|THE ROSES of which we have hitherto spoken have but one period of bloom
in the year. June is gay with their flowers; but at midsummer their
glory is departed, not again to return till a winter of rest has
intervened. Various families of roses have, however, the faculty of
continuous or repeated blooming. Some remain in bloom with little
interruption for a long time; while others bloom at intervals, after
periods of rest. These classes are known, with little discrimination, as
"Autumnal Roses," "Ever-blooming Roses," or "Perpetual Roses." The
French have a name for those blooming at intervals, which is very
appropriate. They call them "Remontant Roses,"--_Rosiers
Remontants_,--in other words, roses which grow again. This very well
describes them. They make a growth in spring and early summer, and the
young wood thus produced bears a crop of flowers. Then the plant rests
for a while; but soon begins another growth, which, in turn, bears
flowers, though less abundantly than before. The June, or once blooming
roses, it is true, make also a first and second growth; but, with them,
the second growth gives leaves alone. In the true ever-blooming roses,
or roses that bloom continuously, the growth of young wood capable of
bearing flowers is going on with little interruption during the whole
period when the vital powers of the plant are awake. It is to stimulate
the production of this blooming wood that we prune back the shoots that
have already bloomed, as soon as the flowers have faded.
It is the possession of a great variety of roses of repeated or
continuous bloom that gives to the rose-lovers of our own day their
greatest advantage over those of former times. Our forefathers had but
very few autumnal roses. The ancient Romans, it seems, had roses in
abundance in November and December; but this must have been with the aid
of a supreme skill in cultivation, as there is no reason to believe that
they were in possession of those Chinese and Indian species, to which
the modern florist is indebted, directly or indirectly, for nearly all
his autumnal flowers. As these species are by far the most important of
the ever-blooming and _remontant_ families, both in themselves and in
the numberless progeny of hybrids to whom they have transmitted their
qualities, we place them first on our list.
[Illustration: 0171]
_Rosa Indica.--Rosa Semperflorens._--We include under the head of the
Chinese Rose two botanical species, because they are so much alike,
that, for floral purposes, it is not worth while to separate them, and
because their respective offspring are often wholly undistinguishable.
The most marked distinction between the two is the greater depth and
vividness of the color of Rosa Semperflorens; though, by a singular
freak of Nature, seedlings perfectly white are said to have been
produced from it.
China roses will not endure our winters without very careful protection;
yet they bloom so constantly and so abundantly, that they are very
desirable in a garden. In large English pleasure-grounds, they are
sometimes planted in masses, each of a distinct color. They may also be
so used here by those who will take the trouble to remove them from the
ground in the autumn, and place them in a frame for protection. For this
purpose, a hotbed frame may be used, substantially made of plank. It
should be placed in a situation where the soil is thoroughly drained
either by Nature or Art. The roses are to be placed in it close
together, and overlapping each other, to save room; the roots being
well covered with soil, and the plants laid in a sloping position. By
covering them with boards and mats, they will then be safe from every
thing but mice. The most effectual way to defeat the mischievous designs
of these pestiferous vermin is to cover, not the roots only, but the
entire plants, with earth. The covering of boards and mats must be so
placed as to exclude water from rain and melting snow. Tea roses, of
which we shall speak under the next head, are, as a class, more tender
than the Chinas; and, in order to preserve them, the soil in the frame
should be dug out to the depth of a foot, the roses laid at the bottom,
and wholly covered with earth somewhat dry. On this earth, after the
roses are buried, place a covering of dry leaves some six inches deep,
and then cover the whole with waterproof boards or sashes. The leaves
alone, if in sufficient quantity, would protect the roses from cold,
but, at the same time, afford a tempting harborage for mice, which would
destroy the plants, unless buried out of their reach. Thus treated, the
tenderest Tea roses will bear the winter with impunity in the coldest
parts of New England.
Though China roses are not equal in beauty to some of their hybrid
offspring to be hereafter described, they surpass all other roses for
pot-culture in the window of the parlor or drawing-room. They are more
easily managed than Tea roses, and, though less fragrant, are not less
abundant in bloom. No roses are of easier culture in the greenhouse.
The varieties of this group are the Bengal roses of the French, and are
those familiarly known among us as Monthly roses. They were introduced
into England from the East about the beginning of the last century.
Carmin d'Yèeles, or Carmin Superbe, has bright carmine flowers.
Cramoisie Supérieure has double crimson flowers, and, like the former,
is excellent for pot-culture. Eugène Beauharnais is large, very double,
and of a bright amaranth-color, approaching crimson. Fabvier is of
crimson scarlet, very vivid and striking. President d'Olbeque is of a
cherry-red.
All of the above belong to the Semperflorens species, and are of deep
colors. The following are varieties of Rosa Indica. Archduke Charles is
of a bright rose-color, gradually deepening as the flower grows older,
till it becomes, at times, almost crimson. Cels Multiflora is white,
shaded with pink, and flowers very freely. Madame Bréon is of a rich
rose-color, very large, double, and compact in form. Clara Sylvain is
pure white. Madame Bureau is white, with a faint tinge of straw-color.
Mrs. Bosanquet may be placed in this division; for, though it is
certainly a hybrid, the blood of the China Rose predominates in it, and
characterizes it. It is of a pale, waxy, flesh color, very delicate and
beautiful, at the same time large and double. Napoléon is of a bright
pink, and the Duchess of Kent is white.
The Dwarf roses, called Lawrenceanas, or Fairy roses, are varieties of
the Chinese. They are very small, many of them not exceeding a foot in
height, and are used as edging for flower-beds in countries of which the
climate is not too severe for them. Like all other China roses, they are
very easily grown in pots.
"China roses are better adapted than almost any other class for forming
groups of separate colors. Thus, for beds of white roses,--which, let
it be remembered, will bloom constantly from June till October,--Clara
Sylvain and Madame Bureau are beautiful. The former is the taller
grower, and should be planted in the centre of the bed. For crimson,
take Cramoisie Supérieure,--no other variety approaches this in its
peculiar richness of color; for scarlet, Fabvier; for red, Prince
Charles and Carmin Superbe; for deep crimson, Eugene Beauhamais;
for blush, Mrs. Bosanquet; for a variegated group, changeable as the
chameleon, take Archduke Charles and Virginie; for rose, Madame Bréon.
I picture to myself the above on a well-kept lawn, their branches
pegged to the ground so as to cover the entire surface; and can scarcely
imagine any thing more chaste and beautiful.
"To succeed in making these roses bear and ripen their seed in England,
a warm, dry soil and south wall are necessary; or, if the plants can
be trained to a fined wall, success will be more certain. Eugène
Beauharnais, fertilized with Fabvier, would probably produce first-rate
brilliant-colored flowers. Archduke Charles, by removing a few of
the small central petals, just before their flowers are expanded, and
fertilizing it with pollen from Fabvier or Henry the Fifth, would give
seed; and as the object ought to be, in this family, to have large
flowers with brilliant colors, and plants of hardy, robust habits,
no better union can be formed. China roses, if blooming in an airy
greenhouse, will often produce fine seed: by fertilizing their flowers,
it may probably be insured. In addition, therefore, to those planted
against a wall, some strong plants of the above varieties should be
planted in the orchard-house,--the place, above all others, adapted for
seed-bearing roses."--_Rivers_.
[Illustration: 0176]
_Rosa Indica Odorata_.--This is a Chinese species, closely allied to
the last named, but more beautiful, far more fragrant, and usually more
tender. The two original varieties of it, the Blush Tea and the Yellow
Tea, were introduced into England early in the "present century; and
between them they have produced a numerous family, than which no roses
are more beautiful.
To grow them in the open air, they require,'in the first place, a very
thorough drainage. If the situation is at all damp, the bed should be
raised some six inches above the surrounding surface; but this will be
rarely necessary in our climate. If it rests on a good natural stratum
of gravel, this will be drainage sufficient; but, if not, the whole bed
should be excavated, and underlaid to the depth of four or five inches
with broken stones, broken bricks, or with what is much better than
either,--oyster-shells. Over these, sift coarse gravel to prevent the
soil from working into their crevices, and on the gravel make a bed
somewhat more than a foot deep of good loam, mixed with a nearly equal
quantity of light, well-rotted manure, adding sand if the texture of
the loam requires it. The bed should be in an open, sunny situation, and
sheltered, as far as may be, from strong winds. The Tea roses planted in
it--unless they have been exhausted by forcing in the greenhouse--will
give a liberal supply of bloom until checked by the autumn frosts.
Many of these roses can be grown to great advantage in a cold grapery,
in a bed suitably prepared. They differ greatly in hardiness, and in
respect to ease of culture. Some are so vigorous as to form greenhouse
climbers, and so hardy as to bear a Northern winter by being simply laid
down, and covered with earth, like a raspberry. Of these is Gloire de
Dijon, a rose of most vigorous growth, and closely resembling in the
shape of its blossoms that matchless Bourbon Rose, the well-known
Souvenir de la Malmaison. Its color, however, is very different, being a
mixture of buff and salmon. It has one defect,--a crumpled appearance of
the central leaves, which gives them a somewhat withered look, even when
just open. Five or six large plants of this variety are growing here
with the utmost luxuriance on the rafters of a glass house, without
fire. In winter they are protected by meadow-hay thrust between them and
the glass, and have never been injured by the frost.
For preserving a small number of Tea roses through the winter, an
ordinary cellar answers perfectly, provided there is no furnace in it.
They may either be potted or "heeled" in earth in a box. A few degrees
of frost will not hurt them. Roses and all other plants will bear the
same degree of cold much better in a close, still air than in the open
sunlight and wind.
The prevailing colors of Tea roses are light and delicate: of the
rose-colored varieties, Adam is one of the finest, as is also Souvenir
d'un Ami. Moiret is of a pale yellow, shaded with fawn and rose. Bougere
is of a deep rosy bronze, large and double. Silène resembles it in
color, and is very much admired. Canary is of the color which its name
indicates, and its buds are extremely beautiful. Yet, in this respect,
no variety can exceed the Old Yellow Tea, which is, however, one of the
most tender and difficult of culture in the whole group. Devoniensis is
very large, double, and of a pale clear yellow; a very fine rose, but
shy of bloom. Gloire de Dijon, already mentioned, is a superb rose,
though somewhat wanting in that grace and delicacy, which, in general,
characterize this class. Madame Bravy is of a creamy white, and very
beautifully formed. Madame Damaizin is salmon, and very free in bloom.
Madame William is of a bright yellow, large, and very double. Niphetos
is of a pale lemon, turning to snow-white. Safeano is one of the most
distinct and remarkable roses in the group. It is of a buff and apricot
hue, altogether peculiar. Its buds are beautifully formed; as are also
its half-opened flowers, though they are not very double. It is a very
profuse bloomer, easy of culture, free of growth, and hardy as compared
with most other Tea roses.
