JOSEPH SMITH'S EARLY LIFE.
The supposed bad character of Joseph Smith when a youth has been made
the text for many a tirade against the gospel that he, by God's grace,
restored to the earth. How is it possible, it is asked, that we can
believe that God would choose such an instrument for His work? We
answer in the first place, God's ways are not as man's ways, and He has
a perfect right to choose whomsoever He will. But further we assert,
knowing we speak the truth, that the stories about Joseph Smith's bad
character are false, and were never whispered until after God called
him, and he had commenced the work that heaven assigned him. Until
that time he and his parents with their entire family enjoyed a good
reputation among their neighbors.
No sooner had Joseph borne his simple testimony of angelic visitations,
than the evil one commenced to vilify his character, to destroy the
effect of his testimony. Evil reports spread far and wide, growing
as they went, as lies always do, until the days of D. P. Hurlburt,
who, when going east to obtain the "Manuscript Found," made it his
business to visit the neighborhood of Joseph's early home, and gather
for publication all the floating scandal that had been in circulation
from the beginning. He also procured an affidavit, or affidavits,
which he asserted numbers of the old neighbors of the Smith family
signed. Some of the persons whose names were attached to those papers
have since repudiated all knowledge thereof, and make statements with
regard to Joseph Smith's character entirely at variance with the tenor
of the affidavits. Others signed from hearsay and rumor and not from
actual knowledge. Others are said to have been themselves men of such
disreputable character that to be traduced by them was a compliment.
The names of entire strangers were also added to swell the list. These
fraudulent and untruthful affidavits have been reprinted time and
again, and others have followed in Hurlburt's footsteps, inventing
other statements with regard to Joseph Smith, and attached the names
of well-known residents of Palmyra, Manchester, etc., thereto without
their knowledge and consent, and putting into their mouths statements
entirely at variance with their sentiments and expressions. We regret
to have to say that this dirty work has generally been done by
professed ministers of the gospel.
The affidavits gathered by Hurlburt make the signers thereto complain
that the Smith family, especially Joseph, was indolent, intemperate,
untruthful, "entirely destitute of moral character and addicted to
vicious habits." These charges are not only false, but they also
manifest all the bitter hatred of religious bigotry and all the
exaggeration of envy and revenge.
Joseph was undoubtedly not perfect--none of us are--but he was far
superior in almost every respect to his neighbors and associates. In
his own account of his youth, between the time of his first vision and
the visit of the angel Moroni, he in the humility of his repentance
fully confesses his youthful follies, and, as is natural with sensitive
and consciencious natures, such as his, evidently applies the strongest
language to his shortcomings, and exaggerates rather than extenuates
his youthful misdeeds.
He writes:
"During the space of time which intervened between the time I had
the vision and the year eighteen hundred and twenty-three (having
been forbidden to join any of the religious sects of the day, and
being of very tender years, and persecuted by those who ought to
have been my friends, and to have treated me kindly, and if they
supposed me to be deluded to have endeavored, in a proper and
affectionate manner, to have reclaimed me), I was left to all kinds
of temptations, and mingled with all kinds of society. I frequently
fell into many foolish errors, and displayed the weakness of youth,
and the corruption of human nature, which, I am sorry to say, led
me into divers temptations, to the gratification of many appetites
offensive in the sight of God. In consequence of these things I
often felt condemned for my weakness and imperfections; when on the
evening of the twenty-first of September, after I had retired to
my bed for the night, I betook myself to prayer and supplication
to Almighty God, for forgiveness of all my sins and follies, and
also for a manifestation to me, that I might know of my state and
standing before Him; for I had full confidence in obtaining a
divine manifestation, as I had previously done."
The above is a simple, straightforward, artless statement of his
condition, in which he seeks to hide nothing, but at the same time
shows that the rebuffs he received, the persecutions he suffered from
those who should have been his guides and friends had sufficient
influence to cause him occasionally to give way to the weakness of
youth incidental to association with the rough and unrestrained society
he from his lowly position in life was naturally compelled to mingle
with.
When comparing the before-mentioned vile charges with the testimony
of those who knew the future Prophet's family best, we learn that
instead of being indolent, the family were "good workers;" instead of
being untruthful and vicious, they were honest, upright, religious and
veracious, good neighbors, kind in sickness, but very poor, and with
but little of the knowledge of this world. Their poverty, which some
uncharitable souls have transformed into "shiftlessness," or lack of
management, is one of the heaviest charges brought against them.
