CHAPTER XXXV.

FROM THE VICTORIA NYANZA TO ZANZIBAR.

Missionary work along the shores of the Victoria Nyanza and along

the Congo River--The road from Mackay’s Mission--The country at

Gengé--Considerable difficulty at preserving the peace at

Kungu--Rupture of peace at Ikoma--Capture and release of

Monangwa--The Wasukuma warriors attack us, but finally

retire--Treachery--The natives follow us from Nera to Seké--We

enter the district of Sinyanga: friendship between the natives and

our men--Continued aggression of the natives--Heavy

tributes--Massacre of a caravan--The district of Usongo, and its

chief Mittinginya--His surroundings and neighbours--Two French

missionaries overtake us--Human skulls at Ikungu--We meet one of

Tippu-Tib’s caravans from Zanzibar--Troubled Ugogo--Lieut. Schmidt

welcomes us at the German station of Mpwapwa--Emin Pasha visits the

Pères of the French mission of San Esprit--The Fathers unacquainted

with Emin’s repute--Our mails in Africa continually going

astray--Contents of some newspaper clippings--Baron von Gravenreuth

and others meet us at Msua--Arrival of an Expedition with European

provisions, clothing and boots for us--Major Wissman--He and

Schmidt take Emin and myself on to Bagamoyo--Dinner and guests at

the German officers’ mess-house--Major Wissman proposes the healths

of the guests; Emin’s and my reply to the same--Emin’s accident--I

visit Emin in the hospital--Surgeon Parke’s report--The feeling at

Bagamoyo--Embark for Zanzibar--Parting words with Emin

Pasha--Illness of Doctor Parke--Emin Pasha enters the service of

the German Government--Emin Pasha’s letter to Sir John Kirk--Sudden

termination of Emin’s acquaintance with me--Three occasions when I

apparently offended Emin--Emin’s fears that he would be

unemployed--The British East African Company and Emin--Courtesy and

hospitality at Zanzibar--Moneys due to the survivors of the Relief

Expedition--Tippu-Tib’s agent at Zanzibar, Jaffar Tarya--The

Consular Judge grants me an injunction against Jaffar Tarya--At

Cairo--Conclusion.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Sept. 16.

Victoria

Nyanza.]

[Sidenote: 1889.

Sept. 17.

Victoria

Nyanza.]

It is fifteen years ago this month since I first saw this Victorian Sea,

and launched my boat on its waters, and sailed along the shores, peering

into the bays and creeks, and mapping out the area. Six months later

those two journals, the “Daily Telegraph” and “New York Herald”

published the fact to every person who could afford the small sum of one

penny, that the greatest Lake of Africa had been explored, and that at

the north end of the Lake there was an African King ruling three

millions of cleanly people, who cried out that he was in darkness and

required light. And some good men heard the cry, and responded to it

nobly. They sent missionaries to the King, and for years they taught him

and his people, at first with little success, but by-and-by some of the

seed fell upon good soil, and it took root and flourished, and despite

the tares and the thistles and rank grasses that grew in the virgin

soil, there was a good harvest.

In turning towards the sea, the thought came across my mind that

elsewhere on the Congo, for 1400 miles from the western ocean, it had

been permitted to me to float the steamers along that river, and build

the Stations on its banks, which in 1887 were to be of great service to

me to carry myself and my followers along the great river, and to offer

shelter where we should meet with welcome and hospitality in the same

manner, as this Missionary Station, which we were about to leave, had

received us in 1889 with honour and regard. Truly I felt inclined to use

the metaphor of the Preacher, and to admit that the bread I had cast

upon the waters had returned to me abundantly after many days.

I do not propose to linger long over the lands intervening between Lake

Victoria and Bagamoyo. I have already described them, and it is needless

to repeat what is already written.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Sept. 18.

Gengé]

The road from Mackay’s Mission takes a south-easterly direction in order

to cross the little stream, which as it approaches the creek at the

south-eastward of Lake Victoria forms a swamp about five yards wide. It

then turns northerly, runs parallel with the creek a little way, and

then strikes easterly over a low plain, where the soil seems to be so

poor as to grow a grass not much higher than rock moss. The 500 yards

wide swamp reminded me that the French missionaries, since their

settlement near the Lake at Bukumbi, have ascertained that the Lake is

now three feet lower than when they first settled here--that is about

eleven years ago--that Ukerewé is no longer an island but is a

peninsula. If this be true, and there is no reason to doubt it, and

assuming that the decrease of the Lake has been uniform, a decrease of

fifty feet in the Lake has required 183 years. At the time when

Frederick the Great was crowned King of Prussia Lake Victoria must have

been over 40,000 square miles in extent. It covers now, by this last

discovery at the south-western extremity of the Lake, as near as I am

able to measure it 26,900 square miles.

The appearance of the country at Gengé, which had steadily improved

since leaving the neighbourhood of Makolo inlet, suggested to our

coloured people that the missionaries had not made a wise choice in

settling in Usambiro. They did not reflect that the more populous a

district in Usukuma, or Unyamwezi is, it becomes less tenable to poor

missionaries, that the taxes, demands, and blackmail of the headstrong

and bumptious chief would soon be so onerous that starvation would be

imminent and the oppression unbearable.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Sept. 20.

Ikoma.]

As, for instance, we reached Ikoma on the 20th. At Gengé and at Kungu we

had considerable difficulty in preserving the peace. The path was beset

by howling mobs, who came up dancing and uttering war-cries. This

mattered very little, but some demon of a youth was mischievous enough

to push both parties into a wordy war about whether we were cannibals or

not. They took the cicatrices on the Soudanese’s features as proof that

they were maneaters, and maneaters had no business in their country. But

while something like a camp was being formed, though bush was scarce,

and grass was not to be discovered, there came a follower of the

Egyptians, a sinister-looking object; an arrow had pierced his arm, his

head was gashed with an axe, he had been robbed of his clothes and

allowance of cloth at Zanzibar, and his rifle. Two words were only

needed to have amply revenged him. We pocketed it, and many another

insult that day, and the next we marched to Ikoma, the residential

district of the chief, and naturally, being the seat of power, it was

four times more populous.

Our business at Ikoma was very simple. Mr. Mackay had informed us that

Mr. Stokes, the English ivory trader, had a station there, that the

principal chief, Malissa, was his friend, and that at this station Mr.

Stokes had a supply of European provisions--biscuits, butter, ham,

bacon, &c.--that he wished to dispose of. Well, we were ten Europeans in

number, every one of whom was blessed with devouring appetites. We

agreed to call that way and purchase them at any cost, and Mr. Mackay

furnished us with two Zanzibari guides. Therefore, though the Kungu

natives had been dangerously insolent, we thought that at Malissa’s, the

friend of Stokes, we should be asked to overlook the matter, as being

mere noisy ebullitions of a few intractable youths.

Before us, in the centre of a plain which three or four centuries ago,

perhaps, was covered with the waters of Lake Victoria, there rose what

must have been once a hilly island, but now the soil had been thoroughly

scoured away, and left the frame of the island only in ridges of grey

gneissic rock, and ruined heaps of monoliths and boulders and vast rock

fragments, and under the shadow, and between these in narrow levels,

were grouped a population of about 5000 people; and within sound of

musket-shot, or blare of horn, or ringing cries, were congeries of

hamlets out on the plain round about this natural fortress, and each

hamlet surrounded by its own milk-weed hedge. In the plain west of the

isleted rock-heaps, I counted twenty-three separate herds of cattle,

besides flocks of sheep and goats, and we concluded that Ikoma was

prosperous, and secure in its vast population and its impregnable

rock-piles.

As we drew near there came scores of sleek and merry youths and girls,

who kept laughing and giggling and romping about us like healthy,

guileless young creatures, enjoying their youth and life. We travelled

up a smooth easy pass flanked by piles of rocks rising to 200 feet above

us, which narrowed somewhat as we approached the chief’s village.

Presently a multitude of warriors came forward on the double quick

towards us, making a brave display of feathers, shining spears, and

floating robes, and drew up in front of the column to drive it back.

They were heard shrilly screaming and sputtering their orders to the

guides, who were telling them that we were only a caravan--friends of

Stokes and Malissa; but the madmen drowned every word with storms of

cries, and menaced the guides and men of the advance. I walked up to

ascertain what was the matter, and I became an object to some fellows,

who raced at me with levelled spears. One man seized my rifle; two

Zanzibaris came up to my assistance, and tore the rifle from his hands;

bows were drawn, and spears were lifted; two of our men were wounded,

and in a second we were engaged in clearing the crowd away. In this

close _mêlée_ about ten lives were lost, and a Monangwa was captured.

After this burst of hostility there would be no chance of purchasing

provisions, and as the rocks had already begun to be lined with

musketeers and bowmen, we had to withdraw as quickly as possible from

the pass, and form camp somewhere before we should be overwhelmed.

We found a pool of water near the end of the loose rock ridges; a huge

monolith or two stood upright like Druids’ stones outside. We completed

the circle with bales and boxes, and grassy huts, and camped to wait the

upshot.

From our camp we could see the ancient bed of the Lake spreading out for

a distance of many miles. Every half-mile or so there was a large

cluster of hamlets, each separated from the other by hedges of

milk-weed. The plain separating these clusters was common pasture

ground, and had been cropped by hungry herds as low as stone moss. On

our way to the camp a herd of cattle had been captured, but they had

been released; we had a Monangwa in our hands, and we asked him what all

this was about. He could not, or he would not, answer. We clothed him in

fine cloths, and sent him away to tell Malissa that we were white men,

friends of Stokes, that we had many Wasukuma porters in our caravan, and

that we had no intention of fighting anybody, but of going to the coast

as quickly as possible. The chief was escorted within a quarter of a

mile of Malissa’s village, and released. He did not return, but during

the day there were several efforts made to annoy us, until at 4 P.M.,

from the north, east and south, appeared three separate multitudes, for

a great effort. It was then the machine-gun was prepared.

[Illustration: ROCK HILLS, USAMBIRO.]

The Wasukuma swayed closer up, but cautiously, and, it appeared to me,

reluctantly. In front of the mob coming from the south were several

skirmishers, who pranced forward to within 300 yards. One of the

skirmishers was dropped, and the machine showered about a hundred and

fifty rounds in their direction. Not one of the natives was hit, but the

great range and bullet shower was enough. They fled; a company was sent

out to meet the eastern mob, another was sent to threaten the crowd to

the north, and the Wasukuma yielded and finally retired. Only one native

was killed out of this demonstration made by probably 2000 warriors.

We had other things to do than fight Wasukuma, and therefore on the 21st

we resumed the coastward march. We had been disappointed in obtaining

those provisions of ham and bacon, and Malissa had lost his gifts of

cloth which we had made ready for him.

We were not long on the march before the entire population of Urima

seemed to be gathering on our flanks, and at 8 A.M. a dash was made on

the column. There was not much necessity of telling the Egyptians and

their followers to keep close together. Nothing could be better than

their behaviour for our purpose. They were gathered in a close packed

mob. In front of them were two companies, and in rear was the rearguard,

Bonny’s Soudanese, and Shukri Agha’s company. The Wasukuma could make no

impression whatever on the column had they been treble their number, and

yet they seemed to be so sure that in some manner they would be able to

do something. But we continued on our way, pursued on flank and in rear

until noon, when we reached Muanza, on the edge of Jordan’s Nullah,

which was a crooked rift in the old lacustrine deposit forty yards wide

and thirty feet deep, whence water was obtained from pits in the sand.

[Illustration: OUR EXPERIENCES IN USUKUMA.]

As the natives hovered round us we thought that we should make another

trial to cause them to abate their fierce rancour, and we sent

Poli-Poli, the chief Wasukuma guide, to talk to him. Poli-Poli literally

means, “Go gently, gently.” An hour’s crying out from a distance

succeeded in inducing a Monangwa and four of his men to approach and

enter our camp, and the camp was so absorbed with this arrival and

prospect of a happy termination to the “war.” While we were exchanging

tokens of good will and professions of peace, and cutting out some cloth

for them, as an earnest of our intentions, the Wasukuma had been allowed

to approach. The Monangwa, and his friends had left my tent about five

minutes, perfectly satisfied apparently, when I heard about fifty rifle

shots fired in volleys. Running out I found that the enemy was right

among us. One of our men was dying from a spear wound, our goats were in

full flight, being driven away on the run, the bottom of the nullah was

covered with leaping forms. We had a very narrow escape from serious

loss; but seven natives were killed within ten yards of the camp, the

treacherous Monangwa received a bullet in the shoulder and lost his

cloth, and we recovered our goats.

We marched on the next morning at the usual hour; the villages were

arranged on each side of our track in one continued series, and the

population of S. Nera turned out _en masse_. But the natives confined

themselves to following us in a dense column stretching for quite two

miles, every now and then firing at us from heavily loaded muskets. For

three hours we continued in this manner, until as we were about leaving

Nera, and entering Mamara, they uttered a series of war-cries, and made

another effort. Dropping our loads we raced towards them, and in a

minute’s time they were on the full trot in retreat. We lifted our loads

and resumed our journey; but the natives presently re-collected, and

followed us on the flanks as far as Seké--a fatiguing march of six

hours.

On the 23rd we proceeded from N. Seké to Seke Kwikuru, or Seke the

capital, vast crowds hanging on our flanks as before. Though we knew

that trifling mercies, such as we were able to show, seldom made any

impression on tribes quivering under extraordinary excitement and rage

for battle, nevertheless we abstained from needlessly augmenting this

causeless madness against us, and only halted a few minutes to repel a

rush.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Sept. 22.

Seké.]

We were all in sad want of water and rest. Our cattle and riding animals

had not been watered for two days, and at Seké the water was brackish

and scarce. The sun was at its hottest. Our faces were baked and

cracking. The grass was so short that the cattle were feeding upon the

roots to obtain subsistence.

The next day was a halt. The natives appeared to within 800 yards of our

camp; but after a few shots they dispersed, and we were left to enjoy

the first rest gained after seven days’ continuous travel and fighting.

Entering Sinyanga on the 25th, we were welcomed with “lu-lu-lus” by the

women, and as they had heard all about our “little war” with Usukuma,

every elder we met expressed a hope that we had cleared the wicked

people out, for they were always a cursed lot, bothering travellers and

strangers.

As we marched from one petty district to another, each independent from

the other, governed by its own chief and council of elders, exclusive

from its own peculiar customs, habits, or passion, varying differently

from the other according to the age, intelligence, and disposition of

the chief, our duties and rule of conduct varied. We moved through petty

spheres, wherein our duties varied according to the demands made upon

us. Here was the small district of Sinyanga with a population not

exceeding 2000. The chief and his headmen were as proud of their little

state as any monarch and his senate might be of an empire. The chief was

conscious of weakness, and that imprudent aggressiveness would prove

speedy ruin; but he exacted his dues all the same. We paid them freely

and with kindly words. The chief reciprocated the kindness, returned a

gift to mark his pleasure, then his people flocked to the camp to

exchange their grain and produce for cloth and beads, during which many

a friendship and brotherly act was formed between the natives and our

men.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Sept. 25.

Sinyanga.]

In Urima and Nera again, even on its frontiers, they pounced down on us

like wolves, with war-cries and insulting by-plays. Our flanks were

thronged with hooting warriors and jeering youths and fleering girls;

they annoyed us by gestures, wounded our sense of hearing by shrill

insolent screams and savage taunts. All this may be borne with

equanimity. Words do not hurt, but it makes us circumspect and reticent.

When we arrive in camp the mobs are greater; a knot of lusty long-legged

youths hang about the tents, flourish their weapons, blow their shrill

war-flutes, and artfully pursue a cunning system of annoyance. All this

is due to the belief that our forbearance means fear. They look around

and see their numbers fourfold more than our own. They whisper to one

another like village louts and bullies, “What a pity that we can’t kick

up a row. Ah, if there was, I would soon make myself master of that

cloth, or that gun, or the things in those boxes, &c., &c.” The chief is

carried away by this consuming desire, and relying upon the assurances

that it would be an easy matter to make a row and find an excuse, he

commits himself to some imprudent scheme, and, when too late, mourns the

failure but not the event. They cannot plead ignorance as the new tribes

can. Fifteen years ago I travelled through Usukuma, paying no more than

ten or twelve cloths to any chief, and receiving a good ox or a couple

of goats in return. Since that time, however, missionary after

missionary, both English and French, and Arab caravans have made Usukuma

a highway to the Victoria Lake. The tributes have been raised by the

chief to 300 doti--£90 per petty district. To three petty districts the

French missionaries were compelled to pay 900 doti of cloth--£270. £270

sterling on three days’ journey! These cloths will purchase guns which

will make them still more formidable to missionaries, and the result

will be in a few years that a small tribal chief will demand every scrap

of cloth in the caravan, and will halt it until it is paid, as Usui

stopped a caravan of 150 guns.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Sept. 25.

Sinyanga.]

Khambi Mbya--a nickname of an Arab who camped in Nera two years

ago--was homeward bound from Uganda with his ivory. The tribute had been

paid. A little personal dispute followed soon after between a woman of

the camp, and a herdsman at a pool, as to whether the woman should take

water first, or the cattle. The herdsman raised the war-cry, which

resulted in the massacre of every man, woman, and child in the caravan.

Messrs. Ashe and Walker, C.M.S. missionaries, were seized, I am told, by

one of these petty chiefs, and detained until they were ransomed by

Mackay. Mr. Stokes, who is compelled by his business of trading in

ivory, like many an Arab trader before him, to be patient and

long-suffering, must have experienced many unhappy moments when he saw

his carriers dropping their bales and flying before a noisy mob of

bullies. The French missionaries have abandoned Usambiro Station, and

taken their residence in Bukumbi. Mr. Mackay has left Msalala, and built

a station at Makolo’s. If these natives possessed any sense, or could

have been touched by shame after being so generously treated and

honoured by these missionaries, they would not drive them away by

extortion and oppression.

On the 4th of October we arrived at Stokes’ boma, in the country of his

friend Mittinginya. The king’s capital lies about three-fourths of a

mile to the south-east, and is a square enclosure of wattle and mud.

Bullets might be rained against the walls for weeks without disastrous

effects to those within, and provided the defenders had fuel, food, and

water sufficient, and were properly vigilant, these fort-like structures

would be impregnable except against cannon. The district of Usongo, of

which Mittinginya is chief, is studded pretty thickly with these

structures, and excepting the stubborn old baobab no bush or plant

obstructs the view between each tembé.

[Sidenote: 1889

Oct. 4.

Usongo.]

The chief has the faculty of getting embroiled with his neighbours, or

his neighbours must be unusually quarrelsome, or they mutually suffer

from an innate restlessness which drives them one against the other

with angry muskets. To the north is a chief called Simba, to the west he

has the people of Uyogu, behind these he has Kapera and his allies the

Watuta or Wangoni,--Equatorial Zulus; to the south the predatory

Wataturu, descendants of Somalis; to the north-east Wandui; and we

accidentally stumbled into this hornet’s nest of angry tribes, led to do

it by reports of Mittinginya’s good nature, and in the hope that we

should be able to obtain a few carriers for our ever-wailing Egyptians.

