27-20. {=der Vesuv´=}, _Mount Vesuvius_, the most noted volcano in the
world, situated on the Bay of Naples, nine miles southeast of Naples
(Italy).
27-21. {ging's} = {=ging es=} (indef.), cf. Page 3, Note 4.
27-22. {=Vene´dig=}, the German name for _Venice_; {»über Venedig,«}
by way of Venice; _via_ Venice.
27-23. {=fest´geschneestöbert=} (perf. partic.), a bold verb-formation
consisting of {»fest«} (fast; up) and {»das Schneegestöber«}
(snow-storm) = {eingeschneit}, _snowed up; snow-bound_.
27-24. State three mistakes in the Englishman's German.
=Page 28.=--28-1. {=al´so die=} (emphat.), _so, they_, or _they,
then_.--Remember that {also} is never = English "also."
28-2. {=gewesen=}. Explain the idiom and supply the proper form of the
auxiliary.
28-3. In English with definite article.
28-4. {=mal=}, cf. Page 27, Note 6.
28-5. {=Einem im Garten wachsen=} (colloq. phrase), _to fall to one's
share_; {wenn doch ... =wüchse=}.--The past subj. expresses a wish the
realization of which is not expected by the speaker.
28-6. {=Hora´tius=}, _Horace_.--Quintus "Horatius" Flaccus (65-8
B.C.), a famous Roman lyric and satirical poet. {=Virgil´=},
_Vergil_.--Publius "Vergilius" Maro (70-19 B.C.), a famous Roman epic,
didactic, and idyllic poet.--Both Horace and Vergil extol in their
works Italian life and scenery.
28-7. {=das Loch=}, colloq. for {Stube} or {Studierzimmer};
comp. Goethe's "Faust," verse 399: {»Verfluchtes dumpfes Mauer_loch_
...«}
28-8. {=sein Leben=} (adverbial accusative expressing duration of
time) = {sein Leben lang} or {sein ganzes Leben lang}.
28-9. {=davon´=}, _of it_, i.e. of Italian life and scenery.
28-10. "=Bea´tus ille!=" _"Happy he!"_ or _"Fortunate that man!"_ the
much quoted beginning of the second epode of Horace:
Beatus ille qui procul negotiis,
Ut prisca gens mortalium,
Paterna rura bobus exercet suis ...
28-11. The first stanza of Goethe's ballad "Mignon" from the third
book of the novel {»Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre,«} in which Mignon, a
young Italian girl who has been abducted from home and taken to
Germany, gives vent to her longing for Italian skies:
Know'st thou the land where citron-apples bloom,
And oranges like gold in leafy gloom,
A gentle wind from deep-blue heaven blows,
The myrtle thick, and high the laurel grows?
Know'st thou it then?
'Tis there! 'tis there,
O, my true lov'd one, thou with me must go!
(_Thomas Carlyle_).
28-12. {=wohl=} (adv. idiom, not easy to render), _perhaps_ or _say!_
or _then_ (explet.).
28-13. {=alles=} (idiomatic use of neut. sing. for masc. and fem. pl.)
= {alle}.
=Page 29.=--29-1. {=vor=} (of time), _ago_.
29-2. {=da´mit=} (emphat. = {hiermit}), i.e. {mit diesen Worten}.
29-3. {=die Ces´tiuspyramide=}, _the Pyramid of Cestius_ in Rome, a
huge monument, once the last resting-place of Caius Cestius, a Roman
prætor and tribune of the time of Emperor Augustus. Close to this
pyramid is _the Protestant Cemetery_, where _tall cypresses_ rise
above the graves of numerous English, American, German, and other
visitors. Prominent among those resting there are: Shelley, the
English poet (died 1822), whose heart only was buried there; the
tombstone of the English poet Keats (died 1821) bears the melancholy
inscription: _"Here lies one whose name was writ in water."_ There is
also the grave of August Goethe (died 1830), the only son of the poet.
29-4. {=es=} (indef., "something"), _a thought_.
29-5. {=es=} (indef.) {=kämpfte in ihm=}, trans. perhaps: _there was a
struggling of feelings in his heart_.
29-6. The form {=im Jahre 18..=} may be read: {»achtzehn hundert und
so und so.«}
29-7. {=doch=} (adverb. idiom), here: _I hope_ or _let me hope_.
=Page 30.=--30-1. {=uns=}, reciproc. pron. = ?
30-2. The beginning of one of the most exquisite and popular treasures
of German lyric poetry, by the Austrian poet Ernst von Feuchtersleben
(1806-1849) with music by Mendelssohn-Bartholdi. The second and third
stanzas run thus:
2.
{So dir geschenkt ein Knösplein was,
So thu es in ein Wasserglas;
Doch wisse:
Blüht morgen dir ein Röslein auf,
Es welkt wohl schon die Nacht darauf,
Das wisse!}
3.
{Und hat dir Gott ein Lieb' beschert,
Und hältst du sie recht innig wert,
Die Deine;
Es wird wohl wenig Zeit nur sein,
So läßt sie dich so ganz allein;
Dann weine!}
=Page 31.=--31-1. {=der Himmel hängt ihm voll Baßgeigen=} (a colloq.
phrase), _everything looks promising to him_; _he sees things 'en
couleur de rose.'_
31-2. {=des Morgens=}--{=des Abends=}--and in the next line {=eines
Tages=}--are genitives expressing indefinite time _when_.
31-3. {=da´für=} (emphat.), _in return for this_ (or _that_).
31-4. {=sollte=}, here: _was to_.
31-5. {=im Leben=} for {in meinem Leben}. Explain the idiom. Cf. Page
4, Note 10.
31-6. {=ja=}--cf. Page 22, Note 2.
31-7. {=wohl=}--cf. Page 22, Note 4.
