C. V. D._Newark's Last Fifteen Years, 1904-1919. The Story in Outline

Newark: 1904-1919.

_All-Year School_: Established at Belmont Ave. and McKinley schools,

June 1, 1912. Each year's work divided into four 12 week terms instead

of two 20 week terms. Enables pupil to complete 8 grades' work in 6 years

instead of 8, as he ordinarily would. Attendance during summer term is

not compulsory.

_Almshouse_: New home for aged and infirm poor at Ivy Hill, beyond

Irvington, erected 1913-14 and opened Jan. 1916. Accommodates 400 to 500

people. Has farm of 70 acres so those who are able can work and help to

support themselves. Surveyed by Russell Sage Foundation, Dept. of Surveys

and Exhibits, 1918-19.

_Alternating Plan_: Introduced in Cleveland and Madison Schools, 1913.

Nov. 1915, Cleveland and Abington Ave. schools organized on complete plan

with daily vocational and recreational activities.

Essential feature consists in so co-ordinating work of two teachers that

each may make alternate use of classroom, court and auditorium. Makes for

economy in erection of buildings, since under the alternate plan, it is

possible to accommodate in any fully equipped building from 40% to 50%

more pupils than under the regular system. Broader curriculum with longer

school day. Modification of the "Wirt" system practiced in the schools of

Gary, Indiana.

_Apartment Houses_: City directory for 1906 lists apartment houses, 41,

separately for the first time; now over 300.

_Athletic Association, Public School_: Formed April 26, 1904.

_Athletic Field, Public School_: Bloomfield and Roseville Aves. Annual

meet held here for first time June, 1913.

_Automobiles_: N. J. Dept. of Motor Vehicles was established 1906 for

the registration and supervision of automobiles. Prior to that time this

work had been done in the secretary of state's office and originally

applications for car registrations were signed by the county clerk. In

1900, as far as the first records show, there were not more than 10 or 12

motor-drawn vehicles in the entire state. In 1918, the number registered

was 155,519 exclusive of motorcycles.

_Band Concerts_: First given, 1903, 25 in a year; appropriation, $3,000.

1918 appropriation, $5,000; 60 concerts; attended by 350,000 persons.

_Bank Buildings_: See Buildings.

_Baths, Public_: Public Bath Assoc. formed, 1907. By courtesy of Bd. of

Street and Water Commissioners undertook supervision of 3 old bath houses

on Summer Ave., Morris Ave., and Walnut St.

Bill passed N. J. Legislature, 1910, permitting Newark to issue bonds for

public baths, up to $250,000.

Site of Montgomery St. bath purchased and work begun, 1911. Opened, Sept.

1913. Cost, $100,000.

Placed under the control of Playground Commission, 1913.

Hamburg Pl. (now Wilson Ave.) bath opened, July, 1917.

Baths closed by order of Mayor on account of lack of coal, Dec. 10, 1917.

Re-opened by vote of Commission, Jan. 25, 1918.

_Birth Rate_:

_Population_ _Rate per Thousand_

1904 272,000 25.8

1905 283,000 25.1

1906 290,000 26.3

1907 300,000 27.9

1908 305,000 29.2

1909 311,000 30.8

1910 347,469 29.6

1911 352,000 30.9

1912 370,000 29.3

1913 380,000 29.4

1914 395,000 29.0

1915 375,000 29.2

1916 385,000 29.7

1917 405,000 30.4

1918 430,000 27.0

_Blind, Work for_: N. J. Commission for the Blind created by act of

Legislature, 1909, to supervise and encourage work for the blind. State

headquarters, originally established at 54 James St., Newark, now located

at 147 Summer Ave.

Here the Commission conducts classes in reading, writing, stenography,

typewriting, basketry, cane-seating, weaving, piano tuning, and other

manual arts. It also sends out teachers to instruct the adult blind in

their homes. First public school class for blind in Newark inaugurated,

Sept., 1910, in Washington St. School.

Under act of 1918, creating State Dept. of Charities and Corrections (now

Dept. of Institutions and Agencies), this Commission is given entire

charge of all state matters relating to the blind.

_Boy's Vocational School_: Opened April, 1910, in Warren St. School, at

Warren and Wickliffe Sts.

Building of new school, to be located on Sussex Ave., bet. 1st and 2nd

Sts., and known as the Seymour Vocational School, in honor of James M.