The charge of intemperance can be simmered down to the fact that on one
or two occasions, in the harvest field, Joseph drank rather more cider
than did him good. All the witnesses declare that "everybody drank in
those days." It was before the age of temperance societies, and all
classes of people considered it perfectly right to take a little strong
drink occasionally. Drunkenness was the besetting sin of that era among
the English race. Joseph was not a "teetotaler," because there were
none. He was also very fond of wrestling, as many of his friends of
later years know, and doubtless when stimulated with cider was on hand
for a bout, or for any other athletic game or trial of strength that
might be suggested. From this exuberance of animal spirits, the enemies
of God's latter-day work have built up the story of Joseph's inebriety
and vagabond character.
Again, he is charged with the grave offense of being a "money-digger."
In one sense this is true. The whole country round about western
New York was in those days affected with a mania to discover hidden
treasures in the earth. Most marvelous stories are told of the
interposition of unseen beings when some of these treasures were
disturbed. The public mind was greatly troubled on this subject, and
Joseph Smith was employed by a man at one time to dig for him in the
hope of discovering some of these buried riches, or an ancient Spanish
mine. Joseph worked for him as he would for any other man, or for
the same man if he engaged him to plant potatoes or hoe corn. From
this grew the story of Joseph being a money-digger. Even if he dug
for treasure on his own responsibility, we do not know that there is
anything degrading, dishonest or criminal in such an action.
The following is Joseph's own account of the manner in which he became
saddled with the title of "Money-digger:"
"As my father's worldly circumstances were very limited, we were
under the necessity of laboring with our hands, hiring by day's
work and otherwise as we could get opportunity; sometimes we were
at home and sometimes abroad, and by continued labor we were
enabled to get a comfortable maintenance.
"In the year 1824, my father's family met with a great affliction,
by the death of my eldest brother, Alvin. In the month of October,
1825, I hired with an old gentleman by the name of Josiah Stoal,
who lived in Chenango county, State of New York. He had heard
something of a silver mine having been opened by the Spaniards,
in Harmony, Susquehanna county, state of Pennsylvania, and had,
previous to my hiring with him, been digging, in order, if
possible, to discover the mine. After I went to live with him he
took me among the rest of his hands to dig for the silver mine, at
which I continued to work for nearly a month without success in
our undertaking, and finally I prevailed with the old gentleman to
cease digging after it. Hence arose the very prevalent story of my
having been a money-digger."
Somewhere about this time, or possibly rather later, Joseph worked for
Mr. Joseph Knight, of Colesville, New York.
Of Joseph, Mr. Knight's son, Newel, writes in his private manuscript
journal, as follows:
"The business my father was engaged in, often required him to have
hired help, and among the many he, from time to time, employed
was a young man by the name of Joseph Smith, Jun., to whom I was
particularly attached. His noble deportment, his faithfulness, and
his kind address could not fail to win the esteem of those who had
the pleasure of his acquaintance. One thing I will mention which
seemed to be a peculiar characteristic with him in all his boyish
sports and amusements: I never knew anyone to gain advantage over
him, and yet he was always kind and kept the good will of his
playmates."
In March, 1881, two gentlemen, named Kelley, residing in Michigan, for
their own satisfaction, visited the neighborhood where Joseph spent
his youth, and questioned the older residents who were acquainted with
the Smith family as to their knowledge of the character of Joseph, his
parents and his brothers and sisters. Their interviews with numerous
parties who claim to have known Joseph were afterwards published. Among
those visited were the families, and sometimes the identical persons
whose names had been appended, often without their knowledge, to former
scurrilous affidavits regarding the reputation of the Smith family. In
several cases these parties stated that they did not so much as know
that any statement of theirs had ever been published; that they never
uttered the sentiments or made the assertions attributed to them, and
in some instances that they had been abused because they would not make
the damaging statements regarding Joseph's character that those who
visited them required. In many cases where they spoke disparagingly of
the Prophet's family to the Messrs. Kelley, these gentlemen found that
they spoke _from hearsay_, and _not from actual knowledge_; while those
who knew Joseph best spoke of him the most highly. We here append a few
extracts from these interviews, at the same time remarking (to put the
feeling in the mildest language), that some of these gentlemen were no
friends of the Smith family.
"What did you know about the Smiths, Mr. Gilbert?"
"I knew nothing myself; have seen Joseph Smith a few times, but not
acquainted with him. Saw Hyrum quite often. I am the party that set
the type from the original manuscript for the Book of Mormon. They
translated it in a cave. I would know that manuscript to-day if I
should see it. The most of it was in Oliver Cowdery's handwriting.
