prune Grosse
Quetsche Nouvelle 2. _Prune nouvelle de Dorrel_ 2. _Quetsche De Dorelle_
6. Quetsche De Dorelle Nouvelle Grand 1. _Quetsche Grosse Nouvelle De
Dorrel_ 6. _Quetsche De Dorelle Nouvelle Grande_ 6.
A seedling raised by Dr. Dorell, of Kuttenberg, Bohemia. Tree vigorous,
productive; fruit large, oval; suture wide but shallow; cavity small;
stem smooth, reddish; skin reddish-violet, marked with numerous russet
dots; flesh yellowish, juicy, sweet, aromatic, agreeable; good for
drying; late mid-season.
=Dorell Aprikosenpflaume.= Species? Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 427.
1889.
_Abricotée Nouvelle de Dörell._ _Dorell’s Neue Aprikosen Pflaume._
_Mirabelle de Doerell._
=Doris.= Species? =1.= Watkins & Bros. _Cat._ 20. 1897-8. =2.= _Vt. Sta.
An. Rpt._ =14=:271. 1901. =3.= _Mass. Sta. An. Rpt._ =17=:161. 1905.
A variety of doubtful parentage from Burbank; introduced by Stark
Brothers in 1895. Fruit small, roundish-oblate; suture faint; light red;
dots numerous; flesh yellow, watery; quality poor.
=Dorr.= Domestica. =1.= _Cultivator_ =8=:346. 1851. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 909. 1869.
Dorr’s Favorite 1, 2.
A Reine Claude seedling grown by either Isaac Denniston or Elisha Dorr,
both of Albany, New York. Fruit large, oval; suture broad; cavity small;
apex sunken; yellow with red dots; bloom thin; flesh yellow, coarse,
juicy; good; clingstone; late.
=Dorr Seedling.= Domestica. =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 428. 1889.
_Semis de Dorr_ 1.
This may be identical with Dorr.
=Dorsett.= Munsoniana. =1.= Meneray _Cat._
A chance seedling from H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa; introduced by F. W.
Meneray of Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, yellow blotched with red;
skin thin; good; clingstone; early.
=Dosch.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 150. 1895. =2.= _Oregon
Sta. Bul._ =40=:73. 1896. =3.= _Ibid._ =45=:30. 1897. 4. Washington
_Cat._ 22. 1906. =5.= _Chico Nur. Co. Cat._ 25. 1909. =6.= _Oregon Cat._
35. 1906.
The Dosch 2.
The Dosch prune grew on the farm of Henry E. Dosch, Hillsdale, Oregon,
from a sprout below the union on a Washington plum tree grafted on plum
roots. Tree vigorous, round-topped, prolific, similar to Italian; fruit
large, roundish-oval; apex flattened, base acute; suture shallow; stem
medium; skin firm; dark purple; flesh greenish, firm, sweet; good;
freestone.
=Double.= Domestica. =1.= Knoop _Fructologie_ =2=:60. 1771.
_Prune de Double_ 1.
Double differs from Paisin Blanche in that it is a little larger, less
yellow in color, and poorer in flavor.
=Double Plum.= Domestica. 1. _Can. Hort._ =16=:193 fig. 541. 1893.
A novelty growing in the gardens of Chernigow, Russia, in which the fruit
consists of two plums joined together, but easily separated at maturity;
fruit bluish-red, sometimes yellow; flesh orange colored, sweet, juicy;
quality fair; two stones, clinging.
=Dougall Best.= Domestica. =1.= _Rural N. Y._ =43=:779. 1884.
Dougall’s Best 1.
A chance seedling raised by James Dougall of Windsor, Canada. Tree
productive; fruit oblong, tapering to the stalk; suture distinct; clear
yellow, touched with carmine toward the sun; good; stone partially free.
