Defenneh; or the chambers formed store-rooms, as at the fort at Naukratis.
(6) In the fine early work at Gizeh they sawed the paving blocks of basalt,
and then ground only just the edges flat, while all the inside of the joint
was picked rough to hold the mortar.
(7) A usual plan in early times was to dress the joint faces of the block
in the quarry, leaving its outer face with a rough excess of a few inches;
the excess still remains on the granite casing of the pyramid of Menkara,
and the result of dressing it away may be seen in the corners of the
granite temple at Gizeh.
(8) Otherwise called the Granite Temple of Gizeh, or Temple of Khafra, as
its connection with the Sphinx is much disputed, while it is in direct
communication with the temple of the pyramid of Khafra, by a causeway in
line with the entrance passage.
(9) The casing of the open air court on the top of it was of fine
limestone; only a few blocks of this remain. For full plan and measurements
see _Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh_.
(10) One of the air slits, or ventilators, remains complete, opening to the
upper court, from the top of the niche chamber.
(11) Below these lines, there is often a scene of offering at the bottom of
the Obelisk.
(12) _Mastaba_ is the Arabic name for a bench or platform, and was applied
by the natives to such tombs on account of the resemblance in shape.
(13) In the few cases where the top remains perfect at Gizeh, the side ends
in a parabolic curve which turns over into the top surface without any
cornice or moulding; the tops of walls in the courts of mastabas are
similar.
(14) Another view is that they are derived from the cumulative mastabas,
such as the so-called step pyramid of Sakkarah.
(15) In the later pyramids; but the Gizeh pyramids are entirely built of
Tûrah limestone.
(16) Still more conclusive is the fact that in the greatest of the pyramids
the passages are such that it would have been impossible to build it by
successive coats of enlargement.
(17) In only one case (that of Menkara) has a pyramid been clearly
enlarged, and that was done at one step and not by many stages.
(18) The earliest--at Gizeh--are very accurate.
(19) These slabs of pavement do not extend beneath the pyramid, but only
around it.
(20) Only fragments of the finest limestone casing have been found; the
variety of colour was probably due to weathering.
(21) This would be impossible with the exquisitely fine joints of the
masonry; a temporary staging of stone built up over part of the finished
face would easily allow of raising the stones.
(22) There is no evidence that the facing block which covered the granite
plugs was of granite; it was more probably of limestone.
(23) The entrance to the upper passages was never forced from the entrance
passage, but was accidentally found by the Arabs, after they had forced a
long tunnel in the masonry, being in ignorance of the real entrance, which
was probably concealed by a hinging block of stone.
(24) Or rather it rose at an angle of 23-1/2°, like the descent of the
entrance passage, thus making angles of 47° and 133° with it.
(25) This gallery has obtained a great reputation for the fineness of its
joints, perhaps because they are coarse enough to be easily seen; but some
joints of the entrance passage, and the joints in the queen's chamber, are
hardly visible with the closest inspection.
(26) The only signs of portcullises are those in the vestibule or
antechamber.
(27) No traces of three of the portcullises remain, if they ever existed,
and the other never could reach the floor or interrupt the passage, so its
use is enigmatical.
(28) There is some evidence that the pyramid was opened in the early days,
perhaps before the middle kingdom.
(29) Two rows of beams which rest on the side wall as corbels or
cantilevers, only touching at the top, without necessarily any thrust. Such
at least is the case in the queen's chamber, and in the pyramid of Pepi,
where such a roof is used.
(30) The end walls have sunk throughout a considerable amount, and the side
walls have separated; thus all the beams of the upper chambers have been
dragged, and every beam of the roof of the chamber is broken through. This
is probably the result of earthquakes.
(31) This only covered the lower sixteen courses; the larger part above it
was of limestone.
(32) Similar finished faces may be seen as far in as near the middle of the
mass. This is not a true pyramid in form, but a cumulative mastaba, the
faces of which are at the mastaba angle (75°), and the successive
enlargements of which are shown by numerous finished facings now within the
masonry. The step form is the result of carrying upwards the mastaba form,
at the same time that it was enlarged outwards.
