=crépitant=, =-e=, _adj._, crepitating, crackling.

=crépitation=, _n.f._, _or_ =crépitement=, _n.m._, crepitation, crackling.

=crépodaille= _or_ =crapaudaille=, _n.f._, thin crape, gauze-crape.

=crépon=, _n.m._, crepon, frizette, rouge-puff, hair-pad.

=crépu=, =-e=, _adj._, crisped, frizzled, crisp, crispy, woolly. _Les

nègres ont les cheveux —s_; negroes have woolly hair.

=crépusculaire=, _adj._, crepuscular. _Lumière —_; twilight.

=crépuscule=, _n.m._, crepuscule, twilight; dawn. _— du soir_; owl-light,

twilight.

=créque=, _n.f._, sloe.

=créquier=, _n.m._, sloe tree.

=cresane=, _n.f._ _V._ =crassane=.

=crescendo=, _adv._, (mus.) crescendo.

=créseau=, _n.m._, species of woolen stuff, kersey.

=cresserelle=, _n.f._ _V._ =crécerelle=.

=cresson=, _n.m._, cress, cresses, water-cress. _— alénois_, _de jardin_;

dittander; garden-cress. _— doré_; golden saxifrage. _— des prés_; lady’s

smock. _— sauvage_; water-plantain. _— de rivière_; water-rocket.

=cressonnière=, _n.f._, cress-bed.

=crésus=, _n.m._, (_—_) very rich man. _C’est un —_; he is a very Crœsus.

=crétacé=, =-e=, _adj._, cretaceous.

=crête=, _n.f._, crest, tuft, comb of a cock or hen; top-knot; (anat.)

ridge; (arch.) ridge; top; bank; coping. _— de morue_; head-piece (of a

cod). _Lever la —_; to be conceited; to hold one’s head high. _Baisser

la —_; to come down a peg. _Rabaisser la — à quelqu’un_; to bring anyone

down a peg. _— d’un fossé_; bank on the side of a ditch. _— d’une

montagne_; ridge of a mountain. _— d’une grosse vague_; crest of a

billow. _— marine_; samphire. _— de coq_; cock’s-comb; hog’s-ear shell.

_Crête-de-coq_, (_—s-—_) louse-wort.

=crêté=, =-e=, _adj._, crested, tufted.

=crételer=, _v.n._, (of hens) to cackle.

=crétin=, _n.m._, (med.) cretin; idiot, dunce. _C’est un —_; he is a

dunce.

=crétiniser=, _v.a._, to brutalize, to brutify, to make an idiot of.

_se_ =crétiniser=, _v.r._, to become brutified; to become stupid.

=crétinisme=, _n.m._, cretinism, idiocy.

=crétique=, _adj._, cretic.

=crétois=, =-e=, _n._ and _adj._, Cretan.

=cretonne=, _n.f._, fine linen, long-cloth, cretonne.

=cretons=, _n.m.pl._, residuum of melted tallow and kitchen-stuff;

graves. _— de lard_; scrapings.

=creusage=, _n.m._, deepening, hollowing; plowing; digging.

=creusement= (kreuz-mān), _n.m._, (l.u.) digging; excavation, hollowing,

deepening.

=creuser=, _v.a._, to dig, to delve; to hollow, to make hollow, to

excavate, to scoop out; to sink, to deepen. _— la terre_; to dig the

ground. _— un fossé_; to dig a ditch. _— un puits_; to sink a well. _—

une question_; to examine a question thoroughly.

_se_ =creuser=, _v.r._, to become hollow. _Se — le cerveau_; to rack

one’s brain.

=creuser=, _v.n._, to dig. _— sous terre_; to dig underground. _— bien

avant_; to dig deep.

=creuset=, _n.m._, crucible, melting-pot; (chem.) test, trial. _Passer

par le —_; to assay, to refine.

=creux=, _n.m._, hollow, cavity; pit, hole, chasm; gutter, delve; mold;

mortar, trough; pit of the stomach. _— planté d’arbres_; dell planted

with trees. _— profond dans une mine_; groove in a mine. _Le — de la

main_; the hollow of the hand. _Il a un bon —_; he has a fine bass voice.

_— d’un vaisseau_ (nav.); depth of a ship’s hold. _— d’une voile_; cavity

of a sail (which retains the wind).

=creu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, hollow, cavernous; deep; empty, unsubstantial,

airy, fantastical, chimerical, extravagant. _Des yeux —_; eyes sunk in

the head. _Avoir les joues —ses_; to have hollow cheeks. _Il a le ventre

—_; his belly is empty. _Un fossé — de trois pieds_; a ditch three feet

deep. _Esprit —_; _cerveau —_; cracked-brain, empty head. _Pensées —ses_;

airy notions. _Viande —se_; frothy, unsubstantial food. _Songer —_; to be

in a brown study.

=crevaille=, _n.f._, guzzling, gormandizing, stuffing; tuck out, blow out.

=crevaison=, _n.m._, puncture (bicycle).

=crevasse=, _n.f._, crevice, chink, rift, crack; gap, cranny; (vet.)

malt-worm, cratches. _Des —s aux mains_; chaps.

=crevasser=, _v.a._, to split, to crack; to chap; to make cracks.

_se_ =crevasser=, _v.r._, to crack, to split, to gape, to become chapped.

=crevé=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, (l.ex.) very fat man; bloated fellow.

_Petit —_; fast young fellow; one used up, done up.

=crevé=, _n.m._, opening, slash (in sleeves).

=crève-cœur=, _n.m._, (_—_) heart-break, heart-breaking thing,

heart-sore; heart-rending thing.

=crever=, _v.a._, to burst, to break, to split, to crack, to rift, to

tear, to rend; to stave in; to cram any one with victuals. _— une botte_;

to burst a boot. _— les yeux à quelqu’un_; to put out any one’s eyes. _—

un cheval_; to kill a horse. _Cela vous crève les yeux_; that lies under

your very nose (_i.e._, is obvious, self-evident).

=crever=, _v.n._, to burst; to die, to perish. _C’est une médecine à

faire — un cheval_; this medicine is enough to kill a horse. _— de

graisse_; to be extremely fat. _— de chaud_; to be dying with heat. _— de

rire_; to split one’s sides with laughing. _— de faim_; to be dying with

hunger. _— d’orgueil_; to be bursting with pride. _— de biens_; to wallow

in wealth.

_se_ =crever=, _v.r._, to burst; to kill oneself. _Se — de boire et de

manger_; to cram or stuff till one is ready to burst. _Se — de travail_;

to overwork oneself.

=crevet=, _n.m._, stay-lace with tags at both ends.

=crevette=, _n.f._, prawn, shrimp.

=cri=, _n.m._, cry; scream; screaming; roar, roaring; bawling, howling,

yell, yelling, outcry, clamor; whine, whining; squeak, squeaking;

opinion. _— de joie_, _— d’allégresse_; shout, shouting, hallooing,

huzza, acclamation. _— aigre_, _aigu_, _perçant_; scream, shriek, squeak,

shrill cry. _Les —s des femmes_; the squalling of women. _— de guerre_;

watchword. _— d’armes_; (her.) motto. _Jeter un —_, _faire des —s_,

_pousser un —_; to utter a cry, to cry out lustily; to raise an outcry;

to complain loudly. _Demander à grands —s_; to demand with a loud voice.

_Je poussai un grand —_; I shrieked out. _Jeter les hauts —s_; to cry

out. _Le — de la nature_; the voice of nature. _Donner du — à la soie_;

to sulphur silk. _À cor et à —s_; with hue and cry. _Il n’y a qu’un — sur

son compte_; there is only one opinion about him.

=criage=, _n.m._, public crying.

*=criaillement=, _n.m._, act of wrangling; brawling; (of geese) gabbling.

*=criailler=, _v.n._, to bawl, to brawl, to cry, to clamor; to scold, to

chide; (of geese) to gabble.

*=criaillerie=, _n.f._, brawling, clamoring, scolding, wrangling.

*=criailleu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, brawler, bawler, wrangler; shrew,

scold.

=criant=, =-e=, _adj._, crying; glaring, shocking, shameful; noisy.

_Injustice —e_; crying, daring injustice.

=criard=, =-e=, _adj._, crying, bawling, squalling, noisy; brawling,

clamorous, scolding; (paint.) discordant; shrill. _Dettes —es_; dribbling

or small debts. _Voix —e_; shrill voice.

=criard=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, brawler, clamorer; scold, shrew.

=criarde=, _n.f._, thick gummed cloth; varnished cloth.

=criblage=, _n.m._, sifting.

=crible=, _n.m._, sieve; riddle. _Percé comme un —_; as full of holes as

a sieve; riddled.

=cribler=, _v.a._, to sift, to riddle; to scan, to examine; to pepper

(a person). _— de coups_; to shoot, run, or stab through and through.

_Criblé de mitraille_; riddled with shot. _Criblé de dettes_; over head

and ears in debt.

=cribleu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, sifter.

=cribleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, (anat.) pierced like a sieve, sieve-like.

=criblier=, _n.m._, sieve-maker.

=criblure=, _n.f._, siftings.

=cribration=, _n.f._, (chem.) cribration.

=cribriforme=, _adj._, cribriform.

=cric= (krî), _n.m._, lifting-jack, screw-jack, hand-screw; little

ratchet-wheel on which the braces of carriages are fixed. _— à baril_;

tilting-jack.

=cric-crac= (krik-krak), (_onomatopœia_) imitation of the creaking noise

produced by breaking or tearing.

=cricoïde=, _n.m._ and _adj._, (anat.) cricoid.

=cri-cri=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (pop.) (ent.) cricket; (ornith.) bunting.

=crid= (krid), _n.m._ _V._ =criss=.

=criée=, _n.f._, proclamation of sale; auction. _Sa maison est en —_; his

house is to be sold by auction. _Audience des —s_; auction mart. _À la

—_; by auction.

=crier=, _v.n._, to cry, to cry out, to halloo, to shout, to bawl; to

scream, to shriek, to screech; to squall, to clamor; to squeak; to call

out; to whine, to pule; to complain loudly, to brawl, to exclaim; to

scold; to huzza, to talk loudly; to gabble (of geese); to screech (of

owls); to troat (of deer); to chirp (of grasshoppers and other insects);

to groan (of roe-bucks); to creak (of doors). _— aux armes_; to cry to

arms. _— au secours_; to call out for help. _— au meurtre_; to cry out

murder. _— au voleur_; to cry out thief. _— au feu_; to cry out fire.

_— à l’injustice_; to exclaim against an injustice. _— au scandale_; to

inveigh against a scandal. _— gare_; to cry out beware! take care. _—

misère_; to plead poverty. _— miséricorde_; to cry for mercy. _— famine_;

to cry out famine. _— à tue-tête_, _comme un perdu_; to cry out; to shriek

at the top of one’s voice or as loud as one can. _— bien fort_; to cry

out lustily. _Les boyaux lui crient_; his bowels rumble. _Il crie avant

qu’on l’écorche_; he cries before he is hurt. _Tout le monde crie contre

cela_; everybody cries out against it.

=crier=, _v.a._, to proclaim; to cry; to hawk; to put up for sale; to

publish, to blazon. _Cet enfant est perdu, il faut le faire —_; the child

is lost, we must have him cried. _Faites — ce paquet de livres_; put up

this lot of books.

=crierie= (kri-rî), _n.f._, bawling, clamor; wrangling; scolding,

brawling.

=crieu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, bawling man or woman, squaller, bawler;

crier; auctioneer; hawker. _— public_; town-crier.

=crime=, _n.m._, crime; sin, transgression, offense, felony; guilt,

guiltiness, wickedness, sinfulness. _— d’Etat_; treason. _— de

lèse-majesté_; high treason. _— capital_; capital offense, crime; (jur.)

felony. _— dénaturé_; unnatural crime. _— abominable_; base, foul crime.

_— qualifié_; indictable offense. _Faire un — à quelqu’un de_; to impute

as a crime to any one. _Être porté au —_; to be prone to crime. _Endurci

dans le —_; hardened in crime.

=criminaliser=, _v.a._, to remove a cause from a civil to a criminal

court.

=criminaliste=, _n.m._, writer on criminal law.

=criminalité=, _n.f._, criminality.

=criminel=, =-le=, _adj._, criminal, felonious, guilty, unlawful. _Juge

—_; a judge that tries criminal cases. _Chambre —le_, _cour —le_;

criminal court.

=criminel=, _n.m._, =-le=, _n.f._, criminal, culprit, offender, felon.

_m._, criminal affair, proceedings before a criminal court. _— d’état_;

state criminal. _Au —_; in criminal matters, criminally.

=criminellement= (-nèl-mān), _adv._, criminally, culpably, guiltily.

=crin=, _n.m._, hair (of the mane and tail of the horse and other

animals); horse-hair; abrupt termination of a metallic vein. _Un sommier_

or _matelas de —_; horse-hair mattress. _Se prendre aux —s_; to seize one

another by the hair. _A tous —s_; with flowing mane and tail; (fig.) a

zealous, indefatigable worker.

=crinal=, _n.m._, (surg.) Anel’s probe.

=crincrin=, _n.m._, (_onomatopœia_), screeching fiddle; scraper; scraping

(of fiddles).

=crinier=, _n.m._, horse-hair worker, chair stuffer.

=crinière=, _n.f._, lion’s mane, horse’s mane. _Vilaine —_; ugly head of

hair; shock.

=crinoline=, _n.f._, crinoline.

=crinon=, _n.m._, crinodes. (_pl._)

=criocère= _or_ =porte-croix=, (_—_) _n.m._, (ent.) crioceris.

=crique=, _n.f._, creek, cove; flaw, crack.

=criquer=, _v.n._, to crack, to chink (of metals).

=criquet=, _n.m._, bad horse, tit; little man; (ent.) gryllus, locust.

=crise=, _n.f._, crisis; fit, convulsion. _L’affaire est dans sa —_; the

matter is come to a crisis. _— de nerfs_; fit of hysteria.

=crispation=, _n.f._, crispation, shriveling; thrilling sensation.

_Donner des —s à quelqu’un_; to put any one on thorns.

=crisper=, _v.a._, to shrivel, to contract, to make shrink; to thrill, to

make thrill, to thrill through; to irritate (the nerves); to give any one

the fidgets, to fidget.

_se_ =crisper=, _v.r._, to shrivel, to shrivel up.

=crispin=, _n.m._, valet (in Molière’s comedies). _C’est un —_; he looks

like a valet. _Jouer les —s_; (thea.) to perform the parts of valets.

=criss=, _n.m._, creese, Malay dagger.

=crissement=, _n.m._, grating of the teeth.

=crisser=, _v.n._, to grate (of the teeth).

=cristal=, _n.m._, (_cristaux_) crystal. _pl._, crystal ware, cut glass

dishes, _— de roche_; rock crystal. _— de mine_; quartz. _Le — de l’eau_;

the limpidity of water. _Le Palais de —_; the Crystal Palace.

=cristallerie= (-tèl-rî), _n.f._, glass-cutting; crystal manufactory;

glass-house, glassworks.

=cristallier=, _n.m._, glass-cutter.

=cristallière=, _n.f._, crystal mine.

=cristallin=, =-e=, _adj._, crystalline; pellucid.

=cristallin=, _n.m._, (anat.) crystalline lens; (astron.) crystalline

heaven.

☉=cristallin=, _n.m._, colored transparent crystals.

=cristallisable=, _adj._, crystallizable.

=cristallisant=, =-e=, _adj._, (chem.) crystallizing.

=cristallisation=, _n.f._, crystallizing, crystallization.

=cristalliser=, _v.a._ and _n._, to crystallize; to be converted into

crystal. _— la soie_; to let the alum settle upon the silk.

_se_ =cristalliser=, _v.r._, to crystallize; to candy.

=cristallisoir=, _n.m._, crystallizing-pan, crystallizer.

=cristallographie=, _n.f._, crystallography.

=cristalloïde=, _n.f._, crystalloid membranous capsule containing the

crystalline lens of the eye.

=cristallotechnie= (-tèk-nî), _n.f._, art of crystallizing salts.

=crístallotomíe=, _n.f._, the art of cutting crystals.

=criste-marine=, _n.f._ _V._ =passe-pierre=.

=criterium= (-om), _n.m._, criterion, standard, test; touchstone.

_L’évidence est le — de la vérité_; evidence is the criterion of truth.

=critiquable=, _adj._, that may be criticised, censurable; exceptionable.

=critique=, _n.m._, critic; censurer, censorious person, carper. _—

fâcheux_; fault-finder.

=critique=, _n.f._, criticism, censure; science of criticism, critique;

critical taste. _La —_; the critics. _Faire de la —_; to write

criticisms. _Faire la — d’un ouvrage_; to criticise, to review, a work.

=critique=, _adj._, critical; censorious, carping, censuring; alarming;

ticklish; momentous. _Humeur —_; censorious temper. _Signes —s_; critical

symptoms. _Pouls —_; alarming pulse.

=critiquer=, _v.a._, to criticise, to examine; to censure, to reflect on,

to blame, to find fault with.

=critiqueur=, =-se=, _n.m.f._, criticiser, fault-finder, carper.

=croassement= (kro-as-mān), _n.m._, croak, croaking, cawing (of crows).

=croasser=, _v.n._, to croak, to caw (of crows).

=croate=, _n.m.f._ and _adj._, Croatian.

