=moyen= (moa-yin) _n.m._, means, way, manner; medium; power, possibility;

(jur.) plea; (log.) mean; (math.) middle term. _pl._, means, resources;

pecuniary circumstances; abilities, talents; parts. _Il n’y a pas —

de faire cela_; that is not to be done. _Je n’en ai pas le —_; I have

not the ability to do it; I can’t afford it. _Le — de lui parler?_ how

can one manage to speak to him? _Contribuer chacun selon ses —s_; to

contribute each according to his means. _Il a beaucoup de —s_; he is

very clever; he has plenty of brains. _Voies et —s_; ways and means. _Au

— de_; by means of, with the help of. _Trouver —_; to find means, to

contrive, to manage. _Faire valoir ses —s_; to make the most of one’s

talents.

=moyen=, =-ne= (moa-yin, -yè-n), _adj._, mean, middle, middle-sized,

average. _Le — âge_; the Middle Ages. _Terme —_, _chiffre —_; average,

mean, on an average.

=moyennant= (moa-iè-nān), _prep._, by means of, with the help of; in

consideration of, in return for.

=moyennant que=, _conj._, provided that, on condition that.

=moyenne=, _n.f._, average; (math.) mean, medium; (writ.) round hand. _—

approximative_; rough average. _Sur une — de_; at an average of. _En —_;

on an average; (of writing) in round hand.

☉=moyennement= (moa-iè-n-mān), _adv._, moderately, indifferently.

☉=moyenner=, _v.a._, to mediate, to procure, to bring about.

=moyer=, _v.a._, to saw (freestone).

=moyette=, _n.f._, (agri.) shock, stook.

=moyeu=, _n.m._, nave (of a wheel); preserved plum; ☉yolk of an egg.

=mozarabe=, _n.m._, Muzarab.

=mozarabe=, _or_ =mozarabique= _adj._, muzarabic.

=mr.= (ab. of _Monsieur_), Mr., Mister.

=m’sieu=, _n.m._ (pop. for _Monsieur_), sir, mister.

=ms.=, =msc.=, (ab. of _Manuscrit_), ms., manuscript.

=mss.= (ab. of _Manuscrits_,) mss., manuscripts.

=muabilité=, _n.f._ _V._ =mutabilité=.

=muable=, _adj._, mutable, changeable.

=muance=, _n.f._, (mus.) changing a note. _En —_; (of the voice)

breaking.

=mucate=, _n.m._, mucic acid combined.

_à_ =muche-pot=, _adv._ _V._ =musse-pot= (à).

=mucilage=, _n.m._, mucilage.

=mucilagineu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, mucilaginous.

=mucosité=, _n.f._, mucus, phlegm.

=mucus= (-kus), _n.m._, mucus.

=mue=, _n.f._, molting; molting season; cast-skin, slough; mew, coop

(cage). _Être en —_; to be molting; to break (of the voice).

=muer=, _v.n._, to molt, to cast its skin, to cast horns; to mew; (of

the voice) to break, to change. _Ce chien mue_; that dog is shedding its

coat. _Sa voix mue_; his voice is breaking.

=muet=, =-te=, _adj._, dumb, mute, speechless; taciturn, secret; (of

maps) in outline; (of evidence) presumptive, circumstantial; silent

(of letters). _Il est sourd-—_, _sourd et —_; he is deaf and dumb. _La

frayeur le rendit —_; terror struck him dumb. _Scène —te_; dumb show.

=muet=, _n.m._, =-te=, _n.f._, dumb man, dumb woman.

=muette=, _n.f._, mew, mews; hunting-lodge.

=muezin=, _n.m._, (_—s_) muezzin.

=mufle=, _n.m._, snout, muzzle (of animals); face, phiz, mug (of

persons). _— de veau_; (bot.) snap-dragon, calf’s snout. _Quel —!_ what a

face!

=mufleau=, _n.m._, (bot.) snap-dragon, calf’s snout.

=muflier=, _n.m._, (bot.) snap-dragon, calf’s snout.

=mufti= _or_ =muphti=, _n.m._, (_—s_) mufti.

=muge=, _n.m._, (ich.) mullet, gray mullet.

=mugir=, _v.n._, to bellow, to low; to roar, to groan; to sough (of the

wind).

=mugissant=, =-e=, _adj._, bellowing, roaring.

=mugissement= (-jis-mān), _n.m._, bellowing, lowing; roaring; soughing

(of the wind).

☉=mugot=, _n.m._ _V._ =magot=.

=muguet=, (-ghè) _n.m._, (bot.) lily of the valley, May-lily; (med.)

thrush; ☉(fam.) beau, fop. _— des bois_; woodruff.

=mugueter= (mug-té), _v.a._, (fam., l.u.) to play the gallant, to flirt.

☉=muid=, _n.m._, hogshead (measure).

=mulasse=, _n.f._, young mule.

=mulâtre=, _adj._, mulatto.

=mulâtr-e=, _n.m._, =-esse=, _n.f._, mulatto.

☉=mulcter=, _v.a._, (jur.) to fine, to punish; to vex, to ill-treat.

=mule=, _n.f._, slipper; she-mule. _pl._, chilblains in the heels, kibes;

(vet.) chaps. _La — du pape_; the pope’s slipper. _Baiser la — du pape_;

to kiss the pope’s toe. _Ferrer la —_; to get the market-penny (of

servants).

=mulet=, _n.m._, he-mule; (bot., orni.) mule; working-bee; (ich.) mullet.

_Garder le —_; to be kept waiting, to dance attendance.

=muletier= (mul-tié), _n.m._, muleteer.

=mulle=, _n.m._, (ich.) surmullet.

☉=mulle=, _n.f._ _V._ =caillette=.

=mulle=, _adj._, (com.) of inferior quality (of madder).

=mulot=, _n.m._, field-mouse.

=multangulaire=, _adj._, (bot.) multangular.

=multangulé=, =-e=, _adj._, multangular.

=multi=, a prefix from Latin _multus_.

=multicapsulaire=, _adj._, (bot.) multicapsular.

=multicolore=, _adj._, of many colors, many-colored.

=multifide=, _adj._, (bot.) multifid.

=multiflore=, _adj._, (bot.) multiflorous, many-flowered.

=multiforme=, _adj._, multiform.

=multilatère=, _adj._, multilateral, many-sided.

=multiloculaire=, _adj._, (bot.) muitilocular.

=multinôme=, _n.m._, (l.u.) (alg.) multinominal. _V._ =polynôme=.

=multipare=, _adj._, multiparous.

=multipartite=, _adj._, (bot.) multipartite.

=multipède=, _adj._, multiped.

=multiple=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (arith.) multiple.

=multipliable=, _adj._, multipliable.

=multipliant=, _adj._, multiplying. _n.m._, multiplying-glass.

=multiplicande=, _n.m._, (arith.) multiplicand.

=multiplicateur=, _n.m._, (arith.) multiplier.

=multiplication=, _n.f._, multiplication. _Table de —_; multiplication

table.

=multiplicité=, _n.f._, multiplicity.

=multiplié=, =-e=, _adj._, multifarious, multiplied, manifold, repeated,

frequent.

=multiplier=, _v.a._, to multiply.

_se_ =multiplier=, _v.r._, to multiply; to be repeated, to be everywhere.

=multiplier=, _v.n._, to multiply.

=multitude=, _n.f._, multitude.

=multivalve=, _n.f._ and _adj._, multivalve; multi-valvular.

=muni=, =-e=, _part._, supplied, furnished, provided (with); possessed

(of); fortified.

=municipal=, =-e=, _adj._, municipal.

=municipal=, _n.m._, municipal officer; municipal guard. _Conseiller —_;

member of the town council. _Musique —e_; town-band.

=municipalité=, _n.f._, municipality.

=munificence=, _n.f._, munificence, bounty.

=munir=, _v.a._, to provide (with), to supply, to furnish (with); to arm,

to fortify, to secure.

_se_ =munir=, _v.r._, to provide one’s self, to be provided, to be

supplied, to be furnished (with).

=munition=, _n.f._, ammunition. _pl._, military stores, provisions. _—s

de bouche_; provisions. _—s de guerre_; ammunition.

=munitionnaire=, _n.m._, (milit.) contractor; commissary of stores.

=muphti=, _n.m._ _V._ =mufti=.

=muqueu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, mucous.

=mur=, _n.m._, wall. _— mitoyen_; partition wall. _— de clôture_;

inclosure-wall. _— d’appui_; wall breast-high, parapet wall. _— blanc_;

dead wall. _Mettre quelqu’un au pied du —_; to nonplus any one, to drive

into a corner.

=mûr=, =-e=, _adj._, ripe, mature, matured; worn out, shabby (of

clothes). _L’âge —_; mature age. _Du vin —_; wine fit for drinking.

=murage=, _n.m._, walling.

*=muraille=, _n.f._, thick, high wall; rampart.

*=muraillement=, _n.m._, (mas.) walling.

=mural=, =-e=, _adj._, mural.

=mûre=, _n.f._, (bot.) mulberry. _— sauvage_, _— de ronce_, _— de haie_;

blackberry.

=mûrement= (mûr-mān), _adv._, maturely. _J’y ai — réfléchi_; I have

deeply reflected upon it.

=murène=, _n.f._, (ich.) muræna.

=murer=, _v.a._, to wall; to wall up; to brick up; to immure; to screen,

to veil.

=murex= (-rèks), _n.m._, (conch.) murex.

=muriate=, _n.m._, (chem.) muriate.

=muriatique=, _adj._, (chem.) muriatic. _Acide —_; muriatic acid.

=mûrier=, _n.m._, mulberry-tree.

=mûrir=, _v.n._, to ripen, to grow ripe, to mature.

=mûrir=, _v.a._, to ripen, to mature, to bring to perfection _or_

completeness. _Se —_; to ripen.

=murmurant=, =-e=, _adj._, murmuring, babbling, purling; muttering,

grumbling.

=murmurateur=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, murmurer, grumbler; discontented,

murmuring, grumbling person.

=murmure=, _n.m._, murmur; murmuring, grumbling, muttering; whispering;

prattling; babbling; purl (of a brook); soughing (of the wind).

=murmurer=, _v.n._, to murmur, to grumble, to mutter; to whisper; to

gurgle, to prattle, to purl, to babble, to sough.

=murmurer=, _v.a._, to mutter, to whisper. _Que murmurez-vous là?_ what

are you muttering there?

_se_ =murmurer=, _v.r._, to be whispered, to be whispered about.

=muron=, _n.m._, blackberry; wild raspberry.

=murrhin=, =-e=, _adj._, murrhine.

=musagète=, _adj._, (myth.) chief of the Muses (of Apollo).

*=musaraigne=, _n.f._, (mam.) shrew-mouse.

=musard=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, loiterer, dawdler; loitering, dawdling.

=musarder=, _v.n._, to loiter, to dawdle.

=musarderie=, _n.f._, loitering, trifling; dawdling.

=musc= _or_ =porte-musc=, _n.m._, (_—_) (mam.) musk, musk-deer.

=musc=, _n.m._, musk (scent).

=muscade=, _n.f._, nutmeg; juggler’s ball. _Noix —_; nutmeg.

=muscadet=, _n.m._, muscadet (wine).

=muscadier=, _n.m._, nutmeg-tree.

=muscadin=, _n.m._, musk-lozenge; ☉beau, dandy, fop, spark.

=muscat=, _n.m._ and _adj._, muscatel, muscadine, muscadel (a kind of

grapes, of wine, of pears).

=muscatelline=, _n.f._, (bot.) adoxa, moschatel.

=muscle=, _n.m._, muscle.

=musclé=, =-e=, _adj._, strongly marked (of the muscles).

=musculaire=, _adj._, muscular.

=musculature=, _n.f._, (sculpt., paint.) muscularity, muscling.

=musculeu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, muscular, brawny, musculous.

=muse=, _n.f._, Muse.

=muse=, _n.f._, (hunt.) rutting-time.

=museau=, _n.m._, muzzle, snout, nose, face.

=musée=, _n.m._, museum. _— de tableaux_; picture-gallery.

=museler= (mu-zlé), _v.a._, to muzzle, to silence, to gag.

=muselière=, _n.f._, muzzle.

=musellement=, _n.m._, muzzling; (fig.) gagging, silencing.

=muser=, _v.n._, to loiter, to trifle, to moon, to dawdle; (hunt.) to

begin to rut. _Qui refuse muse_; you may lose by refusing.

=muserolle= (muz-rol), _n.f._, nose-band, musrole.

=musette=, _n.f._, bagpipe; tune for ditto; nose-bag (for horses).

=muséum= (-om), _n.m._, (_—s_) museum.

=musical=, =-e=, _adj._, musical.

=musicalement= (-kal-mān), _adv._, musically.

=musicien=, _n.m._, =-ne=, _n.f._, (-in, -è-n), musician.

=musico=, _n.m._, (_—s_) (in the Netherlands) a low music hall; gaff;

pot-house.

=musicomane=, _n.m._, (l.u.) person extremely fond of music. _V._

=mélomane=.

=musicomanie=, _n.f._, (l.u.) passion for music. _V._ =mélomanie=.

=musi-f= _or_ =mussi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (chem.) mosaic. _Or —_;

mosaic-gold, ormolu.

=musique=, _n.f._, music; band, musicians. _Mettre des vers en —_; to

set verses to music. _Être réglé comme un papier de —_; to be as regular

as clockwork. _Nous ferons de la —_; we shall have some music. _La — du

régiment_; the regimental band.

=musiquer=, _v.n._, to strum (on the piano).

=musoir=, _n.m._, pier-head, jetty-head.

=musqué=, =-e=, _adj._, musked, perfumed; studied, unnatural; odd,

strange.

=musquer=, _v.a._, to perfume with musk, to musk, to scent.

_se_ =musquer=, _v.r._, to scent one’s self with musk.

_à_ =musse-pot=, _adv._, in concealment, secretly. _V._ =à muche-pot=.

☉_se_ =musser=, _v.r._, to hide one’s self; to lurk in a corner.

=mussulman=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, Mussulman; Mahometan, Mohammedan.

=mustelle=, _n.f._, (ich.) whistle-fish.

☉=musurgie=, _n.f._, (mus.) musurgy.

=mutabilité=, _n.f._, mutability, changeableness.

=mutation=, _n.f._, mutation, change.

=muter=, _v.a._, to sulphur (wine-casks).

=mutilat-eur=, =-rice=, _n._ and _adj._, mutilator; mutilating.

=mutilation=, _n.f._, mutilation; maiming; mangling, garbling.

=mutiler=, _v.a._, to mutilate; to maim; to disfigure, to garble.

=mutin=, =-e=, _adj._, obstinate, stubborn, unruly, fractious; riotous,

seditious, rebellious.

=mutin=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, obstinate person; refractory child;

mutineer, rioter.

=mutiné=, =-e=, _part._, mutinous, riotous. _Peuple —_; riotous people.

_Les flots —s_; the raging waves.

_se_ =mutiner=, _v.r._, to mutiny, to be refractory, unruly. _Cet enfant

se mutine_; that child is getting unruly.

=mutinerie= (-ti-n-rî), _n.f._, mutiny, riot, sedition; unruliness.

=mutisme=, _n.m._, dumbness, speechlessness.

=mutualité=, _n.f._, mutuality.

=mutuel=, =-le=, _adj._, mutual, reciprocal. _Société de secours —s_;

benefit _or_ friendly society.

=mutuellement= (-èl-mān), _adv._, mutually, reciprocally.

=mutule=, _n.f._, (arch.) mutule.

=myélite=, _n.f._, (med.) inflammation of the spinal marrow.

=myographie=, _n.f._, myography.

=myologie=, _n.f._, myology.

=myope=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, myope, short-sighted person; short-sighted.

=myope=, _n.m._, (ent.) conops.

=myopie=, _n.f._, myopia, myopy, short-sightedness.

=myose=, _n.f._, (med.) myosis.

=myosotis=, _n.m._, (bot.) myositis, forget-me-not, scorpion-grass.

=myosure=, _n.f._, (bot.) mouse-tail.

=myotomie=, _n.f._, myotomy.

=myriade=, _n.f._, myriad.

=myriagramme=, _n.m._, myriagramme (22·0485 lbs. avoirdupois).

=myriamètre=, _n.m._, myriametre (6·2138 miles).

=myriapode=, _n.m._, (ent.) myriapod.

=myrmidon=, _n.m._ _V._ =mirmidon=.

=myrobolan=, _n.m._, (bot.) myrobalan.

=myrobolan=, =-te=, _adj._ _V._ =mirobolant=.

=myrobolanier=, _n.m._, myrobalan-tree.

=myrrhe=, _n.f._, myrrh.

=myrrhis= (mir-ris), _n.m._, (bot.) myrrhis.

=myrte=, _n.m._, myrtle.

=myrtiforme=, _adj._, myrtiform.

=myrtille=, _n.f._, (bot.) bilberry.

=mystagogue= (-gog), _n.m._, (antiq.) mystagogue.

