bishop of London 1051, sate 17 years, and deceased 1070. He obtained of
William the Conqueror the charter of liberties for the city of London,
as I have set down in my _Summary_, and appeareth by his epitaph in
Paul’s church. 1070. Hugh de Orwell bishop of London; he died of a
leprosy when he had sitten fifteen years.
1085. Maurice bishop of London; in whose time, to wit, in the year
1086, the church of St. Paul was burnt, with the most part of this city;
and therefore he laid the foundation of a new large church; and having
sat twenty-two years he deceased 1107, saith Paris.
1108. Richard Beame, or Beamor, bishop of London, did wonderfully
increase the work of this church begun, purchasing the streets and lanes
adjoining with his own money; and he founded the monastery of St. Osyth
in Essex. He sat bishop nineteen years, and deceased 1127.
1127. Gilbertus Universalis, a canon of Lyons, elected by Henry I.; he
deceased 1141, when he had sat fourteen years.
1142. Robert de Segillo, a monk of Reading, whom Mawde the empress made
bishop of London, where he sat eleven years. Geffrey de Magnavile took
him prisoner at Fulham, and he deceased 1152.
1153. Richard Beames, archdeacon of Essex, bishop of London ten years,
who deceased 1162.
1163. Gilbert Foliot, bishop of Hereford, from whence translated to
London, sat twenty-three years, and deceased 1186.
1189. Richard Fitz Nele, the king’s treasurer, archdeacon of Essex,
elected bishop of London at Pipwel, 1189. He sate nine years, and
deceased 1198. This man also took great pains about the building of
Paul’s church, and raised many other goodly buildings in his diocese.
1199. William S. Mary Church, a Norman, bishop of London, who was one
of the three bishops that, by the pope’s commandment, executed his
interdiction, or curse, upon the whole realm of England; but he was
forced, with the other bishops, to flee the realm in 1208; and his
castle at Stratford in Essex was by commandment of King John overthrown,
1210. This William, in company of the archbishop of Canterburie, and of
the bishop of Elie, went to Rome, and there complained against the king,
1212, and returned, so as in the year 1215 King John, in the church of
St. Paul, at the hands of this William, took upon him the cross for the
Holy Land. He resigned his bishoprick of his own voluntary in the year
1221, saith Cogshall.
1221. Eustachius de Fauconbridge, treasurer of the exchequer (saith
Paris), chancellor of the exchequer (saith Textor and Cogshall), bishop
of London, 1223, whilst at Chelmesforde he was giving holy orders, a
great tempest of wind and rain annoyed so many as came thither, whereof
it was gathered how highly God was displeased with such as came to
receive orders, to the end that they might live a more easy life of the
stipend appointed to the churchmen, giving themselves to banquetting;
and so with unclean and filthy bodies (but more unclean souls) presume
to minister unto God, the author of purity and cleanness. Falcatius de
Brent was delivered to his custody in the year 1224. This Eustachius
deceased in the year 1228, and was buried in Paul’s church, in the south
side, without, or above, the choir.
1229. Roger Niger, archdeacon of Colchester, made bishop of London. In
the year 1230 (saith Paris), upon the feast day of the Conversion of St.
Paul, when he was at mass in the cathedral church of St. Paul, a great
multitude of people being there present, suddenly the weather waxed
dark, so as one could scantly see another, and a horrible thunder-clap
lighted on the church, which so shook it, that it was like to have
fallen, and therewithal out of a dark cloud proceeded a flash of
lightning, that all the church seemed to be on fire, whereupon such a
stench ensued, that all men thought they should have died; thousands of
men and women ran out of the church, and being astonied, fell upon the
ground void of all sense and understanding; none of all the multitude
tarried in the church save the bishop and one deacon, which stood still
before the high altar, awaiting the will of God. When the air was
cleansed, the multitude returned into the church, and the bishop ended
the service.