=croc= (krô), _n.m._, hook; crook, grapnel, drag; fang, tusk; canine

tooth; dog-tooth; tooth; (l.u.) curling moustache; (nav.) boat-hook. _—

de batelier_; waterman’s pole. _— de candelette_; hook of the forecastle.

_— à trois branches_; grapnel with three hooks. _— de capon_; cat-hook.

_— de palan_; tackle-hook. _Mettre_, _pendre_, _au —_; to put, to lay, on

the shelf, to lay by. _Mettre les armes au —_; to give up the army.

_Moustaches en —_; curling moustache.

=croc= (krock), _n.m._, crackling, crackling noise. _Faire — sous la

dent_; to crackle under the teeth.

=croc-en-jambe= (kro-kān-), _n.m._, (_—s-—_) trip up; Cornish hug; dirty

trick. _Donner un — à quelqu’un_; to trip up anyone’s heels; to supplant

anyone, to play anyone a dirty trick.

=croche=, _adj._, crooked, bent. _Avoir la main —_; (fig.) to be grasping.

=croche=, _n.f._, (mus.) quaver. _Double —_; semiquaver. _Triple —_;

demi-semiquaver. _Quadruple —_; hemi-demi-semiquaver. _Chanter par —_; to

semiquaver.

=crocher=, _v.a._, to hook; to crook (card-teeth). _— l’organeau d’une

ancre_; to fish up the anchor by the ring. _Se —_; to have a set-to; to

come to blows.

=crocher=, _v.n._, (agri.) to produce, to bear. _Les arbres crochent

bien_; the trees are full of bearers.

=croches=, _n.f.pl._, smith’s tongs.

=crochet=, _n.m._, hook; steelyard; two-pronged hoe; turn (on a road);

(surg.) key, crotchet; (erpetology) fang; (arch.) crocket; (anat.)

dog-tooth, canine tooth; (dental surg.) wire; ☉heart-breaker (of curls).

_pl._, fangs, tusks; crotchets; braces. _— d’une porte_; hasp, clasp.

_Clou à —_; tenter-hook. _Des ouvrages au —_; crotchet-work. _Un — de

diamants_; a crotchet of diamonds. _— de chiffonnier_; stick with a hook

at the end, used by rag-gatherers. _Un — de serrurier_; a pick-lock. _—

d’arbre_; bearer. _Broder au —_; to crochet. _— de porte-faix_; porter’s

knot. _Être sur les —s de quelqu’un_; to live at another person’s

expense. _Je suis ici sur mes —s_; I live here upon my own hook. _—

d’armes_; (nav.) hooks to support the small arms in a cabin. _— de

retraite_; eye-bolts in the train of a gun-carriage. _— de bittes_; hooks

to fasten the cross-piece to the bits. _— d’épontilles_; hasps of the

stanchions between decks.

=crochetable=, _adj._, (of locks) pickable.

=crochetage= (krosh-taj), _n.m._, porterage, lock-picking.

=crocheter= (krosh-té), _v.a._, to pick a lock, to do crochet-work.

_se_ =crocheter=, _v.r._, (pop.) to fight (like blackguards).

=crocheteur=, _n.m._, porter, street-porter. _Injures de —_; billingsgate

abuse. _— de serrure_; picklock, housebreaker.

=crochetier= (-tié), _n.m._, hook-maker, clasp-maker; maker of porters’

knots.

=crocheton=, _n.m._, small hooks; crotchets.

=crocheu=, _n.m._, a tool to bend card-teeth,.

=crochu=, =-e=, _adj._, crooked, hooked. _Il a les mains —es_; he is

light-fingered.

=crocodile=, _n.m._, crocodile. _— d’Amérique_; American crocodile,

alligator. _Larmes de —_; hypocritical tears.

=crocodiléen=, _n.m._, crocodilian.

=crocus= (-kus), _n.m._, crocus, saffron.

=croiler= _or_ =croler=, _v.n._, (hawking) to scour.

=croire= (croyant, cru), _v.a._, to believe, to credit, to give credit

to; to have faith in, to trust to, to place reliance on; to be advised,

persuaded; to think; to deem; to presume, to be of opinion. _Je le crois

bien_; I really believe it. _Je n’en crois rien_; I don’t believe a word

of it. _Il le croit bonnement_; he fairly believes it. _Il ne croit

point_; he has no belief. _— une chose trop légèrement_; to believe

something too easily. _— conseil_; to be advised. _À l’en croire, tout

est perdu_; if he is to be believed, all is lost. _J’en crois à peine mes

yeux_; I can hardly believe my eyes. _S’il faut en — les apparences_; if

appearances are to be trusted. _Je crois pouvoir le faire_; I think I

can do it. _Croyez-vous qu’il le fasse?_ do you think he will do it? _Je

crois qu’il le fera_; I think he will do it. _Croyez-vous qu’il le fera?_

do you think he will do it? _Je ne le crois pas_; I do not think he will.

_Il est à — qu’il le veut ainsi_; it is to be presumed that he will have

it so.

=croire=, _v.n._, to believe, to have faith in, to be a believer; to

trust; to credit; to be of opinion; to think; to consider. _— en Dieu_;

to believe in God. _— aux revenants_; to believe in ghosts. _— aux

miracles_; to believe in miracles. _Je crois bien_; I should think so! no

wonder! _Je crois que non_; I believe not. _C’est à ne pas y —_; it is

past belief.

_se_ =croire=, _v.r._, to think or believe one’s self, to consider one’s

self; to be believed, to be credible. _Cet homme se croit habile_; that

man thinks himself skillful. _Cela peut se —_; it is credible. _Il s’en

croit beaucoup_; he thinks a great deal of himself. _Il se croit tout

permis_; he thinks he may do anything.

=croisade=, _n.f._, crusade; (astron.) Southern Cross, Crosier.

=croisé=, =-e=, _part._, crossed; cross (of the breeds of animals);

twilled, double-milled (of cloth); (min.) promiscuous. _Serge —e_;

kersey. _Demeurer_, _se tenir_, _les bras —s_; to sit with folded arms,

to do nothing. _Avoir les jambes —es_; to sit cross-legged. _Feux —s_;

cross fire. _Rimes —s_; alternate rhymes.

=croisé=, _n.m._, Crusader; twill; crossing (a step in dancing). _Chassé

—_; (fig.) change of places.

=croisée=, _n.f._, window; casement, sash; (arch.) cross-aisle, transept;

(print.) cross. _— cintrée_; arched window. _—s d’ogives_; pointed

arches. _— de l’ancre_; cross of the anchor.

=croisement= (croaz-mān), _n.m._, act of crossing; crossing;

cross-breeding (of animals).

=croiser=, _v.a._, to cross, to lay across or cross-wise, to set across,

to cross out, to strike out, to efface; to thwart; to cross (breeds

of animals). _— quelqu’un_; to cross one in his designs. _Des races

croisées_; mixed breeds. _Je l’ai croisé dans la rue_; I passed him in

the street.

=croiser=, _v.n._, to lap over; to cruise. _— sur une côte_; to cruise

along a coast.

_se_ =croiser=, _v.r._, to cross each other, to be crossed, to lie

athwart each other; to intersect each other; to thwart one another; to

take up the cross, to engage in the holy war. _Ces deux courriers se sont

croisés_; these two messengers passed each other on the way.

=croisette=, _n.f._, crosswort; (her.) cresslet; (nav.) pin or bolt used

as a fid to a flag-staff. _— noire_, _grosse —_; (bot.) cheese-rennet,

ladies’ bed-straw.

=croiseur=, _n.m._, cruiser.

=croisière=, _n.f._, (nav.) cruise, cruising squadron; cruising latitude;

sort of tool to mark sea-biscuit; (railways) intersection of two lines,

siding.

*=croisille=, _n.f._, cross-piece.

*=croisillon=, _n.m._, cross-bar; sash-bar.

=croissance=, _n.f._, growth, increase; vegetation. _— entière_; full

growth. _Arrêter dans sa —_; to stunt the growth of. _Avoir pris toute sa

—_; to be full-grown.

=croissant=, _n.m._, crescent, the moon in her increase; short bout (of

a violin); pruning-hook; hedge-bill, hedging-bill; (ich.) moon-fish;

curtain-pin (in the form of a crescent). _En —_; lunated. _Les cornes

du —_; the horns of the crescent. _L’empire du —_; the Crescent. _— de

cheminée_; chimney-hook. _— de pic_ or _de gui_; (nav.) throat _or_ jaw

of the gaff.

=croissant=, =-e=, _adj._, growing, increasing.

=croisure=, _n.f._, the length of the yards (of a ship); coat-staves;

crossing, mill (in stuffs); (poet.) intermixture, mingling.

=croît=, _n.m._, increase (from breeding); growth.

=croître= (croissant, crû), _v.n._, to grow, to wax, to grow up, to grow

tall, to spring up; to augment, to increase; to lengthen; to swell _or_

swell out, to be swollen; to multiply, to be multiplied _or_ increased;

to be grown; to sprout, to shoot. _— trop rapidement_; to outgrow, to

overgrow. _Les jours commencent à —_; the days begin to lengthen, to draw

out. _Elle ne fait que — et embellir_; she grows handsomer every day.

=croix=, _n.f._, cross mark; rood; affliction, trouble, tribulation;

star; (coin.) cross; (print.) dagger; (her.) cross. _Sainte —_; holy

rood. _Les bras d’une —_; the bars of a cross. _Mettre quelque chose

en —_; to put a thing cross-wise. _Avoir les jambes en —_; to sit

cross-legged. _Faire le signe de la —_; to cross one’s self. _On est

allé au-devant de lui avec la — et la bannière_; they went to meet him

with cross and banner, with great ceremony. _Il faut faire une — à la

cheminée_; we must make a cross on the chimney, we must score that up.

_Jouer à — et à pile_; to play at head and tail, at pitch and toss. _—

de par Dieu_, _de Jésus_; cross-row, criss-cross-row, primer, horn-book,

alphabet. _— de Saint André_ or _de Bourgogne_; St. Andrew’s-cross,

saltier (her.). _— de Saint Antoine_; St. Anthony’s-cross. _— de

Lorraine_; cross with two bars. Grand-—; knight grand-cross. _Croix de

chevalier_; (bot.) caltrops, tribulus. _— de Jérusalem_; (bot.) lychnis

Chalcedonica. _— sur les câbles_; (nav.) cross in the hawse. _Mettre les

vergues en —_; to square the yards. _— du Sud_, _— australe_ (astron.);

Southern Cross, Crosier.

=cromlech=, _n.m._, (_—s_) cromlech.

=cromorne=, _n.f._, (mus.) krumhorn, cremona.

=crône=, _n.m._, (nav.) wheel-crane (on a wharf).

=croquade=, _n.f._, (paint.) rough sketch.

=croquant=, _n.m._, poor wretch, fellow; countryman; gristle. _pl._, name

given to French peasants who rebelled under Henri IV and Louis XIII.

=croquant=, =-e=, _adj._, crisp, crackling, short, craunching. _Biscuit

—_; hard biscuit. _Caractère —_; crispness.

=croquante=, _n.f._, crisp-tart; almond-cake. _à la_ =croque-au-sel=,

_adv._, with salt only; (fig.) as easily as possible.

=croque-abeilles=, _n.m._, titmouse.

=croque en bouche=, _n.m._, crisp sweetmeat; crisp cake.

☉=croque-lardon=, _n.m.f._, (_—-—s_) lick-spittle; (l.ex.) lick-dish,

spunger; dinner-hunter.

=croque-mitaine=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) old bogey, black bogey, bugbear.

=croque-mort=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) undertaker’s man.

=croque-note=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) sorry musician, scraper, strummer,

crochet-monger.

=croquer=, _v.n._, to crackle between the teeth, to craunch, to scrunch.

_Être gentil à —_; to be as pretty as you like.

=croquer=, _v.a._, to craunch; to devour, to eat hastily; to make the

first sketch or rough draught of a drawing or picture, to sketch; to

filch, to pilfer; (nav.) to hook or grapple anything. _Il n’a fait que —

ce poème_; he has only written a sketch of the poem. _— le marmot_; to

dance attendance.

=croque-sol=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_). _V._ =croque-note=.

=croquet=, _n.m._, crisp biscuit.

=croquette=, _n.f._, (cook.) croquette.

=croqueur=, _n.m._, devourer, gormandizer, glutton; (l.ex.) greedy-gut,

greedy-guts.

*=croquignole=, _n.f._, fillip; cracknel.

*=croquignoler=, _v.a._, to fillip.

=croquis=, _n.m._, (paint.) rough draft, outline, sketch. _Cahier de —_;

sketch-book. _Faire le — d’une figure_; to sketch a figure.

=crosse=, _n.f._, (of bishops) crosier; (of muskets) but-end; bat (to

play with); cricket (game). _Jouer à la —_; to play at cricket.

=crossé=, =-e=, _adj._, crosiered. _Un abbé — et mitré_; a crosiered and

mitred abbot.

=crosser=, _v.a._, to beat; to scold, to treat any one with contempt; to

strike a ball with a bat.

=crosser=, _v.n._, to play at cricket; to bat.

=crossette=, _n.f._, (agri.) layer; (arch.) return, ear, elbow, ancone.

=crosseur=, _n.m._, cricket-player, cricketer, hockey-player.

*=crossillon=, _n.m._, the curled end of the crosier.

=crotale=, _n.m._, (antiq.) crotalum; (zoöl.) rattle-snake.

=crotaphite=, _adj._, _n.m._, (anat.) crotaphite.

=crotte=, _n.f._, dirt, mud, mire; dung. _Il fait bien de la —_; it is

very dirty. _Être dans la —_; to be in a state of squalid misery. _—s de

brebis_; treadles of sheep. _—s de lapins_; crotels of a rabbit. _— de

renard_; scumber.

=crotté=, =-e=, _part._, dirty, muddy, squalid; wretched, sorry. _— comme

un barbet_; as dirty as a pig. _Un poète —_; a paltry poet. _Il fait bien

— dans les rues_; the streets are very dirty. _— jusqu’à l’échine_; with

mud up to the eyes; draggle-tailed.

=crotter=, _v.a._, to dirt, to dirty, to bemire; to daggle, to draggle,

to bedraggle; to splash, to spatter, to bespatter. _Se —_; to dirty one’s

self; to get dirty; to draggle.

=crottin=, _n.m._, dung (of horses, sheep, etc.).

=crou=, _n.m._, (geol.) sandy, clayey soil.

=crouchaut=, _n.m._, crotch, floor-timbers of a boat or ship.

=croulant=, =-e=, _adj._, sinking, crumbling, ready to fall, tottering;

tumbledown.

=croulement= (krool-mān), _n.m._, sinking, falling in or down (of a

building); ruin.

=crouler=, _v.n._, to sink, to give way, to fall, to fall in, to crumble,

to ruin; to go to ruin.

=crouler=, _v.a._, (nav.) to launch; (hunt.) to wag (said of stags when

they are frightened). _Le cerf croule la queue_; the stag wags his tail.

☉_se_ =crouler=, _v.r._, to fail in an enterprise; (fig.) to sink.

=crouli-er=, =-ère=, _adj._, quaggy, boggy, swampy, moving, shifting (of

land).

=croup= (kroop), _n.m._, (med.) croup.

=croupade=, _n.f._, (man.) croupade.

=croupal=, =-e=, _adj._, pertaining to the croup; croupal.

=croupe=, _n.f._, croup, crupper, the buttocks (of a horse), rump; top

_or_ brow of a hill; (arch.) hip-roof; body (of an edifice). _Cheval à

— de mulet_; narrow-rumped horse. _Être_, _aller_, _monter_, _en —_; to

ride behind another. _— d’église_; half-cylinder roof. _En —_; behind.

=croupé=, =-e=, _adj._, with a rump, crupper. _Cheval bien —_; horse with

a fine crupper.

☉_à_ =croupeton=, _adv._, squatting.

=croupi=, =-e=, _adj._, stagnant, putrid, ditch (water). _De l’eau —e_;

stagnant water, ditch-water.

=croupiader=, _v.n._, to cast anchor by the stern-cable.

=croupier=, _n.m._, croupier (at a gaming-table); partner (of a gambler).

=croupière=, _n.f._, saddle-tie, crupper; (nav.) stern-cable, stern-fast.

_Tailler des —s à quelqu’un_; to cut out work for anyone; (milit.) to put

to flight. _Mouiller en —_; to cast anchor by the stern.

=croupion=, _n.m._, rump. _Parlement —_; the Rump Parliament.

=croupir=, _v.n._, to stagnate; to lie, to wallow, to be sunk in. _— dans

le vice_; to wallow in sin. _— dans l’oisiveté_; in idleness.

=croupissant=, =-e=, _adj._, standing, stagnating, putrescent.

=croupissement=, _n.m._, standing still, stagnation, putrefaction.

=croupon=, _n.m._, square hide, butt.

=croustade=, _n.f._, dish prepared with crusts.

=croustillant=, =-e=, _adj._, crisp, crusty.

*=croustille=, _n.f._, little crust, crust.

*=croustiller=, _v.n._, to bite, eat, or gnaw a crust, to munch.

*=croustilleusement=, _adv._, (fam., l.u.) comically, with mirth,

pleasantly; smuttily.

*=croustilleu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, (fam., l.u.) droll, funny; smutty. _Des

contes —x_; smutty tales.

