=pavé=, _n.m._, paving-stone; pavement; paved road; road-way, street,

streets. _Être sur le —_; to be without a home; to be on the streets.

_Battre le —_; to idle _or_ lounge about town. _Tâter le —_; not to walk

firmly. _Le haut du —_; the wall side. _Tenir le haut du —_; to hold the

first rank. _Brûler le —_; to drive like the wind, to tear along the

road. _Être sur le — du roi_; to be on the king’s highway. _Mettre sur le

—_; to turn into the streets; to turn out of the house; to turn out of

employment. _Les pavés le disent_; the thing is in every one’s mouth.

=pavement= (pav-mān), _n.m._, paving; pavement.

=paver=, _v.a._, to pave.

=pavesade=, _n.f._, (nav.) pavisade.

=paveur=, _n.m._, pavier, pavior.

=pavie=, _n.m._, cling-stone peach.

*=pavillon=, _n.m._, pavilion, summer-house; wing, outhouse, lodge; tent,

flag, standard; (c.rel.) veil of the tabernacle; bell (of a trumpet).

_Amener son —_; to strike her flag (of a ship). _— blanc_; flag of truce.

_— de poupe_; ensign. _Hisser le —_; to hoist the flag. _Baisser —_; to

yield, to give in, to surrender. _Vaisseau —_; flag-ship.

=pavois=, _n.m._, shield; (nav.) armor.

=pavoisement=, _n.m._, (nav.) dressing with flags.

=pavoiser=, _v.a._, (nav.) to adorn with flags; to dress.

=pavot=, _n.m._, (bot.) poppy.

=payable=, _adj._, payable.

=payant=, =-e=, _adj._, paying. _Carte —e_; bill (at an eating-house).

_Billet —_; paid ticket.

=payant=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, payer, person who pays.

=paye= (pè-ye), _n.f._, pay, salary; wages; (fam.) paymaster. _Une bonne

—_; a good paymaster. _Morte-—_ (_—s-—s_); old servant kept and paid

without doing any work; defaulting tax-payer. _Haute —_; (milit.) extra

pay for good conduct stripes.

=payement= (pè-mān), _n.m._, payment. _Jour de —_; pay-day. _Non-—_,

(_—-—s_) non-payment.

=payen=, =-ne=, _adj._ _V._ =païen=.

=payer=, _v.a._, to pay, to pay for, to pay off, to pay away, to

recompense, to reward, to requite; to expiate, to atone for, to satisfy,

to indemnify. _— trop_; to overpay. _— argent comptant_; to pay cash

down. _Se faire —_; to get paid, to get one’s money. _Qui répond paye_;

the bail must pay. _— quelqu’un d’ingratitude_; to reward any one with

ingratitude. _— de belles paroles_; to pay with fine speeches. _— le

tribut à la nature_; to pay the debt of nature. _— en même monnaie_; to

pay in like coin. _— les violons_; to pay the piper. _— d’effronterie_;

to brazen it out. _— d’audace_; to face it out. _Il me la payera_; he

shall pay for it; I’ll be revenged on him for it. _Vous en payerez la

folle enchère_; you shall pay dear for your rashness. _— de sa personne_;

to expose one’s self to danger; to risk one’s skin; (fig.) to exert one’s

self. _Être payé pour savoir_; to know a thing to one’s cost. _Ce n’est

pas payé_; (at billiards, etc.), that’s hard lines (when a stroke has

just been missed).

_se_ =payer=, _v.r._, to be satisfied; to be bought, to treat one’s self

to. _Se — de raisons_; to be satisfied with reasons. _Cela ne peut pas se

—_; that cannot be bought, that cannot be had for money. _Je ne me paye

pas de mauvaises raisons_; nothing but good reasons will satisfy me. _Je

me paierai un habit neuf_; I shall treat myself to a new coat.

=payeu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, paymaster; payer.

=pays= (pè-yee), _n.m._, country, fatherland, birthplace, native place,

home; part of the country, place, district; (pop.) fellow-countryman.

_Gagner du —_; to get on, to make progress. _Courir le —_; to ramble, to

rove about. _Battre le —_; to wander about; (mil.) to scour the country.

_Être en — de connaissance_; to be among friends. _Savoir la carte du

—_; to know one’s ground, one’s people. _— perdu_; out-of-the-way place,

waste, desert. _— natal_; native country. _De quel — êtes-vous?_ what

countryman are you? _Avoir le mal du —_; to be home-sick. _Nul n’est

prophète en son —_; no man is a prophet in his own country. _Il est bien

de son —_; he is very simple, very credulous. _À vue de —_; at first

sight, by guess. _Faire voir du — à quelqu’un_; to lead any one a dance.

_— ruiné vaut mieux que — perdu_; half a loaf is better than no bread.

=paysage= (pè-i-zaj), _n.m._, landscape, scenery; landscape-painting.

=paysag-er=, =-ère=, _adj._, rustic, country.

=paysagiste= (pè-i-za-jist), _n.m._, landscape-painter.

=paysan= (pè-i-zan), _n.m._, =-ne= (-za-n), _n.f._, countryman;

countrywoman; peasant, rustic.

=paysannerie= (pè-i-za-n-rî), _n.f._, rusticity, country manners.

=payse=, _n.f._, (pop.) fellow countrywoman.

=péage=, _n.m._, toll, due; toll-house.

=péager=, _n.m._, toll-gatherer.

=peau=, _n.f._, skin, hide, fell, peel; rind, pelt, fur; (fig., fam.)

person. _— d’oignons_; onion-peel. _— de fruit_; skin of fruit. _Oter la

—_; to peel. _Contes de — d’âne_; nursery tales, fairy tales. _Être dans

la — de quelqu’un_; to be in any one’s shoes. _Il ne faut pas vendre la —

de l’ours avant de l’avoir tué_; do not count your chickens before they

are hatched. _— de soie_; Japanese silk.

=peausserie= (pô-srî), _n.f._, peltry; skinner’s trade.

=peaussier= (pô-sié), _n.m._, skinner, skin-dresser.

=peaussier=, _adj._, (anat.) cutaneous (muscle).

=pébrine=, _n.f._, disease (in silk-worms).

=pec=, _adj._, newly salted (of herrings).

=pécari=, _n.m._, peccary, Mexican boar.

=peccable= (pèk-kabl), _adj._, peccable, faulty.

=peccadille=, _n.f._, peccadillo, slight offense.

☉=peccant=, =-e= (pèk-kān, -t), _adj._, (med.) morbid, not healthy,

peccant.

=peccata=, _n.m._, (_—_) (pop.) an ass; fool, dolt, blockhead.

=peccavi= (pèk-ka-vi), _n.m._, (_—_) peccavi.

=pêche=, _n.f._, (bot.) peach. _— hâtive_; early peach. _— tardive_; late

peach.

=pêche=, _n.f._, fishing, angling. _La — à la ligne_; angling. _Aller à

la —_; to go out fishing. _Ligne de —_; fishing line.

=péché=, _n.m._, sin, trespass, transgression. _— originel_; original

sin. _— mignon_; besetting sin. _— grave_; heinous sin. _— irrémissible_;

unpardonable sin. _Racheter ses —s_; to redeem one’s sins. _À tout —

miséricorde_; there is mercy for every sin. _Rechercher les vieux —s de

quelqu’un_; to rake up the old sins of any one. _Être laide comme les

sept —s capitaux_; to be as ugly as sin. _Se dire les sept —s mortels_;

to abuse one another mercilessly. _— avoué est à demi pardonné_; a fault

confessed is half redressed.

=pécher=, _v.n._, to sin, to transgress, to trespass; to offend; to err;

to be deficient, to fail. _— contre la bienséance_; to offend against

decency. _Ce n’est pas par là qu’il pèche_; that is not his failing.

=pêcher=, _v.a._ and _n._, to fish, to angle, to fish for, to fish up,

to drag out; to find, to pick up. _— à la ligne_; to angle for, with rod

and line. _— un étang_; to draw a pond. _— en eau trouble_; to fish in

troubled waters. _— au plat_; to pick into the dish. _Où avez-vous pêché

cela?_ where did you pick that up _or_ where did you get hold of that?

=pêcher=, _n.m._, peach-tree.

=pécheresse= (pé-shrès), _n.f._ _V._ =pécheur=.

=pêcherie= (pê-shrî), _n.f._, fishing-place; fishery, fish-pond.

=péche-ur=, _n.m._, =-resse=, _n.f._, sinner.

=pêcheu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, fisher, angler, fisherman,

fisherwoman. _— à la ligne_; angler. _Ligne de —_; fishing-line.

=pêcheu-r=, =-se=, _adj._, fishing.

=pécore=, _n.f._, stupid creature, blockhead, animal, creature.

=pecque=, _n.f._, silly, conceited woman _or_ girl.

=pectiné=, =-e=, _adj._, pectinal, comb-shaped.

=pectoral=, =-e=, _adj._, pectoral.

=pectoral=, _n.m._, breast-plate; (med.) pectoral.

=péculat=, _n.m._, peculation, embezzlement. _Être coupable de —_; to

peculate.

=péculateur=, _n.m._, (l.u.) peculator.

=pécule=, _n.m._, savings, earnings, hoard.

☉=pécune=, _n.f._, ready money, cash, tin.

=pécuniaire=, _adj._, pecuniary.

=pécunieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, moneyed.

=pédagogie=, _n.f._, pedagogy.

=pédagogique=, _adj._, pedagogical.

=pédagogue=, _n.m._, pedagogue.

=pédale=, _n.f._, pedal; treadle; foot-board.

☉=pédané=, _adj._, formerly said of judges who tried cases standing up.

=pédant=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, pedant; pedantic.

☉=pédanter=, _v.n._ _V._ =pédantiser=.

=pédanterie= (pé-dan-trî), _n.f._, pedantry.

=pédantesque=, _adj._, pedantic.

=pédantesquement=, _adv._, pedantically.

=pédantiser=, _v.n._, to act, _or_ play, the pedant.

=pédantisme=, _n.f._, pedantry.

=pédéraste=, _n.m._, pederast.

=pédérastie=, _n.f._, pederasty.

=pédestre=, _adj._, pedestrian, on foot.

=pédestrement=, _adv._, on foot. _Aller —_; to go on foot.

=pédicelle=, _n.m._, (bot.) pedicle, pedicel.

=pédiculaire=, _adj._, pedicular.

=pédiculaire=, _n.f._, (bot.) pedicularis, louse-wort.

=pédicule=, _n.m._, (bot.) pedicel; (med.) neck.

=pédiculé=, =-e=, _adj._, pedicellate.

=pédicure=, _n.m.f._, corn-cutter; chiropodist.

=pédiforme=, _adj._, foot-shaped.

=pédiluve=, _n.m._, (med.) pediluvium, foot-bath.

=pédimane=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (mam.) pedimane; pedimanous.

=pédomètre=, _n.m._, pedometer.

=pédon=, _n.m._, courier on foot, runner.

=pédonculaire=, _adj._, (bot.) peduncular.

=pédoncule=, _n.m._, (bot.) peduncle, flower-stalk.

=pédonculé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) pedunculate.

=pégase=, _n.m._, Pegasus.

=pègle=, _n.f._, pitch (from wood).

=pègre=, _n.m._, thief. _n.f._, light-fingered gentry.

*=peignage=, _n.m._, combing, wool-combing.

*=peigne=, _n.m._, comb; (paint.) graining-tool. _— fin_; small-tooth

comb. _— à démêler_; large-tooth comb. _Être sale comme un —_; to be as

dirty as you like.

*=peigné=, =-e=, _part._, combed; (fig.) elaborate, labored. _Un jardin

bien —_; a well-kept garden. _Un mal —_ or _un malpeigné_; a dirty,

slovenly, ill-dressed fellow.

=peignée=, _n.f._, cardful (of wool).

*=peigner=, _v.a._, to comb, to card; (pop.) to beat, to drub; to polish

(style).

_se_ =peigner=, _v.r._, to comb one’s self; (pop.) to beat one another.

=peignerie=, _n.f._, comb manufactory; comb-trade.

*=peigneu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, (manu.) comber.

*=peignier=, _n.m._, comb-maker.

*=peignoir=, _n.m._, dressing-gown, wrapper; bathing-gown.

*=peignures=, _n.f.pl._, combings.

=peindre= (peignant, peint), _v.a._, to paint, to portray; to describe,

to depict; to draw, to represent; to express. _— d’après nature_; to

paint from nature. _— à l’huile_; to paint in oils. _— l’histoire_; to

paint historical subjects. _— le portrait_; to take likenesses, to paint

portraits. _Se faire —_; to sit for one’s portrait. _Fait à —_; very

handsome. _Il nous a peint sa détresse_; he described his distress to us.

_se_ =peindre=, _v.r._, to paint one’s self; to be represented, to be

expressed _or_ described, to be depicted. _La douleur se peignait sur son

visage_; grief was depicted on his face.

=peine=, _n.f._, punishment, penalty, pain; affliction, grief, sorrow,

misery; uneasiness, trouble, anxiety, labor; pains; reluctance. _Sous les

—s de droit_; on pain of being punished according to law. _Partager les

—s de quelqu’un_; to share any one’s troubles. _Il n’y a que des —s dans

la vie_; the world is full of sorrow. _Cela fait — à voir_; it hurts one

to see it. _À chaque jour suffit sa —_; sufficient for the day is the

evil thereof. _Je suis en — de savoir ce qu’il deviendra_; I am at a loss

to know what will become of him. _Faire de la — à quelqu’un_; to pain any

one. _Être dans la —_; to be in trouble. _Se mettre en — de_; to trouble

one’s self about. _Je voudrais vous épargner cette —_; I would willingly

spare you that trouble. _Cela n’en vaut pas la —_; it is not worth while.

_Il a de la — à parler_; he is scarcely able to speak. _Il a de la —

à marcher_; he can scarcely walk. _Il a eu beaucoup de — à en venir à

bout_; he had much trouble to bring it about, to get through it. _J’ai —

à le croire_; I can hardly believe it. _Un homme de —_; a laborer. _Ce

n’est pas la —_; it is not worth while. _À —_; hardly, scarce, scarcely.

_À — sait-il lire_; he can hardly read. _À grand’—_; with great trouble,

with much difficulty. _Mourir à la —_; to die in harness _or_ to work

one’s self to death.

=peiné=, =-e=, _part._, pained, grieved; labored, elaborate, stiff. _Un

ouvrage —_; a labored piece of work.

=peiner=, _v.a._, to pain, to make uneasy, to put to trouble; to fatigue,

to labor.

_se_ =peiner=, _v.r._, to take pains; to grieve, to fret.

=peiner=, _v.n._, to labor, to toil; to be reluctant, to be loath.

=peint=, =-e=, _part._, painted, drawn. _Toiles —es_; printed calicoes.

=peintre=, _n.m._, painter. _— de paysage_; landscape painter. _Un — en

bâtiments_; a house-painter.

=peinturage=, _n.m._, painting (on wood); daub.

=peinture=, _n.f._, painting; paint; picture, portraiture; description,

appearance; painters’ work; colors. _— à l’huile_; oil-painting. _— en

détrempe_; distemper-painting. _— en mosaïque_; mosaic-painting. _En —_;

in painting, in appearance.

=peinturer=, _v.a._, (l.u.) to paint (with one color only); to daub.

=peintureur=, _n.m._, bad painter, dauber. _V._ =barbouilleur=.

=pékin=, _n.m._, pekin (textile fabric); (fig.) civilian, snob. _C’est un

mauvais —_; he’s a nasty fellow.

=pelade=, _n.f._, alopecy, alopecia, scurf.

=pelage=, _n.m._, coat, fur (color of).

=pélagianisme=, _n.m._, pelagianism, Pelagius’ tenets.

=pélagien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _adj._, pelagian.

=pélagique=, _adj._, pelagic (of the sea).

=pélamide=, _n.f._, (ich.) pelamis.

=pelard= (pe-lar), _adj._, barked (of wood).

=pélasgique=, _adj._, pelasgian.

=pelé=, _n.m._, bald-pated man; ragamuffin. _n’y avait que quatre —s et

un tondu_; there was nothing but the rag, tag, and bobtail. _adj._, bald;

bare, naked; threadbare, napless.

=pêle=, _n.m._ _V._ =pêne=.

=pêle-mêle=, _adv._, pell-mell, confusedly, helter-skelter.

=pêle-mêle=, _n.m._, pell-mell, disorder, jumble, confusion.

=peler=, _v.a._, to strip of hair, to make bald; to pare, to skin, to

peel, to scald (pigs). _— un cochon de lait_; to scald a sucking pig. _—

un arbre_; to peel a tree. _— des amandes_; to peel almonds.

_se_ =peler=, _v.r._, to come off (of the hair); to peel off.

=peler=, _v.n._, to peel off (of the skin).

=pèlerin= (pèl-rin), _n.m._, =-e= (-ri-n), _n.f._, pilgrim, traveler;

hypocrite, dissembler.

=pèlerin=, _n.m._, (orni.) peregrine falcon.

=pèlerinage= (pèl-ri-), _n.m._, pilgrimage. _Aller en —_; to go on a

pilgrimage.

=pèlerine= (pèl-ri-n), _n.f._, tippet, cape.

=pélican=, _n.m._, pelican; (tech.) holdfast.

=pelin=, _n.m._, lime-pit (for hides).

=pelisse=, _n.f._, pelisse.

=pellage=, _n.m._, shoveling.

=pellagre=, _n.f._, (med.) pellagra.

=pelle=, _n.f._, shovel, scoop, spade; (of an oar) blade; (of lock-gates)

paddle. _La — se moque du fourgon_; the pot calls the kettle black. _Oter

avec la —_; to shovel out. _Remuer à la —_; to shovel. _Remuer l’argent à

la —_; (fig.) to have heaps, loads of money.

=pellée=, =pellerée=, =pelletée= (pèl-rée, pèl-tée), _n.f._, shovelful.

=pelleron= (pèl-ron), _n.m._, baker’s peel.

=pelleterie= (pèl-trî), _n.f._, furriery; peltry.

=pelleti-er=, _n.m._, =-ère=, _n.f._, furrier.