"With attention, some very beautiful roses of this family may be
originated from seed; but the plants must be trained against a south
wall, in a warm, dry soil, or grown in pots, under glass. A warm
greenhouse or the orchard-house will be most proper for them, so that
they bloom in May, as their hips are a long time ripening.
"For yellow roses, Vicomtesse Decazes may be planted with and
fertilized by Canary, which abounds in pollen: some fine roses, almost
to a certainty, must be raised from seed produced by such a union. For
the sake of curiosity, a few flowers of the latter might be fertilized
with the Double Yellow Brier, or Rosa Harrison. The Old Yellow
Tea Rose bears seed abundantly; but it has been found from repeated
experiments that a good or even a mediocre rose is seldom or never
produced from it: but, fertilized with the Yellow Brier, something
original may be realized. Souvenir d'un Ami and Adam would produce seed
of fine quality, from which large and bright rose-colored varieties
might be expected; Niphetos would give pure white Tea roses; and Gloire
de Dijon, fertilized with Safrano, would probably originate first-rate
fawn-colored roses: but the central petals of the latter should be
carefully removed with tweezers or pliers, as its flowers are too double
for it to be a certain seed-bearer."--_Rivers_.
[Illustration: 0180]
_Rosa Moschata_.--This rose is a native of Asia, Northern Africa, and
adjacent islands. In Persia it is said to reach a prodigious size,
resembling some gorgeous flowering tree. It is said, too, that it is the
favorite rose of the Persian poets, who celebrated its loves with the
nightingale in strains echoed by their English imitators. Being very
vigorous, it is best grown as a climber; but, with us, it requires the
shelter of glass. It flowers in large clusters late in summer, and in a
warm, moist air, exhales a faint odor of musk.
The Double White Musk has yellowish white flowers of moderate size.
Eponine has pure white flowers, very double. The New Double White, or
Ranunculus Musk, is an improvement on the Double White, which it much
resembles. Nivea, or the Snowy Musk, can hardly be said to belong to the
group, as it blooms only once in the year. Ophir, Princess of Nassau,
and Rivers, are also good examples of this family.
[Illustration: 0181]
_Rosa Moschata Hybrida._--Having treated of the China, Tea, and Musk
roses, we now come to the hybrid offspring which they have jointly
produced. In 1817, M. Noisette, a French florist at Charleston, S.C.,
raised a seedling from the Musk Rose, impregnated with the pollen of
the' common China Rose. The seedling was different from either parent,
but had the vigorous growth of the Musk Rose, together with its property
of blooming in clusters, and a slight trace of its peculiar fragrance.
This was the original Noisette Rose, and it has been the parent of a
numerous family; but as it has, in turn, been fertilized with the pollen
of the Tea, and perhaps of other roses, many of its descendants have
lost its peculiar characteristics, so that in some cases they cannot be
distinguished from Tea roses. It is thus that confusion is constantly
arising in all the families of the rose; the groups becoming merged in
each other by insensible gradations, so that it is impossible to fix any
clear line of demarcation between them.
The distinctive characteristic of the true Noisette is blooming in
clusters. Different varieties have different habits of growth, some
being much more vigorous than others; but the greater part are
true climbing roses. Those in which the blood of the Musk and China
predominate are comparatively hardy. Many of them can be grown as
bushes in the open air, with very little winter protection, even in
the latitude of Boston. Two varieties--Madame Massot and Caroline
Marniesse--are today (Oct. 16) in full bloom here, where they have stood
for several years, with very little precaution to shelter them. Some
other varieties, again, strongly impregnated with the Tea Rose, are
quite as tender as Tea roses of the pure race.
As rafter-roses in the greenhouse, the Noisettes are unsurpassed.
[Illustration: 0183]
Aimée Vibert is one of the prettiest of the group. It was raised by the
French cultivator Vibert, who named it after his daughter. The flowers
are pure white, and grow in large clusters. Though not among the most
vigorous in growth of the Noisettes, this variety is comparatively
hardy, and in all respects very desirable. Miss Glegg resembles her
French sister, but is scarcely so graceful or elegant. Joan of Arc is a
pure white rose, growing very vigorously. Madame Massot, sometimes sold
by American nursery-men under the name of Mademoiselle Henriette, bears
large clusters of small flowers of a waxy white, faintly tinged with
flesh-color. It is one of the hardiest of the group. Caroline Marniesse
somewhat resembles it, but is not equal in beauty.
All of the above have very distinctly the Noisette characteristics, as
inherited from their parent, the Musk Rose. Those which follow have
been hybridized to such a degree with the Tea Rose, that its traits
predominate; and though, in some of them, the cluster-blooming habit
of the Musk is not lost, the flowers bear, in size, shape, color, and
fragrance, a marked resemblance to the Tea. Chroma-tella, or the Cloth
of Gold, is, when in perfection, the most beautiful of all the yellow
roses; but it is shy of bloom, and difficult of culture. Solfaterre is
also a fine yellow rose, much more easily managed than the last. The
same may be said of Augusta, a seedling raised from it in this country.
Isabella Gray was also raised in America, and is a seedling from the
Cloth of Gold, which it rivals in beauty; though, like its parent, it is
somewhat difficult to manage. Jaune Desprez, or Desprez's Yellow, is
of a sulphur-color tinged with red, very large and fragrant. America
is also a large and fine flower of a creamy white; but perhaps the
best known of the whole group is Lam arque, in New England the greatest
favorite among greenhouse climbers. Its flowers are of a sulphur-yellow,
large and double; and its growth is very vigorous.
"But few of the Noisette roses will bear seed in this country: the
following, however, if planted against a south wall, and carefully
fertilized, would probably produce some. The object here should be to
obtain dark crimson varieties with large flowers; and for this purpose
Fellenberg should be fertilized with Octavie, Solfaterre with the Tea
Rose. Vicomtesse Decazes would probably give yellow varieties; and,
these would be large and fragrant, as in Lamarque and Jaune Desprez. In
these directions for procuring seed from roses by fertilizing, I have
confined myself to such varieties as are almost sure to produce it; but
much must be left to the amateur, as many roses may be made fertile by
removing their central petals, and consequently some varieties that I
have not noticed may be made productive."--_Rivers_.
[Illustration: 0187]
_Rosa Damascena_.--This is a race of Damask roses endowed with the
faculty of blooming in the autumn. The old roses known as the Monthly
(not the China roses so called) and the Four Seasons are the parents of
the group, though not without some infusion of foreign blood. The Damask
Perpetuals are hardy, and remarkable for fragrance. They demand rich
culture, even more than most other roses; and the best of them
with neglect and low diet will bloom but once in the year, and that
indifferently. On the other hand, they repay generous treatment
liberally, as some of them are as beautiful as they are fragrant.
American nursery-men usually catalogue them among the Hybrid Perpetuals,
where they are out of place; since the true Damask Perpetual is not, in
any sense, a hybrid, though, as before mentioned, some foreign blood has
found its way into the family.
The French rose-grower Vibert has formed a new group, which he calls the
Rose de Trianon, out of the Damask Perpetuals; but, as the subdivision
seems unnecessary and perplexing, we shall re-annex it to the parent
group.
The following are good examples of these Perpetuals: Joasine Hanet has
deep purplish-red flowers, very showy. Sydonie bears large flowers of
a rose or bright salmon, and blooms profusely. Yolande of Aragon has
deep-pink flowers, and is an abundant autumn bloomer. The above belong
to Vibert's new division. The following are unquestioned Damask:
Crimson, or Rose du Roi, is of a bright crimson, very large, very
fragrant, and an excellent autumn bloomer. There is a history attached
to it. Count Lelieur was superintendent of the royal gardens of St.
Cloud, where this rose was raised from seed, a little before the
restoration of the Bourbons. He named it Rose Lelieur, after himself.
When Louis the Eighteenth came to the throne, an officer of his
household insisted that the new rose should be named after him. Count
Lelieur resisted. A debate ensued. The party of the courtiers prevailed:
the new rose was called the King's Rose, Rose du Roi; and the count
resigned his post in disgust. Mogador is a seedling from this rose, and
is, perhaps, an improvement on it. Portland Blanche is pure white, and
blooms well in autumn. An English writer sets it down as worthless:
whence I infer that there must be two of the same name; for here it lias
proved itself one of the most beautiful of white roses. Bernard is a
small but very beautiful rose, of a clear salmon-color, and is said to
be a sport from the Crimson.
"As the culture of this class of roses," says Rivers, "is at present but
imperfectly understood, I shall give the result of my experience as
to their cultivation, with suggestions to be acted upon according
to circumstances. One peculiar feature they nearly all possess,--a
reluctance to root when layered: consequently, Perpetual Damask roses,
on their own roots, will always be scarce. When it is possible to
procure them, they will be found to flourish much better on dry,
poor soils than when budded, as at present. These roses require a
superabundant quantity of food: it is therefore perfectly ridiculous to
plant them on dry lawns, to suffer the grass to grow close up to their
stems, and not to give them a particle of manure for years. Under these
circumstances, the best varieties, even the Rose du Roi, will scarcely
ever give a second series of flowers. To remedy the inimical nature of
dry soils to this class of roses, an annual application of manure on the
surface of the soil is quite necessary. The ground must not be dug, but
lightly pricked over with a fork in November; after which some manure
must be laid on, about two or three inches in depth, which ought not to
be disturbed, except to clean with the hoe and rake, till the following
autumn. This, in some situations, in the spring months, will be
unsightly: in such cases, cover with some nice green moss, as directed
in the culture of Hybrid China roses. I have said that this treatment
is applicable to dry, poor soils: but, even in good rose soils, it is
almost necessary; for it will give such increased vigor, and such
a prolongation of the flowering season, as amply to repay the labor
bestowed. If the soil be prepared as directed, they will twice in the
year require pruning: in November [in March, for this country] when the
beds are dressed; and again in the beginning of June. In the November
pruning, cut off from every shoot of the preceding summer's growth
about two-thirds its length: if they are crowded, remove some of them
entirely. If this autumnal pruning is attended to, there will be, early
in June the following summer, a vast number of luxuriant shoots, each
crowned with a cluster of buds. Now, as June roses are always abundant,
a little sacrifice must be made to insure a fine autumnal bloom:
therefore leave only half the number of shoots to bring forth their
summer flowers; the remainder shorten to about half their length. Each
shortened branch will soon put forth buds; and in August and September
the plants will again be covered with flowers. In cultivating Perpetual
roses of all classes, the faded flowers ought immediately to be removed;
for in autumn the petals do not fall off readily, but lose their color,
and remain on the plant, to the injury of the forthcoming buds. Though I
have recommended them to be grown on their own roots, in dry soils, yet,
on account of the autumnal rains dashing the dirt upon their flowers
when close to the ground, wherever it is possible to make budded roses
grow, they ought to be preferred; for, on stems from one to two feet in
height, the flowers will not be soiled: they are also brought near to
the eye, and the plant forms a neat and pretty object."