=croûte=, _n.f._, crust; cake; coarse painting, daub; (med.) scab, scurf.

_La — de dessous_; the under-crust. _Casser une — avec quelqu’un_; to

take a crust with any one. _Ne manger que des —s_; to fare badly.

=croûté=, =-e=, _adj._, crusted, caked, crusty.

=croûtelette= (kroo-tlèt), _n.f._, little crust.

_se_ =croûter=, _v.r._, to cake, to crust.

=croûtier= (-tīé), _n.m._, picture-broker, dealer in daubs _or_ coarse

paintings; dauber.

=croûton=, _n.m._, small crust; wretched dauber; (cook.) sippet.

=croyable=, _adj._, credible, believable, to be believed _or_ credited;

like, likely; reliable. _Cela n’est pas —_; that is not likely.

=croyance=, _n.f._, belief, creed, faith, persuasion; opinion; trust,

credit. _Fausse —_; misbelief. _La — des chrétiens_; the belief of the

Christians. _La — des juifs_; the Jewish creed. _Cela passe toute —_;

that surpasses all belief.

=croyant=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, believer. _Les vrais —s_; true believers.

=cru=, _n.m._, growth; invention; making, fabrication. _Boire du vin

de son —_; to drink wine of one’s own growth. _Vin du —_; wine of the

country. _Des fruits d’un bon —_; fruit of a good soil. _Cela n’est pas

de son —_; that thing is not of his own invention.

=cru=, =-e=, _adj._, raw, crude, uncooked; indigestible; unwrought,

hard, blunt, harsh, coarse, rough; indecent, smutty, obscene, bawdy;

undigested, unconcocted; stiff. _Tout —_; quite raw. _Cuir —_; undressed

leather. _Soie —e_; raw silk. _Métal —_; raw metal, ore. _Eau —e_; hard

water. _Couleur —e_; stiff color. _Une lumière —e_; a hard light.

_à_ =cru=, _adv._, on the bare skin, next the skin. _Botté_ or _chaussé

à —_; wearing boots without stockings. _Monter à cheval à —_; to ride a

horse bare-backed.

=cruauté=, _n.f._, cruelty, hardship. _User de —_; to be guilty of

cruelty.

=cruche=, _n.f._, pitcher, jar, jug; stupid person, blockhead, booby,

lout, dolt. _Tant va la — à l’eau qu’à la fin elle se casse_; the pitcher

goes to the well once too often.

=cruchée=, _n.f._, pitcherful, jugful, jarful.

=crucherie=, _n.f._, (fam.) stupidity, silliness. _Vous ne dites que des

—s_; you only talk utter nonsense.

=cruchette=, _n.f._ _V._ =cruchon=.

=cruchon=, _n.m._, little pitcher.

=crucial=, =-e=, _adj._, crucial, cross-like.

=crucifère=, _n.f._ and _adj._, (bot.) cruciferous plant; cruciferous.

_pl._, cruciferæ.

=crucifiement= _or_ =crucifîment= (-mān), _n.m._, crucifixion.

=crucifier=, _v.a._, to crucify.

=crucifix= (-fi), _n.m._, crucifix, cross. _Mangeur de —_; great bigot.

_Galerie du —_; rood-loft. _Faire le demi —_; (pop.) to beg.

=crucifixion=, _n.f._, crucifixion.

=cruciforme=, _adj._, cross-shaped, cross-like, cruciform.

=crudité=, _n.f._, crudity, crudeness, rawness; coarse expression;

offensive, harsh words; (paint.) stiffness, crudeness; (of water)

hardness.

=crue=, _n.f._, rise, swelling; growth, growing; increase, flood,

inundation. _La — des eaux_; the swelling of the waters. _— de mer_;

surge of the sea. _Cet arbre a pris toute sa —_; that tree has attained

its full growth.

=cruel=, =-le=, _adj._, cruel, merciless, pitiless, ruthless,

hard-hearted; relentless, remorseless; sanguinary, murderous,

bloodthirsty; hard, inflexible, flinty; grievous, sad, tormenting. _Il

fait le —_; he acts a cruel part. _Elle n’est pas —le_; she is not

hard-hearted.

=cruel=, _n.m._, =-le=, _n.f._, cruel one.

=cruellement= (-èl-mān), _adv._, cruelly, barbarously; unmercifully,

mercilessly, pitilessly, ruthlessly, grievously, severely, sorely.

☉=cruentation=, _n.f._, (med.) cruentation.

=crûment=, _adv._, bluntly, coarsely, roughly, inconsiderately, crudely.

=cruor=, _n.m._, (physiology) cruor.

=crural=, =-e=, _adj._, (anat.) crural.

=crustacé=, =-e=, _adj._, crustaceous.

=crustacé=, _n.m._, crustacean.

=cruzade=, _n.f._, cruzado, cruzade (Portuguese coin).

=crypte=, _n.f._, crypt. _n.m._, (bot., anat.) crypt.

=cryptogame=, _n.f._, (bot.) aphrodite, cryptogam.

=cryptogame=, _adj._, (bot.) cryptogamous.

=cryptogamie=, _n.f._, (bot.) cryptogamia.

=cryptographie=, _n.f._, cryptography.

=cryptographique=, _adj._, cryptographical.

=crypto-portique=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) (arch.) cryptoporticus.

=crystal=. _V._ =cristal=.

=c-sol-ut=, _n.m._, (mus.) C. _Cet air est en —_; this tune is in C.

=ct= (ab. of =courant=), inst. (instant).

=cᵗᵉ= (ab. of =comte=), earl.

=cᵗᵉˢˢᵉ= (ab. of =comtesse=), countess.

=cu=, _n.m._, (very l.ex.) _V._ =cul=.

=cubage=, _n.m._, _or_ =cubature=, _n.f._, cubature.

=cubation=, _n.f._, cubature.

=cube=, _n.m._, (geom., arith.) cube. _Le — de deux est huit_; the cube

of 2 is 8.

=cube=, _adj._, (arith., geom.) cubic.

=cubèbe=, _n.m._, cubeba.

=cuber=, _v.a._, (geom., arith.) to cube.

=cubilot=, _n.m._, (metal.) cupola.

=cubique=, _adj._, (arith., geom.) cubic, cubical. _Racine —_; cube root.

=cubital=, =-e=, _adj._, (anat.) cubital, ulnar.

=cubitus= (-tus), _n.m._, (anat.) cubitus.

=cuboïde=, _n.m._, (anat.) cuboid.

=cucubale=, _n.m._, (bot.) cucubalus, berry-bearing campion.

=cucuje=, _n.m._, (zoöl.) corn-beetle, luminous-beetle.

=cucurbitacé=, =-e=, _adj._, cucurbitaceous.

=cucurbitacée=, _n.f._, (bot.) cucurbitaceous plant. _pl._, cucurbitaceæ.

=cucurbite=, _n.f._, (chem.) cucurbit.

=cueillage= (keu-iaj), _n.m._, act of gathering, picking.

*=cueille= (keu), _n.f._, (agri.) gathering of fruit; (nav.) width of

sail-cloth.

*=cueillette= (keu-iet), _n.f._, gathering; crop; nutting (fruit); (nav.)

mixed cargo; collection of money for the poor.

*=cueilleu-r= (keu-ieur), _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, gatherer.

*=cueillir= (keu-), (cueillant, cueilli, je cueille), _v.a._, to cull, to

pick, to pluck; to gather; to take up; (nav.) to coil. _— des fleurs_; to

pluck flowers. _— des lauriers_; to gather laurels.

*=cueilloir= (keu-), _n.m._, fruit-basket.

=cuider=, _n.m._, fruit-basket.

=cuiller= _or_ =cuillère= (ku-lièr), _n.f._, spoon. _— à soupe_;

soup-ladle. _— à café_; tea-spoon. _— à bouche_; table-spoon. _— à

dessert_; dessert-spoon. _— à ragoût_; gravy-ladle. _Elever à la —_; to

bring up by hand.

*=cuillerée= (ku-), _n.f._, spoonful, ladleful. _Grande —_ or _— à

bouche_; tablespoonful. _Petite —_ or _— à café_; teaspoonful.

*=cuilleriste=, _n.m._, spoon maker.

*=cuilleron=, _n.m._, bowl of a spoon.

=cuir=, _n.m._, hide, skin, leather; strop; slip of the tongue, _i.e._,

pronouncing _s_ for _t_, and vice versa, at the end of words, or using

these letters unnecessarily; as: _Il est sorti zhier, j’étaità la

campagne_, for _Il est sorti hier, j’étais à la campagne_. _—s bruts_;

raw hides. _—s apprêtés_; dressed hides. _— à rasoir_ or _à repasser_;

razor-strop. _Faire du — d’autrui large courroie_; to make free with

other people’s money. _Tanner le — à quelqu’un_; to give any one a

hiding. _Pester entre — et chair_; to fume inwardly. _Faire des —s en

parlant_; to pronounce final _s_ instead of final _t_, and vice versa;

or to sound _s_ or _t_ when there is none at the end of words, _i.e._:

to drop one’s _h_’s. _— de Russie_; Russian leather.

=cuirasse=, _n.f._, cuirass, breast-plate, armor-plate, shell. _— à

l’épreuve du mousquet_; ball-proof cuirass. _Le défaut de la —_; the

extremity of or break in the armor, vulnerable part. _On lui a trouvé le

défaut de la —_; we have found his weak side. _Endosser la —_; to turn

soldier.

=cuirassé=, =-e=, _adj._, armed with a cuirass, armor-plated, iron-cased;

ready armed; hardened; secret, close. _Il est —_; he is prepared for

anything, he is incapable of feeling remorse. _Vaisseau —_; iron-clad

ship, iron-clad.

=cuirassement=, _n.m._, armor-plating.

=cuirasser=, _v.a._, to arm with a cuirass; to iron-plate (nav.); to

steel, to harden, to season.

_se_ =cuirasser=, _v.r._, to put on a cuirass; to harden _or_ fortify

one’s self.

=cuirassier=, _n.m._, cuirassier.

=cuire= (cuisant, cuit), _v.a._, to cook, to do; to boil; to bake; to

roast; to broil, to grill; to dress, to prepare; to stew; to burn (of the

sun); to ripen; (physiology) to concoct, to digest. _— la viande_; to

do the meat. _— trop_; to overdo. _— des briques_; to burn bricks. _— à

l’eau_; to boil. _Faire — des œufs_; to boil eggs.

=cuire=, _v.n._, to be cooked, to be done; to be burned; to bake; to

broil; to boil; to smart, to burn. _La main me cuit_; my hand smarts.

_Vous viendrez — à mon four_; you will want me some day, and then I shall

be even with you. _Il vous en cuira_; you shall smart for it.

=cuirer=, _v.a._, to cover in leather.

=cuisage=, _n.m._, burning; charring.

=cuisant=, =-e=, _adj._, easy to cook; sharp, smarting; piercing,

exquisite; severe; poignant. _Douleur —e_; violent pain.

=cuisier=, _n.m._, brick-burner.

=cuisine=, _n.f._, kitchen; cookery; the cooks; spice-box; fare, living;

(nav.) cuddy, caboose, galley. _— bourgeoise_; plain living; homely fare.

_Graisses de —_; kitchen stuff. _Être chargé de —_; to be monstrously

fat. _Faire la —_; to cook, to dress victuals. _Chef de —_; master-cook.

_Aide de —_; under-cook. _Fille de —_; kitchen-maid.

=cuisiner=, _v.n._, to cook, to dress victuals.

=cuisinier=, _n.m._, cook, man-cook.

=cuisinière=, _n.f._, cook, woman-cook; Dutch oven, meat-screen.

=cuissard=, _n.m._, cuish (armor); (surg.) thigh-piece.

=cuisse=, _n.f._, thigh; (of meat) rump; leg (of poultry).

=cuisse-madame=, _n.f._, (_—-—s_) sort of pear.

=cuisson=, _n.f._, dressing (of victuals); cooking (baking, boiling,

roasting, &c.); smart (pain). _Ressentir une —_; to feel a smarting pain.

=cuissot=, _n.m._, haunch (of venison).

=cuistre=, _n.m._, college-fag; college-scout; vulgar, pedantic fellow.

=cuit=, =-e=, _part._, cooked, done, roasted, boiled, baked; (fig.) done

for, dished. _Cela est trop —_; that is done too much, overdone (of

meat). _— au four_; baked. _— à point_; done to a turn.

=cuite=, _n.f._, baking; burning (of bricks, etc.); (manu.) boiling.

=cuivre=, _n.m._, copper, brass. _— jaune_; brass. _— rouge_; copper.

_— vierge_; native copper. _— battu_; wrought copper. _— fondu_; cast

copper. _— en barres_; bar copper. _— en planches_; sheet copper. _Fonte

de —_; pig copper. _—s_; brass instruments.

=cuivré=, =-e=, _adj._, copper-colored; (fig.) ringing, clear, sonorous.

=cuivrer=, _v.a._, to cover with sheet copper, to copper.

=cuivrerie=, _n.f._, copper wares, brass-wares.

=cuivreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, coppery.

=cul= (ku), _n.m._, (very l.ex.) breech; backside; posterior; rump;

bottom; tail (of carts); top; cylinder head (mech.). _— par-dessus tête_;

head over heels. _Donner du pied au — à quelqu’un_; to kick any one.

_Être à —_; not to know what to do. _Faire le — de poule_; to pout. _—

de basse-fosse_; dungeon. _—-de-jatte_, (_—s-—_) cripple (seated on a

wooden bowl). _—-de-lampe_, (_—s-—_) (arch.) bracket, pendant; (print.)

tail-piece. _— de porc_, (nav.) wall-knot. _—-de-sac_, (_—s-—_) blind

alley. _—-de-four_, (_—s-—_) (arch.) demi-cupola. _—-blanc_, (_—s-—s_)

(orni.) wheat-ear, white-tail, fallow-chat, fallow-finch; snipe.

=culasse=, _n.f._, breech (of a cannon, musket, etc.); pavilion (of

diamonds).

=culbutant=, _n.m._, (orni.) tumbler.

=culbute=, _n.f._, somersault; ruin, failure, bankruptcy; fall, tumble,

somersault. _Faire la —_; to turn a somersault. _Au bout du fossé la —_;

look before you leap.

=culbuter=, _v.a._, to throw down, to throw down headlong; to overthrow,

to ruin, to upset; to make any one, anything, tumble down; to do for.

_Cette entreprise l’a culbuté_; this enterprise has ruined him.

=culbuter=, _v.n._, to fall head over heels.

=culbutis=, _n.m._, confused heap; jumble.

=culée=, _n.f._, abutment (of bridges); tail (of a hide); (nav.)

stern-way.

=culer=, _v.n._, to fall astern, to make stern-way; to veer (of the

wind). _Scier à —_; to back water.

=culeron=, _n.m._, (saddlery) crupper-loop.

=culière=, _n.f._, gutter-stone, kennel-stone, breech of harness, hind

girth.

=culinaire=, _adj._, culinary.

=culmifère=, _adj._, (bot.) culmiferous.

=culminant=, _adj._, culminating; prominent. _Point —_; culminating

point, top, summit.

=culmination=, _n.f._, culmination.

=culminer=, _v.n._, (astron.) to culminate.

=culot=, _n.m._, youngest bird (of a brood); youngest (of a family), last

born; youngest member of a society; bottom (of lamps, crucibles, etc.);

residuum. _Le — d’une pipe_; black at the bottom of a pipe-plug.

=culotte=, _n.f._, small clothes, breeches; rump (of an ox, a pigeon). _—

de bœuf_; rump of beef. _— de peau_; leather breeches; (fig.) old retired

officer.

=culotter=, _v.a._, to breech, to put in breeches; to color (pipe).

_se_ =culotter=, _v.r._, to put on one’s breeches; to get colored (pipe).

=culottier=, _n.m._, breeches-maker.

☉=culottin=, _n.m._, newly-breeched boy; tight breeches.

=culpabilité=, _n.f._, guilt; culpability.

=culte=, _n.m._, creed; religion; worship; adoration; veneration, honor,

love, respect, cultivation. _Rendre un — à_; to worship.

=cultivable=, _adj._, cultivable, arable.

=cultivat-eur=, _n.m._, =-rice=, _n.f._, husbandman, farmer, grower,

agriculturist.

=cultivat-eur=, =-rice=, _adj._, agricultural.

=cultivation=, _n.f._, cultivation.

=cultiver=, _v.a._, to cultivate; to till; to improve; to inform; to

exercise, to practice; to cultivate the acquaintance of.

=culture=, _n.f._, culture; cultivation; tillage, husbandry; growth;

education, improvement. _Être sans —_; to be _or_ lie fallow. _La petite

—_; farming on a small scale; raising of poultry, etc.

=cumin=, _n.m._, (bot.) cumin. _— des prés_; caraway seed.

=cumul=, _n.m._, accumulation, junction; plurality of offices _or_

places, pluralism.

=cumulard=, _n.m._, (fam. b.s.) pluralist, place-man.

=cumulati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, accumulative.

=cumulativement= (-tiv-mān), _adv._, by accumulation.

=cumuler=, _v.a._, to accumulate, to cumulate.

=cumuler=, _v.n._, to be a pluralist of offices, to hold several offices.

_se_ =cumuler=, _v.r._, to be held at the same time.

=cunéaire=, _adj._, cuneate, cuneated.

=cunéiforme=, _adj._, cuneiform.