=Page 32.=--32-1. {=es=} refers forward to the contents of the
following sentence--remains untranslated.
32-2. {=wäre=}--mood? why? Cf. Page 28, Note 5.
32-3. {=sich=} (idiom.), reflexive form taking the place of passive,
as frequently.
32-4. {=fort=}--the perf. partic. of a verb of motion being implied.
32-5. {=es=} (introductory) = ?
32-6. {=sie durfte ins Freie=}. Explain the idiom. Cf. Page 5, Note
12.
=Page 33.=--33-1. {=jeden Abend=}--accusative expressing definite time
_when_; about indef. time see Page 31, Note 2.
33-2. {=brennend=} for {brennendes}--the neuter adjective ending {-es}
sometimes omitted in prose and frequently in poetry.
33-3. {=hin=} belongs also to {=-flackerte=}, = {hinflackerte}.
33-4. {=den=}--cf. Page 31, Note 5.
33-5. {=hätte=}--mood? why?
33-6. {=sei=}--mood? why?
33-7. {=es=} (introductory) = ?
33-8. {=Studien=}--sing.? rule?
=Page 34.=--34-1. {=der´art=} = {von der} (emphat.) {Art},
adverb. genit. of quality.
34-2. {=das=} refers to the contents of the letter.
34-3. {=die=} refers to {Briefe}.
34-4. {=aufs entschiedenste=}--form of the absolute adverb superlative
expressing a very high degree without implying comparison.
34-5. In English with indef. article.
=Page 35.=--35-1. The preposition {=durch=} (=through=) appended
adverbially to an accusative expressing duration of time.
35-2. {=die Lunge=} (sing.)--in English, pl.--comp. {die Asche}
(ashes), {der Dank} (thanks), {die Schere} (scissors), {die Zange}
(tongs).
35-3. {=die=} refers to {Reizbarkeit}.
35-4. {=wäre=}--cf. Page 13, Note 8.
35-5. {=Nizza=}, the German name for _Nice_ (Southern France) on the
shore of the Mediterranean Sea ("The Riviera"), a district noted for
its exceedingly mild climate.
35-6. {=Florenz´=}, the German name for _Florence_ (Ital.: "Firenze").
35-7. Why {=das=} and not {die}? Cf. Page 15, Note 1.
35-8. {=Einen groß anschauen=}, phrase expressing astonishment.
35-9. {=Signo´ra=} (Ital., pronounce {sinjo´ra}), _young lady_.
35-10. {=bebenden Herzens=} (adverb. genit. of manner) = {mit bebendem
Herzen}.
35-11. {=da=} and {=hier=}, colloq. used one for the other.
=Page 36.=--36-1. =Monte Testaccio= (Ital., pronounce {testat´scho}) =
"Mountain of Sherds."--Just beyond the limits of the Protestant
Cemetery in Rome (see page 29, Note 3), a wide and lofty hill rises,
called "Monte Testaccio" which at first looks as if it were a natural
elevation of the ground, but on examination proves to be nothing but
sherds of broken wine-jars. It was doubtless once the site of the
manufacture of these articles.
36-2. {=leuchtend=} = {mit leuchtenden Augen}.
36-3. That the information of the Roman cab-driver was incorrect, can
be seen from what has been said, Page 29, Note 3. But besides the
Protestant Cemetery, there is also a German Cemetery ("Cimetero dei
Tedeschi"), situated near St. Peter's, the most ancient burial-ground
in Rome, instituted by Constantine the Great (306-337 A.D.), and
filled with earth from Mt. Calvary.
36-4. {=hin=}--explain the idiom. Cf. Page 32, Note 4.
36-5. {=wohl=} (adverb. idiom), how to render?
=Page 37.=--37-1. {=mir ist=} = {es ist mir} or {es ist mir zu Mut},
cf. Page 4, Note 2.
37-2. {=möchte=}--explain the idiom. Cf. Page 5, Note 12.
37-3. {=eine=} (emphatic), why?
37-4. {=heim=} (idiom) = ? Cf. Page 5, Note 12.
37-5. {=ihr=}, refers to {Fräulein Milla}.
37-6. {=Sie sie=}--for euphony the second {sie} might better have been
avoided by substituting {dieselben}.
37-7. {=einmal=} (indef.)--meaning?
37-8. {=recht=} (colloq.) for {recht genau} or {recht scharf}.
37-9. {=das= sind ihre Kinder}--Explain the idiom; cf. Page 27, Note
8.
=Page 38.=--38-1. {=wohl=} (adverb. idiom), here = ?
38-2. {=es geht mir ein Licht auf=} (colloq. phrase), _it begins to
dawn upon me_.
38-3. {die =heitere= Vorsteherin}, for {das heitere Wesen} or {den
heiteren Charakter der Vorsteherin}.
38-4. {=du räumst ... aus=}--the present tense with the force of an
emphatic imperative = {räume sofort ... aus!}
38-5. {=es blieb dabei=} (impers. phrase), _he insisted upon it_; _the
thing was settled_.
=Page 39.=--39-1. Account for {=sich=}; cf. Page 9, Note 8.
39-2. {=ihm war es=} (cf. Page 37, Note 1), {=wie wenn=}, syn. {als
ob}, {als wenn}.
39-3. {=die Studenten zählten die »Häupter ihrer Lieben«=} (lit. "the
heads of their beloved"). A quotation from Schiller's {»Das Lied von
der Glocke,«} verses 225-226 of which run thus:
{Er zählt die Häupter seiner Lieben,
Und sieh! Ihm fehlt kein teures Haupt.}
_The faces that he loves--he counts them o'er,_
See--not one look is missing from that store.
(_Edward Bulwer Lytton._)
here jocosely applied to the crowned heads stamped on coins; (comp.
Eng. "mopusses").