XLVIII

The condition and characteristic of a vulgar person is that he never

looks for either help or harm from himself, but only from externals. The

condition and characteristic of a philosopher is that he looks to himself

for all help or harm. The marks of a proficient are that he censures no

one, praises no one, blames no one, accuses no one; says nothing

concerning himself as being anybody or knowing anything. When he is in

any instance hindered or restrained, he accuses himself; and if he is

praised, he smiles to himself at the person who praises him; and if he is

censured, he makes no defense. But he goes about with the caution of a

convalescent, careful of interference with anything that is doing well

but not yet quite secure. He restrains desire; he transfers his aversion

to those things only which thwart the proper use of our own will; he

employs his energies moderately in all directions; if he appears stupid

or ignorant, he does not care; and, in a word, he keeps watch over

himself as over an enemy and one in ambush.

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