=cunette=, _n.f._, (fort.) cunette.

=cupide=, _adj._, covetous, greedy, grasping.

=cupidité=, _n.f._, cupidity; covetousness; concupiscence, lust.

=cupidon=, _n.m._, (myth.) Cupid, Love. _Vieux —_; old beau.

=cupulaire=, _adj._, cup-shaped.

=cupule=, _n.f._, (bot.) cupule; cup (of acorns).

=curabilité=, _n.f._, curableness.

=curable=, _adj._, that may be healed, curable.

=curaçao= (ku-ra-so), _n.m._, Curaçoa.

=curage=, _n.m._, cleansing, cleaning (of harbors, sewers, &c.); (bot.)

water-pepper.

=curare=, _n.m._, curare, arrow-poison.

=curatelle=, _n.f._, guardianship, trusteeship.

=curat-eur=, _n.m._, =-rice=, _n.f._, curator, curatrix, trustee;

committee.

=curati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, curative.

=curatif=, _n.m._, curative agent.

=curation=, _n.f._, (med.) treatment.

=curcuma=, _n.m._, (bot.) curcuma, turmeric.

=cure=, _n.f._, cure, healing; living, benefice, parsonage, rectory;

☉care. _N’en avoir —_; to pay no heed to.

=curé=, _n.m._, rector, vicar. _C’est Gros Jean qui en remontre à son —_;

the clerk wants to teach the parson. _Monsieur le —_; your reverence.

=cure-dents=, _n.m._, (_—-—_) tooth-pick.

=curée=, _n.f._, (hunt.) quarry; (fig.) prey, booty; feast; scramble.

_Mettre en —_; to flesh the dogs, to feed them. _Les chiens sont en —_;

the dogs are being fed.

=cure-langue=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) tongue-scrape.

=curement=, _n.m._, cleansing, cleaning (of harbors, sewers).

=cure-môle=, _n.m._, (_—-—s_) dredging-machine.

=cure-oreilles=, _n.m._, (_—-—_) ear-pick.

=cure-pieds=, _n.m._, (_—-—_) horse-picker; hoof-pick.

=curer=, _v.a._, to cleanse, to clean out (harbors, sewers); to pick (the

teeth, the ears). _Se — les dents_; to pick one’s teeth.

=curette=, _n.f._, scraper, scoop.

=cureur=, _n.m._, cleanser (of harbors, sewers).

=curial=, =-e=, _adj._, vicarial, rectorial. _Maison —e_; parsonage-house.

=curiale=, _n.m._, (antiq.) member of the curia.

=curie=, _n.f._, ward; (antiq.) curia.

=curieusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, curiously, inquisitively; carefully;

minutely.

=curieu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, curious; inquisitive; prying; fond of;

careful; nice; particular; rare, singular. _Il est — de tableaux_; he is

fond of pictures.

=curieu-x=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, inquisitive person, spectator,

looker-on; virtuoso; curious fact. _Le — de la chose est_; the curious

part of the thing is.

=curion=, _n.m._, (antiq.) curio.

=curiosité=, _n.f._, curiosity; inquisitiveness; rarity; care; taste for.

_Par —_; out of curiosity.

=curoir=, _n.m._, plow-scraper.

=curseur=, _n.m._, (math.) cursor, slider, slide, index.

=cursi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, cursive; running; cursory.

=cursivement=, _adv._, cursorily.

=curule=, _adj._, curule. _Chaise —_; curule chair.

=curure=, _n.f._, dirt, sewage.

=curvati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._ (bot.) slightly curved.

*=curviligne=, _adj._, curvilineal.

=curvirostre=, _adj._, (orni.) curvirostral, hook-billed.

=cuscute=, _n.f._, (bot.) dodder.

=cuspide=, _n.f._, cuspis, cusp.

=cuspidé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) cuspidate.

=cussoné=, =-e=, _adj._, (tech.) worm-eaten, weeviled.

=custode=, _n.f._, pyx-cover; curtain of the high altar; holster-cap;

☉curtain. _Sous la —_; in private.

=custode=, _n.m._, warden, keeper, curator.

=cutané=, =-e=, _adj._, cutaneous.

=cuticule=, _n.f._, (anat., bot.) cuticle.

=cutter= (-tèr), _n.m._, (_—s_) (nav.) cutter.

=cuvage=, _n.m._, (tech.) fermenting (of wine); place where wine is

fermented.

=cuve=, _n.f._, tub, vat, copper. _— de brasseur_; brewing-vat. _—

matière_; mash-tub. _Fossé a fond de cuve_; (fort.) flat-bottomed ditch.

_À fond de —_; (fig.) thoroughly, exhaustively. _— de bain_; bathing-tub.

=cuveau=, _n.m._, small vat, small tub; (min.) corf, cage,

kiddle-outright.

=cuvée=, _n.f._, tubful; vatful; (fam.) sort, kind, quality. _En voici

d’une autre —_; here’s one of another sort for you.

=cuvelage= (kuv-laj), _n.m._, lining, casing; tubbing (mines).

=cuveler= (kuv-lé), _v.a._, to tub (mines); to line, to case.

=cuver=, _v.n._, to work, to ferment, to settle.

=cuver=, _v.a._, to appease; to calm; to sleep off the effects of wine.

_— son vin_; to sleep one’s self sober.

=cuvette=, _n.f._, wash-hand basin; basin, cistern (of barometers,

steam-engines); (fort.) cuvette. _Montre à —_; capped watch.

=cuvier=, _n.m._, wash-tub.

=cyame=, _n.m._, (e.) whale-louse.

=cyanate=, _n.m._, (chem.) cyanate.

=cyanhydrique=, _adj._, (chem.) hydrocyanic, prussic.

=cyanogène=, _n.m._, (chem.) cyanogen.

=cyanomètre=, _n.m._, (phys.) cyanometer.

=cyanure=, _n.m._, (chem.) cyanide.

=cyathe=, _n.m._, (antiq.) cyathus.

=cyclamen= (-me-n), _n.m._, (bot.) cyclamen, sow-bread.

=cycle=, _n.m._, cycle; (liter.) period.

=cyclique=, _adj._, cyclical.

=cycloïdal=, =-e=, _adj._, cycloidal.

=cycloïde=, _n.f._, (geom.) cycloid.

=cyclométrie=, _n.f._, cyclometry.

=cyclone=, _n.m._, tornado.

=cyclope=, _n.m._, Cyclops.

=cyclopéen=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _adj._, cyclopean.

*=cygne=, _n.m._, swan. _Jeune —_; cygnet. (fig.) _Le — Thébain_; Pindar.

_Le — de Mantoue_; Virgil. _Le — de Cambrai_; Fénelon.

=cylindracé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) cylindraceous.

=cylindrage=, _n.m._, mangling (of linen).

=cylindre=, _n.m._, cylinder; roller; garden-roller; mangle, calender;

barrel; rundle. _Passer au —_; to pass through the mangle.

=cylindrer=, _v.a._, to calender; to roll. _— les allées d’un jardin_; to

roll the paths of a garden.

=cylindrique=, _adj._, cylindric.

=cylindroïde=, _n.m._, cylindroid.

=cymaise=, _n.f._ _V._ =cimaise=.

=cymbalaire=, _n.f._, ivy-leaved toad-flax.

=cymbale=, _n.f._, cymbal.

=cymbalier=, _n.m._, cymbal-player.

=cymbiforme=, _adj._, (bot.) cymbiform.

=cyme=, _n.m._, (bot.) cyme. _V._ =cime=.

=cymrique=, _n.m._ and _adj._, Kymric.

=cynanche= _or_ =cynancie=, _n.f._, (med.) cynanche.

=cynanque=, _n.m._, (bot.) dog’s-bane.

=cynégétique=, _n.f._, cynegetics. _adj._, relating to hunting and dogs.

=cynips=, _n.m._, (ent.) cynips.

=cynique=, _adj._, cynical, snarling, snappish; impudent, barefaced,

indecent.

=cynique=, _n.m._, cynic.

=cynisme=, _n.m._, cynicism.

=cynocéphale=, _n.m._, (zoöl.) cynocephalus.

=cynoglosse=, _n.f._, (bot.) cynoglossum, hound’s-tongue.

=cynorrhodon=, _n.m._, (bot.) hip.

=cynosure=, _n.f._, (bot.) cynosurus; (astron.) Cynosure, Little Bear.

=cyprès=, _n.m._, cypress, cypress-tree; cypress-wood.

=cyprière=, _n.f._, cypress-grove.

=cypripède=, _n.m._, (bot.) lady’s-slipper.

=cyrénaïque=, _adj._, cyrenaic. _n.m._, cyrenaic philosopher.

=cyrillien= _or_ =cyrillique=, _adj._ _Alphabet —_; the Slavonic alphabet

invented in the 9th century by St. Cyrillus.

=cystique=, _adj._, (anat.) cystic.

=cystite=, _n.f._, (med.) cystitis.

=cystocèle=, _n.f._, (med.) cystocele.

=cystotome=, _n.m._, (surg.) an instrument to cut into the bladder.

=cystotomie=, _n.f._, cystotomy.

=cytarexylon=, _n.m._, (bot.) fiddle-wood.

=cytise=, _n.m._, (bot.) cytisus, bean-trefoil.

=cyzicène=, _n.m._, (Grec. antiq.) guest-chamber.

=czar= (gzar), _n.m._, czar.

=czarien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _adj._, of the czar.

=czarine=, _n.f._, czarina.

=czarowitz=, _n.m._, czarowitz.

D

=d=, _n.m._, the fourth letter of the alphabet, d.

=d’=, ab. of =de=.

=dà=, _particle_, truly, indeed. _Oui-dà_; yes, forsooth. _Nenni-dà_,

_non-dà_; no, indeed; no, forsooth.

=da-capo=, _adv._, (mus.) da capo.

=dactyle=, _n.m._, (poet.) dactyl; (bot.) orchard-grass.

=dactylographe=, _n.m._, type-writer, typist.

=dactylographie=, _n.f._, dactylography, type-writing.

=dactylique=, _adj._, dactylic.

=dactylologie=, _n.f._, dactylology.

=dactyloptère=, _adj._, (ich.) finger-finned.

=dactyloptère=, _n.m._, dactylopterus, flying-fish.

=dada=, _n.m._, horse, cock-horse; hobby, hobby-horse. _Aller à —_; to

ride a cock-horse. _Être sur son —_; to indulge in one’s hobby.

=dadais=, _n.m._, booby, clown, ninny.

☉=dagorne=, _n.f._, one-horned cow; hag.

=dague= (dag), _n.f._, dagger, dirk. _pl._, tusks (of a wild boar); first

horns (of a two-year old deer).

=daguer= (da-ghé), _v.a._, to stab; (hunt.) to rut.

=daguerréotype= (da-ghér-), _n.m._, daguerreotype.

=daguet= (da-ghé), _n.m._, (hunt.) brocket, pricket.

=dahlia=, _n.m._, dahlia.

*=daigner=, _v.n._, to deign, to be graciously pleased, to condescend, to

vouchsafe.

*=d’ailleurs=. _V._ =ailleurs=.

=daim= (din), _n.m._, deer, fallow-deer; buck.

=daine= (dèn _or_ di-n), _n.f._, doe.

=daintiers= (-tié), _n.m.pl._, (hunt.) dowcets.

=dais=, _n.m._, canopy; dais, platform.

=dalème=, _n.f._, self-consuming stove.

=dallage=, _n.m._, paving with flag-stones, flagging.

=dalle=, _n.f._, slab; flag, flag-stone; sink-stone; slice (of fish).

=daller=, _v.a._, to pave with flag-stones, to flag.

=dalmatique=, _n.f._, dalmatic, tunic.

=dalot=, _n.m._, (nav.) scupper-hole, scupper.

=daltonisme=, _n.m._, (med.) color-blindness.

☉=dam=, _n.m._, hurt, injury. _À son_, _votre_, _leur —_; to his, your,

their injury.

=damage=, _n.m._, puddling, ramming.

=damas=, _n.m._, damask; (bot.) damson; Damascus blade.

=damasquiner=, _v.a._, to damaskene, to emboss; to frost (cutlery).

=damasquinerie= (-ki-n-rî), _n.f._, damaskening.

=damasquineur=, _n.m._, damaskener, one who damaskenes.

=damasquinure=, _n.f._, damaskened work; embossing.

=damassé=, _n.m._, damask linen, damask cloth.

=damasser=, _v.a._, to damask.

=damasserie= (da-mas-rî), _n.f._, damask linen manufactory.

=damasseur=, _n.m._, damask weaver.

=damassin=, _n.m._, figured linen cloth, diaper.

=damassure=, _n.f._, damasking (of linen).

=dame=, _n.f._, lady; married lady; nun; dame; man, draught (backgammon);

(draughts) draught, man, king, queen; queen (cards, chess); dam, rammer;

(nav.) rowlock. _—s de France_; princesses of the royal family of France.

_— d’honneur_; maid of honor, bridesmaid. _Elle fait la —_; she sets up

for a lady. _Notre-—_; Our Lady. _Ma chère —_; my dear madam. _Jouer aux

—s_; to play at draughts. _Aller à —_; (at draughts) to make a king.

_Aller à —_; (at chess) to make a queen; _—s seules_; ladies’ compartment.

=dame=, _int._, by our lady! well! forsooth! well, you see! _—! c’est

juste_; well, you see! it is right.

=dame-jeanne=, _n.f._, (_—s-—s_) demijohn, car-boy.

=damer=, _v.a._, to crown (a man at draughts); to queen; (arch.) to allow

half a foot for sloping; to ram. _— le pion à quelqu’un_; to outdo,

outwit any one; to be more than a match for.

=dameret=, _adj.m._, (l.u.) foppish.

=dameret=, _n.m._, lady’s man, spark, beau.

=damier=, _n.m._, draught-board.

=damnable= (dâ-nabl), _adj._, damnable.

=damnablement= (dâ-na-), _adv._, damnably.

=damnation= (dâ-na-), _n.f._, damnation.

=damné=, =-e= (dâ-né), _part._, damned.

=damné=, =-e= (dâ-né), _n.m._, soul damned. _Les —s_; the damned.

_Souffrir comme un —_; to suffer horribly. _C’est l’âme —e du ministre_;

he is the tool of the minister (_i.e._, does his dirty work for him).

=damner= (dâ-né), _v.a._, to damn.

_se_ =damner= (dâ-né), _v.r._, to damn one’s self.

☉=damoiseau=, _n.m._, beau, fop, spark; young page.

☉=damoisel=, _n.m._ _V._ =damoiseau=.

☉=damoiselle=, _n.f._, damsel.

=danché=, =-e=, _adj._, (her.) indented.

=dandin=, _n.m._, ninny.

=dandinement= (-di-n-mān), _n.m._, jogging, waddling; swinging, slouching.

=dandiner=, _v.a._, to dandle, to rock.

=dandiner=, _v.n._, to swing (of bells); to waddle, to slouch.

_se_ =dandiner=, _v.r._, to waddle; to twist (one’s body) about; to

strut, to slouch; to dilly-dally, to dally.

=dandy=, _n.m._, dandy.

=dandysme=, _n.m._, dandyism.

=danger=, _n.m._, danger, peril, risk, hazard, jeopardy. _Braver les —s_;

to brave dangers. _Affronter les —s_; to face dangers. _Être en — de_; to

be in danger of.

=dangereusement= (danj-reuz-mān), _adv._, dangerously.

=dangereu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, dangerous.

=danois=, =-e=, _adj._, Danish.

=danois=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, Dane.

=danois=, _n.m._, Danish; dane (dog).

=dans=, _prep._, in, within, into; with, according to, formerly. _Il

fait cela — le dessein de s’établir_; he does so with the intention of

establishing himself. _J’ai beaucoup travaillé — le temps_; I used to

study a good deal formerly.

=dansant=, =-e=, _adj._, dancing. _Soirée —e_; dancing party, evening

party.

=danse=, _n.f._, dance, dancing; beating, hiding. _Aimer la —_; to like

dancing. _— de corde_; rope-dancing. _Il a une — contrainte_; he has

a stiff way of dancing. _Donner une — à quelqu’un_; to give any one a

drubbing. _Entrer en —_; to join the dance. _— de St. Guy_; St. Vitus’s

dance.

=danser=, _v.n._, to dance. _— en mesure_; to keep time in dancing.

_Faire — quelqu’un_; to lead any one a dance. _Il ne sait sur quel pied

—_; he does not know which way to turn. _Il en dansera en l’air_; he will

swing for it. _Se —_; to be danced.

=danser=, _v.a._, to dance. _— un menuet_; to dance a minuet.

=danseu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, dancer, ballet-girl. _— de corde_;

rope-dancer.

=dansotter=, _v.n._, to dance a little, to skip, to hop, to dance stiffly.

=danubien=, =-ne= (-in, -è-n), _adj._, Danubian.

=daphné=, _n.m._, (bot.) daphne.

=darce=, _n.f._ _V._ =darse=.

=dard=, _n.m._, dart; sting; (bot.) pistil. _Le — d’une abeille_; the

sting of a bee; (pisc.) dace.

=darder=, _v.a._, to dart; to shoot forth, to beam, to hurl; to spear, to

harpoon. _Le soleil darde ses rayons_; the sun darts forth his rays.

☉=dardeur=, _n.m._, shooter, dart-flinger.

=dardillon=, _n.m._, barb (of a fish-hook).