Some in Joseph's wife's; a small part though. Hyrum Smith always
brought the manuscript to the office; he would have it under his
coat, and all buttoned up as carefully as though it was so much
gold. He said at the time that it was translated from plates by
the power of God, and they were very particular about it. We had a
great deal of trouble with it. It was not punctuated at all. They
did not know anything about punctuation, and we had to do that
ourselves."
"Well; did you change any part of it when you were setting the
type?"
"No, sir; we never changed it at all."
"Why did you not change it and correct it?
"Because they would not allow us to; they were very particular
about that. We never changed it in the least. Oh, well; there
might have been one or two words that I changed the spelling of; I
believe I did change the spelling of one, and perhaps two, but no
more."
"Did you set all the type, or did some one help you?"
"I did the whole of it myself, and helped to read the proof, too;
there was no one who worked at that but myself. Did you ever see
one of the first copies? I have one here that was never bound. Mr.
Grandin, the printer, gave it to me. If you ever saw a Book of
Mormon you will see that they changed it afterwards."
"They did! Well, let us see your copy; that is a good point. How is
it changed now?"
"I will show you (bringing out his copy). Here on the title page
it says (reading), 'Joseph Smith, Jr., author and proprietor.'
Afterwards, in getting out other editions they left that out, and
only claimed that Joseph Smith translated it."
"Well, did they claim anything else than that he was the translator
when they brought the manuscript to you?"
"Oh, no; they claimed that he was translating by means of some
instruments he got at the same time he did the plates, and that the
Lord helped him."
The Messrs. Kelley also called upon Dr. John Stafford, at Rochester,
N. Y. He is now a retired physician, being too aged and infirm to
practice. Answering a question as to the character of Joseph Smith, he
said:
"He was a real clever, jovial boy. What Tucker said about them"
(the Smith family) "was false, absolutely. My father, William
Stafford, was never connected with them in any way. The Smiths,
with others, were digging for money before Joe got the plates. My
father had a stone, which some thought they could look through,
and old Mrs. Smith came there for it one day, but never got it.
Saw them digging one time for money; (this was three or four years
before the Book of Mormon was found) the Smiths and others. The old
man and Hyrum were there, I think, but Joseph was not there. The
neighbors used to claim Sally Chase could look at a stone she had,
and see money. Willard Chase used to dig when she found where the
money was. Don't know as anybody ever found any money."
"What was the character of Smith, as to his drinking?"
"It was common then for everybody to drink, and to have drink in
the field; one time Joe, while working for some one after he was
married, drank too much boiled cider. He came in with his shirt
torn; his wife felt bad about it, and when they went home, she put
her shawl on him."
"Had he been fighting and drunk?"
"No; he had been scuffling with some of the boys. Never saw him
fight; have known him to scuffle; would do a fair day's work if
hired out to a man; but were poor managers," (the Smiths.)
"What about that black sheep your father let them have?"
"I have heard that story, but don't think my father was there at
the time they say Smith got the sheep. I don't know anything about
it."
"You were living at home at the time, and it seems you ought to
know if they got a sheep, or stole one, from your father?"
"They never stole one, I am sure; they may have got one sometime."
"Well, doctor, you know pretty well whether that story is true or
not, that Tucker tells. What do you think of it?"
"I don't think it is true. I would have heard more about it, that
is true. I lived a mile from Smith's; am seventy-six years old.
They were peaceable among themselves. The old woman had a great
deal of faith that their children were going to do something great.
Joe was quite illiterate. After they began to have school at their
house, he improved greatly."
"Did they have school in their own house?"
"Yes, sir; they had school in their house, and studied the Bible."
"Who was their teacher?"
"They did not have any teacher; they taught themselves."
* * * * * * * *
"If young Smith was illiterate as you say, doctor, how do you
account for the Book of Mormon?"
"Well, I can't; except that Sidney Rigdon was connected with them."
"What makes you think he was connected with them?"
"Because I can't account for the Book of Mormon any other way."
"Was Rigdon ever around there before the Book of Mormon was
published?"
"No; not as we could ever find out. Sidney Rigdon was never there,
that Hurlburt, or Howe, or Tucker could find out."
"Well; you have been looking out for the facts a long time have you
not, doctor?"
"Yes; I have been thinking and hearing about it for the last fifty
years, and lived right among all their old neighbors there most of
the time."
"And no one has ever been able to trace the acquaintance of Rigdon
and Smith, until after the Book of Mormon was published, and Rigdon
proselyted by Pratt, in Ohio?"
"Not that I know of."
* * * * * * *
"Were you acquainted with them" (the Smiths) "Mr. Saunders?"