=pelleversage=, _n.m._, spade-tilling.

=pellicule= (pèl-li-kul), _n.f._, pellicle.

=pellucide= (pel-lu-), _adj._, (phys.) pellucid.

=pellucidité=, _n.f._, pellucidness, clearness.

=pelotage=, _n.m._, winding skeins into balls; pack of vigonia wool;

loose play (at billiards, etc.).

=pelote= (plot), _n.f._, pin-cushion; clew, ball of thread; pellet;

blaze (on a horse’s forehead). _— de neige_; snow-ball. _Faire sa —_; to

feather one’s nest.

=peloter= (plo-té), _v.a._, to make up into a ball; to throw balls; to

bang, to cuff, to beat; to hoard, to save.

_se_ =peloter=, _v.r._, to roll round; to roll one’s self up; to bang

each other about; to dispute.

=peloter=, _v.n._, (at tennis) to knock the ball about.

=peloton= (plo-ton), _n.m._, ball, knot, group, cluster; lump (of fat);

(milit.) half-company; tennis-ball; group, knot (of people). _Ils

entraient par —s_; they entered by groups. _Se mettre en —_; to roll

one’s self up like a ball. _Feu de —_; volley-firing, platoon-firing.

=pelotonner= (plo-to-né), _v.a._, to wind into balls, to put up into

balls.

_se_ =pelotonner=, _v.r._, to gather into knots, into groups; to gather

into a round mass; to roll one’s self up.

=pelouse= (plooz), _n.f._, lawn, greensward; grass-plot.

=pelu=, =-e=, _adj._, hairy. [Only used in =patte-pelu=, which see.]

=peluche= (plush), _n.f._, shag, plush, cotton and woolen drugget.

=peluché=, =-e=, _adj._, shaggy.

=pelucher= (plu-shé), _v.n._, to become shaggy, to wear rough.

=pelure= (plur), _n.f._, paring, peel, rind.

=pelvien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _adj._, (anat.) pelvic.

=pemphigus=, _n.m._, (med.) pemphigus.

*=penaille=, _n.f._, rags; (b.s.) monks.

*=penaillerie=, _n.f._, rags; set of ragamuffins; (b.s.) monks.

*=penaillon=, _n.m._, rag; monk.

=pénal=, =-e=, _adj._, penal.

=pénalité=, _n.f._, penal system; penalty; penal enactment.

=penard=, _n.m._, old fox (pers.), old libertine.

=pénates=, _n.m.pl._, (antiq.) penates, household gods; fireside, home.

=penaud=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, abashed, sheepish person; abashed,

sheepish, chopfallen, crestfallen.

=penchant=, _n.m._, slope, declivity; inclination, acclivity, decline,

propensity, beat, tendency, taste. _Le — d’une montagne_; the slope of a

mountain. _Suivre son —_ or _se laisser aller à son —_; to follow one’s

bent.

=penchant=, =-e=, _adj._, shelving, sloping, declining, leaning.

=penchement= (pansh-mān), _n.m._, inclination, leaning, bending, stoop,

stooping.

=pencher=, _v.a._, to incline, to lean, to bend, to stoop. _— la tête_;

to bend the head. _— un vase_; to incline a vase.

_se_ =pencher=, _v.r._, to bend, to bend over, to stoop, to tilt, to

slope, to be inclined. _Se — sur le bord d’un précipice_; to bend over

the brink of a precipice.

=pencher=, _v.n._, to lean; to slope, to incline, to be disposed. _Il

penche vers le nord_; it leans to the north. _— vers la clémence_; to

lean to mercy. _— vers_ or _— du côté de_; to incline towards, to lean

the side of.

=pendable=, _adj._, deserving hanging, abominable. _Cas —_; hanging

matter. _Un tour —_; an abominable trick.

=pendaison=, _n.f._, hanging (on the gallows).

=pendant=, _prep._, during.

=pendant que=, _conj._, whilst, while.

=pendant=, _n.m._, thing pendent, thing hanging; counterpart, pendant,

fellow; frog (of a sword-belt). _— d’oreille_; ear-ring. _Il faut un —

à ce tableau_; this picture needs a fellow. _C’est son —_; he is his

counterpart.

=pendant=, =-e=, _adj._, pendent, hanging, pending, depending; standing

(of crops). _Oreilles —es_; hanging ears. _Marcher les bras —s_; to walk

with one’s arms dangling. _Le procès est —_; the cause is pending.

=pendard=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, rascal, rogue, scoundrel; jade.

=pendeloque= (pan-dlok), _n.f._, ear-drop; pendant, drop.

=pendentif=, _n.m._, (arch.) pendentive.

=penderie= (pen-dri), _n.f._, ☉hanging (putting to death); (tech.)

drying-house.

=pendeur=, _n.m._, hangman, executioner; (nav.) pennant (rope), span.

*=pendiller=, _v.n._, to hang loose, to dangle, to swing.

=pendre=, _v.a._, to hang, to hang up, to suspend. _— de la viande au

croc_; to hang up meat on a hook. _— des voleurs_; to hang robbers. _Il

ne vaut pas la corde pour le —_; he is not worth hanging. _Il dit pis que

— de vous_; he says all kinds of things of you.

_se_ =pendre=, _v.r._, to hang one’s self.

=pendre=, _v.n._, to hang, to hang up, to hang down, to be suspended,

to dangle, to droop, to sag. _Les joues lui pendent_; his cheeks are

flabby. _Autant lui en pend à l’oreille_; he may expect a like treatment,

_or_ to be served in the same way. _Il a dit pis que — de vous_; he said

everything that was bad of you _or_ he abused you right and left.

=pendu=, _n.m._, one that has been hanged. _Il est sec comme un —_; he is

as thin as a lath. _Avoir de la corde de — dans sa poche_; to have the

devil’s own luck.

=pendu=, =-e=, _part._, hanged, hung. _Aussitôt pris_, _aussitôt —_; no

sooner said than done. _Il est toujours — à ses côtés_; he is always

dangling after her. _Avoir la langue bien —e_; to have a well-oiled

tongue.

=pendule=, _n.f._, (horl.) time-piece, chimney clock, ornamental clock.

_— détraquée_; clock out of order. _Remonter une —_; to wind up a clock.

_— de voyage_; carriage-clock.

=pendule=, _n.m._, pendulum.

=penduliste=, _n.m._, clock-case maker.

=pêne=, _n.m._, bolt (of a lock); lock-bolt.

=pénétrabilité=, _n.f._, penetrability.

=pénétrable=, _adj._, penetrable.

=pénétrant=, =-e=, _adj._, penetrating, piercing, keen, insinuating,

acute, searching, impressive. _Il fait un froid —_; it is piercingly cold.

=pénétrati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (l.u.) penetrating.

=pénétration=, _n.f._, penetration, acuteness, shrewdness; sagacity.

_Avoir une grande — d’esprit_; to have great acuteness of mind.

=pénétré=, =-e=, _part._, penetrated. _— de douleur_; grieved to the heart,

cut to the quick.

=pénétrer=, _v.a._, to penetrate, to go through, to enter, to pierce; to

pervade; to fathom; to impress; to imbue; to see through; to affect, to

move. _— quelqu’un_; to see through any one. _Son état m’a pénétré_; his

situation deeply moved me.

_se_ =pénétrer=, _v.r._, to penetrate each other; to impress one’s self,

to convince one’s self; to impress one’s mind.

=pénétrer=, _v.n._, to penetrate; to pervade; to pierce, to get in. _Il

pénétra bien avant dans le pays_; he went a great way into the country

_or_ he explored the interior.

=pénible=, _adj._, painful, laborious; troublesome, difficult, hard.

=péniblement=, _adv._, painfully, laboriously.

=péniche=, _n.f._, (nav.) pinnace.

=pénicillé=, =-e=, _adj._, (anat.) pencil-shaped.

=pénil=, _n.m._, (anat.) mons veneris.

=péninsulaire=, _adj._, peninsular.

=péninsule=, _n.f._, peninsula.

=pénitence=, _n.f._, penitence, repentance, penance, punishment,

disgrace. _Faire — de ses péchés_; to do penance for one’s sins. _Faire

—_; to fare poorly. _Mettre un enfant en —_; to punish a child. _Il est

en —_; he is in disgrace.

=pénitencerie= (-tān-srî), _n.f._, penitentiary’s court; penitentiary

(office).

=pénitencier=, _n.m._, reformatory; penitentiary.

=pénitent=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, penitent, repentant. _Pécheur —_;

contrite sinner.

=pénitentiaire= (-ci-èr), _adj._, penitentiary, penal. _Maison —_;

penitentiary.

=pénitenti-aux= (-ci-ô), =-elles= (-ci-èl), _adj.pl._, penitential.

_Psaumes —_; penitential psalms.

=pénitentiel= (-ci-èl), _n.m._, penitential.

=pennage=, _n.m._, plumage (hawking).

=penne= (pè-n), _n.f._, beam-feather (of a hawk); feather; (orni.)

feather of the tail _or_ wing; (nav.) peak of a mizzen _or_ lateen sail.

=penné=, _adj._, (bot.) pennate, pennated.

=penniforme=, _adj._, penniform.

=pennon= (pè-n-non), _n.m._, pennon.

=pénombre=, _n.f._, penumbra; (fig.) darkness, obscurity, twilight,

semi-darkness; subdued light.

=penon=, _n.m._, (nav.) dog-vane.

=pensant=, =-e=, _adj._, thinking. _Bien —_; right-thinking,

well-disposed, right-minded. _Mal —_; evil-thinking, evil-disposed.

=pensée=, _n.f._, thought, opinion, sentiment, idea, conception; mind,

belief, opinion; design; notion; meaning; sketch, first draught; (bot.)

pansy, heart’s-ease. _— ultérieure_; after-thought. _S’accoutumer à la

— de la mort_; to accustom one’s self to the idea of death. _Parler

contre sa —_; to speak against one’s conviction, opinion. _Entrer dans

la — de quelqu’un_; to gather any one’s meaning, to follow any one’s

reasoning _or_ train of thought. _Lire dans la — de quelqu’un_; to read

any one’s thoughts. _Cela m’est venu dans la —_; that came into my mind.

_S’entretenir avec ses —s_; to hold converse with one’s self.

=penser=, _v.n._, to think, to believe, to imagine; to reflect, to

meditate, to deem, to be of opinion; to hope; to be on the point, to be

near, to have like; to take heed, to take care. _L’homme pense_; man is a

thinking being. _— à quelque chose_; to think of anything. _Il est venu

sans qu’on y pensât_; he came unexpectedly. _C’est un homme qui pense

bien_; he is a man who thinks well. _Il l’a fait sans y —_; he did it

unwittingly. _À quoi pensez-vous, de faire cela?_ what do you mean by

doing that? _— à mal_; to have some ill design, to mean harm. _Il pensait

à me surprendre_; he thought to surprise me. _Il a pensé mourir_; he

nearly lost his life. _J’ai pensé tomber_; I was near falling. _À ce que

je pense_; to my mind, in my mind, in my opinion. _Façon de —_; way of

thinking. _— à soi_; to look to one’s self, to take care of one’s self.

_Faire —_; to remind. _Cela donne bien à —_; that is very suggestive,

_or_ food for reflection. _Pensez donc!_ just think of it! just imagine!

=penser=, _v.a._, to think, to think of. _Il ne dit jamais ce qu’il

pense_; he never says what he thinks. _— du bien de_; to think well of.

_— à quelque chose pour faire réussir une affaire_; to think of something

to bring a matter to a successful issue. _Que pensez-vous de cela?_ what

think you of that? _Pensez à moi_; think of me. _Que pensez-vous de lui?_

what is your opinion of him?

=penser=, _n.m._, inward reasoning, thought.

=penseur=, _n.m._ and _adj._, thinker; thinking, reflecting, thoughtful.

=pensi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, pensive, thoughtful.

=pension=, _n.f._, pension, annuity, allowance, payment; board; board

and lodging; boarding-house; boarding-school; livery (of horses);

(milit.) mess. _Prendre quelqu’un en —_; to receive any one as a boarder.

_Se mettre en —_; to go to a boarding-house. _— bourgeoise_; family

boarding-house. _Mettre ses chevaux en —_; to put one’s horses out at

livery. _Mettre son fils en —_; to place one’s son at a boarding-school.

_— de demoiselles_; young ladies’ boarding-school, seminary for young

ladies. _— de jeunes gens_; boarding-school for young gentlemen,

seminary for young gentlemen. _— de retraite_; retiring pension. _Obtenir

une —_; to obtain a pension. _— viagère_; life-annuity. _Demi-—_; board.

=pensionnaire=, _n.m.f._, boarder; pensioner; pensionary (in Holland).

_Demi-—_; day-boarder. _Prendre des —s_; to take in boarders.

=pensionnat=, _n.m._, boarding-school.

=pensionner=, _v.a._, to pension, to grant a pension to.

=pensum= (pin-som), _n.m._, (_—s_) imposition, extra task (at school).

_Donner pour —_; to give as an extra task.

=pent=, =penta=, prefix from Gr. πέντε.

=pentacorde=, _n.m._, (mus.) pentachord.

=pentagone=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (geom., fort.) pentagon; pentagonal.

=pentamètre=, _n.m._ and _adj._, pentameter.

=pentandrie=, _n.f._, (bot.) pentandria.

=pentaphylle=, _adj._, (bot.) pentaphyllous.

=pentateuque=, _n.m._, (Bible) Pentateuch.

=pente=, _n.f._, declivity, inclination, slope, descent; acclivity,

ascent; incline, gradient; pitch (of roofs); valance (of a bed); (nav.)

sides (of an awning); propensity, bent, turn. _Le terrain va en —_; the

ground shelves down. _Aller en —_; to slope, to shelve, to incline.

_Avoir de la — au plaisir_; to have a natural propensity for pleasure.

=pentecôte= (pant-kôt), _n.f._, Whitsuntide, Pentecost. _Dimanche de la

—_; Whitsunday.

=pentière= (-tièr), _n.f._ _V._ =pantière=.

=penture=, _n.f._, iron-work, iron-brace; (tech.) hinge. _— de sabords_;

(nav.) googings of the port-lids. _—s en fer à cheval_; scuttle-hinges.

=pénultième= (-ti-em), _adj._, last but one; (gram.) penultimate.

=pénultième=, _n.f._, (gram.) penult, penultima.

=pénurie=, _n.f._, penury, want, scarcity, dearth.

=péone=, _n.f._ _V._ =pivoine= (bot.).

=péotte=, _n.f._, peotta, large gondola.

=péperin=, _n.m._, peperine (volcanic stone).

=pépie=, _n.f._, pip, roup (disease of birds); (fig.) thirst. _Elle

n’a point la —_; she is not tongue-tied. _Il a la —_; he is for ever

drinking; he is always dry.

=pépier=, _v.n._, to chirp, to pip.

=pépin=, _n.m._, (bot.) kernel, pip, stone. _— de raisin_; grapestone.

=pépinière=, _n.f._, (hort.) nursery.

=pépiniériste=, _n.m._, nursery-man.

=pépite=, _n.f._, (min.) nugget.

=péplon= _or_ =péplum=, _n.m._, (antiq.) peplus (lady’s cloak).

=pepsine=, _n.f._, (chem. pharm.) pepsine.

=péquin=, _n.m._, civilian, snob.

=percale=, _n.f._, cambric; muslin.

=percaline=, _n.f._, glazed calico; (bookbind.) cloth.

=perçant=, =-e=, _adj._, piercing, sharp, keen, shrill, acute. _Froid —_;

piercing cold. _Vent —_; sharp, keen wind. _Des yeux —s_; sharp, piercing

eyes. _Des cris —s_; piercing cries. _Voix —e_; shrill voice.

=perce=, _n.f._, piercer, borer, drill.

_en_ =perce=, _adv._, broached, tapped. _Mettre en —_; to prick, to

pierce. _Mettre du vin en —_; to broach a cask of wine.

=percé=, =-e=, _part._, pierced, bored, in holes; out at elbows. _Habit

—_; coat in holes. _Avoir le cœur —_; to be struck to the heart. _Maison

bien —e_; well-lighted house. _Paysage bien —_; broad, well-opened out

landscape. _Chaise —e_; close-stool. _Il est bas —_; he is low in cash.

_Fruits —s de vers_; worm-eaten fruits. _C’est un panier —_; money burns

his pocket, he is a spendthrift.

=perce-bois=, _n.m._, (_—_) (ent.) borer, wood-borer; death-watch.

=percée=, _n.f._, _or_ =percé=, _n.m._, opening, cutting (in a wood),

vista, glade. _Faire une — dans_; to hew a passage through.

=perce-feuille=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) (bot.) thorough-wax, hare’s ear.

=perce-forêt=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (fam., l.u.) keen sportsman.

=perce-lettre=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) bodkin (for piercing paper).

=percement=, _n.m._, piercing, opening; cutting, boring; perforation.

=perce-mousse=, _n.f._, _or_ =perce-neige=, _n.f._, (_—_) (bot.)

snow-drop.

*=perce-oreille=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (ent.) earwig.

=perce-pierre=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_). _V._ =passe-pierre=.

=percepteur=, _n.m._, collector (of taxes); gatherer. _— des impôts_;

tax-gatherer, collector.

=perceptibilité=, _n.f._, perceptibility, liability to collection (as

taxes).

=perceptible=, _adj._, collectible; perceptible, perceivable.

=perceptiblement=, _adv._, perceptibly.

=perception=, _n.f._, the faculty of perceiving, perception; gathering,

collecting; receipt; collectorship; collector’s office.

=percer=, _v.a._, to bore, to drill, to pierce, to tap, to broach, to

open; to penetrate, to see through; to thrill; to lance; (engineering) to

tunnel; to wet through (of rain). _— avec un foret_; to drill, to pierce.

_— d’outre en outre_; to run through and through. _— un ais_; to bore a

plank. _— un tonneau_; to tap a cask. _— un escadron_; to cut a passage

through a squadron. _— avec le bec_; to peck through. _— d’un coup

d’épée_; to run through the body. _— l’avenir_; to dive into the future.