[Illustration: 0191]
_Rosa Hybrida Bourboniensis_.--The China Rose and one of the old Damask
Perpetuals, known as the Red Four Seasons, have produced between them
a distinct family of hybrids known as the Bourbon roses. They are so
called because they were originated on the Isle of Bourbon. One M.
Perichon, an inhabitant of that island, in planting a quantity of
seedling roses raised for a hedge, found one very different from the
rest, and planted it apart. On flowering, it proved to be distinct from
any rose before known. Soon after, in the year 1817, a French botanist,
M. Bréon, arriving at the Isle of Bourbon as curator of the government
botanical garden established there, investigated the case of this
remarkable seedling, and became convinced that it was produced between
the two species named above; since these were then the only roses on the
island, and both were freely used as hedges. M. Bréon sent plants and
seeds of the new rose to Paris; and from these have sprung the whole
race of the Bourbons,--a race of sweeter savor in horticulture than in
history.
They are remarkable as a family for clearness and brightness of color,
perfection of form, and freedom of autumnal blooming. Some of them are
quite hardy; others are not so in New England. Their growth is various;
some climbing vigorously if trained to do so, and others forming compact
bushes. Abundance of manure, a deep and well-dug soil, and mulching
with newly-cut grass or some similar substance to keep them moist in dry
weather, joined to judicious pruning, are needed to bring forth their
beauties in perfection. The stronger growers cannot be pruned severely
without greatly diminishing the quantity of their bloom; but the ends
of tall, strong shoots of the same season's growth may be cut off with
great advantage, thus checking their growth, and causing them to throw
out small blooming side-shoots.
No roses are better than these where the object is to produce a late
autumnal bloom. They may be made to bloom into the winter by pinching
off their summer flower-buds, in order that they may not exhaust
themselves in that season, and by sheltering them from the frost. For
forcing, they are unsurpassed.
Some of the most vigorous varieties would make gorgeous pillar-roses,
provided pains were taken to lay them flat, and cover them with earth
every winter. Without protection, they would suffer severely in the
Northern States.
Acidalie was, till recently, the only white Bourbon; yet it is not pure
white, but has a tinge of blush. Of late, another white Bourbon has been
added,--Blanche Lafitte,--which is also faintly tinged with flesh-color.
Adelaide Bougère is of a rich velvety purple. Du-petit Thouars is of
a vivid crimson, large and double. George Peabody is of a
purplish-crimson. Louise Odier is a rose of very vigorous growth, and
one of the hardier members of the family: its flowers are of a bright
rose-color, of a beautiful cupped form; and it has a tendency to bloom
in clusters. Prince Albert is still hardier. Its color is a brilliant
crimson-scarlet, and its autumn bloom is abundant. Sir Joseph Paxton is
of a bright rose-color, tinged with crimson: its growth is exceedingly
vigorous; and, with moderate protection, it will bear our winters.
Souvenir de la Malmaison is unsurpassed among roses. It is very large,
and beautifully formed. It is of a light, transparent flesh-color; and
no rose is more admired in a greenhouse. It will also thrive in the open
air, and, when the soil is well drained, may safely be trusted to bear a
New-England winter, provided it is covered with earth. In a wet soil, it
is usually killed. Vorace is of a dark purplish-crimson, and, like the
last named, only partially hardy. Hermosa, or Armosa, resembles a China
rose in the character and abundance of its bloom. None surpasses it for
forcing.
The above will serve as favorable examples of the best types of this
group.
"I hope in a few years to see Bourbon roses in every garden; for 'the
Queen of Flowers' boasts no member of her court more beautiful. Their
fragrance also is delicate and pleasing, more particularly in the
autumn. They ought to occupy a distinguished place in the autumnal
rose-garden, in clumps or beds, as standards and as pillars. In any
and in all situations, they must and will please. To insure a very late
autumnal bloom, a collection of dwarf standards, i. e. stems one to
two feet in height, should be potted in large pots, and, during summer,
watered with manure-water, and some manure kept on the surface. Towards
the end of September or the middle of October, if the weather be wet,
they may be placed under glass. They will bloom in fine perfection even
as late as November....
"It is difficult to point out roses of this family that bear seed
freely, except the Common Bourbon; but Acidalie, planted against a south
wall, would probably give some seed. * If any pollen can be found, it
might be fertilized with the flowers of Julie de Loynes. A pure white
and true Bourbon Rose ought to be the object: therefore it should not
be hybridized with any other species. Bouquet de Flore may be planted
against a south wall with Menoux, with which it should be carefully
fertilized: some interesting varieties may be expected from seed thus
produced. Queen of the Bourbons, planted with the yellow China Rose,
might possibly give some seeds; but those would not produce true Bourbon
roses, as the former is a hybrid, partaking of the qualities of the
Tea-scented roses. Anne Beluze, planted with Madame Nerard, would give
seed from which some very delicate Blush roses might be raised; and
Le Florifère, fertilized with the Common Bourbon, would also probably
produce seed worthy of attention."--Rivers.
* In America, several varieties bear seed well. Sir Joseph
Paxton rarely fails, and is a very good subject for
experiment. The varieties named above by Mr. Rivers are not,
for the most part, of the first merit.
[Illustration: 0195]
We reach, at length, the vast family of the Hybrid Perpetuals,--a race
of brilliant parvenus, which, within the last twenty-five years, have
risen to throw other roses into the shade. As we look upon them, we
survey a gorgeous chaos. Here are innumerable varieties of foliage and
flower, perplexing us in our search for genealogies and relationships.
All of them, however, have, as a basis, some hardy, once-blooming rose,
with which has been mingled the blood of one, and often of many, of the
ever-blooming roses, in sufficient proportion to impart some of their
qualities of autumnal flowering. Many of the Hybrid Perpetuals have, as
their basis, the Hybrid China Rose, already described under the head
of the summer roses. This, as we have seen, blooms but once; but when
crossed with the China, Tea, Bourbon, Damask Perpetual, or several of
these combined, it becomes capable of blooming in the autumn, without
losing its hardiness. Such, then, is the origin of this group; and
the diversity of its characteristics answers to the diversity of its
parentage. Thus two roses can scarcely be more unlike than Baronne
Prévost and the Giant of Battles, or La Reine and Arthur de San sal.
In Baronne Prévost and La Reine, the hardier and more vigorous elements
prevail; and they probably owe their ever-blooming qualities to an
infusion of the Damask Perpetual, rather than of the more tender China
roses. In the Giant of Battles and Arthur de Sansal, on the contrary,
the China and Bourbon clements are very apparent; and, while these roses
are excellent autumn bloomers, they are much less hardy and vigorous
than the other two.
M. Laffay, in his garden at Bellevue, a few miles from Paris, may
be said to have laid the foundations of the Hybrid Perpetual family.
Indeed, to a great extent, he created it; having originated a great
number of beautiful roses, some of which none of the more recent
productions have been able in the least degree to eclipse. Laflay's
roses were chiefly of the hardier and stronger type, with La Reine,
which was produced about the year 1840, at their head.
From the motley character of the group, the lines that separate it from
the Bourbon and from some other families cannot be definitely drawn;
and there are certain varieties which always hold an equivocal position,
being sometimes placed with one group, and sometimes with another.
These Perpetuals differ greatly in the freedom of their autumn blooming;
some giving a second and third crop of flowers in abundance; while
others will not bloom at all after midsummer, except under careful and
skilful treatment. All require rich culture and good pruning. When an
abundant autumn bloom is required, a portion of the June bloom must be
sacrificed by cutting back about half the flower-stems to three or four
eyes as soon as the flower-buds form. When the flowers fade, these also
should be cut off with the stems that bear them, in a similar manner.
The formation of the seed-vessels, by employing the vitality of the
plant, tends greatly to diminish its autumn bloom. Give additional
manure every year, and keep the ground open, and free of weeds. If
rank, strong shoots, full of redundant sap, form in summer, check their
disproportioned growth by cutting off their tops.
In the North, these roses are better for a little winter protection,
such as earthing them up at the base, or thrusting pine-boughs into the
soil among them. They may with great advantage be taken up as often as
once in three years, and replanted after two or three shovelfuls of old
manure have been dug into the soil, which, at the same time, should be
forked to the greatest possible depth. Indeed, it does them no harm to
replant them yearly: on the contrary, they, generally bloom the better
for it.
An excellent way to preserve them during winter, when they have been
taken out of the ground, is to bury them, root and branch, in earth.
The earth for this purpose should not be very moist. The place selected
should be sheltered and dry; the latter point being of the last
importance. The roses may be tied in bundles, and the earth thrown over
them to the depth of six inches or more, in such a manner as to shed
the rain and snow; and if a few boards are placed over it, in a sloping
position, it will be so much the better. In this way, all the half-hardy
roses, and many of those regarded as the most tender, can be safely
wintered in the coldest parts of New England.
It is to the family of Hybrid Perpetuals that the French rose-growers
have given their chief attention. Hence an enormous multiplication of
varieties, every year bringing forth a new brood, perplexing us with
their numbers, and by the clamor with which the merits of each and all
are proclaimed by their respective originators. Some of these new roses
are unsurpassed in beauty, and deserve all that can be said of them.
Yet thoroughly to establish the character of a rose requires several
years,--not less than six, according to the eminent French rose-grower,
M. Jules Margottin: therefore it is impossible to speak with
entire confidence of these novelties. I shall begin with roses of
well-established merit, which have been for years in cultivation here.
Of the rest, which have had not more than a season's trial, mention will
be made afterwards.
La Reine is perhaps entitled to the first mention, as it was one of the
first in its origin, and has never since lost ground. It varies very
much in quality with circumstances of soil and cultivation, and in its
color is surpassed by many other roses. Its very large size when well
grown, its fine form and perfect hardiness, are its points of merit. It
is the mother of a numerous progeny, among which Auguste Mie is one of
the best, growing very vigorously, and bearing flowers equal to those
of its parent in beauty of form, and superior in delicacy of color. They
are of a fine rose-color, several shades lighter than that of La Reine.
Louise Peyronney also, in many respects, surpasses her parent; and is a
rose of great beauty, though scarcely so vigorous as La Reine. Baronne
Prévost is another hardy and vigorous rose, of a type wholly different:
it grows with great vigor, bears the rudest winter, and, both in June
and in the autumnal months, yields an abundance of large, very
double flowers of a light rose-color. Pius IX. has the same vigor of
constitution, and the same abundant bloom: its flowers are of a deep
rose, tinged with crimson. Dr. Arnold is of a deeper color, approaching
to crimson, and is one of the best autumn bloomers. Madame Boll is a
superb rose, very vigorous, very hardy, and very double. L'Enfant du
Mt. Carmel somewhat resembles it, but grows and blooms more freely: its
color is a rosy crimson. Jules Margottin has no superior in its way:
it is of a clear, rosy-crimson color, and its half-opened buds are
especially beautiful. Triomphe de l'Exposition is of a deep crimson;
and Souvenir de la Reine d'Angleterre, of a bright rose: both are very
vigorous and very effective. General Jacqueminot is of a fine crimson,
and, though not perfectly double, is, nevertheless, one of the most
splendid of roses. Its size, under good culture, is immense. It is a
strong grower and abundant bloomer, and glows like a firebrand among
the paler hues around it. It is one of the hardier kinds, and is easily
managed. Its offspring are innumerable. The greater part of the new
roses of the last year or two own it as a parent, and inherit some of
its qualities. Of its older progeny, Triomphe des Beaux Arts and
the Oriflamme de St. Louis may be mentioned with honor. The last,
especially, is a very brilliant rose. Among other deep-colored roses are
Triomphe de Paris, Gloire de Santenay, and General Washington; the last
a seedling from Triomphe de l'Exposition. It is a new rose; but there
can be little doubt of its merit.