Seymour, Mayor of Newark, 1896-1903, has been postponed by war. Building

plans and curriculum will follow recommendations made by an Advisory

Committee to Bd. of Education (appointed Aug., 1916) in its survey,

Vocational Overview of Newark, New Jersey, which was prepared by Charles

H. Winslow.

_Buildings_: (This list is here entered to show how many municipal,

educational and notable commercial buildings have been erected within the

last few years.)

American Insurance Co., Park Place and E. Park St. Present building

completed Feb., 1904.

Merchants' National Bank, 770 Broad St., moved to new building Feb. 22,

1905.

New City Hall, Broad St., between Green and Franklin Sts., cornerstone

laid Aug. 5, 1903, formally opened Dec. 20, 1906. Cost $2,500,000.

New Court House, junction of Springfield Ave. and Market St., completed

1907. Cost $2,000,000.

Mutual Benefit Life Ins. Co.'s new building. Broad and Clinton Sts.,

completed 1908.

Firemen's Office Building, 16-story, at "Four Corners", completed 1910.

Ironbound Trust Co., Market and Ferry Sts. Present building opened July

25, 1910.

N. Y. Telephone Co., 281 Washington St. New building completed Nov. 1,

1910.

East Side High School, Van Buren St., bet. Warwick and Nichols Sts.,

opened March 1, 1911.

Broad St. Theatre, Broad St., opp. Central Ave. Opened under name of

Shubert Theater, Jan. 8, 1912.

Lehigh Valley Railroad Station, Meeker Ave., Weequahic Park section,

opened Jan. 27, 1912. Cost $60,000.

Central High School, High St., bet. New and Summit Sts., opened Feb. 1,

1912.

Essex Co. National Bank Building, 753 Broad St. Now occupied by Fidelity

Trust Co. Completed June, 1912.

National State Bank, Broad and Mechanic Sts. Present building completed

Oct. 1, 1912.

L. Bamberger & Co.'s Department Store, Market, Halsey and Washington

Sts., opened Oct. 15, 1912.

Kinney Office Building, 12-story, at "Four Corners", completed 1913.

New Board of Health Building, William and Plane Sts., completed 1913.

Young Women's Christian Association, 53 Washington St., completed 1913,

and dedicated Nov. 3, 1913.

Washington Trust Co., 477 Broad St., completed Sept. 1913.

South Side High School, Johnson Ave., cor. Alpine St., opened Sept. 8,

1913.

N. J. State Normal School, Belleville and 4th Aves., opened Sept. 16,

1913.

West Side Trust Co., Springfield Ave. and High St. Present building

opened July 1, 1914.

Public Service Terminal, Park Place, completed, 1916. Cost, $5,000,000.

Robert Treat Hotel, Park Place, named for founder of Newark. Completed

during the 250th Anniversary Celebration, May, 1916.

Federal Trust Co., 740 Broad St., adjoining Mutual Benefit Life Ins.

Co.'s building and erected by Mutual Benefit Life Ins. Co. Completed 1918.

Central Railroad of N. J. Station, South Broad St. Work begun on new

building, Nov., 1916; completed Feb., 1919. Total cost, including

property acquired, $650,000.

_Carteret Book Club_: Established for printing fine editions and study of

art of book making, Dec. 12, 1908. Published, 1917, a volume "Newark",

containing "a series of engravings on wood by Rudolph Ruzicka, with an

appreciation of the pictorial aspects of the town by Walter Prichard

Eaton". Limited edition of 200 copies printed by Merrymount Press, Boston.

_Catholic Children's Aid Association of N. J._: Organized 1904 and

headquarters established in Newark with paid agent. Proceeded to

withdraw children from Catholic institutions and to place them in private

Catholic homes. Instituted work to prevent separation of families

and placing of children in institutions, by prosecuting parents and

perpetuating homes. Headquarters now located at 776 Broad St.

_Charities_: Bur. of Associated Charities, organized 1882, reorganized

1904. Private organization, supported by voluntary contributions, but

with work so far-reaching and constructive that it has become a center

for co-operative effort among all charitable agencies in the city. Has

a visiting Housekeeper Department, Provident Savings Fund, General

Information Bureau and trained social workers to study causes and

conditions. In 1903-04 there were 239 contributors and contributions

amounting to $3,000. In 1918-19 there were 3,000 contributors and

contributions of $48,000.