=mystère=, _n.m._, mystery, secret, secrecy; fuss, ado; importance. _Sans

autre —_; without further ado. _Approfondir un —_; to probe a mystery.

_Mettre du — à_; to make a mystery of.

=mystérieusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, mysteriously.

=mystérieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, mysterious.

=mysticisme=, _n.m._, mysticism.

=mysticité=, _n.f._, mysticism.

=mystificateur=, _n.m._, hoaxer, mystifier. _adj._, mystifying, hoaxing.

=mystification=, _n.f._, hoaxing, hoax, mystification.

=mystifier=, _v.a._, to hoax, to mystify.

=mystique=, _adj._, mystical, mystic.

=mystique=, _n.m.f._, (pers.) mystic.

=mystique=, _n.f._, (philos.) the study of spirituality.

=mystiquement= (-tik-mān), _adv._, mystically.

=mythe=, _n.m._, myth, fable, fiction.

=mythique=, _adj._, mythic, mythical.

=mythologie=, _n.f._, mythology.

=mythologique=, _adj._, mythological, fabulous.

=mythologiste= _or_ =mythologue=, _n.m._, mythologist.

=myure=, _adj._, (med.) sinking (of the pulse).

N

=n= (èn), _n.f._ (ne), _n.m._, the fourteenth letter of the alphabet, n.

=n’= (contraction of _Ne_), not.

=nabab=, _n.m._, nabob.

=nababie=, _n.f._, nabobship.

=nable=, _n.m._, (nav.) scuttle-hole; plug-stopper.

=nabot=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, (jest.) shrimp, manikin; (pers.) dwarf.

=nacarat=, _n.m._, nacarat.

=nacarat=, _adj. invariable_, nacarat.

=nacelle=, _n.f._, wherry, small boat, skiff; (of balloon) car; (arch.)

scotia, casement.

=nacre=, _n.f._, mother-of-pearl.

=nacré=, =-e=, _adj._, nacreous, pearly.

=nadir=, _n.m._, (astron.) nadir.

=naevus=, _n.m._, birth-mark, mole.

=naffe=, _n.m._, orange-flower. Only used in _Eau de —_; orange-flower

water.

=nage=, _n.f._, swimming; rowing, sculling, paddling; (fig.) profuse

perspiration, sweat. _A la —_; swimming, by swimming. _Passer la rivière

à la —_; to swim across the river _or_ to row over. _Se jeter à la —_; to

leap into the water. _Être tout en —_; to be in a bath of perspiration.

_Donner la —_; to pull the stroke oar, to give the stroke.

=nagée=, _n.f._, (l.u.) stroke in swimming _or_ rowing.

=nagement= (na-jmān), _n.m._, swimming, rowing.

=nageoire=, _n.f._, fin (of a fish); cork, bladder, float for swimming;

board floating in a pail (to keep the water steady).

=nageoter=, _v.n._, to swim a little, to swim about.

=nager=, _v.n._, to swim; to float; to roll; to welter; (nav.) to row, to

paddle, to scull, to pull. _Il nage comme un poisson_; he swims like a

fish. _— dans l’opulence_; to be rolling in riches. _— entre deux eaux_;

to swim under water; (fig.) to be a trimmer. _— dans son sang_; to be

weltering in one’s blood. _— à culer_; (nav.) to back, to back water.

=nageu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, swimmer; (nav.) rower, oarsman.

=naguère= _or_ =naguères= (na-ghèr), _adv._, lately, but lately, but now,

not long ago.

=naïade=, _n.f._, (myth.) naiad, water-nymph.

=naï-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, naïve, native, artless, ingenuous; plain,

unaffected, natural; candid; simple. _Grâce —ve_; native grace. _Réponse

—ve_; ingenuous answer.

=naïf=, _n.m._, (lit., paint.) nature without art.

=nain= (nin), =-e= (nè-n), _n._ and _adj._, dwarf; dwarfish. _— jaune_;

Pope Joan (card game). _Arbres —s_; dwarf trees. _Œuf —_; addled egg.

=naïre=, _n.m._, Indian chief (Malabar).

=naissain=, _n.m._, oyster-spat.

=naissance=, _n.f._, birth; nativity; descent, extraction; beginning,

dawn, rise. _Le lieu de sa —_; one’s birth-place. _Jour de —_,

_anniversaire de la —_; birth-day. _Être de haute —_; to be high-born.

_Prendre — de_; to be born; to originate in. _Donner — à_; to give rise

to. _La — de la poésie_; the dawn of poetry.

=naissant=, =-e=, _adj._, newly-born; dawning; budding, rising; infant,

in its infancy; beginning, growing, nascent. _Une fortune —e_; a rising

fortune.

=naître= (naissant, né), _v.n._, to be born, to come into the world; to

originate, to arise; to rise, to dawn, to spring up. _Il est né poète_;

he was born a poet. _Cela peut faire — des soupçons_; that may give rise

to suspicion. _Faire —_; to call into existence; to create, to produce,

to excite, to suggest. _Je l’ai vu —_; I knew him as a child.

=naïvement= (-iv-mān), _adv._, ingenuously, plainly, candidly, naïvely,

artlessly.

=naïveté= (-iv-té), _n.f._, native simplicity, ingenuousness,

artlessness; simple thing; naïveté.

=nanan=, _n.m._, sweetmeats, goody (childish).

=nankin=, _n.m._, nankeen.

=nanti=, =-e=, _part._, stocked, furnished with, holding as security.

_Être — de_; to hold as a pledge.

=nantir=, _v.a._, to give as a pledge, to secure.

_se_ =nantir=, _v.r._, to hold as a pledge; to provide one’s self (with);

to take possession (of); to feather one’s nest.

=nantissement= (-tis-mān), _n.m._, security, pledge, lien.

=napée=, _n.f._, (myth.) wood-nymph, mountain-nymph.

=napel=, _n.m._, (bot.) monk’s-hood.

=naphte=, _n.m._, naphtha.

=napiforme=, _adj._, (bot.) napiform, turnip-shaped.

=napoléon=, _n.m._, napoleon (French gold coin, worth $3.86).

=napolitain=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, Neapolitan.

=nappe=, _n.f._, cloth, table-cloth, cover; (hunt.) dead animal’s skin;

clap-net. _— d’eau_; sheet of water. _Eclair en —_; sheet-lightning.

=napperon= (na-pron), _n.m._, napkin, slip (small table-cloth).

=narcisse=, _n.m._, (bot.) daffodil, narcissus. _C’est un —_; he is

enamored of his person.

=narcotine=, _n.f._, narcotine.

=narcotique=, _n.m._ and _adj._, narcotic.

=narcotisme=, _n.m._, (med.) narcotism.

=nard=, _n.m._, (bot., pharm.) nard; (bot.) spikenard.

=nargue= (narg), _n.f._, pshaw, pish, scorn, disdain, slight, sneer.

_Dire — de_; to snap one’s finger at. _— de l’amour_; a fig for, a plague

on, love. _Faire — à_; to snap one’s fingers at.

=narguer= (-ghé), _v.a._, to defy, to set at defiance; to beard.

=narguilé=, _n.m._, narghileh (Turkish, Persian pipe).

=narine=, _n.f._, nostril.

=narquois=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, sharper, swindler; banterer, chaffer,

quiz; cunning, sly, chaffing, bantering. _Parler —_; to talk slang.

=narquoisement=, _adv._, cunningly, slyly, sneeringly, banteringly.

=narrat-eur=, _n.m._, =-rice=, _n.f._, (nar-ra-), narrator, relater.

=narrati-f=, =-ve= (nar-ra-), _adj._, narrative, narratory.

=narration= (nar-ra-), _n.f._, narration, narrative.

=narré= (nar-ré), _n.m._, narrative, narration, recital, account, story.

=narrer= (nar-ré), _v.a._, to narrate, to relate, to tell.

=narthex=, _n.m._, (arch.) narthex vestibule.

=narval=, _n.m._, (mam.) narwhal, sea-unicorn.

=nasal=, =-e=, _adj._, nasal. _Son —_; nasal sound.

=nasale=, _n.f._, (gram.) nasal.

=nasalement=, _adv._, (gram.) with a nasal sound.

=nasaliser=, _v.a._, to render nasal, to nasalize.

=nasalité=, _n.f._, (gram.) nasal sound.

=nasard=, _n.m._, organ-stop (to imitate the human voice).

=nasarde=, _n.f._, fillip, rap on the nose.

=nasarder=, _v.a._, to fillip, to rap on the nose; to jeer, to banter; to

defy, to make game of.

=naseau=, _n.m._, nostril (of animals). _Un fendeur de —x_; a swaggerer,

a braggart.

=nasi=, _n.m._, President of the Sanhedrim.

*=nasillant=, =-e=, _adj._, speaking through the nose.

*=nasillard=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, snuffler, person who speaks through

his nose; snuffling, nasal.

*=nasillement=, _n.m._, speaking through the nose, snuffling; twang.

*=nasiller=, _v.n._, to speak through the nose, to snuffle.

=nasilleu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, snuffler.

*=nasillonner=, _v.n._, to speak a little through the nose.

=nasse=, _n.f._, bow-net, weel, eel-pot. _Il est dans la —_; he is in a

scrape.

=nasselle=, _n.f._, rush net.

=natal=, =-e=, _adj._, natal, native, vernacular. _Lieu —_; birth-place.

_Pays —_; native country. _Jour —_; birthday.

=natation=, _n.f._, swimming.

=natatoire=, _adj._, swimming, natatory.

=nati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, native, natural. _Il est — de_; he is a native

of (towns). _Or —_; native gold.

=natif=, _n.m._, native.

=nation=, _n.f._, nation. _La grande —_; France (under Napoleon I.).

=national=, =-e=, _adj._, national, native. _Assemblée —e_; national

assembly. _Garde —e_; national guard (corps). _Garde —_; national guard

(man).

=nationalement= (-nal-mān), _adv._, nationally.

=nationaliser=, _v.a._, to nationalize.

_se_ =nationaliser=, _v.r._, to become nationalized.

=nationalité=, _n.f._, nationality.

=nationaux=, _n.m.pl._, natives, native subjects; countrymen.

=nativité=, _n.f._, nativity, birth.

=natron= _or_ =natrum=, _n.m._, (min.) natron.

=natte=, _n.f._, mat, matting, straw-mat; plait, twist (of hair, silk,

&c.).

=natter=, _v.a._, to mat; to plait, to plat, to twist.

=nattier=, _n.m._, mat-maker; straw-plaiter.

_in_ =naturalibus=, _adv._, (fam.) in a state of nakedness, stark naked.

=naturalisation=, _n.f._, naturalization.

=naturaliser=, _v.a._, to naturalize.

=naturalisme=, _n.m._, naturalism, naturalness.

=naturaliste=, _n.m.f._, naturalist. _adj._, naturalistic.

=naturalité=, _n.f._, citizenship, denizenship.

=nature=, _n.f._, nature; kind; habit, constitution, disposition, temper;

life, life-size. _Don de la —_; gift of nature. _L’habitude est une

seconde —_; habit is a second nature. _La — humaine_; human nature;

mankind. _Payer en —_; to pay in kind. _L’art perfectionne la —_; nature

is improved by art. _Prendre la — pour modèle_; to copy nature. _Dessiner

d’après —_; to draw from nature, from life. _De — à_; calculated to.

_Contre —_; unnatural. _adj._, _pommes de terre —_; plain boiled potatoes.

=naturel=, =-le=, _adj._, natural, native, inborn, innate, inherent,

genial; artless, plain, home-bred. _Enfant —_; illegitimate child.

=naturel=, _n.m._, native; nature, naturalness; freedom from affectation,

genuineness, simplicity; temper, constitution; feeling; life. _Les

—s d’un pays_; the natives of a country. _— fort et robuste_; strong

constitution. _Un homme d’un mauvais —_, _d’un bon —_; an ill-natured,

a good-natured, man. _Au —_; naturally, to the life, life-size; (cook.)

cooked plain.

=naturellement= (-rèl-mān), _adv._, naturally, by nature; genuinely,

sincerely, candidly; plainly, freely, artlessly.

=naufrage=, _n.m._, shipwreck, wreck. _Faire —_; to be wrecked _or_

shipwrecked.

=naufragé=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, castaway; wrecked, shipwrecked.

=naufrager=, _v.n._, to be shipwrecked, to suffer shipwreck.

=naulage=, _n.m._, freight, fare.

=naumachie=, _n.f._, naumachy (spectacle representing a sea-fight).

=nauséabond=, =-e=, _adj._, nauseous, loathsome, disgusting, sickening.

=nausée=, _n.f._, nausea, qualm, retching; loathing; disgust.

=nautile=, _n.m._, (mol.) nautilus; life-belt.

=nautique=, _adj._, nautical, nautic.

=nautiquement=, _adv._, nautically.

=nautoni-er=, _n.m._, =-ère=, _n.f._, (poet.) pilot, mariner.

=naval=, =-e=, _adj._, naval, sea, nautical. _Combat —_; sea-fight.

☉=navée=, _n.f._, boat-load.

=navet=, _n.m._, turnip; (hort.) root.

=navetier= (nav-tié), _n.m._, shuttle-maker.

=navetière=, _n.f._, turnip-field.

=navette=, _n.f._, (ecc.) incense-box; (bot.) rape, rape-seed;

netting-needle, shuttle. _Faire la —_; to go to and fro; to wobble.

_Huile de —_; rape oil. _Point de —_; lock-stitch.

=naviculaire=, _adj._, (anat., bot.) navicular.

=navigabilité=, _n.f._, navigableness, seaworthiness.

=navigable=, _adj._, navigable, seaworthy.

=navigateur=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, navigator; seafaring.

=navigation=, _n.f._, navigation, voyage, sailing. _— de plaisance_;

boating, yachting.

=naviguer= (-ghé), _v.n._, to navigate, to sail. _— en pleine mer_; to

sail in the open sea.

=naviguer= (-ghé), _v.a._, to row, to sail (a boat).

☉*=naville=, _n.f._, small irrigation canal.

=navire=, _n.m._, vessel, ship. [Not applied to men-of-war.] _Couler à

fond un —_; to sink a ship. _Un — marchand_; a merchantman.

=navrant=, =-e=, _adj._, heart-rending, heart-breaking, distressing.

=navré=, =-e=, _part._, broken-hearted, wrung, rent, distressed. _Avoir

le cœur —_; to be broken-hearted.

=navrer=, _v.a._, to wound, to distress; to rend the heart. _Cela me

navre le cœur_; that rends my heart.

=nazaréen= (-ré-in), _n.m._, =-ne= (-ré-è-n), _n.f._, Nazarite, Nazarene.

=n.b.=, (ab. of _Nota Bene_) _N.B._, _Nota Bene_.

=n.d.=, (ab. of _Notre Dame_) our Lady.

=ne=, _adv._, no, not. _Je — veux pas_; I will not. _Cela — vaut rien_;

that is worth nothing. _Il — cesse de gronder_; he does not cease

scolding, is always on the scold. _Je n’ose lui parler_; I dare not speak

to him. _Je — peux me taire_; I cannot remain silent. _Je — saurais vous

dire_; I cannot tell you. _Vous — devez pas_; you must not. _Je crains

que cela — soit_; I fear that it is so. _Je — doute pas que cela ne

soit_; I do not doubt it. _A moins que cela — soit_; unless that is so.

_Il — fait que dormir_; he does nothing but sleep. _— ... que_; only,

nothing but. _Il n’a a fait que cela_; he only did that. _Il — le fera

plus_; he will not do it again. [_Ne_ is contracted into _n’_ before a

vowel or a silent _h_.]

=né=, =-e=, _part._, born. _— de la mer_; sea-born. _Bien —_; of good

birth, well-disposed. _Nouveau-—_, _m._, (_—-—s_), _nouveau-—e_, _f._,

(_—-—s_) newly-born. _Mort-—_, _m._, (_—-—s_), _mort-—e_, _f._, (_—-—s_)

still-born. _Je suis — à Londres_; I was born in London. _Premier —_;

first-born.

=néanmoins=, _adv._, nevertheless, however, for all that, notwithstanding.

=néant=, _n.m._, nothing, naught, nothingness, emptiness, nonentity.

_C’est un homme de —_; he is a man of nothing. _Mettre au —_; to annul,

to set at naught.

=nébride=, _n.f._, fawn-skin (worn at the feast of Bacchus).

=nébuleuse=, _n.f._, (astron.) nebula.

=nébuleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, nebulous, cloudy, misty, hazy; obscure,

gloomy.

=nébulosité=, _n.f._, nebulosity, obscurity, gloom.

=nécessaire=, _adj._, necessary, requisite, needful, unavoidable,

indispensable.

=nécessaire=, _n.m._, necessaries, needful; dressing-case; work-box;

canteen. _Se refuser le —_; to refuse one’s self the necessaries of life.

=nécessairement= (-sèr-mān), _adv._, necessarily; of course.

=nécessitante=, _adj.f._, absolute; (theol.) compulsory.