To emphasize the visible unrest here, the chief has invited a horde of

wild Masai from the district of Lyteri, west of Kilima-Njaro, to assist

him in his ambitious projects. The Masai had already distinguished

themselves against the Watuta-Zulus; the Wanduis had become as

dumb-dogs. Seeing quiet strangers owning donkeys, the Masai quietly made

themselves masters of four, which however they were compelled to return,

and after eight days’ halt we were able to leave Stokes’s friend with

his hornets humming round him, with twenty fresh carriers to carry the

ulcerous Egyptians without being implicated in any feud.

On the 17th we entered Ikungu, where we were overtaken by two French

missionaries, Pères Girault and Schintze,[35] who were invalids--it was

said, homeward bound and were desirous of availing themselves of our

escort to the sea.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Oct. 17.

Ikungu.]

Around the milk-weed hedges that surrounded the chief’s village were

over a hundred human skulls, while innumerable fragments strewed the

vicinity. Inquiring what calamity had occurred, I was told they were the

remains of a tribe of Wanyaturu, over 400 strong, who had fled to Ikungu

from Ituru, in the hope of saving themselves from famine. What articles

they had brought with them were soon sold for food which they consumed,

and then they sold their children and their wives, and when they had

nothing left they died. The children were of mulatto colour, and very

superior to the sable urchins of Unyamwezi.

We met a caravan from Zanzibar at this place belonging to Tippu-Tib, and

the Manyuema reported that the coast war between the Germans and Coast

Arabs was still proceeding, but that the Germans had commenced to be

victorious.

On the 26th we entered Muhalala, and by the 8th of November we had

passed through Ugogo. There is no country in Africa that has excited

greater interest in me than this. It is a ferment of trouble and

distraction, and a vermin of petty annoyances beset the travellers from

day to day while in it. No natives know so well how to aggrieve and be

unpleasant to travellers. One would think there was a school somewhere

in Ugogo to teach low cunning and vicious malice to the chiefs, who are

masters in foxy-craft. Nineteen years ago I looked at this land and

people with desiring eyes. I saw in it a field worth some effort to

reclaim. In six months I felt sure Ugogo could be made lovely and

orderly, a blessing to the inhabitants and to strangers, without any

very great expense or trouble; it would become a pleasant highway of

human intercourse with far-away peoples, productive of wealth to the

natives, and comfort to caravans. I learned on arrival in Ugogo that I

was for ever debarred from the hope. It is to be the destiny of the

Germans to carry out this work, and I envy them. It is the worst news of

all that I shall never be able to drain this cesspool of iniquitous

passion, and extinguish the insolence of Wagogo chiefs, and make the

land clean, healthy, and even beautiful of view. While my best wishes

will accompany German efforts, my mind is clouded with a doubt that it

ever will be that fair land of rest and welcome I had dreamed of making

it.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Oct. 26.

Ugogo.]

Two days beyond Ugogo we entered the German Station of Mpwapwa, and were

welcomed by Lieutenant Rochus Schmidt, who had arrived about a month

previous, escorted by Major Wissman, who was said to be the Imperial

Commissary of German East Africa. He had already erected a stone

breastwork around his little camp, which contained 100 Zulus, on a

commanding but windy spot that must needs be fatal to many a white

officer whose misfortune it may be to be appointed Military Commandant

of Mpwapwa.

The Rev. Mr. Price paid us a visit, and among other benefits resulting

from his presence we obtained a year’s issue of the ‘Weekly Times.’ In

turning over the pages of the voluminous history of the past year, I was

impressed by nothing more than by the smoothness and easy groove in

which events were running, without jar or sensible vibration. The hum of

their travel seemed to be like that which we hear on a drowsy summer’s

day at a country house in England, remote from the roll of street

traffic and the thundering rush of express trains. A distant murmuring

sound of railway waggons gliding over a pair of rails impresses the dull

ear, amid the quiet and repose, that the world is spinning safely along

without rack or tear. England was still at anchor amidst the silver

seas; the Empire was where it ought to be; Europe was amusing herself

with peaceful drill, and America was gathering her splendid harvests,

and filling the Treasury cellars with gold ingots and silver bricks.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Nov. 18.

Muini

Usagara.]

On the 13th, accompanied by Lieutenant Schmidt, the Expedition, about

700 strong, moved from Mpwapwa towards the coast, and five days later

exchanged the parched aspect of the thorny wilderness of the interior

for one that was fragrant with the perfume of lilies, and pleasant with

the verdure of spring. After a two hours’ march from Muini Usagara, we

defiled out of the Mukondokwa Valley, and emerged into the plain of the

Makata, the sight of which, with its green grass and pleasant shady

trees and many groups of villages, after four months of droughty views,

roused the enthusiasm of each of our officers. A Père from the French

Mission near Ferahani, established near the base of the mountains,

brought us a few welcome articles with their compliments and good

wishes.

At Vianzi, two marches later, supplies reached us from Major Wissman.

They consisted of such assortments of provisions that only an explorer

of experience would have known would be most appreciated, and in such

prodigal abundance that our camp tables hence to the coast were loaded

with luxuries.

On the 23rd we arrived at Simbamwenni, which is a town surrounded with a

mud wall enclosing about 400 conical houses. During the next day’s halt

Lieut. Schmidt escorted Emin Pasha to see the good Pères of the French

Mission of San Esprit, who have commenced to work at Morogoro with the

same earnest thoroughness that has made their establishment at Bagamoyo

so famous. They have planted oranges, mangoes, plantains, vanilla,

cinnamon and coffee, and almost all fruits known in tropical lands, and

have led a clear and bounteous stream of water through their little

estate.

Lieutenant Schmidt informed me that he was somewhat taken aback at the

fact that the Fathers, in their intense devotion to their own religious

duties, were unacquainted with the repute of his illustrious companion.

A Père had asked him in a whisper, after eyeing the Pasha in wonder,

“Can he speak anything but Arabic?” and was astounded when he heard,

with that warmth so characteristic of young straightforward German

officers, that he could not only speak Arabic, but could speak French,

English, German, Turkish, Italian and Greek, with easy fluency, and that

he was German by birth.

“Indeed! And is his expedition commercial, scientific, or military?”

Then Lieutenant Schmidt, all amazed at the extraordinary seclusion of

the pious recluse, had to relate the whole story, and for the first time

he knew what business had brought me on my third visit to this region.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Nov. 24.

Simbawenni.]

The Pasha, who enjoyed the relation of the story, was asked to be

comforted, and for his solace I related how I had been introduced by a

Canon of Westminster Abbey to a well-known bishop--as one who had done

some good work on the Congo. The bishop hesitated a minute, and then

said blandly, “Ah, indeed, how very interesting! But pray tell me where

is the Congo.” But sometimes laymen were found to be as ignorant of

Africa as bishops, as for instance the British Cabinet Minister, who,

receiving a commercial deputation from Manchester, relating to some

grievances on the Niger, calmly pointed the speaker to a map of Africa,

and asked him to be good enough to show the river in which the great

city of Manchester appeared to be so interested.

On the 27th we arrived at Ungerengeri, and for the first time we

received a few letters. Never had any such fatality attended mails in

Africa as had attended ours. Three several times I had requested our

friends to despatch our letters to Msalala, south end of Lake Victoria,

bearing legibly a superscription to the effect that they were “to be

left until called for.” Bushels of mails had been sent, and every packet

but one, containing three letters, had been lost in Unyoro, Uganda, and

Bushiri, an opponent of Major Wissman, had captured others.

Among many newspaper clippings received, was one which was a tissue of

perverted truths. It appeared to have been sent from Zanzibar by a

native clerk in a telegram. It read as follows:

Zanzibar, June 12th, 1889.

“Stanley is reported to have arrived in Ururi, where he rested a

few days. He returned to Lake Victoria, leaving behind him

fifty-six sick men and forty-four rifles. Many of the sick had

died. Shortly after Mitchell arrived and took away the rifles.

Stanley was reported to have suffered serious losses from sickness

and want of food. Later Stanley came himself. Emin Pasha is

reported to be in Unyara, north-east of Lake Victoria, fifteen

days’ march. Stanley having picked up all the men who were left,

returned to Emin after having given a letter to the writer to

convey to the Agent-General of the Company.”

[Sidenote: 1889.

Nov. 27.

Ungerengeri.]

The précis of the intelligence received having been doctored by a writer

at Zanzibar, rendered the message still more unintelligible. The

intelligence was received at Zanzibar by an agent of the ivory raider,

Ugarrowwa, and was intended to read thus:

“Stanley has arrived on the Ituri (River). He proceeded on his way

to Lake Albert after leaving fifty-six sick men and forty-four

rifles with me. Most of these sick men died a short time

afterwards.

“Mazinga (Lieut. Stairs) came here and took away the rifles. I was

informed that Stanley suffered serious losses from sickness and

famine. Finally Stanley came here in person.

“Emin Pasha is reported to be in Unyoro, north-east, a

fifteen-days’ march from here (Ugarrowwa’s Station). Stanley having

picked up all the men who were left (of the rear column), returned

to Emin, having given a letter to me to give the Consul-General.

(Ugarrowwa was anxious to obtain a letter of introduction to the

Consul, he being known at Zanzibar as Uledi Balyuz, or the Consul’s

Uledi, in contradistinction to other Uledis, who are as common as

Smiths in England.”)

What with atrocities on the Aruwimi; Stanley’s death by seventeen

arrows; communications from an officer of the Congo Free State; letters

from missionaries and engineers; Osman Digna’s report of the capture of

Emin Pasha and another white man; invasions of the Soudan by a white

Pasha, &c., there is a good reason why English editors should be not a

little perplexed. However, “All is well that ends well.”

While halting at Msua, the Baron von Gravenreuth arrived, with 100

soldiers. The Baron is a dashing soldier, fond of the excitement of

battle-strife, and in his attacks on the zeribas of the coast Arabs has

displayed considerable skill. It was most amusing to hear him remind me

how he had once applied to me for advice respecting equipment and

conduct in Africa, and that I had paternally advised him to read ‘The

Congo and the Founding of its Free State,’ “an advice--I may tell you

now--I followed, and I am glad of it.”

[Sidenote: 1889.

Nov. 28.

Msua.]

[Illustration: BANQUET AT MSUA.]

Soon after appeared two correspondents of American newspapers, one of

whom was Mr. Thomas Stevens, and the other Mr. Edmund Vizetelly,

representing the ‘New York Herald.’ The last-named gentleman brought

us quite a number of well-selected articles for personal comfort and

some provisions, by request of Mr. James Gordon Bennett, the proprietor

of the Journal in whose service I had undertaken two previous

expeditions into Africa, and had accompanied Sir Robert Napier into

Abyssinia in 1867 and 1868, and Sir Garnet Wolseley into Ashantee in

1873 and 1874.

Two marches from Msua an expedition from the Imperial British East

African Company arrived in our camp, conveying for our use 170

porter-loads of rice, and twenty-five cases of European provisions,

clothing and boots, so that each person in the column received

twenty-two pounds of rice, besides rations of salt, sugar, jams and

biscuits.

The evening of December 3rd, as we were conversing in the moonlight, the

sound of a cannon was heard. It was the evening gun at Zanzibar, and the

Zanzibaris set up ear-piercing cries of joy at that which announced to

them that the long journey across the Continent was drawing near its

close, and the Egyptians and their followers echoed the shouts as the

conviction dawned on them that within the next twenty-four hours they

should see the ocean, on which with all comfort and leisure they would

be borne to the land of Egypt and to their future homes.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Dec. 4.

Bagamoyo.]

On arriving at the ferry of the Kingani River, Major Wissman came across

to meet us, and for the first time I had the honour of being introduced

to a colleague who had first distinguished himself, at the headquarters

of the Kasai River, in the service of the International Association,

while I was building stations along the main river. On reaching the

right bank of the Kingani we found some horses saddled, and turning over

the command of the column to Lieut. Stairs, Emin Pasha and myself were

conducted by Major Wissman and Lieut. Schmidt to Bagamoyo. Within the

coast-town we found the streets decorated handsomely with palm branches,

and received the congratulations of Banian and Hindu citizens, and of

many a brave German officer who had shared the fatigues and dangers of

the arduous campaign, which Wissman was prosecuting with such well

deserved success, against the Arab malcontents of German East Africa.

Presently rounding a corner of the street we came in view of the battery

square in front of Wissman’s headquarters, and on our left, close at

hand, was the softly undulating Indian Sea, one great expanse of

purified blue. “There, Pasha,” I said. “We are at home!”

[Illustration: HOUSE AND BALCONY FROM WHICH EMIN FELL.]

[Illustration: UNDER THE PALMS AT BAGAMOYO.]

“Yes, thank God,” he replied. At the same time, the battery thundered

the salute in his honour, and announced to the war-ships at anchor that

Emin, the Governor of Equatoria, had arrived at Bagamoyo.

We dismounted at the door of the mess-house of the German officers, and

were conducted upstairs to a long and broad verandah about forty-five by

twenty-five feet, which had been converted into a palmy bower, gaily

decorated with palm branches and German flags. Several round tables were

spread, and on a wide buffet was arranged a sumptuous lunch, of which

our appetites enabled us to partake fearlessly; but dubious of the

effects of fine champagne after such long absence, I diluted it largely

with Sauerbrunn water. The Pasha was never gayer than on this afternoon,

when surrounded by his friends and countrymen he replied to their

thousand eager questions respecting the life he had endured during his

long exile in Africa.

At four o’clock the column filed in, making a brave show. The people

were conducted to huts ready constructed near the beach, and as the

carriers dropped their loads and the long train of hammocks deposited

their grievous burdens of sick men and women, and poor children for the

last time on the ground, they, like myself, must have felt profound

relief and understood to the full what this arrival by the shore of the

sea meant.

At 7.30 P.M. the banquet was to take place. As we mounted the stairs to

the broad verandah, the Pasha was met, having just left the lunch table

to dress for dinner. We assembled in the palmy bower, thirty-four

persons all told--English Vice-Consul, Mr. Churchill, German Consul, and

Italian Consul, Captain Brackenbury, of H.M.S. _Turquoise_, and

Commander T. Mackenzie Fraser, of H.M.S. _Somali_; the Consular Judge,

Captains Foss and Hirschberg, of the German warships _Sperber_ and

_Schwalbe_, Officers of the Imperial Commissary’s Staff, Emin Pasha,

Captain Casati, Captain Nelson, Lieutenant Stairs, Surgeon Parke, Mr.

Jephson, Mr. Bonny, Pères Etienne and Schmidt of the Bagamoyo Mission,

Pères Girault and Schinze of the Algerian Mission, Officers of the

German East Africa Co., Baron St. Paul Illaire, and others; Mr. W. H. W.

Nicoll of the Imperial British East Africa, Captain of the Commissary’s

Flotilla, &c. &c. The band of the _Schwalbe_ was in attendance to give

_éclat_ to what was a very superb affair for Bagamoyo.

The guests having assembled, Major Wissman led the way to the long

banqueting-room, into which the central room of the house had been

converted on the occasion. While we were feasting within, the

Zanzibaris--tireless creatures--were celebrating the close of a

troublous period in the street just below the verandah, with animal

energy vented in active dance and hearty chorus. The banquet included

the usual number of dishes. I am utterly powerless to describe it. To me

it appeared wonderful for Bagamoyo. From extreme sensitive delicacy I

omitted to inquire of Wissman where he obtained his chef, and how it all

was managed. Without a particle of exaggeration the dinner was a

triumph. The wines were choice and well selected and iced, and had it

not been for the Sauerbrunn close at hand in unstinted quantity, which

rendered them innocuous by liberal dilution, I should soon have been

incompetent to speak of their merits. I had almost forgotten the

ceremony which follows banquets; but as the time drew near 9 o’clock,

and the music was hushed and Major Wissman rose to his feet, a

presentiment possessed me, that with benevolent tolerance of any

untowardness manifest during our late mission, he aimed at proposing to

the company that they should join him in drinking, to the good healths

of the guests Emin Pasha, Captain Casati, Mr. Stanley and the officers

of the Expedition which had concluded its labours by its arrival in the

port of German East Africa that day. As I supposed, so the gallant Major

spoke, in well-measured phrases, with genuine kindness and incomparable

cordiality; and the company rose to their feet to emphasize the

sentiments with hearty hurrahs.

The principles of my reply were first, that I was unaware that Emin

Pasha was a German when I offered my services to carry relief to him;

that our thoughts were mainly of a brave Governor in difficulties,

guarding his province with a tenacity, courage and wisdom, against the

assaults of ferocious fanatics who had already eradicated every vestige

of civilization from the Soudan. Secondly, that as it had been proved by

former expeditions that success was only gained by hearty good will,

unwearied effort, and uttermost striving, my companions and myself, like

men animated with one mind, had devoted ungrudgingly every fibre, and

all our strength, morally and physically, to accomplish the purpose for

which we set out. And thirdly, that as the world educated men to become

indifferent to its praise or censure, that as neither perfection nor

devotion ensured its favour, as misfortune insured its contempt, success

its envy or hate, and that as an individual might be won by sacrifice,

but that no individual possessed merit or could command fortune enough

to win the admiration of all--the safest plan was to seek the approval

of one’s conscience; and fourthly, that though we had but proposed, it

was God who had disposed events as He saw fit. “Emin is here, Casati is

here. I and my friends are all here; wherefore we confess that we have a

perfect and wholesome joy in knowing that, for a season at least, the

daily march and its fatigues are at an end.”

The Pasha’s speech, delivered with finished elocution,--clear, distinct,

and grammatical--and a deep, resonant voice, took the company with an

agreeable surprise, and was mainly an outpouring of gratitude to the

generous English people who had thought of him, to his German countrymen

for their kind reception of him, and to His Imperial Majesty Wilhelm II.

for his gracious message of welcome and congratulation.

An effusive gladness pervaded the company. If there were several whose

hearts overflowed with undisguised pleasure at the thought that a

period of restfulness was to begin with the morning’s sun--others

rejoiced from a pure and generous sympathy. But the Pasha was supremely

gay and happy. He was seen wandering from one end of the table to the

other, now bending over Père Etienne; then exchanging innocent gaiety

with Surgeon Parke, and many others; while I was absorbed in listening

to Wissman’s oral account of the events of the East Coast War. Presently

Sali, my boy-steward, suddenly whispered in my ear that the Pasha had

fallen down, which I took to mean “stumbled over a chair,” but

perceiving that I did not accept it as a serious incident, he added, “he

has fallen over the verandah wall into the street and is dangerously

hurt.”