In 1906, at suggestion of Bureau, Bd. of Trade appointed a committee

to examine claims of charities soliciting contributions, and to try to

name those worthy of support. This is now known as the Bd. of Trade

Endorsement Committee. In 1917 there were 63 endorsed charities.

In 1912 and again in 1916, the secretary of the Associated Charities

published a classified directory of the philanthropies of Newark, a

genuine contribution to the study of social problems.

For facts about distinct lines of work or particular undertakings consult

this directory or the Associated Charities Bur.

_Charter, City_: A city charter is the constitution or frame of

government of a city conferred on that city by the state legislature.

First charter incorporating township of Newark, granted by Queen Anne

to Robert Treat, 1713. Legislature incorporated _township_ of Newark,

1798. Legislature incorporated it under name of Mayor and Common Council

of _City_ of Newark, 1836. The 1857 revision, authorized by act of

Legislature, embodied all changes made since 1836.

Mayor Haussling appointed a committee which formulated and published

draft of new city charter, 1911.

Mayor Raymond appointed "Charter Revision Commission", which presented

its proposed charter to Legislature, 1917. It provided for a mayor, and

Commission of five, elected at large. Mayor to have veto power and to

appoint heads of departments. This was defeated in Assembly, March, 1917.

See also Commission Government.

_Child Hygiene Division, Board of Health_: Established Aug., 1913, to

supervise care of new-born babies, to study causes of infant mortality

and to teach art and science of mothercraft. Chief, 4 clinic physicians

and 14 nurses now in attendance. Has continued work of consultation

stations, formerly directed by general board, at which advice is given

expectant mothers and mothers of children up to school age. Supervises

boarding-homes of infants up to 3 years of age, which by ordinance of

July 6, 1915, must be licensed by Health Bd. Also supervises unmarried

mothers and is planning convalescent home for them at Ivy Hill.

A supervisor of midwives was appointed Nov., 1914, to investigate and

report on practice of midwifery and has continued to direct work of

midwives, who attend 50% of the births of the city.

_Christmas Trees, Municipal_: The first tree, a Norway spruce, 48 ft.

high, with spread of 30 ft., was set up in Military Park, Christmas,

1913. Illuminated at night with 800 electric lights, and 50 in star shape

at top. Week of festival followed. Similar festivities held around trees

set up in the park next 2 years.

In 1916 a great Norway spruce was set up in south lawn fronting City

Hall. Inside the building, a smaller tree was placed in rotunda for week

of festival. These City Hall Christmas Festivals brought together old

and young, rich and poor, for singing and games and Christmas good cheer

of all kinds. For the past 2 years there has been no municipal Christmas

Tree, but Christmas festivities have been held in the City Hall.

_Churches_: Items of church history,--buildings erected, parish houses

annexed, missions established, etc.,--are too numerous to be recorded in

a brief, general outline. Detailed sketches of individual churches have

been written by Rev. Joseph F. Folsom and appended to Urquhart's History

of Newark, Vol. II., pp. 949-1020.

_City Home_: See Delinquent Children.

_City Plan Commission_: "City planning means development of our city

according to carefully prepared plans; stopping all further random

development, all haphazard extensions, and all improvements for certain

favored sections or limited localities. It means considering every

suggested change or improvement as to its effect on the entire city and

all suburbs and nearby towns.

"City planning is for all, and especially for the man of modest income.

It means better housing and attractive and healthful surroundings for

the humblest homes. It means securing for the cheapest tenement the

sunny, airy, sanitary conditions which health, science and common sense

demand.

"It means a City Efficient, a City Clean and a City Enjoyable."

An act providing for city plan commissions passed N. J. Legislature and

became a law March 30, 1911. On June 1, Mayor Haussling appointed the

Newark City Plan Commission. For its investigations and work, $10,000 was

annually appropriated until the adoption of Commission Government. Under

this form of government there were no further appropriations for special

boards and the City Plan Commission went out of existence, Dec. 31, 1917.

Some of the subjects studied and reported on by the Commission aside

from street arrangement, were Centre Market, Housing Problems, Municipal

Recreation, Interurban Improvement and Harbor Development. The Commission

issued "City Planning for Newark" and "A Comprehensive Plan". Both are

valuable documents and rich in Newark facts.