This Roger Niger is commended to have been a man of worthy life,
excellently well-learned, a notable preacher, pleasant in talk, mild
of countenance, and liberal at his table. He admonished the usurers of
his time to leave such enormities as they tendered the salvation of
their souls, and to do penance for that they had committed. But when
he saw they laughed him to scorn, and also threatened him, the bishop
generally excommunicated and accursed all such, and commanded straitly
that such usurers should depart farther from the city of London, which
hither towards had been ignorant of such mischief and wickedness, least
his diocese should be infected therewithal. He fell sick and died at his
manor of Bishops hall, in the lordship and parish of Stebunheth, in the
year 1241, and was buried in Paul’s church, on the north side of the
presbytery, in a fair tomb, coped, of grey marble.
1241. Fulco Basset, dean of Yorke, by the death of Gilbert Basset,
possessed his lands, and was then made bishop of London, deceased on the
21st of May, in the year 1259, as saith John Textor, and was buried in
Paul’s church.
1259. Henry Wingham, chancellor of England, made bishop of London,
deceased in the year 1262, saith Textor, and was buried in Paul’s
church, on the south side, without or above the choir, in a marble
monument, close at the head of Fauconbridge.
1262. Richard Talbot, bishop of London, straightways after his
consecration deceased, saith Eversden.
1262. Henry Sandwich, bishop of London, deceased in the year 1273, the
same author affirmeth.
1273. John Cheshul, dean of Paul’s, treasurer of the Exchequer, and
keeper of the great seal, was bishop of London, and deceased in the year
1279, saith Eversden.
1280. Fulco Lovel, archdeacon of Colchester, elected bishop of London,
but refused that place.
1280. Richard Gravesend, archdeacon of Northampton, bishop of London.
It appeareth by the charter-warren granted to this bishop, that in his
time there were two woods in the parish of Stebunhith pertaining to the
said bishop. I have since I kept house for myself known the one of them
by Bishops hall; but now they are both made plain of wood, and not to
be discerned from other grounds. Some have fabuled that this Richard
Gravesend, bishop of London, in the year 1392, the 16th of Richard II.,
purchased the charter of liberties to this city; which thing hath no
possibility of truth, as I have proved, for he deceased in the year
1303, almost ninety years before that time.
1307. Raph Baldocke, dean of Paul’s, bishop of London, consecrated
at Lyons by Peter, bishop of Alba, in the year 1307; he was a great
furtherer of the new work of Paul’s; to wit, the east end, called our
Lady chapel, and other adjoining. This Raph deceased in the year 1313,
and was buried in the said Lady chapel, under a flat stone.
1313. Gilbert Segrave was consecrated bishop of London, and sat three
years.
1317. Richard Newport, bishop of London, sat two years, and was buried
in Paul’s church.
1318. Stephen Gravesend, bishop of London, sat twenty years.
1338. Richard Wentworth, bishop of London, and chancellor of England,
and deceased the year 1339.
1339. Raph Stratford, bishop of London; he purchased the piece of ground
called No Man’s land, beside Smithfield, and dedicated it to the use of
burial, as before hath appeared. He was born at Stratford upon Avon, and
therefore built a chapel to St. Thomas there: he sat fourteen years,
deceased at Stebunhith.
1354. Michael Norbroke, bishop of London, deceased in the year 1361,
saith Mirimouth, sat seven years.
1362. Simon Sudbery, bishop of London, sat thirteen years, translated to
be archbishop of Canterbury in the year 1375.
1375. William Courtney, translated from Hereford to the bishoprick
of London, and after translated from thence to the archbishoprick of
Canterbury in the year 1381.
1381. Robert Breybrook, canon of Lichfield, bishop of London, made
chancellor in the 6th of Richard II., sat bishop twenty years, and
deceased in the year 1404: he was buried in the said Lady chapel at
Paul’s.
1405. Roger Walden, treasurer of the exchequer, archbishop of
Canterbury, was deposed, and after made bishop of London; he deceased in
the year 1406, and was buried[301] in Paul’s church, Allhallowes altar.
1406. Richard Bubwith, bishop of London, treasurer of the exchequer,
translated to Salisbury, and from thence to Bathe, and lieth buried at
Wels.
1407. Richard Clifford, removed from Worcester to London, deceased 1422,
as saith Thomas Walsingham, and was buried in Paul’s.