(33) Not in all cases apparently, for the hieroglyphs on the passage of
Pepi's pyramid are not injured, as they would be if plugs had been
withdrawn.
(34) Pepi's roof is formed by a row of large beams which rested
independently on the side walls as corbels or cantilevers (see Note 29).
(35) The mastaba angle is 75°, and the pyramid angle 50° to 55°.
(36) Its present appearance is an accident of its demolition; it was
originally, like the "step-pyramid" of Sakkarah, a cumulative mastaba, as
is shown by the remains of the lower steps still in the mounds at its base,
and by the mediaeval description of it.
INDEX
Aahhotep, 157, 323-30.
Aahhotep II., 288-9.
Aalû, fields of, 163-4, 167.
Abacus, 52-4, 58, 61, 116.
Abi, 273.
Abû Roash, 113, 134.
Abû Simbel
(see TEMPLES, etc.).
Abûsîr, 114, 131, 134, 138, 140.
Abydos
(see FORTRESSES, TEMPLES, TOMBS, etc.).
Acacia, 203, 274.
Adze, of iron, 283, 304.
Affi
(see TOMB).
Agate, 247.
Ahmes I., 267, 307, 317, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329.
Ahmes II., 269 and note.
(see AMASIS).
Ahmesnefertari, 288-9.
Ahnas el Medineh, 259.
Aï, 15, 155, 158.
Aimadûa
(see TOMB).
Akhonûti, 16.
Alabaster, 6, 42, 47, 65, 128, 141, 166, 169, 180, 252, 253-4.
Albumen, 203.
Alexander, his tomb, 242.
Alexander II., colossus of, 241.
Alexandria, 52, 241, 243, 303.
Alumina, 260.
Amasis, 269 and note, 302
(see AHMES II.).
Amber, 247.
Ambras Collection, in Vienna, 272 (note).
Amen
(see GODS).
Amen Ra
(see GODS).
Amenemhat II., 76, 322.
Amenemhat III., 76, 143, 228
(see MOERIS).
Amenhotep I., 157, 229, 287.
Amenhotep II., 53.
Amenhotep III., 67, 69, 76, 77, 80, 103, 147, 158, 179, 226, 229, 230, 266,
275, 312, 318.
(see MEMNON).
Ameni
(see TOMB).
Ameni Entef Amenemhat, 107.
Ameniritis, 235 and note.
Amethyst, 246, 250.
Amphorae 35, 36, 127, 264.
Ampullae, 269.
Amset, genius, 258 (note).
Amulets, materials and forms of, 100, 167, 246-50, 259, 265, 286.
Ancient Empire,--
art of
(see BAS-RELIEF, SCULPTURE, and STATUE).
domestic architecture of, 19.
fortress of, 27.
tombs of
(see MASTABAS and PYRAMIDS).
Andro-sphinx, 89, 228-9.
Angareb, or Nubian bed, 281, 292.
Anhûr
(see GODS).
Ankh, 286, 288.
Ankhnesraneferab, sarcophagus of, 165 (note).
Anklets, 321.
Anna
(see TOMB).
Antelopes, 176, 299, 326.
Antimony, 254, 267
(see KOHL).
Antonines, 244, 245.
Antoninus Pius, his chapel at Philae, 100.
Anubis
(see GODS).
Anvil, 313.
Apapi, the serpent, 164.
Ape, 171, 176, 199, 254, 269, 322.
Apepi, King of Avaris, 228.
Apet
(see GODDESSES, TAÛRT, THÛERIS).
Apis
(see GODS).
Apries, 269 and note, 311
(see HOPHRA and UAHABRA).
Aquamarine, the, 246.
Arabs,--
their destructive conquest, 134.
their name for table of offerings, 107.
Archers, 29, 184.
Architecture,--
military, 24-34.
of private dwellings, 1-20.
of public works, 34-45.
temples, 46-110.
tombs, 111-168.
(see MASTABAS, PYRAMIDS, etc.).
Architraves, 46, 52, 53, 54, 63, 65, 93.
Argo, colossi of, 227.
Arms, 157, 166.
battle-axe, 329.
boomerangs, 273, 329.
bows and arrows, 184, 329.
bronze, 305.
lance, 232.
poignards, 273, 327-8.