=nécessité=, _n.f._, necessity, exigence; need, want. _— n’a point de

loi_; necessity knows no law. _Faire de — vertu_; to make a virtue of

necessity. _La — est la mère de l’invention_; necessity is the mother

of invention. _Les —s de la nature_; the wants of nature. _De —_; of

necessity, necessarily.

=nécessiter=, _v.a._, to compel, to force; to necessitate; to oblige, to

imply.

=nécessiteu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, necessitous, needy.

=nécessiteux=, _n.m._, pauper.

=nec plus ultra=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) ne plus ultra.

=nécrologe=, _n.m._, obituary.

=nécrologie=, _n.f._, necrology, obituary.

=nécrologique=, _adj._, necrologic, necrological.

=nécromance= _or_ =nécromancie=, _n.f._, necromancy.

=nécromancien= (-ci-in), _n.m._, =-ne= (-ci-è-n), _n.f._, necromancer.

=nécromant=, _n.m._, necromancer.

=nécropole=, _n.f._, necropolis.

=nécrose=, _n.f._, (med.) necrosis.

=nectaire=, _n.m._, (bot.) nectary, honey-cup.

=nectar=, _n.m._, nectar.

=nef=, _n.f._, nave (of a church); (poet.) ship. _Moulin à —_; mill built

upon a boat.

=néfaste=, _adj._, (antiq.) (of solemn festivals) of rest; inauspicious,

of evil omen, unlucky. _Jour —_; day of mourning.

=nèfle=, _n.f._, (bot.) medlar.

=néflier=, _n.m._, (bot.) medlar-tree.

=négatif=, _n.m._, (photograph), negative.

=négati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, negative.

=négation=, _n.f._, negation, negative.

=négative=, _n.f._, negative, refusal.

=négativement= (-tiv-mān) _adv._, negatively.

=négligé=, =-e=, _part._, neglected, unnoticed, unheeded, unstudied;

careless, slovenly. _Style —_; careless style. _Extérieur —_; slovenly

exterior.

=négligé=, _n.m._, undress, negligee.

=négligeable=, _adj._, (math.) that can be neglected, trifling,

unimportant. _Quantité —_; not important enough to be taken into account,

or that can be set aside.

=négligement= (-gli-jmān), _n.m._, (arts) neglect.

=négligemment= (-ja-mān), _adv._, negligently, carelessly.

=négligence=, _n.f._, negligence, neglect; carelessness, oversight.

=négligent=, =-e=, _adj._ and _n._, negligent, neglectful, remiss,

careless; negligent person.

=négliger=, _v.a._, to neglect, to omit, to overlook, to slight, to pass

over, to disregard, to pass by.

_se_ =négliger=, _v.r._, to neglect one’s self, to be negligent or

careless. _Il commence à —_; he begins to be careless of his person.

=négoce=, _n.m._, trade, traffic, business. _Faire un gros —_; to carry

on a large trade.

=négociabilité=, _n.f._, negotiability.

=négociable=, _adj._, negotiable, transferable.

=négociant=, _n.m._, merchant (wholesale).

=négociat-eur=, _n.m._, =-rice=, _n.f._, negotiator, transactor.

=négociation=, _n.f._, negotiation, transaction.

=négocier=, _v.n._, to negotiate, to trade.

=négocier=, _v.a._, to negotiate; to be in treaty for. _— un mariage_; to

bring about a marriage.

_se_ =négocier=, _v.r._, to be negotiating _or_ negotiated (of a thing).

*=négraille=, _n.f._, negro-race.

=nègre=, _n.m._, negro, black. _Travailler comme un —_; to toil and moil;

to work like a slave.

=négrerie=, _n.f._, negro-yard.

=négresse=, _n.f._, negress.

=négrier=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, slave-ship, slaver; slave-dealer.

_Capitaine —_; captain of a slave-ship. _Bâtiment —_; slave-ship.

_Marchand —_; slave-dealer.

*=négrillon=, _n.m._, =-ne=, _n.f._, little negro, negro boy, negro girl.

=négromancien=, =négromant=, _n.m._ _V._ =nécromancien=, =nécromant=.

=neige=, _n.f._, snow; (bot.) guelder-rose. _De gros flocons de —_; large

flakes of snow. _Amas de —_; snow-drift. _Boule de —_; snow-ball. _Il est

tombé de la —_; there has been a fall of snow. _D’une blancheur de —_; as

white as snow.

=neiger=, _v.imp._, to snow. _Il neige_; it snows.

=neigeu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, snowy. _Temps —_; snowy weather.

=nélumbo=, _n.m._, (bot.) nelumbium.

=néméen= (-in), _adj.m._, Nemean.

=nénies=, _n.f.pl._, (antiq.) funeral dirges.

=nenni= (na-ni), _adv._, (fam.) no, not at all. _—-da_; no, indeed;

certainly not.

=nénufar=, _n.m._, nenuphar, water-lily, water-rose.

=néo=, a prefix from Gr. νέος.

=néographe=, _n.m._ and _adj._, neographer.

=néographisme=, _n.m._, new way of spelling.

=néo-latin=, _adj._, neo-latin (applied to the seven modern languages

derived from Latin).

=néologie=, _n.f._, neology.

=néologique=, _adj._, neological.

=néologisme=, _n.m._, neologism.

=néologiste=, _n.m._, neologist.

=néologue=, _n.m._, (b.s.) neologist.

=néophyte=, _n.m.f._, neophyte.

=néo-platonicien= (-ci-in), =-ne= (-ci-è-n), _n._ and _adj._, (_—-—s_)

Neoplatonist. _Ecole —ne_; the Neoplatonist school.

=néo-platonisme=, _n.m._ (_n.p._), Neo-Platonism.

=néotérique=, _adj._, neoteric.

=néphralgie=, _n.f._, nephralgia.

=néphrétique=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (med.) nephritic (person affected with

renal colic).

=néphrétique=, _n.f._, renal colic.

=néphrite=, _n.f._, nephritis.

=népotisme=, _n.m._, nepotism.

=neptune=, _n.m._, (astron., myth.) Neptune; (fig.) the sea; (tech.)

nautical atlas.

=neptunien=, =-ne=, _adj._, (geol.) neptunian.

=nérée=, _n.m._, Nereus. _L’empire de —_ (poet.) the sea.

=néréide=, _n.f._, (myth.) Nereid.

=nerf= (nèrf), _n.m._, nerve, sinew; fortitude, vigor, strength, stamina;

(bookbind.) cord, slip of tape. _Attaque de —s_; fit, nervous attack,

hysterics. [The _f_ is mute in _nerf_, when used in the _pl._, and in

_nerf de bœuf_.] _L’argent est le — de la guerre_; money is the sinews of

war. _Donner sur les —s_; to make one feel nervous; to irritate one; to

rack one’s nerves. _Manquer de —_; to be wanting in energy.

=nerf-férure=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_) (vet.) overreach.

=nérite=, _n.f._, (conch.) nerite.

=néroli=, _n.m._, neroli.

=nerprun=, _n.m._, (bot.) buckthorn.

☉=nervaison=, _n.f._, (med.) nervous system.

☉=nerval=, =-e=, _adj._, acting upon the nerves, nervine.

=nervé=, =-e=, _part._, nerved, nervose; corded.

=nerver=, _v.a._, to cover with sinews. _— un livre_; (bookbind.) to cord

a book.

=nerveu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, nervous; sinewy, brawny, muscular, wiry,

vigorous. _Être —_; to be nervous. _Bras —_; sinewy arm.

=nervin=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, nervine.

=nervosité=, _n.f._, nervousness; nervosity.

=nervure=, _n.f._, (arch.) nerve; (bot.) nerve (of a leaf); (bookbind.)

slips of tape, cording; (ent.) nervure; (carp.) rib, fillet; (needlework)

piping.

=nestor=, _n.m._, (_—s_) Nestor; oldest, senior.

=nestorianisme=, _n.m._, (ecc. hist.) Nestorianism.

=nestorien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _adj._ and _n._, (ecc. hist.) Nestorian.

=net=, =-te=, _adj._, clean, neat, pure; clear, fair, empty; plain,

distinct; easy, perspicuous; flat, frank, point-blank; (com.) net. _Une

chambre —te_; a clean room. _Un cheval sain et —_; a horse warranted

sound and free from any defect. _Ce vin est —_; that wine is clear. _Une

écriture —te_; a fair hand. _Avoir la voix —te_; to have a clear voice.

_Je veux en avoir le cœur —_; I will know the rights of it. _Faire maison

—te_; to clear the house of servants. _Une réponse —te_; a plain answer.

_Son bien est —_; his estate is clear. _Une pensée —te_; a clear thought.

_Il a l’esprit —_; he has a clear understanding. _Avoir les mains —tes_;

(fig.) to have clean hands; not to be mixed up in any shady enterprise.

_Prix —_; trade price. _Bénéfice —_; clear profit.

=net=, _n.m._, fair copy. _Mettre au —_; to make a fair copy.

=net=, _adv._, clean, entirely; plainly, freely, flatly, point-blank,

outright. _Il me l’a refusé tout —_; he flatly refused me or he refused

me point-blank.

=nettement= (nèt-mān), _adv._, neatly; cleanly; clearly; distinctly,

outright; frankly, plainly, flatly. _Parlez-lui —_; speak to him plainly,

freely.

=netteté= (nèt-té), _n.f._, cleanness, cleanliness; neatness, clearness,

distinctness, sharpness, purity, plainness, blamelessness. _Voir avec —_;

to see with distinctness. _— dans la voix_; clearness of voice.

=nettoiement= (né-toa-mān), _n.m._, cleaning, cleansing, clearing;

scouring, sweeping; brushing, wiping.

=nettoyage=, _n.m._ _V._ =nettoiement=.

=nettoyer=, _v.a._, to clean, to cleanse, to make clean, to scour, to

wipe, to pick, to free, to clear, to rid (of), to sweep away, to sweep,

to free (from); to drive off. _— un habit_; to clean a coat. _— les biens

d’une maison_; to pay off the debts of a firm. _— le tapis_; to carry off

the stakes; to sweep the board. _— la tranchée_; (milit.) to drive the

besiegers from their trench. _— une maison_; (fig. fam.) to carry off the

furniture.

_se_ =nettoyer=, _v.r._, to clean one’s self, to be cleaned. _— les

dents_; to clean one’s teeth.

=neuf=, _n._ and _adj._, nine, ninth. _Un — de cœur_; a nine of hearts.

[Neuf is pronounced _neu_ when it precedes an _adj._ or a _n._ beginning

with a consonant or _h_ aspirate; and _neuv_, if the _adj._ or _n._

begins with a vowel or a silent _h_.]

=neuf=, _n.m._, new; something new. _À —_; anew, again; like new. _De —_;

new. _Habiller de —_; to dress in new clothes. _Donnez-nous du —_; give

us something new. _Il y a du —_; something has happened.

=neu-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, new; raw, green, young, inexperienced. _Maison

—ve_; new house. _Faire corps —_; to take a new lease of life. _Il est

tout — dans ce métier_; he is quite new to the business. _Une pensée

—ve_; a new thought. _Remettre à —_; to do up; to make as good as new or

equal to new.

=neume=, _n.m._, (plain chant) the singing of notes without words on one

vowel.

=neure=, _n.m._, Dutch herring-boat.

=neutralement= (-tral-mān), _adv._, (gram.) neutrally.

=neutralisant=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (chem.) neutralizing body;

neutralizing.

=neutralisation=, _n.f._, neutralization.

=neutraliser=, _v.a._, to neutralize.

_se_ =neutraliser=, _v.r._, to counteract each other, to become

neutralized.

=neutralité=, _n.f._, neutrality.

=neutre=, _n.m._ and _adj._, neuter; neutral. _Pavillon —_; neutral flag.

_Nom —_; neuter noun. _Verbe —_; neuter or intransitive verb. _Sel —_;

neutral salt.

=neuvaine=, _n.f._, (c.rel.) novena, neuvaine (nine days’ devotion).

=neuvième=, _n.m._ and _adj._, ninth. _Il est le —_, _elle est la —_, _de

sa classe_; he, she, is the ninth in his, in her, class.

=neuvième=, _n.f._, (mus.) ninth.

=neuvièmement= (-vièm-mān), _adv._, ninthly.

=neveu=, _n.m._, nephew. _pl._, (poet.) posterity, descendants.

_Petit-—_, (_—s-—x_) grandnephew. _— à la mode de Bretagne_; cousin once

removed. _Nos —x_, _nos derniers —x_, _nos arrière-—x_; our posterity,

our children’s children.

=névralgie=, _n.f._, neuralgia.

=névralgique=, _adj._, (med.) neuralgic.

=névritique=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, (med.) neurotic.

=névrographie=, _n.f._, neurology.

=névrologie=, _n.f._, neurology.

=névroptère=, _adj._, neuropteral, neuropterous.

=névroptère=, _n.m._, neuropteran.

=névrose=, _n.f._, (med.) nervous affection, nervous disorder, neurose.

=névrotomie=, _n.f._, neurotomy.

=newtonianisme= (neu-), _n.m._, Newtonianism.

=newtonien=, =-ne= (neu-to-ni-in, -è-n), _adj._, Newtonian.

=newtonien=, _n.m._, Newtonian.

=nez= (né), _n.m._, nose; face; scent (of dogs). _— aquilin_; aquiline

nose. _— retroussé_; turned-up nose. _— écrasé_, _épaté_; flat nose, pug

nose. _Il s’est cassé le —_; he has broken his nose. _Donner sur le — à

quelqu’un_; to strike any one on the nose. _Regarder quelqu’un sous le

—_; to stare any one in the face. _Ne voir pas plus loin que son —_; to

see no farther than one’s nose. _À vue de —_; by rule of thumb. _Avoir

bon —_; to have a good nose. _Il saigne du —_; his nose is bleeding.

_Au — de quelqu’un_; to a person’s face, under a person’s nose. _Rire

au — de quelqu’un_; to laugh in any one’s face. _Fermer la porte au

— à quelqu’un_; to shut the door in any one’s face. _— à —_; face to

face. _Parler du —_; to speak through the nose. _Fourrer son — dans une

affaire_; to thrust one’s nose into any business. _Mener quelqu’un par

le —_; to lead any one by the nose. _Donner du — en terre_; to fall on

one’s face; (fig.) to miscarry, to fail. _S’y casser le —_; to fail in

anything. _Tirer les vers du — à quelqu’un_; to pump any one. _Jeter

quelque chose au — de quelqu’un_; to cast a thing in any one’s teeth; to

twit any one (with). _Il a bon —_; he is a sagacious man. _Il a un pied

de —_; he looks foolish; he is sadly disappointed. _Faire un pied de —

à_; to laugh at. _Qui coupe son — dégarnit son visage_; it is an ill bird

that fouls his own nest. _Il lui en pend autant au —_; he may expect as

much.

=ni=, _conj._, neither; nor; either; or. _Il n’est — bon — mauvais_; it

is neither good nor bad. _— moi non plus_; nor I either.

=niable=, _adj._, deniable; (jur.) traversable.

=niais=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, ninny, simpleton; silly, simple, foolish.

_Il a l’air —_; he has a silly look.

=niaisement= (nièz-mān), _adv._, sillily, foolishly.

=niaiser=, _v.n._, to stand trifling, to play the fool, to fiddle-faddle.

=niaiserie= (-èz-rî), _n.f._, silliness, foolishness, simplicity; silly

thing, trifle, foolery, nonsense.

=niche=, _n.f._, niche, nook, corner; recess, alcove, retreat; kennel;

trick, prank. _Faire une — à_; to play a trick upon.

=nichée=, _n.f._, nest (of young birds); brood; crew, gang, set. _Une —

de souris_; a brood of mice.

=nicher=, _v.a._, to nestle, to build; to lodge. _Qui vous a niché là?_

who put you there?

_se_ =nicher=, _v.r._, to nestle, to nestle one’s self; to hide one’s

self; to put one’s self. _Où la vertu va-t-elle se —?_ who could expect

to find virtue there?

=nicher=, _v.n._, to nestle, to build a nest.

=nichet=, _n.m._, nest-egg.

=nichoir=, _n.m._, breeding-cage.

=nickel=, _n.m._, (metal.) nickel.

=nicodème=, _n.m._, noodle, booby, nincompoop. _C’est un grand —_; he is

a great noodle.

=nicotiane= (-ci-), _n.f._, (bot.) nicotiana.

=nicotine=, _n.f._, nicotine.

=nictation=, _n.f._, nictation, nictitation.

=nicter=, _v.n._, (vet.) to nictate.

=nictitation=, _n.f._ _V._ =nictation=.

=nid=, _n.m._, nest; berth, post. _Petit à petit l’oiseau fait son —_;

little strokes fell great oaks. _Trouver la pie au —_; to find what one

is looking for. _Un — à rats_; a hovel, a mere hole. _— d’oiseau_; bird’s

nest. _À chaque oiseau son — est beau_; home is home, be it never so

homely. _On n’a plus trouvé que le —_; they found the birds flown.