1422. John Kempe, fellow of Martin college in Oxford, was made bishop of
Rochester, from whence removed to Chichester, and thence to London; he
was made the king’s chancellor in the year 1425, the 4th of Henry VI.,
and was removed from London to York in the year 1426: he sat archbishop
there twenty-five years, and was translated to Canterbury; he was
afterwards made cardinal in the year 1452. In the bishop of London’s
house at Fulham he received the cross, and the next day the pall, at the
hands of Thomas Kempe, bishop of London. He deceased in the year 1454.
1426. William Gray, dean of York, consecrated bishop of London, who
founded a college at Thele in Hartfordshire, for a master and four
canons, and made it a cell to Elsing spittle in London; it had of old
time been a college, decayed, and therefore newly-founded. He was
translated to Lincoln 1431.
1431. Robert Fitzhugh, archdeacon of Northampton, consecrated bishop of
London, sat five years, deceased 1435, and was buried on the south side
of the choir of Paul’s.
1435. Robert Gilbert, doctor of divinity, dean of York, consecrated
bishop of London, sat twelve years, deceased 1448.
1449. Thomas Kempe, archdeacon of Richmond, consecrated bishop of London
at York house (now Whitehall), by the hands of his uncle John Kemp,
archbishop of York, the 8th of February, 1449; he founded a chapel of
the Trinity in the body of St. Paul’s church, on the north side; he
sat bishop of London thirty-nine years and forty-eight days, and then
deceased in the year 1489, was there buried.
1489. John Marshal, bishop of London, deceased in the year 1493.
1493. Richard Hall, bishop of London, deceased 1495, and was buried in
the body of St. Paul’s church.
1496. Thomas Savage, first bishop of Rochester, then bishop of London
five years, was translated to York 1501, where he sat archbishop seven
years, and was there buried in the year 1507.
1502. William Warrham, bishop of London, made keeper of the great seal,
sat two years, was translated to Canterbury.
1504. William Barons, bishop of London, sat ten months and eleven days,
deceased in the year 1505.
1505. Richard Fitz James, fellow of Merton college in Oxford, in the
reign of Henry VI., was made bishop of Rochester, after bishop of
Chichester, then bishop of London; he deceased 1521, and lieth buried
hard beneath the north-west pillar of the steeple in St. Paul’s, under a
fair tomb of marble, over the which was built a fair chapel of timber,
with stairs mounting thereunto: this chapel was burned with fire from
the steeple 1561, and the tomb was taken down.
1521. Cuthbert Tunstal, doctor of law, master of the rolls, lord privy
seal, and bishop of London, was thence translated to the bishopric of
Durham in the year 1529.
1529. John Stokeley, bishop of London, sat thirteen years, deceased in
the year 1539, and was buried in the Lady chapel in Paul’s.
1539. Edmond Boner, doctor of the civil law, archdeacon of Leycester,
then bishop of Hereford, was elected to London in the year 1539, whilst
he was beyond the seas, ambassador to King Henry VIII. On the 1st of
September, 1549, he preached at Paul’s cross; for the which sermon he
was charged before the council of King Edward VI., by William Latimer,
parson of St. Lawrence Poltney, and John Hooper, sometime a white monk,
and being convented before certain commissioners at Lambith, was for his
disobedience to the king’s order, on the 20th day of the same month sent
to the Marshalsey, and deprived from his bishopric.