_Civil Service Reform_: The system by which public offices are filled

and promotions made through competitive examinations held under federal,

state or city government. It is known as the "merit system", since

it looks toward the appointment of men to office because of their

competency. It is a reaction from the "spoils system" or the practice

of giving public offices to political favorites. The state measure was

adopted, 1910, by Newark, by popular vote.

_Coal Shortage_: 27,000 emergency coal cards, entitling each person to

1,000 pounds of coal, were issued by Bd. of Health during coal shortage

in the winter of 1917-18. U. S. government instituted Workless Mondays to

conserve coal, and boards of education closed school buildings for lack

of fuel.

_College of Technology_: See Technical School.

_Comfort Stations_: First public comfort station, in Military Park, ready

for use July, 1910. Cost $14,734. Maintained by Shade Tree Commission,

now a division of Dept. of Parks and Public Property.

_Commission Government_: Adopted Oct. 9, 1917, at a special referendum

election. Vote 19,069 for, and 6,053 against.

Present commissioners elected Nov. 13, 1917, to serve until May, 1921,

are:

Mayor Charles P. Gillen. Dept. of Public Affairs.

Alexander Archibald. Dept. of Revenue and Finance.

William J. Brennan. Dept. of Public Safety.

Thomas L. Raymond. Dept. of Streets and Public Improvements.

John F. Monahan. Dept. of Parks and Public Property.

Change of government authorized under Walsh Act, passed by the N. J.

Legislature April 25, 1911. 5 commissioners, elected by the people and

responsible to them, replace a mayor, 32 common council members, numerous

departments and boards. The commission names one of its members to be

mayor. He becomes chief Commissioner, but has no veto power.

_Contemporary, The_: Organized April 23, 1909, by representatives of

Sesame, Philomathean, Irving, Saturday and Municipal Art Clubs. To meet

need for single large organization of Newark women, working toward a

better knowledge of civic conditions and for the development of good

fellowship among women.

204 active and 198 associate members enrolled at first regular meeting,

Oct. 19, 1909. Admitted to State Federation of Women's Clubs, Oct. 24,

1909. Legally incorporated, April 19, 1915. Total membership, Sept.,

1918, was 1,461.

Among its activities have been the institution of a social hygiene

movement; the organization of the Housewives' League; advocacy of the

founding of a State College for Women; opening a boarding home for

girls; and work for prison reform, mothers' pensions, child welfare and

delinquency, emergency relief and food conservation.

_Co-operative School_: First established April 3, 1916, in Fawcett School

of Industrial Arts. Wrappers from several department stores given lessons

in salesmanship during working hours without loss of wages.

_Course of Study_: Uniform course for high schools adopted May 27, 1915.

Educational and cultural value of manual arts recognized by requiring

them in all curricula. Arts curriculum carrying full credit in music and

art introduced as major subjects. All other courses modified and adjusted

to meet more adequately needs of students preparing for office, shop,

home or higher institution of learning.

_Crippled Children, School for_: Opened July 7, 1912 in Home for Crippled

Children. 17 pupils ranging in age from 4 to 13 years. Heretofore no

schooling had been provided.

_Deaf, Public School Classes for_: First class organized in Chestnut St.

School with 11 pupils, 1910. In Oct., 1915, classes in lip-reading for

adults were organized as part of evening school program.

_Death Rate_: Statistics for this period are noteworthy because they show

effects of infantile paralysis epidemic in 1916, and of influenza in

1918, which, though less alarming in its symptoms, had more fatal results.

_Population_ _No. Deaths_ _Death Rate_

1904 272,000 5,378 19.77

1905 283,239 5,025 17.74

1906 290,000 5,551 19.14

1907 300,000 5,724 19.08

1908 305,000 5,207 17.07

1909 311,000 5,529 17.77

1910 347,469 5,784 16.64

1911 352,000 5,337 15.16

1912 370,000 5,423 14.65

1913 380,000 5,562 14.63

1914 395,000 5,809 14.70

1915 375,000 5,382 14.30

[A]1916 385,000 6,357 16.50

1917 405,000 5,205 15.30

[A]1918 430,000 8,482 19.70

[A] See Infantile Paralysis; Influenza.

_Delinquent Children_: Juvenile court act, providing for separate trial

of all offenders under 16 years, passed by N. J. Legislature, 1903.