The banquet was forgotten. Sali led me down the stairs to the street,

and at a spot removed about twenty feet from the place where he had

fallen there were two little pools of blood. The accident seems to have

occurred within fifteen minutes after the delivery of his speech, and

some minutes must have elapsed before I was informed, for the Pasha had

been dragged away, and water had been poured over the head of the

unconscious man, and then he had been borne to the German Hospital, and

the native dance and song had continued undisturbed.

Hastening after my guide, with my mind oppressed by this sudden

transition from gaiety to gloom, from joy to grief, from the upright

figure glowing with pleasure, and radiant with joy to the silent form on

the verge of the grave, I reached the hospital, and at the door met a

German officer who with uplifted hands revealed the impressions gathered

from his view of the unfortunate man. Guided upstairs, I was shown to a

bed surrounded by an anxious-looking group. On obtaining a view, I saw

the Pasha’s form half undressed extended on the bed, wet bandages passed

over the right side of the head and right eye. A corner of the wetted

lint was lifted up, and I saw that the right eye was closed by a great

lump formed by swollen tissues, and discovered that the lint was

crimson with blood oozing from the ear. No one seemed to be able to give

an exact account of how the accident happened, but the general

impression seemed to be that the Pasha, who was half-blind, and had been

so for the last two years, had moved somewhat too briskly towards the

verandah, or balcony wall of that “palmy bower” wherein we had lunched,

to look at the happy natives dancing in the moonlight, and misjudging

its height, had leaned over suddenly and too far, and before he had

recovered his balance had toppled on to the zinc shed, over the sidewalk

and into the street, a fall of about fourteen feet from the edge of the

shed. Lieut. Rochus Schmidt had instantly been informed, and hurrying

into the street, found the Pasha unconscious, and had attempted to rouse

him by pouring cold water over his head, and failing in this had him

conveyed to the hospital.

Next morning Surgeon Parke reported to me that the Pasha had remained

completely unconscious until near dawn, and that though the accident was

undoubtedly a serious one, it need not be considered dangerous, as he

had examined him, and could discover no fracture of the skull, the blood

from the ear having issued from injured arteries, and that provided no

inflammation supervened he might be easily removed within ten days. The

Pasha was much bruised on his right side and back, and was in a most

painful condition.

Two German surgeons from the war-ships, however, announced that after a

careful examination they had come to the conclusion that the Pasha’s

condition was most dangerous, that there was an unmistakable fracture

near the base of the skull, and that only 20 per cent. of such cases

ever recovered.

There was not one European at Bagamoyo but felt extremely grieved at the

sad event that had wrecked the general joy. The feeling was much deeper

than soldiers will permit themselves to manifest. Outwardly there was no

manifestation; inwardly men were shocked that his first day’s greeting

among his countrymen and friends should have proved so disastrous to

him after fourteen years’ absence from them. What the Emir Karamallah

and his fanatics, a hundred barbarous negro tribes, conspirators, and

rebel soldiery, and fourteen years of Equatorial heat had failed to

effect, an innocent hospitality had nearly succeeded in doing. At the

very moment he might well have said, Soul, enjoy thyself! behold, the

shadow of the grave is thrust across their vision. This extremely dismal

prospect and immediate blighting of joy made men chary of speech, and

solemnly wonder at the mishap.

On the 6th of December our people were embarked on board H.M.S. _Somali_

and three of Major Wissmann’s steamers, and at 9 A.M. a fleet,

consisting of H.M.S. _Turquoise_, Capt. Brackenbury, with Lieut. Stairs,

Major Wissmann, Messrs. Jephson and Bonny on board, the _Sperber_, Capt.

Foss, with myself, Capt. Nelson, and four Algerian Perês, the

_Schwalbe_, Capt. Hirschberg, H.M.S. _Somali_, Commander Fraser, and

three vessels of Wissmann’s steam flotilla, after lifting anchor, formed

line, and proceeded towards the island of Zanzibar. The sea a clear

blue, paling into a diluted green over reefs which flanked the course,

was lovely, and as the gentle wind met us, we respired deep draughts of

air free from taint and miasma. Oh! the deep relief I felt that this was

the end of that continual rising in the morning with a hundred moaning

and despairing invalids wailing their helplessness and imploring for

help, of those daily scenes of disease, suffering, and unmitigable

misery, and of the diurnal torture to which the long-enduring caravan

had been subjected during what seemed now to have been an age of hideous

troubles far beyond the range of anything we had anticipated when we so

lightheartedly accepted the mission of relieving the Governor of

Equatoria.

[Sidenote: 1889.

Dec. 6.

Zanzibar.]

[Illustration: THE RELIEF EXPEDITION RETURNING TO ZANZIBAR.]

Now let me for a moment speak proudly. Knowing what my companions and I

know, we have this certain satisfaction, that let envy, malice, and

jealousy provoke men to say what they will, the acutest

cross-examination of witnesses in a court of justice would elicit

nothing more, so far as we are concerned, than a fuller recognition

and higher appreciation of the sacrifice and earnestness of the

endeavour which we freely and gratuitously gave to assist Emin Pasha and

Captain Casati, and their few hundreds of followers. Money time, years,

strength, health, life, anything and everything--freely, kindly, and

devotedly--without even giving one thought to a reward, which, whatever

its character might be, would be utterly inadequate as compensation. To

one like me, what are banquets? A crust of bread, a chop, and a cup of

tea, is a feast to one who, for the best part of twenty-three years, has

had the satisfaction of eating a shilling’s worth of food a day.

Receptions! they are the very honours I would wish to fly from, as I

profess myself slow of speech, and Nature has not fitted me with a

disposition to enjoy them. Medals! I cannot wear them; the pleasure of

looking at them is even denied me by my continual absence. What then?

Nothing. No honour or reward, however great, can be equal to that subtle

satisfaction that a man feels when he can point to his work and say,

“See, now, the task I promised you to perform with all loyalty and

honesty, with might and main, to the utmost of my ability, and God

willing, is to-day finished.” Say, is it well and truly done? And when

the employer shall confess that “it is well and done,” can there be any

recompense higher than that to one’s inward self?

In the morning I had paid a visit to Emin Pasha. He was in great trouble

and pain. “Well, Pasha,” I said. “I hope you don’t mean to admit the

possibility that you are to die here, do you?” “Oh! no. I am not so bad

as that,” and he shook his head.

“By what I have seen, Pasha, I am entirely of same opinion. A person

with a fractured head could not move his head after that manner.[36]

Good-bye. Dr. Parke will remain with you until dismissed by you, and I

hope to hear good news from him daily.” We shook hands and I withdrew.

It may be curious, but it is true. Emin Pasha, who breathed a

cosmopolitan spirit while he was in the Interior, and who professed

broad views, became different in a few days. Only one day before we

reached Bagamoyo I had said to him, “Within a short time, Pasha, you

will be among your countrymen; but while you glow with pride and

pleasure at being once more amongst them, do not forget that they were

English people who first heard your cries in the days of gloom; that it

was English money which enabled these young English gentlemen to rescue

you from Khartoum.”

“Never; have no fear of that,” replied the Pasha.

Dr. Parke bore up, I am told, against much unpleasantness. But finally,

falling ill himself, to the peril of his life he was conveyed to the

French hospital in Zanzibar, where he lay as hopeless a case almost as

Emin Pasha immediately after his accident. Happily he recovered from the

severe illness that he had incurred while watching at the Pasha’s

bedside.

The reports were more and more unsatisfactory from Bagamoyo, and finally

I despatched my boy-steward Sali, who returned from his visit to the

Pasha protesting that he had been threatened with a short shrift if he

ever visited Bagamoyo again; and never message or note did I receive

from Emin, the late Governor of Equatoria.

While writing this concluding chapter there appeared the announcement

that Emin Pasha had entered the service of the German Government in East

Africa. It was the conviction that he would do this that had caused me

to remind him on the 4th of December, that it was English money which

had enabled our Expedition to proceed to his relief and rescue. That he

has ultimately elected to serve Germany in preference to England appears

perfectly natural, and yet the mere announcement surprised a great many

of his warmest and most disinterested friends, among whom we may number

ourselves.

For among the copies of letters relating to Emin Pasha, and the objects

of our Expedition supplied to me by the British Foreign Office, was a

copy of one purporting to have been written by Emin himself to Sir John

Kirk, offering to surrender his province to England before even he had

obtained authority from the Khedive to part with it. The appearance of

this letter in print vexed him greatly, as it seemed to accuse him of

seeking to betray the interests of the Government he was supposed to

have served so faithfully. Instead, however, of meeting with an agent of

England, empowered to treat with him for the delivery of the province to

the British Government, and to appoint him as the Governor of the

Province under British auspices, he was informed that the Egyptian

Government, acting under the advice of the British representative at

Cairo, had only availed themselves of our Expedition to convey to him

their wish that he would retire from Equatoria with such troops as were

willing to accompany him, failing which he was to be left to stay in the

land on his own responsibility. Those who are interested in motives will

not find it difficult, therefore, to understand the apparent hesitation

and indecision that he seemed to labour under when questioned by me as

to his intentions. For nothing could have been more unexpected and

unwelcome than the official letters from the Khedive and Nubar Pasha

which declared their resolve to abandon the province, except the

absolute silence of British officials, or British philanthropists, or

commercial companies, respecting the future of the country wherein he

had spent so many years of his life in contentment, if not in peace. In

lieu of what he had expected, I had only the offer of the King of the

Belgians to make to him, to which were attached certain conditions, that

appeared to him to render the offer of no value. He could not guarantee

a revenue--possibly because he knew better than any one else that there

was neither government nor province, and that, therefore, revenue could

not be collected. It was then I proposed to him, solely on my own

responsibility, that he should take service with the British East

African Association, because the copy of his letter to Sir John Kirk

informed me that it approached nearer to his own proposition than the

other. As I could not guarantee the engagement without authority, and

could only promise that I would do my utmost to realise my ideas, I

could but extract a declaration of his preference that the second offer

was more congenial to him than retreat to Egypt, or service with the

Congo State. Yet, as we know, he could definitely accept neither,

inasmuch as he did not know whether his rebellious officers would

consent to depart from the province, even as far as the Victoria Nyanza.

As my mission to Emin was solely to convey ammunition to him, or to

assist him in any way desirable and convenient to him, I was as free to

carry offers to him from Italy, Germany, Russia, Portugal, or Greece as

I was to carry that from Belgium. But as Emin was disinclined to return

to Egypt, and declined to accept King Leopold’s generous offer of

employment, and dared pledge himself to accept service with the English

company until he had ascertained whether any of his people were willing

to accompany him, he was compelled to return to his province to consult

the inclinations of his officers, in doing which he was deposed from his

authority and made a prisoner. When permitted to visit our camp by his

rebellious officers, he placed himself under our escort, and accompanied

us to the sea, with servants as we compelled to serve him during the

journey.

Therefore, having accomplished our mission toward him faithfully, with

every consideration and respect while he acted as the Governor of an

important province, with every kindness and tender solicitude for

himself and family during a journey of 1,400 miles, until he was in the

arms of his countrymen, we have some reason for being more than

surprised that the accident at the banquet at Bagamoyo should have so

suddenly terminated our acquaintance without the smallest

acknowledgment. Three several times I am aware I offended Emin. The

first time was on April 5th, when, finding him utterly unable to

decide, or to suggest anything, or accept suggestion from me, my

patience, after fifty-two days’ restraint, gave way. Even now the very

thought of it upsets me. If the Pasha had a whipping-boy, I fear the

poor fellow would have had a severe time of it. Secondly, my judgment in

the affair of Mohammed’s wife was contrary to his wishes, but had he

been my brother, or benefactor, I could not have done otherwise than

render strict justice. Third was at Mtsora, when Emin came to apologise

for certain intemperate words he had used, and when I seized the

opportunity of giving him a little lecture upon the mode of conduct

becoming a Pasha and a gentleman. “I frankly accept your apology,

Pasha,” I said, “but I do hope that from here to the coast you will

allow us to remember that you are still the Governor of the Equatorial

Province, and not a vain and spoiled child. We can but grieve to see you

exhibiting childish pettishness, when we cannot forget that you are he

for whom we were all ready to fling away our lives at a moment’s notice.

The method of showing resentment for imaginary offences which we see in

vogue with you and Casati is new to us. We do not understand why every

little misunderstanding should be followed by suspension of intercourse.

We have been in the habit of expressing frankly our opinions, but never

above a minute nourishing resentment, and brooding over fancied wrongs.

If you could bear this in mind you would be convinced that this forced

seclusion in your tent cannot appear otherwise than absurd, and

infantile to us.”

“Ah, Mr. Stanley, I am sorry I ever came on with you, and, if you will

allow me, on reaching Mr. Mackay’s, I will ask you to let me remain with

him,” said he.

“But why, Pasha?” I asked. “Tell me why, and what is it you wish. Has

any person offended you? I know of everything that transpires in this

camp, but I confess that I am ignorant of any offence being done towards

you intentionally by any person. Down to the smallest Zanzibari boy I

can only see a sincere desire to serve you. Now, Pasha, let me show you

in few words for the first time how strange your conduct has appeared to

us. When we volunteered to convey relief to you, you were a kind of hero

to us; you were Gordon’s last lieutenant, who was in danger of being

overcome by the fate which seemed to overtake every person connected

with the Soudan, and we resolved to employ every faculty to extricate

you from what appeared to be the common doom. We did not ask what

country gave you birth, we did not inquire into your antecedents; you

were Emin, the heroic Governor of Equatoria to us. Felkin, and Junker,

and Allen, of the Anti-Slavery Society, had by their letters and

speeches created a keen sympathy in every breast for Emin, the last

lieutenant of Gordon. We were told that all you needed was ammunition,

and from the day when I left New York to take command of this

Expedition, I had only one thought, and that was to reach you before it

was too late. I wrote you from Zanzibar that we intended to take the

Congo route, and that we should march for Kavalli at the south-west end

of the Albert Lake, and I begged you to prepare the natives for our

coming, for you had two steamers, and life-boats, besides canoes. Well,

we reached Kavalli on the 14th December, 1887. You did not reach Kavalli

before March, 1888. That omission on your part cost us the life of a

gallant Englishman, and the lives of over a hundred of our brave and

faithful followers, and caused a delay of four months. We had to return

to Fort Bodo, and bring our boat to search for you. During twenty-six

days’ stay with you, we were not certain of any one thing, except that

you would wait for the arrival of the Major and rear column. We hastened

back to hunt up the rear column to find the Major was dead, and the rear

column a wreck. Now all this might have been avoided if you had visited

Kavalli, and assisted in your own relief. When we returned to you in

January, 1889, you were deposed, a helpless prisoner, and in danger of

being taken to Khartoum; and yet, though you had written to me that you

and Casati and many Egyptians were resolved to depart if I would give

you a little time, after fifty-six days’ patient waiting you were still

undecided what to do. My illness gave you an additional twenty-eight

days’ delay, and I find you still hankering for something that I cannot

guess, and which you will not name. Up to this date we have lost Major

Barttelot, and 300 lives; we are here to lose our own lives if they are

required. What more can we do for you? Write out in plain words your

needs, and you shall then judge for yourself whether our professions are

mere empty words.”

From this time to the hour I bade him my farewell at the hospital on the

6th December nothing occurred to mar a pleasant intercourse. There was

one difficulty, however, under which I laboured, and that was to write

my letters to the Emin Relief Committee, without betraying our surprise

at the extraordinary vacillation which marked the Governor’s conduct. It

would have been a more agreeable task to have maintained the illusions

under which we had set out from England, but it was impossible. What

transpired at Kavalli was visible to every officer in the Expedition,

and at some indiscreet moment the mask under which friendship may have

attempted to disguise the eccentricities of the Pasha would surely have

been brushed aside. It was, therefore, necessary that I should state the

truth as charitably as possible, so that whatever may have been deduced

by critics, the worst charge would have been no more than that his

apparent vacillation was due to excess of amiability.

But the Pasha’s conduct at Bagamoyo, from the moment he entered the

German Hospital, will not even permit me the privilege of exhibiting him

in such an amiable light. The ungrateful treatment which the poor boy

Sali received, the making of my letters common property among the German

officers, all of which were urging him to have regard for his own good

name and fair reputation, the strange ingratitude shown to Dr. Parke,

who ought not to have an enemy in the wide world, the sudden and

inexplicable cessation of intercourse with any member of our Expedition,

render it necessary that we should not close this book without reference

to these things.

In Africa Emin Pasha expressed his fears that if he returned to Egypt he

would be unemployed. Within half-an-hour of my arrival in Cairo, I took

the liberty of urging upon the Khedive that Emin Pasha should be

assured, as early as possible, that he would be certain of employment.

The Khedive at once consented, and in thirty-six hours Emin replied,

“Thanks, my kind master.”

Four weeks later he cabled to the Khedive requiring that a credit for

£400 should be given to him at Zanzibar. Col. Euan-Smith, at Zanzibar,

was requested by the Government of Egypt to pay that amount to Emin,

whereupon he cabled back, “Since you cannot treat me better than that, I

send you my resignation.”

As he had offered his services to England, the British East African

Company were induced to listen to his overtures, and I was aware while

at Cairo that a very liberal engagement was open to his acceptance; but

suddenly everybody was shocked to hear that he had accepted service with

the Germans in East Africa, and naturally one of his first duties would

be to inform his new employers of the high estimate placed on his genius

for administration by the directors of the British East Africa Company.

I understand that he had agreed to serve Germany one month previous to

his offer of service to the British Company. It is clear, therefore, why

he was negotiating with the latter.

As has been stated above, his desire to serve the Germans has not been a

surprise to me; but this reckless indifference to his own reputation,

and his disregard of the finer human feelings certainly are calculated

to diminish admiration. While most readers of this book would be

indifferent to his employment by his own Emperor, and would consider it

perfectly natural and right that he should show preference for his own

natal land and countrymen, it will not appear so natural to them that

the flag which he had stated at Kavalli he had served for thirty years,

should have been so disdainfully cast aside, or that the “kind master,”

the Khedive of Egypt, who had given £14,000 towards his rescue, should

have been parted with so unceremoniously; or that Sir William Mackinnon

and his English friends, who had subscribed £16,000 for sending to him

the assistance he had requested, should have been subjected to such a

sudden chilling of their kindly sympathies. Nor will it appear quite

natural to us that he should so soon forget his “dear people” for whom

he pleaded so nobly in May, 1888, and February and March, 1889, as to

leave them in Cairo for four months without a word. Dr. Vita Hassan, the

apothecary, his most devoted follower, received a letter from him a few

days before I left Cairo, which announced to him that he and the others

must look out for themselves, that as he had severed his connection with

Egypt he could not be troubled any more with them. Poor Shukri Agha,

faithful to the last, with tears in his eyes came to me to ask what it

all meant? What had he done to be treated with such neglect? With eight

years’ arrears of pay due to them, the Pasha’s followers remain

wondering why their late chief has so utterly cast them away.