_Les os lui percent la peau_; his bones are coming through his skin. _—

un abcès_; to lance, to open an abscess. _— une forêt_; to open up, _or_

to make a road through, a forest. _— une porte dans un mur_; to open a

door in a wall.

_se_ =percer=, _v.r._, to bore, to be bored; to pierce one’s self, to be

pierced.

=percer=, _v.n._, to pierce, to pierce through, to break, to break

through, to come out, to come through, to open; to appear, to peep out,

to peep forth, to transpire; to show one’s self, to discover one’s self,

to manifest one’s self; to rise, to make one’s way, to get on; to make

one’s way through a crowd. _Les dents vont bientôt — à cet enfant_; that

child’s teeth will soon come through, that child will soon cut his teeth.

_Cette tumeur percera d’elle-même_; that tumor will break, burst, of

itself. _— par son mérite_; to rise, _or_ to make one’s way, by one’s

merit. _Si compacte que soit la foule, perçons toujours_; however dense

the crowd may be, let us break through all the same.

=perces=, _n.f.pl._, holes of wind instruments.

=perce-roche=, _n.f._, (zoöl.) terebella.

=perceur=, _n.m._, borer.

=percevoir=, _v.a._, to receive, to gather, to levy, to collect (taxes);

(philos.) to perceive.

=perche=, _n.f._, perch, pole; perch (measure); (hunt.) horns; (ich.)

perch. _— commune_; barse. _Petite —_; cole-perch. _Grande —_; (pers.)

walking rushlight, lanky person.

=perché=, _n.m._, perched, perched up, roosting. _Au —_; when perched,

when roosting.

=percher=, _v.n._, to perch.

_se_ =percher=, _v.r._, to perch one’s self, to perch, to roost.

=percheronne=, _n.m.f._, horse _or_ mare (native of la Perche).

=perchette=, _n.f._, pole, prop, stay.

=percheur=, _n.m._ and _adj._, perching, roosting; percher (ornith.)

titlark.

=perchlorure=, _n.m._, (chem.) bichloride, perchloride.

=perchoir=, _n.m._, roost.

=perclus=, =-e=, _adj._, (med.) crippled, impotent. _Avoir le cerveau —_;

to be wanting in sense, in judgment.

=perçoir=, _n.m._, piercer (to tap casks).

=perçu=, =-e=, _part._, collected.

=percussion=, _n.f._, percussion, reverberation.

=percutant=, =-e=, _adj._, (artil.) percussion. _Fusée —_;

percussion-fuse.

=percuter=, _v.a._, to percuss.

=perdable=, _adj._, losable.

=perdant=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, loser; losing.

=perdition=, _n.f._, waste, wreck, ruin; perdition, destruction. _S’en

aller en —_; to go to ruin, to go to wrack and ruin. _Flotte de —_;

accursed fleet. _En —_; (of ships) sinking, in great distress.

=perdre=, _v.a._, to lose, to be deprived of, to be out of pocket; to

waste, to ruin, to be the ruin of, to undo, to corrupt, to debauch; to

spoil; (nav.) to carry away; (nav.) to cast away; (tech.) to discharge

(water). _— la santé_; to lose one’s health. _— la raison_; to lose

one’s reason, mind. _— haleine_; to lose one’s breath. _— la tête_,

_la carte_; to lose one’s wits, one’s head. _— une gageure_; to lose a

wager. _— quelqu’un de réputation_; to defame any one. _— l’occasion_;

to lose the opportunity. _— une chose de vue_; to lose sight of a thing.

_Ses débauches le perdront_; his debauchery will be the ruin of him.

_L’inondation a perdu les blés_; the floods have spoilt the crops. _Y —

son latin_; not to be able to make it out.

_se_ =perdre=, _v.r._, to be lost, to lose one’s self, to lose one’s

way, to stray; to be cast away; to have a rambling way of arguing; to

be nonplused; to disappear, to fall into disuse; to ruin one’s self;

to go to ruin, to go to wrack and ruin; to spoil, to be spoilt; to get

bewildered; to be at a loss; (nav.) to be carried away; (nav.) to be

cast away; to hole one’s own ball (at billiards). _Je m’y perds_; I am

getting bewildered; I cannot make head or tail of it. _Se — d’honneur_;

to disgrace one’s self.

=perdre=, _v.n._, to lose, to be a loser, to be out of pocket; (nav.) to

ebb. _La marée perd_; the tide is ebbing.

=perdreau=, _n.m._, (orni.) young partridge.

=perdrigon=, _n.m._, Perdrigon-plum.

=perdrix=, _n.f._, (orni.) partridge. _— grise_; common partridge. _—

rouge_; red-legged partridge. _Couple de —_; brace of partridges. _Œil de

—_; soft corn.

=perdu=, =-e=, _part._, lost, ruined, wasted; bewildered; undermined;

spoilt; stray, forlorn, obsolete, out of use. _— de dettes_; over head

and ears in debt. _— de réputation_; ruined in reputation. _Courir_,

_crier_, _comme un —_; to run, to cry, like mad, like a madman. _Un de —

deux de retrouvés_; there’s as good fish in the sea as ever was caught

_or_ when one door shuts another opens. _C’est du bien —_; it is casting

pearls before swine. _Tirer à coups —s_; to shoot at random. _Pays —_;

out-of-the-way, deserted country. _À corps —_; headlong, desperately.

_Heures —es_; spare time, leisure hours. _Un bienfait n’est jamais —_; a

good action never remains unrewarded. _Enfants —s_ or _sentinelle —e_;

(milit.) forlorn hope. _Salle des pas —s_; outer hall, waiting hall

(courts of law).

=père=, _n.m._, father, parent; sire; man, fellow. _— de famille_;

father of a family. _Nos —s_; our forefathers. _—s du désert_; old

anchorites. _Le saint-—_, _le très saint-—_, _notre saint-—_, _notre

très saint-—_, _le — des fidèles_, _le — des Chrétiens_; (c.rel.) the

pope. _— spirituel_; father confessor. _Beau-—_, (_—x-—s_) father-in-law;

step-father. _— nourricier_; foster-father. _— la joie_; frank, gay,

hearty fellow. _— aux écus_; man with a great deal of money. _De — en

fils_; from father to son, from sire to son. _— noble_; (thea.) heavy

father, old man. _Dormir_, or _s’endormir_, _avec ses —s_; to sleep with

one’s fathers. _Petit —_; dada, papa. _De —_; fatherly, paternal.

=pérégrination=, _n.f._, peregrination.

=pérégrinité=, _n.f._, (jur.) alienage, alienism, alienship.

=péremption=, _n.f._, (jur.) limitation, nonsuit.

=péremptoire=, _adj._, peremptory.

=péremptoirement= (-tôar-mān), _adv._, peremptorily.

☉=pérennial=, =-e= (-rè-n-nial), _adj._, perennial.

=pérennité=, _n.f._, perpetuity.

=péréquation=, _n.f._, assessment, equal distribution.

=perfectibilité=, _n.f._, perfectibility.

=perfectible=, _adj._, perfectible.

=perfection=, _n.f._, perfection, completeness. _Le plus haut degré de

—_; the acme of perfection. _La — en personne_; perfection personified,

the pink of perfection. _En —_; to perfection.

=perfectionnement= (-sio-n-mān), _n.m._, improvement, perfecting,

finishing. _Leçons de —_; finishing lessons.

=perfectionner=, _v.a._, to perfect, to bring to perfection; to improve;

to improve upon. _— ce que les autres ont inventé_; to improve on the

inventions of others.

_se_ =perfectionner=, _v.r._, to perfect one’s self; to improve one’s

self; to improve.

=perfide=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, perfidious, treacherous, false,

false-hearted person; perfidious, treacherous, false. _Le — m’a trahi_;

the perfidious man betrayed me.

=perfidement= (-fid-mān), _adv._, perfidiously, falsely, treacherously,

basely.

=perfidie=, _n.f._, perfidy, perfidiousness; treachery;

false-heartedness, treacherousness; treacherous action, treacherous

thing. _Faire une —_; to commit an act of perfidy.

=perfolié=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) perfoliate, perfoliated.

=perforage=, _n.m._, boring; perforation.

=perforant=, =-e=, _adj._, perforating; perforative.

=perforateur=, _n.m._, (tech.) perforator.

=perforati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (surg.) perforative.

=perforation=, _n.f._, perforation.

=perforer=, _v.a._, to perforate, to bore.

=péri=, _n.m._, peri (Persian fairy).

=périanthe=, _n.m._, (bot.) perianth, perianthium.

=périapte=, _n.m._, periapt.

=péribole=, _n.m._, (arch.) peribolus.

=péricarde=, _n.m._, (anat.) pericardium.

=péricardite=, _n.f._, (med.) pericarditis.

=péricarpe=, _n.m._, (bot.) seed-vessel, pericarp.

=périchondre=, _n.m._, (anat.) perichondrium.

=péricliter=, _v.n._, to be in danger, in jeopardy; to threaten to fall

(of building).

=péricrâne=, _n.m._, (anat.) pericranium.

=péridot=, _n.m._, chrysolite, peridot, olivine.

=péridrome=, _n.m._, (arch.) peridrome.

=périgée=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (astron.) perigee, perigeum; in its perigee.

=périgourdin=, =-e=, _adj._, of Perigord. _n._, native of Perigord.

=périgueux= (-gheû), _n.m._, (min.) Perigord stone.

=périhélie=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (astron.) perihelion, perihelium; in its

perihelion.

*=péril=, _n.m._, peril, danger, jeopardy, hazard, risk. _Au — de ma

vie_; at the hazard of my life. _Être en — de ta vie_; to be in danger of

one’s life. _Prendre une affaire à ses risques et —s_; to run the risk of

anything; to take all the risks. _Mettre en —_; to endanger, to put in

jeopardy.

*=périlleusement=, _adv._, perilously, dangerously, hazardously.

*=périlleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, perilous, dangerous, hazardous.

=périmer=, _v.n._, (jur.) to be barred by limitation, to pass out of

date; to lapse, to drop.

=périmètre=, _n.m._, (geom.) perimeter.

=périnéal=, =-e=, _adj._, perinæal.

=périnée=, _n.m._, (anat.) perinæum.

=période=, _n.f._, stage, period (revolution); (med.) period; (astron.)

period; (chron.) period; (gram.) period, sentence; (mus.) phrase. _—

lunaire_; lunar period. _— bien arrondie_; well-rounded period. _—

embarrassée_; involved period.

=période=, _n.m._, pitch, summit, degree, acme, period. _Long — de

temps_; long period of time.

=périodicité=, _n.f._, periodicity.

=périodique=, _adj._, periodic, periodical; (arith.) recurring,

circulating. _Fraction —_; (arith.) circulating, recurring decimal,

repetend. _Fraction — composée_; (arith.) mixed circulating decimal.

_Style —_; full style.

=périodiquement= (-dik-mān), _adv._, periodically.

=périoste=, _n.m._, (anat.) periosteum.

=périostose=, _n.f._, (med.) periostitis.

=péripatéticien=, =-ne= (-ci-in, -è-n), _n._ and _adj._, Peripatetic.

=péripatétisme=, _n.m._, Peripateticism.

=péripétie= (-pé-ci), _n.f._, sudden turn of fortune; revolution,

vicissitude; (thea.) catastrophe, event, incident.

=périphérie=, _n.f._, (geom.) periphery.

=périphrase=, _n.f._, periphrasis, periphrase, circumlocution.

=périphraser=, _v.n._, to periphrase, to talk in a roundabout way, to

express by circumlocution.

=périple=, _n.m._, (ancient geog.) periplus.

=péripneumonie=, _n.f._, (med.) peripneumonia, peripneumony.

=périptère=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (arch.) periptery; peripteral.

=périr=, _v.n._, to perish, to decay, to die, to be lost, to be

destroyed, to sink, to fall off; (jur.) to be barred by limitation. _— de

froid_; to perish with cold. _— corps et biens_; (of ships) to be lost

with all hands. _Tôt ou tard les méchants périssent malheureusement_;

sooner or later the wicked come to an untimely end. _Faire — une armée_;

to destroy an army. _L’instance est périe_; (jur.) the suit is barred by

limitation. _Faire —_; to put to death; to do away with.

=périsciens= (-si-in), _n.m.pl._, (geog.) Periscians, Periscii.

=périssable=, _adj._, perishable.

=périssoire=, _n.f._, canoe.

=péristaltique=, _adj._, (med.) peristaltic.

=péristole=, _n.f._, (physiolog.) the peristaltic motion (of the

intestines).

=péristyle=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (arch.) peristyle; ornamented with a

peristyle.

=périsystole=, _n.f._, (physiolog.) perisystole.

=péritoine=, _n.m._, (anat.) peritoneum.

=péritonite=, _n.f._, (med.) peritonitis.

=perkale=, =perkaline=. _V._ =percale=, =percaline=.

=perlasse=, _n.f._, pearlash.

=perle=, _n.f._, pearl; bead, beading (of bracelets, necklaces); best;

(print.) pearl; (arch.) bead; (pharm.) pearl. _Nacre de —_; mother of

pearl. _— baroque_; irregular pearl. _— tube_; bugle. _Jeter des —s

devant les pourceaux_; to cast pearls before swine. _—s fines_; native,

real pearls. _Semence de —s_; the smallest pearls. _Herbe aux —s_;

gromwell, gromil. _C’est la — des hommes_; he is the best of men. _Nous

ne sommes pas ici pour enfiler des —s_; we are not here to pick straws,

_or_ to trifle our time away. _Faire la —_; to froth, to froth up (of

brandy).

=perlé=, =-e=, _adj._, pearled, set with pearls; pearly; beady; boiled

twice (of sugar); (her.) pearled; (mus.) brilliant and delicate.

_Bouillon —_; pearly broth. _Orge —_; pearl-barley.

=perler=, _v.n._, to pearl, to bead, to form globules. _v.a._, to pearl;

to give a finish to; to polish.

_se_ =perler=, _v.r._, to be, _or_ to become, pearled.

=perli-er=, =-ère=, _adj._, of pearl. _Huître —ère_; pearl-oyster.

=perlière=, _n.f._, (bot.) cudweed.

=perlimpinpin=, _n.m._, used only in: _poudre de —_; quack powder;

nostrum (pop.).

=perlon=, _n.m._, (ich.) swallow-fish, sapphirine-gurnet, tub-fish.

=perlure=, _n.f._, (hunt.) curling (of horns).

=permanence=, _n.f._, permanence, permanency. _Armée en —_; standing

army. _L’assemblée s’est déclarée en —_; the assembly declared its

sittings permanent. _En —_; permanently.

=permanent=, =-e=, _adj._, permanent, lasting; (mec.) constant.

=perméabilité=, _n.f._, permeability, perviousness.

=perméable=, _adj._, permeable, pervious.

=permettre=, _v.a._, to permit, to allow, to suffer, to give leave, to

let, to enable, to afford. _Permettez-moi de vous dire_; allow me to tell

you, let me tell you. _Permettez!_ allow me! excuse me!

_se_ =permettre=, _v.r._, to permit, to allow, to suffer one’s self (to);

to indulge; to indulge one’s self; to take the liberty (of); to take upon

one’s self (to), to assume, to dare.

=permis=, =-e=, _part._, lawful, permitted, allowed; justifiable. _S’il

m’est — de le dire_; if I may say so. _À vous — de_ or _— à vous de_;

you may if you like. _S’il m’est — de_; if I may, if I may be allowed.

_Est-il — d’entrer?_ may I come in?

=permis=, _n.m._, permit, license, pass; leave. _— de chasse_;

shooting-license. _— de circulation_; (rail.) pass. _— de séjour_;

permission to reside.

=permission=, _n.f._, permission, consent, allowance, leave, permit.

_Avec votre —_; by your leave. _Abuser de la —_; to go beyond bounds.

_Prendre la — sous son bonnet_; to take French leave.

=permixtion= (-miks-ti-on), _n.f._, permixtion.

=permutabilité=, _n.f._, commutability, permutability.

=permutable=, _adj._, (gram.) commutable.

=permutant=, _n.m._, permuter.

=permutation=, _n.f._, permutation, commutation, exchange, change. _— de

consonnes_; transposition of consonants.

=permuter=, _v.a._, to exchange, to permute, to commute, to transpose.

_se_ =permuter=, _v.r._, (gram.) to be permuted, _or_ exchanged, _or_

transposed.

=pernicieusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, perniciously, mischievously,

hurtfully, injuriously, prejudicially.

=pernicieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, pernicious, mischievous, hurtful,

injurious, prejudicial. _— à la santé_; pernicious to health.

=péroné=, _n.m._, (anat.) fibula (small bone of the leg).

=péronnelle=, _n.f._, hussy, saucy baggage, gossip; silly, talkative

woman.

=péroraison=, _n.f._, peroration.

=pérorer=, _v.n._, to harangue; to hold forth; to speechify.

=péroreur=, _n.m._, haranguer, speechifier.

=pérot=, _n.m._, sapling (of the age of two cuttings).

=pérou=, _n.m._, Peru. _Ce n’est pas le —_; it is no great thing, no

great haul.

=péroxyde=, _n.m._, (chem.) peroxide.

=perpendiculaire=, _n.f._ and _adj._, perpendicular. _Abaisser une —_; to

let fall a perpendicular. _Elever une —_; to raise a perpendicular.

=perpendiculairement= (-lèr-mān), _adv._, perpendicularly.

=perpendicularité=, _n.f._, perpendicularity.

=perpendicule=, _n.m._, (l.u.) plumb-line, perpendicle.

=perpétration=, _n.f._, (jur.) perpetration.

=perpétrer=, _v.a._, (jur.) to perpetrate, to commit.

=perpétuation=, _n.f._, perpetuation.

=perpétuel=, =-le=, _adj._, perpetual, permanent, never-ceasing, endless,

for life.

=perpétuellement= (-èl-mān), _adj._, perpetually, everlastingly.

=perpétuer=, _v.a._, to perpetuate.

_se_ =perpétuer=, _v.r._, to be perpetuated, to last, to endure, to

continue.

=perpétuité=, _n.f._, perpetuity. _À —_; forever; for life. _Condamner

aux travaux forcés à —_; to sentence to penal servitude for life.