=nidification=, _n.f._, nidification, nest-building.

=nidoreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, nidorous.

=nièce=, _n.f._, niece. _Petite-—_, (_—s-—s_) grand-niece. _— à la mode

de Bretagne_; cousin, once removed.

=nielle=, _n.f._, smut, blight; (bot.) rose-campion, corn-cockle,

fennel-flower.

=nielle=, _n.m._, niello, inlaid enamel-work.

=nieller=, _v.a._, (agri.) to smut, to blast, to blight; to inlay with

enamel-work.

_se_ =nieller=, _v.r._, to become smutty, blighted.

=nielleur=, _n.m._, (gold.) enameler of niello.

=niellure=, _n.f._, (gold.) niello-work.

=nier=, _v.a._, to deny, to gainsay, to disown, to deny the existence of;

(jur.) to traverse. _Il nie que cela soit_; he denies that it is so.

_se_ =nier=, _v.r._, to be denied.

=nigaud=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, booby, simpleton, silly fellow; silly,

foolish. _Un grand —_; a great booby.

=nigaud=, _n.m._, (orni.) booby, gannet.

=nigauder=, _v.n._, to play the fool, to trifle.

=nigauderie= (-gô-drî), _n.f._, silliness, tomfoolery; foolish trick.

=nigelle=, _n.f._, (bot.) fennel-flower.

=nihilisme=, _n.m._, nihilism.

=nihiliste=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, nihilist, nihilistic.

=nilgaut=, _n.m._, (zoöl.) nylghau (kind of antelope).

*=nille=, _n.f._, tendril (of a vine).

=nilomètre=, _n.m._, nilometer.

=nimbe=, _n.m._, (paint.) nimbus, halo.

=nipper=, _v.a._, to fit out, to rig out.

_se_ =nipper=, _v.r._, to rig one’s self out. _Il s’est bien nippé_; he

has rigged himself out very well; he is quite a toff.

=nippes=, _n.f.pl._, clothes, apparel; togs, toggery; things; furniture.

[Mostly used in the plural.]

=nique=, _n.f._, (fam., l.u.) sign of mockery or contempt. _Faire la — à

quelqu’un_; to mock any one, to make fun of. _Faire la — à la fortune_;

to despise riches.

=nitée=, _n.f._ _V._ =nichée=.

=nitouche=, _n.f._, demure hypocrite. _Sainte —_; demure-looking person.

_Faire la sainte —_; to look as if butter would not melt in one’s mouth.

=nitrate=, _n.m._, nitrate.

=nitre=, _n.m._, niter.

=nitreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, nitrous.

=nitrière=, _n.f._, niter-bed.

=nitrification=, _n.f._, nitrification.

_se_ =nitrifier=, _v.r._, to nitrify.

=nitrique=, _adj._, nitric.

=nitrite=, _n.m._, nitrite.

=nitrogène=, _n.m._ and _adj._, nitrogen; nitrogenous.

=nitroglycérine=, _n.f._, (chem.) nitroglycerine.

=nitro-muriatique=, _adj._, nitro-muriatic.

=nitrosité=, _n.f._, nitrosity, nitrous quality (of).

=nivéal=, =-e=, _adj._, growing in the snow; snowy.

=niveau=, _n.m._, level. _— d’eau_; water-level. _— à bulle d’air_;

spirit-level. _— à perpendicule_; plumb-level. _Au — de_; on a level

with, even with. _— des eaux_; water-mark. _Mettre de —_; to level, to

make even.

=niveler= (ni-vlé), _v.a._, to make even, to take the level of, to level.

=nivellette=, _n.f._, level-indicator.

=niveleur= (ni-vleur), _n.m._, leveler.

=nivellement= (-vèl-mān), _n.m._, leveling.

=nivéole=, _n.f._, (bot.) snow-flake, snow-drop.

=nivereau=, _n.m._, _or_ =niverolle=, _n.f._, snow-bird.

☉=nivet=, _n.m._, (pop.) gratuity, tip, douceur.

=nivôse=, _n.m._, Nivôse, fourth month of the calendar of the first

French republic, from December 21st or 22d to January 19th or 20th.

=nobiliaire=, _n.m._, nobiliary.

=nobiliaire=, _adj._, of the nobility, aristocratic.

=nobilissime=, _adj._, most noble.

=noble=, _adj._, noble, great, high, elevated. _Être de — sang_; to be of

noble blood. _Il a l’air —_; he has a noble look.

=noble=, _n.m._, noble, nobleman.

=noblement=, _adv._, nobly, honorably, handsomely. _Vivre —_; to live

like a noble.

=noblesse=, _n.f._, nobility, rank; nobleness, loftiness. _La haute —_;

the higher nobility. _La petite —_; the petty nobility. _— de cœur_;

nobleness of heart. _— de style_; loftiness of style.

=noce=, _n.f._, wedding, wedding-party; jollification, drinking-bout.

_pl._, marriage, nuptials, wedding. _Habit de —s_; wedding suit. _Tant

qu’à des —s_; (prov. pop.) plentifully, as much as you like. _N’être pas

à la —_; not to be enjoying one’s self. _Gâteau de —_; bride-cake. _Faire

la —_; to go on the spree, on the loose. _Je n’ai jamais été à pareilles

—s_; I never had such a time of it.

=nocer=, _v.n._, to go on the spree, on the loose.

=noceu-r=, =-se=, _n.m.f._, gay dog; gay woman.

=nocher=, _n.m._, (poet.) pilot. _Caron, le pâle —_; Charon, the grim

ferryman. _Mon — face à face_; my pilot face to face (Tennyson).

=nocial=, _n.m._, wedding dress.

=noctambule=, _n.m.f._, noctambulist, sleep-walker.

=noctambulisme=, _n.m._, noctambulism, sleep-walking.

=nocturne=, _adj._, nocturnal, nightly, night, of night.

=nocturne=, _n.m._, (rel.) nocturn; (mus.) nocturne.

=nocturnement=, _adv._, (l.u.) by night, nocturnally.

☉=nocuité=, _n.f._, noxiousness, culpability.

=nodosité=, _n.f._, nodosity; (surg.) node.

=nodule=, _n.m._, nodule.

=nodus=, _n.m._, (surg.) node.

=noël=, _n.m._, Christmas; Yule-tide; Christmas carol. _Les fêtes de —_;

the Christmas holidays. _À la fête de —_, _à la —_; at Christmas. _Noël!

noël!_ Hurrah! hurrah!

=nœud= (neu), _n.m._, knot; stress, difficulty, intricacy, knotty point;

rub; tie, bond, band, bow; knuckle; knob; node (med., bot., astron.,

lit.). _— serré_; hard knot. _— coulant_; noose, slip knot. _Un — de

diamants_; a cluster of diamonds. _— d’amour_; love-knot. _Bois plein

de —s_; wood full of knots. _Voilà le — de l’affaire_; there lies the

kernel of the matter; there’s the rub. _Resserrer les —s de l’amitié_;

to tighten the bonds of friendship. _Le — de la gorge_; Adam’s apple. _—

d’une pièce de théâtre_; the knot or plot of a play. _—s d’une planète_;

nodes of a planet. _— de bouline_; (nav.) bowline-knot. _— de bois_;

(nav.) timber-hitch. _Nous filons douze —s par heure_; we are making

twelve knots an hour. _Le — gordien_; the Gordian knot.

=noguet=, _n.m._, large, flat wicker basket.

=noie-chien=, _n.m._, shooting-boat.

=noir=, =-e=, _adj._, black; swarthy; foul, dirty; dark, gloomy; black

and blue; dismal, dull, gloomy; base, wicked, foul, heinous; brown (of

bread). _— comme jais_; black as jet. _Des yeux —s_; black eyes. _Blé

—_; buckwheat. _Bêtes —es_; black game. _Une chambre —e_; a dark room.

_Un temps —_; gloomy weather. _Il a une humeur —e_; he has a fit of the

blues. _Des idées —es_; gloomy ideas. _Un — attentat_; a foul crime.

_Bête —e_; pet aversion. _Rendre —_; to blacken. _— comme dans un four_;

dark as pitch.

=noir=, _n.m._, black; negro; (agri.) brown-rust. _— de fumée_; lampblack.

_— animal_; charcoal. _— d’ivoire_; ivory-black. _Teindre en —_; to dye

black. _Porter le —_; to be in mourning. _En —_; in black. _Broyer du —_;

to have the blues.

=noirâtre=, _adj._, blackish.

=noiraud=, =-e=, _adj._, dark, swarthy-looking.

=noirceur=, _n.f._, blackness; darkness; black spot; heinousness,

baseness, atrocity, foulness, treacherous action, foul thing. _La —de son

crime_; the heinousness of his crime. _La — de son âme_; the baseness of

his soul.

=noircir=, _v.a._, to black, to blacken, to make black, to stain, to

smut; to sully, to traduce, to asperse, to defame. _Le soleil noircit le

teint_; the sun tans the complexion. _— la réputation de quelqu’un_; to

sully any one’s character.

_se_ =noircir=, _v.r._, to blacken, to grow black or dark; to get or turn

black; to disgrace one’s self. _Se — la barbe_; to blacken one’s beard.

_Cela s’est noirci à la fumée_; that has turned black in the smoke. _Le

temps se noircit_; the weather is beginning to get cloudy.

=noircir=, _v.n._, to blacken, to grow black.

=noircissure=, _n.f._, smudge, black spot.

=noire=, _n.f._, (mus.) crotchet.

=noise=, _n.f._, quarrel, squabble, brawl. _Chercher — à quelqu’un_; to

pick a quarrel with any one. _Avoir — avec_; to have a quarrel with.

=noisetier= (noaz-tié), _n.m._, nut-tree, hazel-tree.

=noisette=, _n.f._, nut, hazel-nut.

=noix= (noa), _n.f._, walnut, nut; kernel; (of meat) pope’s eye; tumbler

(of fire-arms); plug (of cocks); grinding-wheel (of coffee-mills). _— de

galle_; gall-nut. _Coquille de —_; walnut-shell. _La — du genou_; the

knee-cap. _— d’acajou_; cachew-nut. _— muscade_; nutmeg. _— vomique_;

nux vomica. _Brou de —_; walnut husk. _— de terre_, _terre-—_ (_—_);

earth-nut, pig-nut.

=noli me tangere= (-mé-tan-jé-ré), _n.m._ (_—_), (bot.) noli me tangere,

touch me not.

=nolis= _or_ =nolisement=, _n.m._, freight, chartering.

=noliser=, _v.a._, to freight, to charter.

=nom= (non), _n.m._, name; fame, celebrity; (gram.) noun, title, style.

_Un — propre_, _un — de baptême_; a proper, a christian, name. _Je ne

le connais que de —_; I only know him by name. _— de guerre_; assumed

name; alias; nickname. _Il nomme les choses par leur —_; he calls a

spade a spade. _Au — de_; in the name of. _De —_; in name. _Avoir —_;

to be called. _— social_ or _raison sociale_; name of the firm, style.

_Décliner son —_; to give in one’s name. _Changer de —_; to change one’s

name. _— collectif_; collective noun. _— substantif_, _— adjectif_; noun

substantive, noun adjective. _— d’une pipe_, _— d’un tonnerre_, _— d’un

petit bon homme!_ By Jingo! By George!

=nomade=, _n.m._ and _adj._, nomad; nomadic, wandering, migratory.

_Peuples —s_; nomadic tribes.

=nomancie=, _n.f._, nomancy.

=nomarque=, _n.m._, (antiq.) nomarch.

=nombrable=, _adj._, (l.u.) countable, numerable.

=nombrant=, _adj._, (math.) abstract.

=nombre=, _n.m._, number; numbers; quantity; variety; quorum; harmony.

_Mettre au — de_; to number among. _— compétent_; quorum (of members).

_Surpasser en —_; to outnumber. _— pair_; even number. _— impair_; odd

number. _— premier_; primary number. _Être du —_, _au — des savants_; to

be one of the learned. _Vous n’êtes pas du —_; you are not one of them.

_Dans le —_; among the number. _Il y a du — dans ces vers_; there is

harmony in these verses. _— abstrait_, _— nombrant_; abstract number. _—

concret_, _— nombré_; concrete number. _— d’or_ (astron.); golden number.

_N’être pas en —_ (of assemblies); not to form a quorum. _Tout fait —_;

every little helps.

=nombré=, =-e=, _part._, (math.) concrete; numbered.

=nombrer=, _v.a._, to number, to compute, to sum up, to reckon.

=nombreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, numerous; harmonious, full. _Style —_;

harmonious style.

=nombril= (non-bri), _n.m._, (anat.) navel, umbilic; (bot.) hilum, eye.

=nome=, _n.m._, (antiq.) nome.

=nomenclateur=, _n.m._, nomenclator.

=nomenclature=, _n.m._, nomenclature.

=nominal=, _-e_, _adj._, nominal. _Appel —_; show of hands; call over.

=nominalement=, _adv._, nominally.

=nominalisme=, _n.m._, (philos.) nominalism.

=nominaliste=, _n.m._, (nominaux) (philos.) Nominalist.

=nominataire=, _n.m._, (ecc.) nominee, presentee.

=nominateur=, _n.m._, (ecc.) nominator, presenter, patron.

=nominatif=, _n.m._, (gram.) nominative.

=nominati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, of names.

=nomination=, _n.f._, nomination, appointment; election, advowson; gift.

_Être dans la — de_; to be in the gift of.

=nominativement= (-tiv-mān), _adv._, by name.

=nommé=, =-e=, _part._, named, said, appointed; designate; a certain.

_Le — Jacques_; one James by name _or_ the said James. _À jour —_; on

the appointed day. _À point —_; in the nick of time. _Un — Charles_; a

certain Charles by name.

=nommément=, _adv._, namely; particularly, especially.

=nommer=, _v.a._, to name, to call, to give a name; to nominate, to

appoint, to elect, to mention. _— quelqu’un son héritier_; to institute

any one one’s heir.

_se_ =nommer=, _v.r._, to state one’s name; to be called. _Comment se

nomme-t-il?_ what is his name?

=nomothète=, _n.m._, (antiq.) nomothete.

=non=, _adv._, no, not. _— pas, s’il vous plaît_; not so, if you please.

_Vous ne l’aimez pas, ni moi — plus_; you do not like it, nor I either.

_Je crois que —_; I think not. _Je dis que —_; I say no. _—-da_; no

indeed, certainly not.

=non-acceptation=, _n.f._, non-acceptance.

=non-activité=, _n.f._, (n.p.) (milit.) being unattached (of officers),

non-effective.

=nonagénaire=, _adj._, of ninety, ninety years of age. _n.m.f._,

nonagenarian.

=nonagésime=, _adj._, nonagesimal.

=nonagone=, _n.m._, nonagon.

=nonandre=, _adj._, (bot.) having nine stamens.

☉=nonante=, _adj._, ninety.

☉=nonantième=, _adj._, ninetieth.

=nonce=, _n.m._, nuncio.

=nonchalamment= (-la-mān), _adv._, carelessly, indolently, heedlessly.

=nonchalance=, _n.f._, carelessness, heedlessness, remissness,

nonchalance.

=nonchalant=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, careless, listless person; careless,

heedless, listless, remiss.

=nonchaloir=, _n.m._, nonchalance, heedlessness.

=nonciature=, _n.f._, nunciature, nuncio’s residence.

=non-conformiste=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) nonconformist.

=non-conformité=, _n.f._, (_n.p._) nonconformity.

=none=, _n.f._, (c.rel.) none; (antiq.) ninth hour (3 o’clock p.m.).

=nones=, _n.f.pl._, (antiq.) nones.

=non-être=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) (philos.) non-entity, non-existence.

=nonidi=, _n.m._, nonidi (ninth day of the decade of the calendar of the

first French republic).

=non-intervention=, _n.f._, (_n.p._) (pol.) non-intervention.

=nonius= (-ûs), _n.m._, (math.) nonius, sliding rule.

=non-jouissance=, _n.f._, (_n.p._) non-enjoyment, non-use.

=non-lieu=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) (jur.) no cause, no ground, to prosecute.

_Ordonnance de —_; release, discharge. _Rendre une ordonnance de —_; to

throw out a bill (of indictment).

=non-moi=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) (philos.) the non ego, the external world.

=nonnain=, _n.f._, (jest.) nun; (pigeon) jacobin.

=nonnat=, _n.m._, sand-eel, sand-smelt.

=nonne=, _n.f._, nun; (pigeon) bald-head.

=nonnerie= (no-n-rî), _n.f._, (jest.) nunnery.

=nonnette=, _n.f._, (jest.) young nun, nun; sort of gingerbread; (orni.)

osprey. _— cendrée_; marsh-tit.

=nonobstant=, _prep._, notwithstanding, in spite of.

=nonobstant que=, _conj._, notwithstanding, although.

=non-ouvré=, =-e=, _adj._, (of raw materials) unwrought.

=non-pair=, _adj._, not even, odd (of numbers).