Arsenic, sulphuret of, orpiment, 203.
Ascalon, 31.
Asia, 91, 312.
Asia Minor, 248, 280, 320.
Asimû
(see ELECTRUM).
Ass, in drawings, 171, 175.
Assyria, invasion of Egypt by, 314.
Astronomical tables, 92-4, 164.
Asûan, 45, 53, 67, 148-50, 209 and note, 226, 228, 256 (note),
259, 265.
(see SYENE and TOMBS).
Athena, 302.
Athens, bronze of the Lady Takûshet at, 308.
Ati, pyramid of, 142.
Avaris, 228.
Avenue of Sphinxes, 67.
at Karnak, 87, 88-9, 230.
Axe,--
battle, 327, 329.
iron, 304.
stone, 201.
Axûm, obelisk at, 106.
Ba, or Bi, the soul, 111, 112.
abode of the, 128.
abode of the, its decoration, 142, 156-7, 162-5.
following the sun at night, 159.
statuettes to serve as body for, 167.
transmigration of, 164.
Bab el Mandeb, 109 (note).
Ba-en-pet, 196 and note.
(see IRON).
Bakenrenf
(see TOMB).
Bakhtan, stela of, 109 and note.
Bari, or boat of the Sun, 108.
Barks, sacred and funerary, 66, 77, 95, 108, 159, 164, 166, 249, 301,
329-30.
Basalt, 42, 127, 169, 196, 236, 237, 252.
Basilisk, 201
(see URAEUS.)
Bas-relief,--
Abû Simbel, 229.
Egyptian forms of, 197-9.
gems, 249.
gilded, 313.
ivory, 273.
models for study of, 197.
New Empire, 228-9.
painting of, 205-6.
preparation of walls for, 192-3.
Roman period, 245.
sketches for, 193-5.
speos of Horemheb, 232.
Tell el Amarna, 231.
Temple of Abydos, 232.
Tomb of Seti I., 232.
(See PAINTING, SCULPTURE, and WALL-SCENES.)
Bast
(see GODDESSES).
Bastions, 28, 29, 32.
Battlements, 14, 24, 25, 32, 50.
Beads, 168, 247, 261, 324.
Beams, 6, 30.
of stone, 140.
Beard,--
false, of statue of Horemheb, 233.
of sphinx, 208.
Bedawîn, 20, 42, 101.
Beds, 281, 292.
funerary, 292-4.
Beer, at funerary feast, 180.
Beetles
(see SCARABAEI).
Begig, obelisk of, 105.
Beit el Wally
(see TEMPLES and HEMI-SPEOS).
Beni Hasan
(see TOMBS).
Beni Sûef, 38.
Berlin Museum, parure of jewels at, 322.
Bersheh
(see TOMBS).
Bes
(see GODS).
Bezel, of rings, 321-2, 331.
Bi
(see BA).
Bird, human-handed, 91.
Birket el Kûrûn, lake of, 38, 39.
Blocks, building,--
dressing, 47, Notes 6 and 7.
in pyramids, 132, Note 15, 139, Note 33.
raising, 49.
sizes, 49.
working, 49, Note 7.
Boats, toy, 282.
transport by, 45, 132.
(See BARKS.)
Bonding, 48-9.
Bone, work in, 272-3.
Book of Knowing that which is in Hades, 172.
Book of Ritual of Burial, 157.
Book of Ritual of Embalmment, 157.
Book of the Dead, 129, 157, 165, 172-5, 205, 284-5.
Book of the Opening of the Mouth, 165.
Bowls, of blue glazed pottery, 268.
Bracelets, 249, 276, 308, 324-5, 331, 332.
Braces, 298, 327.
Bread,--
making of, depicted in tombs, etc., 124, 127, 224.
offerings of, 166.
Breccia, 42, 236, 254.
Bricks,--
baked, 4.
for pyramids, 132.
glazed, 4, 270, Note 4.
in civil and military architecture, 46.
making of, 3-4, Notes 2 and 3.
of mud and straw, 3, 114.
sun-dried, 3, 21, 113-14, 145.
without straw, 113, 145.