1550. Nicholas Ridley, bishop of Rochester, elected bishop of London,
was installed in Paul’s church on the 12th of April. This man by his
deed, dated the twelfth day after Christmas, in the 4th year of Edward
VI., gave to the king the manors of Branketrie and Southminster, and the
patronage of the church of Cogshall in Essex, the manors of Stebunheth
and Hackney, in the county of Middlesex, and the marsh of Stebunheth,
with all and singular messuages, lands, and tenements, to the said
manors belonging, and also the advowson of the vicarage of the parish
church of Cogshall in Essex aforesaid; which grant was confirmed by the
dean and chapter of Paul’s, the same day and year, with exception of
such lands in Southminster, Stebunheth, and Hackney, as only pertained
to them. The said King Edward, by his letters patents, dated the 16th
of April, in the said 4th year of his reign, granted to Sir Thomas
Wentworth, Lord Wentworth, lord chamberlain of the king’s household,
for, and in consideration of his good and faithful service before done,
a part of the late received gift, to wit, the lordships of Stebunheth
and Hackney, with all the members and appurtenances thereunto belonging,
in Stebunheth, Hackney way, Shoreditch, Holiwell street, Whitechappell,
Stratford at Bow, Poplar, North street, Limehouse, Ratliffe, Cleve
street, Brock street, Mile end, Bleten hall green, Oldford, Westheth,
Kingsland, Shakelwell, Newinton street _alias_ Hackney street, Clopton,
Church street, Wel street, Humbarton, Grove street, Gunston street,
_alias_ More street, in the county of Middlesex, together with the marsh
of Stebunhith, etc. The manor of Hackney was valued at sixty-one pounds
nine shillings and fourpence, and the manor Stebunhith at one hundred
and forty pounds eight shillings and eleven pence, by year, to be holden
in chief, by the service of the twentieth part of a knight’s fee. This
bishop, Nicholas Ridley, for preaching a sermon at Paul’s cross, on the
16th of July, in the year 1553, was committed to the Tower of London,
where he remained prisoner till the 10th of April, 1554, and was thence
sent to Oxford, there to dispute with the divines and learned men of the
contrary opinion; and on the 16th of October, 1555, he was burned at
Oxford for opinions against the Romish order of sacraments, etc.
1553. Edmond Boner aforesaid, being released out of the Marshalsey,
was restored to the bishoprick of London, by Queen Mary, on the 5th
of August, in the year 1553, and again deposed by Queen Elizabeth, in
the month of July 1559, and was eftsoones committed to the Marshalsey,
where he died on the 5th of September, 1569, and was at midnight buried
amongst other prisoners in St. George’s churchyard.
1559. Edmond Grindal, bishop of London, being consecrated the 21st of
December, 1559, was translated to York in the year 1570, and from thence
removed to Canterbury in the year 1575. He died blind 1583 on the 6th of
July, and was buried at Croydowne in Surrey.
1570. Edwine Stands, being translated from Worcester to the bishoprick
of London, in the year 1570, was thence translated to Yorke in the year
1576, and died in the year 1588.
1576. John Elmere, bishop of London, deceased in the year 1594, on the
3rd of June at Fulham, and was buried in Paul’s church, before St.
Thomas chapel.
1594. Richard Fletcher, bishop of Worcester, was on the 30th of December
in Paul’s church elected bishop of London, and deceased on the 15th of
June, 1596: he was buried in Paul’s church without any solemn funeral.
1597. Richard Bancroft, doctor of divinity, consecrated at Lambeth on
Sunday, the 8th of May, now sitteth bishop of London, in the year 1598
being installed there.
This much for the succession of the bishops of London, whose diocese
containeth the city of London, the whole shires of Middlesex and
Essex and part of Hartfordshire. These bishops have for assistants in
the cathedral church of St. Paul, a dean, a chaunter, a chancellor,
a treasurer, five archdeacons--to wit, London, Middlesex, Essex,
Colchester, and St. Alban’s, and thirty prebendaries; there appertaineth
also to the said churches for furniture of the choir in Divine service,
and ministration of the sacraments, a college of twelve petty canons,
six vicars choral, and choristers, etc.
This diocese is divided into parishes, every parish having its parson,
or vicar at the least, learned men for the most part, and sufficient
preachers, to instruct the people. There were in this city, and within
the suburbs thereof, in the reign of Henry II. (as writeth Fitz
Stephens), thirteen great conventual churches, besides the lesser sort
called parish churches, to the number of one hundred and twenty-six,
all which conventual churches, and some others since that time founded,
are now suppressed and gone, except the cathedral church of St. Paul in
London, and the college of St. Peter at Westminster; of all which parish
churches, though I have spoken, yet for more ease to the reader I will
here again set them down in manner of a table, not by order of alphabet,
but as they be placed in the wards and suburbs.