=dariole=, _n.f._, cream-cake.

=darne=, _n.f._, slice of fish.

=darse=, _n.f._, (nav.) wet-dock.

=dartre=, _n.f._, skin disease; eruption (of the skin); blotch, tetter;

herpes. _— farineuse_; pityriasis, dandriff.

=dartreu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, herpetic, scurfy, scabby.

=dartreu-x=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, person affected with skin disease;

scabby fellow.

=dataire=, _n.m._, datary (chancery officer of Rome).

=date=, _n.f._, date, period. _À courte —_; short-dated. _À longue —_;

long-dated. _Prendre —_; to fix a day. _Je suis le premier en —_; I have

the priority. _En — de_; under date of, bearing the date. _D’ancienne_,

or _de vieille_, _de longue —_; of long standing, long since.

=dater=, _v.a._, to date.

=dater=, _v.n._, to date; to date from; to form a period; to reckon. _—

de loin_; to date far back; to happen long ago. _À — de_; reckoning from.

_Se —_; to be dated.

=daterie= (da-trî), _n.f._, datary’s office.

=datif=, _n.m._, (gram.) dative, dative case.

=dati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (jur.) dative. _Tutelle —ve_; dative

guardianship.

=dation=, _n.f._, (jur.) giving. _— en payement_; giving in payment.

=datisme=, _n.m._, tautology.

=datte=, _n.f._, (bot.) date.

=dattier=, _n.m._, date-tree.

=datura=, _n.m._, (bot.) datura stramonium, thorn-apple.

=daube=, _n.f._, (cook.) stew, daube.

=dauber=, _v.a._, (pop.) to cuff, to drub; (fig.) to banter; to jeer.

=daubeur=, _n.m._, jeerer, banterer, sneerer.

=daubière=, _n.f._, long stew-pan.

=dauphin=, _n.m._, (ich.) dolphin; dauphin (eldest son of the kings of

France).

=dauphine=, _n.f._, dauphiness.

=dauphinelle=, _n.f._, (bot.) lark-spur.

=daurade=, _n.f._, (ich.) gilt head.

=d’autant=. _V._ =autant=.

=davantage=, _adv._, more; longer, further. _Pas —_; no more. _Je n’en

dirai pas —_; I shall say no more. _Je n’en sais pas —_; I know nothing

more about it. _Ne restez pas —_; do not stay any longer.

=davier=, _n.m._, dentist’s forceps; (nav.) davit.

=de=, _prep._, of, from, by, with, in, upon, out of, some, any, for, at,

to. _Un plat d’argent_; a silver dish. _De Paris à Londres_; from Paris

to London. _De près_, _de loin_; near, afar. _Faire de son mieux_; to

do one’s best. _Vivre de fruits et de légumes_; to live on fruit and

vegetables. _Sauter de joie_; to leap for joy. _Se moquer de quelqu’un_;

to laugh at any one. _Il y eut cent hommes de tués_; there were a hundred

men killed. _Il n’y a personne de blessé_; there is no one wounded. _Plus

d’effets et moins de paroles_; more deeds and fewer words. _Quelque chose

de bon_; something good. _Indigne de vivre_; unworthy to live. _Le désir

d’apprendre_; the wish to learn. _Avoir besoin d’argent_; to be in want

of money. _Qu’est-ce que de nous!_ what poor creatures we are! _L’un

d’entre eux_; one of them. _D’après l’original_; from the original. _De

chez vous_; from your house. _De par le roi_; in the king’s name. _De ce

que_; because. _Les hommes d’à-présent_ or _d’aujourd’hui_; the men of

the day. _Un coup de bâton_; a blow with a stick. _Trait de plume_; dash

of the pen. _Un coup de fusil_; a shot. _Signe de tête_; nod. _Leçons de

danse_; lessons in dancing. _Un enfant d’un bon naturel_; a good-natured

child. _Une lame d’épée_; a sword-blade. _Une prise de tabac_; a pinch

of snuff. _Un collier de perles_; a pearl necklace. _Être d’un repas_;

to make one at a banquet. _N’avez-vous point d’enfants?_ have you no

children? _Être —_; to be one of a party. [_De_ is changed into _d’_

before a vowel or silent _h_.]

=dé=, _n.m._, die (for playing); thimble; (arch.) coin, block, dado;

(nav.) cock (of blocks); (coin.) die. _— fermé_; woman’s thimble. _—

ouvert_; tailor’s thimble. _Jouer au —s_; to play at dice. _—s pipés_;

cogged or loaded dice. _Avoir le —_; to be one’s turn to play. _Flatter

le —_; to slide the dice; to soften a thing down. _À vous le —_; now it

is your turn, your throw. _Le — en est jeté_; the die is cast. _Tenir le

— de la conversation_; to engross the conversation.

=déalbation=, _n.f._, (chem.) dealbation.

=débâchage=, _n.m._, untilting, uncovering.

=débâcher=, _v.a._, to uncover, to untilt.

=débâclage=, _n.m._, clearing, opening (of a port).

=débâcle=, _n.f._, breaking up (of the ice); clearing (of a harbor);

(fig.) overthrow, shock, downfall, collapse, disaster.

=débâclement=, _n.m._, breaking up of the ice.

=débâcler=, _v.n._, to break up (of the ice).

=débâcler=, _v.a._, to clear (a harbor); to unbar (doors). _— les

bateaux_; to clear the harbor of boats. _— une porte_, _une fenêtre_; to

unbar a door, a window.

=débâcleur=, _n.m._, water _or_ port-bailiff.

=débagouler=, _v.n._, (l.ex.) to spew, to puke.

=débagouler=, _v.a._, (l.ex.) (fig.) to launch into abuse; to insult, to

abuse any one foully.

=débagouleur=, _n.m._, (l.ex.) scurrilous, foul-mouthed blabber.

=déballage=, _n.m._, unpacking (goods exposed for sale, show).

=déballer=, _v.a._, to unpack.

_à la_ =débandade=, _adv._, in confusion, helter-skelter, at sixes and

sevens. _Mettre tout à la —_; to put everything in confusion.

_à la_ =débandade=, _n.f._, rout, stampede; breaking the ranks.

=debandement= (dé-band-mān), _n.m._, disbanding; (milit.) leaving the

ranks.

=débander=, _v.a._, to unbind; to unbend, to loosen. _— un pistolet_; to

uncock a pistol. _— quelqu’un_; to take off the handkerchief tied over

any one’s eyes.

_se_ =débander=, _v.r._, to slacken _or_ grow loose, to relax; to

disband; to get uncocked (of firearms); to grow milder (of the weather).

_— l’esprit_; to relax one’s mind.

=débanquer=, _v.a._, to break the bank (at play).

=débaptiser= (dé-ba-ti-zé), _v.a._, to change the name of. _Il jugea à

propos de se —_; he thought proper to change his name.

*=débarbouiller=, _v.a._, to clean, to make clean, to wash the face.

_se_ =débarbouiller=, _v.r._, to wash one’s face; to extricate one’s self.

=débarcadère=, _n.m._, landing, landing-place, wharf, terminus, station

(of railways).

=débardage=, _n.m._, unlading (of wood).

=débarder=, _v.a._, to unlade wood; to clear a wood of the trees which

have been felled in it.

=débardeur=, _n.m._, lumper; workman who breaks up boats; wharf-porter;

lighterman; docker.

=débarqué=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, person landing. _Un nouveau —_; one

just come to town; a raw countryman.

=débarquement=, _n.m._, landing, disembarkment.

=débarquer=, _v.a._, to disembark, to land, to unship.

=débarquer=, _v.n._, to land. _Nous débarquâmes en tel endroit_; we went

ashore at such a place. _Au —_; on landing.

=débarras=, _n.m._, riddance, disencumbrance. _Bon —!_ a good riddance!

_Chambre de —_; lumber-room.

=débarrassé=, =-e=, _part._, disembarrassed; rid of, released from.

=débarrassement=, _n.m._, (l.u.) disembarrassment, clearance, riddance;

extrication.

=débarrasser=, _v.a._, to clear, to clear away, to disencumber, to rid,

to free, to disentangle, to disembarrass; to extricate.

_se_ =débarrasser=, _v.r._, to disentangle, to extricate one’s self from,

to rid one’s self of, to shake off; to get clear, to get clear of; to

clear, to be cleared (of the road, the way).

=débarrer=, _v.a._, to unbar.

=débat=, _n.m._, debate, dispute, discussion, strife, contest. _pl._,

debates; pleading, summing up. _Vider un —_; to settle a dispute. _À eux

le —_; let them settle it between them.

=débatelage=, _n.m._, unlading of boats.

=débateler=, _v.a._, to unlade boats.

=débâter=, _v.a._, to unsaddle; to take off a pack-saddle.

=débâtir=, _v.a._, to pull down; to unbaste, to untack (of garments).

=débattre=, _v.a._, to debate, to discuss, to argue.

_se_ =débattre=, _v.r._, to struggle, to strive, to flounder, to writhe;

to dispute; to be debated.

=débauche=, _n.f._, debauch; debauchery; lewdness, dissoluteness. _Aimer

la —_; to be fond of reveling.

=débauché=, _n.m._, debauchee, rake.

=débaucher=, _v.a._, to debauch; to entice away; to take away.

_se_ =débaucher=, _v.r._, to become debauched; to be led away from one’s

occupations.

=débaucheu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, debaucher, seducer.

=débet=, _n.m._, debit, balance of an account. _Être_ or _rester en —_;

to owe a balance.

=débiffé=, =-e=, _part._, discomposed, disordered, out of order. _Visage

—_; haggard countenance.

=débiffer=, _v.a._, to debilitate, to disorder, to enfeeble, to put out

of sorts. _Être tout débiffé_; to be quite out of sorts.

=débile=, _adj._, weakly, weak, feeble. _Avoir le cerveau —_; to have

weak brains. _Mémoire —_; weak memory.

=débilement= (dé-bil-mān), _adv._, feebly, weakly.

=débilitant=, _n.m._, (med.) debilitant.

=débilitant=, =-e=, _adj._, (med.) debilitating, weakening.

=débilitation=, _n.f._, debilitation, enfeebling.

=débilité=, _n.f._, debility, weakness.

=débiliter=, _v.a._, to debilitate, to enfeeble.

*=débillardement=, _n.m._, (carp.) cutting diagonally.

*=débillarder=, _v.a._, (carp.) to cut diagonally.

*=débiller=, _v.a._, to loosen horses.

=débine=, _n.f._, difficulties, poverty, straits, embarrassment, mess,

beggary. _Il est tombé dans la —_; he has fallen into poverty.

=débit=, _n.m._, sale, traffic; market; retail shop; license to sell;

delivery, utterance; debit side (book-keeping); (mus.) recitative.

_Marchandise de bon —_; goods that have a ready sale. _— de tabac_;

tobacconist’s shop. _Porter au — de quelqu’un_; to debit any one with.

_Il a un beau —_; he has a fine delivery.

=débitage=, _n.m._, cutting up (of stones, timber).

=débitant=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, retailer, dealer. _— en détail_, _en

gros_; retail, wholesale, dealer.

=débiter=, _v.a._, to sell; to retail; to give out, to spread, to report,

to utter; to debit; to cut up (wood, stone). _— en gros_, _en détail_;

to sell, wholesale, by retail. _— son rôle_; to recite one’s part. _—

des nouvelles_; to spread news.

=débit-eur=, _n.m._, =-rice=, _n.f._, debtor; seller, retailer; (jur.)

obligor. _Être — de_; to be in debt to.

=débiteur=, _adj.m._, debtor. _Compte —_; debtor’s account.

=débiteu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, prattler, newsmonger. _C’est une

grande —se de mensonges_; she is a regular fib-teller.

=débitter=, _v.a._, (nav.) to unbitt (a cable).

=déblai=, _n.m._, cutting, clearing; excavating, excavation; rubbish;

riddance. _Être en —_; to have been excavated.

=déblaiement=, =déblayement=, _n.m._, clearing, clearing away; clearance;

freeing; cutting, digging.

=déblatérer=, _v.n._, to speak against; to rail at.

=déblayer=, _v.a._, to clear away; to clear.

=déblocage=, _n.m._, (print.) turning letters.

=déblocus=, _n.m._, raising the blockade of.

=débloquer=, _v.a._, to raise a blockade; (print.) to turn letters.

=déboire=, _n.m._, after-taste; vexation; mortification; disappointment.

=déboisement=, _n.m._, clearing _or_ denudation of trees, forests.

=déboiser=, _v.a._, to clear or denude.

_se_ =déboiser=, _v.r._, to become denuded.

=déboîtement= (dé-boat-mān), _n.m._, disjointing, dislocation.

=déboîter=, _v.a._, to put out of joint, to dislocate, to disjoint.

_se_ =déboîter=, _v.r._, to be dislocated, to become disjointed.

=débonder=, _v.a._, to take the bung out of; to loosen, to unbind. _— un

étang_; to open the sluice of a pond.

_se_ =débonder=, _v.r._, to gush, to sluice out, to break out _or_ open,

to burst forth, to escape out of the bung-hole; to be relaxed (of a

person).

=débonder=, _v.n._, to escape through the bung-hole; to escape through

the sluice of a pond; to gush out.

=débondonnement=, _n.m._, unbunging.

=débondonner=, _v.a._, to take out the bung.

=débonnaire=, _adj._, good-natured; compliant, gentle, easy-tempered.

=débonnairement=, _adv._, compliantly, easily.

☉=débonnaireté=, _n.f._, compliance, meekness.

=débord=, _n.m._, edge (of a coin); ☉overflowing; ☉(med.) defluxion.

=débordé=, =-e=, _adj._, overflowed; lewd, dissolute, debauched.

=débordement=, _n.m._, overflowing, breaking out, inundation, irruption;

(fig.) dissoluteness, debauchery, lewdness; torrent, flood; (med.)

overflow.

=déborder=, _v.n._, to overflow, to run over; to project, to bag, to jut

out; (nav.) to get clear, to sheer off. _La doublure déborde_; the lining

bags. _Cette maison déborde_; that house juts out.

=déborder=, _v.a._, to take off the border; to outrun; to go beyond;

(milit.) to outflank; to edge (plumber’s business).

_se_ =déborder=, _v.r._, to overflow; to break, to burst, forth.

=débordoir=, _n.m._, edging-tool (of a plumber).

=débosseler= (dé-bos-lé), _v.a._, to take the bruises, the dents, out of.

=débotté=, _n.m._, with boots off.

=débotter=, _v.a._, to pull off boots.

_se_ =débotter=, _v.r._, to pull off one’s boots.

=débouché=, _n.m._, opening, expedient; outlet, issue; (com.) market,

sale; water-way.

=débouchement= (de-boosh-mān), _n.m._, uncorking, unstopping, outlet;

debouching; market, sale; disemboguement.

=déboucher=, _v.a._, to open; to clear; to uncork.

=déboucher=, _v.n._, to pass out; to fall into (rivers); (milit.) to

debouch; to relieve the bowels; to expand the mind. _Au — du défilé_; on

coming out of the defile.

=débouchoir=, _n.m._, lapidary’s tool.

=déboucler=, _v.a._, to unbuckle, to uncurl. _— une jument_; to unring a

mare.

*=debouilli=, _n.m._, (dy.) boiling.

*=débouillir=, _v.a._, (dy.) to boil.

=déboulonner=, _v.a._, (tech.) to unbolt, to unpin.

=débouquement= (dé-book-mān), _n.m._, (nav.) narrow channel;

disemboguement.

=débouquer=, _v.n._, (nav.) to disembogue.

=débourbage=, _n.m._, (metal.) trunking.

=débourber=, _v.a._, to cleanse; to take the mud away; (metal.) to trunk.

_— une voiture_; to draw a carriage out of the mire.

=débourgeoiser=, _v.a._, to polish, to make a lady _or_ gentleman of.

_se_ =débourgeoiser=, _v.r._, to become polished.

=débourrement= (dé-boor-mān), _n.m._, taking off the fleece.

=débourrer=, _v.a._, (man.) to break in; to worm (fire-arms); to empty (a

pipe); to polish (a person). _— un jeune homme_; to form _or_ polish a

young man. _— un cheval_; to break in a horse; to take the fleece off.

☉=débours=, _n.m._, disbursement, sum laid out.

=déboursé=, _n.m._, money laid out, disbursement, outlay.

=déboursement=, _n.m._, disbursement, outlay, expenditure.

=débourser=, _v.a._, to disburse, to expend, to lay out.

=debout=, _adv._, upright, on end; up; standing; in existence (of

things); ahead (of the wind). _Il se tient —_; he is standing up. _Être

—_; to be up, to be stirring. _Allons, —, il est déjà grand jour_; come,

get up, it is broad daylight. _Un conte à dormir —_; rigmarole. _Avoir le

vent —_; to have the wind ahead _or_ a head wind.

=débouté=, _n.m._, (jur.) dismission, setting aside, nonsuit.

=débouter=, _v.a._, (jur.) to overrule, to reject, to non-suit. _Il a été

débouté de sa demande_; his demand was rejected; he was non-suited.

=déboutonné=, =-e=, _part._, unbuttoned.

=déboutonner=, _v.a._, to unbutton.

_se_ =déboutonner=, _v.r._, to unbutton one’s self; to unbosom one’s self.

*=débraillé=, =-e=, _part._, open-breasted, loosely dressed, untidy; in

disorder. _Tout —_; all untidy.