*=nonpareil=, =-le=, _adj._, nonpareil, matchless, unparalleled.

*=nonpareille=, _n.f._, nonpareil; narrow ribbon; nonpareil, nonesuch

(apple, small sugar-plum); (print.) nonpareil.

=non-payement=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) non-payment.

=non plus ultra=, _n.m._ _V._ =nec plus ultra=.

=non-prix=, _n.m._, (_—_) (com.) undervalue.

=non-résidence=, _n.f._, (_n.p._) non-residence.

=non-sens=, _n.m._, (_—_) nonsense.

=nonuple=, _adj._, ninefold.

=nonupler=, _v.a._, to increase nine times.

=non-usage=, _n.m._, (_n.p._) disuse.

=non-valeur=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) unproductiveness; (com.) bad debt,

worthless bill.

=non-vente=, _n.f._, no sale.

☉=non-vue=, _n.f._, (_n.p._) (nav.) misty weather, fog.

=nopal=, _n.m._, (_—s_) (bot.) nopal; cochineal-fig.

=nord=, _n.m._, North; north-wind; Nord (department of France). _—-est_,

north-east; north-east wind. _—-ouest_; north-west; north-west wind. _Au

—_ or _vers le —_; northwards. _Faire le —_; to sail northwards. _Chemin

de fer du —_; Great Northern (railway) of France.

=nord=, _adj._ _Pôle —_; North pole.

=noria=, _n.f._, (_—s_) (mec.) noria, Persian-wheel; chain-pump.

=normal=, =-e=, _adj._, normal. _Ecole —e_; normal school. _Etat —_;

healthy state, normal condition.

=normale=, _n.f._, (geom.) normal, perpendicular.

=normalien=, _n.m._, normal-school student.

=normand=, _-e_, _adj._, Norman; equivocal (of answers); feigned

(reconciliation). _Réponse —e_; ambiguous answer.

=normand=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, Norman. _Répondre en —_; to give an

evasive answer. _C’est un fin —_; he is a crafty fellow. _C’est répondre

en —_; that is giving an evasive answer, that is shuffling.

=normander=, _v.a._, (agri.) to clean (corn).

=nos=, _adj.m.f.pl._, our.

=nosographie=, _n.f._, nosography.

=nosologie=, _n.f._, nosology.

=nosologiste=, _n.m._, nosologist.

=nosseigneurs=, _n.m.pl._, my lords; their lordships.

=nostalgie=, _n.f._, nostalgia, home-sickness.

=nostoc=, _n.m._, (bot.) nostoch.

=nota=, _n.m._, (_—_) observation, note, remark, marginal note. _— bene_;

note carefully.

=notabilité=, _n.f._, (com.) respectability; notability; principal

person.

=notable=, _adj._, notable, remarkable, considerable, of influence.

_Faits —s_; remarkable doings; remarkable facts.

=notable=, _n.m._, principal; (hist. of France) notable; leading man; man

of note, notability.

=notablement=, _adv._, notably, considerably, principally.

=notaire=, _n.m._, notary, solicitor, attorney. _— public_; notary

public. _C’est comme si le — y avait passé_; it is as good as a bond.

=notamment= (no-ta-mān), _adv._, specially, especially, particularly,

namely.

=notarial=, =-e=, _adj._, notarial.

=notariat=, _n.m._, profession of a notary; notary’s business.

=notarié=, =-e=, _adj._, notarial.

=notation=, _n.f._, notation.

=note=, _n.f._, note, mark, remark, brand; bill; account; minute,

memorandum. _— infamante_; brand of infamy. _Chanter sur une autre —_; to

change one’s tune. _Chanter la —_; to sol-fa. _Bien attaquer la —_; to

make a note tell. _— sensible_; leading note.

=noter=, _v.a._, to note, to note down; to mark, to brand; to observe, to

notice, to take notice; (mus.) to note, to prick. _Notez bien cela_; take

good note of that. _Notez bien!_ mark you! _Mal noté_; (pers.) ill-famed,

of bad reputation. _Cela est à —_; that is worth noting down, worth

remembering.

☉=noteur=, _n.m._, music copier.

=notice=, _n.f._, notice, note; account; sketch; review.

=notification=, _n.f._, notification.

=notifier=, _v.a._, to notify, to give notice of, to make known.

=notion=, _n.f._, notion, idea, knowledge. _pl._, elements, rudiments.

_Selon la — que j’en ai_; according to my notion of it.

=notoire=, _adj._, notorious, well-known, plain.

=notoirement= (no-toar-mān), _adv._, notoriously, clearly.

=notoriété=, _n.f._, notoriety, evidence; reputation.

=notre=, _adj.m.f._ (_nos_), our. _— maison_; our house. _— père_; our

father. _Nos frères et nos sœurs_; our brothers and sisters. _Nos père et

mère_; our father and mother.

=nôtre= (=le=), _possessive pron._ _m.f._ (_nôtres_), ours. _C’est votre

ami et le —_; it is your friend and ours. _Le —_; our own, ours. _Les —s_;

our people, our relations, our friends. _Celui-là est-il des —s?_ is that

man one of our people? _Ne serez-vous pas des —s?_ won’t you make one of

us, _or_ join our party? _Voilà leur maison, celle-ci est la —_; that is

their house, this one is ours.

=notre-dame=, _n.f._, our Lady; festival in honor of our Lady; Notre-Dame

(church).

=noue=, _n.f._, gutter-lead; pantile; pasture ground; cod-sound.

=noué=, =-e=, _part._, knotted, tied, rickety. _Enfant —_; rickety child;

(of fruits) set. _Une pièce de théâtre bien —e_; dramatic piece, with a

skillfully drawn plot.

=nouement= (noo-mān), _n.m._, knotting, tying.

=nouer=, _v.a._, to tie, to knot, to join; to get up, to concoct; to

twist; to clasp, to form; (nav.) to hitch.

_se_ =nouer=, _v.r._, to attach, to fasten one’s self; to grow rickety;

(of fruits) to set.

=nouer=, _v.n._, (hort.) to set (of fruit).

=nouet=, _n.m._, little bag.

=noueur=, _n.m._, tier, binder.

=noueu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, knotty, gnarled, knotted, full of knots, nodose.

=nougat=, _n.m._, almond-cake.

=nouilles= _or_ =noules=, _n.f.pl._, ribbon vermicelli.

=noulet=, _n.m._, gutter; rafter (of a roof).

=noumène=, _n.m._, (in Kant’s philos.) noumenon.

=nourrain=, _n.m._, fry (fish). _V._ =alevin=.

=nourri=, =-e=, _part._, nourished, fed; rich, full, copious; (of fire)

well sustained, brisk. _Feu bien —_; very brisk fire. _Une couleur —e_;

(paint.) color thickly laid on. _Blé_, _grain_, _bien —_; well-filled

corn. _Style —_; copious style.

=nourrice=, _n.f._, nurse; wet-nurse. _Mère —_; foster-mother. _Mettre un

enfant en —_; to put a child out to nurse. _Elle dit qu’elle a vingt ans;

et les mois de —_; she says she is twenty; and the rest!

=nourricier=, _n.m._, foster-father, fosterer.

=nourrici-er=, =-ère=, _adj._, nutritive, nutritious. _Père —_;

foster-father. _Mère —ère_; foster-mother.

=nourrir=, _v.a._, to nourish, to nurture; to feed, to keep, to maintain,

to sustain; to suckle, to nurse, to foster, to harbor, to entertain;

to supply; to bring up, to rear, to keep alive; to cherish. _Le bois

nourrit le feu_; wood feeds the fire. _La Sicile nourrissait Rome_;

Sicily supplied Rome with provisions. _L’étude nourrit l’esprit_; study

strengthens the understanding. _L’espérance nourrit l’amour_; hope keeps

love alive.

_se_ =nourrir=, _v.r._, to feed, to live upon, to support one’s self

upon; to live, to feed upon, to feast on, to delight in. _Se bien

nourrir_; to live well.

=nourrissage=, _n.m._, feeding (of cattle).

=nourrissant=, =-e=, _adj._, nutritive, nourishing.

=nourrisseur=, _n.m._, cow-keeper, cattle-feeder; breeder.

=nourrisseur=, _adj._, (tech.) feeding.

=nourrisson=, _n.m._, foster-child, nurse-child, nursling, suckling.

=nourriture=, _n.f._, nourishment, food, diet, board, maintenance,

living, livelihood; nurture. _Son travail lui procure la —_; his labor

brings him in a livelihood. _Faire des —s_; to breed cattle, fowls, etc.

=nous=, _personal pron._, we, us; to us; each other. _— disons_; we say.

_Il — aime_; he loves us. _Vous — parlez_; you speak to us. _—-mêmes_;

ourselves. _— autres_; we _or_ the like of us! _— — aimons_; we love each

other. _C’est à — à_; it is our turn to. _C’est à — de_; it is our duty

to.

=nouure=, _n.f._, rickets; (hort.) knotting, setting.

=nouveau=, =nouvel=, _adj.m._, =nouvelle=, _f._, new, recent, novel,

fresh, further; new-fangled, modern, new-fashioned; inexperienced,

green. _Le nouvel an_; the new year. _De —le date_; recently. _De —le

mode_; new-fashioned. _Recommencer sur nouveaux frais_; to begin anew,

_or_ all over again. _Un homme —_; an upstart. _Un habit —_; a coat of

a new fashion. _Un nouvel habit_; a fresh _or_ another coat. _— venu_;

newly-come. _Un — venu_; a new-comer; _des nouveaux venus_; new-comers;

_une nouvelle venue_; new-comer (female); _des nouvelles venues_;

new-comers (females). _— débarqué_; (fig.) person just come up from the

country. [Nouvel is used for the _masculine_ before a vowel or an _h_

mute.]

=nouveau=, _n.m._, new, something new. _À —_; on new account. _De —_;

anew; again. _Qu’y a-t-il de —?_ what is the news?

=nouveau-né=, _n.m._ (_—-—s_), =nouveau-née=, _n.f._ (_—-—s_), new-born

child.

=nouveauté=, _n.f._, newness, novelty; change, innovation. _pl._, fancy

articles. _Magasin de —s_; linen-draper’s shop. _C’est une — que de vous

voir_; it is quite a change to see you. _Marchand de —s_; linen-draper.

_Haute —_; latest fashion.

=nouvelle=, _n.f._, news, tidings, intelligence, account; novelette;

tale, story. _Quelles sont les —s?_ what is the news? _Débiter des —s_;

to spread news. _—s de basse cour_; idle rumors. _Envoyer savoir des —s

de quelqu’un_; to send to know how any one is. _Mandez-moi de vos —_; let

me hear from you. _Ne faites rien que vous n’ayez de mes —_; do nothing

till you hear from me. _Vous aurez de mes —s_; you shall hear from me.

_J’en sais des —_; I know something about it. _Point de —s, bonnes —s_;

no news is good news. _Recevoir des —s de_; to hear from. _Avez-vous de

ses —?_ have you heard from him _or_ her? _Vous m’en direz des —_; you’ll

be astonished, delighted, highly pleased with it.

=nouvellement= (noo-vèl-mān), _adv._, newly, lately, recently.

=nouvelleté= (-vèl-té), _n.f._, (jur.) dispossession, trespass.

=nouvelliste=, _n.m._, newsmonger; novelist.

=novale=, _n.f._, land newly broken up. _pl._, tithes on new land.

=novat-eur=, =-rice=, _n._ and _adj._, innovator; innovating.

=novation=, _n.f._, (jur.) substitution, change.

=novelles=, _n.f.pl._, (Roman law) Justinian’s constitutions.

=novembre=, _n.m._, November.

=novice=, _adj._, novice, inexperienced, raw, green, new. _Une main —_;

an inexperienced hand.

=novice=, _n.m.f._, novice, probationer; (nav.) apprentice. _Il est

encore — dans son métier_; he is yet but a novice in his trade.

=noviciat=, _n.m._, novitiate, novices’ quarters, probationership.

☉=novissimé=, _adv._, (fam.) very lately.

=noyade= (noa-yad), _n.f._, drowning. _Les noyades_; (Fr. Hist.) judicial

drowning.

=noyale= _or_ =noyalle= (noa-yal), _n.f._, sailcloth, canvas.

=noyau= (noa-yô), _n.m._, stone (of fruit); nucleus; core (of statues, of

casts); (metal.) core; noyau (cordial). _— de pêche_; stone of a peach.

_Fruits à —_; stone-fruit.

=noyé=, =-e= (noa-yé), _part._ and _n._, drowned, drowning; a drowned

person.

=noyer= (noa-yé), _n.m._, walnut-tree.

=noyer= (noa-yé), _v.a._, to drown; to put under water, to swamp, to

ruin, to overwhelm; to deluge; (paint.) to mix, to blend, to confuse

(colors); (tech.) to countersink, to let in.

_se_ =noyer= (noa-yé), _v.r._, to be _or_ get drowned, to drown one’s

self; to be plunged (in), to go to ruin. _Se — dans le sang_; to wallow,

to welter in blood. _C’est un homme qui se noie_; his affairs are going

to the bad, _or_ he is on the down-grade.

=noyon= (no-yon; noa-yon; né-yon), _n.m._, scratch, mark (at bowls).

=noyure= (no-yur; noa-yur), _n.f._, countersink (for nails, screws).

=nu=, =-e=, _adj._, naked, bare, uncovered; plain, open, without

disguise, unadorned; destitute. _Il avait la tête —e_, _il était

nu-tête_; he was bareheaded. _Aller nu-pieds_; to go barefoot _or_

barefooted. _Un va-nu-pieds_; a poor destitute wretch. _Observer quelque

chose à l’œil —_; to observe anything with the naked eye. _C’est la

vérité toute —e_; it is the naked truth. _—e propriété_; (jur.) property

without the usufruct of it, reversionary interest. _— propriétaire_;

(jur.) owner without the usufruct of his property. _— comme un ver_;

stark-naked.

=nu=, _n.m._, (paint.) nude, nudity; bare (of a wall). _pl._, (Bibl.)

naked. _À —_; naked, bare, open; next the skin. _Monter un cheval à —_;

to ride a horse barebacked. _Mettre à —_; to lay bare _or_ open; to strip.

=nuage=, _n.m._, cloud; mist; (fig.) darkness; gloom, shadow, sadness,

dejection; dissension, jar, unpleasantness. _Le ciel est couvert de —s_;

the sky is covered with clouds. _Un — de poussière_; a cloud of dust.

=nuageu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, cloudy, clouded. _Un ciel —_; a cloudy sky.

=nuaison=, _n.f._, (nav.) continuance of a steady set breeze.

=nuance=, _n.f._, shade, hue, tint, cast; difference, distinction;

gradation, degree.

=nuancer=, _v.a._, to shade, to variegate, to tint, to blend. _— des

couleurs_; to shade colors. _Se —_; _v.r._, to be variegated, or shaded.

=nubécule=, _n.f._, (med.) nubecula.

=nubile=, _adj._, marriageable, nubile.

=nubilité=, _n.f._, nubility, marriageable age.

=nudité=, _n.f._, nudity, nakedness.

=nue=, _n.f._, cloud. _pl._, skies. _Elever jusqu’aux —s_; to extol to

the skies. _Se perdre dans les —s_; to lose one’s self in the clouds.

_Sauter aux —_; to jump to the ceiling; to go wild with joy. _Tomber des

—s_; to fall from the clouds, (fig.) to be amazed.

=nuée=, _n.f._, cloud; storm; swarm, host, multitude, flock, shower,

flight. _Une — de barbares_; a swarm of barbarians. _Une — de traits_; a

shower of darts.

=nuement=. _V._ =nûment=.

=nuer=, _v.a._ _V._ =nuancer=.

=nuire= (nuisant, nui), _v.n._, to hurt, to prejudice, to do hurt, to

harm, to stand in the way of, to annoy, to wrong; to spoil, to hinder, to

be prejudicial to. _Il cherche à me —_; he seeks to do me harm. _Le froid

nuit à la santé_; cold is hurtful to health. _Ne pas —_; not to harm; not

to hurt; to be harmless; to be of use; to help, to assist.

_se_ =nuire=, _v.r._, to hurt, to injure, one’s self; to hurt, to injure,

each other.

=nuisible=, _adj._, hurtful, detrimental, prejudicial, injurious, noxious.

=nuit=, _n.f._, night, night-time; darkness. _Bonnet de —_; night-cap. _À

la — tombante_; or _à la tombée de la —_; at nightfall, at dusk. _Passer

la —_; to spend the night, to sit up all night. _— close_; nightfall. _—

blanche_; sleepless night. _— noire_; pitch-dark. _L’astre des —s_; the

orb of night. _Il fait —_; it is night, dark. _Il se fait —_; night is

coming on. _La — de l’ignorance_; the darkness of ignorance. _De —_; by

night, in the night-time, nightly. _Effet de —_; (paint.) night piece.

_Faites une bonne —_; sleep well. _La — porte conseil_; seek advice of

your pillow; sleep upon it.