FOOTNOTES:
[300] “Eleutherius died in the yeare 186, when he had sitten bishop 15
yeares.”--_Stow._
[301] “At Bartholomew’s priory in Smithfield.”--_1st edition_, p. 304.
PARISH CHURCHES
1. _In Portsoken ward, parish churches, three._
The hospital of St. Katherine, serveth for that liberty.
Trinity, in the Minories, for precinct thereof.
St. Bottolphe, by Aldegate, the only parish church for that ward.
2. _In Tower street ward, four._
In the Tower, St. Peter, for the inhabitants there.
Alhallowes Barking, by the Tower.
St. Olave, in Hart street.
St. Dunstone in the East.
3. _In Aldgate ward, three._
St. Katheren Christ’s church.
St. Andrewes Undershafte.
St. Katheren Colman church.
4. _In Lime street ward none. There was St. Mary at the Axe, and St.
Augustine in the Wall, both suppressed and united, the one to Alhallowes
in the Wall in Brode street ward, the other to St. Andrewe Undershaft in
Lime street ward._
5. _In Bishopsgate ward, three._
St. Bottolphes, without Bishopsgate.
St. Ethelburge, within the gate.
St. Helens’, adjoining the nuns’ priory.
6. _In Brode street ward, six._
Alhallowes by the Wall.
St. Peter’s the Poor.
St. Martin’s Oteswitche.
St. Benet Fynke.
St. Bartilmew, by the Exchange.
St. Christopher, by the Stocks’ market.
7. _In Cornhill ward, two._
St. Peter, upon Cornehill.
St. Michaell, upon Cornehill.
8. _In Langborne ward, seven._
St. Gabriel Fenchurch.
St. Dyones Backchurch.
Alhallowes, in Lombard street.
St. Edmond, in Lombard street.
Alhallowes Staning, at Mart lane end.
St. Nicholas Acon, in Lombard street.
St. Mary Wolnoth, in Lombard street.
9. _In Billingsgate ward, five._
St. Buttolph, by Billingsgate.
St. Mary, on the hill.
St. Margaret Pattens.
St. Andrew Hubert, in Eastcheape.
St. George, in Buttolph lane.
10. _In Bridge ward within, four._
St. Magnus, at the bridge foot.
St. Margaret, Bridge street.
St. Leonard Milkchurch, Fish street hill.
St. Benet Grasse church.
11. _In Candlewike street ward, five._
St. Clement’s, Eastcheape.
St. Mary Abchurch.
St. Michael, in Crooked lane, sometime a college.
St. Martin’s Orgars.
St. Laurence Pountney, sometime a college.
12. _In Walbrooke ward, five._
St. Swithen, by London stone.
St. Mary Woolchurch.
St. Stephen, by Walbrooke.
St. John, upon Walbrooke.
St. Mary Bothaw.
13. _In Downegate ward, two._
Alhallowes, Hay wharf, in the Roperie.
Alhallowes the Less, in the Roperie.
14. _In the Vintry ward, four._
St. Michael Paternoster, in the Royall, sometime a college.
St. Thomas Apostles.
St. Martin, in the Vintrie.
St. James, in Garlicke hith.
15. _In Cordwainer street ward, three._
St. Anthonies, in Budge row.
Alde Mary church, new Mary church, or Mary le Bow.
16. _In Cheap ward, seven, and a chapel._
St. Benet Sorhoge, or Syth.
St. Pancreate, by Sopar’s lane.
St. Mildred, in the Poultrie.
St. Mary Colchurch.
St. Martin’s Pomerie, in Ironmonger lane.
Alhallowes, Honie lane.
St. Laurence, in the Jury.
The Chapel in Guildhall, sometime a college.
17. _In Coleman street ward, three._
St. Olave Upwell, in the Old Jurie.
St. Margaret, in Lothburie.
St. Stephen, in Coleman street.
18. _In Bassings hall ward, one._
St. Michael, at Bassings hall.
19. _In Cripplegate ward, six._
St. Mary Aldermanburie.
St. Alphage, sometime an hospital of Elsing.
St. Mary Magdalen, in Milk street.
St. Albon’s, in Wood street.