Essex Co. Juvenile Court established in Newark the same year. To prevent

association of young offenders with hardened criminals. Judge may commit

the boy or girl to a reformatory institution or refer the case to a

probation officer. In the latter case the child is released but must

report regularly to the officer until the probation period is passed.

House of Detention, 120 Newark St., county institution maintained in

connection with juvenile court, was opened Dec., 1910. For accommodation

of children awaiting trial, and for those held as witnesses. Were

formerly kept at police station or jail.

Essex Co. Parental School, Sussex Ave., bet. Hecker and Duryee Sts.,

authorized by N. J. law of 1912, was opened May 1, 1916. Supersedes House

of Detention now used only for juvenile witnesses. Provides a temporary

home for juvenile delinquents and neglected children and aims to be an

educational rather than penal institution. Here juvenile court is held

and probation cases reported.

Ungraded Schools, No. 1 (So. 10th St.), and No. 2 (Chestnut St.), were

erected, 1911, for better accommodation of classes of truants and

incorrigibles. Curriculum provides for usual common school branches with

particular emphasis placed upon manual and vocational studies. These 2

schools, with the classes in Academy St., established 1898, are the only

schools of this kind under direction of the Bd. of Education. In addition

there is the Newark Parental School, at Verona, formerly known as the

City Home. Maintained by the city for the most difficult cases from

ungraded schools. Provides a home as well as schooling like the Essex Co.

Parental School, except that it takes boys only.

_Dental Clinic Association_: Organized 1909 and financed from private

sources. Later supported by city under N. J. law of 1910, with amendments

1911 and 1913, allowing Common Council to appropriate $10,000 annually.

Provides free dental services for children under 16, unable to pay for

treatment. 3 clinics opened at 74 Newton St., 346 Ferry St., and 297

Orange St. 7,623 individuals treated and 24,878 operations performed in

1918.

Orange St. Clinic closed Nov. 1, 1918, because of insufficient funds and

scarcity of operators, is expected to re-open. Appropriation increased to

$20,000 by N. J. law of 1919.

_Detention, House of_: See Delinquent Children.

_Education Board_: Change from elective board of 32 members, 2 from each

ward for term of 2 years, to present board of 9 members appointed by

Mayor for term of 3 years, made at general election held Nov. 5, 1907.

_Employment Bureau, Municipal_: Established Nov. 15, 1909. Merged its

activities with U. S. Dept. of Labor and N. J. Dept. of Labor, July 1,

1918.

Shortly after the armistice was signed, a Soldiers' and Sailors' Dept.

was organized to assist discharged men to secure positions, advising and

aiding the injured to obtain compensation and vocational training.

_Exhibitions_: Newark History, Free Public Library, May 17-June 1, 1905.

Review of the city's growth from a little settlement of a few houses to

prosperous industrial center. Maps, portraits, pictures, curios. Exhibit

repeated in subsequent years as school children's interest in local

history developed.

Industrial Expositions, 1st Regiment Armory, (1) May 13-25, 1912 (the

first since Aug., 1872); (2) Sept. 12-26, 1914; (3) May 13-June 3, 1916,

250th Anniversary event.

Industrial, L. Bamberger & Co.'s store, Feb., 1913; Feb., 1914; Feb.,

1915.

Fire Prevention, City Hall. First exhibit held Nov. 12, 1913. Exhibits

held annually since that date for week beginning Oct. 9th. This date,

the anniversary of the great Chicago fire, 1871, is generally known

throughout the country as Fire and Accident Prevention Day. In 1918 the

date was changed to Nov. 11th that it might not interfere with the 4th

Liberty Loan. See also Safety Movement.

Municipal, City Hall. March 1-7, 1915. Showing work of various

departments of the city government and their inter-relations. Held in

connection with an exhibit of foreign and American city planning.

Clay Products of N. J., Newark Museum, Feb. 1-March 28, 1915. Brick,

tile, sanitary ware, electrical ware, table ware, crucibles, earthenware,

etc., and demonstration of casting, pressing and turning on the potter's

wheel.

Textiles, Newark Museum, Feb. 1-March 28, 1916. Machine weaving, hand

weaving, old and new, tapestry and weaving and embroideries, and a

special group of textiles lent by foreign-born Newarkers.

School Work, South Side High School, July 5-Aug. 4, 1916. Feature of

250th Anniversary. Showed (1) organization of public school system. (2)

equipment, appliances, supplies, etc. (3) work of all elementary grades,

high schools, special classes and special subjects.