=perplexe=, _adj._, perplexed, embarrassed, irresolute; perplexing.

=perplexité=, _n.f._, perplexity, embarrassment.

=perquisition=, _n.f._, perquisition, search; investigation. _Mandat de

—_; search-warrant. _Lancer un mandat de —_; to issue a search-warrant.

=perré=, _n.m._, (arch.) water-wing; (of the sea) pebbly shore, shingly

beach.

=perrin-dandin=, _n.m._, an ignorant, greedy judge.

=perron=, _n.m._, flight of steps (before a house); outside landing;

(arch.) perron.

=perroquet=, _n.m._, (orni.) parrot; parrot (pers.); (nav.) top-gallant

sail, gallant. _Parler comme un —_; to talk like a parrot.

=perruche=, _n.f._, she-parrot; perroquet; (nav.) mizzen top-gallant sail.

=perruque=, _n.f._, wig, periwig, peruke, pig-tail; mop, shock. _— à

nœuds_; bobwig, bobtail-wig. _Tête à —_; barber’s block; prejudiced old

man.

=perruquier=, _n.m._, wig-maker, peruke-maker; hair-dresser; barber.

=perruquière=, _n.f._, barber’s wife.

☉=pers=, =-e=, _adj._, blue; bluish.

=persan=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, Persian.

=persan=, _n.m._, Persian language.

=persane=, _n.f._, Persian woman.

=perse=, _n.f._, (geog.) Persia; Persian woman; chintz.

=perse=, _n.m._, (ancient hist.) Persian.

=persécutant=, =-e=, _adj._, troublesome, teasing.

=persécuter=, _v.a._, to persecute, to trouble, to importune, to tease;

to bore, to dun.

=persécut-eur=, =-rice=, _n._ and _adj._, persecutor, troublesome man

_or_ woman; persecuting, importunate, troublesome.

=persécution=, _n.f._, persecution, annoyance, importunity.

=persée=, _n.m._, (astron.) Perseus.

=persévéramment= (-ra-mān), _adv._, perseveringly.

=persévérance=, _n.f._, perseverance, steadiness, industry.

=persévérant=, =-e=, _adj._, persevering, steady, industrious.

=persévérer=, _v.n._, to persevere, to be steadfast, to persist in one’s

opinion. _— dans un dessein_; to persevere in a design.

=persicaire=, _n.f._, (bot.) water-pepper.

=persicot=, _n.m._, persicot (cordial).

=persienne=, _n.f._, shutter-blind, Venetian shutter. _— fixe_; louver

window.

=persiflage=, _n.m._, quizzing, bantering, banter, chaffing, chaff.

=persifler=, _v.a._, to quiz, to rally, to banter, to chaff.

=persifleur=, _n.m._, banterer, quiz. _adj._, quizzing, bantering,

chaffing.

=persil=, _n.m._, (bot.) parsley. _— d’âne_; beaked parsley. _— des

marais_; sium angustifolium _or_ marsh-parsley.

*=persillade=, _n.f._, (cook.) beef dressed with vinegar and parsley.

*=persillé=, =-e=, _adj._, spotted; blue-moldy (of cheese).

=persique=, _adj._, (arch.) Persian, Persic.

=persistance=, _n.f._, persistence, persistency.

=persistant=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) persistent, persisting.

=persister=, _v.n._, to persist (in), to keep to. _Il persiste à nier_;

he persists in denying. _Il persiste dans son sentiment_; he maintains

his opinion.

=personnage=, _n.m._, personage, person, great person, somebody; (theat.)

character, part. _C’est un sot —_; he is a silly, ignorant fellow. _Il

joue bien son —_; he plays his part well. _Je connais le —_; I know the

fellow. _Voilà un plaisant —!_ what an absurd fellow! _Tapisserie à —s_;

figured tapestry.

=personnalité=, _n.f._, personal feeling; self-love, selfishness,

egotism; personality; personal remark.

=personnat=, _n.m._, sort of benefice.

=personne=, _n.f._, person, man, woman, child, female; own self;

exterior, appearance; (gram., theol.) person. _Jeune —_; young lady,

young girl. _Parlant à sa —_; (jur.) speaking to him in person. _Les —s

de condition_; people of fashion. _Sans acception de —s_; without respect

of persons. _Il est bien fait de sa —_; he has a handsome person _or_

exterior. _J’y étais en —_; I was there in person. _Avoir soin de sa

—_; to take care of one’s self. _Il aime sa —_; he loves his dear self.

_Payer de sa —_; to expose one’s self to danger; to be in the thick

of the fight _or_ fray; (fig.) to exert one’s self. _À la première_,

_seconde_, _troisième —_; (gram.) in the first, second, third, person.

_C’est la bonté en —_; he (_or_ she) is kindness itself.

=personne=, _pron._ _m._, nobody, no man, none, no one; any body, any

one. _Il n’y a — à la maison_; there is nobody at home. _Je doute que —

y réussisse_; I doubt whether any one will _or_ would succeed in it.

=personnée=, _n._ and _adj._ _f._, (bot.) personate, masked flower;

personate, masked.

=personnel=, =-le=, _adj._, personal; selfish.

=personnel=, _n.m._, ☉personal character; staff, (all the persons

composing any establishment); staff of servants, officials, hands;

(milit., nav.) personnel.

=personnellement= (-nèl-mān), _adv._, personally.

=personnification=, _n.f._, personification, personation.

=personnifier=, _v.a._, to personify; to impersonate.

=perspecti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, perspective.

=perspective=, _n.f._, perspective, view; prospect, distance, vista,

opening. _— aérienne_; aërial perspective. _Cela borne la —_; that bounds

the prospect. _— riante_; delightful prospect. _Il a la — d’une grande

fortune_; he has a large fortune in prospect. _En —_; in the distance; in

prospect, in expectation.

=perspicace=, _adj._, perspicacious.

=perspicacité=, _n.f._, perspicacity.

=perspicuité=, _n.f._, perspicuity.

=persuader=, _v.a._, to persuade, to make to believe, to convince, to

satisfy; to imagine. _J’en suis persuadé_; I am convinced of it.

_se_ =persuader=, _v.r._, to persuade, to convince one’s self; to be

persuaded, to imagine.

=persuader=, _v.n._, to persuade, to convince.

=persuasible=, _adj._, persuasible, persuadable.

=persuasi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, persuasive; persuading, convincing,

clinching.

=persuasion=, _n.f._, persuasion, conviction, belief, opinion.

_L’éloquence a pour but la —_; the object of eloquence is to persuade.

_Agir à la — d’un autre_; to act by (the) persuasion of another.

=persuasivement=, _adv._, persuasively.

=perte=, _n.f._, loss, losings; ruin, waste, wastefulness; fall, doom. _À

—_; at a loss; (med.) flooding. _Faire une —_; to meet with a loss. _Être

en —_; to be a loser. _Courir à sa —_; to go to one’s ruin, to one’s

doom. _— de temps_; waste of time. _La — du Rhône_; (geog.) place where

the Rhone disappears beneath the rocks. _Vendre à —_; to sell at a loss.

_En pure —_; to no purpose, uselessly, in vain. _À — de vue_; as far as

the eye can reach. _Je suis en —_; I am a loser by it.

=pertinacité=, _n.f._, pertinacity.

=pertinemment= (-na-mān), _adv._, pertinently.

=pertinence=, _n.f._, pertinency.

=pertinent=, =-e=, _adj._, pertinent.

=pertuis=, _n.m._, (geog.) straits; sluice, narrow opening in a

flood-gate.

=pertuisane=, _n.f._, partisan, halberd.

=pertuisanier=, _n.m._, halberdier; warder.

=perturbat-eur=, =-rice=, _n._ and _adj._, disturber; disturbing.

=perturbation=, _n.f._, perturbation, disturbance, commotion.

=pervenche=, _n.f._, (bot.) periwinkle.

=pervers=, =-e=, _adj._, perverse, froward, untoward, wicked.

=pervers=, _n.m._, perverse, froward person; wrong-doer.

=perversion=, _n.f._, perversion.

=perversité=, _n.f._, perversity, perverseness, frowardness, untowardness.

=pervertir=, _v.a._, to pervert, to be pervertive of, to be a perverter

of. _Se —_; to be perverted.

=pervertissable=, _adj._, pervertible.

=pervertissement= (-tis-mān), _n.m._, perversion, corruption.

=pervertisseur=, _n.m._, perverter, corrupter.

=pesade=, _n.f._, (man.) pesade.

=pesage=, _n.m._, weighing; weighing-room, saddling-room.

=pesamment= (pĕ-za-mān), _adv._, heavily, ponderously, weightily,

lumpishly; slowly.

=pesant=, =-e=, _adj._, heavy, ponderous, weighty; unwieldy, lumpish;

cumbersome; sluggish, slow; full weight. _Fardeau —_; heavy burden.

_Cheval — à la main_; hard-mouthed horse. _Il a la main —e_; he has a

heavy hand. _Il a l’esprit —_; he is dull-minded. _Joug —_; heavy yoke.

_Un louis d’or —_; a louis d’or of the full weight.

=pesant=, _n.m._, weight. _Il vaut son — d’or_; he is worth his weight in

gold.

=pesant=, _adv._, weight, in weight.

=pesanteur=, _n.f._, weight, heaviness, weightiness; sluggishness,

dullness, slowness, unwieldiness; ponderosity, ponderousness; (phys.)

force of gravity, gravity. _— de tête_; heaviness in the head. _—

d’esprit_; dullness of mind.

=pesée=, _n.f._, weighing; all that is weighed at once. _Faire une —_; to

weigh.

=pèse-acide=, _n.m._, acetometer.

=pèse-lait=, _n.m._, lactometer.

=pèse-lettres=, _n.m._, letter-weigher, letter-scales.

=pèse-liqueur=, _n.m._, (_—_, or _—-—s_) hydrometer.

=peser=, _v.a._, to weigh; to ponder, to consider, to estimate. _— les

raisons de quelqu’un_; to weigh any one’s arguments. _— ses paroles_; to

weigh one’s words.

=peser=, _v.n._, to weigh, to be of weight, to be heavy; to hang upon; to

bear upon; to lean, to lie heavy; to be a burden; to dwell upon. _Viande

qui pèse sur l’estomac_; meat that lies heavy upon the stomach. _Cela me

pèse sur le cœur_; that lies heavy upon my heart. _— sur un levier_; to

bear upon a lever.

=pesette=, _n.f._, assay-scales.

=peseur=, _n.m._, weigher.

=peson=, _n.m._, steelyard.

=pessaire=, _n.m._, (med.) pessary.

=pesse=, _n.f._, (bot.) mare’s tail.

=pessimisme=, _n.m._, pessimism.

=pessimiste=, _n.m._, pessimist.

=peste=, _n.f._, plague, pestilence, pest, torment; bore, nuisance;

stench. _La flatterie est la — des cours_; flattery is the plague of

courts. _— soit du fou!_ plague on the fool! _— soit de!_ out upon!

=peste=, _adj._, sly, arch.

=peste!= _int._, plague on it! the deuce! by Jove! hang it! bless me!

indeed!

=pester=, _v.n._, to inveigh against, to bluster, to storm, to rave. _Il

peste contre ses juges_; he rails, (swears) at his judges. _— entre chair

et cuir_; to fret and fume in secret.

=pestifère=, _adj._, (l.u.) pestiferous, pestilential.

=pestiféré=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, person infected with the plague;

plague-stricken.

=pestilence=, _n.f._, pestilence.

=pestilent=, =-e=, _adj._, pestilential.

=pestilentiel=, =-le= (-ci-èl), _adj._, pestilential, infectious,

contagious.

=pet=, _n.m._, (l.ex.) fart, wind. _Un — de nonne_; apple-fritter.

=pétale=, _n.m._, (bot.) petal, flower-leaf.

=pétalé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) petalous, petaled.

=pétalisme=, _n.m._, (antiq.) petalism.

=pétalite=, _n.f._, petalite.

=pétaloide=, _adj._, petaloid.

=pétarade=, _n.f._, (of animals) farting; trumpeting with the mouth;

cracking; noise of crackers.

=pétard=, _n.m._, (milit.) petard; (fireworks) cracker.

=pétarder=, _v.a._, to blow up with a petard.

=pétardier=, _n.m._, one who makes petards.

=pétase=, _n.m._, (antiq.) petasus; broad-brimmed hat.

=pétaud=, _n.m._ _C’est la cour du roi —_; it is Bedlam broken loose;

Dover court.

=pétaudière=, _n.f._, bear-garden, tumultuous assembly.

=pétéchial=, =-e=, _adj._, (med.) petechial. _Fièvre —e_; petechial fever.

=pétéchies=, _n.f.pl._, (med.) petechiæ.

=pet-en-l’air=, _n.m._, (_—_) man’s short morning gown.

=péter=, _v.n._, (l.ex.) to burst; to break, to snap; to crackle, to

crack; to bounce; to fart, to break wind; (of fire-arms) to explode, to

burst.

=péteu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, (l.ex.) sorry fellow, milksop.

*=pétillant=, =-e=, _adj._, crackling, sparkling.

*=pétillement=, _n.m._, crackling, sparkling.

*=pétiller=, _v.n._, to crackle; to sparkle; to long to do a thing, to

be eager to. _Son ouvrage pétille d’esprit_; his work sparkles with wit.

_Ses yeux pétillent_; his eyes sparkle. _— d’impatience_; to boil over

with impatience.

=pétiolaire= (-ci-), _adj._, (bot.) petiolary.

=pétiole= (-ci-), _n.m._, (bot.) petiole, leaf-stalk.

=pétiolé=, =-e= (-ci-), _adj._, (bot.) petiolate.

=petiot=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, tiny, wee; little fellow, little one;

darling.

=petit=, =-e=, _adj._, little, small, diminutive, short, unimportant,

petty, slight, trifling; light; faint; grand (of one’s children’s

children). _—-fils_ (_—s-—_); grandson. _Un — homme_; a little man.

_Un homme —_; a mean man. _Un — roi_; a petty king. _Le — peuple_;

the common people. _Le — monde_; the common people. _—e guerre_. _V._

=guerre=. _— collet_; young clergyman. _—e vérole_; small-pox. _De la —e

bière_; small-beer. _— à —_; by degrees. _—-maître_, (_—s-—s_) coxcomb.

_—e-maîtresse_, (_—s-—s_) belle; vain, foppish woman. _— à — l’oiseau

fait son nid_; small strokes fell great oaks. _Les —s ruisseaux font les

grandes rivières_; many a little makes a mickle. _En —_, _au — pied_; in

miniature, on a small scale. _En — pays_; in a small way. _Être aux —s

soins pour_; to be all attention to. _— mercier — panier_; (prov.) small

positions for small brains.

=petit=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, little child; little one; dear, darling;

young one; whelp, pup, kitten, cub. _Les petits_; (at school) the junior

boys. _Les —s d’une chienne_; the pups of a bitch. _Les —s d’une truie_;

the litter of a sow. _Faire des —s_; to bring forth young ones. _Pauvre

—_; poor little fellow _or_ chap.

=petitement= (pĕtit-mān), _adv._, in a small way; little; slenderly,

meanly, poorly. _Il est logé —_; he has modest lodgings, he is cramped

for room.

=petite-oie=, _n.f._, (_n.p._) (cook.) giblets; ☉stockings, gloves, hat

and other minor parts of clothing; ☉minor tokens of love.

=petitesse=, _n.f._, smallness, littleness, shortness, insignificance;

meanness, shabbiness; shallowness, narrowness. _— d’âme_; meanness of

soul. _— d’esprit_; narrowness of mind. _C’est une — de sa part_; it is a

piece of meanness on his part.

=petit-gris=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) minever, Siberian squirrel.

=pétition=, _n.f._, petition, memorial, request. _Faire une —_; to draw

up, to address, a petition. _Faire présenter une —_; to petition, to

memorialize. _— de principe_; (log.) petitio principii, begging the

question.

=pétitionnaire=, _n.m.f._, petitioner, applicant.

=pétitionnement=, _n.m._, petitioning, memorializing.

=pétitionner=, _v.n._, to make a request, to petition, to memorialize.

=pétitoire=, _adj._, (jur.) petitory (claiming the right of property in

real estate).

=pétitoire=, _n.m._, (jur.) claim of ownership.

=peton=, _n.m._, foot (of children); tiny foot.

=pétoncle=, _n.m._, (conch.) scallop.

=pétreau=, _n.m._, (gard.) sucker (of a tree).

=pétrée=, _adj.f._, (geog.) stony. [Only used in _Arabie —_; Arabia

Petræa.]

=pétrel=, _n.m._, (orni.) petrel.

=pétreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, (anat.) stone-like; rocky, stony.

=pétri=, =-e=, _part._, kneaded. _C’est un homme tout — de salpêtre_; he

is a passionate _or_ violent-tempered man. _— d’ignorance_; steeped in

ignorance.

=pétrifiant=, =-e=, _adj._, petrifying.

=pétrification=, _n.f._, petrifaction, petrification.

=pétrifier=, _v.a._, to petrify.

_se_ =pétrifier=, _v.r._, to petrify, to turn into stone.

=pétrin=, _n.m._, kneading-trough; scrape, hobble, pickle; hot-water.

_Se mettre dans le —_; to get into hot-water, into a scrape. _Un —

impossible_; terrible, indescribable disorder, confusion.

=pétrir=, _v.a._, to knead, to mold, to form.

=pétrissable=, _adj._, that can be kneaded; (fig.) yielding, pliant,

submissive, obedient, easily led.

=pétrissage=, _n.m._, kneading, working, forming.

=pétrisseur=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, kneader, journeyman-baker. _—

mécanique_; kneading machine.

=pétrole=, _n.m._, petroleum, rock-oil.

=pétroleu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, miscreant who commits arson by means

of petroleum (as in France under the Commune).

=pétrosilex= (-lèks), _n.m._, (min.) petrosilex.

_in_ =petto= (i-n pèt-to), _adv._, in petto, secretly, inwardly.

=pétulamment= (-la-mān), _adv._, petulantly.