We were the recipients at Zanzibar of so much courtesy and hospitality

that pages might be filled with the mere mention of them. To Major

Wissmann, I am vastly indebted for large and unstinted hospitality, and

I feel honoured with the acquaintance of this noble and brave German

centurion. To the gallant Captains Foss and Hirschberg we owe great

gratitude for their unremitting kindness. To Consul-General Col.

Euan-Smith and his charming wife, to whom I am indebted for courtesies

past counting, and a hospitality as ungrudging as it was princely and

thoroughly disinterested, besides favours and honours without number, I

am too poor in aught to do more than make this simple record of a

goodness which cannot be recompensed. And indeed there was not a German,

or English, or Italian, or Indian resident at Zanzibar who did not show

to myself and companions in some form or another, either by substantial

dinners and choice wines their--what was called--appreciation of our

services in behalf of Emin Pasha, Captain Casati, and their followers.

The Agent of the East African Company, in company with Lieut. Stairs,

having completed their labours, of calculating the sums due to the

survivors of the Relief Expedition, and having paid them accordingly, a

purse of 10,000 rupees was subscribed thus: 3000 rupees from the Khedive

of Egypt; 3000 rupees from the Emin Relief Fund; 3000 rupees from myself

personally; 1000 rupees from the Seyyid Khalifa of Zanzibar, which

enabled the payees to deliver from 40 to 60 rupees extra to each

survivor according to desert. General Lloyd Mathews gave them also a

grand banquet, and in the name of the kind-hearted Sultan in various

ways showed how merit should be rewarded. An extra sum of 10,000 rupees

set apart from the Relief Fund is to be distributed also among the

widows and orphans of those who perished in the Yambuya Camp, and with

the Advance Column. [Illustration: THE FAITHFULS AT ZANZIBAR.]

Among my visitors at Zanzibar was a Mohammedan East Indian, named Jaffar

Tarya, who is a wealthy Bombay merchant, and acts as agent for many Arab

and Zanzibari caravan owners in Africa. Among others he acts as agent

for Hamed bin Mohammed, _alias_ Tippu-Tib. He informed me that he held

the sum of £10,600 in gold, which was paid to him for and in behalf of

Tippu-Tib by the Government of the Congo Free State for ivory purchased

by Lieut. Becker from Tippu-Tib in its name. Jaffar Tarya had thus

unwittingly put the means in my hands to enable me to bring Tippu-Tib

some day before the Consular Court at Zanzibar to be judged for alleged

offences committed against British subjects--the gentlemen of the Emin

Relief Committee--and to refund certain expenses which had been incurred

by the declarations he had made before Acting Consul-General Holmwood,

that he would assist the Emin Pasha Relief Expedition with carriers.

Thus, in consideration of his signed agreement that he would furnish

the Expedition with 600 carriers, he had been granted free passage and

board for himself and ninety-six of his followers from Zanzibar to

Banana Point, River Congo=£1940, and from Banana Point to Stanley

Falls=£1940. At Yambuya he had received forty-seven bales of cloth,

about fifty cases of gunpowder, as many cases of fixed ammunition,

Remington rifles, elephant guns, revolvers, and £128 worth of stores for

his sub-chief, Muini Sumai, on the promise that he would supply carriers

to escort Major Barttelot until the Major would either meet me or Emin

Pasha, which he did not do further than for about ninety miles, and

therefore caused us a delay of nearly a year, and a further expense of

nearly twelve months’ pay extra to about 250 Zanzibaris. The bill of

claims that we could legitimately present amounted in the aggregate to

£10,000. Whereupon I pleaded for an injunction that such moneys should

not depart from the hands of the British subject Jaffar Tarya until an

English court of justice should decide whether the Emin Relief Committee

was not entitled in equity to have these expenses and moneys refunded.

After hearing the evidence the Consular Judge granted the injunction.

There is not a doubt, then, that, if strict justice be dealt to this

arch offender, the Emin Relief Committee may find itself in possession

of funds sufficient to pay each Zanzibari survivor a bonus of 300

rupees, and each of our officers the sum of £1000 cash, a consummation

devoutly to be wished.

[Sidenote: 1890.

Jan. 16.

Cairo.]

After arriving at Cairo on the 16th of January, 1890, and delivering the

260 refugees to the Egyptian authorities, I sought a retired house

wherein I might proceed to write this record of three years’ experiences

“In Darkest Africa, and the Story of our Quest, Rescue, and Retreat of

Emin, the Governor of Equatoria.” I discovered such a house in the Villa

Victoria, and on January 25th I seized my pen to do a day’s work. But I

knew not how to begin. Like Elihu, my memory was full of matter, and I

desired to write that I might be refreshed; but there was no vent. My

right hand had forgotten its cunning, and the art of composition was

lost by long disuse. Wherefore, putting firm restraint against the

crowds of reminiscences that clamoured for issue, I let slip one after

another with painful deliberation into the light, and thus, while one

day my pen would fairly race over the paper at the rate of nine folios

an hour, at other times it could scarcely frame 100 words. But finally,

after fifty days’ close labour, in obedience to an irresistible impulse

I have succeeded in reaching this page 903 of foolscap manuscript,

besides writing 400 letters and about 100 telegrams, and am compelled

from over-weariness to beg the reader’s permission to conclude.

Some scenes of the wonderful land of Inner Africa, through which we have

travelled together, must for ever cling to our memories. Wherever we go

some thought of some one of the many scenes in that great forest will

intrude itself into the mind. The eternal woods will stand in their

far-away loneliness for ever. As in the past, so they will flourish and

fall for countless ages in the future, in dumb and still multitudes,

shadowy as ghosts in the twilight, yet silently creeping upward and

higher into the air and sunshine. In fancy we shall often hear the

thunder crashing and rushing in rolling echoes through the silence and

the darkness; we shall see the leaden mists of the morning, and in the

sunshine the lustre of bedewed verdure and the sheen of wet foliage, and

inhale the fragrance of flowers.

And now and then--oh, the misery of it!--athwart the memory will glide

spectres of men cowering in the rainy gloom, shivering with cold, gaunt

and sad-eyed through hunger, despairing in the midst of the unknown; we

shall hear the moaning of dying men, see the stark forms of the dead,

and shrink again with the hopelessness of our state. Then like gleams of

fair morning will rise to view the prospects of the grass-land, the

vistas of green bossy hills, the swirling swathes of young grass

waltzing merrily with the gale, the flowing lines of boscage darkening

the hollows, the receding view of uplifting and subsiding land waves

rolling to the distance where the mountains loom in faint image through

the undefined blue. And often thought will wing itself lighter than a

swift, and soar in aërial heights over sere plain, blue water, vivid

green land and silver lake, and sail along the lengthy line of colossal

mountain shoulders turned towards the Semliki, and around the

congregation of white heads seated in glory far above the Afric world,

and listen to the dropping waters as they tumble down along the winding

grooves of Ruwenzori in sheaves of silver arrows, and speed through the

impending rain-clouds, and the floating globes of white mist over

unexplored abysses, through the eternal haze of Usongora, and up with a

joyous leap into the cool atmosphere over Ankori and Karagwé, and

straight away over 300 leagues of pastoral plains, and thin thorn

forest, back again to marvel at the delightful azure of the Indian

Ocean.

Good-night, Pasha, and you, Captain Casati! You will know better when

you have read these pages, what the saving of you cost in human life and

suffering. I have nothing to regret. What I have given that I have given

freely and with utmost good will; and so say we all.

Good-night, Gentlemen of the Relief Committee! Three years are past

since your benevolence commissioned us to relieve the distressed and

rescue the weak. 260 all told have been returned to their homes; about

150 more are in safety.

Good night, oh! my Companions! May honours such as you deserve be

showered upon you. To the warm hearts of your countrymen I consign you.

Should one doubt be thrown upon your manhood, or upon your loyalty or

honour, within these pages, the record of your faithfulness during a

period which I doubt will ever be excelled for its gloom and

hopelessness, will be found to show with what noble fortitude you bore

all. Good-night, Stairs, Jephson, Nelson, Parke, and you, Bonny, a long

good-night to you all!

You who never turned your backs,

But marched breast forward,

Never doubted clouds would break,

Never dreamed, though right were worsted,

Wrong would triumph.

Held we fall to rise, are baffled to

Fight better,

Sleep to wake.

No, at noonday, in the bustle of

Man’s work-time,

Greet the Unseen with a cheer!

Bid them forward, breast and bark, as

Either should be.

“Strive and thrive!” cry, “speed, fight

On, for ever,

There as here.”

THE THANKS BE TO GOD FOR EVER AND EVER. AMEN.

APPENDICES.

APPENDIX A.

CONGRATULATIONS BY CABLE

RECEIVED AT ZANZIBAR.

WINDSOR, 10 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. My thoughts are often with you and your brave

followers, whose dangers and hardships are now at an end. Once more I

heartily congratulate all, including the survivors of the gallant

Zanzibaris who displayed such devotion and fortitude during your

marvellous Expedition. Trust Emin progresses favourably.

V. R. I.

* * * * *

BERLIN, 4 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Thanks to your tenacity of purpose and indomitable

courage, you have now, after having repeatedly crossed the Dark

Continent, achieved a new long journey full of fearful dangers and

almost unbearable hardship; that you have overcome it all, and that your

way home led you through territories placed under my flag, gives me

great satisfaction, and I welcome you heartily on your return to

civilization and safety.

WILHELM IMPERATOR REX.

GRAF BISMARCK.

* * * * *

BRUSSELS, 23 _November_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Many greetings and warmest congratulations on your

marvellous and heroic expedition.

LEOPOLD.

* * * * *

WASHINGTON, 15 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. I am directed by the President of the United States

to tender his congratulations to you upon the success which has attended

your long tour of discovery through Africa, and upon the advantages

which may accrue therefrom to the civilized world.

BLAINE.

* * * * *

CAIRE, 7 _Décembre_, 1889.

MONSIEUR STANLEY, ESQ., _Zanzibar_. Je vous adresse mes sincères et

cordiales félicitations sur votre arrivée à Zanzibar après toutes les

péripéties de votre remarquable Expédition pour aller au sécours d’Emin

Pasha et de ses braves compagnons. Je vous ai envoyé un de mes bateaux,

le Mansourah, pour vous ramener et j’attends avec impatience le plaisir

de vous recevoir tous.

MEHEMET THEWFIK, _Khedive of Egypt_.

* * * * *

CAIRO ABDIN, 12 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. You are authorised to pay 200 pounds as a

gratification to your Zanzibar men in recognition of their services. The

British Consul-General has been asked to pay you the amount on behalf of

the Egyptian Government.

MEHEMET THEWFIK, _Khedive_.

* * * * *

LONDON, 12 _December_, 1889.

Stanley, Zanzibar. Corporation London invite you to reception Guildhall.

BRAND, _Guildhall_.

* * * * *

BRUXELLES, 11 _Décembre_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Société Géographie Bruxelles félicite invité.

* * * * *

MELBOURNE, 11 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Geographic Society, Victoria, congratulate you.

Convey Emin Pasha deep sympathy.

MACDONALD, _Secretary_.

* * * * *

BRUXELLES, 8 _Décembre_, 1889.

MONSIEUR STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. La Conférence de Bruxelles justement émue

des souffrances et des périls que vous avez bravés avec vos compagnons

et admirant l’énergie que vous avez déployée dans l’accomplissement

d’une noble mission, vous adresse ses sincères félicitations; elle

connaît et apprécie les nouveaux et grands services que vous avez rendus

à la science et à l’humanité; elle vous prie d’exprimer ses sympathies à

Emin Pasha, qui fidèle au devoir a si longtemps gardé un poste

dangereux, a de lui faire part des vœux qu’elle forme pour son complet

rétablissement au nom de la Conférence.

LE PRÉSIDENT BARON LAMBERMONT.

* * * * *

LONDON, 11 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Sir Julian Goldsmid, Sir Edwin Arnold, Alfred

Rothschild, Earl Wharncliffe, Prince Gluca, Sir Arthur Sullivan, Beatty

Kingston, Charles Wyndham, Colonel FitzGeorge, Lord Ronald Gower, Lord

Ernest Hamilton, Sir James Linton, Count Lutzow, Sir Morell Mackenzie,

General Sir Roger Palmer, D’Oyly Carte, Fred Cowen, Anderson, Critchett,

Sutherland Edwards, John Pettie, Robson, Rowe, Frank Lockwood, Farjeon,

Professor Herkomer, constituting Committee of Arts and Letters Club,

heartily congratulate you on brilliant success, safe return

civilization, invite you to banquet your honour.

* * * * *

LONDON, 2 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Council Royal Geographical Society congratulate you

heartily on success of journey and great discoveries.

GRANT DUFF, _President_.

* * * * *

EDINBURGH, 30 _November_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Hearty congratulations thanks.

SCOTTISH GEOGRAPHIC.

* * * * *

MANCHESTER, 5 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Manchester Geographical Society sends cordial

greeting to yourself and brave companions, trusting your health may be

spared.

GREENWOOD, STEINTHAL AND SOWERBUTTS.

* * * * *

BERLIN, 5 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, EMIN, _Zanzibar_. Geographical Society sends hearty welcome.

* * * * *

LONDON, 4 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. I must be first to offer you my warmest hearty

congratulations on the completion of your herculean task. Inform me as

soon as possible of your movements and telegraph general state of health

of your staff. I congratulate them upon their success.

(SIR WILLIAM) MACKINNON (Bart.).

* * * * *

LONDON, 25 _November_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. My wife and I thankfully rejoice to learn of your

safety and success, and anxiously await further information. Accept our

most hearty congratulations. We are longing to see you. Offer our

kindest sympathy to Emin Pacha and all your companions. All the

Company’s officers have been instructed to do everything they can to

meet your wishes.

(SIR WILLIAM) MACKINNON (Bart.).

* * * * *

_From_ the Emin Pasha Relief Committee and the Directors of the

Imperial British East African Company _to_ H. M. STANLEY, Esq., and

EMIN PASHA--

21 _November_, 1889.

Most cordial hearty congratulations.

* * * * *

ADEN, 24 _November_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Myself and George Mackenzie hope to organise proper

reception for you, which I consider both fitting and necessary.

Col. EUAN-SMITH.

* * * * *

ADEN, 24 _November_, 1889.

Heartiest welcome and sincerest congratulations on your safe return. I

hope to come and meet you at Bagamoyo if you do not reach there before

5th December. I only reach Zanzibar 2nd from England. Of course you will

stay with us on arrival. My wife joins me in heartiest good wishes.

GEORGE S. MACKENZIE.

* * * * *

STANLEY. Heartiest congratulations yourself and Emin. Am bearer of

several letters from friends. It is absolutely necessary must remain

Mombasa four days. Must proceed with all haste, greet you as special

representative Relief Committee.

G. S. MACKENZIE, _Aden_.

* * * * *

LONDON, 25 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Balinakill sends you united kindest heartiest good

wishes for a merry Christmas and a happy New Year. They rejoice that at

this season you are enjoying your well-earned repose after your

hardships and dangers.

MACKINNON.

* * * * *

EMBEKELWENI, 3 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Safe again, thank God!

Col. DE WINTON, _Swazieland_.

* * * * *

LONDON, 3 _December_.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Thousand welcomes! Your old friend,

(J. R.) ROBINSON, _Daily News_.

* * * * *

LONDON, 14 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. The Fishmongers Company send their congratulations

and wish to present Mr. H. M. Stanley with their Honorary Freedom. If

Mr. Stanley is willing to accept this, they request him to give them the

pleasure of his company at dinner during the month of February, or at

any other time he may find it more convenient.

* * * * *

BRUSSELS, 7 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. The Burgomaster of Brussels sends in the name of

the Administration Communale his warmest felicitations to Henry Stanley

for the happy issue of his admirable enterprise, and hopes to welcome

him at the Town Hall.

BULS.

* * * * *

LONDON, 22 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Applauds hero; tenders welcoming dinner.

SAVAGE CLUB.

* * * * *

LONDON, 13 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. George Club felicitate.

* * * * *

LONDON, 6 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. The Turners Company gave a dinner to the Lord Mayor

at which many old friends were present. After receiving a generous

telegram from His Majesty King Leopold, an honorary Turner, your health

was drunk with stirring enthusiasm. The Company send you hearty

congratulations on your splendid achievement and cordially welcome you

home.

BURDETT COUTTS, _Chairman_.

* * * * *

LONDON, 19 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Best Christmas wishes. Congratulations from all.

LAWSON, _Daily Telegraph_.

* * * * *

LONDON, 18 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Americans, London, applaud heroic achievement in

cause of humanity, science, and invite you dinner. Minister Lincoln

presides, name probable date.

WELLCOME, _Snowhill_.

* * * * *

PARIS, 6 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Let me first congratulate you upon your great

success, let me secondly thank you for letter, and your kindly treatment

of my correspondent. Hoping to see you soon, I am your great admirer,

JAMES GORDON BENNETT, _New York Herald_.

* * * * *

EDINBURGH, 29 _November_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Thousand welcomes, congratulations on safety and

brilliant achievement.

BRUCE (Livingstone’s son-in-law).

* * * * *

ZANZIBAR, 7 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Pierce says, several congratulations Society of

Arts. Elliot says, going to Cairo to-morrow, hopes to entertain you

there on New Year’s day. Everybody says you are a phenomenally great

man; to myself your success truly wonderful, beats romance. Sorry about

Emin, hope your able doctor will pull him through, due to you he should

be landed safe at home.

From MANAGING DIRECTOR, _Eastern Telegraph Company_.

* * * * *

4 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. You will have many congratulations on the

successful termination of your most heroic work; but none can be more

sincere and earnest than those of your friend.

(Sir) JOHN PENDER.

* * * * *

30 _November_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Affectionate congratulations from your oldest

London friend on happy return and splendid achievements transcending all

that has gone before. Your name on every tongue on Sunday 22 December;

Robinson, Sala, Irving, Toole, Yates, Lawson, Wingfield, my guests at

Reform Club, when your health and glorious career was only toast of

evening.

(J. C.) PARKINSON.

VIENNA, 28 _November_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Again welcome back from still another perilous

African Expedition.

DOUGLAS GIBBS.

* * * * *

LEIPZIG, 5 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Heartiest congratulations.

BROCKHAUS.

* * * * *

BRUSSELS, 4 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Warm congratulations.

INDEPENDENCE BELGE AND GERALD HARRY.

* * * * *

NEW YORK, 5 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. H. M. Stanley Africanus.

(J. B.) POND.

* * * * *

LONDON, 5 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Sincerest congratulations.

GLAVE, WARD.

* * * * *

LONDON, 4 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar_. Bravo! welcome home.

SHELDON, MAY, WELCOME.

