[1] _Advenir_ is more often used.
[2] The verb _faire_ is generally used to conjugate this verb; as,
_faire bouillir_, &c., except in 3d pers. singular and plural when used
“_directly_”: As, l’eau bout-elle? does the water boil? Ces pommes de
terre bouillent-elles? Do these potatoes boil?
[3] The imperfect of the indicative, _je défaillais_, is used.
[4] This verb is seldom used but in the preterit, the compound tenses,
and in the infinitive after another verb.
[5] The infinitive is only used in the phrase _sans coup férir_, without
striking a blow.
[6] The imperfect of the indicative, _je gisais_, &c., is used.
[7] This verb is seldom used but in the infinitive present, and in the
compound tenses.
[8] Used only in familiar conversation, and in the infinitive after
_aller_, _venir_, _envoyer_.
[9] Used only in the third persons. When it means “to gush,” or (of a
horse) to serve a mare, it is conjugated like _finir_.
[10] Used as a law term only.
[11] Seldom used but in the infinitive.
[12] Used as a law term only.
[13] Used as a law term only.
[14] Imperfect of the indicative: _je déchoyais_, &c.
[15] Used generally in the third person only.
[16] _Il fallait_ is used. No imperative.
[17] _Je peux_ is also used. No imperative.
[18] Only used in the infinitive, in the compound tenses, and in the
imperfect of the subjunctive.
[19] Used in the infinitive only.
[20] Imperative: _sache_, _sachons_, _sachez_. _Je ne sache_ is
rhetorically used in the first person of the indicative present. Ex.:
“_Je ne sache rien de plus grand et de plus beau_” (V. Hugo). The
imperfect of the indicative is _je savais_, &c.
[21] Used in the third person only. No compound tenses.
[22] Used in the two participles only.
[23] No imperative.
[24] The second person plural of the imperative is _veuillez_, please to.
[25] Used only in the infinitive, and always with the verb _faire_.
[26] Imperfect of the indicative _il bruyait_, _ils bruyaient_.
[27] Used in all the compound tenses.
[28] Used in painting only.
[29] Used only in the infinitive and compound tenses.
[30] The verb _faire_ is used to supply the persons and tenses that are
wanting; as, _nous faisons frire_, &c.
LIST OF IRREGULAR AND DEFECTIVE VERBS, CONJUGATED AFTER THE VERBS IN THE
FOREGOING TABLE.
_Conjugated like_
_FIRST CONJUGATION._
Renvoyer to send back envoyer.
s’En aller to go away aller.
_SECOND CONJUGATION._
Conquérir to conquer}
Reconquérir to reconquer}
Requérir to request} acquérir.
s’Enquérir to inquire}
Tressaillir to start up assaillir.
Rebouillir to boil again bouillir.
Accourir to hasten to}
Concourir to concur}
Discourir (de) to talk about}
Encourir to incur} courir.
Parcourir to run over}
Recourir (à) to have recourse to}
Secourir to succor}
Accueillir to welcome}
Recueillir to gather} cueillir.
se Recueillir to collect one’s self}
Endormir to lull asleep}
s’Endormir to fall asleep}
Rendormir to lull to sleep again} dormir.
se Rendormir to fall asleep again}
s’Enfuir to run away fuir.
Couvrir to cover}
Découvrir to uncover, to discover}
Entr’ouvrir to open a little}
Mésoffrir to underbid}
Offrir to offer} ouvrir.
Recouvrir to cover again}
Rouvrir to open again}
Souffrir to suffer}
Consentir to agree}
se Départir (de) to desist, to swerve(from)}
Démentir to belie}
Mentir to lie}
Partir to set out}
Pressentir to foresee} sentir.
Repartir to set off again}
se Repentir to repent}
Ressentir to feel}
se Ressentir (de) to feel}
Ressortir to go out again}
Sortir to go out}
Desservir to clear the table, to do an ill office} servir.
se Servir (de) to make use of}
s’Abstenir to abstain}
Appartenir to belong to}
Circonvenir to circumvent}
Contenir to contain}
se Contenir to refrain (from)}
Contrevenir to infringe}
Convenir to suit (with _avoir_), to agree}
(with _être_ in comp’d tenses)}
Déprévenir to divest of (prejudice)}
Devenir to become}
Disconvenir to deny}
Entretenir to entertain}
s’Entretenir to discourse with}
Intervenir to intervene}
Maintenir to maintain} tenir.
Obtenir to obtain}
Parvenir to arrive}
Prévenir to prepossess, to forewarn}
Provenir to proceed from}
Redevenir to become again}
Retenir to retain}
se Retenir (de) to forbear}
Revenir to come back}
se Ressouvenir (de) to remember}
se Souvenir (de) to recollect}
Soutenir to maintain}
Subvenir (à) to provide for}
Survenir to happen, to befall}
Venir to come}
Dévêtir to undress}
se Dévêtir to divest one’s self}
Revêtir (de) to clothe, to dress} vêtir.
se Vêtir to clothe one’s self}
_THIRD CONJUGATION._
s’Asseoir to sit down}
Rasseoir to place down again} asseoir.
se Rasseoir to sit down again}
Rechoir to fall again choir.
Émouvoir to move, to stir up}
s’Émouvoir to be moved, to be concerned} mouvoir.
Dépourvoir to leave unprovided pourvoir.
Équivaloir to be equivalent}
Revaloir to return like for like} prévaloir.
se Prévaloir (de) to take advantage (of)}
Messeoir to be unbecoming seoir.
Entrevoir to catch a glimpse of}
s’Entrevoir to see each other} voir.