=Douglass.= Americana. =1.= Meneray _Cat._
Grown by H. A. Terry, Crescent, Iowa, from seed of Harrison; introduced
by F. W. Meneray, Council Bluffs, Iowa. Fruit large, oblong, yellow
blushed with red; flesh yellow, sweet, rich, firm; semi-clinging.
=Dove Bank.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 358. 1866. =2.= _Garden_
=53=:265. 1898.
_Caledonian_ 2 incor.
Hogg could see no difference between this variety and the Goliath, but
H. A. Pearson in the _Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society_, for
1897, says that they are distinct. Pearson adds, further; “The true
variety was grown and distributed by Spencer, of Ilkeston, ... and is
said to have been found growing on the banks of the Derbyshire Dove; it
differs from Caledonian (Goliath) in growth, and whereas the leaf glands
of that variety are well developed and red in color, Dove Bank has small
ill-developed glands of a pale color; with regard to the fruit there is
no comparison between the two. Caledonian is a somewhat coarse cooking
plum. Dove Bank is a splendid cooking plum, and good enough for dessert.”
=Downing Early.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 910. 1869.
Downing’s Early 1.
Originated at Newburgh, New York. Tree moderately vigorous; branches
short-jointed; fruit medium, oval, yellow with slight blush, and crimson
dots; flesh yellow, sweet, slightly adherent to the stone; good;
mid-season.
=Downton Imperatrice.= Domestica. =1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 259. 1832.
=2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 274. 1845. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 358. 1866.
=4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 428. 1889.
_Downton Impératrice_ 4. Downton’s Kaiserin 4. _Downtoner Kaiserin_ 4.
Grown by the famous horticulturist, Thomas A. Knight, from pits produced
by pollinating Yellow Egg with Blue Imperatrice. Fruit medium, oval;
suture slightly marked; skin thin, tender, pale yellow; flesh yellow,
juicy, melting, agreeably subacid; good for preserving; stone clinging;
late.
=Drake Seedling.= Domestica. =1.= _Can. Hort._ =24=:406. 1901.
Drake’s Seedling 1.
A seedling raised in the orchard of George Drake, Clarksburg, Ontario.
Skin yellow, dull red on the sunny side; flesh yellow; a good cooking
plum.
=Drouth King.= Munsoniana. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1894. =2.= Waugh _Plum Cult._
194. 1901.
Of unknown origin. Fruit small, oval, bright red; dots many, conspicuous;
flesh yellow; good; stone of medium size, oval, clinging; mid-season.
=Dr. Uff.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =118=:51. 1895. =2.= _Mich.
Sta. Sp. Bul._ =27=:14. 1904.
Imported by the United States Department of Agriculture from Hungary.
Fruit medium to large, roundish-ovate, dark purple; bloom light; flesh
medium firm, juicy, yellow; good; clingstone; early.
=Dr. Uff Szilvaja.= Domestica. =1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =152=:209. 1898.
Imported from Hungary as Dr. Uff but it differs markedly from this
variety. Fruit small to medium, roundish-oblong; skin greenish-yellow
with a faint red tinge; stem one-half inch long; flesh greenish-yellow,
tender, juicy, sweet, rich; good; freestone.
=Dry Seedling.= Domestica. =1.= _Gard. Chron._ =29=:898. 1869. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 698. 1884. =3.= _Can. Exp. Farm Bul._ 2d. Ser. =3=:51. 1900.
=4.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 428. 1889.
Dry’s Seedling 1, 2. _Semis de Dry_ 2.
A seedling raised by a Mr. Dry, at Hayes, Middlesex, England; awarded a
first class certificate by the Royal Horticultural Society in 1869. Fruit
large, roundish-oval; suture slight; reddish-purple; bloom thin; flesh
dull greenish-yellow, firm yet juicy; freestone; early.
=Duke.= Munsoniana ×? =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1900. =2.= _Vt. Sta. An. Rpt._
=14=:271. 1901.