* * * * *

NEW YORK, 6 _December_, 1889.

STANLEY, _Zanzibar. Century Magazine_ sends congratulations.

&c. &c. &c. &c. &c. &c.

* * * * *

(BY LETTER.)

PARIS, _le_ 8 _Décembre_, 1889.

MONSIEUR ET CHER COLLÈGUE,--La Société de Géographie de Paris nous

charge de vous féliciter de votre retour. Elle a pris le plus vif

intérêt aux périlleux voyages que vous venez d’accomplir et tout

particulièrement aux découvertes géographiques qui auront été le

résultat.

La Société espère que vous voudrez bien la mettre à même d’en apprécier

toute l’importance.

Veuillez agréer, Monsieur et cher Collègue, avec nos félicitations

personnelles l’expression de nos sentiments les plus distingués.

_Le Secrétaire général_,

C. MAUNOIR.

_Le Président de la Commission Centrale, Membre de l’Institut_,

J. Milne-Edwards.

_Le Président de la Société, Membre de l’Institut_,

COMTE DE LESSEPS.

A. Monsieur Henry M. Stanley, Membre Correspondant de la

Société de Géographie de Paris.

* * * * *

[Illustration: THE CASKET CONTAINING THE HONORARY FREEDOM OF THE CITY OF

LONDON, PRESENTED TO THE AUTHOR BEFORE SETTING OUT FOR THE RESCUE OF

EMIN, JAN. 1887.]

GOLD CASKET PRESENTED TO MR. HENRY MORTON STANLEY WITH THE HONORARY

FREEDOM OF THE CITY.

[Illustration: A CASKET, THE GIFT OF KING LEOPOLD II., KING OF THE

BELGIANS, CONTAINING THE STAR OF AFRICA, AND THE STAR OF SERVICE.]

The design of the casket is Arabesque, and it stands upon a base of

Algerine onyx, surmounted by a plinth of ebony, the corners of which

project and are rounded. On each of these, at the angle of the casket,

stands an ostrich carved in ivory; behind each bird and curving over it

projects an elephant’s tusk, which is looped to three spears placed in

the panelled angle of the casket, the pillars of which are of

crocidolite, resting in basal sockets of gold, and surmounted by

capitals of the same metal. The panels of the casket and also the roof

are of ivory richly overlaid with ornamental work in fine gold of

various colours. The back panel bears the City arms emblazoned in the

proper heraldic colours. Of the end panels, one bears the tricoloured

monogram “H.M.S.” surrounded by a wreath-emblem of victory, and the

other that of the Lord Mayor of London. The front panel, which is also

the door of the casket, bears a miniature map of Africa surmounting the

tablet bearing the inscription: “Presented to Henry Morton Stanley with

the freedom of the City.” Above both the front and back panels on the

roof are the standards of America and Great Britain, and, surmounting

the whole, on an oval platform is an allegorical figure of the Congo

Free State, seated by the source of the river from which it derives its

name, and holding the horn of plenty, which is overflowing with native

products. The design was selected from among a large number submitted by

the leading London goldsmiths, and reflects great credit upon the taste

and workmanship of the designers and makers, Messrs. George Edward &

Son, Glasgow, and Poultry, London.

APPENDIX B.

NOTES.

The Wambutti knew a donkey and called it “atti.” They say that they

sometimes catch them in pits. What they can find to eat is a wonder.

They eat leaves.

Bakiokwa language of Indekaru.

Wambutti call their language Ku-mbutti, or that of Bakwa, pronounced

_Bakkvwa_. I fancy Schweinfurth may have been unable to detect the

subtle sound of v-w and called his dwarfs Akka.

The Ku-mbutti or Bakkwa, the Bakiokwa or Bukumu, and the Babira, between

Kinnena and Kabongé on the Congo, we perceive speak three dialects

closely resembling one another, especially the first and last are

remarkably similar, yet there is a distance of forest between them of

several hundred miles, and the Lindi, Lenda and Ituri rivers separate

them.

The Bavira and Babusessé, separated only by the Ituri, both countries

being grass land, speak a dialect remarkably alike. Formerly it was one

language; but in two generations the Baviras have become corrupted by

using daily the Rukobé, or that of the Wahuma. They migrated from the

banks of the Ituri, crossed the Ruki, and dwelt among the Wahuma, who

are an exclusive and proud people.

The Rukobé or Wahuma have no single word for thanks, but yo

simire-kurungi literally means, “I take it to be good of you,” or “I

accept it kindly.”

Wahuma, when children, call their father “baba,” equal to our papa; when

adults, “tata.”

Wahuma, when children, call their mother “mama,” equal to our mamma;

when adults, “man.”

Wahuma, on the other side of the lake, are called Wachwezi.

The number three is the most universally similar. Take from Zanzibar on

to the East Coast to Banana on to the West Coast there is but little

variation, and through the forest region to Lake Albert, water is almost

pretty near alike, especially on the Western half, varying from riba,

liba, libu, libo, ibo, rubu.

Chicken = kuku, kokko, ngokko, bukoko.}

Spear = ikunga, kunga. } These words seem

Goat = me-me. } most popular across

Ten = kumi. } Africa.

Dog = mbwa, mbua. }

One would imagine a confusion of languages, as for instance:--

Hottentot Babusessé Kumbutti Mandingo.

Eye = mu Head = mu Head = mo Man = mo

Wahuma Galla

Milk = mata Head = matta

Danakil Arabic.

Cow = la la = no

Tuarik. Kikongo

Hair = zau Elephant = nzau

Kiyanzi. Bakiokwa.

Friend = koi Eye = koi

Kisawahili. East Manyuema.

Bana or Bwana = Master Bana = four

Kisawahili. Bavira

Kiboko = Hippo Head, hand, finger = Kiboko

Somali. } is in Swahili a vile slang word; and country

Boro, mountain } in Niam Niam.

Semmé in Hurrur is sky; in Soudanese Arabic it means good.

Kuba in Bavira is sky; is dog in Adaiel, big in Swahili.

Barra in Adaiel is woman; is continent in Swahili.

Ina in Kiyanzi is four; in Yoruba means fire.

Afi in Babira means road; in Ku-mbutti means river.

A-é in Somali means dog, but means mother in Hurrur; so that son of a

female dog in Somali, would in Hurrur be a mother’s son.

Ariho in Wahuma, or, are you here, is sky in Niam Niam.

Happa, here, in Swahili, becomes yes in Monbuttu.

The ibuka of the forest, approaches the ebbugu of Monbuttu (Banana).

The Niam Niam have no words for numerals higher than five; six becomes

the second one battisa; seven the second two battiuwi, &c., &c.

The Wabarukuru likewise.

Posyo, meat in Niam Niam, approaches the Posho, rations, Swahili, and

podzio, Russian for hurry.

Rubu, rain, of the Adaiel is a common name for perhaps a score of

African rivers. Lufu, Ruvu, Rufu. The Danakil word for rain, robé, is as

nearly related to libo (water). Monbutti, ruba of Mbarukukaru; ibo of

the Babira; libu Babusessé.

The ba (father) of the Niam Niam becomes mother in Mandingo.

While Dé, woman of the Niam Niam, is the same as the Jalif to the W.N.W.

for far, but dé is four in Dinka.

APPENDIX B.

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF FOREST AND GRASSLAND LANGUAGES.

English. |Ku-mbutti or |Bakiokwa or |Pigmy Language |

| Bakwa. | Bakumu. |Near Indékaru, = |

| Forest. | Forest. | Mbarukukaru. |

| | | Forest. |

----------------------------------------------------------

One. | Kadi. | do. | Ujju.

Two. | Ibari. | do. | Ibari.

Three. | Saro. | do. | ikaro.

Four. | Zinna. | do. | ikwanganya.

Five. | itano. | .. | bumuti.

Six. | mutuba. | do. | ijju.

Seven. | Kitanai. | do. | bumutti-na-ibali.

Eight. | Kibbé. | .. | bumutti-na-iharo.

Nine. | ellalo. | do. | bumutti-na-ikwanganya.

Ten. | mukko. | .. | mabo.

Twenty. | mukko ibali.| do. | mabo ibari.

Thirty. | mukko saro. | do. | &c.

Forty. | .. | .. | &c.

Fifty. | .. | .. | &c.

Sixty. | .. | .. | &c.

Seventy. | .. | .. | &c.

Eighty. | .. | .. | &c.

Ninety. | .. | .. | &c.

Hundred. | .. | .. | &c.

Man. | moku. | mogo. | mabo-mabo.

Woman. | kali. | kali. | muttu.

Cow. | Banzari. | ikuma. | nkali.

| | |

Dog. | ibu. | ibu. | mbua.

Donkey. | atti. | makabo. | ..

Goat. | samanga. | meme-apabay.| mé-mé.

Foot. | itindi. | itindi. | maguru.

Finger. | Bukanzigu. | kerro. | iheu.

Head. | mo. | mabongo. | moru.

Stool. | mbata. | mbata. | pumburu.

Canoe. | kuku. | kungi. | bwato.

Tree. | mi. | buo. | mpaho.

House. | Imlu. | kurunbo. | bangwari.

Arrow. | mukwari. | appi. | bahura.

Knife. | ngwu. | tambi. | mbako.

Spear. | Ikunga. | murupa. | ikunga.

Chicken. | indumbi. | kokko. | Kokko.

River. | afi. | afi. | Faruba or Ruba.

Water. | libo. | akko. | Ruba.

Fire. | mosa. | musa. | ritta.

Tobacco. | .. | .. | ..

Sun. | Kupa. | mani. | Hehwahi.

Moon. | Sungi. | burugwurru. | Timba.

Stars. | Bibi. | Passi. | Antongera.

Sky. | Iku. | Iku. | ligaliki.

Rain. | mbua. | mbu. | maneri.

Elephant.| mbungu | uku. | mbungu.

Leopard. | mapiranga. | mapilougo. | Biukabui.

Hyena. | mdondaté. | .. | kio.

Fish. | nsu-mbungi. | mbungi. | Bahi.

Meat. | nimbu. | kupa. | ngai.

Bird. | ndiya. | mbabu. | banori.

Country. | Imbanda. | .. | ..

Babira. |Balegga,

Near |Near Lake

Kinenna. | Albert.

Forest. |

------------+--------------

moti. | anderré.

Ibari. | andrekwa.

isaro. | undichikwa.

.. | goruchi.

itano. | andekaro.

mutuba. | zabandu.

.. | karubaro.

.. | kaibandu.

.. | bangewada-una.

mukko. | Boga or zadichi.

.. | makibo za.

.. | ..

.. | ..

.. | ..

.. | ..

.. | ..

.. | ..

.. | ..

.. | ..

mkwa. | mbissa.

.. | ..

inki. | adthé.

mbo. | atché.

.. | ..

mé-mé. | ndiri.

itindi. | jokoloro.

njaga. | nethagwa.

mo. | nejjo.

mbuta. | ..

.. | achu.

mi. | achugwaro.

indu. | adza.

nsoh. | mburr.

mbago.[37] | adyo.

ikunga. | allé.

kokko. | ‘n-o.

ibo. | adda.

ibo. | addchissi.

nsa. | kazi.

.. | ..

mani. | ajjé.

Sungi. | apiro.

barerengwa.| bibiro.

kupa. | abiro.

mbua. | ajesi.

mbungu. | addy apesiabbé.

mabianga. | ngoro.

.. | nyiuhu.

Su. | abbé.

aboré. | aza.

mbu. | aré.

.. | ango.

-----------------------------------------------

RÛKOBÉ OR | | |

WAHUMA. | BAVIRA. | BABUSESSÉ |==>

GRASSLAND. | GRASSLAND. | GRASSLAND. |

---------------|---------------|--------------|

Kimu. | buigiri. | ngilini. |

Kabili. | bala. | ball. |

asato. | isaro. | isaro. |

Kané. | iné. | aini. |

Katano. | bitano. | five atano. |

mitkaga. | madya. | kiboko-bari. |

musansa. | lalodu. | .. |

mnani. | lalo. | .. |

nuvenda. | sobya. | .. |

ikumi. | kumi. | ten-kumi. |

ikumu nakimu. | .. | kumi-bali. |

“ nabili. | .. | .. |

“ navato. | .. | .. |

“ naviné. | .. | .. |

“ navitano.| .. | .. |

namukaga. | .. | .. |

na musansu. | .. | .. |

na minami. | .. | .. |

na mvenda. | .. | .. |

igana. | igana bingiri.| .. |

muntu. | augirini. | mbu. |

mkazi. | mkali. | mkali. |

| | |

mbwa. | nmbwa. | ba-umbwa. |

.. | .. | .. |

mbusi. | me-mé. | me-mé. |

kigeré. | bata. | subugwata. |

mkumo. | kiboko. | buki kiboko. |

kiganza. | kiboko. | mu. |

kétebé. | mbata. | mbata. |

uwato. | bwato. | zabo. |

viti. | miri. | apobau. |

enju. | ndabo. | ndabo. |

engowé. | mara. | mara. |

muyo. | mbako. | mbago. |

ichumu. | kunga. | kunga. |

ngoko. | bukoko. | bukokuki. |

mgera. | ntongoro. | purupuru. |

mije-zi. | libo. | libu. |

muro. | musa. | musa. |

.. | .. | imbazi. |

usana. | mwani. | mwani. |

ukwezi. | Sungi. | Sungi. |

nyezi. | tanga-tanga. | nzoga. |

iguru. | Kuba. | uguru. |

njiro. | mbura. | mbula. |

njoju. | mbungu. | mbongu. |

engwé. | ungwi. | ungwi. |

mpissi. | mpiti. | usu. |

enchu. | bausu. | nyama. |

nyama. | nyama. | .. |

nyonyi. | mburu. | mburu. |

ensi. | nkungu. | para. .. |

-----------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------

| |

==> | |

DINKA. | MONBUTTU. | NIAM NIAM.

---------------|-----------------|-------------

Tog. | Ona. | Sa.

Rog. | Orwi. | uwi.

ndiya. | Otta. | Biata.

Dé. | Oswa. | Biama.

duman. | Zerna. | Biswi.

ndoro. | Tengwi Kanna. | Batissa.

Bet. | Tororwi. | Batiwwi.

Deyarkuman. | Gwanda. | Batti-biata.

Hityaro. | Tengirigi Kanna.| Batti-biama.

.. | Tekkewé. | Bauwé.

.. | .. | Bolologowi.

.. | .. | ..

.. | .. | ..

.. | .. | ..

.. | .. | ..

.. | .. | ..

.. | .. | ..

.. | .. | ..

.. | .. | ..

.. | nabéru. | Borro.

kyyakot. | nandro. | Dé.

aiinir. | Eyti. | ..

| (imported name).|

edju. | nessi. | Ango.

.. | .. | ..

etto. | name-mé. | Vusendé.

edjok. | nekonso. | Gwendwé.

ityin. | netté. | uribbé.

errano. | nedru. | li.

etotch. | nebara. | mbata.

ichorya. | nekoko. | kurumba.

ethim. | nekirri. | unguwa.

ichalotu. | nejji. | dima.

.. | nembangu. | Gonza.

ewelu. | nsapé. | Sappé.

ijultar. | norru. | bassa.

ejjid. | nalé. | kondo.

.. | nedda. | di.

aypu. | eggu. | immé.

icholmatch. | nakagu. | we.

.. | .. | ..

Echolokolo. | Neggu. | Uru.

echolpé. | Naugwé. | diwi.

gulpyatuil. | Etturu. |

echolnyalit. | Norro. | ariho.

eddun. | Nekuma. | mai.

Hakkon. | Nokko. | mbana.

ekkor. | Nokondo. | moma.

etchoretch. | |

etchorin. | Neugeré. | tiya.

.. | Neri. | posyo.

ter (Arabic). | Nari. | zellé.

.. | Nebba. | Boro.

-----------------------------------------------

COMPARATIVE TABLE OF FOREST AND

------------------+---------------+---------------

ENGLISH. | KU-MBUTTI. | BAKIOKWA. ==>

| |

------------------+---------------+---------------

Hill or Mountain. | mambu. | Ibiko.

Food. | Ilyapa. | Liari.

Stick. | mbembé. | mbeketti.

Wood. | kakala. | ..

Cloth. | nangombé. | bongo.

Potatoes. | mburebbo. | ..

Banana. | masaba. | Ibuki.

Salt. | kua. | mabwari.

Flour. | keké. | amamatubitubi

Road. | apendé. | nzi.

Road to water. | mbungu-a-libo | ..

Stone. | Itari. | mukuku.

Eye. | mbukesu. | koi.

Nose. | Erro. | mbemberro.

Mouth. | medari. | medari.

Teeth. | minyo. | minyo.

Lips. | pasanioko. | basanioko.

Ears. | kitu. | kitoi.

Tongue. | idakka. | iddakako.

Hand. | ekkakanzikka. | ekkaki.

Hide or Skin. | koko. | kosso.

Run. | mbango. | ..

Sleep. | toro. | bulangi.

Thanks. | batori. | ..

| |

Father. | aupa. | aypa.

Mother. | ioyma. | eyma.

Brother. | Baruku. | aiyapa.

Dead. | kukwa. | ikussa.

No. | kimakari. | ..

Yes. | Ruki. | ..

Good-day. | Kundana. | ..

------------------+---------------+---------------

+--------------+-----------------+--------------

==> | PIGMY’S | BABIRA | BALEGGA.

| LANGUAGE. | (NEAR KUMINA). |

+--------------+-----------------+--------------

| ligungu. | mambu. | abero.

| matanja. | pikisavia. | gussa.

| mbau. | lenda. | achu.

| .. | .. | akari.

| ngombé. | bongo. | abbo.

| .. | .. | lali.

| bogu. | ibnku. | Setza.

| appa. | kua. | ako.

| .. | simbo. | usaro-u.

| hambi. | afi. | adzu.

| .. | .. | ..

| libuku. | ité. | achu.

| liho. | isu. | ndenyo.

| hongo. | erro. | loro.

| uchi. | afenogo. | kangaroro.

| minyo. | mino. | nekuro.

| mbuchuki. | mututu. | nécho.

| matewu. | kitui. | neppé.

| limi. | iddaka. | nechuro.

| rabegi. | njaga. | nethora.

| eddippa. | mbogo. | kura.

| mbangu. | kutiya. | akoro-lelé.

| toro. | toro. | manduga-yigu.

| hek-heh. | .. | ..

| | |

| Abba. | abbé. | abbu.

| amma. | ammé. | azha.

| Dadi mwami. | manema. | ja-jaugwa.

| mutwapwa. | kukwa. | doro.

| agh-agh. | .. | ..

| ibba. | .. | ..

| ubalya. | Kisa. | apobangaro.

+--------------+-----------------+--------------

GRASSLAND LANGUAGES (_Continued_).