Perhaps no rose among the Hybrid Perpetuals has been so famous, and
so much praised, as the Giant of Battles; but we cannot fully echo the
commendations bestowed upon it. All the roses just named are hardy,
vigorous, and of easy culture, available to the half-practised amateur
as well as to the experienced cultivator. But the class of Hybrid
Perpetuals of which the Giant of Battles is the type, and, to a great
extent, the parent, requires more skill and precaution for successful
culture. They are all more or less liable to mildew. "I can do
nothing with the Giant, because the mildew destroys it," a well-known
nursery-man writes me. Besides this tendency, it is by no means of the
vigorous growth which the catalogues of nursery-men commonly ascribe
to it. Its flowers, however, are very brilliant, and, in a favorable
season, are produced in abundance. In color, they resemble those of
General Jacqueminot. Some of the seedlings raised from them are much
darker; and among these may be mentioned Arthur de Sansal, Cardinal
Patrizzi, and the Emperor of Morocco. Lord Raglan is one of the very
finest flowers of this section; and the plant is more vigorous, and less
liable to mildew, than the rest of the group.
The following are of the lighter, and more delicate shades: Caroline de
Sansal is of a clear flesh-color, large, full, and of a vigorous, hardy
constitution. Madame Vidot is, when in perfection, an exquisite rose, of
a transparent, waxy, flesh color, and formed like a camellia: it has
not proved hardy here, and has suffered severely every winter. Queen
Victoria is of a better constitution: it is white, shaded with pink.
William Griffiths is an old and excellent rose, of a peculiar light
satin rose-color: it rarely suffers from the winter. Virginal is pure
white. La Mere de St. Louis is of a waxy flesh-color, and, though not
very full, is distinct and beautiful. Madame Rivers is of a very light
rose. Comtesse de Chabrillant is of a clear pink, and very fine. Madame
Knorr is of a somewhat deeper shade, and singularly beautiful in bud.
Louise Magnan and Dr. Henon may, with Virginal, in the absence of
better, represent the white Hybrid Perpetuals,--a color in which this
class is very deficient; while a yellow or buff rose is as yet unknown
in it, although it is said that such an one has been produced, and will
soon be "brought out."
The following are a selection from the new roses; and, though their
merits have not as yet been tried by the test of time, there can be very
little doubt that all of them will prove of the highest merit:--
Maurice Bernardin is of a bright vermilion, very large and full. Charles
Lefebvre is of a bright crimson, purplish at the centre, and seems
an admirable rose. Mrs. William Paul is of a violet-red, shaded with
crimson.
Madame Clémence Joigne aux is of a red and lilac color, and grows with
great vigor. Lord Macaulay is of a rich scarlet-crimson: a bloom of it
is now before me, cut here, in the open air, on the 22d of October. Sour
des Anges owes its singular name to the delicacy of its tint,--a soft
flesh-color; yet the habit of the plant is vigorous, and it seems of
a hardy nature. Duc de Rohan is red, shaded with vermilion. Beauty of
Waltham, an English seedling like Lord Macaulay, is of a bright carmine,
and blooms profusely. Madame Furtado is very large, fragrant, and
double: its color is a light rosy-crimson. Le Rhone is of a brilliant
and deep vermilion. Duc de Cazes is of a purplish crimson, so deep as
almost to appear black. President Lincoln is cherry-red. Princess of
Wales is a recent seedling of Mr. William Paul, the English rose-grower;
and, though I have not yet seen it in flower, it is so highly extolled
by an English amateur, that I mention it here. It is of a bright
crimson, with thick and firm petals, and said to be very hardy. Sénateur
Vaisse is of a brilliant red, and has found numerous admirers. Victor
Verdier is carmine, shaded with purple, large and showy. Louise
Margottin is of a delicate, glossy rose-color, beautifully formed; and,
though marked of moderate growth on foreign catalogues, it has grown
with uncommon vigor here. Prince Camille de Rohan is of a deep maroon
approaching crimson. It is very large and full.
The above comprise the flowers of most brilliant promise among the
recent novelties. Many others will be mentioned in the supplementary
list.
The Hybrid Perpetuals combine merits so numerous and so brilliant,
that they are rapidly driving out of cultivation many roses once in the
highest esteem. Indeed, with the exception of Moss roses, and some of
the Teas, Noisettes, and Bourbons, none seem likely to maintain their
ground before these gorgeous upstarts, some of which are as robust as
they are beautiful. Their beauties, however, depend greatly on their
culture; and this is true of all roses. A rose which, under indifferent
treatment, will be passed unnoticed, puts on, in the hands of a good
cultivator, its robes of royalty, and challenges from all beholders the
homage due to the Queen of Flowers.
In conclusion, the amateur will do well to make this his golden rule:
Cultivate none but the best, and cultivate them thoroughly. Thoroughness
is at the bottom of all horticultural success.
"Raising new varieties of this family from seed presents an extensive
field of interest to the amateur; for we have yet to add to our
catalogues pure white and yellow and fawn-colored Hybrid Perpetuals: and
these, I anticipate, will be the reward of those who persevere. Monsieur
Laffay, by persevering through two or three generations, obtained a
mossy Hybrid Bourbon rose, and many of the finest varieties described in
the foregoing pages. This information will, I trust, be an incentive to
amateurs in this country. To illustrate this, I may here remark, that a
yellow Ayrshire Rose, now a desideratum, must not be expected from the
first trial; but probably a climbing rose, tinged with yellow or buff,
may be the fruit of the first crossing. This variety must again be
crossed with a yellow rose: the second generation will, perhaps, be
nearer the end wished for. Again: the amateur must bring perseverance
and skill into action; and then, if in the third generation a bright
yellow climbing rose be obtained, its possession will amply repay the
labor bestowed. But these light gardening operations are not labor: they
are a delightful amusement to a refined mind, and lead it to reflect on
the wonderful infinities of Nature.
"Madame Laffay is an excellent seed-bearing rose: this may be fertilized
with the Bourbon Gloire de Rosomènes and with Comte Bobrinsky. Dr. Marx
may be crossed with the Bourbon Paul Joseph and with the Bourbon Le
Grenadier. These should all be planted against a south wall, so that
their flowers expand at the same time; and they will probably give
some fine autumnal roses, brilliant in color, and very double. For
fawn-colored, or yellowish and white roses, Duchess of Sutherland may be
fertilized with the Tea-scented roses Victoria and Safrano. These must
all have a south wall. These hints may possibly be considered meagre
and incomplete; but I trust it will be seen how much depends upon the
enterprise and taste of the cultivator."--_Rivers._
[Illustration: 0207]
_Rosa Bracteata_.--The original species was brought to England from
China by Lord Macartney in 1795. The varieties are few, and very
distinct in appearance from other roses. The leaves are small, and of a
deep shining green. This rose is not hardy, even in England; at least,
the old varieties of it are not so: but one has lately been sent me,
under the formidable appellation of Rosa Bracteata Alba Venusta, which
is reported to have proved hardy in New Jersey.
The Macartney roses are of a climbing habit, and evergreen.
Alba Odorata is white, with a yellow centre. The flowers are double.
Alba Simplex is a single white. Maria Leonida is white, with a blush
centre, and is the best of the group. There is a hybrid rose raised
by M. Hardy, of the Luxembourg Garden, and known by the name of
Berberifolia Hardi. From its resemblance to this division, it is
commonly placed with it, though not properly belonging here. It is a
pretty rose, with bright yellow flowers, marked with a chocolate spot in
the centre; but it is not hardy, nor is it easy of culture.
[Illustration: 0208]
_Rosa Roevigata_.--No foreign work on the Rose includes this species
among those held worthy of culture; yet in our Southern States, where
it is naturalized, it is singularly beautiful. In the North it is not
hardy, though the root commonly survives the winter, while the stem and
branches are destroyed. It comes originally from China. Its shoots
and leaves resemble those of the Banksia Rose; the former being long,
pendulous, and graceful, and the latter of the most vivid green. Its
flowers are single, very large, and of the purest waxy white, in the
midst of which appears the bright yellow of the clustering stamens.
Its long, slender, tapering buds are unsurpassed in beauty. It thrives
admirably in a cool greenhouse, climbing with a rampant growth over the
rafters, and giving forth a profusion of flowers through the greater
part of the winter. Unlike all the other roses described in this book,
it is a species in its original, undeveloped state, and, as such, offers
a tempting subject for the art of the hybridist.
[Illustration: 0209]
_Rosa Microphylla_.--This is an introduction within the present century
from the Himalaya Mountains, and is rather a curiosity than an ornament.
The leaves are very small and very numerous; and, by a curious freak
of Nature, all the spines seem gathered together on the calyx, or outer
covering of the flower-buds. The original variety, Microphylla Rubra,
is perhaps the best. Among others may be named Carnea, Coccinea, Rosea,
and Purpurea.
There is a rose, commonly sold under the name of Microphylla Rugosa,
which is very desirable from the abundance of its autumnal bloom, and
from its hardy nature; a point in which it differs from the true
Microphyllas. It grows vigorously, and in autumn blooms profusely in
large clusters of purplish-red flowers.
[Illustration: 0210]
_Rosa Centifolia_.--This is a group of Moss roses to which, by
hybridization, has been communicated some of the character of the
autumn-blooming roses. The power of repeated blooming has, however,
in some cases, been acquired at the expense of the distinctive
characteristic of the Moss Rose; and few of this group are so well
mossed as the parent to which they owe their name. One of the best
is Salet, which is of a bright rose-color, tolerably well mossed, a
vigorous grower, and an excellent autumn bloomer. Madame Edouard Ory
is of a somewhat brighter hue, but by no means equal in vigor. The
Perpetual White Moss is better deserving of the name of Moss than either
of the others. It is double, blooms in clusters, and grows vigorously.
Besides these, there are many other varieties, most of them indifferent.
These roses require the same culture with the Hybrid Perpetuals. Their
power of autumnal blooming is increased by high enrichment and frequent
transplanting.
[Illustration: 0211]
_Rosa Spinosissima_.--The Perpetual Scotch is a group of the well-known
Scotch roses, endowed, probably by hybridization, with a power of
blooming twice or more in the year. None of them are of much value
except Stan-well, which is of a blush color, double, prettily cupped,
and very fragrant.