=débraillement= _or_ =débraillé=, _n.m._, untidiness, disorder; license,

licentiousness.

*_se_ =débrailler=, _v.r._, to uncover one’s breast, to become untidy,

disordered.

=débrayage=, _n.m._, disengaging gear (motor).

=débrayer=, _v.n._, to throw out of gear, to disengage.

*=débredouiller=, _v.a._, _se —_, _v.r._, to save the lurch (backgammon).

=débridement= (dé-brid-mān), _n.m._, unbridling; despatching, hurrying

over; (surg.) relieving constriction by incision.

=débrider=, _v.a._, to unbridle; to despatch, to hurry; (surg.) to remove

constriction by incision.

=débrider=, _v.n._, to unbridle one’s horse; to halt; to stop. _Sans —_;

without stopping; at a stretch.

=débris=, _n.m._, remains, wreck, ruins; waste; rubbish.

=débrochage=, _n.m._, unstitching; unspitting.

=débrocher=, _v.a._, to unstitch, to unspit.

*=débrouillement=, _n.m._, disentangling, unravelling.

*=débrouiller=, _v.a._, to disentangle, to unravel, to clear up, to

explain.

_se_ =débrouiller=, _v.r._, to unravel; to be disentangled, to be cleared

up.

=débrutir=, _v.a._, to clear off the rough; to polish (gems).

=débrutissement= (-tis-mān), _n.m._, rough-polishing (of gems).

=débucher=, _v.n._, (hunt.) to start.

=débucher=, _v.a._, (hunt.) to dislodge, to start.

=débucher=, _n.m._, (hunt.) start. _Il se trouva au —_; he was present at

the start.

=débusquement=, _n.m._, driving out; dislodging; ousting.

=débusquer=, _v.a._, to turn out, to oust, to expel; (hunt.) to start, to

dislodge.

=début=, _n.m._, lead, first cast, _or_ throw; outset; debut; first

appearance; beginning. _Voilà un beau —_; that is a fine beginning.

=débutant=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, actor, actress, appearing for the first

time; beginner.

=débuter=, _v.n._, to lead, to play first; to begin; to open; to set out;

to make one’s first appearance. _Il a mal débuté dans le monde_; he made

a bad beginning in life.

=débuter=, _v.a._, to drive from the jack (at bowls); to drive from the

mark (at cards).

=deçà=, _prep._, this side of. _En —_, _de —_, _par —_, _la rivière_;

this side of the river. _En — de la rivière_; on this side of the river.

=deçà=, _adv._, here, on this side. _— et delà_; here and there, this

and that side, up and down. _Jambe —, jambe delà_; one leg this side, the

other that. _De —_, _par —_, _en —_; this side.

=déca= (particle used in French weights and measures) deca (ten times the

unit).

=décachetable=, _adj._, to be unsealed, opened.

=décachetage=, _n.m._, unsealing, opening.

=décacheter= (dé-kash-té), _v.a._, to unseal, to open; to break open, to

break the seal of.

=décadaire=, _adj._, having ten days, decadal.

=décade=, _n.f._, decade.

=décadenasser=, _v.a._, to unpadlock.

=décadence=, _n.f._, decay, decline, wane, downfall.

=décadi=, _n.m._, decadi (the tenth day of a decade in the calendar of

the first French Republic).

=décaèdre=, _adj._, decahedral.

=décaèdre=, _n.m._, (geom.) decahedron.

=décagone=, _n.m._, (fort., geom.) decagon.

=décagone=, _adj._, decangular, decagonal.

=décagramme=, _n.m._, decagram (5·64 drams avoirdupois).

=décaissage=, _n.m._, uncasing, unpacking.

=décaisser=, _v.a._, to take out of its box, to unpack.

=décalage=, _n.m._, unwedging.

=décaler=, _v.a._, to unwedge.

=décalitre=, _n.m._, decalitre (2·2009 gallons).

=décalogue=, _n.m._, Decalogue.

=décalquer=, _v.a._, to transfer a tracing.

=décaméron=, _n.m._, decameron.

=décamètre=, _n.m._, decameter (32·808992 feet).

=décampement= (dé-kanp-mān), _n.m._, (milit.) decampment.

=décamper=, _v.n._, (milit.) to decamp; to move off, to walk off; to pack

off, to bolt, to levant.

=décanat=, _n.m._, deanery, deanship.

=décandrie=, _n.f._, (bot.) decandria.

=décantation=, _n.f._, (chem.) decantation.

=décanter=, _v.a._, (chem.) to decant, to pour off gently.

=décanteur=, _n.m._, (chem., pharm.) decanter.

=décapage=, _n.m._, cleaning, scraping (metal).

=décaper=, _v.n._, (nav.) to double a cape.

=décaper=, _v.a._, to clean, to scrape (metal).

=décapétalé=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) having ten petals.

=décaphylle=, _adj._, (bot.) having ten leaves.

=décapitation=, _n.f._, decapitation, beheading.

=décapiter=, _v.a._, to behead, to decapitate.

=décapode=, _adj._, ten-footed, decapodal.

=décapole=, _n.f._, Decapolis.

=décarrelage=, _n.m._, unpaving.

=décarreler= (dé-kar-lé), _v.a._, to take up a floor, to unpave.

=décastère=, _n.m._, decastere (13·1 cubic yards).

=décastyle=, _n.m._, (arch.) decastyle.

=décasyllabe=, _adj._, decasyllabic.

=décatir=, _v.a._, to sponge woolen cloth.

_se_ =décatir=, _v.r._, (of cloth) to lose its gloss.

=décatissage= _n.m._, sponging.

=décatisseur=, _n.m._, sponger.

=décavé=, =-e=, _adj._, having lost one’s stake, ruined, beggared, lost

in reputation.

=décaver=, _v.a._, to win the whole of one of the players’ stakes; to

ruin, to beggar.

=décédé=, =-e=, _part._, deceased, dead.

=décédé=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, deceased; person deceased.

=décéder=, _v.n._, to die, to expire, to decease.

=déceindre=, _v.a._, to ungird, to loose a girdle.

=décèlement= (-sèl-mān), _n.m._, disclosure, betrayal.

=déceler=, _v.a._, to disclose, to reveal, to betray.

_se_ =déceler=, _v.r._, to betray one’s self.

=déceleu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, betrayer, revealer.

=décembre=, _n.m._, December.

=décemment= (dé-sa-mān), _adv._, in a decent manner, decently.

=décemvir= (-sèm-), _n.m._, decemvir.

=décemviral=, =-e=, _adj._, decemviral.

=décemvirat=, _n.m._, decemvirate.

=décence=, _n.f._, decency, propriety.

=décennal=, =-e= (-sèn-nal), _adj._, decennial.

=décent=, =-e=, _adj._, decent, becoming.

=décentralisation=, _n.f._, decentralization.

=décentraliser=, _v.a._, decentralize.

=décepti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, deceptive.

=déception=, _n.f._, deception, deceit, fraud.

=décerner=, _v.a._, to decree, to enact; to award, to bestow, to issue (a

summons). _— un mandat d’amener_; to issue a writ of arrest. _Se —_; to

be awarded, to be decreed, etc.

=décès=, _n.m._, decease, demise, death.

=décevable=, _adj._, deceivable.

=décevant=, =-e=, _adj._, deceptive.

=décevoir=, _v.a._, to deceive, to disappoint.

=déchaînement= (-shèn-mān), _n.m._, unbridling; letting loose (passions);

fury, rage, violence, exasperation, inveighing, invective.

=déchaîner=, _v.a._, to unchain; to let loose, to turn loose, to

exasperate.

_se_ =déchaîner=, _v.r._, to break loose, to free one’s self from one’s

chains, to burst upon; to run riot; to inveigh.

=déchalement=, _n.m._, lying dry; ebbing, far out.

=déchaler=, _v.a.n._, to leave bare or dry; to lie dry; to ebb far out.

=déchanter=, _v.n._, to change one’s tone, to lower one’s pretensions, to

sing another tune. _Je le ferai —_; I’ll make him sing small.

=déchaperonné=, =-e=, _adj._, (of a wall) dismantled of its coping.

=déchaperonner=, _v.a._, to unhood, to uncope.

=décharge=, _n.f._, unloading, unlading; lumber-room; discharge; release;

relief; exoneration; (jur.) defense; shower of blows; (mil.) volley,

round. _Pièce de —_; lumber-room. _Table de —_; dinner-wagon. _Témoin à

—_; witness for the defense. _Entendre les témoins à charge et à —_; to

hear witnesses for and against.

=déchargement=, _n.m._, unloading, unlading.

=décharger=, _v.a._, to unload, to unlade, to empty, to vent, to

disburden, to lighten; to discharge; to release, to set free; to

exonerate; (hort.) to prime; to dismiss. _— sa conscience_; to clear

one’s conscience. _— son cœur à quelqu’un_; to open one’s heart to any

one. _— son fusil sur quelqu’un_; to discharge one’s musket at any one.

_— sa bile_, _sa colère_, _sur quelqu’un_; to vent one’s bile, to wreak

one’s anger, upon any one. _— un accusé_; to exculpate, to discharge an

accused person. _Il a été déchargé de toute accusation_; he was entirely

exculpated.

_se_ =décharger=, _v.r._, to be unloaded, to discharge itself (liquids);

to disembogue (rivers); to free one’s self; to give vent to; to go off of

itself (of a gun); to change, to fade (of colors); to lay the blame. _Se

— d’une faute sur quelqu’un_; to shift the blame on any one.

=décharger=, _v.n._, to unload; to unlade; to come off (of ink).

=déchargeur=, _n.m._, unloader, wharf-porter, heaver, lumper.

=décharné=, =-e=, _part._, fleshless; lean, thin, spare; emaciated; (of

style) bald, meager, poor. _Visage —_; gaunt face. _Style —_; bald style.

=décharnement=, _n.m._, emaciation; leanness; poverty; (of style)

baldness.

=décharner=, _v.a._, to strip off the flesh; to impoverish, to make lean,

to emaciate; to render meager, naked.

☉=décharpir=, _v.a._, to tear into rags; to part, to separate (fighters).

=déchasser=, _v.a._, (turnery) to drive out pegs; _v.n._, (dancing) to

slide to the left.

=déchaumage=, _n.m._, (agri.) digging up the stubble; plowing up the

stubble.

=déchaumer=, _v.a._, to plow up the stubble; to break up fallow land.

=déchaussé=, =-e=, _adj._, bare-footed.

=déchaussement= (-shôs-mān), _n.m._, pulling off (shoes or stockings),

laying bare; baring (of teeth); shrinking, lancing of the gums.

=déchausser=, _v.a._, to pull off shoes and stockings; to lay bare

(trees, teeth, buildings).

_se_ =déchausser=, _v.r._, to take off one’s shoes and stockings; to

become bare (of the teeth).

=déchaussoir=, _n.m._, gum-lancet.

=déchaux=, _adj.m._, barefooted (of friars). _C’est un pied —_; he is a

low poverty-stricken fellow. _À peine de —_; under pain of forfeiture.

=dèche=, _n.f._, (pop.) destitution, beggary. _En —_; out of pocket.

=déchéance=, _n.f._, (jur.) forfeiture; fall, decay.

=déchet=, _n.m._, (com.) loss, waste.

=décheu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, needy, beggarly.

=déchevelé=, =-e=, _part._, disheveled.

=décheveler= (-shĕ-vlé), _v.a._, to dishevel. _V._ =écheveler=.

=déchevêtrer=, _v.a._, to take the halter off, to unhalter; to

disentangle, to release.

_se_ =déchevêtrer=, _v.r._, to get its halter off; to break from its

halter.

*=décheviller=, _v.a._, to unpeg, to unpin.

=déchiffrable=, _adj._, capable of being deciphered, legible,

intelligible.

=déchiffrement=, _n.m._, deciphering; reading or playing at sight.

=déchiffrer=, _v.a._, to decipher; to unravel; to make clear; to read or

play at sight.

_se_ =déchiffrer=, _v.r._, to be deciphered, to be unraveled.

=déchiffreur=, _n.m._, decipherer; player at sight.

=déchiqueté=, =-e=, _part._, (bot.) laciniate; jagged. _Feuille —e_;

jagged leaf.

=déchiqueter= (dé-shik-té), _v.a._, to cut, to slash, to mangle, to cut

in long pieces; to pink.

=déchiqueteur= (-shik-teur), _n.m._, cutter, slasher, _or_ ripper.

☉=déchiqueture= (-shik-tur), _n.f._, slashing, cutting, pinking.

=déchirage=, _n.m._, ripping up, breaking up, of a ship’s planks. _Bois

de —_; old ship-timber.

=déchirant=, =-e=, _adj._, heart-rending, harrowing, piercing;

excruciating.

=déchiré=, =-e=, _part._, torn, rent, ragged, tattered. _Être tout —_; to

be all in rags. _Chien hargneux a toujours l’oreille —e_; snarling dogs

have always sore ears.

=déchirement= (-shir-mān), _n.m._, rending, tearing; (surg.) laceration,

_pl._, (fig.) intestine broils. _— d’entrailles_; excruciating pain in

the bowels. _—s de cœur_; anguish of heart.

=déchirer=, _v.a._, to tear, to rend, to lacerate; to bespatter, to

revile, to defame. _— une plaie_; to tear open a wound. _— à coups de

fouet_; to lash to pieces. _— quelqu’un à belles dents_; to pull any one

to pieces. _— l’oreille_; to grate on the ear. _— de vieux vaisseaux_;

to rip up old vessels. _— la cartouche_; to bite the cartridge. _Être

déchiré de remords_; to be tortured with remorse. _— son prochain_; to

slander one’s neighbor.

_se_ =déchirer=, _v.r._, to tear, to be torn, to be rent; to vilify, to

abuse, to defame, each other. _Ce papier se déchire très facilement_;

this paper tears very easily. _Je sentis mon cœur —_; I felt my heart

breaking.

=déchireu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, tearer, render; breaker up, ripper

up (of boats, ships).

=déchirure=, _n.f._, rent, tear, break.

=déchoir= (déchu), _v.n._, to decay, to fall off, to decline; to forfeit,

to lose; (nav.) not to keep the right course. _— de son rang_; to fall

from one’s rank. _Il est fort déchu de sa réputation_; he is greatly

fallen in reputation. _— de ses espérances_; to be less sanguine in one’s

hopes. _Être déchu d’un droit_; to have forfeited a claim. _Commencer à

—_; to begin to fall away.

=déchouement=, _n.m._, the floating of a stranded ship.

=déchouer=, _v.a._, to get off, to set afloat.

=déchristianiser=, _v.a._, to unchristianize.

_se_ =déchristianiser=, _v.r._, to lose the character of Christian, to

fall away from Christianity.

=déchu=, =-e=, _part._, decayed, sunk, fallen. _Ange —_; fallen angel.

=déci=, particle used in French weights and measures, deci (one-tenth of

the unit).

=décidé=, =-e=, _adj._, decided, determined, resolved, resolute;

confident.

=décidément=, _adv._, decidedly, positively; actually, really; on

considération.

☉=décidence=, _n.f._, the falling of the womb.

=décider=, _v.a._, to decide, to determine, to settle, to induce, to

persuade.

=décider=, _v.n._, to decide, to determine. _Que le sort décide entre

nous_; let fortune determine between us. _Cet événement décida de mon

sort_; that event decided my fate.

_se_ =décider=, _v.r._, to decide, to determine, to resolve, to make up

one’s mind; to be decided, to be settled. _La victoire s’est décidée en

faveur de nos armes_; victory favored our arms. _Tout se décidait par

intérêt_; everything was decided by interest.

=décidu=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) deciduous.

=décigramme=, _n.m._, decigram (15·4325 grain).

=décilitre=, _n.m._, deciliter (0·176 pint).

=déciller=. _V._ =dessiller=.

=décimable=, _adj._, tithable.

=décimal=, =-e=, _adj._, decimal.

=décimateur=, _n.m._, tithe-owner.

=décimation=, _n.f._, decimation.

=décime=, _n.m._, decime, tenth part of a franc; war-tax.

=décimer=, _v.a._, to decimate (to punish every tenth soldier); to

destroy, to thin, to sweep off, to carry off, to annihilate.

=décimètre=, _n.m._, decimeter (3·937 inches).

=décimo=, _adv._, tenthly.

=décintrement=, _n.m._, (arch.) removing the centerings (of walls).

=décintrer=, _v.a._, (arch.) to remove the centers from an arch.

=décintroir=, _n.m._, (tech.) cutting-hammer.

=décirer=, _v.a._, to take the wax off. _Se —_; to become unwaxed; to

lose its wax.

=décisi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, decisive, conclusive; positive, peremptory.

_C’est un homme —_; he is a positive man. _Prendre un ton —_; to assume a

peremptory tone.

=décision=, _n.f._, decision; determination; resolution. _Une — de

droit_; a decision in law.

=décisivement= (-ziv-mān), _adv._, decisively, peremptorily, positively.

=décisoire=, _adj._, (jur.) decisory.

=décistère=, _n.m._, decistere (3·53 cubic feet).

=déciviliser=, _v.a._, to uncivilize.

=déclamateur=, _n.m._, declaimer, stump-orator. _Ce n’est qu’un —_; he is

a mere ranter.

=déclamateur=, _adj._, declamatory, stilted, bombastic. _Style —_;

high-flown style.