WAHUMA. BAVIRA. WASUMBURU AND DINKA.==>

BABUSESSÉ.

rusossi. bimba. bimba. Ekgur.

viakulya. leri. lissa. benekuu epichar.

mwigo. mwigo. miri. etchortim.

enku. kubuna musa. bau. ..

rubuku. kibugu. bongo. Ebwam.

viyata. kiatta. kafetta. ..

vitoké. didi. nderi. ..

kisura. mukwa. gokoi. ..

nsano. mtubu. ntubu. etyolabib.

muhanda. siyo. sha, midendé. ekgwera.

rubengu. tari. tari. makweguru.

lisu. iso. isu. enyer.

nindu. ruru. ruru. ewum.

mkanwa. noko. daka. ketok.

meno. minyo. mino. eyalesa.

munwa. noko. gubono. ettok.

mato. kitoi. kitui. ayit.

arimi. daka. daga. eleb.

kiganza. kiboko. kibogo. etchini.

mbirri or ruhu. mburu. ngufu. ..

chuiruki. kite-teha. .. ..

viamé. kisi-niyha. toro. ..

yosimiré, kusimiya mali. mtagako. nyapoto.

kurungi.

baba and Tata. baba. baba. etcha lûr.

mana and mau. ma-mé. mamaki. etcholmar.

mwana-mau. mikima-mama. namako. ..

afwiri. atyaku. kukwa. kojjajitor.

nga. kari. atingani. ..

kiniha. kimasoni. apongi. ..

kississi. kuramichi. lala binzoni. ..

==> MONBUTTU. NIAM NIAM.

Nouru. Gaugara.

Anyo. Niya.

Nekkirri. Negua.

Ekkirré. Nyaké.

Noggi. Lokki.

Namanzingi. Abaugwé.

Ebbugu. Bu.

Nagangu. Tikwo.

Nekkim-bappu. Ngunga.

Neyi. Jiné.

Nekoppi. Mbia.

Nengo. Bunglisé.

Namu. Omno.

Nettiko. Ng waiy.

Ekki. Lindisé.

Andwitiki. Ngwa.

Ebbi. Turu.

Nekkadr. Milalo.

Etté. Bebeyo.

Nerikeppi. Kwotto.

Kurwengo. Moro.

Eyeyé. Lammi.

No such word.

Papa. Ba.

Iyangwé. Na.

Iyandegwa. Uriwemi.

Nunsi. Kupi.

Kai. Wotté.

Kappa. Sudu.

Ingasijé. Muyekonno.

APPENDIX C.--FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE INDIAN OCEAN.

ITINERARY OF THE JOURNEYS MADE IN 1887, 1888, 1889.

APPENDIX C.--FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE INDIAN OCEAN.

ITINERARY OF THE JOURNEYS MADE IN 1887, 1888, 1889.

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----------+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

| | |Distance | Time | Rain | | | Above |

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. | in |occupied in| during| E. Long. | Latitude. | Sea |

| | | Miles. | Hrs.|Min. | Month.| | | Level.|

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----+-----+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

| 1887. | | | | | | | | Feet. |

|March 19 & 20|{From the Atlantic Ocean up to the Lower}| | | | | | | |

| |{ Congo to Mataddi }| 108 | 14 | | | | | |

| March 24 to}| March overland from Mataddi to }| | | | | | | |

| April 21}| Leopoldville on Upper Congo. }| 235 | 74 | | | | | |

| May 1 to}| By steamer up the Congo from }| | | | | | | |

| June 15}| Leopoldville to Yambuya }| 1050 | | | |25° 3' 30"|N. 1° 17' 24"| |

| June 28 | Yambuya to Yankondé Forest | 10 | 6 | | | | | 1210 |

| 29 | Bahungi " | 4 | 2 | | |25° 13' 30"|N. 1° 20' | |

| 30 | Burnt Village " | 10 | 7 | | | |N. 1° 14' 35"| |

| July 1 | Camp " | 8 | 5 | | |25° 27' |N. 1° 14' | |

| 2 | " " | 3 | 1 | 45 | | | | |

| 3 | " " | 6 | 7 | 45 | | | | |

| 4 | Camp by Aruwimi Elver " | 5 | 4 | 45 | | | | |

| 5 | Bukanda " | 6-1/2| 6 | 45 | |25° 33' |N. 1° 17' | |

| 6 | Camp " | 2 | 1 | 30 | | | | |

| 7 | Bakuti Village " | 6 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 8 | Bakoka Village " | 6 | 5 | 45 | | | | |

| 9 | Village " | 8 | 6 | | |25° 37' 45"|N. 1° 28' 38"| |

| 10 | " " | 7 | 5 | 45 | |25° 42' 30"|N. 1° 29' | |

| 11 | Gwengweré " | 5 | 4 | 30 | | |N. 1° 28' 30"| |

| 12 | Lower Banalya " | 8 | 6 | | |25° 51' 45"|N. 1° 28' 45"| |

| 13 | Upper Banalya " | 8 | 6 | | |25° 58' 45"|N. 1° 31' | |

| 15 | Bungangeta " | 6 | 4 | 30 | |26° 2' 15"|N. 1° 33' | |

| 16 | Lower Mariri " | 7 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 17 | Central Mariri " | 5 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 18 | Camp " | 8 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 19 | Upper Mariri Forest | 2 | 2 | | | | | |

| 20 | " " | 2 | 2 | | |26° 22' 45"|N. 1° 46' | |

| 21 | S. Mupé " | 5 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 22 | N. Mupé " | 5 | 5 | 30 | | |N. 1° 50' 48"| |

| 23 | Above Bumbwa " | 7 | 5 | 30 | |26° 22' 15"|N. 1° 56' | |

| 24 | Elephant Playground " | 9 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 25 | Bandeya (Wasp Rapids) " | 8 | 7 | | | | | |

| 27 | Camp " | 6 | 5 | 30 | |26° 37' |N. 1° 56' | |

| 28 | Below Mukupi " | 7 | 5 | 30 | |26° 45' |N. 1° 58' | |

| 29 | Opposite Myyui " | 6 | 4 | 15 |56-1/2 |26° 46' 30"|N. 1° 58' 30"| |

| | | | | | hrs. | | | |

| August 1 | Opposite Mambanga " | 9 | 6 | | |26° 48' 45"|N. 1° 57' | |

| 2 | Opposite Ngula R " | 9 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 3 | Below Panga Falls " | 7 | 5 | 30 | |26° 50' 45"|N. 1° 54' | |

| 4 | Panga Falls " | 4 | 4 | | |27° 1' 30"|N. 1° 53' | |

| 6 | Above Falls " | 1-1/2| | 45 | | | | |

| 7 | Nejambi Rapids " | 4 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 8 | Above Rapids " | 1 | | 30 | | | | |

| 9 | Utiri " | 7 | 4 | | |27° 9' 45"|N. 1° 51' | |

| 11 | Engweddé " | 10 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 13 | Avisibba " | 7 | 3 | 45 | |27° 16' O"|N. 1° 41' 16"| |

| 15 | Camp " | 3 | 2 | 45 | | | | |

| 16 | Lower Mabengu Rapids " | 6 | 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 22 | Upper Mabengu Rapids " | 2-1/2| 2 | 45 | | |N. 1° 45' | |

| 23 | Avu-gadu " | 6-1/2| 3 | 30 | | |N. 1° 40' | |

| 24 | Avu-gadu Rapids " | 4 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 25 | Fisher's Camp " | 9 | 5 | 30 | |27° 27' 30"|N. 1° 40' | |

| 26 | Avé-jeli " | 8 | 4 | 30 | |27° 31' 45"|N. 1° 37' | |

| 28 | Little Village " | 4-1/2| 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 29 | Camp " | 4 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 30 | Foot of Basopo Cataract " | 4 | 4 | | |27° 35' 30'|N. 1° 40' | |

| 31 | Basopo Cataract " | 2-1/2| 1 | 30 |56 HRS.| | | |

| September 1 | Foot of Rapids " | 6 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----+-----+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

| | Carried forward | 1698 | | | | | | |

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----+-----+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

-------------+----------------------------------------+--------+----------+---------+-------------+-------------+-------+

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. |Distance| Time | Rain | E Long. | Latitude. | Above |

| | | in |occupied in| during | | | Sea |

| | |Miles. | Hrs.| Min.| Month.| | | Level.|

|------------|----------------------------------------|--------|-----|-----|--------|-------------|-------------|-------|

| | BY ARUWIMI RIVER--_continued_. | | | | | | | Feet. |

| 1887 | Brought forward |1698 | | | | | | |

|September 3 | Camp Forest | 3 | 3 | 30 | | | | |

| 4 | Top of Cataract " | 4 | 2 | 45 | | | | |

| 5 | Hippo Broads Camp " | 3 | 1 | 30 | .. | .. | N 1° 40' | 1916 |

| 6 | Foot of Bafaido Cataract " | 8 | 5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1964 |

| 8 | Avéyabu " | 9 | 5 | .. | .. | .. | N 1° 29' | |

| 9 | Navaiya Rapids " | 7 | 4 | 30 | .. | 27° 54' 30" | N 1° 30' | |

| 10 | Navaiya Cataract " | 3-1/2| 3 | 30 | | | | |

| 11 | Navabi Village " | 4 | 3 | 30 | .. | 27° 56' | N 1° 26' | |

| 12 | Camp " | 6 | 5 | | | | | |

| 13 | Amiri Falls " | 6-1/2| 4 | .. | .. | .. | N 1° 24' | |

| 15 | Rapids " | 5-1/2| 5 | | | | | |

| 16 | Below Ugarrowwa's Station " | 5-1/2| 5 | | | | | |

| 17 | Opposite Ugarrowwa's Station " | 1-1/2| 1 | .. | | 28° 0' 45" | N 1° 23' | |

| 19 | Camp below Bunda Village " | 7 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 20 | Near Lenda R. " | 9 | 6 | .. | .. | 28° 5' | N 1° 20' | |

| 21 | Above Lenda R. " | 2 | 1 | 30 | | | | |

| 22 | Umeni " | 5 | 3 | .. | .. | 28° 18' | N 1° 18' | |

| 23 | Near Cataract " | 6-1/2| 4 | | | | | |

| 25 | Old Arab Camp " | 3 | 4 | | | | | |

| 26 | Opposite Avetiko " | 3 | 5 | .. | .. | 28° 20' 45" | N 1° 16' | 2548 |

| 28 | Opposite island " | 7 | 5 | .. | .. | 28° 24' | N 1° 13' | |

| 30 | Native Camp at Ferry " | 8 | 6 | .. | 65 hrs.| 28° 25' | N 1° 11' | |

| October 3 | Narrows " | 4 | 5 | | | | | |

| 4 | Crossed River to right bank " | 1-1/2| 1 | | | | | |

| 5 | Nelson's Starvation Camp " | 2 | 1 | .. | .. | 28° 30' | N 1° 10' | |

| | (recrossed to left bank) | | | | | | | |

| 6 | Camp (Inland) " | 4-1/2| 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 7 | Camp on island " | 7 | 7 | | | | | |

| 8 | Camp opposite island Forest | 2 | 2 | | |28° 37' 45" |N. 1° 10' | |

| 11 | Camp " | 7 | 6 | | | | | |

| 12 | Camp " | 4-1/2| 3 | | | |N. 1° 4' 26"| |

| 14 | Crossed Aruwimi River to N. bank " | | | | |28° 43' 30" |N. 1° 4' 45"| 2340 |

| 15 | Camp (Inland) " | 4-1/2| 4 | | |28° 44' |N. 1° 9' | |

| 16 | Camp " | 7 | 5 | | | | | |

| 17 | Camp " | 7 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 18 | Ipoto. Kilonga-Longa's Station " | 2 | 2 | 30 | |28° 51' |N. 1° 6' 11" | 2935 |

| 28 | Yumbu " | 5 | 3 | 30 | | | | |

| 29 | Busindi " | 6 | 4 | 30 | |28° 54' 45" |N. 1° 9' | 2889 |

| 31 | Camp " | 8 | 5 | 15 |51-1/2 | | | |

| | | | | | hrs. | | | |

| November 1 | Mambungu's " | 9 | 5 | 45 | |28° 58' 45" |N. 1° 13' 22"| 2560 |

| 3 | Camp " | 8-1/2| 5 | 45 | | | | |

| 4 | Ndugubisha " | 5-1/4| 3 | 30 | |29° 10' 45" |N. 1° 14' 28"| 3607 |

| 5 | West Indé-karu " | 9-3/4| 5 | 45 | |29° 14' |N. 1° 19' | |

| 6 | Indé-karu on Hill " | 2-1/2| 1 | 30 | |29° 15' |N. 1° 20' 15"| 3810 |

| 8 | Camp " | 11 | 7 | | | | | |

| 9 | Camp " | 9-1/2| 6 | 15 | | | | |

| 10 | W. Ibwiri (site of Fort Bodo) " | 4-1/4| 2 | 45 | |29° 25' |N. 1° 20' | 3503 |

| 24 | Camp " | 9 | 5 | 15 | | | | |

| 25 | Indé-mwani " | 8-1/2| 4 | 30 | | | | 3510 |

| 26 | W. Indé-nduru " | 11-1/4| 5 | 30 | |29° 39' 15" |N. 1° 22' | 3610 |

| 27 | E. Indé-nduru " | 7 | 3 | 15 | |29° 41' |N. 1° 22' 23"| 3470 |

| 29 | Baburu " | 10 | 5 | 15 | | | | 3758 |

| 30 | Bakwuru (Mount Pisgah, 4600 ft.) " | 3-1/4| 2 | 15 |64-1/4 |29° 46' |N. 1° 21' 40"| 4350 |

| | | | | | hrs. | | | |

| December 1 | Three Hut Village " | 10-1/2| 6 | 15 | | |N. 1° 26' | 3814 |

| 2 | Indé-sura " | 7 | 4 | 15 | |29° 51' 45" |N. 1° 24' | |

| | (End of the Forest) | | | | | | | |

| 4 | Camp. Cross W. Ituri River | 8-1/2| 5 | | | | | 2950 |

| | (First in the Grass Land) | | | | | | | |

| 5 | Babusessé Villages | 7 | 5 | 30 | |30° 0' 0" |N. 1° 28' | |

| 6 | Crossed Ituri or Aruwimi River | | | | | | | 3470 |

+------------+----------------------------------------+--------+----+------+--------+-------------+-------------+-------+

| | Carried forward |2028-3/4| | | | | | |

+------------+----------------------------------------+--------+----+------+--------+-------------+-------------+-------+

+----------+------------------------------------+--------+-----------+--------+----------+-----------+------+

| | |Distance| Time | Rain | | |Above |

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. | in |occupied in| during | E. Long. | Latitude | Sea |

| | | Miles. | Hrs.| Min.| Month.| | |Level.|

+----------+------------------------------------+--------+-----+-----+--------+----------+-----------+------+

| | INLAND--_continued_. | | | | | | | Feet.|

| 1887. | Brought forward |2028-3/4| | | | | | |

|December 7|Crossed East Ituri River | 4 | 2 | 30 | | | | |

| 8|Undussuma. (Mazamboni's) | 13 | 6 | 45 | |30° 10'45"|N.1° 25'15"|4235 |

| 12|Uzanza or Gavira's | 9 | 5 | | | | |4657 |

| | (Brow of Plateau overlooking Lake)| | | | | | |5282 |

| 13|Lake Plain | 13 | 8 | | | | | |

| 14|Shore of the Albert Nyanza | 5 | 2 | 30 | |30° 29' |N.1° 19' 6"|2400 |

| | { By Aneroid No. 1}| | | | | | |2235 |

| |Altitude of Lake { " No. 2}| | | | | | |2400 |

| | above sea. { " No. 3}| | | | | | |2400 |

| | { By Hypsometer }| | | | | | |2245 |

| | Balegga Hills above Lake | | | | | | |5353 |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | (_Returning from Lake._) | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| 16|To foot of Plateau | 9 | 6 | | | | | |

| 17|Uzanzu (Gavira's) | 10 | 4 | 45 | | | |4657 |

| 19|E. Undussuma | 12 | 6 | | | | |4235 |

| 20|W. Urumangwa | 12 | 6 | | | | | |

| 21|East Ituri River | 5-1/2| 2 | 30 | | | | |

| 23|Main Ituri River | 4 | 2 | | | | | |

| 24|To Bridge across River | 2 | 1 | | | | | |

| 28|Village W. of Mbiri | 11 | 5 | | | | | |

| 29|Indé-sura Edge of Forest | 8 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 30|Three Hut Village. " | 7 | 5 | | | | | |

| 31|Imburun " | 9 | 5 | 45 | 31-3/4 | | | |

| 1888. | | | | | hrs | | | |

|January 1|Indé-tongo " | 5-1/2| 3 | 30 | |29° 42' |N.1° 29' | |

+----------+------------------------------------+--------+-----------+--------+----------+-----------+------+

+--------------+-----------------------------------------+--------+-----------+---------+-----------+---------------+------+

| | |Distance| Time | Rain | | |Above |

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. | in |occupied in| during | E. Long. | Latitude | Sea |

| | | Miles. | Hrs.| Min.| Month.| | |Level.|

+--------------+-----------------------------------------+--------+-----+-----+---------+-----------+---------------+------+

| 2 | Indé-sedi Edge of Forest | 5 | 3 | | | | | |

| 3 | Barikunga " | 7 | 5 | | | | | |

| 5 | Indé-mwani " | 9 | 4 | 45 | | | | |

| 6 | Pigmies' Camp " | 8-1/4| 5 | 5 | | | | |

| 7 | FORT BODO " | 7-1/2| 4 | 15 |29-1/4 hrs.| | | 3503 |

|January 16 to{| During Building of Fort Bodo Lt. Stairs}| 157-1/2| | |43-1/2 hrs.| | | |

| April 26 {| proceeds to Ipoto and returns }| | | | | | | |

| {| Then proceeds to Ugarrowwa and back | 400 | | |60-1/2 hrs.| | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| |SECOND JOURNEY TO ALBERT NYANZA. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| April 2 | Camp | 4 | 2 | 30 | | | | |

| 3 | Pigmies' Cross Roads Camp Forest | 8-1/2| 6 | 10 | | | | |

| 4 | Indé-mwani " | 5-1/2| 3 | 20 | | | | 3510 |

| 5 | Pigmies' Camp " | 6-1/2| 4 | 20 | | | | |

| 6 | W. Inde-nduru " | 5 | 3 | | | | | 3610 |

| 7 | E. Inde-nduru " | 7 | 3 | 45 | | | | 3470 |

| 8 | Baburu " | 10 | 5 | 30 | | | | 3758 |

| 9 | W. Mandé " | 9 | 5 | | | | | |

| 10 | Ituri River Ferry " | 3-1/2| 2 | 30 | | | | 3000 |

| 11 | First Camp Grass land | 7-1/2| 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 12 | Bessé " | 7 | 3 | 30 | | | | 3565 |

| 13 | Near Mukangi " | 7 | 4 | 30 | | | | 3718 |

| 14 | Undussuma " | 12 | 6 | | | | | 4235 |

| 16 | Uzanza (Gavira's) " | 9 | 5 | 45 | | | | 4657 |

| 18 | Kavalli's " | 9 | 5 | | | | N. 1° 28' | 4803 |

| 25 | Bundi " | 6 | 3 | | | | N. 1° 25' 33"| |

| 26 | Badzwa. Nyanza Plain " | 3 | 2 | 45 | | 30° 24' | N. 1° 25' | |

| 29 | Albert Nyanza. Meeting with Emin. | 7 | 3 | 30 | | | | 2400 |

| 30 | Nsabé--Along Lake shore | 5 | 3 | |48-1/2 hrs.| 30° 33' 45"| N. 1° 30' 15"| |