[Illustration: 8211]
Here closes our list of Autumnal roses, and with it our book. In
conclusion, we would remind the cultivator, that although, even under
neglect and scorn, the Rose has smiles for all, it is only to a loving
and constant suitor that she clothes herself in all her beauty. Among
all the flowers of our gardens, none is more grateful for a careful
attention, and none more abundantly rewards it.
ROSES MOST APPROVED BY THE BEST CULTIVATORS OF THE PRESENT DAY
In Addition To Those already mentioned under their respective Classes.
PROVENCE ROSES.
Madame Henriette, rosy, very large and beautiful. Madame L'Arbry,
bright rose, large and full.
Royal, pale rink, globular and large, very fine.
White Provence, pure white, large and full.
MOSS ROSES.
ADELE FAVIE, BLUSH.
Aristides, bright crimson.
Arthur Yong.
Ætna, brilliant crimson, tinted with purple, félicité Bohain, bright
rose, large and full.
Gracilis, or Prolific, deep pink, free bloomer, large and full.
Henri Martin, shaded velvety carmine, good.
James Mitchell, rose-shaded, full.
John Cranston, crimson-shaded, full.
Julie de'Mersent, rose, shaded with blush.
Latone, blush, large and full.
Marie de Blois, rosy-lilac, large and full.
Madame de la Rochelambert, amaranth, large and full.
Pompon (Moss de Meaux), blush, peach centre, pretty, small and full.
Princess Alice, blush, pink centre.
Princesse Royale, salmon-flesh, full, fine form.
Princesse de Vaudemont, pink, good.
Purpurea Rubra, purple, large and full.
Reine Blanche, pure white, large and full.
Unique, pure white, large and full.
William Lobb, velvety-lake, very distinct.
DAMASK ROSES.
Calypso, shaded pink, large and good.
Columella, bright rose, large, full.
Helvetius, shaded rosy-crimson, very large and good.
Mariquita, white, lightly shaded, beautiful.
ALBA ROSES.
Blanchefleur, white.
Blush Hip, delicate blush, exquisite in bud, full.
Princesse Lamballe, white.
GALLICA ROSES
Asfasie, beautiful flesh, changing to blush, fine form.
Baron Cuvier, rosy-crimson, good shape.
Bizarre Marbrée, mottled crimson, large and very fine.
Colonel Coombes, light crimson, shaded with purple, very large and full.
Comte Plater, creamy-blush, splendid.
Comtesse de Segur, pale flesh, clear and beautiful, full, fine.
Docteur Deiltheim, rose, often shaded with purple, very large and full.
La Calaisienne, delicate pink, large and beautiful.
La Ville de Londres, shaded rose, very large and good.
Letitia, bright rose, large and full.
Louis Philippe, pinkish-blush, light margin.
Madame Duberry, mottled crimson-lake.
Prince Regent, deep rose, superb, large and full.
William Tell, bright rose, edges blush, very large and full.
HYBRID CHINA ROSES.
Comte Boubert, light rose, large and very double.
Comtesse Lacépède, silvery-blush, flesh centre, large and full
Comtesse Mole, delicate rosy-fink, beautiful.
Élise Mercour, pale-shaded rose, beautiful.
Fimbriata, rosy-crimson, petals fringed at edges.
Frederick the Second, rich crimson-purple, large and double.
General Allard, fine deep rose, very double.
Général Lamoricière, rose, fine form, large and full, fine.
Great Western, bright reddish-crimson, beautiful.
Jenny, mottled rosy-pink.
Juno, pale rose, blush edges, very large and full.
Lady Stuart, silvery-blush, fine form, medium and full.
Madeline (Emmeline), pale flesh, edged with crimson, beautiful, large,
and very double.
Nathalie Daniel, pink, fine.
Perfection, delicate pink, fine form.
Stadtholder, shaded pink, very good.
Triomphe en Beauté, deep-shaded rose, globular and beautiful.
Triomphe de Laqueue, purplish-rose, large and splendid.
William Jesse, purplish-crimson, tinged with lilac, superb, very large
and very double.
AUTUMNAL ROSES.
CHINA ROSES.
Abbé Midland, fine crimson-red, good. Antheros, creamy-white, large and
full.
Belle de Florence, light carmine, blooms in large clusters.
Élise Fleury, fine rose, large and full.
Henry the Fifth, vivid scarlet, very good.
La Fraîcheur, rosy-white, centre yellowish.
Madame Desprez, white, centre lemon.
Marjolin de Luxembourg, dark crimson, superb, very large and full.
Miellez, lemon-white, good.
Prince Charles, bright cherry, very double.
Tancrede, fine rosy-purple, distinct, large and full.
VIRIDIFLORA, GREEN, CURIOUS.
TEA-SCENTED ROSES.
Abricotée, fawn, apricot centre, large and double.
Adam, blush-rose, very sweet, very large and full.
Alba Rosa, white, centre rose, large, full, and very sweet.
Amabilis, flesh-color, large and full.
Archimede, rosy-fawn, darker centre, large and full.
Auguste Oger, rose, centre copper.
Auguste Vacher, yellow, shaded with copper-color, large and full.
Belle Chartronnaise, red, changing to crimson, large and full.
Belle de Bordeaux, pink, large and full, habit and growth of Gloire de
Dijon.
Bride of Abydos, white, shaded with pink, large.
Buret, bright rosy-purple, distinct, large and full.
Caroline, blush-pink, centre delicate rose, large and full.
Clara Sylvain, pure white, centre cream, large and full.
Climbing Devoniensis, identical with the old Devoniensis flower, but of
a rapid running growth, and hence valuable as a clumber.
Comte de Paris, flesh colored rose, superb, very large and full.
Comtesse de Brossard, bright yellow, large and full.
Comtesse de Labaethk, salmon-pink.
Comtesse Ouvaroff, rose-shaded, large and full.
David Pradel, rose, large and full.
Delmink Gaudot, white, large and double.
Duc de Magenta, salmon, very large and full.
Élise Sauvage, yellow, centre orange, beautiful, large and full.
Enfant de Lyon, pale yellow, large and full.
Eugène Desgaches, clear rose, beautiful, large and full, vert sweet.
General Tartas, dark rose, large and full.
Gerard; esbois, bright red, large and full, very showy.
Gloire de Bordeaux, silvery-rose, the back of the petals rosy, very
large and full.
Goubault, bright rose, centre buff, very large and double.
Grandiflora, shaded rose, very large and double.
Homer, rose, centre salmon, variable, large, full, and good.
Jaune d'Or, fine golden-yellow, of medium size, full, form globular.
Jaune of Smith (Yellow Noisette), straw-color, large and full.
Julie Mansais, pure white, large and full.
La Boule d'Or, deep golden-yellow, large and full.
Lais, pale yellow, full, of fine form, blooms freely.
L'Enfant Trouvé, fine, large, pale yellow.
Le Pactole, pale yellow.
Louise de Savoie, fine yellow, large and full.
Madame Blachet, pale rose, medium and double.
Madame Bravy, creamy-white, large and full, perfect shape.
Madame Charles, sulphur-yellow, salmon centre, large, full, and of good
form, free bloomer.
Madame de Sertot, cream, good.
Madame de St. Joseph, salmon-pink, beautiful, very large and double,
very sweet.
Madame de Tartas, bright rose, large and full, free bloomer.
Madame de Vatry, deep rose, large and full.
Madame Falcot, yellow, in the way of Safrano, but of a deeper shade, and
more double.
Madame Halphin, salmon-pink, centre yellowish, large and full.
Madame Lartay, yellow, shaded with salmon, large and full.
Madame Villermoz, white, centre salmon, large, full, and good.
Mademoiselie Adèle Jougant, clear yellow, medium size.
Madame Maurin, white, shaded with salmon, large and full.
Madame Pauline Labonté, salmon, large and full.
Maréchal Bugeaud, bright rose, large and full.
Maréchal Niel, beautiful deep yellow, large, full, and of globular form,
very sweet, the shoots well clothed with large shining leaves.
Marquise de Foucault, white, fawn, and yellow, variable, large and
double, one of the best.
Mirabile, pale yellow, edges dark rose, pretty, distinct.
Narcisse, fine pale yellow, large and full.
Nina, blush rose, fine, large and double.
Nisida, rose and yellow shaded, large and double.
Odorata, blush, centre rose, large and full.
President, rose, shaded with salmon, very large, and of good form.
Princess Adelaide, yellow, large and full.
Princesse Marie, rosy-pink, large and full, form globular.
Regulus, bright rose, shaded with copper, large and full.
Reine des Pays Bas, pale sulphur, free bloomer.
Rubens, white, shaded with rose, yellowish centre, large, full, and fine
form.
Socrates, deep rose, centre apricot, large, full.
Sombreuil, white, tinged with rose, very large and full.
Souvenir de David, bright cherry-color, distinct and good.
Souvenir d'Élise Vardon, creamy-white, centre yellowish, very large and
full; a splendid rose.
Souvenir de Mademoiselle Eugénie Pernet, white, tinged with flesh-color,
and shaded 'with rose-salmon, large, full, and of good, hardy habit.
Triomphe de Guillot fils, white, shaded with rose and salmon, very
large, full, and sweet; one of the best.
Triomphe du Luxembourg, coppery-rose, superb, very large and full.
Vicomtesse de Cazes, yellow, centre deeper yellow, tinted with
copper-color, large and very double.
Victoria, yellow, changing to white, large and full.
NOISETTE ROSES.
Adèle pavie, white, rose centre.
Aimée Vibert Scandens, pure white, large clusters.
Baronne de Maynard, French white, beautifully cupped.
Blanche De Solville, creamy-white, tinged pink, strong grower.
Cerise, rosy-purple, very good.
Claudie Augustin, white, with yellowish centre.
Cornelia Koch, pale yellow, very full and fine form.
Desprez a Fleur Jaune, red, buff, and sulphur, variable, very sweet,
large and full.
Du Luxembourg, lilac-rose, centre deep red, large.
Éclair de Jupiter, bright crimson-scarlet, large and double.
Euphrosine, creamy-buff, very sweet and good.
Fallenberg, rosy-crimson, very free bloomer.
Jane Hardy, golden-yellow, large and full.
Jacques Ormyott, deep rose, fine.
La Biche, flesh-white, large and full.
Lady Emily Peel, shaded French white.
Lais, French white, large and good.
Madame Deslongchamps, creamy-white, deeper centre, beautiful.
Madame Gustave Bonnet, white, tinged with salmon, first class.
Madame Schultz, primrose, shaded with carmine, very sweet.
Mademoiselle Aristide, pale yellow, centre salmon, large and full.
Narcisse, fine pale yellow.
Octavie, crimson, large, strong grower.
Ophirie, nankeen and copper, distinct, full.
Phaloë, rosy-buff, very good.
Pumila Alba, white, small and double.