=pétulance=, _n.f._, petulance, petulancy.

=pétulant=, =-e=, _adj._, petulant; saucy, frisky.

☉=petun=, _n.m._, tobacco, snuff.

☉=petuner=, _v.n._, to take snuff; to smoke.

=pétunia=, _n.m._, (bot.) petunia.

=pétunsé= _or_ =pétunzé=, _n.m._, petunse, china-stone.

=peu=, _adv._, little, not much, few, not many. _— ou point_; little or

nothing. _Ni — ni point_; none at all. _— d’argent_; little money. _—

d’hommes_; few men. _— aimable_; not very amiable. _Fort —_; very little.

_Quelque —_; a little. _Si — que_; however little. _Si — que rien_; next

to nothing. _Tant soit —_; ever so little. _— à —_; by degrees. _Dans —_,

_dans — de temps_; in a little _or_ short time. _Dans — de jours_; in a

few days. _À — près_, _à — de chose près_; nearly about, within a trifle.

_Attendez un —_; wait a little. _Imaginez un —!_ just fancy! _Pour —

que_; if only ... if at all ... if ... ever so little.

=peu=, _n.m._, little, few. _Le — que je vaux_; the little (that) I am

worth. _Encore un —_; a little longer; a little more. _Se contenter de

—_; to be contented with little. _Vivre de —_; to live on next to nothing.

=peulvan= _or_ =peulven=, _n.m._, (archæol.) menhir.

=peuplade=, _n.f._, colony; tribe; horde.

=peuple=, _adj._, (l.u.) vulgar, common.

=peuplé=, =-e=, _adj._, peopled; stocked; planted (with); filled (with).

=peuple=, _n.m._, people, nation, race, tribe; multitude, crowd,

citizens, working classes, lower classes; vulgar; fry (fish); sucker (of

a plant); ☉(bot.) poplar; (techn.) deal-wood. _Le menu —_, _le bas —_,

_le petit —_; the common people. _La lie du —_; the scum of the people.

_Mettre du — dans un étang_; to stock a pond with fry.

=peuplement=, _n.m._, peopling; stocking a poultry-yard, a pond; planting

new trees.

=peupler=, _v.a._, to people, to populate; to stock with inhabitants; to

stock with animals; to plant, to propagate; to breed.

_se_ =peupler=, _v.r._, to become peopled.

=peupler=, _v.n._, to multiply, to breed.

=peuplier=, _n.m._, poplar.

=peur=, _n.f._, fear, fright; dread, terror. _Avoir —_; to be afraid.

_Avoir grand’peur_; to be in great fear. _Mourir de —_; to be frightened

to death, to die of fright. _Faire — à quelqu’un_; to frighten any one.

_Sans —_; fearless. _En être quitte pour la —_; to get off with the

fright; to be merely frightened. _Avoir — de son ombre_; to be afraid

of one’s shadow. _Être mis à faire —_; to look a fright. _Avoir plus de

— que de mal_; to be more frightened than hurt. _De — de_; for fear of.

_De — que_; lest, for fear that. _De — qu’il ne le sache_; lest he should

know it.

=peureu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, fearful, timid, timorous.

=peut-être=, _adj._, perhaps, may be, perchance, peradventure. _—

viendra-t-il_, _— qu’il viendra_; perhaps he will come. _— que oui_;

perhaps so.

=peut-être=, _n.m._, perhaps, supposition. _Il n’y a pas de —_; there is

no perhaps in the matter.

=phaéton=, _n.m._, phaeton, (fam.) Jehu, driver.

=phagédénique=, _adj._, (med.) phagedenic.

=phagédénisme=, _n.m._, (med.) phagedena.

=phalange=, _n.f._, phalanx, battalion, band; force, host; (anat.)

phalanx.

=phalanger=, _n.m._, (mam.) phalanger.

=phalangite=, _n.m._, soldier of a phalanx.

=phalanstère=, _n.m._, phalanstery.

=phalanstérien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _n._ and _adj._, phalansterian.

=phalaris= (-ris), _n.m._, (bot.) phalaris, canary grass.

=phalarope=, _n.m._, (orni.) phalarope.

=phalène=, _n.f._, (ent.) moth.

=phaleuce= _or_ =phaleuque=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (Gr. and Lat. poet.)

hendecasyllable; hendecasyllabic.

=phallique=, _adj._, phallic.

=phanérogame=, _n.f._ and _adj._, (bot.) phanerogamic plant;

phanerogamous.

=phantaisie=, _n.f._ _V._ =fantaisie=.

=phantasmagorie=, _n.f._ _V._ =fantasmagorie=.

=phantasmagorique=, _adj._ _V._ =fantasmagorique=.

=pharaon=, _n.m._, Pharaoh.

=pharaon=, _n.m._, faro, pharaon (card game).

=pharaonique=, _adj._, Pharaonic.

=phare=, _n.m._, light-house, beacon, beacon-light. _— flottant_;

light-ship.

*=pharillon=, _n.m._, lantern (used by fishermen to attract fish at

night).

=pharisaïque=, _adj._, Pharisaic, Pharisaical.

=pharisaïsme=, _n.m._, Pharisaism.

=pharisien= (-zi-in), _n.m._, =-ne= (-zi-è-n), _n.f._, Pharisee.

=pharmaceutique=, _n.f._ and _adj._, pharmaceutics; pharmaceutical.

=pharmacie=, _n.f._, pharmacy; chemist’s shop; apothecary’s shop,

apothecary’s business; medicine chest; dispensary. _— domestique_;

medicine chest.

=pharmacien= (-in), _n.m._, apothecary; chemist and druggist.

=pharmacologie=, _n.f._, pharmacology.

=pharmacologique=, _adj._, relating to pharmacology.

=pharmacopée=, _n.f._, pharmacopœia.

=pharmacopole=, _n.m._, (jest.) pharmacopolist; vendor of drugs.

=pharyngite=, _n.f._, (med.) pharyngitis.

=pharynx=, _n.m._, pharynx.

=phase=, _n.f._, phase, phasis; aspect; stage, period, turn.

=phaséole=, _n.f._ _V._ =faséole=.

=phébé=, _n.f._, (poet.) the moon.

=phébus= (-bûs), _n.m._, (myth.) Phœbus; (fig.) ranter, fine talker;

bombast, fustian. _Parler —_; to talk fustian, to rant. _Donner dans le

—_; to write fustian.

=phénicien=, =-ne= (-ci-in, -ci-è-n), _n._ and _adj._, Phœnician.

=phénicoptère=, _n.m._, (orni.) phenicopter, flamingo.

=phénique=, _adj._, (chem.) carbolic, phenic.

=phénix= (fé-niks), _n.m._, phenix, fabulous bird; (astron.) Phenix.

_C’est un —_; he is a very marvel.

=phénol=, _n.m._, phenol.

=phénoménal=, =-e=, _adj._, phenomenal.

=phénomène=, _n.m._, phenomenon. _C’est un — que de vous voir ici_; it is

quite a miracle, a wonder, to see you here.

=phil-= _or_ =philo-=, a prefix from Gr. φίλος.

=philanthrope=, _n.m._, philanthropist.

=philanthropie=, _n.f._, philanthropy.

=philanthropique=, _adj._, philanthropic.

=philharmonique=, _adj._, philharmonic.

=philhellène=, _n.m.f._, philhellenist.

=philinte=, _n.m._, (fig.) everybody’s friend.

=philippique=, _n.f._, philippic.

=philistin=, _n.m._, philistine; (fig.) snob, cockney, vulgar fellow.

=phillyrée=, _n.f._, (bot.) phillyrea.

=philologie=, _n.f._, philology.

=philologique=, _adj._, philological.

=philologue=, _n.m._, philologist.

=philomathique=, _adj._, philomathic.

=philomèle=, _n.f._, (poet.) philomela (the nightingale).

=philosophale=, _adj.f._, philosopher’s. _Pierre —_; philosopher’s stone.

=philosophe=, _n.m._, philosopher.

=philosopher=, _v.n._, to philosophize.

=philosophie=, _n.f._, philosophy; (print.) small pica; sixth form (in

French public-schools).

=philosophique=, _adj._, philosophical.

=philosophiquement= (-fik-mān), _adv._, philosophically.

=philosophisme=, _n.m._, philosophism.

=philosophiste=, _n.m._, philosophist.

=philotechnique= (-tèk-nik), _adj._, philotechnic.

=philtre=, _n.m._, philter.

=phimosis= (-zis), _n.m._, (med.) phimosis.

=phlébite=, _n.f._, (med.) phlebitic.

=phlébotome=, _n.m._, (surg.) lancet (for bleeding).

=phlébotomie=, _n.f._, phlebotomy.

=phlébotomiser=, _v.a._, to phlebotomize.

=phlébotomiste=, _n.m._, phlebotomist.

=phlegmagogue=, _adj._, expectorant.

=phlegmasie=, _n.f._, phlegmasy.

=phlegmatique=, _adj._ _V._ =flegmatique=.

=phlegme=, _n.m._ _V._ =flegme=.

=phlegmon=, _n.m._, (med.) phlegmon.

=phlegmoneu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, (med.) phlegmonous.

☉=phlogistique=, _n.m._, (chem.) phlogiston.

=phlogose=, _n.f._, (med.) inflammation.

=phlox=, _n.m._, (bot.) phlox.

=phlyctène=, _n.f._, (med.) bulla, blister.

=phœnicure=, _n.m._, (orni.) red-start, red-tail.

=pholade=, _n.f._, (conch.) pholas.

=phonétique=, _adj._, phonetic.

=phonique=, _n.f._ and _adj._, phonics; phonic.

=phonograph=, _n.m._, phonograph; (pers.) phonographer.

=phonographie=, _n.f._, phonography.

=photographique=, _adj._, phonographical.

=phonolithe=, _n.m._, (min.) phonolite.

=phonologie=, _n.f._, phonology.

=phonomètre=, _n.m._, (phys.) phonometer (to measure the intensity of

sound).

=phoque=, _n.m._, (mam.) phoca, seal, sea-dog.

=phormion= _or_ =phormione=, _n.m._, (bot.) phormium.

=phosphate=, _n.m._, (chem.) phosphate.

=phosphite=, _n.m._, (chem.) phosphite.

=phosphore=, _n.m._, phosphorus.

=phosphorescence=, _n.f._, phosphorescence.

=phosphorescent=, =-e=, _adj._, phosphorescent.

=phosphoreux=, _adj._, phosphorous.

=phosphorique=, _adj._, phosphoric.

=phosphure=, _n.m._, phosphuret.

=phosphuré=, =-e=, _adj._, phosphureted.

=photographe=, _n.m._, photographist, photographer.

=photographie=, _n.f._, photography, photograph.

=photographier=, _v.a._, to photograph.

=photographique=, _adj._, photographic.

=photolithographie=, _n.f._, photolithography.

=photomètre=, _n.m._, (phys.) photometer.

=photométrie=, _n.f._, photometry.

=photométrique=, _adj._, photometric.

=photophobie=, _n.f._, (med.) photophobia.

=photosphère=, _n.f._, (astron.) photosphere.

=phrasaire=, _n.m._, phrase-book.

=phrase=, _n.f._, phrase, sentence, affected style, empty talk, twaddle.

_— faite_; idiomatic phrase. _Faire des —s_; to talk in set phrases. _—

toute faite_; common-place, common topic. _Membre de —_; clause.

=phrasé=, =-e=, _part._ _adj._, phrased.

=phraséologie=, _n.f._, phraseology.

=phraser=, _v.a._ and _n._, (mus.) to mark the phrases; to form phrases,

to phrase.

=phraseur= _or_ =phrasier=, _n.m._, (fam.) phraseologist; prolix,

verbose, tedious writer or talker, twaddler; bombastic writer.

=phrénésie=, =phrénétique=. _V._ =frénésie=, =frénétique=.

=phrénique=, _adj._, (anat.) phrenic.

=phrénologie=, _n.f._, phrenology.

=phrénologique=, _adj._, phrenologic.

=phrénologiste= _or_ =phrénologue=, _n.m._, phrenologist.

=phrygien=, =-ne=, _adj._, phrygian. _Bonnet —_; phrygian cap (the cap

of Liberty). _Mode —_; (mus.) warlike music (in use among the ancient

Greeks).

=phtiriasis=, _n.f._, (med.) pedicular disease.

=phtisie=, _n.f._, (med.) phthisis, consumption. _Être atteint de la —_;

to be in consumption, to be consumptive.

=phtisique=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, consumptive person, person in

consumption; phthisical, consumptive.

=phylactère=, _n.m._, phylactery.

=phylarque=, _n.m._, (antiq.) phylarch.

=phyllithe=, _n.m._, phyllite.

=phylloxera=, _n.m._, (_—_) (ent., agri.) phylloxera.

=physicien= (-in), _n.m._, natural philosopher.

=physico-mathématique=, _adj._, physico-mathematical.

=physiocrate=, _n.m._, economist (one who believes that wealth is founded

upon agriculture).

=physiognomonie=, _n.f._, physiognomy (art).

=physiognomonique=, _adj._, physiognomic.

=physiographe=, _n.m._, physiographer.

=physiographie=, _n.f._, physiography.

=physiographique=, _adj._, physiographical.

=physiologie=, _n.f._, physiology.

=physiologique=, _adj._, physiological.

=physiologiste=, _n.m._, physiologist.

=physionomie=, _n.f._, physiognomy, countenance, aspect, look;

physiognomy (art).

=physionomiste=, _n.m._, physiognomist.

=physique=, _n.f._, physics, natural philosophy.

=physique=, _adj._, physical, material, bodily; absolute, real.

=physique=, _n.m._, physique, natural constitution of a man; outward

appearance.

=physiquement= (fi-zik-mān), _adv._, physically, bodily.

=phytographie=, _n.f._, phytography.

=phytolithe=, _n.m._, phytolite, petrified plant.

=phytologie=, _n.f._, phytology.

=piaculaire=, _adj._, expiatory.

☉=piaffe=, _n.f._, ostentation; show, dash.

=piaffer=, _v.n._, (man.) to paw the ground, to prance (of horses); ☉to

make a show, to cut a dash.

=piaffeur=, _n.m._ and _adj._, pawer, prancer, pawing the ground (of

horses); (fig.) showy _or_ dashy person.

*=piailler=, _v.n._, to bawl, to squall, to scold; to rant. _Des enfants

qui piaillent toujours_; children constantly screaming, squalling brats.

*=piaillerie=, _n.f._, bawling, squalling.

*=piailleu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, scold; squaller, bawler, bawling

man _or_ woman.

=pian=, _n.m._, (med.) yaws.

=pianino=, _n.m._, (_—s_) upright piano.

=pianissimo=, _adv._, very softly.

=pianiste=, _n.m.f._, pianist.

=piano=, _adv._, (mus.) piano, softly.

=piano= (_—s_) _or_ =piano-forte= (_—s-—_) _or_ =forte-piano= (_—-—s_),

_n.m._, piano-forte. _— à queue_; grand piano. _— carré_; square piano,

cottage piano. _— droit_; upright _or_ cottage piano. _Jouer du —_; to

play on the piano.

=piast= _or_ =piaste=, _n.m._, Polish nobleman.

=piastre=, _n.f._, piaster (coin).

=piaulard=, =piauleur=, _n.m._, puler, whiner.

=piaulement=, _n.m._, whining, puling.

=piauler=, _v.n._, to pule, to whine; (of chickens) to pip.

=pible=, _n.m._, (nav.) pole. _Mât à —_; pole-mast.

=pic=, _n.m._, pick, pickax; (nav.) gaff; (orni.) woodpecker; peak (of a

mountain); pique (at the game of piquet). _À —_; perpendicularly; (nav.)

apeak; (pop.) just in time.

=pica=, _n.m._, (med.) pica.

=picador=, _n.m._, (_—s_) picador.

=picard=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, Picardian; (fig.) cunning, cautious

fellow; artful dodger.

=picholine=, _n._ and _adj._ _f._, pickled olive; pickled.

☉=picorée=, _n.f._, marauding, pilfering, plundering. _Aller à la —_; to

go a plundering, to go out marauding.

=picorer=, _v.n._, ☉to go out marauding, plundering; (fig.) to

plagiarize, to crib.

=picoreur=, _n.m._, ☉marauder; plagiarist, cribber.

=picot=, _n.m._, splinter (of wood); purl (of lace).

=picoté=, =-e=, _part._, pricked, marked. _Il est — de petite vérole_; he

is pitted with small-pox.

=picotelle=, _n.f._, (orni.) nut-hatch.

=picotement= (pi-kot-mān), _n.m._, pricking, tingling, itching.

=picoter=, _v.a._, to prick, to tingle; to provoke, to tease; to peck (of

birds); (man.) to touch (gently) with the spur.

_se_ =picoter=, _v.r._, to tease, to irritate, to torment, one another.

=picoterie= (pi-ko-trî), _n.f._, (fam.) teasing, bickering.

=picotin=, _n.m._, peck (of oats).

=picrate=, _n.m._, (chem.) carbazotate, picrate.

=picrique=, _adj._, (chem.) carbazotic, picric.

=pic-vert=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_). _V._ =pivert=.

=pie=, _n.f._, (orni.) magpie, pie. _—-grièche_, (_—s-—s_) shrike; shrew,

vixen. _Elle jase comme une —_; she chatters like a magpie. _Il croit

avoir trouvé la — au nid_; he thinks he has made a great discovery; he

has found a mare’s nest.

=pie=, _adj._, (l.u.) pious, charitable; (of horses) piebald.

=pièce=, _n.f._, piece, length, fragment, trick; play, performance;

document, paper; head (of cattle, of poultry, game); apartment; puncheon,

cask (of oil, wine, etc.); piece of ordnance, cannon; document; joint (of

cooked meat). _Mettre en —s_; to pull, to tear, to pieces. _Être armé

de toutes —s_; to be armed at all points. _Faire de toutes —s_; to do a

thing entirely, to carry anything through. _Emporter la —_; to sting to

the quick, to strike home. _Rassemblage de —s_; patchwork. _— de vin_;

puncheon of wine. _En —_; in the cask, in the wood. _— d’eau_; sheet

of water. _Une — d’artillerie_; a piece of ordnance. _—s de campagne_;

field-pieces. _—s de batterie_; heavy ordnance. _— de théâtre_; play.