+--------------+-----------------------------------------+--------+----+----+-----------+------------+--------------+------+

| | Carried forward |2893-1/2| | | | | | |

+--------------+-----------------------------------------+--------+----+----+-----------+------------+--------------+------+

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----------+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

| | |Distance | Time | Rain | | | Above |

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. | in |occupied in| during| E. Long. | Latitude. | Sea |

| | | Miles. | Hrs.|Min. | Month.| | | Level.|

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----+-----+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

| | | | | | | | | Feet. |

| | IN SEARCH OF REAR COLUMN. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| 1888. | Brought forward | 2893-1/2| | | | | | |

| May 24 | Badzwa | 10 | 4 | | | | | |

| 26 | Bundi | 3 | 3 | | | | | |

| 27 | Uzanza (Gavira's) | 8 | 3 | 30 | | | | 4657 |

| 29 | Usiri | 5 | 3 | | | | | |

| 30 | Undussuma | 6-1/2| 3 | |29 hrs.| | | 4235 |

| June 1 | Mukangi | 12 | 5 | | | | | 3718 |

| 2 | Ukuba, Bessé | 8 | 4 | 30 | | | | 3565 |

| 3 | Ituri River Ferry | 14-1/2| 6 | | | | | 3000 |

| 4 | W. Mandé Forest | 3-1/2| 1 | 30 | | | | |

| 5 | E. Indepessu " | 13 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 6 | W. Inde-nduru " | 13 | 6 | 30 | | | | 3610 |

| 7 | Pigmies' Cross Roads Camp " | 13 | 7 | 20 | | | | |

| 8 | Fort Bodo " | 12 | 7 | | | | | 3503 |

| 16 | Camp " | 11-1/2| 7 | | | | | |

| 17 | Indé-karu on Hill " | 12-1/2| 8 | | | | | 3810 |

| 19 | Ndugubisha " | 12-1/4| 7 | 15 | | | | 3607 |

| 20 | Nzalli's " | 11-1/2| 5 | 45 | | | | 2560 |

| 21 | Camp of 31st October " | 12 | 7 | 20 | | | | |

| 22 | Busindi " | 12 | 7 | 20 | | | | 2889 |

| 23 | Ipoto (Arab settlement) " | 7 | 4 | 50 | | | | 2935 |

| 25 | Ituri River Ferry " | 4 | 2 | 15 | | | | |

| 26 | Camp of October 14th, 1887 " | 5-1/2| 2 | 45 | | | | |

| 27 | Camp " | 11 | 8 | | | | | |

| 28 | Nelson's Starvation Camp " | 10 | 6 | 55 | | | | |

| 29 | Iyuku " | 8-1/2| 7 | 20 | | | | |

| 30 | Camp " | 9 | 7 | 45 |43 hrs.| | | |

| July 1 | " " | 4 | 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 2 | Camp on Lenda River " | 9 | 7 | 50 | | | | |

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----+-----+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

+----------+---------------------------------------+--------+--------+-------+-----------+-------------+------+

| | |Distance|Time in | Rain | | |Above |

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. | in |occupied| during| E. Long. | Latitude. | Sea |

| | | Miles. | Hrs.|Min. | Month.| | |Level.|

+----------+---------------------------------------+--------+---+----+-------+-----------+-------------+------+

| 3 | Camp on Lenda River Forest | 6 | 4 | 10 | | | | |

| 5 | Crossed Lenda River to Camp " | 7 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 6 | Village " | 7 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 7 | Camp " | 8 | 6 | 15 | | | | |

| 8 | Bandeya " | 8 | 6 | 15 | | | | |

| 9 | Ujangwa " | 2-3/4| 2 | 45 | | | | |

| 10 | Camp " | 6 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 11 | Beyond Nuyo " | 3-3/4| 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 12 | Camp " | 4 | 3 | 30 | | | | |

| 13 | Below Ugarrowwa's Camp " | 8 | 4 | | | | | |

| 14 | Amiri Falls " | 11 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 16 | Camp of 12th Sept. 1887 " | 16-1/2| 7 | 30 | | | | |

| 17 | Navaiya Rapids " | 10-1/2| 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 20 | Avé-yabu (near Bafaido Cataract) " | 13 | 7 | 30 | | | | |

| 21 | Bafaido Cataract " | 4 | 2 | | | | | 1964 |

| 22 | Foot of Cataract " | 15 | 8 | | | | | |

| 23 | Basopo Cataract " | 8-1/2| 6 | 15 | | | | |

| 25 | Camp at Rapids " | 4 | 4 | | | | | |

| 26 | Avé-jeli " | 8-1/2| 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 28 | Near Avu-gadu Rapids " | 13 | 7 | 30 | | | | |

| 29 | Avu-gadu " | 6 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 30 | Mābengu Village " | 11 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 31 | Avisibba " | 8 | 7 | 30 |61-1/2 | | | |

| | | | | | hrs. | | | |

| August 2 | Camp below Engweddé " | 13 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 3 | Opposite Bapaiya Island " | 9 | 7 | 30 | | | | |

| 4 | Panga Falls " | 8-1/2| 8 | 30 | | | | |

| 7 | Opposite Ngula R. mouth " | 11 | 8 | | | | | |

| 8 | " Mambanga " | 9 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 9 | " Myyui " | 9 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 10 | Camp " | 10 | 8 | | | | | |

| 11 | Bandeya " | 9 | 7 | | | | | |

| 12 | Batundu (by canoes) " | 16 | 6 | | | | | |

+----------+---------------------------------------+--------+---+----+-------+-----------+-------------+------+

| | Carried forward |3438-3/4| | | | | | |

+----------+---------------------------------------+--------+---+----+-------+-----------+-------------+------+

+------------+------------------------------------------+--------+-----------+----------+------------+---------------+------+

| | |Distance| Time | Rain | | |Above |

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. | in |occupied in| during | E. Long. | Latitude | Sea |

| | | Miles. | Hrs.| Min.| Month. | | |Level.|

+------------+------------------------------------------+--------+-----+-----+-------- -+------------+---------------+------+

| |IN SEARCH OF REAR COLUMN--_continued._ | | | | | | | Feet.|

| | | | | | | | | |

| 1888. | Brought forward |3438-3/4| | | | | | |

| August 13 | S. Mupé Forest | 11 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 15 | Below Mariri Rapids " | 9 | 10 | | | | | |

| 16 | Bungangeta Island " | 20 | 7 | | | | | |

| 17 | Banalya. Discovery of Rear Column | 7 | 1 | 30 | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | THIRD JOURNEY TO ALBERT NYANZA. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| 21 | Bungangeta Island Forest | 7 | 3 | | | | | |

| 31 | Opposite Central Mariri " | 12 | 6 | | 47 hrs. | | | |

|September 1 | Mariri Rapids " | 8 | 3 | | | | | |

| 2 | Upper Mariri " | 4 | 4 | | | | | |

| 3 | S. Mupé " | 5 | 3 | | | | | |

| 5 | Batundu " | 11 | 7 | | | | | |

| 8 | Elephant Playground " | 10 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 9 | Below Bandeya " | 5 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 10 | Bandeya " | 3 | 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 12 | Opposite Manginni " | 10 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 13 | " Myyui " | 9 | 7 | | | | | |

| 14 | " Mambanga " | 9 | 5 | | | | | |

| 17 | " Ngula R. mouth " | 9 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 18 | " Island " | 7 | 4 | 45 | | | | |

| 19 | Panga Falls " | 4 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 20 | Camp above Falls " | 1-1/2| 1 | | | | | |

| 21 | Nejambi Rapids " | 4 | 4 | | | | | |

| 24 | Camp above Utiri " | 9 | 5 | 15 | | | | |

| 25 | Engweddé " | 9 | 6 | 45 | | | | |

| 26 | Avisibba " | 7 | 3 | 30 | | | | |

| 27 | Foot of Mabengu Rapids Forest | 9 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 29 | Upper Mabengu Rapids " | 2-1/2| 4 | | | | | |

| 30 | Upper Rapids of Avu-gadu " | 10-1/2|10 | |10-1/2hrs.| | | |

| October 1 | Ave-jeli " | 17 | 7 | 30 | | | | |

| 2 | Little Rapids " | 8-1/2| 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 4 | Bavikai, N. bank " | 6 | 4 | | | 27° 34' | N. 1° 38' | |

| 7 | Basopo Cataract, S. Bank " | 4 | 3 | | | | | |

| 8 | Foot of Cataract " | 6 | 4 | | | | | |

| 9 | Top of Rapids " | 4 | 3 | 15 | | | | 1980|

| 10 | Hippo Broads " | 3 | 1 | 30 | | | | 1916|

| 11 | Bafaido Cataract " | 8 | 5 | 30 | | | | 1964|

| 13 | Ave-yabu " | 9 | 5 | | | | | |

| 14 | Navaiya Rapids " | 7 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 16 | Navabi Cataract " | 3-1/2| 3 | 30 | | | | |

| 17 | Above Navabi Village " | 6 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 18 | Foot of Amiri Falls " | 6-1/2| 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 19 | Top of Amiri Falls " | 1 | | 30 | | | | |

| 22 | Rapids " | 5-1/2| 3 | | | | | |

| 23 | Ugarrowwa's. N. bank " | 8 | 6 | | | | | |

| 24 | Bunda " " | 9 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 25 | Opposite Lenda R. " " | 10 | 5 | | | | | |

| 26 | Big Rapids " " | 7-1/2| 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 27 | Above Cataract " " | 8 | 4 | | | | | |

| 28 | W. Ave-tiko " " | 5-1/2| 3 | | | | | 2548|

| 30 | Camp (inland) " | 7 | 5 | | | | | |

| 31 | " near Epeni R. " | 6 | 5 | 30 | 39 hrs. | | | 2815|

| November 1 | Andaki " | 5 | 3 | 45 | | 28° 25' | N. 1° 16' 35" | 2907|

| 3 | Camp " | 7 | 5 | | | | | |

| 4 | " " | 8 | 5 | 45 | | | N. 1° 16' 38" | 3051|

| 5 | " " | 9-1/4| 6 | 45 | | | N. 1° 19' 0" | |

| 6 | " " | 8 | 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 11 | " " | 3-1/2| 2 | 30 | | 28° 42' 15"| N. 1° 17' 30" | |

+------------+------------------------------------------+--------+--- +---- +----------+------------+---------------+------+

| | Carried forward |3848 | | | | | | |

+------------+------------------------------------------+--------+--- +---- +----------+------------+---------------+------+

+------------+----------------------------------------+--------+-----------+----------+-----------+-------------+------+

| | |Distance| Time | Rain | | |Above |

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. | in |occupied in| during | E. Long. | Latitude. | Sea |

| | | Miles. |Hrs. |Min. | Month. | | |Level.|

+------------+----------------------------------------+--------+-----+-----+----------+-----------+-------------+------+

| | | | | | | | | Feet.|

| | | | | | | | | |

| 1888. | Brought forward |3848 | | | | | | |

|November 12 | Camp Forest | 9 | 6 | | | | | |

| 13 | " " | 8-1/2| 6 | | | | | |

| 14 | Andikumu " | 6-1/2| 4 | | |28° 54' |N. 1° 29' 15"| 3414 |

| 19 | Camp " | 4-1/2| 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 20 | " " | 5 | 4 | | | | | |

| 21 | " " | 7-1/2| 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 22 | " " | 8-1/4| 6 | | |29° 2' |N. 1° 44' | |

| 23 | " " | 3-1/2| 2 | 30 | | | | |

| 25 | Indé-mau " | 6-1/4| 3 | 30 |35-3/4hrs.|29° 7' 45"|N. 1° 47' 16"| 3635 |

| December 1 | Dui River " | 9 | 5 | 30 | | | | 3296 |

| 2 | Andi-uba " | 9 | 5 | 30 | | | | 3360 |

| 3 | Addi-guhha " | 6 | 3 | | |29° 18' 30"|N. 1° 39' | 3462 |

| 4 | Ngwetza " | 7-3/4| 4 | 30 | | | | 3565 |

| 6 | Camp " | 7-1/2| 6 | 30 | | | | |

| 7 | " " | 7 | 5 | 30 | | | | 3600 |

| 8 | Starvation Camp " | 8-1/2| 6 | 15 | |29° 21' 30"|N. 1° 27' 15"| 3472 |

| 15 | Camp of 7th December " | 8-1/2| 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 16 | Starvation Camp " | 8-1/2| 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 17 | Ihuru River " | 5 | 3 | 30 | | | | 3380 |

| 18 | Camp " | 5 | 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 19 | Plantations of Fort Bodo " | 6 | 5 | | | | | |

| 20 | Fort Bodo " | 3 | 2 | | | | | 3503 |

| 23 | Pigmies' Cross Roads Camp " | 9 | 5 | 30 | | | | 3683 |

| 24 | Pigmies' Camp " | 5 | 2 | 30 | | | | 3865 |

| | (A portion of the Column proceeds} | | | | | | | |

| | from Fort Bodo to Ituri River } | 106-1/2| 52 | | 16-1/2 | | | |

| | and returns to Pigmies' Camp) } | | | | hrs. | | | |

| 1889. | | | | | | | | |

| January 4 | Indé-mwani Forest| 5 | 3 | | | | | 3510 |

| 5 | Near W. Indé-nduru " | 10 | 5 | 50 | | | | 3610 |

| 6 | Beyond E. Indé-nduru " | 8 | 3 | 55 | | | | 3470 |

| 7 | Mount Pisgah " | 9-1/2| 4 | 40 | | | | 4600 |

| 9 | Ituri River Ferry " | | 7 | | 3 45 | | | 3000 |

| 10 | Kandekoré " | 1/2| | 15 | | | | 3464 |

| 11 | First Camp Grass Land| 6-1/4| 3 | 10 | | | | 3718 |

| 12 | Bessé " | 6 | 2 | 50 | | | | 3565 |

| 13 | Near Mukangi " | 9-3/4| 4 | 50 | | | | |

| 14 | Undussuma " | 8 | 3 | 50 | | | | 4235 |

| 16 | Uzanza. (Gavira's) " | 9 | 4 | 30 | | | | 4657 |

| 18 | KAVALLI'S. RESCUE OF EMIN PASHA | 8 | 4 | 10 | 9 hrs. | | | 4803 |

| | Height of Balegga Hills | | | | | | | 5591 |

| |{To Nyanza and back (26 miles), }| | | |Feb. 11hrs.| | | |

| |{performed 19 separate times }| 494 | | | | | | |

| | Journey to Ituri River and back | 94 | | |Mar.10-1/2"| | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| | RETREAT TO THE SEA. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| April 10 | To Gavira's from Kavalli | 8 | 4 | 10 | | | | 4657 |

| 12 | Undussuma | 9 | 4 | 30 | 43 hrs | | | 4235 |

| May 8 | Buryambiri | 7 | 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 9 | Ujungwa, central | 6-1/2| 4 | 15 | | | | 4100 |

| 10 | Utinda | 7 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 11 | Buhobo | 6-1/2| 4 | 15 | |30° 8' 30"|N. 1° 11' | 4966 |

| 12 | Mboga | 5 | 3 | | |30° 8' 15"|N. 1° 3' | |

| 14 | Kiryama | 6 | 3 | 45 | |30° 11' 45"|N. 1° 0' 30"| 2900 |

| 17 | Awamba Ferry. Semliki R. | 10 | 4 | 45 | |30° 11' 45"|N. 0° 53' 45"| 2450 |

| 20 | Large Village. AWAMBA Forest | 2-1/2| 1 | 30 | | | | |

| 22 | Small Village " | 8 | 6 | | | | | |

+------------+----------------------------------------+--------+-----+-----+-----------+-----------+-------------+------+

| | Carried forward |4861-3/4| | | | | | |

+------------+----------------------------------------+--------+-----+-----+-----------+-----------+-------------+------+