Triomphe de la Duchere, rosy-blush, large and full.
Triomphe de Rennes, canary, large, full, and fine.
Vicomtesse d'Avesne, light salmon-rose, large, full, and distinct.
BOURBON ROSES.
Appoline, light pink, large and full.
Aurore du Guide, purplish-violet, sometimes crimson-scarlet large and
full.
Baronne de Noirmont, pale, shaded rose, compact and good.
Bouquet de Flore, bright rosy-carmine.
Catherine Guillot, bright rosy-pink, compact, and first-rate.
Celine Gonod.
Charles Robin, flesh-color, small, full, and produced abundantly.
Comice de Tarne et Garonne, cherry-color.
Comte de Montijo, rich reddish-purple, velvety, fine shape.
Comtesse de Babbantannes, flesh-color, large, full, and of fine Form.
Docteur Berthet, brilliant cherry red, large, full, and good.
Docteur Lepreste, bright purplish-red, shaded.
Duc de Crillon, brilliant red, changing to bright rose, large and full.
Edith de Murat, flesh-color, changing to white, of fine form.
Emotion, delicate shaded blush, compact and good.
Empress Eugénie, pale rose, purple edges, large and full, good.
Ferdinand Dieppe, reddish-violet, bright and good.
George Cuvier, bright rose, fine form, large and full.
Gloire de Rosomènes, bright crimson, semi-double, but effective.
Glorietta, deep red, or crimson.
Gourdault, rich purple, fine form, full.
Josephine Clermont, pink, full.
Julie de Fontenelle, crimson-purple, fine form, full,
Justine, rosy-carmine, good, very double.
L'Avenir, bright rose, large, full, and of good form.
La Quintinie, bright crimson, shaded, or changing to blackish-violet,
full.
Le Florifère, rose, with a lilac and crimson tint, large and full.
Leon Oursel, light red, large, full, and good.
Louise Makgottin, beautiful bright rosy-pink, cupped and good.
Madame Angelina, rich cream, fawn centre, medium size, distinct.
Madame Cousin, flesh-colored rose, large and full.
Madame de Stella, delicate pink, very double, fine shape, first class.
Madame Desprez, lilac-rose, large and full.
Madame Élise de Chenier, bright rose, blooms freely.
Madame Helfenbein, pale rose, very good.
Madame Josephine Guyet, deep red.
Madame la Comtesse, bright pink, fine shape.
Madame Manoel, light-shaded pink, very large.
Madame Maréchal, flesh, white edges, distinct and good.
Madame Nerard, silvery-blush, centre pink.
Mademoiselle C. Riguet, pure white, very abundant bloomer.
Mademoiselle Félicité Truillot, bright rose, abundant bloomer.
Marguerite Bonnet, fleshy-white, large and good.
Marquis Balbiano, rose, tinged with silver, full, fine form, distinct.
Marquis d'Ivry, lilac-rose, forms a large and showy head.
Marquis de Moyra, rose, shaded with vermilion, fine form, large.
Marquis de Murat, pink, pale edges.
Menoux, bright red, approaching to scarlet, full.
Michel Bonnet, bright rosy-pink, fine.
Modèle de Perfection, delicate pink, compact, and most beautiful.
Monsieur Jard, cherry-red, large and full.
Octavie Fontaine, white, tinted with flesh-color, good shape.
Omar Pacha, brilliant red, large, full, and good form.
Phénix, purplish-red, large and fine.
Pierre St. Cyr, pink, large and full.
Prince de Chimay, purplish-crimson, large and fine, flowers freely.
Queen, buff-rose, free bloomer, large and double.
Heine de Castille, light rose, good.
Rev. H. Dombrain, brilliant carmine, fine shape.
Reveil, cherry, richly shaded with violet.
Souchkt, deep crimson-purple, vivid, superb.
Souvenir de Louis Gaudin, reddish-purple, shaded with black, fine form,
full, abundant bloomer.
Vicomte de Cussy, lively red, large, and very double.
Victor Emanuel, purple and purplish-maroon, large and double, good and
distinct.
HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSES.
Abbé Reynaud, clear dark violet, large, full, distinct, and fine; good
habit.
Abd-el-Kader, deep velvety-crimson, good.
Admiral Nelson, crimson, color beautiful.
Adolphe Noblet, rosy-carmine, very beautiful.
Agatoide, lively rose, shaded with deep rose, full.
Alcide Vigneron, bright rose, large and full.
Alexandre Dumas, velvety-maroon, highly scented.
Alexandre Fontaine, reddish-cerise, fine form.
Alexandrine Rachmeteff, bright red, large, full, and showy.
Alexandrine Belfroy, peach-color, large and full.
Alfred de Rougemont, crimson-purple, shaded with fiery red, very bright,
large and full.
Alpaide de Rotalier, fine transparent rose-color, glossy, large, full,
and of good form.
Alphonse Belin, clear brilliant red, the reverse of the petals whitish,
large, full, and of fine form.
Alphonse Damaizin, brilliant-shaded crimson, good form.
Alphonse de Lamartine, light rosy-pink.
Alphonse Karr, bright rose, full.
Amiral Gravina, blackish-purple, changing to amaranth, large and full.
Amiral la Peyrouse, brilliant crimson, sometimes dark crimson, shaded
with violet, large, full, and very fine.
André Leroy, purplish-crimson, fine color, large and full.
Anna Alexieff, pretty rose-color, large, full, and of good habit;
flowers freely.
Anna de Diesbach, clear rose, fine color, very large and showy.
Archevêque de Paris, shaded velvety-maroon.
Arles Dufour, deep purple, with violet centre, large, and deep
imbricated form, beautiful new rose.
Armide, rosy-salmon, distinct, imbricated, and full form.
Auguste Guinoisseau, shaded dark crimson, very large.
Aurore, salmon-rose, large and full, distinct.
Barlow, bright rosy-crimson.
Baron Adolphe de Rothschild, fiery red, petals often edged with white,
large, full, and very effective.
Baron Gonella, pink and lilac shaded, large, full, and fine.
Baronne Daumesnil, beautiful bright rose, large, full, and of good form.
Baronne de Heckeren, rosy-pink, very large and double. Baronne Hallez,
dark red, full, and of fine form.
Baronne Noirmont, deep rose, large, and of good form.
Baronne Pelletan de Kinkelin, crimson and purple shaded, colors
brilliant, large, full, and of fine form.
Beauté Française, velvety violet-red, reverse of petals fiery red,
large, full, and well formed.
Belle Anglaise, beautiful bright pink, fine shape.
Belle de Bourg la Reine, satin-rose, large and full, fine form. Belle
des Massifs, beautiful rosy-pink.
Belle du Printemps, beautiful pale, mottled rose.
Berceau Impérial, flesh-color, large and full.
Bernard Palissy, bright carmine, large, full, and very fine; good habit.
Buffon, light rosy-crimson.
Burke, rosy-lilac, or violet, full.
Catherine Guillot, deep pink, perfect form; one of the best.
Centifolia Rosea, bright pink, large, of beautiful cupped form.
Christian Puttner, purple, shaded with crimson, large and full.
Claude Million, scarlet-crimson, dashed with rose and violet, velvety,
large, full, and of excellent form, habit good.
Clement Marot, clear rosy-lilac, large and very double.
Cleostine, large rose, large, fine globular form.
Colonel de Rougemont, pale rose, shaded with carmine, very large and
full.
Colonel Soufflot, beautiful rosy-pink.
Comte Cavour, pale-shaded rose, fine.
Comte de Nanteuil, bright rose, darker edges, large and full.
Comtesse Barbantanne, flesh-color, large, full, and of fine form, free
and good.
Comtesse de Courcy, rose, shaded with brilliant red, flowers very
freely.
Comtesse de Kergorlay, bright glossy purple, large and full.
Comtesse de Séguier, velvety-red, shaded with violet, large and full.
Darzens, salmon-rose, large and double, very sweet.
Deuil de Prince Albert, blackish-crimson, shaded, centre fiery red,
large, full, and good.
Dominique Daran, dark crimson-purple, large and very double.
Dr. Juillard, rosy-purple, shaded with carmine, large and double.
Dr. Spitzer, bright red, large, fine globular form.
Duc D'Anjou, crimson, shaded with dark red, very large, full, and well
formed.
Duc De Bassano, dark velvety-crimson, cupped, large and full; one of the
best.
Due D'llarcourt, bright reddish-carmine, blooming freely and in
clusters, large and full.
Duc De Ruschpler, deep rose, full.
Duc D'Ossuna, rich crimson.
Duchesse de Magenta, flesh, changing to white, distinct and beautiful.
Duchesse d'Orléans, fine lavender-blush, large, full, and good.
Duchess of Norfolk, rich purple-crimson, medium, double.
Duchess of Sutherland, pale rose, large, and very double.
Duke of Cambridge, cherry-red, fine form.
Éclair de Jupiter, rosy-crimson, large and showy.
Émile Dulac, bright rose, large, full, and deeply cupped; the best of
the color.
Emotion, white, tinted with rose, of medium size, full, form perfect,
flowers abundantly.
Eugène Appert, scarlet and crimson shaded, splendid colors, fine
foliage, free bloomer.
Eugène Verdier, dark violet, large, full, and of perfect form; one of
the best.
Eugénie Ledkun, dark crimson, large and full.
Evoque de Nismes, scarlet and crimson, full, flat form.
Fernando, fiery red, tinted with white, large, full, and very sweet.
Francois Bacharme, bright carmine, changing to red, full and globular; a
superb rose.
Francois Louvat, lilac-red, large, full, globular, good, and distinct.
François Premier, cherry-red, shaded, fine form.
Gabriel de Peyronney, fiery red, shaded with violet towards the centre,
large, full, and of fine form.
Général Castellane, bright crimson, large and full.
General Simpson, bright carmine, full and free.
George Paul, bright red, velvety, blooming in clusters, large and full.
George Prince, fine brilliant red, shaded with dark rose, reverse of
petals whitish, large, full, form globular.
Gloire de Chatillon, brilliant red, shaded with violet, large and full.
Gloire de Vitry, bright rose, large and full.
Gloire du Sacré Coeur, flesh-colored rose, tipped with bright red, and
shaded with purple; good habit.
Gustave Coraux, bright purple, free in autumn.
Gustave Rousseau, purple, shaded with violet-red, large, and full.
Henri IV., shaded vermilion, very good.
Héroïne Vaucluse, clear rose, beautiful form, free bloomer.
H. Laurentius, fine reddish-crimson, shaded with black, velvety, large,
and full; form cupped.
Hortense Blachette, white, with rosy centre, medium size, full.
Impératrice Eugénie, white, tinted with rose, full and good.
Impératrice Maria Alexandria, white, tinged with blush, good form,
medium size, full.
James Dickson, velvety-lake, semi-double.
Jean-Baptiste Guillot, velvety-carmine.
Jean Bart, red and violet shaded, brilliant, very effective.