Homelands, Newark Museum, Feb. 1 to March 28, 1916. Costumes and textiles

from foreign lands, mainly secured through the schools. Burnet St.

School, July 10-Aug. 5, 1916. Jewelry, costumes, textiles, furniture,

pottery, etc., from foreign lands, lent by Newarkers of foreign birth,

representing, among others, France, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany,

Poland, Lithuania, Ruthenia, Russia, Slovakia, Bohemia, Hungary, Italy,

Armenia, and China. Plays, songs and native dances were part of the

entertainment.

Colonial Kitchen, Newark Museum, Nov. 27, 1917-Feb. 28, 1918. A room 16

ft. × 20 ft., completely furnished as in colonial days, with colonial

domestic tools and utensils in cases.

The Soldier and Sailor, Newark Museum, March 14-April 1, 1918. Complete

modern equipment as required by Army and Navy regulations; model of Camp

Dix, comparison of uniforms and equipment from Revolution to date.

Industrial Housing and Better Homes Exposition, Krueger Auditorium, July

20-27, 1918. Many models made by manual training departments of Newark

schools. Food conservation and war cookery, also features.

Colombia, South America, Newark Museum. June 1-Nov. 30, 1918. Products,

manufactures, life and customs of this rich but little known neighbor.

_Feebleminded, Public School Classes for_: 5 classes established at

College Pl., Lafayette St. and 7th Ave. Schools, Sept., 1910.

_Fire Department, 1906_: First self-propelled steam engine, "Mount

Pelee", placed in service, Nov. 22, 1906. Cost $6,000, weight 8½ tons,

built by Manchester Locomotive Works. Strangely enough the engine itself

sent forth so many sparks, thereby setting fire to numerous awnings and

other things along its route, that it was later converted into a tractor

engine and is now part of the reserve.

1907. Central office Fire Alarm Telegraph Office installed in City Hall.

Cost $55,000.

Bur. of Combustibles and Fire Risks established. Originated Fire

Prevention Code which marked beginning of that important movement.

Effective Dec., 1910.

1911. School of instruction for firemen established.

First motor-driven fire engine, of general type now in use, placed in

service.

1917. Two platoon system inaugurated, whereby the fireman's working

schedule is so arranged that he has 24 consecutive free hours every week.

1918. First fire boat, "William J. Brennan", named for the director of

Dept. of Public Safety, placed in service June, 1918. On the night of

its first day of service it was successful in extinguishing a dock fire,

which might otherwise have resulted in $100,000 loss.

_Flag, City_: Officially adopted by Common Council, March 24, 1916. The

field is white, with Jersey blue border. The city seal in gold, with

gold-blue scroll and blue band beneath, occupies the center of the field.

_Food and Drug Division--Board of Health_: Established, 1913. Prior

to that, only work carried on consisted of taking a few milk samples

wherever suspicion was directed. Today the chief of division, chemist, 2

veterinarians, 4 milk inspectors, 4 food inspectors and a meat inspector

keep close watch over food in every form, especially milk. Food-handling

places, including restaurants, are supervised and scored; food handlers

physically examined; live stock supervised.

_Gary Schools_: See Alternating Plan.

_German Language_: War led to decision May 27, 1918, that no new classes

in German would be formed, although study would be continued in those

classes already organized.

_Girls' Vocational School_: Recommended 1912. Opened Sept., 1914, in

former Normal School building, Washington and Linden Sts.

_Gymnasium, Public School_: First gymnasium installed in new addition to

Hamburg Place School during school year 1906-7. Barringer High School

gymnasium annex opened 1909.

_Health_: See Birth Rate; Child Hygiene Division--Board of Health; Death

Rate; Food and Drug Division--Board of Health; Infantile Paralysis;

Influenza; Little Mother's League; Medical History, Museum of; Mental

Hygiene, Bureau of--Board of Health; Milk Supply; Tuberculosis, Campaign

Against; Venereal Diseases, Bureau of--Board of Health; Whooping Cough.

_High Schools_: Barringer, formerly Newark High School, was the only high

school in the city, 1838-1904. In 1907 the name was changed to Barringer

High School, in memory of Dr. William N. Barringer, city superintendent

of schools for about 20 years.

East Side, opened March 1, 1911.

Central, opened Feb. 1, 1912.

South Side, opened Sept. 8, 1913.