=déclamation=, _n.f._, declamation, elocution; manner, art of reciting,

declaiming; abuse, invective. _— oratoire_, _théâtrale_; oratorical,

theatrical elocution. _Professeur de —_; teacher of elocution. _Il s’est

livré à des —s contre sa partie adverse_; he indulged in invectives

against his adversary.

=déclamatoire=, _adj._, declamatory.

=déclamer=, _v.a._, to declaim; to recite; to spout, to mouth (out).

=déclamer=, _v.n._, to declaim; to recite; to spout, to rant, to inveigh.

=déclarat-eur=, _n.m._, =-rice=, _n.f._, declarer.

=déclarati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, declaratory.

=déclaration=, _n.f._, declaration, proclamation; disclosure;

notification; (jur.) schedule; statute (of bankruptcy); (jur.) affidavit;

verdict (of juries). _— d’entrée_, _de sortie_; declaration of goods (at

the custom-house) on entering, on leaving the town.

=déclaratoire=, _adj._, declaratory.

=déclaré=, =-e=, _adj._, declared; open; avowed; acknowledged;

recognized. _Ennemi —_; declared _or_ avowed enemy.

=déclarer=, _v.a._, to declare, to make known; to proclaim; to certify;

to denounce; to find (guilty, not guilty). _— sa volonté_; to make known

one’s will.

_se_ =déclarer=, _v.r._, to declare, to be declared, to break out, to

speak one’s mind; to declare oneself, itself; to set in (of the weather).

_La petite vérole s’est déclarée_; small-pox has broken out.

=déclasser=, _v.a._, to alter the classing of; to undervalue, to

depreciate; to strike off the rolls; to dismiss from the service.

=déclaveter=, _v.n._, to get loose (of gearing).

=déclencher=, _v.a._, to unlatch a door, to lift up the latch, to unhook,

to loosen.

=déclic=, _n.m._, (mec.) click; trigger, catch; monkey (of a pile-driver).

=déclimater=, _v.a._, to declimatize.

=déclin=, _n.m._, decline, decay; wane (of the moon); ebb; close;

main-spring (of fire-arms). _L’hiver est sur son —_; winter is drawing to

a close. _Le jour à son —_; twilight.

=déclinable=, _adj._, (gram.) declinable.

=déclinaison=, _n.f._, (gram.) declension; (astron., phys.) declination.

_— de la boussole_; variation of the compass. _— d’un cadran_;

declination of a dial.

=déclinant=, =-e=, _adj._, declining. _Cadran —_; declining dial.

=déclinatoire=, _adj._, declinatory. _Exception —_; exception.

=déclinatoire=, _n.m._, (jur.) declinatory plea, exception.

=décliner=, _v.n._, to decline; to be on the wane, to fall off; to refuse

to entertain. _Ses forces déclinent beaucoup_; his strength is fast

declining. _Ce malade décline tous les jours_; the patient is falling

away every day.

=décliner=, _v.a._, (gram.) to decline; to state. _— son nom_; to

state one’s name. _— une juridiction_; to decline, to except to, the

jurisdiction of a court of law.

=déclive=, _adj._, declivous, sloping; (surg.) dependent.

=déclivité=, _n.f._, declivity, slope.

=décloîtrer=, _v.a._, to withdraw from a convent, to uncloister; to

secularize.

_se_ =décloîtrer=, _v.r._, to leave the cloister; to return to the world;

to unfrock oneself.

=déclore=, _v.a._, to unclose, to throw open.

=déclos=, =-e=, _part._, unclosed; open.

=déclôture=, _n.f._, unclosing, opening.

=déclouer=, _v.a._, to unnail.

=décochement= (-kosh-mān), _n.m._, discharge, darting (of arrows,

shafts); shooting.

=décocher=, _v.a._, to discharge, to let fly (arrows); to let fly; to

bring out; to dart.

=décoction=, _n.f._, (pharm.) decoction.

*=décognoir=, _n.m._, (print.) shooting-stick.

=décoiffer=, _v.a._, to take off a head-dress, to undress the hair; to

take the sealing-wax off the cork of a bottle. _— St. Pierre pour coiffer

St. Paul_; to rob Peter to pay Paul.

_se_ =décoiffer=, _v.r._, to undo one’s head-dress, to take off one’s

cap. _Cet enfant se décoiffe tous jours_; that child is constantly

pulling off its cap.

=décoinçage=, _n.m._, unwedging; (rail.) unkeying, unlocking.

=décoincer=, _v.a._, to unwedge; (rail.) to unkey.

_se_ =décoincer=, _v.r._, to get unwedged.

=décollation=, _n.m._, decollation, beheading.

=décollement= (-kol-mān), _n.m._, ungluing, unpasting, coming off.

=décoller=, _v.a._, to behead; to unglue, to deglutinate; to come off the

cushion (at billiards).

_se_ =décoller=, _v.r._, to unglue, to get unglued, to come off (the

cushion).

=décolleté=, =-e=, _part._, in a low dress; (of dresses) low; (fig.)

broad, free, licentious.

=décolleter= (-kol-té), _v.a._, to uncover the neck.

_se_ =décolleter=, _v.r._, to bare one’s shoulders; to wear a low dress.

=décolleter=, _v.n._, to leave the neck bare.

=décoloration=, _n.f._, discoloration.

=décoloré=, =-e=, _part._, discolored, faded; (fig.) (of style) tame,

colorless.

=décolorer=, _v.a._, to discolor, to take away the color of, to change

from the natural hue of.

_se_ =décolorer=, _v.r._, to lose one’s _or_ its color; to become

discolored, to fade. _Ces roses se décolorent_; these roses are losing

their color.

=décombler=, _v.a._, to empty.

=décombrer=, _v.a._, to clear away rubbish from, to clear.

=décombres=, _n.m.pl._, rubbish, ruins.

=décommander=, _v.a._, to countermand.

_se_ =décommander=, _v.r._, to be countermanded.

=décompléter=, _v.a._, to render incomplete.

=décomposable=, _adj._, decomposable; decompoundable.

=décomposé=, =-e=, _part._, decomposed; decomposite. _Un visage —_; a

distorted countenance.

=décomposer=, _v.a._, to decompose, to discompose, to distort; to

decompound. _La terreur décompose le visage_; terror distorts the face.

_se_ =décomposer=, _v.r._, to decompose, to become decomposed; to be

distorted.

=décomposition=, _n.f._, decomposition, analysis; discomposition.

=décompte= (dé-kont), _n.m._, deduction; allowance; deficiency; drawback;

disappointment. _Trouver du —_; to be disappointed.

=décompter= (dé-kon-té), _v.a._, to deduct; to reckon off.

=décompter=, _v.n._, to reckon off; to be disappointed; to lose one’s

illusions.

=déconcerté=, =-e=, _adj._, disconcerted.

=déconcerter=, _v.a._, to disconcert, to confuse, to foil, to baffle.

_se_ =déconcerter=, _v.r._, to be disconcerted or put out; to be confused.

=déconclure=, _v.a._, to annul, to break off.

=déconfire=, _v.a._, to discomfit; to nonplus; to do for.

=déconfiture=, _n.f._, discomfiture; havoc; overthrow, break-down; (jur.)

insolvency.

=déconfort=, _n.m._, discomfort, sorrow, distress.

=déconforter=, _v.a._, to discomfort, to grieve, to distress.

*=déconseiller=, _v.a._, to dissuade.

=déconsidération=, _n.f._, disrepute; disesteem, discredit.

=déconsidéré=, =-e=, _adj._, sunk into disrepute, discredited.

=déconsidérer=, _v.a._, to bring into disrepute, to discredit.

_se_ =déconsidérer=, _v.r._, to fall, to sink, into disrepute.

=déconstruire=, _v.a._, to take to pieces; to unbuild, to demolish, to

pull down; to decompose; (gram.) to construct badly. _— des vers_; to

turn verse into prose.

=décontenancé=, =-e=, _part._, out of countenance, abashed.

=décontenancer=, _v.a._, to abash, to put out of countenance.

_se_ =décontenancer=, _v.r._, to be put out of countenance, to be abashed.

=déconvenue=, _n.f._, discomfiture, disaster, mishap, failure.

=décor=, _n.m._, decoration, ornamental painting; (paint.) graining.

_pl._, (theat.) scenery. _— en bois_; graining in imitation of wood.

_Peintre en —s_; grainer.

=décorateur=, _n.m._, ornamental painter, decorator; scene-painter;

grainer.

=décorati-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, decorative, ornamental.

=décoration=, _n.f._, decoration, embellishment; star; star of the order

of the Legion of Honor. _pl._, scenery. _Porter une —_; to wear the star

of an order.

=décorder=, _v.a._, to untwist, to untwine.

=décoré=, =-e=, _part._, knighted; decorated; wearing the insignia of

some order of knighthood.

=décoré=, _n.m._, knight; knight of the Legion of Honor.

=décorer=, _v.a._, to decorate, to ornament, to adorn; to dignify; to

trim; to set off; to confer (titles, honors); to confer the knighthood of

the Legion of Honor; to paint. _— d’un ordre_; to confer an order. _Se —

d’un titre_; to assume a title.

=décorner=, _v.a._, to unhorn. _— un livre_; to undo the dog’s ear of. _—

une carte_; to turn the corner of.

=décortication=, _n.f._, stripping off bark, decortication; pulping,

husking, barking.

=décortiquer=, _v.a._, to decorticate, to bark, to husk.

=décorum= (-rom), _n.m._, decorum, propriety, decency. _Observer le —_;

to observe proprieties. _C’est pour garder le —_; it is for decency’s

sake. _Blesser le —_; to offend against the laws of decorum.

=découcher=, _v.n._, to sleep out; to stay out all night.

=découcher=, _v.a._, to turn out of bed.

=découdre=, _v.a._, to unsew, to unstitch, to rip up.

_se_ =découdre=, _v.r._, to come unsewed, unstitched.

=découdre=, _v.n._, to contend. _Ils veulent en —_; they are bent on

coming to blows, or fighting it out.

=découlant=, =-e=, _adj._, flowing, running.

=découlement= (-kool-mān), _n.m._, flowing, running, dropping, trickling.

=découler=, _v.n._, to trickle, to flow, to run; to spring from, to

proceed. _La sueur découlait de son visage_; the perspiration was running

down his face. _C’est de Dieu que les grâces découlent_; all blessings

flow from God.

=découpage=, _n.m._, (tech.) cutting out, carving out. _— à

l’emporte-pièce_; punching.

=découpé=, =-e=, _part._, (paint.) cut out; (bot.) cut; standing out,

defined, sharp, clear (of a landscape).

=découpé=, _n.m._, (hort.) mingled bed, parterre.

=découper=, _v.a._, to cut into pieces, into shreds; to cut up, to carve;

to pink, to slash; to cut out. _— un poulet_; to carve a fowl. _— une

jupe_; to slash a petticoat. _— des figures_; to cut out figures.

_se_ =découper=, _v.r._, to stand out, to show up against.

=découpeu-r=, _n.m._, =-se=, _n.f._, carver, pinker, cutter.

=découple= _or_ =découpler=, _n.m._, (hunt.) uncoupling, unleashing of

dogs.

=découplé=, =-e=, _part._, uncoupled; strapping. _C’est un gaillard bien

—_; he is a strapping fellow. _Une fille bien —e_; a well-set girl.

=découpler=, _v.a._, to uncouple, to unleash, to let loose.

=découpoir=, _n.m._, (tech.) punch, stamping-machine, stamping press;

butler’s tray.

=découpure=, _n.f._, cutting out, pinking, work cut out; cut paper-work.

=décourageant=, =-e= (-jān, -t), _adj._, discouraging, disheartening.

=découragement= (-raj-mān), _n.m._, discouragement; despondency. _Tomber

dans le —_; to become discouraged.

=décourager=, _v.a._, to discourage, to dishearten, to daunt, to deter.

_se_ =décourager=, _v.r._, to be discouraged, disheartened. _Il y a de

quoi se —_; it is enough to dishearten one.

=décourant=, =-e=, _adj._ _V._ =décurrent=.

=décourber=, _v.a._, to unyoke barge horses; to unbend, to straighten.

=découronner=, _v.a._, to discrown, to lay bare. _— une hauteur_; to

sweep the top of a hill (of troops).

=décours=, _n.m._, decrease; wane (of the moon).

=décousu=, =-e=, _part._, _adj._, unsewed, unstitched, ripped; (of style,

etc.) desultory, loose, unconnected. _Style —_; desultory style. _Des

idées —es_; unconnected ideas.

=décousure=, _n.f._, seam-rent; (hunt.) gash (by a wild boar).

=découvert=, =-e=, _part._, uncovered, detected, plain; discovered,

open; unguarded; undecked (of boats). _Une allée —e_; an open walk. _Un

pays —_; an open country. _À —_; in the open, exposed to the fire of the

enemy; unprotected; barefaced; (com.) overdrawn. _Être à —_; (com.) to

have no security, to be unsecured; to be overdrawn.

=découvert=, _n.m._, (com.) uncovered balance, overdraft, deficit.

=découverte=, _n.f._, discovery, detection; (nav.) lookout; (milit.)

reconnoitering. _Aller à la —_; to scout. _Envoyer à la — de_; to send to

reconnoiter.

=découvreur=, _n.m._, discoverer.

=découvrir=, _v.a._, to uncover, to expose, to lay bare, to bare, to

unmuffle, to unroof; to see, to spy out, to discover, to disclose; to

unveil; to find out, to descry, to discern; to detect. _— les racines

d’un arbre_; to lay bare the roots of a tree. _— son jeu_; to show one’s

cards; to betray oneself. _Je lui ai découvert mon cœur_; I opened my

heart to him. _— une mine d’or_; to discover a gold mine. _— le pot aux

roses_; to find out the intrigue, the mystery.

_se_ =découvrir=, _v.r._, to uncover oneself, to unbosom oneself; to

expose oneself; to be detected; to make oneself known, to betray oneself;

to clear up (of the sky).

=décramponner=, _v.a._, to uncramp, to loosen.

_se_ =décramponner=, _v.r._, to let go one’s hold.

=décrasse-peigne=, _n.m._, comb-cleaner, comb-brush.

=décrasser=, _v.a._, to take off the dirt, to clean, to scour, to polish.

_— la tête_; to clean the head. _Il faut — ce jeune homme_; that young

man requires brushing up.

_se_ =décrasser=, _v.r._, to wash, to clean oneself; to polish oneself,

to become polished.

=décréditement= (-dit-mān), _n.m._, discrediting, discredit; disrepute.

=décréditer=, _v.a._, to discredit, to disgrace, to bring into discredit

_or_ disrepute.

_se_ =décréditer=, _v.r._, to sink into discredit, to lose one’s credit

_or_ reputation.

=décrépi=, =-e=, _adj._, unplastered.

=décrépir=, _v.a._, (mas.) to unplaster.

=décrépissage=, _n.m._, (mas.) unplastering.

=décrépit=, =-e=, _adj._, decrepit, broken-down.

=décrépitation=, _n.f._, decrepitation, crackling.

=décrépiter=, _v.n._, to decrepitate, to crackle.

=décrépitude=, _n.f._, decrepitude.

=décret=, _n.m._, decree, fiat, order, enactment; ☉(jur.) writ; order in

council.

=décrétale=, _n.f._, decretal.

=décréter=, _v.a._, to decree, to order, to enact; ☉(jur.) to issue a

writ against.

=décreusage=, _n.m._, ungumming (of silk).

=décreuser=, _v.a._, to ungum.

=décri=, _n.m._, crying down, prohibition; disrepute, discredit.

=décrier=, _v.a._, to decry, to cry down, to run down; to discredit, to

bring into disrepute.

_se_ =décrier=, _v.r._, to bring one’s self into disrepute; to cry one

another down.

=décrire=, _v.a._, to describe, to trace, to draw.

_se_ =décrire=, _v.r._, to be described.

=décrocher=, _v.a._, to unhook, to take down.

_se_ =décrocher=, _v.r._, to become unhooked.

=décroire=, _v.a._, to disbelieve, to discredit.

=décroisement=, _n.m._, uncrossing.

=décroiser=, _v.a._, to uncross.

=décroissance=, _n.f._ _V._ =décroissement=.

=décroissant=, =-e=, _adj._, decreasing, diminishing; decrescent; (math.)

descending.

=décroissement= (-kroas-mān), _n.m._, decrease, diminution, wane.

=décroître=, _v.n._, to decrease, to diminish, to wane; to draw in (of

days); to come down (in life).

=décrottage=, _n.m._, cleaning of boots, trowsers.

=décrotter=, _v.a._, to rub off the dirt, to clean, to brush off.

_se_ =décrotter=, _v.r._, to clean or brush one’s self.

=décrotteur=, _n.m._, shoe-boy, shoe-black.

=décrottoir=, _n.m._, a scraper (for shoes).

=décrottoire=, _n.f._, shoe-brush, hard brush.

=décrue=, _n.f._, decrease; fall (of water). _La crue et la — de l’eau_;

the rise and fall of water.

=décruer=, _v.a._, (dy.) to scour (silk).

=décrûment=, _n.m._, (dy.) scouring.

=décrusement= _or_ =décrusage=, _n.m._, (dy.) ungumming.

=décruser=, _v.a._, to ungum.

=déçu=, =-e=, _part._, deceived; frustrated.