"Yes, sir, I knew all of the Smith family well; there were six
boys: Alvin, Hyrum, Joseph, Harrison, William and Carlos, and there
were two girls; the old man was a cooper; they have all worked for
me many a day; they were very good people. Young Joe (as we called
him then), has worked for me, and he was a good worker; they all
were. I did not consider them good managers about business, but
they were poor people; the old man had a large family."
"In what respect did they differ from other people, if at all?"
"I never noticed that they were different from other neighbors;
they were the best family in the neighborhood in case of sickness;
one was at my house nearly all the time when my father died; I
always thought them honest; they were owing me some money when they
left here; that is, the old man and Hyrum did, and Martin Harris.
One of them came back in about a year and paid me."
"How were they as to habits of drinking and getting drunk?"
"Everybody drank a little in those days, and the Smiths with the
rest; they never got drunk to my knowledge."
* * * * * * * *
"How well did you know young Joseph Smith?"
"Oh! just as well as one could very well; he has worked for me many
a time, and been about my place a great deal. He stopped with me
many a time, when through here, after they went west to Kirtland;
he was always a gentleman when about my place."
"What did you know about his finding that book, or the plates in
the hill over here?"
"He always claimed that he saw the angel and received the book; but
I don't know anything about it. Have seen it, but never read it as
I know of; didn't care anything about it."
"Well; you seem to differ a little from a good many of the stories
told about these people."
"I have told you just what I know about them, and you will have to
go somewhere else for a different story."
* * * * * * * *
"To our inquiries if he, Mr. Thos. H. Taylor, was acquainted with
the Smiths, and the early settlers throughout that part, sometimes
called Mormons, he said:"
"Yes; I knew them very well; they were very nice men, too; the only
trouble was they were ahead of the people; and the people, as in
every such case, turned out to abuse them, because they had the
manhood to stand for their own convictions. I have seen such work
all through life, and when I was working with John Brown for the
freedom of my fellowman, I often got in tight places; and if it had
not been for Gerritt Smith, Wendell Phillips and some others, who
gave me their influence and money, I don't know how I would ever
have got through."
"What did the Smiths do that the people abused them so?"
"They did not do anything. Why! these rascals at one time took
Joseph Smith and ducked him in the pond that you see over there,
just because he preached what he believed, and for nothing else.
And if Jesus Christ had been there, they would have done the same
to Him. Now I don't believe like he did; but every man has a right
to his religious opinions, and to advocate his views, too; if
people don't like it, let them come out and meet him on the stand,
and show his error. Smith was always ready to exchange views with
the best men they had."
"Why didn't they like Smith?"
"To tell the truth, there was something about him they could not
understand; some way he knew more than they did, and it made them
mad."
"But a good many tell terrible stories, about them being low
people, rogues and liars, and such things. How is that?"
"Oh! they are a set of d--d liars. I have had a home here, and been
here, except when on business, all my life--ever since I came to
this country, and I know these fellows, they make these lies on
Smith, because they love a lie better than the truth. I can take
you to a great many old settlers here who will substantiate what I
say, and if you want to go, just come around to my place across the
street here, and I'll go with you."
"Well, that is very kind, Mr. Taylor, and fair; and if we have time
we will call around and give you the chance; but we are first going
to see these fellows who, so rumor says, know so much against them."
"All right; but you will find they don't know anything against
those men when you put them down to it; they could never sustain
anything against Smith."
"Do you think Smith ever got any plates out of the hill he claimed
to?"
"Yes; I rather think he did. Why not he find something as well as
anybody else? Right over here, in Illinois and Ohio, in mounds
there, they have discovered copper plates since, with hieroglyphics
all over them; and quite a number of the old settlers around here
testified that Smith showed the plates to them--they were good,
honest men, and what is the sense in saying they lied? Now, I
never saw the Book of Mormon--don't know anything about it, nor
care; and don't know as it was ever translated from the plates.
You have heard about the Spaulding romance; and some claim that it
is nothing but the books of the Bible that were rejected by the
compilers of the Bible; but all this don't prove that Smith never
got any plates."
We close this chapter with an extract from the writings of Elder Oliver
Cowdery, published in a very early day of the Church's history:
"But in consequence of certain false and slanderous reports which
have been circulated, justice would require me to say something
upon the private life of one whose character has been so shamefully
traduced. By some he is said to have been a lazy, idle, vicious,
profligate fellow. These I am prepared to contradict, and that,
too, by the testimony of _many_ persons with whom I have been
intimately acquainted, and know to be individuals of the strictest
veracity and unquestionable integrity. All these strictly and
virtually agree in saying, that he was an honest, upright, virtuous
and faithfully industrious young man. And those who say to the
contrary can be influenced by no other motive than to destroy the
reputation of one who never injured any man in either property or
person."