=nuitamment= (-ta-mān), _adv._, by night, in the night, nightly.

=nuitée=, _n.f._, night’s lodging; night’s work; whole night.

=nul=, =-le=, _pron._, no one, not any, nobody, not one. _— n’ose en

approcher_; nobody dares come near him, or it.

=nul=, =-le=, _adj._, no, not any; void, of no force, null, invalid.

_—le part_; nowhere. _Sans — égard_; without any regard. _Rendre —_; to

nullify. _C’est un homme —_; he is a mere cipher.

=nulle=, _n.f._, null; (cryptography) graphic sign that is meaningless,

superfluous.

=nullement= (nul-mān), _adv._, not at all, by no means.

=nullifier= (nul-li-fié), _v.a._, to nullify.

=nullité= (nul-li-té), _n.f._, nullity, incapacity; (jur.) flaw. _La —

d’un acte_; the nullity of a deed. _Cet homme est d’une parfaite —_; that

man is a perfect cipher.

=numéraire=, _n.m._ and _adj._, metallic currency, specie, cash; legal

(of coin). _Valeur —_; legal value, legal tender.

=numéral=, =-e=, _adj._, numeral.

=numérateur=, _n.m._, (arith.) numerator.

=numération=, _n.f._, (arith.) numeration.

=numérique=, _adj._, numerical.

=numériquement= (-rik-mān), _adv._, numerically.

=numéro=, _n.m._, number; (com.) size; sort, kind, quality. _Donnez-moi

le — de sa maison_; give me the number of his house. _Voyez le — cinq_;

see number five. _Il entend le —_; (pop.) he understands his business.

=numérotage=, _n.m._, numbering.

=numéroter=, _v.a._, to number.

=numismate=, _n.m._, numismatist.

=numismatique=, _adj._, numismatic.

=numismatique=, _n.f._, numismatics.

=numismatographie=, _n.f._, numismatography.

=nummulaire=, _n.f._, (bot.) moneywort.

=nummulite=, _n.f._, nummulite.

=nuncupatif=, _adj.m._, nuncupatory, nuncupative. _Testament —_;

nuncupative will.

=nuptial=, =-e=, _adj._, nuptial, bridal.

=nuque=, _n.f._, nape (of the neck); poll (of horses).

=nutation=, _n.f._, (astron., bot.) nutation.

=nutriti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, nutritive, nutritions, nourishing.

=nutrition=, _n.f._, nutrition.

=nyctage du Pérou=, _n.f._, (bot.) marvel of Peru, mirabilis.

=nyctalope=, _n.m.f._, nyctalops.

=nyctalopie=, _n.f._, nyctalopia, nyctalopy.

=nymphe=, _n.f._, nymph; (ent.) nymph, grub. _pl._, (anat.) nymphæ.

=nymphéa=, _n.m._, (bot.) nenuphar, white water-lily.

=nymphéacées=, _n.f.pl._, (bot.) nymphæaceæ.

=nymphée=, _n.f._ or _m._, (antiq.) nymphæum.

=nymphomanie=, _n.f._, nymphomania.

=nyssa=, _n.m._, tupelo, sour-gum-tree.

O

=o=, _n.m._, the fifteenth letter of the alphabet, o.

=o.= (ab. of Ouest), W., West.

=o!= _int._, O! oh! _Les — de Noël_; Christmas anthems.

=oasis= (o-a-zîs), _n.f._, oasis.

=obclavé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) obovate.

=obconique=, _adj._, (bot.) obconic, obconical.

=obcordé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) obcordate.

=obédience=, _n.f._, (theol.) permission to leave one convent for

another; functions (in a convent); jurisdiction (of the pope); (Bibl.)

obedience.

=obédiencier=, _n.m._, priest doing duty in another’s benefice,

obedienciary.

=obédientiel=, =-le= (-ci-èl), _adj._, (ecc.) pertaining, relating to

obedience; (Bibl.) obediential.

=obéir=, _v.n._, to obey, to comply with, to be obedient; to bend, to

yield, to give way, to submit. _Pour — à_; in obedience to. _Il faut lui

—_; he must be obeyed. _Se faire —_; to make one’s self obeyed.

=obéissance=, _n.f._, obedience, allegiance; dominion (of princes).

_Prêter — à un prince_; to yield dominion to a prince. _Être sous l’— de

père et mère_; to be under the legal authority of parents. _Être d’une

grande —_; to be very obedient.

=obéissant=, =-e=, _adj._, obedient, docile, dutiful, submissive; pliant,

obsequious.

=obélisque=, _n.m._, obelisk.

=obérer=, _v.a._, to encumber, to run into debt. _C’est un homme fort

obéré_; he is greatly in debt.

_s’_=obérer=, _v.r._, to involve one’s self in debt, to become involved.

=obèse=, _adj._, obese, corpulent.

=obésité=, _n.f._, obesity, corpulence.

=obier=, _n.m._, guelder-rose.

=obit= (o-bit), _n.m._, (c.rel.) obit.

=obituaire=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (c.rel.) obituary.

=objecter=, _v.a._, to object, to raise as an objection (to), to reproach

(with); to allege (against); to demur (to). _Vous m’objecterez que c’est

bien connu_; you will say to me that it is a well-known thing.

=objecti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, objective.

=objectif=, _n.m._, (opt.) object-glass; (philos., milit.) object,

objective; aim, end.

=objection=, _n.f._, objection. _Aller au-devant d’une —_; to meet an

objection. _Je ne vois pas d’objection à ce que cela se fasse_; I see no

objection to its being done.

=objectivement=, _adv._, objectively.

=objectivité=, _n.f._, objectivity.

=objet=, _n.m._, object, subject, matter, business; aim, end, view,

drift, purport; article. _pl._, goods. _Un — de risée_; a laughing-stock.

_Être l’— de la conversation_; to be the subject of conversation. _Il

n’a pour — que son intérêt_; his only aim is self-interest. _Il vend

toutes sortes d’—s_; he deals in all sorts of articles. _—s de première

nécessité_; articles of indispensable use.

=objurgation=, _n.f._, objurgation.

=objurgatoire=, _adj._, objurgatory.

=oblat=, _n.m._, ☉lay monk.

=oblation=, _n.f._, oblation, offering.

=obligataire=, _n.m._, (com., fin.) bond-holder, debenture-holder.

=obligation=, _n.f._, obligation; (com., fin., jur.) bond, debenture,

preference share. _Remplir ses —s_; to fulfill one’s obligations. _Vous

êtes dans l’— de lui répondre_; you are bound to answer him. _Être dans

l’— de_; to be under an obligation to. _Porteur d’—_; (com.) bond-holder,

debenture holder.

=obligatoire=, _adj._, obligatory, incumbent.

=obligatoirement= (-tôar-mān), _adv._, obligatorily, compulsorily.

=obligé=, _n.m._, indentures (of apprenticeship).

=obligé=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, (jur.) obligor, debtor.

=obligé=, =-e=, _part._, obliged, compelled, bound; necessary, usual. _Je

suis — de sortir_; I am obliged to go out.

=obligeamment= (-ja-mān), _adv._, obligingly.

=obligeance= (-jans), _n.f._, kindness, obligingness.

=obligeant=, =-e=, _adj._, obliging, kind.

=obliger=, _v.a._, to oblige, to bind; to compel, to induce; to gratify.

_Votre devoir vous y oblige_; you are bound in duty to do it. _— un

apprenti_; to bind an apprentice.

_s’_=obliger=, _v.r._, to bind one’s self.

=obliger=, _v.n._, to impose obligations; to oblige, to favor.

=oblique=, _adj._, oblique, slanting; (fig.) indirect, unfair. _Pont —_;

oblique-bridge, skew-bridge.

=obliquement= (o-blik-mān), _adv._, obliquely, crookedly, indirectly,

unfairly, aslant.

=obliquer=, _v.n._, to walk in an oblique direction, to slant, to swerve,

to turn (to).

=obliquité=, _n.f._, obliquity; obliqueness; slant; unfairness.

=oblitération=, _n.f._, obliteration.

=oblitérer=, _v.a._, to obliterate.

_s’_=oblitérer=, _v.r._, to become obliterated; (l.u.) to fall into

disuse, to disappear.

=oblong=, =-ue=, _adj._, oblong.

=obole=, _n.f._, obole; (fig.) groat, farthing, stiver; mite, particle.

_N’avoir pas une —_; not to be worth a stiver.

=obombrer=, _v.a._, (Bibl.) to overshadow.

=obreptice=, _adj._, obreptitious.

=obrepticement= (-tis-mān), _adv._, by concealing the truth,

obreptitiously.

=obreption=, _n.f._, concealment of the truth, reticence, obreption.

=obscène=, _adj._, obscene.

=obscénité=, _n.f._, obscenity, obsceneness.

=obscur=, =-e=, _adj._, obscure, dark, black, gloomy, sombre; (fig.)

mean, humble, mysterious. _Il fait —_; it is dark. _Naissance —e_; mean

birth. _Couleur —e_; dark color. _Clair-—_, (_—s-—s_) (paint.) light and

shade.

=obscurantisme=, _n.m._, obscurantism.

=obscurantiste=, _n.m._, anti-educationist.

=obscurcir=, _v.a._, to obscure, to darken, to dim, to sully, to tarnish,

to throw into the shade. _— la vue_; to dim the sight.

_s’_=obscurcir=, _v.r._, to become obscure, dark; to grow dim. _Le soleil

s’obscurcit_; the sun is hidden. _Le ciel s’obscurcit_; the sky is

overcast. _Son esprit s’obscurcit_; his intellect _or_ mind is becoming

clouded.

=obscurcissement= (-sis-mān), _n.m._, obscuration, darkness, dimness.

=obscurément=, _adv._, obscurely, confusedly, dimly.

=obscurité=, _n.f._, obscurity, gloom, darkness; (fig.) humbleness,

meanness, mysteriousness. _À travers l’— de la nuit_; through the

darkness of the night.

=obsécration=, _n.f._, (rhet.) obsecration.

=obséder=, _v.a._, to beset; to importune, to possess (of evil spirits);

to torment, to haunt.

=obsèques= (ob-sèk-), _n.f.pl._, obsequies, funeral.

=obséquieusement=, _adv._, obsequiously.

=obséquieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, obsequious.

=obséquiosité=, _n.f._, obsequiousness.

=observable=, _adj._, observable.

=observance=, _n.f._, observance.

=observantin=, _n.m._, Observant Franciscan.

=observat-eur=, =-rice=, _n._ and _adj._, observer; observant, observing,

spy, looker-on. _Un esprit —_; an observing mind.

=observation=, _n.f._, observance; observation, remark, hint; (fig.)

fulfillment, accomplishment. _Être en —_; to be on the look-out.

=observatoire=, _n.m._, observatory.

=observer=, _v.a._, to observe, to mind, to notice; to point out (to); to

watch, to keep a watch over; to practice, to fulfill, to perform. _— les

lois_; to observe the laws. _Lui avez-vous fait — que?_ did you point out

to him that? _Faire —_; to remind, to call a person’s attention to.

_s’_=observer=, _v.r._, to be circumspect, to be cautious, to look about

one’s self; to eye one another; to be on one’s guard; to keep a check

upon one’s self.

=obsesseur=, _adj._, besetting.

=obsession=, _n.f._, besetting, obsession; being possessed of.

=obsidiane= _or_ =obsidienne=, _n.f._, (min.) obsidian (volcanic glass).

=obsidional=, =-e=, _adj._, obsidional. _Couronne —e_; obsidional crown.

=obstacle=, _n.m._, obstacle, bar, hindrance, impediment, obstruction,

check, drawback. _Lever un —_; to remove an impediment. _Rencontrer un

—_; to meet with an obstacle. _Faire naître un —_; to raise an obstacle.

=obstétrical=, =-e=, _adj._, obstetric, obstetrical.

=obstétrique=, _n.f._, obstetrics.

=obstination=, _n.f._, obstinacy, pertinacity, stubbornness, willfulness.

=obstiné=, =-e=, _adj._, obstinate; self-willed; stubborn; determined.

=obstinément=, _adv._, obstinately, stubbornly, willfully.

=obstiner=, _v.a._, to make obstinate.

_s’_=obstiner=, _v.r._, to be obstinate, to be obstinately resolved

(upon), to insist (on), to persist (in). _S’— à une chose_; to persist in

a thing. _Il s’obstine dans son opinion_; he clings to his opinion.

=obstructi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, obstructive, obstruent.

=obstruction=, _n.f._, obstruction, stoppage.

=obstrué=, =-e=, _adj._, obstructed, stopped.

=obstruer=, _v.a._, to obstruct, to stop up; to block up, to bar. _S’—_;

to become obstructed, knocked up.

=obtempérer=, _v.n._, (jur.) to obey; to submit (to), to comply (with),

to fall in (with). _— à un ordre_; to obey an order.

=obtenir=, _v.a._, to obtain, to procure, to get, to gain. _—

satisfaction d’un outrage_; to obtain satisfaction for an insult. _Faire

—_; to get, to procure for (anybody).

_s’_=obtenir=, _v.r._, to be obtained or obtainable.

=obtention=, _n.f._, obtaining, obtainment, getting; (jur.) purchase.

=obturateur=, _n.m._, (anat.) obturator; lid, cover.

=obturat-eur=, =-rice=, _adj._, (anat.) obturator; obturating; covering,

stopping; pubic (artery).

=obturation=, _n.f._, (surg.) covering, stopping.

=obtus=, =-e=, _adj._, obtuse, dull, blunt. _Angle —_; obtuse angle.

_Esprit —_; dull, heavy mind.

=obtusangle=, _adj._, obtuse-angular.

=obtusangulé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) obtuse-angled.

=obus= (o-buz), _n.m._, (artil.) shell.

=obusier=, _n.m._, (artil.) howitzer.

=obvenir=, _v.n._, (jur.) to escheat.

=obvention=, _n.f._, (ecc.) obvention.

=obvers= _or_ =obverse=, _n.m._, obverse.

=obvier=, _v.n._, to obviate, to prevent, to hinder. _— à un

inconvénient_; to prevent an inconvenience.

=oc=, _adv._, (in Old Provençal) yes. _Langue d’—_; langue d’oc (the

language south of the Loire).

=oca=, _n.m._, (bot.) oca.

=occase=, _adj._, (astron.) occasive (_i.e._ westerly).

=occasion=, _n.f._, opportunity, occasion; cause, reason, behalf, sake;

bargain, job-lot, second-hand. _Il faut attendre l’—_; one must bide

one’s time. _Profiter d’une —_; to take advantage of, to improve, an

opportunity. _En toute —_; on all occasions. _Dans l’—_; as occasion

offers, when occasion serves. _Par —_; occasionally; accidentally. _Je

vous l’enverrai par —_; I shall send it you by private hand. _À votre

—_; for your sake. _D’—_; accidentally; second-hand. _Marchandise d’—_;

second-hand goods, job-lot.

=occasionnel=, =-le=, _adj._, occasional.

=occasionnellement= (-nèl-mān), _adv._, occasionally.

=occasionner=, _v.a._, to occasion, to bring on, to cause, to produce.

=occident=, _n.m._, West. _D’—_; western.

=occidental=, =-e=, _adj._, occidental, western, westerly. _Les Indes

—es_; the West Indies.

=occidentaux=, _n.m.pl._, natives, inhabitants, of the western countries.

=occipital=, =-e=, _adj._, occipital.

=occiput= (-put), _n.m._, occiput.

☉=occire=, _v.a._, to slay, to kill, to do for.

☉=occis=, _part._, killed, slain, done for.

☉=occiseur=, _n.m._, murderer, killer, slayer.

☉=occision=, _n.f._, killing; slaughter.

=occlusion=, _n.f._, (med.) closing, shutting up.

=occultation=, _n.f._, (astron.) occultation.

=occulte=, _adj._, occult, hidden, secret.

=occupant=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, occupant, possessor; occupier;

occupying, engrossing, taking up; (jur.) concerned (as attorney).

=occupation=, _n.f._, occupation, business, employment, work. _Donner de

l’— à quelqu’un_; to cut out work for any one.

=occupé=, =-e=, _adj._, busy, occupied, engaged.

=occuper=, _v.a._, to occupy, to employ; to take up, to fill; to inhabit.

_— une maison_; to occupy a house. _— la place de quelqu’un_; to be in

any one’s place. _Il faut — les jeunes gens_; youth must have occupation.

_s’_=occuper= =à= (habitual) _or_ =de= (particular), _v.r._, to occupy

one’s self; to be busy, to apply one’s self, to attend to, to trouble

one’s self about. _S’— à lire_; to be busy reading. _Je m’occupe de votre

affaire_; I am looking after _or_ attending to your business.

=occuper=, _v.n._, (jur.) to be concerned as attorney, to appear; to

plead.

=occurrence= (o-kur-rans), _n.f._, occurrence, emergency.

=occurrent=, =-e=, _adj._, (l.u.) occurring, occurrent.

=océan=, _n.m._, ocean; the high seas.