A supposed cross between Pottawattamie and the Duke Cherry, originating
with Theodore Williams, Nebraska. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit
larger than Wild Goose, of nearly the same form; cavity narrow, deep;
suture a line; bright red; flesh yellow, firm, mild subacid; clingstone;
mid-season. Waugh states that this variety resembles a Wild Goose crossed
with an Americana and that he is unable to detect any cherry characters.
=Duke of Devonshire.= Domestica. Mentioned in _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._
146. 1831.
=Duke of Edinburgh.= Domestica. =1.= _Jour. Hort._ =21=:216. 1869. =2.=
_Flor. & Pom._ =7=:193. 1871. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 698. 1884. =4.=
Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 428. 1889. _Duc d’Edinbourg_ 4.
A variety raised by a Mr. Dry, Hayes, Middlesex, England. Fruit large,
roundish-obovate; suture shallow; skin thin, light purple; flesh
reddish-yellow, juicy, richly flavored; freestone; good culinary plum.
=Dumberline.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 146. 1831.
A variety under test in the London Horticultural Society Gardens in 1831.
=Dummer.= Domestica. =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 698. 1884.
Raised in 1837 by a Mr. Dummer at Canterbury, England. Fruit large, red;
like Red Magnum Bonum.
=Dumiron.= Domestica. =1.= _Cal. Nurs. Co. Cat._ 11. 1897.
Imported from Transon Bros., Orleans, France, by the late John Rock of
California; not introduced.
=Dunkelblaue Kaiserin.= Domestica. Mentioned in Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 428.
1889.
_Violette Kaiserin_ incor.
=Dunlap.= Hortulana. =1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:79. 1892. =2.= _Wis.
Sta. Bul._ =63=:36. 1897. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 185. 1901.
Dunlap No. 2 3. Dunlap’s No. 2 2.
Originated and introduced by J. P. Dunlap of Nebraska. Fruit large,
oval; cavity shallow; suture a line; surface smooth, glossy, bright
red; dots many; bloom thin; flesh yellow, soft, juicy, sweet, rich;
good; clingstone; mid-season; reported in the catalog of the American
Pomological Society for 1899.
=Dunlap No. 1.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:36. 1897. =2.=
_Ibid._ =87=:13. 1900. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 148. 1901.
Dunlap 2. Dunlap (No. 1) 3. Dunlap’s No. 1 1.
Another variety produced by J. P. Dunlap of Nebraska. Fruit medium
in size, oblong; suture a line; greenish-yellow covered with dull
purplish-red; bloom heavy; flesh tender, juicy, rich, sweet; freestone.
=Dunlop Nut.= Americana. =1.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 305. 1893.
A hardy variety tested at the Experimental Farm at Ottawa.
=Dunmore.= Domestica. =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:163. 1843. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 380. 1857. =3.= Hogg _Fr. Man._ 359. 1866. =4.= Mathieu _Nom.
Pom._ 428. 1889.
_Dunmore_ 4.
Fruit medium in size, oval; skin thick, greenish-yellow becoming golden;
stem half an inch long; flesh yellow, tender, juicy, sweet; good;
freestone; late.
=Durazen Zwetsche.= Domestica? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 428. 1889.
Reference taken by Mathieu from the _Pomologische Monatshefte_ 2. 1882.
=Eagle.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 1902-3. =2.= _Ohio Sta.
Bul._ =162=:254, 255. 1905.
Originated in Texas; tree low, spreading; fruit of medium size, round;
suture slight; skin light red; flesh yellow; good; stone clinging; early.
=Early.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1887.
_Skorospielka_ 1.
From Russia.
=Early Amber.= Domestica. =1.= Forsyth _Treat. Fr. Trees_ 21. 1803. =2.=
Floy-Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._ 297. 1846.
Fruit small, roundish-oblong, pale greenish-yellow with crimson specks;
flesh greenish-yellow, juicy; stone clinging; early.
=Early Apricot.= Domestica. =1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:70. 1832. =2.=
Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:21. 1873. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 430. 1889.