Brickwork,--
civil and military architecture, 46.
dikes, 38.
domestic architecture, 3,5-6.
enclosure walls of temples, 67, 87.
foundations, 48.
mastabas, 113, 114.
panels, 22.
pyramid-mastabas, 145-6.
undulating courses, 22, 27.
Bridge of Zarû, 35.
Bridges, rarity of, 35.
British Museum, 171, 270 (note), 272 (note), 295, 303.
Brocade (polymita), 303.
Bronze, 105, 195, 196, 248, 260, 261, 304 _et seq._, 328.
Bronzes, 307-12.
Brush, hair, 203.
reed, 170, 171.
Bubastis, 1, 52, 58, 88, 266, 308, 310
(see TELL BASTA).
Bubastites
(see DYNASTY XXII.).
"Bûlak, Wooden Man of," 214 (note).
(see RAEMKA and SHEIKH EL BELED).
Bull, 199.
(see GODS, APIS).
Burin, 305, 325.
Cabinet-making, 124. 273. 282 _et seq._
Caesars
(see ROMAN PERIOD).
Calaite, 247.
Caligula, 245.
Cameos, 332.
Canaanites, 31.
Canal of Zarû, 35.
Canals, 37, 45.
Canopic vases, 167, 252-3, 258-9, 292.
Canopy, funerary, 293-5, 299-301.
Capitals
(see COLUMNS and PILLARS).
Caricatures, 171-2.
Carnelian, 247, 250, 324, 325, 328.
Cartonnage, 167.
Cartouches, 4, 48, 61, 250, 262, 271, 278, 299, 302, 322, 323, 324, 326,
328, 329.
Caryatid statues, 288.
Casing stones, 47, 65, Notes 7 and 9, 132, Note 15, 134, Note 20, 138,
Note 32.
Cat, 171, 172, 311.
Cattle, 13, 25, 155.
Cedar wood, 329.
Ceiling decoration, 18-9, 92, 94, 141, 163-4.
Cella, 58.
Cellars, 35, 36.
Cement, 52, 192, 194.
Census, 155.
Ceremonies, religious, performed by king, 95-7, 101-3.
Chains, 155, 325-6.
measuring, 155.
Chairs, 179, 281, 295-6.
Champollion, 26, 55, 271.
Chapel,--
furniture of, 166.
of mastabas, 116 _et pas._
of pyramids, 131 _et pas._, 144.
painting and sculpture in, 121 _et seq._, 141-2.
reception room of Ka, 118 _et seq._
(See ABÛSÎR, ABYDOS, AMENHOTEP, AMENI, APIS, DAHSHÛR, GIZEH, GÛRNEH,
KHNÛMHOTEP, MEDINET HABÛ, MEROË, RAMESSEUM, THÛERIS.)
Chariots, 183, 292.
Chenoboscion, 45 (note).
(see KASR ES SAÎD).
Cheops
(see KHÛFÛ).
Chephren
(see KHAFRA).
Chester, the Rev. G.J., 303 (note).
Chests, 281, 283.
Chisels, 45, 195, 214, 304.
Chlamys, 242.
Chrysoprase, 246.
Cinnabar, 203.
Cisterns, 41.
Claudius, 245.
Clay, potter's, of Nile valley, 254-5.
(see BRICKS, POTTERY).
Clerestory, 71.
Coffins, 157, 259
(see MUMMY-CASES and SARCOPHAGI).
Coins and medals, no Egyptian, 313.
Collar, Order of the Golden, 155.
Colonnade, 17, 48, 67-8, 75, 79.
Colossi, 83, 103, 106, 202, 226-30, 232, 241.
Columns, monolithic, and built in courses, 52.
campaniform, 56-9.
Hathor-headed, 61-2.
lotus-bud, 59-61.
types of, 55.
Concrete, 128.
Cones, funerary, 166, 257.
Contra Esneh, 57.
Contra Latopolis, 61.
(see EL KAB).
Copper, 35, 105, 203, 304, 305, 321.
Coptic embroidery, 303 and note.
Coptos (Koft), 1, 243, 245, 303.
Coral, 247.
"Corbelling," 51, 52.
Corn, 36-7, 97.