Revoir to see again}
_FOURTH CONJUGATION._
Dissoudre to dissolve, to melt absoudre.
Abattre to pull down}
s’Abattre to fall down}
se Battre to fight}
Combattre to fight, to combat}
Débattre to debate}
se Débattre to struggle}
s’Ébattre to take one’s pleasure} battre.
Embattre to lay the tire of a wheel}
Rabattre to abate, to bring down}
se Rabattre to turn off, to turn back, to fall back upon}
Rebattre to beat again}
Reboire to drink again boire.
Déclore to unclose}
Enclore to enclose} clore.
Forclore to foreclose}
Exclure to exclude}
Reclure to shut up} conclure.
Découdre to unsew}
Recoudre to sew again} coudre.
Mécroire to disbelieve croire.
Accroître to increase}
Décroître to decrease}
Recroître to grow again} croître.[1]
Surcroître to grow out}
Redire to say again dire.
Circonscrire to circumscribe}
Décrire to describe}
Inscrire to inscribe}
s’Inscrire to enter one’s name}
Prescrire to prescribe}
se Prescrire to be lost by limitation (law)} écrire.
Proscrire to proscribe, to outlaw}
Récrire to write again}
Souscrire to subscribe}
Transcrire to transcribe}
Contrefaire to imitate, to mimic}
Défaire to undo}
se Défaire to get rid}
Parfaire to perfect}
Redéfaire to undo again} faire.
Refaire to make again}
se Refaire to recover}
Satisfaire to satisfy}
Surfaire to ask too much}
Refrire to fry again frire.
Adjoindre to adjoin}
Astreindre to subject}
s’Astreindre to confine one’s self}
Atteindre to overtake, to reach}
Aveindre to take out _or_ from, to fetch}
Ceindre to gird, to encompass}
Conjoindre to conjoin}
Contraindre to constrain}
Craindre to fear, to be afraid}
Déjoindre to disjoin}
Dépeindre to describe}
Déteindre to discolor}
Disjoindre to disjoin}
Empreindre to imprint}
Enceindre to enclose}
Enfreindre to transgress, to infringe} joindre.
Enjoindre to enjoin}
Épreindre to squeeze out}
Éteindre to extinguish}
Étreindre to tie close, to clasp}
Feindre to feign}
Geindre to whine, to moan}
Oindre to anoint}
Peindre to paint}
Plaindre to pity}
se Plaindre to complain}
Ratteindre to overtake again}
Rejoindre to join again}
Repeindre to paint again}
Restreindre to restrain, to confine}
Teindre to dye, to color}
Élire to elect, to choose}
Prélire to read over previously}
Réélire to elect again} lire.
Relire to read again}
Reluire to glitter, to shine}
Entre-luire to shine a little} luire.
Contredire to contradict}
Dédire to disown, to unsay, to belie}
se Dédire to recant, to retract} médire.
Interdire to interdict, to forbid}
Prédire to foretell, to predict}
Admettre to admit}
Commettre to commit}
Compromettre to compromise, to expose}
se Compromettre to compromise one’s self}
Démettre to dislocate}
se Démettre (de) to resign}
Émettre to issue, to set forth, to emit} mettre.
s’Entremettre to interpose, to meddle}
Omettre to omit}
Permettre to permit, to allow}
Promettre to promise}
Remettre to replace, to set again}
Soumettre to submit, to subdue}
Transmettre to transmit}
Émoudre to whet, to sharpen}
Remoudre to grind over again} moudre.
Rémoudre to sharpen again}
Renaître to revive, to be born again naître.
Apparaître to appear}
Comparaître to appear}
Connaître to know, to be acquainted with}
Disparaître to disappear} paraître.
Méconnaître to disown, not to know}
se Méconnaître to forget one’s self}
Reconnaître to recognize, to acknowledge}
Reparaître to appear again}
Complaire to humor, to please}
se Complaire to delight}
Déplaire to displease}
se Déplaire to be displeased with} plaire.
Taire to conceal, to keep secret}
se Taire to remain silent}
Apprendre to learn, to hear of}
Comprendre to understand, to include}
Déprendre to loosen, to disengage}
Désapprendre to unlearn}
Entreprendre to undertake}
se Méprendre to mistake} prendre.
Rapprendre to learn again}
Reprendre to take again, to chide}
se Reprendre to correct one’s self}
Surprendre to surprise, to astonish}
Conduire to conduct, to lead}
Construire to construct, to build}
Cuire to cook, to bake}
Décuire to thin (syrups, etc.)}
Déconstruire to take to pieces}
Déduire to deduct}
Détruire to destroy}
se Détruire to kill one’s self, to decay}
Éconduire to bow out, to refuse}
Enduire to plaster, to do over}
Induire to induce} réduire.
Instruire to instruct}
Introduire to introduce}
Produire to produce, to bring forth}
Reconduire to conduct again}
Reconstruire to build again}
Recuire to bake again, to do again}
Renduire to plaster anew}
Reproduire to reproduce}
Séduire to seduce, to bribe}
Traduire to translate}
se Repaître to thirst after, to delight in repaître.
se Rire (de) to laugh at}
Sourire to smile} rire.
Corrompre to corrupt}
Interrompre to interrupt} rompre.
Poursuivre to pursue, to prosecute suivre.
Abstraire to abstract}
Distraire to distract, to divert}
Extraire to extract}
Retraire to redeem an estate} traire.
Rentraire to fine-draw}
Soustraire to substract, to deduct}
se Soustraire (à) to avoid, to escape}
Convaincre to convince vaincre.
Revivre to revive}
Survivre (à) to survive, to outlive} vivre.