_Abricotée Hâtive_ 1, 3. Abricotée Hâtive 2. _Abricote Hâtif_ 1.
_Abricotée Précoce_ 3. Early Apricot Plum 1. _Frühe Aprikosenpflaume_ 2.
Frühe Aprikosenpflaume 3. _Oberdiecks Frühe Aprikosenpflaume_ 2, 3.
The fruit of Early Apricot is small, roundish; suture shallow; cavity
distinct; pale red, darker in the sun; dots small, numerous; flesh
yellowish-green, slightly juicy, firm; quality fair; clingstone; season
early.
=Early Blue.= Domestica. =1.= _Ont. Fr. Growers Assoc._ 87. 1896. =2.=
_Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 52. 1897.
A Domestica of American origin. Fruit the size of Lombard; very early.
=Early Blue.= Domestica. =1.= Miller _Gard. Dict._ =2.= 1807. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 899. 1869. =3.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:13. 1873.
=4.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 698. 1884.
Azure Hâtive 3. _Azure Hâtive_ 2, 4. _Black Perdrigon_ 2, 4. _Blue Gage_
3, 4. Blue Gage 1, 2. _Cooper’s Blue Gage_ 2, 4. _Early Blue_ 3. _Little
Blue Gage_ 2.
An old European variety; rejected by the American Pomological Society in
1858. Fruit of medium size, roundish, dark purple; flesh greenish-yellow,
juicy; flavor brisk and rich; freestone; early.
=Early Cherry.= Cerasifera ×? =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 21. 1897.
From California; fruit small, round, red; clingstone; early.
=Early Cluster.= Species? =1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 428. 1889. =2.= _Guide
Prat._ 163, 355. 1895.
Mentioned in the preceding references.
=Early Cross.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 380. 1857.
Originated with a Mr. Cross, Salem, Massachusetts. Tree vigorous,
productive; fruit below medium, roundish, reddish-purple; bloom thick;
flesh greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet; clingstone; early.
=Early Favorite.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 314. 1845. =2.=
Elliott _Fr. Book_ 419. 1854. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 395. 1857.
=4.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:11. 1866-73. =5.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 447. 1889.
=6.= _Guide Prat._ 152, 356. 1895. =7.= _Rev. Hort._ 548, Pl. 1909.
_Early Favorite_ 4, 5, 6. _Early Favourite_ 6. Early Favourite 4.
_Favorite Hâtive_ 7. _Favorite Précoce_ 4, 5, 7. Favorite Précoce 6.
_Favorite Précoce de Rivers_ 5, 6. _Précoce de Rivers_ 5. Prune Early
Favorite 7. _Rivers Early_ 5, 6. _Rivers Early Favorite_ 5. _River’s
Early Favourite_ 5, 6. River’s Early Favourite 3. River’s Early No. 1 1.
_River’s Early No. 1_ 2. Rivers Früh Pflaume 5. _Rivers Frühpflaume_ 6.
_River’s No. 1_ 3, 5.
A seedling of Précoce de Tours raised by Thomas Rivers, Sawbridgeworth,
England, about 1834. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit small,
roundish-oval; suture shallow; bluish-black; dots russet; flesh
greenish-yellow, juicy, sweet; good; freestone; very early. Mentioned in
the catalog of the American Pomological Society from 1852 to 1891.
=Early Genesee.= Domestica. =1.= _Gen. Farmer_ =9=:232. 1848.
Originated in Brighton, Monroe County, New York. Fruit of medium size,
long-ovate, golden-yellow; very early.
=Early Golden Drop.= Domestica. =1.= Wickson _Cal. Fruits_ 352. 1891.
=2.= _Cal. Nur. Cat._ 1898.
Early Golden 2.
“Small, bright yellow, sugary and rich; pit free; ripens early.”
=Early Honey.= Angustifolia varians. 1. _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =38=:79. 1892.
2. Waugh _Plum Cult._ 195. 1901.
From Grayson County, Texas.