Cornice, 9, 15, 24, 50, 53, 61, 148.
Cos, 302.
Courtyard,--
of houses, 9, 16.
of temples, 67, 144.
Covering walls, 25, 29, 30, 32.
Cramps, metal, 48.
Crane, machine, 49,
Crio-sphinx, 88, 89.
Crocodile, 171, 189.
Cruets, 318, 320.
Crypts, of temples, 75, 84.
Crystals, 250.
Cups,--
of glazed pottery, 268.
of gold and silver, 316-17.
Curtain wall, 30.
Curve, favourite ancient Egyptian, 283.
Cylinders, of enamelled stone, 265.
Cynocephali, 164, 167, 199, 322.
Cyprus, supposed glass of, 263.
Dahshûr, 113, 114, 131, 134, 142, 323.
Dakkeh, 2.
Damanhûr, 332.
Dams,--
embanked, 38.
of stone, 40-1.
Dancers, 177, 178.
Daphnae, 36 and note
(see TAHPANHES and TELL DEFENNEH).
Dapûr, 30, 31.
Date palms, 15, 274.
Decani, 93.
Decoration, subjects of, 11, 12, 18-20, 21-2.
geometrical, 19, 256, 258, 295, 298.
(See COLUMNS, PAINTING, SCULPTURE.)
Deir el Baharî, 51, 53, 61, 83, 85 and note, 109 (note), 180, 229, 264,
266, 287, 299, 302.
Deir el Gebrawî
(see TOMBS).
Deirel Medineh
(see TEMPLES).
Delta, the, 4, 31, 37, 209, 235, 241, 243, 310, 311.
Denderah
(see TEMPLES).
Derr, 84.
Deveria, T., 196 (note).
Dice, of ivory, 273.
Die, of column, 57.
Dike,--
of Kosheish, 38.
Wady Garraweh, 40.
Wady Genneh, 41.
Diorite, 42, 169, 196, 224, 254.
Disc, winged, 294.
Dolls, 282.
Dôm palms, 15, 274, 318.
Door, 9, 25, 68, 104, 135, 150, 151, 160, 285.
false, for KA, 115, 119-21, 125, 130, 141.
Door-jambs, 26, 46, 47, 116, 119, 151.
Double, the
(see KA).
Dovetails, 48.
Drah Abû'l Neggeh, 147, 158, 266.
Draught-box, 273.
Drawing, 169-70.
conventional system of, 175-9.
teaching of, 169-70.
want of perspective in, 182-91.
(See PAINTING AND SCULPTURE.)
Dress, 219, 274-6, 327.
articles of,--
braces, 298, 327.
girdle, 178, 274, 278.
head-dress, 241, 276, 286.
kilt, 201, 275.
klaft, 227, 267.
petticoat, 276, 286.
robe, embroidered, 308.
sandals, 168, 286, 298.
surcoat, 302.
tunic, 225, 279.
vest, 275, 286.
wig, 236, 275, 286, 308, 310.
Drill, 195, 247, 250, 282.
Duality, 96-7.
Ducks, 15, 20, 306.
Dümichen, 109 (note).
Dwarf, statue of, 224-6.
Dynasty III. (Memphite),--
possible wood panels of, 210.
Dynasty IV. (Memphite),--
decoration, 89-90.
funerary temples, 64 and note, 66.
mastabas of, 117, 118, 124, 125, 126, 128.
obelisks, 104.
pigments, 202 (note).
pyramids, 134-7, 140.
sarcophagus, 19, 20, 21.
scarabaei, 250.
statuary, 214.
Dynasty V. (Memphite),--
Abydos, 22.
elephants, 273.
flesh tints, 204.
ivory statuette, 273.
mastabas, 117, 119, 120, 122.
models of offerings, 252.
monuments, 208-9.
painters' palettes, 202.
panels, carved wood, 210.
pyramids, 139-40.
tables of offerings, 107.
Dynasty VI. (Elephantine),--
in Abydos, Asûan, the Delta, Hermopolis, Thebes, 209 and note.
bricks, 113.
flesh tints, 204.
fortress, 2.
mastabas, 157.
pyramids, 140, 142.
scarabaei, 250.
tomb-paintings, 21.
tombs, 128, 129, 130, 149 (note), 155, 204, 209 (note).