=décuire=, _v.a._, to thin (syrup). _Ce sirop est trop épais, il faut le

—_; this syrup is too thick, it must be thinned.

=déculassement=, _n.m._, unbreeching.

=déculasser=, _v.a._, to unbreech (a gun).

=décuple=, _adj._, tenfold, decuple.

=décuple=, _n.m._, decuple, tenfold. _Il a gagné le — de ce qu’il avait

avancé_; he has gained ten times as much as he laid out.

=décupler=, _v.a._, to increase tenfold.

=décurie=, _n.f._, (antiq.) decury.

=décurion=, _n.m._, (antiq.) decurion.

=décurrent=, =-e=, _adj._, (bot.) decurrent.

=décursi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, decursive.

=décussation=, _n.f._, decussation.

=décuvage=, _n.m._, _or_ =décuvaison=, _n.f._, tunning (of wine).

=décuver=, _v.a._, to tun.

*=dédaigner=, _v.a._, to disdain, to scorn, to despise, to slight, to

disregard, to turn up one’s nose at.

*=dédaigneusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, disdainfully, scornfully.

*=dédaigneu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, disdainful, scornful; regardless, careless

of. _Faire le —_; to turn up one’s nose at.

=dédain=, _n.m._, disdain, scorn, disregard. _Prendre en —_; to conceive

a dislike for.

=dédale=, _n.m._, labyrinth, maze.

=dédamer=, _v.n._, to displace a man (at draughts). _v.a._, to uncrown a

king.

=dedans=, _adv._, within, in; inside. _Il est là-dedans_; he is within.

_En —_; on the inside, within. _Sa porte était fermée en —_; his door was

fastened inside. _Donner —_; to fall into the trap. _Être —_; to be in

for it. _Mettre quelqu’un —_; to take any one in. _Se mettre —_; to get

taken in, to get into a scrape. _De —_; from within. _Par —_; within,

inside. _Être tout en —_; to be uncommunicative, reticent, close.

=dedans=, _n.m._, inside; interior. _Du — au dehors_; from within

outwards. _Au — et au dehors_; at home and abroad.

=dédicace=, _n.f._, dedication, consecration; inscription.

=dédicatoire=, _adj._, dedicatory.

=dédier=, _v.a._, to dedicate, to consecrate; to devote; to inscribe.

=dédire=, _v.a._, to gainsay, to unsay, to contradict, to disown.

_se_ =dédire=, _v.r._, to recant, to retract, to unsay what one has said;

to go back from one’s word, to recede. _Se — de sa promesse_; to revoke

one’s promise. _Il ne peut s’en —_; he cannot go back on it _or_ back out

of it.

=dédit=, _n.m._, unsaying; forfeit, forfeiture; retraction; deed

stipulating forfeiture. _Au — de_; on the forfeiture of. _Avoir son dit

et son —_; to say yes one day and no the next.

=dédommagement= (-maj-mān), _n.m._, indemnification; compensation,

damages, amends, indemnity.

=dédommager=, _v.a._, to indemnify, to make amends, to make good; to

compensate, to make up for.

_se_ =dédommager=, _v.r._, to indemnify one’s self, to recoup one’s self.

=dédorer=, _v.a._, to ungild. _Jeunesse dédorée_; degenerate youth.

_se_ =dédorer=, _v.r._, to lose its gilt (of metal, etc.).

=dédoublé=, _n.m._, diluted alcohol.

=dédoublement= _or_ =dédoublage=, _n.m._, dividing into two; unlining;

diluting.

=dédoubler=, _v.a._, to take out the lining; to divide into two; to

dilute; (nav.) to unsheath (a vessel). _— une pierre_; to cut a stone

into two parts lengthwise.

_se_ =dédoubler=, _v.r._, to become unlined, to be unfolded; to be

divided into two; to be diluted; (nav.) to be unsheathed.

=déduction=, _n.f._, deduction; set off; inference; taking from,

defalcation; (obsol.) enumeration, recital.

=déduire= (déduisant, déduit), _v.a._, to take from, to deduct, to

subtract; to draw from, to deduce, to infer.

☉=déduit=, _n.m._, amusement, pleasure, pastime.

=déesse=, _n.f._, goddess, female deity.

=défâcher=, _v.a._, to pacify.

_se_ =défâcher=, _v.r._, to be pacified or pleased again, to cool down;

to cease to be angry. _S’il est fâché, qu’il se défâche_; if he is angry,

let him cool down again.

=défaçonner=, _v.a._, to put out of shape; to spoil any one’s manners.

_se_ =défaçonner=, _v.r._, to get out of shape; to lose one’s good

manners.

*=défaillance=, _n.f._, fainting fit, swoon; exhaustion; extinction (of

a family); ☉(chem.) deliquescence. _Tomber en —_; to fall into a swoon;

(jur.) default.

*=défaillant=, _n.m._, =-e=, _n.f._, (jur.) defaulter.

*=défaillant=, =-e=, _adj._, falling off; decaying; without heirs; weak,

feeble; faltering, unsteady.

*=défaillir=, _v.n._, to grow faint and weak, to fail, to sink; to decay;

to swoon, to faint away. _Ses forces défaillent tous les jours_; his

strength fails him every day. _Il se sent —_; he feels himself sinking.

_Je me sentis —_; I felt I was going to faint.

=défaire=, _v.a._, to undo, to unmake; to take asunder; to unpin; to

unrip; to unknit; to make away with; to defeat, to rout; to eclipse, to

obscure; to emaciate, to make lean, to waste; to discompose, to alter; to

free, to deliver, to rid. _— une malle_; to unpack a trunk. _— un nœud_;

to untie a knot. _Sa maladie l’a bien défait_; his illness has given

him a worn appearance. _Défaites-moi de cet importun_; rid me of that

troublesome fellow. _— un marché_, _— un mariage_; to annul, break off, a

bargain, a marriage.

_se_ =défaire=, _v.r._, to rid one’s self, to get rid of, to get quit of,

to ease one’s self of, to make away, to forsake, to leave off; to come

undone, to become loose; to lose strength and quality (of wine). _Se —

de son ennemi_; to dispatch one’s enemy. _Se — d’un vice_; to throw off

a vice. _Se — d’une mauvaise habitude_; to break one’s self of a bad

habit. _Défaites-vous de vos préjugés_; shake off your prejudices. _Se

— de sa marchandise_; to sell off one’s wares. _Se — d’un bénéfice_; to

give up a living. _Se — d’un cheval_; to part with a horse. _Se — d’un

domestique_; to discharge a servant. _Ce vin se défait_; this wine is

losing its flavor.

=défait=, =-e=, _part._, undone, defeated; meager, lean, wasted; pale;

worn out, wan.

=défaite=, _n.f._, defeat, overthrow; (com.) sale; evasion, shift,

put-off, sham, pretense. _Ces marchandises-là sont de bonne —_; those

goods command a ready sale. _La — est ingénieuse_; that is an ingenious

evasion. _C’est une —_; that is a mere put-off.

=défalcation=, _n.f._, defalcation, deduction.

=défalquer=, _v.a._, to take off, to defalcate, to deduct.

=défausser=, _v.a._, to straighten.

_se_ =défausser=, _v.r._, (at cards) to get rid of useless cards, or to

play a card of another suit.

=défaut=, _n.m._, defect; fault; flaw, blemish; want; shortcoming;

default. _Chacun a ses —s_; every one has his defects. _Il n’y a personne

sans —_; there is no man but has his faults. _Cette pièce de porcelaine

a un —_; there is a flaw in that piece of china. _Le — de blé_, _de

subsistances_; want of corn, of victuals. _C’est là le — de la cuirasse_;

that’s his weak point. _Condamner par —_; to cast for non-appearance.

_Jugement par —_; judgment by default. _Les chiens sont en —_; the hounds

have lost the scent. _Trouver quelqu’un en —_; to find any one at fault.

_Mettre quelqu’un en —_; to baffle, to foil any one, to throw off the

scent. _Au —_, _à — de_; in default of, for want of. _Faire —_; to be

wanting; to fail; to be missed.

=défaveur=, _n.f._, disfavor, disgrace, discredit.

=défavorable=, _adj._, unfavorable, disparaging.

=défavorablement=, _adv._, unfavorably; disparagingly.

=défécation=, _n.f._, (pharm.) defecation. _Matière à —_; temper (of

sugar).

=défecti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, (gram.) defective.

=défection=, _n.f._, defection, falling off, disloyalty.

=défectivité=, _n.f._, (gram.) defectiveness.

=défectueusement= (-eûz-mān), _adv._, defectively.

=défectueu-x=, =-se=, _adj._, defective, imperfect.

=défectuosité=, _n.f._, defect, imperfection, flaw.

=défendable=, _adj._, defensible, tenable.

=défendant=, _part._, defending. _Il l’a tué à son corps —_; he killed

him in self-defense. _Faire une chose à son corps —_; to do a thing

reluctantly, in self-defense.

=défende-ur=, _n.m._, =-resse=, _n.f._, (jur.) defendant; respondent.

=défendre=, _v.a._, to defend, to protect; to shelter, to shield, to

support, to uphold, to vindicate; to forbid, to prohibit. _— son ami_;

to defend one’s friend. _On a défendu le port des armes_; the carrying

of arms is prohibited. _La raison nous défend de faire une injustice_;

reason forbids us to do an injustice. _— sa maison à quelqu’un_; to

forbid any one the house.

=défendre=, _v.n._, (jur.) to defend. _Il a été condamné faute de —_; he

was cast for want of being defended; (nav.) to fend off.

_se_ =défendre=, _v.r._, to defend one’s self; to excuse one’s self from

doing a thing; to clear one’s self; to deny a thing; to keep, to shield

one’s self from; to help, to forbear. _Cet accusé a voulu se — lui-même_;

that prisoner wanted to conduct his own defense. _Il ne peut se — de tant

de reproches_; he cannot clear himself from so many imputations. _Ne pas

s’en —_; to acknowledge, admit anything. _Je ne m’en défends pas_; I

admit it, own it.

=défens=, _n.m._, (forestry) defense (of forests).

=défendures=, _n.f.pl._, hurdles, fences.

=défense=, _n.f._, defense, protection; prohibition, interdiction;

apology, vindication, justification; warning, notice; task; (nav.)

fender; skid; boom. _pl._, (fort.) outwork, defense; tusk, fang (of

boars); tusk (elephants). _Se mettre en —_; to stand upon one’s defense.

_Être hors de —_; not to be in a condition to defend one’s self. _Bois

en —_; a wood so far grown that cattle may be let into it without danger

to the trees. _Cordes de —_; fenders of junk _or_ old cable. _Faire —_;

to forbid, to prohibit. _Preuves alléguées pour la — d’une cause_; plea.

_Donner ses —s_; to answer. _Arrêt de —_; decree to suspend the execution

of a former decree. _Armé_, _muni_, _de —s_; tusked, fanged (of boars,

elephants). _— d’entrer_; no admittance except on business. _— de fumer_;

no smoking allowed. _— d’uriner_; commit no nuisance.

=défenseur=, _n.m._, defender, supporter, vindicator, advocate; defender,

counsel. _Un — nommé d’office_; a defender appointed by the court.

=défensi-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, defensive.

=défensive=, _n.f._, safeguard, defensive. _Se tenir sur la —_; to stand

upon the defensive.

=déféquer=, _v.a._, to defecate.

=déférant=, =-e=, _adj._, complying, condescending, yielding.

=déférence=, _n.f._, deference, regard, respect.

=déférent=, _adj.m._, deferent. _Cercle —_; (anc. astron.) deferent.

_Canal —_; (anat.) deferent.

=déférer=, _v.a._, to confer, to bestow; to tender, to inform against.

_— le serment à quelqu’un_; to tender an oath to, to bring before any

one, to put any one on his oath. _— quelqu’un en justice_; to impeach any

one in court. _— quelqu’un à l’inquisition_; to report any one to the

inquisition.

=déférer=, _v.n._, to defer, to yield, to comply, to condescend. _—

aux sentiments des autres_; to defer to the sentiments of others. _— à

quelqu’un_; to pay deference to one.

=déferler=, _v.a._, (nav.) to unfurl.

=déferler=, _v.n._, to break into foam, to roll in (of the sea). _La lame

déferle_; the wave bursts into foam, rolls in shore.

=déferrer=, _v.a._, to unshoe (a horse); to nonplus, to confound.

_se_ =déferrer=, _v.r._, to come off, to fall off, to lose a shoe; to be

nonplused _or_ confounded. _Mon lacet se déferre_; the tag is coming off

my lace.

=défet=, _n.m._, waste sheet (in bookselling).

*=défeuillaison=, _n.f._, defoliation.

*=défeuiller=, _v.a._, to take off the leaves. _Le vent a défeuillé les

arbres_; the wind has blown off the leaves.

_se_ =défeuiller=, _v.r._, to lose, to shed their leaves (of trees). _Les

arbres se défeuillent_; the trees are losing, shedding their leaves.

=défi=, _n.m._, defiance, challenge. _Un cartel de —_; a written

challenge. _Envoyer un — à quelqu’un_; to send any one a challenge.

_Je lui ai fait un — aux échecs_; I challenged him to a game at chess.

_Mettre au —_; to set at defiance.

=défiance=, _n.f._, distrust, mistrust; diffidence, caution. _Concevoir

de la —_; to entertain distrust. _Être dans la —_; to have one’s

misgivings. _Une sotte — le retient_; he is held back by a foolish

diffidence.

=défiant=, =-e=, _adj._, distrustful, mistrustful, suspicious.

=déficient=, =-e=, _adj._, (arith.) deficient.

=déficit= (-sit), _n.m._, deficit, deficiency. _Combler le —_; to make up

the deficit.

=défier=, _v.a._, to defy, to challenge; to brave, to face, to dare; to

set at defiance. _— quelqu’un au trictrac_; to challenge any one to play

at backgammon. _— les dangers_, to face dangers. _Il ne faut jamais — un

fou_; never bid defiance to a madman. _Je vous défie de m’en donner la

preuve_; I defy you to give me a proof of it.

=défier=, _v.n._, (nav.) to bear off, to fend.

_se_ =défier=, _v.r._, to defy, to challenge, each other; to distrust, to

mistrust; to suspect. _Je me défie de cet homme_; I distrust that man.

_Se — de ses forces_; to distrust one’s own strength. _Se — de soi-même_;

to distrust one’s self.

=défigurement=, _n.m._, disfigurement; defacement.

=défigurer=, _v.a._, to disfigure, to mar, to distort, to spoil. _La

petite vérole l’a tout défiguré_; the small-pox has quite disfigured him.

_— la vérité_; to distort the truth.

_se_ =défigurer=, _v.r._, to disfigure one’s self, to become disfigured,

to become deformed.

=défilade=, _n.f._, filing past; going off _or_ past; marching past.

=défilé=, _n.m._, defile, narrow pass; strait, difficulty; (milit.)

defiling, filing off _or_ past, marching past. _Je ne vois aucun moyen de

sortir de ce —_; I see no way of getting out of this difficulty.

=défilement=, _n.m._, filing off, marching past _or_ going past; (fort.)

defilading.

=défiler=, _v.a._, to unstring, to unthread; to untwist. _— des perles_;

to unstring pearls. _— son chapelet_; to say all one has to say (on

a subject). _Elle a défilé son chapelet_; she has given up devotion.

_Le chapelet se défile_; the association is falling to pieces. _— un

ouvrage_; (fort.) to defilade.

=défiler=, _v.n._, to defile, to file off, march past, go past. _Les

soldats ne pouvaient — que deux à deux_; the soldiers could only go past

two by two.

=défiler=, _n.m._, (milit., l.u.) filing off, marching past.

=défini=, _n.m._, the definite.

=défini=, =-e=, _part._, determined, definite, defined. _Nombre —_;

definite number.

=définir=, _v.a._, to define, to determine; to decide; to explain, to

describe. _— une personne_; to give an idea of a person. _Se —_; to be

defined, to be determined, to be made out.

=définissable=, _adj._, definable.

=définisseur=, _n.m._, definer.

=définiteur=, _n.m._, definitor (in convents).

=définiti-f=, =-ve=, _adj._, definitive, final; ultimate, eventual,

peremptory, positive. _En —ve_; definitively, after all, in short. _En

—ve, que voulez-vous?_ in a word, what do you want?

=définition=, _n.f._, definition; decision, determination. _Faire une —_;

to give a definition.

=définitivement= (-tiv-mān), _adv._, definitively, positively, decidedly,

ultimately, eventually.

=définitoire=, _n.m._, chapter (of monks).

=déflagration=, _n.f._, (chem.) deflagration.

=défléchi=, =-e=, _adj._, turned aside, deflected.

=défléchir=, _v.n._, to turn from _or_ aside, to deflect.

_se_ =défléchir=, _v.r._, to deflect.

=déflegmation=, _n.f._, (chem.) dephlegmation.

=déflegmer=, _v.a._, (chem.) to dephlegmate.

=défleuraison=, _n.f._, fall of the blossom.

=défleurir=, _v.n._, to shed blossoms.

=défleurir=, _v.a._, to nip or strip off blossoms; to take off the bloom

of fruit (by handling it).

=déflexion=, _n.f._, (phys.) deviation, deflection.

=défloration=, _n.f._, defloration.

=déflorer=, _v.a._, to deflour, to deflower. _— un sujet_; to take the

freshness off a subject.