=Early Mirabelle.= Insititia. =1.= _Hogg Fruit Man._ 360, 376. 1866. =2.=
_Mas Le Verger_ =6=:1. 1866-73. =3.= Oberdieck _Deut. Obst. Sort._ 410.
1881. =4.= _Guide Prat._ 152, 360. 1895.
Frühe von Bergthold 3. _Mirabelle Précoce_ 1. Mirabelle Précoce 4,
5. Précoce de Bergthold 1, 2. _Mirabelle de Berthold_ 4. _Précoce de
Bergthold_ 4.
Thought to be of English origin; first noted by Hogg. Resembles the
Mirabelle very closely, with which it is confused. Tree medium in
vigor, very productive; shoots downy; fruit small, nearly round; suture
indistinct; skin pale yellow, specked with red on the sunny side; flesh
yellowish, sweet, juicy, agreeably aromatic; freestone; early.
=Early Minnesota.= Americana. =1.= _Wis. Sta. Bul._ =63=:36. 1897. =2.= _S.
Dak. Sta. Bul._ =93=:17. 1905.
Found wild by Joseph Wood of Windom, Minnesota. Tree low, spreading,
hardy, very productive; fruit small, round, yellowish-red; flesh sweet,
juicy; stone free; very early.
=Early Normandy.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =30=:256. 1875. =2.= _Le
Bon Jard._ 340. 1882.
_Normande précoce_ 2.
Noted in the Horticulturist as originating in France. Tree vigorous;
fruit as large as a Reine Claude, purple on the sunny side, light
flesh-colored on the shady side; bloom light; flesh greenish, fine and
melting, juicy, sweet; good; early.
=Early Pale.= Species? Letter from Burbank.
Originated with Luther Burbank and sold to Judge S. F. Lieb in 1897.
=Early Pear.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 577 fig. 1629. =2.=
Rea _Flora_ 209. 1676.
_Prunum Pyrinum praecox_ 1.
An early strain of White Pear.
=Early Perdrigon.= Domestica. =1.= _Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat._ 151. 1831.
=2.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:65. 1832. =3.= Poiteau _Pom. Franc._ 1. 1846.
=4.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 375. 1866. =5.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 936. 1869.
=6.= Mas _Le Verger_ =6=:147. 1866-73. =7.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 431. 1889.
=8.= _Guide Prat._ 153, 361. 1895.
Früher Perdrigon 7. Früher Violetter Perdrigon 7. _Moyeu de Bourgogne_
?7, 8. Perdrigon hâtif 1. _Perdrigon hâtif_ 2, 7, 8. _Perdrigon hâtive_
2. Perdrigon Violet Hâtif 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Prune Perdrigon hâtif 3. _Prunus
Calvellana_ 3.
There are two plums known under this name. Both are small, oval, purplish
and are covered with a thick bloom. One, however, which seems to have
been earliest known, is sweet, rich and of very good quality, ripening
about the middle of August. The second variety was named by Calvel. It
is vastly inferior in quality to the first and ripens in July. Neither
variety is well known in America.
=Early Red.= Angustifolia varians. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 160, 162.
1881. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =80=:62. 1892. =3.= Waugh _Plum Cult._ 195.
1901.
Grown by G. Onderdonk of Mission Valley, Victoria County, Texas;
introduced by the originator in 1879. Fruit small, roundish; cavity
large; suture lacking; red; dots few, white; skin thin; flesh soft,
yellow, sprightly; quality fair; clingstone; early.
=Early Red.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1887. =2.= _Ia.
Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1890. =3.= _Can. Exp. Farm. Bul._ =43=:33. 1903.
=4.= Budd-Hansen _Am. Hort. Man._ 310. 1903.
Early Red Russian 3. _Early Red Russian No. 3_ 3. _Krasnaya
Skorospielkaya_ 1. _Mixed Arab_ 2, 3. _No. 3_ 2.