Dynasty XI. (Theban),--
blue glaze, 265-6.
canopic vases, 167.
chairs, 295.
fortress, 23.
funerary statuettes, 253.
mummy-cases, 286.
statuary, 226.
tombs, 147.
Dynasty XII. (Theban),--
blue glaze, 266.
fortress, 23, 28.
houses, 7, 8, 12, 281-2.
jewellery 322, 323
(see KAHÛN).
Karnak, 76.
models of offerings, 252.
pyramids 132, 142, 143.
statuary, 228, 229.
temples, 66.
tombs 149 (note), 156
(see BENI HASAN).
Dynasty XIII. (Theban),--
funerary couch, 293-4.
Karnak, 76.
statuary, 226-7, 229, 273-4.
statuettes, 233, 273.
Dynasty XIV. (Xoïte),--
Karnak, 76.
statuary, 226-7.
Dynasty XVII. (Theban),--
draught-box, 273.
jewellery, 323 _et seq_.
sarcophagi, 287.
Dynasty XVIII. (Theban),--
in Abydos, 22.
blue glaze, 268.
Book of the Dead, 173.
bronzes, 307.
canopic vases, 258.
chair, 296-7 (note).
colossi, 229-30.
domestic architecture, 14 _et seq_.
gold and silver plate, 316, 318, 319, 320.
gold and silver statues, 314-15.
jewellery, 323 _et seq_.
Karnak, 76-7.
in Memphis, 88.
mummy-cases, 288-9.
painters' palettes, 202.
scarabaei, 250.
sculpture, 229-31.
Speos-sanctuaries, 82, 83, 85.
stelae, 45.
in Thebes, 88-9.
tomb-paintings, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17.
tombs, 155 _et seq_.
wars, 31.
Dynasty XIX. (Theban),--
blue glaze of, 268.
bronzes, 307.
colossi, 234.
domestic architecture, 19.
flesh tints, 205.
fortifications, 31, 34.
gold and silver plate, 317, 321.
gold and silver statues, 314.
jewellery, 331.
Karnak, 78.
mummy-cases, 289.
tombs, 158 _et pas_.
Dynasty XX. (Theban),--
blue glaze, 268.
canopic vases, 258.
domestic architecture, 19.
fortresses 33
(see MEDINET HABÛ).
gold and silver plate, 317.
jewellery, 332.
leather-work, 300, 301.
sketches, 171.
stela of Bakhtan, 109 (note).
temple of Khonsû, 70-2.
tiles (Tell el Yahûdeh), 270-2.
tomb-paintings, 20.
tomb-robberies, 323.
tombs, 158 _et pas_..
varnish, 203-4.
wood-carving, 235, 274.
Dynasty XXI. (Priest-kings),--
papyri, 174.
sculpture, 228.
tomb 158 (tomb of Herhor).
Dynasty XXII. (Bubastite),--
bronzes, 307.
leather-work, 299, 300.
Karnak, 79.
Dynasty XXV. (Ethiopian),--
art, 235.
Karnak, 79.
Dynasty XXVI. (Saïte),--
ampullae, 268, 269.
bronzes, 307, 311-12.
glass, 263.
gold statuettes, 315.
Renaissance, 235 _et seq._
sculpture, 236 _et seq._
table of offerings, 252.
tombs, 165.
Dynasty XXXI. (Persian),--
tapestry, 303.
Earrings, 331, 332.
Earthquake,--
building to resist, 22.
of B.C. 27, at Karnak, 79.
of B.C. 22, at Thebes, 244.
Ebony, 295, 323.
Edfû
(see TEMPLES).
Edinburgh Museum, funerary canopy in, 293-4.
Eggs, 259.
Egypt Exploration Fund,--
at Bersheh, 148 (note).
at Bubastis, 52 (note).
at Daphnae, 36 (note).
at Deir el Baharî, 83, 85.
at Pithom, 36 (note).
at Tanis, 104 (note).
at Tell Gemayemi, 200 (note), 262 (note).