_Être bien près de ses —s_; to have very little money. _Tout d’une —_;

all of a piece; (of persons) bolt upright. _Jouer une — à quelqu’un_;

to play any one a trick. _Accommoder_, _habiller de toutes —s_; to abuse

soundly, to rate, to treat ill, to fall foul of. _Travailler à l’emporte

—_; to work by fits and starts, feverishly, to scamp work. _Une bonne

—_; a cunning blade. _Donnez la —_; to tip. _— de résistance_; principal

dish, joint. _— justificative_; voucher. _— de conviction_; material,

circumstantial evidence. _— à —_; bit by bit. _Tant la —_; so much a

piece, a cask. _Travailler à ses —s_; to work by the job.

=piécette=, _n.f._, small Spanish silver coin, peseta.

=pied= (pié), _n.m._, foot; footing; track; leg (of furniture); bottom,

ground; pace, slip, track; stalk (of plants). _Les doigts du —_; the

toes. _— bot_; club-foot, club-footed. _Avoir des cors aux —s_; to have

corns on one’s feet. _Le cou-de-—_, (_—s-—_) the instep. _Marcher sur la

pointe du —_; to walk on tip-toe. _Un coup de —_; a kick. _Donner des

coups de — à_; to kick. _Aller à —_; to go on foot. _Sur —_; on foot,

standing, astir, sitting up. _Taper du —_; to stamp. _Marcher —s nus_;

to walk barefooted. _Mettre sous ses —s_; to trample upon. _Les —s de

devant_; the fore-feet. _Petits-—s_, (_—_) small fowl, small game. _—

plat_, _plat —_; flat foot; (fig.) knave, mean rascal. _— poudreux_;

vagabond, rascal, scoundrel. _Une coutume qui prend —_; a custom that

is gaining ground. _Perdre —_; to get out of one’s depth. _Avoir —_;

not to be out of one’s depth. _—s et poings liés_; tied hand and foot.

_Lâcher —_; to give way, to fall back. _Prendre — sur quelque chose_; to

take anything as a precedent. _Ne savoir sur quel — danser_; not to know

which way to turn. _Sauter à —s joints_; to jump upon; (fig.) to ride

rough-shod over. _Tenir le — sur la gorge de quelqu’un_; to attempt to

force any one to do anything. _Tenir — à boule_; to stick to one’s work.

_Couper l’herbe sous le — à quelqu’un_; to supplant any one. _Il a été

sur — toute la nuit_; he has been up all night. _De — en cap_; cap-a-pie,

from head to foot. _Haut le —_; be off with you; let us be off at once!

_Faire haut le —_; to vanish, to disappear; to run away. _Haut-le-—_,

(_—_) (fam.) a man with no fixed residence; a scoundrel. _Renvoyer des

chevaux haut le —_; to send horses away without saddles _or_ harness.

_Au — de la lettre_; strictly speaking, literally. _Si vous lui donnez

un —, il en prendra quatre_; give him an inch and he’ll take an ell.

_Il a trouvé chaussure à son —_; he has found just what he wanted; he

has met with his match. _Il s’est tiré une épine du —_; he pulled a thorn

out of his foot; (fig.) he has got out of a difficulty. _Être en —_; to

be in the exercise of one’s functions. _De — ferme_; without stirring,

firmly. _De plain —_; on a level with. _Être assis au — d’un arbre_; to

be seated at the foot of a tree. _Un — de céleri_; a stick of celery. _Le

— du lit_; the foot of the bed. _Le — d’une table_; the leg of a table.

_— de mât_; heel of a mast. _Cela a tant de —s de long_; that is so many

feet long. _— à —_; step by step; by degrees. _Sur le — de_; at the rate

of. _D’arrache-—_; without intermission, without stopping. _Au petit —_;

on a small scale. _Faire des —s et des mains pour_; to do one’s utmost

(to), to leave no stone unturned (to). _Sur le — où en sont les choses_;

as matters stand. _Avoir bon —, bon œil_; to be hale and hearty. _Mettre

quelqu’un à —_; to dismiss a functionary; to deprive a cabman of his

license. _Ne pas se moucher du —_; to give one’s self airs; to be no

fool. _Sécher sur —_; to pine away. _La mort l’a pris au — levé_; death

took him without warning, unawares. _Aller du — comme un chat maigre_; to

be a capital walker.

=pied-à-terre=, _n.m._, (_—_) temporary lodging; country-box; shooting

lodge.

=pied-d’alouette=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) (bot.) larkspur.

=pied-de-coq=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) (bot.) cock’s-foot-grass.

=pied-de-lion=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) (bot.) lion’s-foot.

=pied-de-poule=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) (bot.) crowfoot.

=pied-de-veau=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) calf’s foot; (bot.) cuckoo-pint,

wake-robin.

=pied-d’oiseau=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) (bot.) bird’s-foot.

=pied-droit=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) (arch.) pier; pied droit, upright, pillar.

=piédestal=, _n.m._, (arch.) pedestal.

=pied-fort=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) (coin.) a gold, silver, _or_ copper coin

(thicker than others).

=piédouche=, _n.m._, (arch.) piedouche, small pedestal for a bust, a

vase, etc.

=piège=, _n.m._, snare, trap, decoy. _Tendre_, _dresser_, _un —_; to

set a snare. _Prendre au —_; to catch in a trap. _Il a donné_, _il est

tombé_, _dans le —_; he fell into the snare.

=pie-grièche=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_) (orni.) shrike; (pers.) shrew.

=pie-mère=, _n.f._, (_n.p._) (anat.) pia mater.

*=pierraille=, _n.f._, broken stone.

=pierre=, _n.f._, stone, flint; (fig.) steel, rock; gem; (med.) calculus.

_— de taille_; freestone. _— à aiguiser_; grindstone. _— précieuse_; gem,

precious stone. _— fausse_; paste. _— à fusil_; flint. _— à cautère_;

potential cautery. _— d’achoppement_; stumbling-block. _— de touche_;

touchstone. _Première —_; foundation-stone. _La — philosophale_; the

philosopher’s stone. _Il gèle à — fendre_; it is freezing extremely hard.

_Jeter la — à quelqu’un_; to attack any one (in words). _Jeter des —s

dans le jardin de quelqu’un_; to throw out insinuations against any one.

_— d’attente_; (mas.) toothing; (fig.) stepping-stone. _— angulaire_;

corner-stone. _— d’évier_; gutter-stone, kitchen-sink. _— milliaire_;

milestone. _Faire d’une — deux coups_; to kill two birds with one stone.

_— qui roule n’amasse pas de mousse_; a rolling stone gathers no moss.

_Faire rire un tas de —s_; to make a cat laugh.

=pierrée=, _n.f._, (engineering) rubble drain.

=pierreries= (pièr-rî), _n.f.pl._, jewels, precious stones.

=pierrette=, _n.f._, little stone, pebble; (orni.) hen-sparrow.

=pierreu-x=, =-se=, _n._ and _adj._, stony, flinty, gritty, gravely;

calculous.

=pierrier=, _n.m._, stone drain, swivel-gun.

=pierrot=, _n.m._, house-sparrow; clown, merry-andrew.

=pierrures=, _n.f.pl._, (hunt.) pearls; bur (of deer).

=piété=, _n.f._, piety, godliness; love, affection.

=piéter=, _v.n._, to foot the mark (at games).

=piéter=, _v.a._, ☉to set against. _— l’étrave_, _l’étambord_, _le

gouvernail_; (nav.) to mark the numbers of feet on the stem, on the

stern-post, on the rudder.

☉_se_ =piéter=, _v.r._, to resist, to set one’s self against.

=piétinement= (-ti-n-mān), _n.m._, moving of feet; stamping, trampling.

=piétiner=, _v.n._, to stamp, to move one’s feet about. _— de colère_; to

stamp with rage.

=piétiner=, _v.a._, to tread, _or_ to trample, under foot, to trample on.

=piétisme=, _n.m._, pietism.

=piétiste=, _n.m._, pietist.

=piéton=, _n.m._, =-ne=, _n.f._, pedestrian, foot-passenger; rural

postman.

=piètre=, _adj._, (fam.) shabby, wretched; pitiful. _n._, vagabond,

tramp, loafer.

=piètrement=, _adv._, (fam.) pitifully, wretchedly, shabbily.

=piètrerie=, _n.f._, (l.u.) shabby thing, wretched stuff.

=piette=, _n.f._, (orni.) weasel-coot.

=pieu=, _n.m._, stake, pile, post, pale.

=pieusement= (pi-eûz-mān), _adv._, piously, devoutly, religiously;

implicitly, obediently; reverently.

=pieuvre=, _n.f._, (mol.) octopus, poulp, cat-o’nine tails.

=pieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, pious, godly, religious, holy.

=pif=, _n.m._, bottle-nose, nozzle. _— paf_; (int.) slap! bang!

=piffre=, _n.m._, =-sse=, _n.f._, (l.ex.) stout person; glutton.

_se_ =piffrer=, _v.r._, (l.ex.) to eat greedily, _or_ to excess.

=pigamon=, _n.m._, meadow-rue.

=pigeon= (-jon), _n.m._, pigeon, dove; dupe, gull. _— culbutant_;

tumbler. _— à grosse gorge_; pouter, cropper. _— ramier_; wood-pigeon.

_— voyageur_ or _messager_; carrier-pigeon. _Des —s à la crapaudine_;

broiled pigeons. _Gorge de —_; shot-colored (of silks).

=pigeonneau= (-jo-no), _n.m._, young pigeon.

=pigeonnier= (-jo-nié), _n.m._, pigeon-house, dove-cot.

=pigment=, _n.m._, (anat.) pigment.

*=pigne=, _n.f._, (metal.) pena gold, pena silver; (bot.) kernel of the

fir-apple.

*=pignocher=, _v.n._, to eat without appetite, to pick here and there; to

nibble at food.

*=pignon=, _n.m._, gable end, gable (of a house); kernel (of a

fir-apple); (mec.) pinion. _Avoir — sur rue_; to have a house of one’s

own.

=pignorati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (jur.) with power of redemption.

=pilaire=, _adj._, pilous, pilose, hairy.

=pilastre=, _n.m._, (arch.) pilaster.

=pilau=, _n.m._, pillaff (stewed rice).

=pile=, _n.f._, pile, heap; pier (of a bridge); mole (mas.); (arch.)

tambour; (of coins) reverse, pile. _Mettre en —_; to pile up. _— de

cuivre_; pile of weights. _— voltaïque_, _— de Volta_, _— galvanique_;

voltaic, galvanic battery. _— ou face_, _croix ou —_; head or tail, man

or woman. _Jouer à — ou face_, or _à croix ou —_; to play at heads or

tails, to toss. _N’avoir ni croix ni —_; to be penniless, destitute.

=pile-culée=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_) abutment-pier.

=piler=, _v.a._, to pound, to crash, to powder.

=pileur=, _n.m._, pounder, beater.

=pileu-x=, =-se=, _adj._ _V._ =pilaire=.

=pilier=, _n.m._, pillar, column, post; (pers.) support, supporter,

fixture; constant frequenter; stump (leg). _— de cabaret_;

tavern-haunter, regular tippler. _— butant_; butting pillar. _— de

carrière_; pillar, support of a quarry.

*=pillage=, _n.m._, pillage, plunder, pilfering, plundering. _Livrer au

—_; to give up to plunder. _Tout y est au —_; everything is at the mercy

of any one, can be had for the taking.

*=pillard=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, pillager, plunderer; pillaging,

plundering.

*=piller=, _v.a._, to pillage, to plunder, to ransack; to purloin, to

pilfer; to attack (of dogs). _— une ville_; to plunder a town. _Ce chien

pille tous les autres chiens_; that dog attacks, _or_ flies at, all the

other dogs. _Pille! Pille!_ seize him! seize him!

*=pillerie=, _n.f._, pillage, plunder, pilfer, extortion.

*=pilleur=, _n.m._, pillager, plunderer, pilferer.

=pilon=, _n.m._, pestle; stamper. _Mettre au —_; to tear up (books).

=pilonnage=, _n.m._, (tech.) pugging; pounding, stamping, milling.

=pilonner=, _v.a._, (tech.) to pug; to pound, to mill, to stamp.

=pilori=, _n.m._, pillory. _Mettre quelqu’un au —_; (fig.) to defame

anybody.

=pilorier=, _v.a._, to pillory, to put in the pillory, to slander, to

libel, to asperse.

=piloris=, _n.m._, (mam.) musk-rat.

=piloselle=, _n.f._, (bot.) mouse-ear.

=pilot= (pi-lô), _n.m._, (tech.) heap of salt; pile, stake of timber.

=pilotage=, _n.m._, pile-driving, piling; (nav.) piloting.

=pilote=, _n.m._, pilot, guide. _— côtier_; coasting pilot. _— lamaneur_;

coasting, harbor, river pilot. _— hauturier_; sea pilot.

=piloter=, _v.a._ and _n._, (tech.) to pile, to drive piles in.

=piloter=, _v.a._, (nav.) to pilot; (fig., fam.) to pilot, to guide, to

serve as a guide.

=pilotin=, _n.m._, (nav.) pilot’s apprentice.

=pilotis=, _n.m._, piling, pile-work; stilt.

=pilule=, _n.f._, (pharm.) pill. _Dorer la —_; to gild the pill.

=pilulier=, _n.m._, pill-machine.

=pilum=, _n.m._, (_—_) (antiq.) pilum (Roman antiq.).

=pimbèche=, _n.f._, impertinent woman, saucy baggage. _Quelle —!_ what a

minx!

=piment=, _n.m._, pimento, capsicum, all-spice.

=pimpant=, =-e=, _adj._, natty, tidy; fine, spruce, smart, stylish.

=pimprenelle=, _n.f._, (bot.) pimpernel, burnet. _— d’Afrique_;

honey-flower.

=pin=, _n.m._, (bot.) pine-tree, pine, Scotch fir. _Pomme de —_;

fir-cone; fir-nut; fir-apple.

=pinace=, _n.f._ _V._ =pinasse=.

=pinacle=, _n.m._, pinnacle. _Mettre quelqu’un sur le —_; to praise any

one to the skies. _Il est sur le —_; he is as high as he can go.

=pinaie=, _n.f._, pine-plantation.

=pinasse= _or_ =pinace=, _n.f._, (nav.) pinnace.

=pinastre=, _n.m._, (bot.) pinaster.

=pinçard=, _adj._, wearing the shoe at the toe (of a horse).

=pince=, _n.f._, pliers, nippers; tongs; hold; gripe; crow, crowbar

(lever); sharp-pointed fold (in garments); toe (of a horse’s foot);

claw (of a lobster); edge (of a deer’s hoof); (surg.) forceps. _Petites

—s_; tweezers. _—s à sucre_; sugar-tongs. _—s d’un cheval_; horse’s

fore-teeth. _— d’un fer à cheval_; front of a horse-shoe. _Prendre une

bûche avec la —_; to take up a log with the tongs. _Être menacé de la —_,

_craindre la —_; to be in danger of being arrested, to fear arrest. _Gare

la —!_ mind you are not sent to prison! _Avoir la — forte_, _la — rude_;

to have a good gripe.

=pincé=, =-e=, _adj._, pinched; affected, stiff, prim; thin; tight. _—!_

caught! found out! taken in!

=pinceau=, _n.m._, pencil, brush. _Trait_, _coup_, _de —_; dash, stroke,

of the pencil. _Avoir un beau —_; (paint.) to have a fine touch. _— à

barbe_; shaving brush.

=pincée=, _n.f._, pinch.

=pincelier=, _n.m._, (paint.) dip-cup, smutch-pot.

*=pince-maille=, _n.m._, (_—_, or _—-—s_) pinch-penny, skinflint, screw.

=pincement=, _n.m._, (agri.) pinching, nipping off of the heads of buds.

=pince-nez=, _n.m._, (_—_) double eye-glass, folding eye-glass; folder.

=pincer=, _v.a._, to pinch, to press, to hold fast, to gripe, to bite; to

nip, to nip off; to rally, to reproach; to surprise, to catch; to play

(the guitar, harp); (nav.) to hug. _— les petits bourgeons d’un arbre_;

to nip off the small buds of a tree. _— de la harpe_; to play upon the

harp. _— quelqu’un_; to give any one a nip. _Il pince en riant_; he can

nip and laugh. _— le vent_; (nav.) to hug _or_ haul close to the wind.

_Se faire —_; to get caught, to get found out, taken in.

_se_ =pincer=, _v.r._, to pinch one’s self.

=pincer=, _v.n._, to pinch, to rally, to reproach; to play (the guitar,

harp); (man.) to spur gently.

=pince-sans-rire=, _n.m._, (_—_) sly, malicious person; dry joker.

=pincette=, _n.f._, _or_ =pincettes=, _n.f.pl._, tongs, tweezers,

nippers. _On ne le toucherait pas avec des —s_; a person would not touch

him with a pair of tongs.

=pinchina=, _n.m._, thick, coarse woolen cloth.

=pinçon=, _n.m._, pinch (mark).

=pinçure=, _n.f._, pinching, pinch; crease.

=pindarique=, _adj._, pindaric.

=pindariser=, _v.n._, to speak affectedly; to talk fustian, bombast; to

write fustian, bombast.

=pindariseur=, _n.m._, ranter, talker of fustian, bombast; writer of

fustian, bombast.

=pinde=, _n.m._, Pindus; (fig.) poets, poetry.

=pinéal=, =-e=, _adj._, (anat.) pineal.

=pineau=, _n.m._, black Burgundy grape.

=pingouin= _or_ =pinguin=, _n.m._, (orni.) penguin; auk.

=pingre=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (pop.) miser, skinflint; avaricious, mean,

stingy, close-fisted.

=pinne= _or_ =pinne marine=, _n.f._, (mol.) pinna.

=pinné=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) pinnate, pinnated.

=pinnule=, _n.f._, pinnule, sight-vane (of instruments).