+-------+------------------------------------+--------+-----------+----------+-----------+-------------+------+

| | |Distance| Time | Rain | E. Long. | Latitude. |Above |

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. | in |occupied in| during | | | Sea |

| | | Miles. |Hrs. |Min. | Month. | | |Level.|

+-------+------------------------------------+--------+-----+-----+----------+-----------+-------------+------+

| | | | | | | | | Feet.|

| |RETREAT TO THE SEA--_continued._ | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| 1889.| Brought forward |4861-3/4| | | | | | |

| May 23| Baki Kundi Forest | 4 | 2 | 15 | |30° 11' 45"|N. 0° 47' 3"| |

| 25| Village " | 4 | 2 | 30 | | | | |

| 26| Ugarania. Edge of Forest " | 5 | 3 | | |30° 14' 45"|N. 0° 45' 49"| 2942|

| 29| Butama | 4 | 2 | 30 | | |N. 0° 38' 48"| |

| 30| Bukoko | 7 | 4 | |64-3/4hrs.| |N. 0° 40' | 3345|

| June 2| Banzombe | 8 | 5 | | | |N. 0° 38' | 3050|

| 3| Bakokoro | 3 | 3 | | | |N. 0° 37' | |

| 5| Mtarega | 4 | 2 | 30 | | |N. 0° 29' | 3864|

| | Stairs's Highest ascent to below | | | | | | | |

| | Twin Cones | | | | | | |10,677|

| 9| Forest Camp | 7 | 4 | 45 | | | | 3200|

| 10| Ulegga. UKONJU | 6-1/4| 5 | | | |N. 0° 20' 39"| 4500|

| 11| Mtsora | 7 | 4 | 30 | |29° 46' 45"|N. 0° 15' | 3990|

| |Plain, Ancient bed of Lake below | | | | | | | 3643|

| | Mtsora | | | | | | | |

| 14| Muhamba. USONGORA | 10 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| | Upper Semliki River nearly opposite| | | | | | | 3401|

| 15| Karimi | 8-1/2| 4 | | |29° 49' |N. 0° 4' 30"| 4850|

| 16| Rusessé. ALBERT EDW. LAKE--USONGORA| 11 | 4 | 45 | |29° 53' 30"|N. 0° 2' 30"| 3710|

| 17| Katwé | 12 | 4 | 20 | |30° 1' 30"|S. 0° 8' 15"| 3461|

| | Lake Albert Edward | | | | | | | 3307|

| | Salt Lake | | | | | | | 3265|

| 20| Mukungu | 18-1/2| 6 | 45 | |30° 11' 30"|S. 0° 1' 30"| |

| 21| Muhokya | 11 | 4 | | |30° 11' 30"|N. 0° 8' | |

| 22| Buruli. ALBERT EDWARD LAKE--TORO. | 10-1/4| 4 | 15 | |30° 16' 15"|N. 0° 13' | 3320|

| 25| Nsongi River | 12 | 5 | 45 | |30° 20' 30"|N. 0° 19' | 3320|

| 26| Kavandaré | 7-1/2| 4 | | |30° 24' 45"|N. 0° 15' 30"| 3875|

| 28| Camp | 6-1/2| 3 | 45 | | |N. 0° 12' | |

| 29| Chamlērikwa | 6-1/2| 3 | 45 |7-1/2 hrs.| | | |

| July 1| Kasunga-Nyanza | 6 | 3 | | |30° 22' 30"|N. 0° 0' 45"| |

| 3| Katari. ANKORI | 9 | 4 | 15 | | | | |

| 4| Kiteté | 8 | 4 | 45 | |30° 19' 45"|S. 0° 11' 45"| 4329|

| 5| Kibwiga | 5 | 3 | | | | | 5260|

| | Kinya magara ridge | | | | | | | 6160|

| 6| Buzimba | 5 | 2 | 30 | |30° 28' |S. 0° 10' | 5002|

| 9| Kitega | 9 | 4 | 45 | |30° 31' 30"|S. 0° 16' | 5750|

| 10| Katara | 6 | 3 | | |30° 31' |S. 0° 23' 15"| 5355|

| 11| Wamaganga | 5-1/2| 2 | 45 | | |S. 0° 32' 15"| 4960|

| 12| Kasari | 7 | 3 | 30 | | | | 4860|

| 14| Nyamatoso | 10-1/2| 4 | | |30° 42' 30"|S. 0° 36' 30"| 4860|

| 17| Kasussu | 10 | 4 | 45 | | |S. 0° 41' | 5300|

| 21| Namianja | 6 | 3 | 15 | |30° 47' 30"|S. 0° 43' | 4890|

| 22| Viaruha | 6 | 3 | 15 | |30° 51' |S. 0° 45' 15"| 4835|

| 24| Mavona | 8 | 4 | 15 | |30° 54' |S. 0° 46' 45"| |

| 25| Alexandra Nile | 11 | 5 | | | | | |

| 26| Ferry across River (Alexandra Nile)| 1-1/2| | 45 | |30° 56' 30"|S. 0° 57' 45"| 4150|

| 28| Unya Katera. KARAGWE | 6 | 2 | 50 | |30° 58' 15"|S. 1° 5' 45"| 4460|

| 29| Hot Springs, Mtagata | 11 | 5 | | |31° 0' |S. 1° 9' 10"| |

| 31| Kirurumo | 9 | 4 | | | | | 4890|

|August1| Buteté | 10 | 4 | | |31° 7' 15"|S. 1° 23' | |

| 2| Kivona | 11 | 5 | | |31° 11' |S. 1° 30' 15"| |

| 3| Kafurro | 12 | 6 | | | |S. 1° 39' 45"| 4720|

| 7| Rozaka | 10 | 5 | | | | | 5160|

| 8| Utenga | 7 | 3 | | | | | 5000|

| 10| Urigi Lake | 9 | 4 | 30 | |31° 25' 45"|S. 1° 55' 15"| 3930|

| 11| Urigi Lake, Kavari. IHANGIRO | 9-1/2| 4 | 45 | |31° 29' |S. 2° 0' | 3930|

| 12| Urigi Lake, Mutara | 7 | 3 | 30 | |31° 31' 45"|S. 2° 7' 15"| |

| 13| Ngoti | 10 | 4 | 30 | | |S. 2° 11' 30"| |

| 15| Kimwani, Victoria Nyanza. UZINJA | 10 | 5 | | |31° 48' 45"|S. 2° 17' 30"| 4220|

| 18| Nyamagoju, Victoria Nyanza | 12 | 4 | 45 | |31° 46' 30"|S. 2° 19' 30"| 3900|

| 19| Kisaho, Victoria Nyanza. UZINJA, | 13 | 4 | 45 | |31° 51' 45"|S. 2° 30' | 3900|

+-------+------------------------------------+--------+-----+-----+----------+-----------+-------------+------+

| | Carried forward |5294-3/4| | | | | | |

+-------+------------------------------------+--------+-----+-----+----------+-----------+-------------+------+

+------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+--------+-----------+-------------+------+

| | |Distance | Time | Rain | | |Above |

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. | in |occupied in| during | E. Long. | Latitude. | Sea |

| | | Miles. | Hrs.| Min.| Month. | | |Level.|

+------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+-----+-----+--------+-----------+-------------+------+

| | | | | | | | | Feet.|

| | RETREAT TO THE SEA--_continued._ | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| 1889. | Brought forward | 5294-3/4 | | | | | | |

| August 20| Itari, Victoria Nyanza | 13-1/2 | 5 | | |31° 54' |S. 2° 37' 30"| |

| 21| Amranda, Victoria Nyanza | 12-1/2 | 4 | 30 | |31° 56' 30"|S. 2° 48' | 3860 |

| 22| Bwanga | 11 | 4 | | |31° 58' 15"|S. 2° 56' | 3960 |

| 23| Uyombi | 18 | 6 | 45 | |32° 12' 15"|S. 3° 0' | 4190 |

| 25| Kamwaga | 12-1/2 | 5 | | |32° 22' 15"|S. 3° 0' | 4560 |

| 26| Umpeké | 13 | 5 | | |32° 30' 45"|S. 3° 2' | 4660 |

| 27| French Mission. USAMBIRO | 15 | 6 | | |32° 42' 45"|S. 2° 59' 15"| 4410 |

| 28|English Mission, Victoria Nyanza (Makolo's)| 13 | 4 | 45 | 15 min.|32° 48' 45"|S. 3° 1' 45"| 4010 |

|September 17| Muzimu, Victoria Nyanza | 7-1/2 | 3 | | | | | |

| 18| Gengé, near Victoria Nyanza | 8-1/2 | 3 | 30 | |32° 56' 45"|S. 2° 53' 45"| |

| 19| Kungu, Urima. USUKUMA | 10-1/2 | 4 | | | | | |

| 20| Ikoma, Urima | 8-1/2 | 3 | 30 | | |S. 3° 6' 30"| |

| 21| Muanza, Nera | 9 | 4 | 30 | |33° 16' 15"|S. 3° 12' | |

| 22| Seké, Nera | 13 | 6 | | | | | 4160 |

| 23| Seke Kwikuru | 6-1/2 | 3 | 30 | |33° 28' 30"|S. 3° 24' | 4410 |

| 25| Sinyanga | 12 | 5 | | |33° 25' 45"|S. 3° 31' 30"| 4035 |

| 26| Sinyanga Kwikuru | 3 | 1 | 30 | | | | |

| 27| Kizumbu | 11-1/2 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 28| Masari's | 10 | 4 | | |33° 24' 45"|S. 3° 32' 54"| 3810 |

| 29| Usongo N. | 22 | 9 | | | | | 4660 |

| October 1| Usongo Central | 3 | 1 | 30 | |33° 26' |S. 4° 5' | |

| 9| Nyawa | 11 | 4 | 15 | | | | |

| 10| Simgwizi | 8 | 3 | | | | | |

| 11| Mana Tombolo | 11-1/2 | 3 | 45 | | |S. 4° 35' | |

| 13| Camp in Wilderness Water in pits | 11-1/2 | 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 14| " " " | 10 | 3 | 15 | | | | 4110 |

| 15| " " " | 16 | 6 | 15 | | | | 3810 |

| 16| N. Ikungu " | 12 | 4 | 30 | |33° 56' 30"|S. 5° 14' 30"| |

| 17| Ikungu Kwikuru Water in pits | 4 | 1 | 45 | | | | |

| 20| Camp in Wilderness " | 18 | 7 | 10 | | | | |

| 21| " " " | 7-1/2 | 3 | | | |S. 5° 26' | |

| 22| " " " | 6 | 2 | 10 | | | | |

| 23| Makomero (Utaturu) | 15-1/2 | 6 | 15 | | | | |

| 24| Camp in Wilderness | 14 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 25| Kapalata | 3 | 1 | 10 | |34° 42' |S. 5° 40' 30"| 4398|

| 26| Muhalala. UGOGO | 12-1/2 | 5 | | | | | 3770|

| 28| Mtiwi (Unyangwira) | 11 | 4 | 15 | | | | 3050|

| 29| Makenge's " | 8 | 3 | 15 | | | | 2900|

| 30| Kitinku " | 5 | 2 | | | | | |

| 31| Camp near Water Pits | 6-1/2 | 2 | 45 | | | | |

| November 1| Magombya | 13-1/2 | 5 | 30 | | | | |

| 2| Camp near Water Pits | 15 | 6 | | | | | 3900|

| 3| Njassa | 10-1/2 | 4 | | | | | 3600|

| 4| Ipala | 7-1/2 | 2 | 45 | | | | |

| 5| Massanga | 10-1/2 | 3 | 45 | | | | 3600|

| 8| Camp near Water Pits Desert | 5 | 2 | | | | | |

| 9| Khambi Usagara | 18 | 6 | 50 | | | | 2900|

| 10| Mpwapwa. GERMAN E. AFRICA. " | 11-1/2 | 4 | 30 | | | | |

| 13| Tubugwé " | 11 | 4 | 15 | | | | 3350|

| 14| Mtoni " | 8 | 3 | 15 | | | | |

| 15| Kideté " | 10 | 4 | 15 | | | | 2400|

| 16| Kirassa " | 9 | 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 17| Muinyi " | 6-1/2 | 2 | 30 | | | | 1900|

| 19| Ferahani " | 14 | 5 | 45 | | | | |

| 20| Waziri Useguhha | 7 | 2 | 30 | | | | 1425|

| 21| Makata River " | 15 | 6 | | | | | |

| 22| Vianzi " | 9 | 3 | 45 | | | | |

| 23| Simbamwenni " | 11-1/2 | 4 | 30 | | | | 1750|

| 25| E. Simbamwenni " | 7 | 2 | 30 | | | | |

+------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+-----+-----+------ +-----------+-------------+------+

| | Carried forward |5918-1/4 | | | | | | |

+------------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+-----+-----+------ +-----------+-------------+------+

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----------+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

| | |Distance | Time | Rain | | | Above |

| Date. | Name of Place or Camp. | in |occupied in| during| E. Long. | Latitude. | Sea |

| | | Miles. | Hrs.|Min. | Month.| | | Level.|

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----+-----+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

| | | | | | | | | Feet. |

| | RETREAT TO THE SEA--_continued_. | | | | | | | |

| | | | | | | | | |

| 1889. | Brought forward | 5918-1/4| | | | | | |

| November 26 | Mikessé Useguhha | 13 | 5 | | | | | |

| 27 | Ungerengeri River " | 14-1/2| 5 | 30 | | | | 500 |

| 28 | Msua " | 17 | 6 | 45 | | | | 350 |

| December 1 | Mbiki | 15 | 6 | | | | | 250 |

| 2 | Mbuyuni | 6-1/2| 2 | 30 | | | | |

| 3 | Kibiro | 12-1/2| 5 | | | | | |

| 4 | Bagamoyo | 10-1/2| 4 | 15 | | | | |

| 6 | Zanzibar Island by Sea | 25 | | | | | | |

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----+-----+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

| | TOTAL MILES | 6032-1/4| | | | | | |

+-------------+-----------------------------------------+---------+-----+-----+-------+-----------+-------------+-------+

STATEMENT OF THE EMIN PASHA RELIEF FUND.

RECEIPTS FROM SUBSCRIBERS. £ s. d.

Egyptian Government 14,000 0 0

Sir William Mackinnon, Bart. 3,000 0 0

Peter Mackinnon, Esq. 1,500 0 0

Peter Bonny, Esq., of Dumbarton 1,500 0 0

Baroness Burdett-Coutts 100 0 0

James Sligo Jameson, Esq. 1,000 0 0

Countess de Noailles 1,000 0 0

Gray, Dawes & Co., London 1,500 0 0

J. Mackinnon, Esq. 450 0 0

H. T. Younger, Esq., of Benmore 500 0 0

Duncan MacNeil, Esq. 1,050 0 0

Alexander L. Bruce, Esq., Edinburgh 750 0 0

James F. Hutton, Esq., Manchester 250 0 0

Royal Geographical Society 1,000 0 0

W. Burdett-Coutts, Esq. 400 0 0

J. M. Hall, Esq. 375 0 0

N. MacMichael, Esq. 375 0 0

J. Siltzer, Esq. 100 0 0

Sir Thomas Fowell Buxton 250 0 0

Col. J. A. Grant 100 0 0

W. P. Alexander, Esq. 250 0 0

A. F. Walter, Esq., of the _Times_ 500 0 0

Received from newspapers on account of letters from H. M. Stanley:

_Daily News_, London £500 0 0

_Standard_, London 250 0 0

_Daily Telegraph_, London 200 0 0

_Manchester Guardian_ 200 0 0

_Scotsman_, Edinburgh 200 0 0

--------- 1,350 0 0

H. M. Stanley, refund of cash received from Boyts & Co., Suez 597 4 1

Eastern Telegraph Co., refund of half rates on Zanzibar Telegrams 167 4 6

Interest on deposits, Ransome & Co. 171 6 4

Gray, Dawes & Co., refund of Transport 489 0 11

B. Edgington, refund from bills 5 6 10

Messrs. S. Allnatt 3 0 0

Rev. S. Stevenson 2 2 0

African Trading Company (sale of Stores) 152 12 2

Gray, Dawes & Co., amount refunded 30 15 2

Lord Kinnaird 100 0 0

Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, Limited 250 0 0

-------------

£33,268 12 0

-------------

EXPENSES. £ _s._ _d._

Transport and Travelling Expenses 7,202 3 5

Stores 5,046 8 4

Expedition Equipment 2,307 15 7

Wages advanced to Porters 2,027 15 4

Salaries and Commissions 636 16 8

Telegrams 518 18 0

Insurance 30 2 10

Medical Attendance 96 4 9

Special Messenger to Khartoum 65 0 0

Two drafts drawn in Africa for Goods 225 0 0

Petty expenses in London 97 14 10

Eastern Telegraph Co 35 4 1

Printing 1 7 9

Petty Cash 10 0 0

Wages of Soudanese (Suez Draft) 1,200 0 0

Edinburgh Draft 0 5 0

William Bonny’s balance of Salary 242 0 0

Captain Nelson’s Expenses 30 9 4

Passage, Stairs and Jephson 44 13 6

Expenses on “Katoria” and “Rewa” 24 11 2

Smith, Mackenzie & Co.'s Draft for

Payment of Expedition 6,066 18 10

1st Donation to Lieut. W. G. Stairs 400 0 0

“ to A. Mounteney Jephson, Esq. 400 0 0

“ to Capt. R. H. Nelson 400 0 0

“ to Surgeon T. H. Parke 400 0 0

“ to William Bonny, Esq. 200 0 0

-----------------

£27,709 9 5

-----------------

To contribution to Widows and Orphans

of deceased Zanzibaris 10,000 rupees.

-----------------

GENERAL INDEX.

Ababua tribe, i. 165; ii. 22, 97.

Abbaté Pasha, i. 58.

Abdallah Karoni, i. 517-18, 524.

Abdul Aziz, Sultan of Turkey, i. 443.

Abdul Hassan Ali and River Nile, ii. 310.

Abdul Kader Pasha and Emin, i. 444-5.

Abdul Vaal Effendi, ii. 121.

Abu Klea, battle of, i. 24.

Abunguma, i. 298, 302-4, 347.

Achmet Effendi, ii. 121, 158-9.

Achmet, the Somali, i. 201.

Addiguhha, ii. 61;

skull at, 163.

Aden, i. 59.

Advance column, memorandum for officers of, i. 129-31;

numbers of, 133.

_Advance_ steel boat, i. 80, 85, 92, 146, 195-6, 373, 390, 427;

ii. 133-147.

Africa, dancing, music, and jewels in, i. 436;

ornaments, 477;

Professor Drummond on, ii. 73-4;

Great Central Forest of, 74-5;

in Homer’s time, 291-4;

in Ptolemy’s, Hekatæus', &c., time, 294-312;

tribes of Central, 384-403.

_A. I. A._ steamer, i. 77, 120, 516, 527, 532.

Ajif Mountain, ii. 256.

Akka tribe of dwarfs, i. 374-5, 385;

ii. 42, 100-109.

Albert Nyanza Lake, i. 64, 112, 122, 125, 129, 192, 295, 313, 324, 327;

Mason’s chart of, 328;

shores of, 339-40, 393.

Albert Lake, ii. 175;

Emin and, 240-257, 259;

rivers into, 318, 323, 328, 331, 333, 335-7.

Albert Edward Nyanza, first view of, ii. 290;

rivers into, 317-18, 323, 328-31;

basin of, 335-6;

islands of, 343-4, 346-8, 351, 353;

last view of, 354-7, 360-1.

_Albuquerque_, s.s., i. 76.

Alessé, dwarfs of, i. 367.

Alexandra Nile, _see_ “Nile.”

Ali bin Said, ii. 429.

Ali Effendi, ii. 226.

Ali Pasha Moubarek, ii. 304.

Allen, Mr., i. 26;

and Emin, ii. 470.

Amadi Station, ii. 242-3.

Amani (youth), ii. 47-8.

Amari boy, i. 474.

Amelot and Stanley Falls Station, i. 70.

Amiri Falls, i. 204, 476;

ii. 34-6.

Amranda, ii. 422.

Andari clearing, ii. 45, 46, 48, 50.

Anderson, Sir Percy, i. 44, 45, 47.

Anderson, Sir James, i. 66.

Andikumu clearing, ii. 53, 54, 59.

Anditoké, ii. 57.

Andiuba village, ii. 61.

Anduta, ii. 53, 54.

Ankori, ii. 314, 343-4, 351;

route, 360-7, 371-2;

climate of, 376-7, 380;

cattle of, 393, 404-5, 411.

Antari, King of Ankori, ii. 359-61, 365;

mother of, 366-7, 372-3, 379.

Antelope, i. 218.

Ants, i. 150;

at Fort Bodo, 356-7, 469;

in forest, 479-80.

Arabs, _see_ “Kilonga Longa,” “Manyuema,” and “Ugarrowwa.”

Arab legends about the River Nile, ii. 303-12.