Jean Goujon, beautiful clear red, very large, full, and good.
Jean Touvais, beautiful reddish-purple, shaded with crimson, very large,
full, and of excellent form; blooms freely.
John Hopper, rose, crimson centre, reverse of the petals purplish-lilac,
large and full.
John Standish, very dark crimson, fine globular form.
Joseph Flala, bright dark-red, with whitish edging, large and full, form
cupped.
Kate Hausburg, fine bright rose, large, full, and of excellent shape and
substance.
L'Abbé Laury, bright red.
L'Avenir, glossy pink, large, full, and of good form.
La Brillante, transparent carmine, very bright and beautiful, large, and
of fine form.
La Duchesse de Morny, bright but delicate rose-color, the reverse of the
petals silvery, large and full, form globular.
L'Éblouissante, brilliant red, large, full, and of good habit.
L'Éclatante, bright red, changing to violet-red, large, full, and of
good form.
L'Élégante, blush-white, full, free, flat form.
Lælia, shaded rose, very large, full, and very fine.
La Esmeralda, bright cherry-color, large, full, and of good form.
Lafontaine, purplish-rose, very large and full.
La Phocéenne, blackish-crimson, fine shell-shaped, cupped form.
La Pivoine, shaded rosy-carmine, peculiar foliage.
La Reine de la Pape, fine rosy-pink, large and beautiful.
La Tour de Courcy, rosy-pink, very good.
Laurent Descourt, deep purplish-crimson, rich and velvety, large and
full.
La Ville de St. Denis, rosy-carmine, fine form, large and full.
Le Baron de Rothschild, dark reddish-carmine, sometimes shaded with
violet, very large and full.
Le Géant, clear bright rose, tinted with violet, very large and full,
blooms freely; the largest rose yet introduced.
Le Mont d'Oe, pale rose, cupped and double.
Léopold Hausbuug, bright carmine, shaded with purple, large and double,
of fine form.
Léopold Premier, bright dark-red, very large and full, fine form.
Léon des Combats, reddish-violet, often shaded with scarlet, large and
full.
Lord Clyde, crimson and purple, deeply shaded, large and full.
Lord Herbert, rosy-carmine, the petals reflexing at the summits; large,
full, finely formed.
Lord Palmerston, cherry-red, full, fine form; flowers freely.
Louis Van Houtte, bright rosy-carmine, very large, full, and of fine,
globular form.
Louis XIV., rich blood-color, large and full, form globular; a distinct
and beautiful variety.
Louise Damaizin, white, with peach centre, good size and form.
Louise Darzens, pure white, not large, but full, and of fine form; one
of the best for massing.
Louise d'Autriche, rose, large and full.
Louise Gulino, velvety-maroon, fine.
Louise Odier, fine bright rose, full, very free bloomer.
Madame Alfred de Rougemont, pure white, lightly and delicately shaded
with rose and carmine, large and full, shape of the Cabbage Rose; one of
the best.
Madame Van Geert, rosy-pink, striped white, very beautiful.
Madame Boutin, cherry-crimson, large and full.
Madame Brianson, reddish-carmine, shaded with light red, very large and
full.
Madame Bruni, delicate peach, large and full.
Madame Caillat, bright cerise, large, full, and of good habit.
Madame C. Crapelet, rosy-red, large, full, and very fine.
Madame Celine Touvais, shaded carmine.
Madame Charles Boy, shaded rosy-crimson, good shape.
Madame Charles Wood, vinous-crimson, very large, full, and effective.
Madame Crespin, rose, shaded with dark violet, medium size, full, form
good.
Madame de Cambacérès, rosy-carmine, large and full, fine form.
Madame de Canrobert, white, slightly tinged with peach, large and full,
nicely cupped.
Madame Derreux Douville, delicate glossy rose, bordered with white,
large, full, and of fine form; good habit.
Madame de Stella, bright rose, large, full, and of fine form.
Madame Domage, bright rose, very large and double.
Madame Duchère, rosy-white, delicate tint, full.
Madame Emain, fine purplish-red, globular, large and full.
Madame Ernest Dréol, dark rose, shaded with lilac, large, full, and of
good form, foliage fine.
Madame Eugène Verdier, deep pink, large, full, and finely cupped.
Madame Freeman, creamy-white, medium size, globular and full, thoroughly
perpetual.
Madame Hector Jacquin, clear rose, shaded with lilac, large and full.
Madame Helye, carmine, shaded-lilac, medium, distinct.
Madame Julie Daran, purplish-vermilion, glossy, very large and full; one
of the best.
Madame Laffay, rosy-crimson, large and double.
Madame Louise Carique, fine rose and carmine, full.
Madame Masson, reddish-crimson, changing to violet, velvety, large and
full.
Madame Melaine, shaded vermilion.
Madame Pauline Villot, crimson-purple, fine form; blooms freely.
Madame Phelip, silvery-rose, beautifully shaded with crimson, small and
pretty.
Madame Pierson, bright red, silvery edges, large and globular.
Madame Place, beautiful light rose, small, but pretty form.
Madame Schmidt, shaded rosy-pink, large and beautiful.
Madame Souppert, beautiful pale flesh-color, fine form.
Madame Standish, clear pale pink, delicate color, large and full
Madame Sylvain Caubert, bright rose, delicately edged with white; very
distinct.
Madame Thérèse Levet, pale pink, globular and good.
Madame Valembourg, bright purplish-red, shaded, large, full, and of good
form.
Madame Victor Verdier, rich bright rosy-cherry color, large, full, and
fine formed, cupped; blooms in clusters.
Madame Vigneron, pale rose, large and full, very sweet and good.
Mademoiselle Alice Leroy, delicate rose, shaded, fine form full.
Mademoiselle Betsy Hainman, brilliant cerise; a most effective climber.
Mademoiselle Bonnaire, white, rosy-centre, large, full, and of exquisite
form; one of the best.
Mademoiselle Emain, white, rosy centre, full, and of good form.
Mademoiselle Gabrielle de peyronney, bright red, with shaded centre,
large, full.
Mademoiselle Goddard, rosy-pink, light margin, good.
Thérèse Appert, peach-color, large and full, cupped, good shape, free
bloomer.
Maréchal Canrobert, fine bright rose, sometimes shaded with purple, very
large, habit good.
Maréchal Forey, velvety-crimson, reverse of petals violet, large and
full.
Maréchal Souchet, beautiful reddish-crimson, shaded with dark maroon,
very large and full, petals also large, habit good, one of the best.
Maréchal Souchet (Damaizin), fine rosy-carmine, large, full, and of
exquisite form.
Maréchal Vaillant, purplish-red, very large, full, and of good form.
Marguerite Appert, lavender-blush, large and full, form cupped, pretty
and distinct.
Marie Portemer, purplish-red, full, and fine form.
Mathurin Regnier, beautiful pale rose, large and full.
Maxime, violet-rose, large and full.
Mexico, velvety reddish-purple, shaded with blackish-violet, large and
full, blooms freely, habit good.
Modèle de Perfection, lively pink, very pretty, blooms freely; one of
the best.
Monsieur de Montigny, rosy-carmine, large and full.
Monsieur Joigneaux, shaded maroon, strong grower.
Monsieur Moreau, shaded crimson.
Monte Christo, blackish-purple, often dashed with scarlet, very rich
color, large and good in form.
Mrs. Charles Wood, bright red, large, full, and superb form. Mrs.
Elliot, purple, large and double.
Murillo, rich purplish-red, shaded with carmine and violet, large,
double, and of good form.
Noemi, blush, pink centre, full.
Notre Dame de Fourvières, pale satin-rose, large and full.
Oderic Vital, silvery-rose, large and full, good form.
Olivier Delhomme, brilliant purplish-red, large, and perfect shape,
foliage handsome.
Panachée d'Orléans, flesh, striped with rose and purple, distinct.
parmentier, rosy-pink, blooms freely, very brilliant.
Paul de la Meilleray, fine purplish-cerise, very large, full, and of
excellent form.
Paul Desgrand, fine bright-red, large and full, form globular.
Paul Dupuy, velvety-crimson, shaded, large and full.
Paul Feval, cherry-color, large and full, form cupped.
Pauline Lansézeur, bright crimson, changing to violet, full.
Pauline Villot, shaded rosy-carmine, compact and good.
Pavillon de Pregny, white and red, medium size, full, most abundant
bloomer.
Peter Lawson, brilliant red, shaded with carmine, large and double.
Pierre Notting, blackish-red, shaded with violet, very large and full,
form globular, habit good; one of the best.
Prairie de Terre Noire, velvety-purple, large and full.
Prince Henri des Pays Bas, bright crimson, shaded with velvety-purple,
of medium size, full, fine.
Prince Impérial, rosy-carmine, large and full.
Prince Leon, fine bright crimson, large, and very double.
Prince Noir, very dark maroon, good climber.
Princess Alice, bright rose, the reverse of the petals whitish, large.
full, and sweet; a distinct and desirable variety.
Princesse Impériale Clotilde, glossy-white, pink centre.
Princesse Mathilde, crimson, maroon, and purple shaded, colors
exquisite, medium size, double, form expanded; a good hardy variety.
Professor Koch, bright rosy-cerise, shaded with carmine, beautifully
cupped; one of the best.
Queen, rose, very large and beautiful.
Red Rover, fiery red, growth more than usually vigorous, flowering up to
Christmas. Not double, enough for a Show Rose, but the finest and most
effective of Pillar Roses.
Reine de Castille, whitish-rose, large and full, of good habit, and
blooms freely.
Reine de la Cité, blush, pink centre, large, full, and of good habit.
Reynolds Hole, lively pink, increasing in brilliancy as the flowers
advance in age, large, not very full.
Richard Smith, velvety-maroon, very dark.
Robert Fortune, bright red, large, full, and good.
Sénateur Reveil, brilliant reddish-crimson, shaded with dark purple,
large and full, form fine, blooms freely, habit good.
Simon Oppenheim, maroon, shaded vermilion, very fine.
Souvenir de Béranger, light rose, very large and double.
Souvenir de Charles Montault, brilliant red, cupped, large and full,
free bloomer.
Souvenir de Comte Cavour, crimson and black shaded, of good size and
form.
Souvenir de Lady Eardley, reddish-scarlet, richly shaded, large, very
light, and effective.
Souvenir de Leveson gower, fine dark red, changing to ruby, very large
and full.
Souvenir de M. Rousseau, scarlet, changing to crimson, shaded with
maroon, very rich and velvety, large and very double.
Toujours Fleuri, violet-purple, full and good.
Triomphe d'Alencon, bright red, very large, full, and fine.
Triomphe d'Amiens, vivid crimson, sometimes striped with lake, large and
double.
Triomphe-d'Angers, crimson-scarlet, large, full, free.
Triomphe de Bagatelle, bright cherry-carmine, large, full, and free.
Triomphe de Caen, deep velvety-purple, shaded with scarlet-crimson,
large and full.