Early Red was imported by J. L. Budd from Dr. Regel, St. Petersburg,
Russia, in the winter of 1881-82. The following season it was
disseminated with a mixed lot of varieties, all of which became badly
confused. Fruit large, oval; cavity small; suture shallow; dark red;
bloom thick; dots white; flesh firm, meaty; quality fair; clingstone;
early.
=Early Royal of Nikita.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 380.
1857. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =2=:25 fig. 13. 1873. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._
429, 430, 441, 449. 1889.
_Early Royal of Nikita_ 3. _Frühe Königspflaume Pflaume von Nikita_
3. _Frühe Nikitaer Königspflaume_ 3. _Nikitaner Frühe Königspflaume_
2. Nikitaer Frühe Königspflaume 3. _Nikita’s Frühe Königs Pflaume_ 3.
_Royale Hâtive de Nikita_ 3. _Royal Hâtive de Nikita_ 3. Royale Hâtive de
Nikita 2.
According to Mas this variety originated in Nikita, Crimea. Fruit small,
roundish, reddish-purple; bloom thick; flesh yellow, sweet, juicy; good;
semi-clinging; early.
=Early St. John.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 912. 1869.
_Prune de St. Jean_ 1. _St. Jean_ 1. _St. John_ 1.
Tree vigorous; fruit medium in size, roundish-oblong, reddish-purple;
flesh green, sweet, sprightly; freestone; mid-season.
=Early Transparent Gage.= Domestica. =1.= _Jour. Hort._ N. S. =17=:286.
1869. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 722. 1884. =3.= _Guide Prat._ 153, 364.
1895. =4.= Rivers _Cat._ 34. 1898. =5.= Bartrum _Pears and Plums_ 63.
1902.
_Early Apricot_ 3. Early Transparent 4. _Early Transparent Gage_ 2, 3.
New Transparent Gage 1. _Reine-Claude Diaphane Hâtive_ 3. Rivers’ Early
Apricot 2. Rivers’ Early Transparent Gage 5.
This seedling of Transparent Gage was raised by Thomas Rivers,
Sawbridgeworth, England, in 1866. Tree hardy, productive, compact;
branchlets pubescent; fruit medium in size, roundish-oblate; suture
shallow; stem slender; yellowish-green, mottled with crimson; flesh
greenish-yellow, firm, juicy; quality high; freestone; early.
=Early Yellow Gage.= Domestica. =1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ App.
=2=:156. 1876.
Originated with Asahel Foote, Williamstown, Massachusetts. Tree vigorous,
upright, productive; fruit of medium size, roundish-oval; suture
shallow; cavity small; stem slender; pale yellow; bloom thin; flesh
greenish-yellow, rather coarse, juicy, sweet; semi-clinging; early.
=Early Yellow Prune.= Domestica. =1.= _Horticulturist_ =8=:536. 1853.
=2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 86. 1854.
Originated in Bedford County, Pennsylvania. Tree vigorous, prolific;
fruit medium, oval; skin yellow; very good; stone free.
=Eason.= Domestica. =1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 578. 1629.
Described by Parkinson as “small, red and well tasted.”
=Eberly.= Domestica. =1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1905.
Eberly’s Plum 1.
A seedling brought to notice by W. V. Eberly of the California Nursery
Company. Fruit large, oval; cavity small; yellow, occasionally slightly
russeted; dots numerous, silvery; flesh yellowish, translucent; sweet,
rich; good; stone long, flat, free; late.
=Ebon.= Cerasifera ×? =1.= Kerr _Cat._ 16. 1899.
Described by Kerr in 1899. Tree upright, with distinct foliage. Fruit
medium in size, round to round-oblong, very dark red; flesh red;
clingstone.
=Ecully.= Domestica. =1.= _Cat. Cong. Pom. France_ 364. 1887. =2.= _Guide
Prat._ 153, 364. 1895. =3.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 433. 1905.