=océanide=, _n.f._, (myth.) Oceanide, nymph of the Sea, daughter of the

Ocean.

=océanique=, _adj._, oceanic.

=ocelle=, _n.m._, ocellus.

=ocellé=, =-e=, _adj._, ocellated.

=ochlocratie= (o-klo-cra-ci), _n.f._, ochlocracy.

☉=ochre=, _n.f._ _V._ =ocre=.

=ocre=, _n.f._, ochre.

=ocreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, ochry, ochreous.

=octaèdre=, _n.m._, (geom.) octahedron.

=octaédrique=, _adj._, (geom.) octahedral.

=octandre=, _adj._, (bot.) octandrian, octandrous.

=octandrie=, _n.f._, (bot.) octandria.

=octant=, _n.m._, octant; quadrant.

☉=octante=, _adj._, eighty, fourscore.

☉=octantième= (-tièm), _adj._, eightieth.

=octarchie= (-shi), _n.f._, octarchy.

=octave=, _n.f._, octave; eight.

=octavin=, _n.m._, octave-flute.

=octavo=, _adv._, eighthly. _V._ =in-octavo=.

=octavon=, _n.m._, =-ne=, _n.f._, octoroon, mustee, person one-eighth

black.

=octidi=, _n.m._, octidi, eighth day of the decade in the calendar of the

first French republic.

=octil=, _adj.m._, (astron.) octile.

=octobre=, _n.m._, October.

=octogénaire=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, octogenary, octogenarian.

=octogone=, _n.m._ and _adj._, octagon; octagonal.

=octostyle=, _adj._, octostyle.

=octroi=, _n.m._, grant; concession; town-dues, toll, duty; octroi,

toll-house _or_ office.

=octroyer=, _v.a._, to grant, to concede.

=octuple=, _adj._, eightfold, octuple.

=octupler=, _v.a._, (l.u.) to increase eightfold.

=oculaire=, _adj._, ocular. _Témoin —_; eye-witness. _Verre —_; eye-glass.

=oculaire=, _n.m._, (opt.) eye-glass, eye-piece, eye-end.

=oculairement= (-lèr-mān), _adv._, ocularly.

=oculiste=, _n.m._, oculist.

=odalisque=, _n.f._, odalisk, odalisque.

=ode=, _n.f._, ode.

=odelette=, _n.f._, (poet.) odelet.

=odéon= _or_ =odéum=, _n.m._, Odéon (name of a theatre in Paris).

=odeur=, _n.f._, odor, smell, scent, fragrancy, perfume. _N’être pas en

— de sainteté auprès de quelqu’un_; not to be in the good graces of any

one. _En — de sainteté_; in the Lord; in favor.

=odieusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, odiously, hatefully.

=odieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, odious, hateful, loathsome, invidious. _Se

rendre —_; to make one’s self odious.

=odieux=, _n.m._, odium, hatefulness, invidiousness. _L’— de la chose_;

the hateful part of the business.

=odomètre=, _n.m._, odometer, pedometer. _V._ =pédomètre=.

=odontalgie=, _n.f._, odontalgia, toothache, odontalgy.

=ondontalgique=, _n.m._ and _adj._, odontalgic.

=odontoïde=, _adj._, (anat.) odontoid.

=odontologie=, _n.f._, (anat.) odontology.

=odorant=, =-e=, _adj._, odoriferous, fragrant, sweet-smelling.

=odorat=, _n.m._, smell; smelling; sense of smell.

=odoriférant=, =-e=, _adj._, odoriferous, fragrant, sweet-scented _or_

smelling.

=odyssée=, _n.f._, Odyssey.

=œcuménicité=, _n.f._, œcumenicity.

=œcuménique=, _adj._, œcumenical.

=œcuméniquement=, _adv._, œcumenically.

=œdémateu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, œdematous.

=œdème=, _n.m._, (med.) œdema.

=œdipe=, _n.m._, riddle-solver.

=œgagre= (égagr), _n.m._, wild goat.

*=œil= (eu-ye), _n.m._, (_yeux_) eye, look; bud; luster, gloss; (bot.)

ox-eye, daisy; hole (in bread, cheese); (print.) face; bubble (of soup);

luster (of precious stones); eye (of a needle). _Clin d’—_; twinkle. _En

un clin d’—_; in the twinkling of an eye. _Un beau coup d’—_; a fine

prospect _or_ view _or_ spectacle. _Le premier coup d’—_; the first

glance _or_ sight of. _D’un coup d’—_; at a glance. _Avoir mal aux yeux_;

to have sore eyes. _Regarder quelqu’un du coin de l’—_; to glance at,

to ogle, to leer. _Regarder quelqu’un entre les deux yeux_; to look any

one full in the face. _Entre quatre yeux_; in private, between ourselves.

_Ouvrir de grands yeux_; to stare, to stare with one’s eyes wide open.

_Avoir l’— à quelque chose_; to have an eye upon anything, to mind, to

attend to. _Avoir l’— sur_; to watch any one, to see to anything. _Suivre

de l’—_; to follow with the eye, to watch. _Le soleil me donne dans les

yeux_; the sun dazzles my eyes. _La lumière me tire les yeux_; the light

hurts my eyes. _Cela lui blesse les yeux_; that is an eyesore to him.

_À vue d’—_; visibly. _Donner dans l’— à quelqu’un_; to take any one’s

fancy. _Avoir le compas dans l’—_; to have a good eye for distances.

_Avoir le coup d’—_; to have a carpenter’s eye. _Faire les yeux doux_;

to look lovingly (at), to cast loving glances (at). _Dévorer quelqu’un

des yeux_; to look any one through and through. _S’en battre l’—_; not

to care a rap about. _Couver des yeux_; to look lovingly (on). _Dévorer

une chose des yeux_; to look upon a thing with greedy eyes. _Cela saute

aux yeux_; it is obvious; it is as clear as noonday. _Avoir un bandeau

sur les yeux_; to be blindfolded. _Pour vos beaux yeux_; for your pretty

face _or_ for nothing. _Je lui ai poché l’—_; I gave him a black eye. _Il

a de bons yeux_; he is sharp-sighted. _Il n’a des yeux que pour elle_;

he sees nothing but her. _Fermer les yeux sur quelque chose_; to connive

at, to wink at anything. _Se mettre le doigt dans l’—_; to delude _or_

flatter one’s self. _N’avoir pas froid aux yeux_; not to funk; not to

stick at trifles; not to be afraid of one’s shadow. _Mais! votre chapeau

vous crève les yeux_; why, your hat is staring you in the face. _Avoir

les yeux battus_; to have a tired look about the eyes. _Avoir les yeux

cernés_; to have dark circles round the eyes. _Des yeux à fleur de tête_;

goggle-eyes. _Voir de bon —_; to look favorably (on). _Voir de mauvais

—_; to look unfavorably (on).

=œil-de-bœuf=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) bull’s eye; round or oval window; ☉a

waiting-room in the royal palace at Versailles.

=œil-de-chat=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) (min.) cat’s-eye.

=œil-de-perdrix=, _n.m._, (_yeux-—_) soft corn (on the foot).

=œil-de-serpent=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) (min.) serpentine-stone.

=œil-d’or=, _n.m._, (_—s-—_) (ich.) gold-finny.

*=œillade=, _n.f._, glance, ogle, sheep’s eye. _Jeter des —s_; to cast

glances (at), to ogle.

=œillère=, _adj.f._, of the eye. _Dent —_; canine tooth.

*=œillère=, _n.f._, eye-flap, blinker (of a horse); canine tooth.

*=œillet=, _n.m._, (bot.) carnation, pink; (nav.) eye; eyelet;

eyelet-hole. _— de poète_; sweet william.

*=œilleton=, _n.m._, (hort.) offset; layer.

*=œillette=, _n.f._, field-poppy.

=œnanthe=, _n.f._, (bot.) watery drop-wort.

=œnologie=, _n.f._, wine-making.

=œnomancie=, _n.f._, (antiq.) œnomancy (divination by wine).

=œnomètre=, _n.m._, œnometer (to ascertain the strength of wine).

=œnophile=, _n.m._, œnophilist. _Société —_; wine company.

=œnophore=, _n.m._, (antiq.) wine vessel, goblet.

=œsophage=, _n.m._, œsophagus, gullet.

=œsophagien=, =-ne= (-in, -é-n), _adj._, pertaining to the œsophagus.

=œstre=, _n.m._, (ent.) œstrus, gad-fly.

=œuf= (euf), _n.m._, (_œufs_) (eû) egg. _pl._, roe (of a fish). _—s

pochés_; poached eggs. _—s à la coque_; boiled eggs. _—s brouillés_;

buttered eggs. _— couvi_; addled egg. _— frais_; new-laid egg. _—s sur

le plat_, _—s au miroir_; fried eggs. _Plein comme un —_; as full as an

egg. _Il tondrait sur un —_; he would skin a flint. _Mettre tous ses —s

dans un panier_; to risk all in one enterprise. _Donner un — pour avoir

un bœuf_, to give a sprat to catch a herring. _Faire d’un — un bœuf_; to

make mountains out of mole-hills.

=œuvé=, =-e=, _adj._, hard-roed (of fish).

=œuvre=, _n.f._, work, piece of work; works (of an author); production,

performance; deed, act; bezel, setting (of a stone); church-wardens’ pew;

fabric (fund appropriated for the repairs of a church). _— de piété_, _—

de charité_; act of piety, of charity. _—s pies_; pious works. _Une — de

génie_; a work of genius. _La fin couronne l’—_; all’s well that ends

well. _À l’ — on connaît l’ouvrier_; the workman is known by his work.

_À bon jour, bonne —_; the better the day, the better the deed. _Maître

des hautes —s_; hangman. _Maître des basses —s_; nightman. _Mettre en —_;

to make use of, to work up, to bring to bear; to set (jewelry). _Mettre

tout en —_; to leave no stone unturned. _—s inédites_; unpublished works.

_—s posthumes_; posthumous works. _—s mêlées_; miscellaneous works,

miscellanea.

=œuvre=, _n.m._, work; (arch.) clear; works of musicians and engravers;

performance; (metal.) argentiferous lead. _Gros —_; outer wall.

_Travailler au grand —_; to seek the philosopher’s stone. _Dans —_;

(arch.) apart, inside; clear, in the clear. _Hors d’—_; (arch.) from out

to out. _Sous —_; (mas.) underpinning. _À pied d’—_; at hand, in the

neighborhood, near.

=œuvrer=, _v.a._, to work.

=offensant=, =-e=, _adj._, offensive, obnoxious, abusive.

=offense=, _n.f._, offense, affront, insult, injury, wrong; (jur.)

contempt, transgression, trespass. _Demander réparation d’une —_; to

demand satisfaction for an offense. _Pardonner les —s_; to forgive

offenses. _Expier une —_; to atone for an offense.

=offensé=, _n.m._, offended party.

=offenser=, _v.a._, to offend, to give offense; to hurt, to injure,

to insult, to abuse, to shock; to be offensive to, to offend against.

_Le coup lui a offensé le cerveau_; the blow hurt his brain. _— la

délicatesse_; to offend against delicacy.

_s’_=offenser=, _v.r._, to be offended, to take exception (to), to take

offense (at).

=offenseur=, _n.m._, offender.

=offensi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, offensive (attack).

=offensive=, _n.f._, offensive.

=offensivement= (-siv-mān), _adv._, offensively.

=offerte=, _n.f._, or offertoire, _n.m._, (c.rel.) offertory.

=office=, _n.m._, office; duty; employment, functions; service, turn;

worship. _D’—_; officially, ex-officio. _Avocat nommé d’—_; counsel

appointed by the judge. _Faire quelque chose d’—_; to do a thing of

one’s own accord. _C’est un — d’ami que vous lui avez rendu_; it is a

friendly turn you have done him. _Rendre un mauvais — à quelqu’un_; to

do any one an ill-turn. _L’— divin_; divine service, church-time. _Livre

d’—_; prayer-book. _Exercer un —_; to hold an office. _Le saint-—_; the

holy-office, the Inquisition.

=office=, _n.f._, servants’ hall, pantry, larder, steward’s room. _pl._,

dependencies of the kitchen.

=official=, _n.m._, (ecc.) official.

=officialité=, _n.f._, officiality.

=officiant=, _n._ and _adj._ _m._, officiating priest, officiating

clergyman; officiating.

=officiante=, _n.f._, officiating nun.

=officiel=, =-le=, _adj._, official.

=officiellement= (-èl-mān), _adv._, officially.

=officier=, _v.n._, to officiate; to play one’s part; to do one’s duty at

table, to eat heartily.

=officier=, _n.m._, officer; butler, steward. _— de marine_; naval

officer. _— général_; general officer, (nav.) flag-officer. _—

d’état-major_; staff-officer. _— supérieur_; field-officer. _— de

compagnie_; regimental officer. _— de justice_; law-officer. _— de

port_; harbor-master. _— de santé_; medical officer; surgeon. _Sous-—_;

non-commissioned officer. _—s de la bouche_; king’s cooks. _—s du

gobelet_; king’s butlers.

=officieusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, officiously, obligingly.

=officieuseté=, _n.f._, officiousness.

=officieu-x=, =-se=, _n._ and _adj._, busy-body; officious, obliging.

=officinal=, =-e=, _adj._, (pharm.) officinal.

=officine=, _n.f._, an apothecary’s laboratory.

=offrande=, _n.f._, offering, present.

=offrant=, _adj.m._, bidding. _Au plus — et dernier enchérisseur_; to the

highest and last bidder.

=offrant=, _n.m._, bidder.

=offre=, _n.f._, offer, tender, proposal.

=offrir= (offrant, offert), _v.a._, to offer, to propose, to tender; to

present; to afford, to give, to yield; to bid. _— un présent_; to offer a

present.

_s’_=offrir=, _v.r._, to offer, to propose one’s self; to offer. _Si

l’occasion s’offre_; if occasion offers.

=offuscation=, _n.f._, (astron.) obfuscation (of the sun’s rays).

=offusquer=, _v.a._, to obscure, to darken, to eclipse, to cloud; to

dazzle, to blind; to offend. _Le soleil m’offusque les yeux_; the sun

dazzles my eyes. _Cet artiste a un rival qui l’offusque_; that artist has

a rival who stands in his light.

_s’_=offusquer=, _v.r._, to become darkened; (fig.) to take offense.

=ogival=, =-e=, _adj._, (arch.) pointed.

=ogive=, _n.f._, ogive, pointed arch. _En —_; ogival, pointed.

*=ognon=, _n.m._ _V._ =oignon=.

*=ognonnet=, _n.m._ _V._ =oignonnet=.

*=ognonnière=, _n.f._ _V._ =oignonnière=.

=ogre=, _n.m._, ogre. _Il mange comme un —_; he eats like a wolf.

=ogresse=, _n.f._, ogress.

=oh!= _int._, O! ho!

=oïdium=, _n.m._, (n.p.) (agri.) oidium, vine-mildew.

=oie=, _n.f._, (orni.) goose; simpleton, ninny. _Plume d’—_; goose-quill.

_— de mer_; merganser. _Contes de ma mère l’—_; tales of Mother Goose,

fairy tales. _Jeu de l’—_; game of goose. _Patte d’—_; goose-foot; (fig.)

crow’s foot, cross- (of roads).

*=oignon=, _n.m._, onion; bulb, bulbous root; bunion; turnip (watch).

_Regretter les —s d’Egypte_; to sigh for _or_ hanker after the flesh-pots

of Egypt. _Chapelet d’—s_; ropeway of onions. _Un — de tulipe_; a tulip

bulb. _Être en rang d’—_; to be all in a row, in a file. _Se mettre en

rang d’—_; to take one’s place in a row.

*=oignonet=, _n.m._, ognonet (summer pear).

*=oignonière=, _n.f._, onion-bed.

=oïl=, _adv._, (old French) yes. _Langue d’—_; language spoken north of

the Loire.

☉*=oille= (o-ye), _n.f._, (cook.) olio.

=oindre= (oignant, oint), _v.a._, to anoint. _Oignez vilain, il vous

poindra, poignez vilain, il vous oindra_ (_i.e._ if not oppressed, the

churls will become oppressors).

=oing= (oin), _n.m._, hog’s-grease, cart-grease. _Vieux —_; cart-grease,

axle-grease.

=oint=, _n.m._, anointed. _L’— du Seigneur_; the Lord’s anointed.

=oiseau=, _n.m._, bird; creature (pers.); (mas.) fellow, chap, bird,

fish, hod. _— de proie_; bird of prey. _Tirer aux —x_; to go out fowling.

_— moqueur_; mocking-bird. _Chasse aux —x_; bird-shooting. _Plan à

vue d’—_; bird’s-eye view. _Il est comme l’—_ sur la branche; he is

unsettled; he is always on the move. _La belle cage ne nourrit pas l’—_;

a fine cage does not fill a bird’s belly. _Petit à petit l’— fait son

nid_; little strokes fell great oaks. _Il a battu les buissons, un autre

a pris l’—_; he did the work, another stole the profits. _À tout — son

nid est beau_; home is home, be it ever so homely. _À vol d’—_; as the

crow flies, in a straight line. _— mouche_, (_—x —s_) humming-bird. _—

trompette_; (orni.) trumpeter. _—x de passage_; birds of passage. _—x de

basse-cour_; fowls, poultry. _—x voyageurs_; migratory birds.