=pinque=, _n.f._, (nav.) pink.

=pinson=, _n.m._, (orni.) finch; chaffinch. _Gai comme un —_; as gay as a

lark, as merry as a grig.

=pintade=, _n.f._, (orni.) Guinea-fowl, pearl-hen.

=pintadeau=, _n.m._, Guinea-chick.

=pinte=, _n.f._, pint (obsolete measure).

=pinter=, _v.n._, to tipple, to guzzle.

=piochage=, _n.m._, digging, working, fagging.

=pioche=, _n.f._, pickax, mattock.

=piocher=, _v.a._, to dig.

=piocher=, _v.n._, to dig; to fag, to work hard, to study hard; to fight.

=piocheur=, _n.m._, digger; hard-working student; fag, sweater.

=pioler=. _V._ =piauler=.

=pion=, _n.m._, pawn (at chess); man (at draughts); man without property

_or_ resources; usher (in a school). _Damer le — à quelqu’un_; to outdo

any one.

=pionce=, _n.f._, nap, snooze, forty winks.

=pioncer=, _v.n._, to snooze, to have a nap, to have forty winks.

=pionceur=, _n.m._, snoozer, heavy sleeper.

=pione=, _n.f._ _V._ =pivoine= (bot.).

=pionner=, _v.n._, to take pawns (at chess).

=pionnier=, _n.m._, pioneer.

=piot= (piô), _n.m._, (pop.) wine.

=piote=, _n.f._, a species of gondola.

=pioupiou= (pioo-), _n.m._, (_—s_) (pop.) foot-soldier, tommy,

worm-crusher.

=pipe=, _n.f._, pipe, tobacco-pipe; pipe (cask).

=pipeau=, _n.m._, pipe, oaten pipe, reed-pipe, shepherd’s pipe;

bird-call; limed twig; snare.

=pipée=, _n.f._, bird-catching (with a bird-call); (fig.) deceit,

trickery. _Prendre à la —_; to catch with a bird-call; (fig.) to cozen,

to take in.

=piper=, _v.a._, to catch birds with a bird-call; to deceive, to trick;

to dupe, to cheat; to prepare (cards); to load, to cog (dice).

=piperesse=, (st.e.) _fem._ of =pipeur=, _q.v._

☉=piperie= (pi-prî), _n.f._, cheating (at play); deceit, trickery.

=pipeu-r=, =-se=, _n._ and _adj._, cheat, trickster (at play); cheat,

deceiver; cheating, deceitful.

=pipi=, _n.m._, (triv.) urine, water. _Faire —_; to piddle.

=pipi= _or_ =pitpit=, _n.m._, (orni.) titling, titlark, pipit.

=pipoir=, _n.m._, owl-call.

=piquamment=, _adv._, piquantly, smartly.

=piquant=, =-e=, _adj._, prickly, stinging; sharp, pungent; biting,

nipping; cutting, keen; lively, piquant, pointed, smart. _De la moutarde

—e_; hot mustard. _Froid —_; biting cold. _Des mots —s_; pointed

words, cutting words. _Il a une conversation —e_; his conversation is

very smart. _Elle a l’air —_; she has a lively, attractive, pleasing

appearance.

=piquant=, _n.m._, prickle; quill (of porcupines); pungency, pith, point,

fun, cream; piquancy. _Le — de la chose_; the point, fun, _or_ cream of

the thing.

=pique=, _n.f._, pike (weapon); pique, grudge, spite, quarrel. _Bois de

—_; pikestaff. _Demi-—_; short pike. _Être à cent —s de_; to be miles off

in guessing. _Être à cent —s au-dessus_, _au-dessous_, _de quelqu’un_,

_de quelque chose_; to be far above, below, any one _or_ anything.

_Petite —_; slight pique, quarrel, tiff. _Par —_; out of pique _or_ out

of spite.

=pique=, _n.m._, spade (at cards). _As de —_; (fig.) parson’s _or_ pope’s

nose.

=piqué=, =-e=, _part._, quilted; larded. _Jupon —_; quilted petticoat.

_Poulet —_; larded chicken. _Cela n’est pas — des vers_; it is a smart

bit of work _or_ it is not to be sneezed at.

=piqué=, _n.m._, quilting. _Goût de —_; (of wine) sourish taste, tartness.

=pique-assiette=, _n.m._, (_—_, or _—-—s_) spunger; dinner-hunter;

trencher-friend.

=pique-bœuf=, _n.m._, (_—_, or _—-—s_) cattle-drover; (orni.) buphaga,

beef-eater.

=pique-nique=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) picnic. _Faire un —_; to have a picnic.

=piquer=, _v.a._, to prick; to prod; to goad; to sting; to puncture; to

bite; to quilt; to stitch; to lard; to stick; to prick off, to mark off;

to be piquant; to excite, to stimulate, to urge on, to goad on; to pique,

to gall, to nettle; to spur; (surg.) to puncture. _— les absents_; to

prick off the absent. _— d’honneur_; to put on (his _or_ her) mettle.

_— des bœufs_; to goad oxen. _Quelle mouche le pique?_ what has put him

into a passion? what’s up with him? _— une jupe_; to quilt a petticoat.

_— de la viande_; to lard meat. _— un cheval_; to spur a horse. _— la

curiosité de quelqu’un_; to excite _or_ rouse any one’s curiosity. _Il en

fut piqué_; he was nettled at it. _— une tête_; to take a header. _— un

soleil_; (fam.) to get very red.

_se_ =piquer=, _v.r._, to prick one’s self, to sting one’s self; to be

offended, to be nettled, to feel affronted, to be piqued; to pride one’s

self, to plume one’s self, to pique one’s self, to take a pride in; to

turn sour; to become spotted. _Se — d’honneur_; to make it a point of

honor; to think one’s self bound in honor. _Se — au jeu_; to persist in

playing although losing. _Ce papier se pique_; this paper is becoming

spotted, covered with spots. _Ce vin se pique_; this wine is turning

sour. _Se — de rien_; to take offense at the least thing.

=piquer=, _v.n._, to sting; to be piquant; (man.) to spur. _— des deux_;

to spur a horse (with both heels); to put spurs to one’s horse; to gallop

off at full speed; (fig. fam.) to go very fast; to strive hard.

=piquet=, _n.m._, picket, peg, stake; (milit.) picket; piquet (card

game); cluster of flowers (on a bonnet). _Être au —_; to be standing up

in a corner (as a punishment in schools). _Être de —_; (milit.) to be

on picket duty. _Planter le —_; to pitch the tents, to take up one’s

quarters. _Lever le —_; to strike the tents; to decamp. _Aller planter le

— chez quelqu’un_; to take up one’s quarters with any one.

=piqueté=, =-e=, _adj._, spotted, dotted.

=piqueter=, _v.a._, to set _or_ mark with stakes _or_ pickets; to fix.

=piquette=, _n.f._, rape wine; sour wine; thin wine.

=piqueur=, _n.m._, outrider; marker who notes down the names of persons

absent; (cook.) one who lards (meat); (man.) stud-groom; (hunt.)

whipper-in, huntsman. _— d’assiettes_; spunger. _— d’écurie_; head-groom.

_— de vins_; wine-taster.

=piqueu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, stitcher.

=piquier=, _n.m._, pikeman.

=piqûre=, _n.f._, pricking, prick, sting, puncture; worm-hole;

(needlework) quilting, stitching; (vet.) warbles.

=pirate=, _n.m._, pirate, corsair, buccaneer; extortioner.

=pirater=, _v.n._, to pirate, to exercise piracy, to commit piracy.

=piraterie= (pi-ra-trî), _n.f._, piracy; act of piracy; extortion.

=pire=, _adj._ and _n.m._, worse, worst. _Le remède est — que le mal_;

the remedy is worse than the disease. _Le —_; the worst. _Il n’y a —

sourd que celui qui ne veut pas entendre_; none so deaf as those who

won’t hear. _Il n’y a — eau que l’eau qui dort_; still waters run deep.

=piriforme=, _adj._, (anat.) pear-shaped.

=pirogue= (pi-rog), _n.f._, pirogue, canoe, jolly boat.

=pirole=, _n.f._, (bot.) wintergreen.

=pirouette=, _n.f._, pirouette; rapid whirling round; whirligig;

subterfuge.

=pirouetter=, _v.n._, to pirouette; to whirl about _or_ round.

=pirrhonien=, =-ne=, _adj._ _V._ =pyrrhonien=.

=pirrhonisme=, _n.m._ _V._ =pyrrhonisme=.

=pis=, _n.m._, udder, dug (of cows, etc.).

=pis=, _adv._ and _n.m._, worse, worst. _Le — qui puisse arriver_; the

worst that can happen. _Mettre quelqu’un au —_; to bid any one do his

worst. _De mal en —_; from bad to worse. _De — en —_; worse and worse.

_Qui — est_; what is worse. _Mettre les choses au —_; to suppose the

worst.

=pis aller=, _n.m._, worst; last shift, last resource; makeshift;

compensation. _Au — —_; at the worst; let the worst come to the worst.

_C’est votre — —_; it is your last shift, your last resource. _C’est un —

—_; it is a makeshift.

=piscicole=, _adj._, piscicultural.

=pisciculteur=, _n.m._, pisciculturist.

=pisciculture=, _n.f._, pisciculture, fish culture.

=pisciforme=, _adj._, pisciform, fish-shaped.

=piscine=, _n.f._, piscina.

=piscivore=, _adj._, piscivorous.

=pisé=, _n.m._, pisé (mas.).

=pissasphalte=, _n.m._, pissasphalt.

=pissat=, _n.m._, piss, urine.

=pissement= (pis-mān), _n.m._, pissing.

=pissenlit=, _n.m._, (bot.) dandelion; pissabed.

=pisser=, _v.a._ and _n._, to piss; to make water.

=pisseu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, pisser.

=pissoir=, _n.m._, public urinal.

=pissoter=, _v.n._, to piss often.

=pissotière=, _n.f._, public urinal; paltry fountain.

=pistache=, _n.f._, pistachio, pistachio-nut.

=pistachier=, _n.m._, pistachio-tree.

=piste=, _n.f._, track, course, race-course, foot-prints, trace, trail.

_Suivre quelqu’un à la —_; to follow on the track of any one. _Suivre un

lièvre à la —_; to follow the scent of a hare.

=pistia=, _n.m._, (bot.) water-lettuce.

=pistil=, _n.m._, (bot.) pistil.

=pistole=, _n.f._, pistole (gold coin of Spain); lock-up (for remanded

prisoners). _Il est cousu de —s_; he is rolling in riches, _or_ made of

money.

=pistolet=, _n.m._, pistol. _Un coup de —_; a pistol-shot. _Tirer un coup

de —_; to fire off a pistol. _— d’arçon_; horse-pistol. _Quel drôle de

—!_ (fig. and fam.) what a funny sort of fellow!

=piston=, _n.m._, sucker, bucket (of a pump); piston. _Fusil à —_;

percussion-gun. _Tige de —_; piston-rod. _Cornet à —_; cornet.

=pitance=, _n.f._, pittance, allowance (of food); dole; daily

subsistence. _Maigre —_; short allowance. _Aller à la —_; to go to market.

=pitaud=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, clown, lubber, lout.

=pite=, _n.f._, (bot.) agave, pitahemp.

=piteusement= (pi-teûz-mān), _adj._, piteously, woefully, sadly.

=piteu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, piteous, pitiable, woeful. _Faire —se mine_; to

look the picture of misery. _Faire —se chère_; to fare badly.

=pitié=, _n.f._, pity, compassion; mercy; contempt, disdain. _Emouvoir la

— de quelqu’un_; to move any one’s pity. _D’un œil de —_; with an eye of

pity. _Il vaut mieux faire envie que —_; better be envied than pitied.

_C’est grande —_, _c’est grand’—_; it is a great pity. _Vos menaces me

font —_; your threats excite my disdain (_i.e._, I despise your threats).

_À faire —_; pitifully, wretchedly. _Regarder quelqu’un en —_; to take

pity on, _or_ despise, any one. _Par —_; for pity’s sake; out of pity.

_Il me fait —_; I pity him _or_ I despise him.

=piton=, _n.m._, screw-ring, staple; (geog.) peak.

=pitoyable=, _adj._, pitiful, pitiable, piteous; compassionate;

contemptible, wretched.

=pitoyablement=, _adv._, pitifully, piteously; wretchedly.

=pittoresque= (pit-to-rèsk), _adj._, picturesque, graphic. _n.m._,

picturesque, picturesqueness.

=pittoresquement= (pit-to-rèsk-mān), _adv._, picturesquely, in a

picturesque manner.

=pitre=, _n.m._, clown.

=pituitaire=, _adj._, pituitary.

=pituite=, _n.f._, pituite, phlegm, mucus.

=pituiteu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, pituitous, phlegmatic.

=pivert=, _n.m._, (orni.) green woodpecker.

=pivine=, _n.f._, ash-gull.

=pivite=, _n.f._, peewit, lapwing.

=pivoine=, _n.m._, (orni.) bullfinch, gnat-snapper.

=pivoine=, _n.f._, (bot.) pæony, peony.

=pivot=, _n.m._, pin, spindle, pivot, hinge; (hort.) tap-root. _— de

meule de moulin_; spindle of a mill.

=pivotant=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) tap-rooted. _Racine —e_; (bot.) tap-root.

=pivoter=, _v.n._, to turn on a pivot, to revolve upon, to turn.

=pizzicato=, _n.m._ and _adv._, (mus.) pizzicato.

=placabilité=, _n.f._, placableness, placability.

=placable=, _adj._, placable.

=plaçable=, _adj._, placeable, saleable.

=placage=, _n.m._, plating (metal.); veneering (of wood); patchwork.

=plaçage=, _n.m._, stalling (of animals); placing.

=placard=, _n.m._, placard, poster, bill; (print.) slip; cupboard (in a

wall); (carp.) door-leap. _Porte en —_; panel-door.

=placarder=, _v.a._, to placard, to post up. _— un avis au public_; to

post up a public notice; (fig.) to libel; to expose, to show up.

=place=, _n.f._, place, room, seat, spot, ground; post, employment,

office, town, stronghold; fortress; square; room, stead. _Retenir des

—s_; to secure seats. _Mettre chaque chose à sa —_; to put each thing in

its place. _Faire — à quelqu’un_; to make room for any one. _Sur —_; on

the spot, on the premises. _En —!_ in your places, take your seats! _Sur

la —_; upon the spot; (com.) in the market; on change. _Il ne saurait

demeurer en —_; he can never stand still. _Mettez-vous à ma —_; put

yourself in my place. _Si j’étais à votre —_; if I were in your place.

_— de confiance_; place of trust. _Un homme en —_; a man in office.

_— d’armes_; place of arms, stronghold, square, parade-ground. _— de

guerre_, _— forte_; fortress, stronghold. _La — n’est plus tenable_; it

is no longer possible to remain. _Demeurer_, or _rester_, _sur la —_; to

be left dead on the spot, on the field. _Qui va à la chasse, perd sa —_;

if you leave your place, you lose it. _— de fiacres_; hackney-coach stand.

_Une voiture de —_; a hackney-coach. _La tête_, _la fin_, _de la —_; the

top, the bottom, of the stand. _Avoir crédit sur la —_; (com.) to have

credit (in the market, on change). _— marchande_; place good for trade,

trading town. _Se faire —_; to make one’s way. _Faire la —_; (com.) to

solicit orders, to canvass. _—!_ make room! make way!

=placé=, =-e=, _part._, placed. _Il est bien —_; he has a good place,

situation. _Il a le cœur bien —_; his heart is in the right place. _Cela

n’est pas bien —_; that is ill-timed. _Haut —_; in a high position.

=placement= (plas-mān), _n.m._, placing; (com.) sale; putting out,

investing, investment (money). _Bureau de —_; intelligence-office;

registry-office (for servants).

=placenta= (-sin-ta), _n.m._, (anat., bot.) placenta.

=placentaire=, _adj._, placentary, placental.

=placer=, _n.m._, (_—s_) (gold digging) placer.

=placer=, _v.a._, to place, to put, to seat, to get a situation for, to

find a place for; to introduce (goods); to dispose, to set, to invest,

to deposit, to lodge. _— de l’argent à la banque_; to lodge money in the

bank. _— de l’argent sur l’Etat_; to invest money in the funds. _Il place

bien ce qu’il dit_; what he says is to the purpose. _— quelqu’un_; to get

any one a place.

_se_ =placer=, _v.r._, to place one’s self; to obtain a situation; to be

sold, to sell.

=placet=, _n.m._, petition.

=placeu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, placer; registry office keeper.

=placide=, _adj._, placid, calm, unruffled.

=placidement=, _adv._, placidly, calmly.

=placidité=, _n.f._, placidity, placidness; calmness.

=placi-er=, _n.m._, =-ère=, _n.f._, outdoor clerk, under-letter (of

standings); (com.) town traveler, agent.

=plafond=, _n.m._, ceiling. _— en voussure_; cove, coving. _— en

corniche_; soffit.

=plafonnage=, _n.m._, ceiling (action, work).

=plafonner=, _v.a._, to ceil, to make a ceiling.

=plafonneur=, _n.m._, plasterer.

=plagal=, _adj._, (mus.) plagal.

=plage=, _n.f._, beach, strand, shore, seashore. _— de sable_; sandy

beach. _Vaisseau jeté sur la —_; ship stranded on the beach.

=plagiaire=, _n.m._, plagiarist.

=plagiat=, _n.m._, plagiarism.

☉=plaid=, _n.m._, plea, pleading, hearing. _Être sage au retour des —s_;

to be wise after the event. _Chefs —s_; chief-pleas (court of).

=plaid= (plè), _n.m._, plaid, traveling rug.

=plaidable=, _adj._, pleadable.

=plaidant=, _adj._, pleading, litigant. _Avocat —_; barrister, pleader.

=plaider=, _v.a._, to plead, to argue, to allege; to intercede (for);

to be at law, to litigate. _— quelqu’un_; to sue any one at law. _— le

faux pour savoir le vrai_; to allege what is false to get at the truth.

_Plaidez ma cause_; intercede for me.