St. Michael, in Hugen lane.
St. Giles, without Cripplegate.
20. _In Aldersgate ward, six._
St. John Zachery.
St. Mary Staning.
St. Olave, in Silver street.
St. Leonard, in Foster Lane.
St. Anne, by Aldersgate.
St. Buttolph, without Aldgate.
21. _In Faringdon ward within, the cathedral church of St. Paule, and
parish churches nine._
St. Peter’s, at the Cross in Cheape.
St. Fauster, in Fauster lane.
Christ church, made a parish church of the Gray Friers
church, and of two parish churches, St. Nicholas
and St. Ewin, and also an hospital for poor children.
St. Mathew, in Fryday street.
St. Augustine, by Paules gate.
St. Faith, under Paules church.
St. Martin’s, at Ludgate.
St. Anne, at the Blacke Friers.
St. Michael at Corne, by Paules.
Chapel of St. James, by Cripplegate.
22. _In Bread Street ward, four._
Alhallowes, in Bread street.
St. Mildred’s, in Bread street.
St. John Evangelist, in Fryday street.
St. Margaret Moses, in Fryday street.
23. _In Queene hithe ward, seven._
St. Trinitie, in Trinity lane.
St. Nicholas, Cold abbey.
St. Nicholas, Olave.
St. Mary Mounthaunt.
St. Michael, at Queene hithe.
St. Mary, at Sommers hithe.
St. Peter’s, at Paules wharf.
24. _In Castle Baynard’s ward, four._
St. Benet Hude, or hith, by Paules wharf.
St. Andrewe, by the Wardrobe.
St. Mary Magdalen, in Old Fish street.
St. Gregorie, by Paules church
25. _In Faringdon ward without, seven._
St. Sepulcher’s, without Newgate.
St. Andrew, in Oldborne.
St. Dunstone in the West.
St. Bartlemew, by the priory.
St. Bartlemew, the hospital.
St. Briget, or Brides, in Fleet street.
St. Parnell, in the Temple, for the students there.
26. _In the borough of Southwark, and Bridge ward without, four._
St. Saviour’s in Southwark, made of }
twain, viz., St. Mary Magdalen, and } Diocese
St. Margaret. } of
St. George the Martyr. } Winchester.
St. Thomas, the hospital. }
St. Olave, in Southwark. }
Thus have ye in the twenty-six wards of London and borough of Southwark
parish churches to the number of one hundred and fourteen.
_And in the suburbs adjoining, parish churches nine, as followeth_:--
St. Mary Magdalen, at Bermondsey, in the borough of
Southwark, diocese of Winton.
St. Mary Matfellon, Whitechapel.
St. Leonard, Shoreditch.
St. John Baptist, Clearken well.
St. Giles in the Field, sometime an hospital.
_In the duchy of Lancaster_:
St. Clement Danes, without Temple bar.
St. John Baptist, Savoy, an hospital.
_In the city of Westminster, that liberty, as followeth_:
The college of St. Peter, called Westminster.
_Parish churches twain_:
St. Margaret, a parish church, by Westminster.
St. Martin in the Field, by Charing cross.
Thus have ye in the wards of London, and in the suburbs of the same
city, the borough of Southwark, and the city of Westminster, a cathedral
church of St. Paul, a collegiate church of St. Peter in Westminster, and
parish churches one hundred and twenty-three.
HOSPITALS IN THIS CITY, AND SUBURBS THEREOF, THAT HAVE BEEN OF OLD TIME,
AND NOW PRESENTLY ARE, I READ OF THESE AS FOLLOWETH:
Hospital of St. Mary, in the parish of Barking church, that was provided
for poor priests and others, men and women in the city of London, that
were fallen into frenzy or loss of their memory, until such time as they
should recover, was since suppressed and given to the hospital of St.
Katherine, by the Tower.
St. Anthonies, an hospital of thirteen poor men, and college, with a
free school for poor men’s children, founded by citizens of London,
lately by John Tate, first a brewer and then a mercer, in the ward of
Broad street, suppressed in the reign of Edward VI., the school in some
sort remaining, but sore decayed.