=oiseler= (oa-zlé), _v.a._, (hawking) to train a bird.

=oiseler=, _v.n._, to catch birds.

=oiselet=, _n.m._, little bird.

=oiseleur= (oa-zleur), _n.m._, bird-catcher.

=oiselier=, _n.m._, bird-seller, dealer in birds.

=oisellerie= (oa-zèl-rî), _n.f._, bird-catching; bird-trade.

=oiseu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, indolent, idle, useless, trifling. _Mener une

vie —se_; to live in idleness. _Paroles —ses_; idle words.

=oisi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, idle, unoccupied; uninvested, lying dead (of

money).

=oisif=, _n.m._, idler.

*=oisillon=, _n.m._, young bird, fledgling.

=oisivement= (oa-ziv-mān), _adv._, idly.

=oisiveté= (oa-ziv-té), _n.f._, idleness, indolence, ease; sloth.

_Croupir dans l’—_; to be steeped, _or_ to wallow, in indolence.

=oison=, _n.m._, gosling; ninny, simpleton.

=oléagineu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, oleaginous, oily.

=oléandre=, _n.m._, (bot.) oleander, rose-bay.

=oléifère=, _adj._, oil-bearing, oleiferous.

=oléine=, _n.f._, (chem.) oleine.

=oléique=, _adj._, (chem.) oleic.

=oléracé=, =-e=, _adj._, oleraceous.

=olfacti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, olfactory.

=oliban=, _n.m._, (pharm.) olibanum.

=olibrius= (-ûs), _n.m._, conceited, obtrusive person.

=oliette=, _n.f._ _V._ =œillette=.

=oligarchie=, _n.f._, oligarchy.

=oligarchique=, _adj._, oligarchical.

=oligarque=, _n.m._, partisan of an oligarchy.

=oligiste=, _adj._, (min.) oligist.

=olim=, _n.m._, (_—_) statute-book.

=olinde=, _n.f._, sword-blade.

=olivaie=, _n.f._, olive-grove.

=olivaire=, _adj._, olivary.

=olivaison=, _n.f._, olive season, crop of olives.

=olivâtre=, _adj._, olivaceous, olive-green.

=olive=, _n.f._, (bot.) olive; (arch.) olive-molding. _Branche_,

_rameau_, _d’—_; olive branch.

=olivète=, _n.f._ (bot.). _V._ =œillette=.

=olivettes=, _n.f.pl._, sort of dance after the olives are gathered.

=olivier=, _n.m._, olive-tree, olive, olive wood.

=ollaire=, _adj.f._, soft (of stones easy to cut). _Pierre —_; potstone.

=olla podrida=, _n.f._, (_—_) olio; olla podrida, hotch-potch.

=ollure=, _n.f._, tanner’s leather apron.

=olographe=, _adj._, holographic, holographical. _Testament —_; will

written in the testator’s own hand. _V._ =holographe=.

=olographe=, _n.m._, holograph.

=olonier=, _n.m._, (bot.) strawberry-tree; cane-apple.

=olympe=, _n.m._, Olympus.

=olympiade=, _n.f._, Olympiad.

=olympien= (-pi-in), =-ne= (-pi-è-n), _adj._, Olympian.

=olympique=, _adj._, Olympic.

=ombelle=, _n.f._, (bot.) umbel, cluster of blossoms.

=ombellé=, =-e= (on-bèl-lé), _adj._, (bot.) umbellar, umbellated,

umbellate.

=ombellifère= (-bèl-li-), _n.f._ and _adj._, (bot.) umbelliferous plant;

umbelliferous.

=ombellule= (on-bèl-lul), _n.f._, (bot.) umbellet, umbellule.

=ombilic=, _n.m._, (anat.) umbilic, umbilicus, navel; (bot.) hilum,

umbilicus.

=ombilical=, =-e=, _adj._, umbilic, umbilical. _Cordon —_; umbilical

cord, navel.

=ombiliqué=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) umbilicate, umbilicated.

=ombrage=, _n.m._, shade, umbrage, suspicion, distrust. _Faire —_; to

overshadow. _Les —s verts_; shade of green foliage. _Donner de l’— à_; to

give umbrage to. _Tout lui porte —_; he takes umbrage at everything.

=ombrager=, _v.a._, to shade; to cover; to hide, to conceal.

=ombrageu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, skittish (of horses); suspicious,

distrustful.

=ombre=, _n.f._, shade; shadow; spirit; background; gloom; pretense.

_S’endormir à l’— d’un arbre_; to sleep under the shade of a tree.

_Se mettre à l’—_; to get into the shade. _L’— suit le corps_; the

shadow follows the body. _Couvrir d’—_; to shade. _Les —s de la nuit_;

the shades of night. _Avoir peur de son —_; to be afraid of one’s own

shadow. _Faire — à quelqu’un_; to eclipse any one, to throw any one into

the shade, to give umbrage to any one. _Mettre à l’—_; to put into the

shade; to shade; (pop.) to give his quietus to any one. _—s chinoises_;

dissolving views. _Couvert d’—_; shady.

=ombre=, _n.m._, (ich.) umbra; ombre (card game). _— de rivière_; red

charr, grayling.

_terre d’_=ombre=, _n.f._, black-ochre, umber.

=ombré=, =-e=, _part._, tinted, shaded.

=ombrelle=, _n.f._, parasol.

=ombrer=, _v.a._, (drawing, paint.) to tint, to shade.

=ombreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, shady, cool.

=ombromètre=, _n.m._, ombrometer, rain-gauge.

=oméga=, _n.m._, omega.

=omelette= (o-mlèt), _n.f._, omelet.

=omettre=, _v.a._, to omit, to leave out, to pass over, to leave undone.

=omission=, _n.f._, omission. _Sauf erreur ou —_; errors excepted.

=omnibus=, _n.m._, omnibus; (pers.) general servant, maid of all work.

=omnipotence=, _n.f._, omnipotence.

=omnipotent=, _adj._, omnipotent.

=omniprésence=, _n.f._, omnipresence, ubiquity.

=omniprésent=, =-e=, _adj._, ubiquitous, omnipresent.

=omniscience=, _n.f._, omniscience.

=omnium= (-om), _n.m._, (fin.) omnium; (turf) consolation stakes.

=omnivore=, _adj._, omnivorous.

=omoplate=, _n.f._, omoplate, scapula, shoulder-blade.

=omphalode=, _n.m._, (bot.) omphalode.

=on=, _pron._, one, they, we, you, people, men, it, somebody. _—

croirait_; one would think. _— dit_; they say; it is said. _— s’imagine_;

people think. _— croit_; it is thought. _— me la dit_; I was told so.

_Que dira-t-on?_ what will people say? _Se moquer du qu’en dira-t-on_;

not to care what people say. _Croire sur un — dit_, _sur des — dit_; to

believe upon hearsay. _Si l’on me croit_; if I am believed.

=onagre=, _n.m._, (mam., antiq.) onager; (bot.) œnothera.

=onanisme=, _n.m._, onanism.

☉=onc=, =onques=, _adv._, never.

=once=, _n.f._, (weight) ounce; (mam.) ounce.

=oncial=, _n.m._, (l.u.). _V._ =onciale=.

=onciale=, _n._ and _adj._ _f._, uncial.

=oncle=, _n.m._, uncle; (pop.) money-lender, usurer. _— à la mode de

Bretagne_; father _or_ mother’s cousin german.

=onction=, _n.f._, unction; anointing; grace, impressiveness. _L’extrême

—_; (c.rel.) extreme unction, last sacrament.

=onctueusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, impressively, unctuously.

=onctueu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, unctuous, oily; impressive, moving. _Une

terre —se_; fat earth. _Un sermon —_; an impressive _or_ moving sermon.

=onctuosité=, _n.f._, unctuousness, oiliness.

=onde=, _n.f._, wave, billow, surge; watering. _L’— amère_; the briny

main. _Passer l’— noire_; to cross the Stygian lake. _Les —s d’un bois

veiné_; the waves of a piece of veined wood.

=ondé=, =-e=, _adj._, undulated, watered, curled, grained.

=ondée=, _n.f._, shower. _Une forte —_; a sharp, tremendous shower; a

downpour.

=ondin=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, water-sprite, Undine.

=ondoiement= (-doa-mān), _n.m._, undulation, swaying motion, private

baptism.

=ondoyant=, =-e=, _adj._, undulating, waving, flowing. _Fumée —e_; waving

smoke. _Vagues —es_; waving, surging, swaying billows.

=ondoyer=, _v.n._, to undulate, to rise in billows, to wave; to surge.

=ondoyer=, _v.a._, to baptize privately.

=ondulant=, _adj._, undulating, waving, flowing.

=ondulation=, _n.f._, undulation; waving.

=ondulatoire=, _adj._, undulatory.

=ondulé=, _adj._, undulate, undulated.

=onduler=, _v.n._, to undulate, to wave, to curl.

=onduleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, undulating, flowing, waving.

=onéraire=, _adj._, (jur.) acting, accountable.

=onéreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, burdensome, onerous, heavy.

=ongle=, _n.m._, nail (of fingers, claws); claw; hoof. _Couper_,

_ronger_, _ses —s_; to cut, to gnaw, one’s nails. _Coup d’—s_; scratch.

_Jusqu’au bout des —s_; to one’s fingers’ ends _or_ tips; every inch.

_Rogner les —s à quelqu’un_; to clip any one’s wings. _Sur l’—_;

perfectly. _Avoir bec et —s_; to be armed; to defend one’s self tooth and

nail.

=onglée=, _n.f._, numbness of the fingers (from cold).

=onglet=, _n.m._, finger-case; (bot.) aiglet; (engr.) graver; (print.)

single leaf cancel. _Assemblage à —_; miter (joinery).

=onglette=, _n.f._, (engr.) flat graver.

=onglon=, _n.m._, hoof (of ruminants); nail (of tortoises).

=onguent= (on-gan), _n.m._, ointment, salve. _Dans les petites boîtes,

les bons —s_; small parcels hold fine wares.

=onguiculé=, =-e= (-gu-i-), _adj._, unguiculate, unguiculated.

=onguiforme= (-gu-i-) _adj._, unguiform.

=ongulé=, =-e=, _adj._, hoofed, ungulate.

=onirocritie= (-cri-ci) _or_ =onirocritique=, _n.f._, interpretation of

dreams, oneiroscopy.

=oniromance= _or_ =oniromancie=, _n.f._, oneiromancy.

=onocrotale=, _n.m._, (orni.) pelican.

=onomatopée=, _n.f._, (gram.) onomatopœia.

=ontologie=, _n.f._, ontology.

=ontologique=, _adj._, ontological.

=ontologiste=, _n.m._, ontologist.

=onyx= (o-niks), _n.m._ and _adj._, onyx.

=onzaine=, _n.f._, about eleven, eleven or so; an eleven (at cricket).

=onze=, _n.m._ and _adj._, eleven, eleventh. [_Onze_, _onzième_,

_onzaine_, do not admit of being preceded by _l’_, say, therefore, _le

onze_, _du onze_, _au onzième_, _la onzaine_]. _Le — du mois_; the

eleventh of the month.

=onzième=, _n.m._ and _adj._, eleventh.

=onzième=, _n.f._, (mus.) eleventh.

=onzièmement= (on-zièm-mān), _adv._, eleventhly, in the eleventh place.

=oolithe=, _n.m._, oolite.

=oolithique=, _adj._, oolitic.

=opacité=, _n.f._, opaqueness, opacity, darkness.

=opale=, _n.f._, opal.

=opalescence=, _n.f._, opalescence.

=opalin=, =-e=, _adj._, opaline.

_s’_=opaliser=, _v.r._, to opalize, to become opalized.

=opaque=, _adj._, opaque.

=opéra=, _n.m._, opera, opera-house. _C’est un vrai —_; it is a perfect

imbroglio.

=opérant=, _-e_, _adj._, operating.

=opérat-eur=, _n.m._, =-rice=, _n.f._, operator; mountebank, quack.

=opérati-f=, _-ve_, operative.

=opération=, _n.f._, operation, working, performance; (fin.) transaction.

_Subir une —_; to undergo an operation. _Terminer une —_; to close a

transaction.

=opératoire=, _adj._, operative. _Médecine —_; surgery.

=operculaire=, _adj._, (bot.) operculate, operculated.

=opercule=, _n.m._, operculum, cover.

=operculé=, =-e=, _adj._, opercular, operculated.

=opérer=, _v.a._, to operate, to effect, to bring about, to perform,

to work, to act; to manage, to contrive. _Se faire —_; to undergo an

operation.

=opérer=, _v.n._, to work, to operate.

_s’_=opérer=, _v.r._, to take place, to come about, to be brought about.

=opérette=, _n.f._, operetta.

=opes=, _n.m.pl._, (arch.) opes; (mas.) scaffold-holes, putlog holes.

=ophicléide=, _n.m._, ophicleide.

=ophidien=, _-ne_ (-di-in, -è-n), _adj._, ophidian.

=ophidiens= (-di-in), _n.m.pl._, ophidians.

=ophioglosse=, _n.m._, (bot.) ophioglossum. _V._ =langue-de-serpent=.

=ophiologie=, _n.f._, ophiology.

=ophiologiste=, _n.m._, ophiologist.

=ophite=, _n.m._, (min.) ophite.

=ophtalmie=, _n.f._, ophthalmia, ophthalmy.

=ophtalmique=, _adj._, ophthalmic.

=ophtalmographie=, _n.f._, ophthalmography.

=ophtalmologie=, _n.f._, ophthalmology.

=ophtalmoscope=, _n.m._, ophthalmoscope.

=opiacé=, =-e=, _adj._, (med.) containing opium.

=opiat=, _n.m._, opiate.

=opilati-f=, _-ve_, _adj._, (med.) obstruent.

=opilation=, _n.f._, (med.) obstruction.

=opiler=, _v.a._, (med.) to obstruct.

=opimes=, _adj.f.pl._, opima. _Dépouilles —_; opima spolia.

=opinant=, _n.m._, speaker, adviser, voter. _adj._, speaking, advising.

=opiner=, _v.n._, to opine, to speak, to give one’s opinion, to be of

opinion; to advise, to conclude. _Les juges opinèrent à la mort_; the

judges decided for death. _— du bonnet_; to vote blindly; to concur

entirely; to nod assent.

=opineur=, _n.m._, opiner.

=opiniâtre=, _adj._, stubborn, obstinate, headstrong, self-willed. _Le

combat fut —_; the fight was a stubborn one. _Un mal —_; an obstinate,

unyielding disease.

=opiniâtre=, _n.m.f._, stubborn person. _Je hais les —s_; I hate stubborn

people.

=opiniâtrément=, _adv._, obstinately, stubbornly.

☉=opiniâtrer=, _v.a._, to contradict, to tease; to maintain a thing

obstinately, to render obstinate.

_s’_=opiniâtrer=, _v.r._, to be obstinate; to insist upon doing. _Ils s’y

sont opiniâtrés_; they obstinately persisted in it.

=opiniâtreté=, _n.f._, obstinacy, stubbornness, self-will. _Il suit son

entreprise avec —_; he pursues his scheme with pertinacity.

=opinion=, _n.f._, opinion, vote, public opinion. _Chacun motiva son —_;

every one gave his reasons for his opinion. _Les —s sont partagées_;

opinions are divided. _Résumer les —s_; to sum up the opinions. _Aller

aux —s_; to put it to the vote. _Recueillir les —s_; to collect the

votes. _C’est une affaire d’—_; it is a mere matter of opinion. _Il a

bonne — de lui-même_; he has a great opinion of himself.

=opisthodome=, _n.m._, (antiq.) opisthodome.

=opisthographe=, _adj._, (paleography) written on both sides.

=opium= (o-piom), _n.m._, opium.

=opobalsamum= (-sa-mom), _n.m._, (pharm.) opobalsam, balm of Gilead.

=opodeldoch=, _n.m._, opodeldoc.

=opossum= (-som), _n.m._, (mam.) opossum.

=opportun=, =-e=, _adj._, opportune, convenient, seasonable, timely,

well-timed, expedient.

=opportunément=, _adv._, opportunely, seasonably.

=opportunité=, _n.f._, opportuneness, seasonableness, expediency;

opportunity.

=opposable=, _adj._, opposable.

=opposant=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, opponent, adversary; opposing,

opposite, adverse.

=opposé=, =-e=, _adj._, opposite, contrary; facing; disinclined. _Deux

armées —es l’une à l’autre_; two armies opposed one to the other.

=opposé=, _n.m._, opposite, reverse, contrary. _Il est tout l’— de son

père_; he is quite the opposite of his father.