Triomphe de Lyon, shaded maroon, beautiful.
Triomphe de Villecresnes, clear red, more brilliant at the centre, large
and full, blooms freely.
Turenne, brilliant red, large, handsome petals, very effective.
Vainqueur de Goliath, brilliant crimson-scarlet, very large and double.
Vainqueur de Solferino, dark red, brighter centre, large, full, blooms
abundantly.
Vase d'élection, bright rose.
Veloutée d'Orléans, brilliant velvety-red, almost scarlet, large and
full.
Vicomte Vigier, bright violet-red, large, full, and good.
Vicomtesse Belleval, beautiful blush, large and full, fine form, blooms
freely, habit good.
Vicomtesse de Montesquieu, double white, useful as a bedder.
Vicomtesse Douglas, beautiful rose, the reverse of the petals whitish,
very large and full, form cupped.
Victor Trouillard, brilliant crimson and purple shaded, large and full.
Vulcan, bright purplish-violet, shaded with black, good and distinct.
Wilhelm Pfitzer, brilliant red, color often superb, large and full.
William Jesse, crimson, tinged with lilac, superb, very large and
double.
William Paul, brilliant reddish-crimson, large and full; a free, hardy,
late-blooming rose, excellent for bedding.
PERPETUAL MOSS ROSES.
Alfred de Dalmas, rose, edges rosy-white, blooming in clusters, full.
Eugène de Savoie, bright red, large and full.
Eugénie Guinoiseau, bright cherry, changing to violet, large, full, and
well mossed.
Hortense Vernet, white, tinged with light rose, fine, large, and full.
James Veitch, deep violet, shaded with crimson, large and double.
Madame la Rivière, rosy-pink, distinct and good.
Pompone, mottled rose, abundant bloomer.
Raphael, flesh-color, flowering in corymbs, large, full.
NEW ROSES OF 1866
The following are the most promising of the latest new roses. The
descriptions are those of the raisers; and as the varieties have not
yet bloomed in this country, and very few of them in England, it is
impossible to speak of them definitely. Most of them are results of the
skill and perseverance of French cultivators.
The letters immediately succeeding the name refer to the class,--H. P.,
Hybrid Perpetual; B., Bourbon; T., Tea-scented,
ABBÉ BERLÈZE, H. P.; flowers varying from bright-reddish cerise to
rosy-carmine, large, full, and of fine form; growth vigorous.
ACHILLE GONOD, H. P.; flowers bright-reddish carmine; a seedling from
Jules Margottin; very large and full; extra fine foliage, dark green;
growth vigorous.
ADRIENNE DE CARDOVILLE, B.; flowers delicate rose, of medium size; full,
perfect form.
AUGUSTE RIVIÈRE, H. P.; flowers beautiful bright-reddish carmine, the
reverse of the petals of a paler hue, distinctly edged with white;
large, and of regular globular form; growth vigorous.
BAPTISTE DESPORTES, H. P.; flowers bright scarlet, very abundant, of
medium size, full; growth vigorous.
BARONNE DE MAYNARD, B.; flowers beautiful pure white, of medium size,
fine form; growth vigorous.
BEAUTY OF WESTERHAM, H. P. (Cattell); flowers brilliant scarlet; foliage
bright green; habit free and vigorous; fragrance powerful.
BELLE NORMANDE, H. P.; flowers pale rose, shaded with silvery white;
very large and Bill; form globular; growth vigorous; of the race of La
Reine.
BELLE ROSE, H. P.; flowers bright rose, very large, full, and of fine
globular form; very sweet; habit good; growth vigorous.
CAPITAINE ROGNAT, H. P.; flowers brilliant red; cupped, large and full;
growth vigorous.
CHARLES MARGOTTIN, H. P.; flowers brilliant carmine, their centre fiery
red, very large, full, and sweet; form fine; outer petals large and
round; growth vigorous; of the race of Jules Margottin.
CHARLES WOOD, H. P.; flowers deep red, shaded with blackish-crimson,
very large, full, and of tine form; growth vigorous.
CLIMBING DEVONIENSIS, T.; identical with the old Devoniensis in flower,
but of a rapid running growth, and hence valuable as a climber.
COMTESSE DE PARIS, H. P.; beautiful, distinct lively rose, with lighter
edges; flowers very large and double; habit vigorous; a very beautiful
variety.
DENIS HELYE, H. P.; flowers brilliant rosy-carmine; lovely color; very
large and full; very effective; growth vigorous.
DR. ANDRY, H. P.; flowers dark bright-red; very large, full, and
perfectly imbricated; growth vigorous.
DUCHESSE DE CAYLUS, H. P.; flowers brilliant carmine; large, full, and
of perfect form; growth vigorous; foliage very rich and fine.
DUCHESSE DE MEDINA COLI, H. P.; flowers dark blood-purple; large, full,
good, and distinct; growth vigorous.
DUKE OF WELLINGTON, II. P.; flowers bright velvety-red, shaded with
blackish-maroon; their centre fiery red; large and full; growth
vigorous.
ELIZABETH VIGNERON, II. P.; flowers fine rosy-pink, very large and full;
in the style of Laelia, but fuller, fresher, and brighter in color;
constitution hardy; growth vigorous.
GÉNÉRAL D'HAUTPOULT, H. P.; flowers brilliant reddish-scarlet; the
centre petals sometimes striped with white; large, full, and of globular
form.
GLORY OF WALTHAM, H. P.(Paul)-, flowers rich crimson, very large and
full; a seedling from Leveson Gower; larger, brighter, darker, and of
better form, than the parent; a superb rose, of hardy, vigorous growth.
JEAN ROSENKRANTZ, H. P.; flowers brilliant coral-red; large, full, and
of perfect form; growth vigorous.
JOHN KEYNES, H. P.; flowers bright reddish-scarlet, shaded with maroon;
large and full; growth vigorous. .
KING'S ACRE, H. (Cranston); flowers bright vermilion-rose; reverse of
petals satiny; large, and of fine cupped form; foliage, rich dark-green;
growth vigorous.
MADAME VERSCHAFFELT, H. P.; flowers beautiful delicate rose; large,
full, and of fine form; growth vigorous; shoots almost thornless.
MADAME ANDRÉ LEROY, H. P.; flowers salmon-rose; large, very double, form
fine; growth vigorous.
MADAME CHARLES, T.; flowers sulphur or yellow, their centre salmon;
large, full, of good form, and very abundant; growth vigorous; of the
race of Madame Damaizin.
MADAME CHARLES VERDIER, H. F.; flowers fine vermeil-rose; very large,
full, and of fine form; growth vigorous.
MADAME ÉLISE VILMORIN, H. P.; flowers dark vermilion, shaded with
blackish-crimson; large, full, of good form, and very abundant; growth
vigorous.
MADAME ÉMILE BOYAU, H. P.; flowers soft, rosy flesh-color, changing to
blush; sufficiently large, perfect in form, moderate in growth, hardy in
constitution; good and distinct.
MADAME GUSTAVE BONNET, B.; flowers white, shaded with rose and carmine;
of medium size, full, very abundant, form globular; growth vigorous.
MADAME HERMAN STENGER, H. P.; flowers rose, suffused with lilac; their
centre shaded with sulphur; large and full; the outer petals large, form
cupped; growth vigorous.
MADAME MOREAU, H. P.; flowers brilliant red, shaded with violet; very
large, full; outer petals large; very sweet; growth vigorous.
MADAME ROUSSET, II. P.; flowers beautiful pale rose; the reverse of
the petals silvery, large, full, finely cupped, and good habit; growth
vigorous.
MADEMOISELLE AMELIE HALPHEN, H. P.; flowers fine rosy-carmine; large,
full, of fine form, bright and beautiful; habit good; growth vigorous. .
MADEMOISELLE LOIDE DE FALLOUX, H. P.; white, suffused or veined with
rose; flowers large, double, and of good form; habit vigorous.
MARÉCHAL NIEL, T.; flowers beautiful deep-yellow; large, full, and of
globular form, very sweet; growth vigorous; the shoots well clothed with
large shining leaves.
MARGUERITE BONNET, B.; flowers white, shaded with flesh-color; large,
full, and of fine form; growth vigorous; of the race of Louise Odier.
MARGUERITE DE ST. AMAND, H. P.; flowers rosy flesh-color; large, full,
of fine form, and abundant; habit fine; growth vigorous; of the race of
Jules Margottin.
MARIE BOISSÉE, H. P.; blush-white in opening, passing to pure white
when expanded; flowers double and cup-shaped; habit vigorous; very
free-flowering.
MICHEL BONNET, B.; flowers beautiful bright rose; large and full; growth
vigorous.
MONSIEUR DE PONTBRIANT, H. P.; flowers dark blackish-crimson, shaded
with carmine; very large, full, of good form; growth vigorous.
MONSIEUR ÉDOUARD ORY, H. P.; flowers beautiful vermilion; large, full,
and of globular form; fine habit; growth vigorous.
PRINCE DE JOINVILLE, H. P.; flowers light crimson; a fine, large, showy
rose, of vigorous and hardy habit.
PRINCE EUGENE BEAUHARNAIS, H. P.; flowers brilliant reddish-scarlet,
shaded with purple; large and full; form cupped; growth vigorous.
PRINCE NAPOLÉON, H. P.; flowers bright rose; very large and very double;
growth vigorous; very effective.
PRINCESS LICHTENSTEIN, H. P.; flowers white, globular, large and full; a
good hardy, white rose, of compact growth, flowering abundantly.
ROSA MUNDI, H. P.; pure rose, flowers large, double, globular, and
well-shaped; habit vigorous.
RUSHTON RADCLYFFE, H. P.; flowers beautiful clear bright red; large,
full, and of perfect form; growth vigorous.
SEMIRAMIS, H. P.; flowers clear pink; large, full, and of fine globular
form; growth vigorous.
SOUVENIR DE BERNARDIN DE ST. PIERRE, II. P.; flowers varying from
crimson to violet; their centre fiery red; large, full, and of fine
form; habit good; growth vigorous.
SOUVENIR DE LOUIS GAUDIN, B.; flowers fine reddish-purple, shaded with
black; of medium size, full; very abundant; form fine.
SOUVENIR DE WILLIAM WOOD, H. P.; flowers dark blackish-purp e, shaded
with scarlet; darker than Prince Camille de Rohan; large, full, and very
effective; growth vigorous.
TRIOMPHE DE LA TERRE DES ROSES, H. P.; flowers fine violet-rose, very
large and full; very sweet; blooms freely.
TRIOMPHE DES FRANÇAIS, H. P.; flowers brilliant crimson; large, very
double; growth vigorous; fine habit; very free.
WILLIAM BULL, H. P.; flowers brilliant cherry-red; large, full, and of
fine globular form; growth vigorous.
XAVIER OLIBO, H. P.; flowers velvety-black, shaded with fiery amarant,
colors exceedingly rich; large; well formed; growth vigorous.
THE END.