=plaider=, _v.n._, to plead; to be at law, to go to law. _Se —_, _v.r._,

to be pleaded _or_ argued. _La cause se plaide aujourd’hui_; the case

comes on for hearing to-day.

=plaideu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, litigant, suitor.

=plaidoirie=, _n.f._, barrister’s, counsel’s speech; address. _pl._,

pleadings.

=plaidoyer=, _n.m._, speech for the defense, counsel’s address. _pl._,

pleadings.

=plaie=, _n.f._, sore, wound; plague, evil. _Panser une —_; to dress a

sore _or_ wound. _— envenimée_; rankling sore. _Mettre le doigt sur la

—_; to point out the evil. _Ne demander que — et bosse_; to be bent on

quarreling, to be always ready for a row.

=plaignant=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, (jur.) complainant, plaintiff,

prosecutor; complaining.

=plain=, =-e=, _adj._, plain, even, flat, level. _En —e campagne_; in

open country. _Chambres de —-pied_, _—-pied_ (_—_); rooms on one floor.

_—-chant_, (_n.p._) plain chant. _Cela va de — pied_; that comes as a

matter of course; it is all plain sailing.

=plaindre= (plaignant, plaint), _v.a._, to pity, to compassionate, to

commiserate; to grudge. _Je vous plains_; I pity you. _Il est à —_; he

is to be pitied. _— sa peine_; to grudge one’s pains. _— le pain qu’ils

mangent_; to grudge the very bread they eat. _Il ne plaint rien à ses

enfants_; he begrudges his children nothing.

_se_ =plaindre=, _v.r._, to complain, to groan, to moan; to grudge one’s

self. _J’ai bien lieu de me plaindre de vous_; I have good reason to

complain of you. _— en justice_; to lodge a complaint in court.

=plaine=, _n.f._, plain, level, lea, common, heath.

=plainte=, _n.f._, complaint, action, plaint; groaning, lamentation;

wailing. _Porter —_; to lodge a complaint.

=plainti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, plaintive, querulous, complaining, doleful,

mournful, sad.

=plaintivement= (-tiv-mān), _adv._, plaintively, mournfully, dolefully,

sadly.

=plaire= (plaisant, plu), _v.n._, to please, to be agreeable; to delight,

to suit. _— à quelqu’un_; to please any one. _Cela vous plaît à dire_;

you are pleased to say so. _Plaît-il?_ what do you say; beg pardon! _Je

ferai ce qu’il vous plaira_; I will do what you please. _Il ne me plaît

pas que vous y alliez_; I do not like your going there. _Si cela ne vous

plaît pas_; if you are averse to it. _Plût à Dieu_; would to God. _À Dieu

ne plaise_; God forbid.

_se_ =plaire=, _v.r._, to delight in, to take pleasure in; to like, to

love; to be pleased with, to take to; to flatter one’s self; to thrive.

_Il se plaît à faire du mal_; he delights in doing mischief.

=plaisamment= (plè-za-mān), _adv._, humorously, pleasantly; ludicrously,

laughably, amusingly.

=plaisance=, _n.f._, pleasure. _Maison de —_; villa, country seat.

_Bateau de —_; pleasure boat. _Lieu de —_; pleasant retreat.

=plaisant=, =-e=, _adj._, pleasant; humorous, ludicrous, amusing, droll,

funny, comical, pretty; odd, strange; singular, curious. _C’est le plus

— homme du monde_; he is the most amusing fellow alive. _Ce sont de —es

gens_; (iron.) they are impertinent people. _Il vous a fait un — régal_;

he entertained you right royally. _C’est un — personnage_; he is a

ridiculous fellow.

=plaisant=, _n.m._, jester; humor, fun, ludicrousness. _Il fait le —_;

he tries to be funny. _Un mauvais —_; a sorry jester, a humbug. _Le — de

l’aventure_; the laughable part of the adventure.

=plaisanter=, _v.a._, to joke, to banter, to jeer, to make fun of.

=plaisanter=, _v.n._, to jest, to joke, to make merry. _Il plaisante sur

tout_; he jests about everything. _C’est un homme qui ne plaisante pas_;

he is not a man to be trifled with. _Il ne plaisante pas là-dessus_; he

is in downright earnest in the matter. _En plaisantant_; in jest, by way

of a joke, jestingly.

=plaisanterie= (plè-zan-trî), _n.f._, pleasantry, jesting, joking, jest,

joke; mockery; mere farce. _— de bon ton_, _de mauvais ton_; genteel,

vulgar, pleasantry. _— légère_, _piquante_; light, pointed, pleasantry.

_Cela est dit par —_; that is said in jest, by way of a joke. _— à part_;

jesting aside. _Il sait manier_, _il manie bien_, _la —_; he is a good

hand at a joke. _Une bonne plaisanterie mérite les honneurs du bis_; a

good story will bear repetition.

=plaisir=, _n.m._, pleasure, delight, joy; recreation, diversion, sport,

entertainment; will, consent, approbation; favor, courtesy, kindness,

good turn. _Se faire un — de_; to take pleasure in, to be pleased to. _Se

faire un — de son devoir_; to delight in doing one’s duty. _Prendre — à

quelque chose_; to delight in anything. _Cela fait — à voir_; that is a

pleasant sight. _Nul — sans peine_; no joy without alloy. _La peine passe

le —_; the pain exceeds the pleasure. _Partie de —_; pleasure party,

picnic. _Jouer pour le —_, _pour son —_; to play for love, for diversion.

_Menus —s_; pocket-money. _Faites-moi le —_; do me the favor. _À —_;

carefully; at one’s ease; gratuitously; designedly. _Un conte fait_ or

_inventé à —_; a made-up story, a gratuitous tale, a lie. _Par —_; for

pastime, for sport; (fam., l.u.) by way of trial. _Au —!_ good-bye!

_Faire —_; to give pleasure, to oblige; to be pleasing.

=plan=, _n.m._, plane; plan, draught, design, model; scheme, project;

ground, perspective. _— incliné_; inclined plane. _Premier —_;

foreground. _Arrière-—_, (_—-—s_) (paint.) background. _— d’arrimage_;

(nav.) tier. _— de niveau_; datum line. _— horizontal_; ground-plan.

_Lever de —s_; surveying. _Faire le — de_; to survey. _— à vue d’oiseau_;

bird’s-eye view. _— en relief_; plan in relief. _Lever un —_; to take a

plan of. _Faire l’élévation d’un —_; to give a raised plan of. _Réléguer

au second —_; to put into the background.

=plan=, =-e=, _adj._, even, plain, level, flat.

=planche=, _n.f._, board, plank; (engr.) plate; (gard.) bed, border. _—s

d’un bateau_; planks, ribs, of a boat. _— à bouteilles_; bottle-rack.

_Faire la —_; to float on one’s back. _Monter sur les —s_; to tread the

boards. _S’appuyer sur une — pourrie_; to lean upon a rotten staff.

_Faire la — aux autres_; to show others the way. _— à débarquer_; gangway

of a boat. _— de salut_; sheet anchor. _Jour de —_; (com.) working day.

=planchéiage=, _n.m._, boarding, planking, flooring.

=planchéier=, _v.a._, to plank, to floor, to board (with planks).

=planchéieur=, _n.m._, floor-layer.

=plancher=, _n.m._, floor; ceiling; (nav.) stage. _— parqueté_; inlaid,

wooden floor. _— carrelé_; brick, stone floor. _Frotter un —_; to scrub,

_or_ polish, a floor. _Le — des vaches_; dry land, terrâ firma. _Sauter

au —_; to jump to the ceiling; (fig.) to be driven mad.

=planchette=, _n.f._, little board; (math.) plane table.

=plançon= _or_ =plantard=, _n.m._, sapling; slip, twig, shoot (of willow,

etc.).

=plane=, _n.m._ _V._ =platane=.

=plane=, _n.f._, draw-knife; turning chisel; spoke-shave.

=planer=, _v.n._, to hover, to tower; to soar; to look down (from on

high). _Un milan qui plane_; a kite hovering. _— sur les difficultés_; to

soar above difficulties (_i.e._, to overcome them).

=planer=, _v.a._, to make smooth, to plane, to planish. _— un morceau de

bois_; to plane a piece of wood. _— le cuivre_; to beat copper smooth.

_— une peau_; to strip the wool off a skin.

=planétaire=, _adj._, planetary.

=planétaire=, _n.m._, planetarium, orrery.

=planète=, _n.f._, planet, star.

=planeur=, _n.m._, (manu.) planisher.

=planimétrie=, _n.f._, (geom.) planimetry.

=planisphère=, _n.m._, planisphere.

_in_ =plano=, _adv._ _V._ =in plano=.

=plant=, _n.m._, set, twig, plant, young plant, slip, plantation, grove.

_En —_; standing; (fig.) in the lurch. _— de vigne_; slip of vine. _Jeune

—_; vineyard newly set; plantation of young trees. _Rester en —_; to

remain standing. _Laisser en —_; to give the slip to; to leave in the

lurch. _Mettre en —_; (pop.) to pawn.

=plantage=, _n.m._, planting; plantation.

=plantain=, _n.m._, (bot.) plantain.

=plantard=, _n.m._ _V._ =plançon=.

=plantation=, _n.f._, planting; plantation.

=plante=, _n.f._, sole of the foot; (bot.) plant. _— ligneuse_; ligneous

plant. _— fibreuse_; fibrous plant. _— herbacée_; herbaceous plant. _Le

jardin des —s_; the botanical garden, zoölogical gardens. _—s marines_;

marine plants. _—s parasites_; parasitical plants. _—s à tuyau_;

culmiferous plants.

=planter=, _v.a._ and _n._, to plant, to set, to fix, to drive in; to set

up, to erect, to lay out, to give the slip to, to leave in the lurch. _—

des oignons_, _des pois_; to plant onions, peas. _— des bornes_; to set

bounds. _— le piquet en quelque lieu_; to take up one’s quarters in any

place. _— là quelqu’un_; to leave any one in the lurch, to give any one

the slip. _— au nez de_; to cast in the teeth of; to tell point-blank.

_Maison bien plantée_; house well seated, _or_ in a pleasant, commanding

position. _Cheveux bien plantés_; hair well set up.

_se_ =planter=, _v.r._, to be planted; to place one’s self; to station

one’s self; to settle.

=planteur=, _n.m._, planter.

=plantigrade=, _n.m._ and _adj._, plantigrade.

=plantoir=, _n.m._, dibble, planting-tool.

=planton=, _n.m._, (milit.) orderly. _Être de —_; to be on duty.

=plantule=, _n.f._, (bot.) plantule.

=plantureusement= (-reûz-mān), _adv._, (fam.) plentifully, copiously,

abundantly, luxuriantly.

=plantureu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, plentiful, copious; abundant.

=planure=, _n.f._, shavings (of wood).

=plaque=, _n.f._, plate; slab; patch, veneer; badge, star. _— de fonte_;

plate of cast iron. _— de porte-faix_; badge of a porter. _— tournante_;

(railways) turning plate.

=plaqué=, _n.m._, plated metal, electro-plate.

=plaqué=, =-e=, _part._, plated.

=plaqueminier=, _n.m._, (bot.) ebony-tree.

=plaquer=, _v.a._, to plate; to lay on, to veneer. _— du bois_; to veneer

wood. _— des bijoux_; to plate jewels.

=plaquette=, _n.f._, small thinly bound book; a small copper coin, small

plate, board, slab.

=plaqueur=, _n.m._, veneerer; plater.

=plaquis=, _n.m._, incrustation.

=plasticité=, _n.f._, plasticity.

=plastique=, _n.f._ and _adj._, plastic art; plastic.

=plastron=, _n.m._, breast-plate; (fenc.) plastron; fencing-pad;

drill-plate; laughing-stock, butt.

=plastronner=, _v.a._, to put a plastron on any one, to cover or protect

with a breast-pad.

_se_ =plastronner=, _v.r._, to put on a breast-pad, to plastron one’s

self.

=plat=, _n.m._, dish; plate; collection-plate; (nav.) mess; sheet (of

glass); flat side (of anything). _— d’argent_; silver dish. _— de la

main_; back of the hand. _— apprêté_; made dish. _— réchauffé_; warmed-up

dish. _— à barbe_; shaving dish. _Camarade de —_; messmate. _— de

l’équipage_; (nav.) mess (for seven men). _Servir un — de son métier_;

to give a specimen of one’s work. _C’est un — de son métier_; this is

one of his tricks. _—s de balance_; scales of a balance. _Des coups de —

d’épée_; strokes with the flat of a sword. _Donner du — de la langue_; to

flatter, to coax, to wheedle; to talk blarney. _Mettre les pieds dans le

—_; to put one’s foot in it. _Mettre les petits —s dans les grands_; to

spare neither money nor trouble to receive a person.

=plat=, =-e=, _adj._, flat; dull, insipid, spiritless, pointless, low,

shallow, empty; (of the hair) straight, lank; (of rhymes) consecutive.

_Un pays —_; a flat country. _Cheveux —s_; straight hair. _Elle a la

physionomie —e_; she has an unmeaning countenance. _Vin —_; flat wine.

_Cheval —_; lank horse. _Avoir le ventre —_; to have an empty belly.

_Sa bourse est bien —e_; his purse is very low. _Son armée a été battue

à —e couture_; his army was utterly routed. _Un pied —_, _un — pied_;

a worthless fellow. _Un style —_; a flat, spiritless, pointless style.

_C’est un — personnage_; he is a dull fellow. _À —_; flat. _À — ventre_;

flat on the ground, flat on one’s face.

=platane=, _n.m._, plane-tree, platane.

=plat-bord=, _n.m._, (_—s-—s_) (nav.) gunwale, gunnel, port-last. _Lisses

de —_; drift-rails.

=plateau=, _n.m._, wooden scale; waiter, tray, tea-tray; upland,

table-land. _— à découper_; butler’s tray. _— de carafe_; decanter-stand.

=plate-bande=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_) (arch., hort.) plat-band; border plot,

flower-bed. _— de baie_; lintel of a door or window.

=platée=, _n.f._, (arch.) massive foundation under the whole area of the

building; dishful.

=plate-forme=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_) platform. _— de batterie_; platform of a

battery. _— de fondation_; (carp.) sleepers.

=plate-longe=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_) kicking-strap; leading-rein.

=platement= (plat-mān), _adv._, flatly, dully, plainly, without spirit.

=plateur=, _n.f._, (jest., l.u.) flatness.

=platinage=, _n.m._, whitening (of copper).

=platine=, _n.f._, linen-dryer; (print.) platine; lock (of firearms);

(tech.) plate. _—s de montre_; plates of a watch. _— de serrure_; plate

of a lock.

=platine=, _n.m._, (metal.) platinum.

=platise=, _n.f._, (l.u.) dull, senseless writing or words, platitudes.

=platitude=, _n.f._, platitude, dullness; flatness.

=platonicien=, =-ne= (-si-in, -si-èn), _n._ and _adj._, Platonist;

Platonic.

=platonique=, _adj._, Platonic.

=platonisme=, _n.m._, Platonism.

=plâtrage=, _n.m._, plaster-work, plastering; unsolid work.

=plâtras=, _n.m._, old plaster-work; rubbish; piece of dried mortar.

=plâtre=, _n.m._, plaster; (b.s.) paint (on the face). _Enduire de —_; to

coat with plaster. _— cuit_; calcined plaster. _Battre quelqu’un comme

—_; to beat any one to a jelly. _Essuyer les —s_; to live in a newly

built house (therefore damp).

=plâtré=, =-e=, _part._, plastered. _Visage —_; painted face. _Paix —e_;

patched-up peace.

=plâtrer=, _v.a._, to plaster; to patch up, to piece up; (agri.) to

manure with plaster.

_se_ =plâtrer=, _v.r._, (b.s.) to paint one’s self. _Elle se plâtre_;

(b.s.) she paints her face; she makes up.

=plâtreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, chalky.

=plâtrier=, _n.m._, plasterer.

=plâtrière=, _n.f._, chalk-pit, plaster-quarry.

=plausibilité=, _n.f._, plausibleness, plausibility.

=plausible=, _adj._, plausible.

=plausiblement=, _adv._, plausibly.

=plèbe=, _n.f._, common people.

=plébéien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _n._ and _adj._, plebeian.

=plébiscite=, _n.m._, plebiscite.

=pléiade=, _n.f._, pléiades, _n.f.pl._, Pleiades (the seven stars).

=plein=, =-e=, _adj._, full, filled, replete; copious; solid (of doors);

entire, whole, thorough, complete. _Rivière —e de poissons_; river well

stocked with fish. _Livre — d’érudition_; book stored with learning.

_Homme — d’esprit_; man full of wit. _— comme un œuf_; as full as an

egg; (fam.) chock-full. _—e lune_; full moon. _Une chienne —e_; a bitch

with young. _—e récolte_; plentiful crop. _À —es voiles_; all sails set.

_Arbre en — vent_; tree in the open air. _Être en —e mer_; to be out at

sea, in the open sea. _En —e rue_; in the middle of the street. _En —

jour_; in broad daylight. _En — midi_; at high noon. _En —e nuit_; in the

dead of night. _En —e paix_; in the midst of peace. _En — classe_; before

the whole class. _En — été_; in the height of summer. _En — hiver_; in

the heart of winter. _Avoir le cœur —_; to have one’s heart full. _Donner

à —e main_, _à —es mains_; to give, to bestow, largely, freely. _Porter

—_; (nav.) to keep the sails full. _Battre son —_; to be in full swing

(of balls, parties); to be high (of the tide).

=plein=, _n.m._, full part; plenum. _Dans le —_; in the middle. _À pur et

à —_; fully, to the full, entirely.

=plein=, _adv._, full. _— les deux mains_; both hands full. _En —_;

fully, entirely; right in. _A pur et à —_; altogether, completely. _Tout

—_; a great many, numbers, very many.

=pleinement=, _adv._, fully, entirely, to the full.

=plénière=, _adj.f._, plenary; full, complete. _Indulgence —_; plenary

indulgence. _Cour —_; plenary court.

=plénipotentiaire=, _n.m._ and _adj._, plenipotentiary.