Ekhmîm, 14, 247, 259, 291, 293, 297, 303 and note.
El Agandiyeh, 1.
El Hibeh, 2, 33.
at Beni Hasan, 148 (note).
El Kab, 2, 20, 26, 27, 54, 69, 88, 228, 265
(see CONTRA LATOPOLIS).
El Khozam, 256.
Electrum, 304, 312, 313.
Elephant, 273.
Elephantine, 148, 209 (note), 273, 275.
(see TEMPLES).
Embroidery, 276, 302, 303, 308.
Emerald, 41, 246, 250.
Enamel, 265-72.
in jewellery, 289, 322, 325, 327.
Erman, on Stela of Bakhtan, 109 (note).
Erment, 247.
Esneh, 92, 144, 245.
Ethiopia, 106, 318.
Ethiopian Dynasty
(see DYNASTY XXV.).
Etruria, imitated scarabs of, 248.
Eye,--
as amulet, 247-8.
in decoration, 268.
on sarcophagi, 285.
sacred, 168.
(See ÛTA).
Eyes of statues, 261, 310.
Fan, 323.
Fayûm, the, 19, 38, 39, 66, 105, 134, 243, 259, 261, 304.
Feast,--
funerary, 118, 123, 125, 166.
funerary of Horemheb, 179-80.
Feasts, 118.
Felspar, 247, 250, 324, 328, 329.
Ferry, 34.
Feshn, 33.
Figs, 267.
Fires, 2, 12.
Fire-sticks, 282.
Fish,--
in decoration, 268, 278, 316.
in enamel, 267.
offerings of, 228.
Florence Museum, Egyptian war-chariot in, 292 (note).
Flowers
(see LOTUS),--
in temples, 67.
offerings of, 180, 228.
Fords, 34.
Fortresses, 20-34.
of Abydos, 20-6.
of El Kab, 20, 27.
of Kom el Ahmar, 25, 26.
of Kûmmeh, 28-9.
of Semneh, 28-30.
Foundations, 47, 48.
Frieze, 97.
Frog, as amulet, 247.
Frontier, 28, 31, 36-7.
Furnaces, glass, 259, 260.
Furniture, 281-4.
ancient Egyptian love of beautiful, 246.
funerary, 128, 166-8, 251 _et seq._, 292 _et seq._
funerary, of poor, 167-8, 255.
Galleries,--
in houses, 17.
Garden, of private house, 13, 14, 15.
Garnet, 246.
scarabaei of, 250.
Gazelle, 123, 128, 153, 171, 176, 180, 252.
Gebel Abûfeydeh, 44, 45.
Gebel Barkal
(see TEMPLES).
Gebel Sheikh Herideh, 45.
Gebel Silsileh
(see TEMPLES).
Gebeleyn, 33, 256.
Geese, 15, 19, 166, 171, 177, 296, 306.
Genii, 159, 164, 258 (note).
of On, Sop, and Khonû, 96, 324.
Gerf Husein, 85.
Girgeh, 14, 38.
Gizeh
(see PYRAMIDS, TEMPLES, TOMBS).
Gizeh, Museum, 4, 106, 107, 171, 174, 195, 214, 216-26, 227, 229, 232-3,
237, 239, 241, 242, 244, 262, 265, 267, 268, 271, 273, 274, 275,
278, 286, 298, 301, 306, 307, 308, 309, 315, 316, 323-30, 331.
Glass, 259-65.
factories, at El Kab, the Ramesseum, Tell el Amarna, Tell Eshmûneyn, 265.
factory at Tell Gemayemi, 262 (note).
Glazed stone and ware, 165-72
(see POTTERY).
Goat, 176.
Gods,--
Amen, 33, 97, 101, 104, 105, 109, 171, 231, 232, 249, 268, 289, 307, 315,
327.
Amen Ra, 96.
Anhûr, 311.
Anubis, 168, 304.
Apis, 147, 263.
Bes, 53, 57, 254, 277, 318.
Harpocrates, 307.
Hor (Horus), 96, 105.
Horus (Hor), 64, 96, 105, 207, 259, 267, 309-10, 314.
Khonsû, 60, 64, 70, 72, 74, 75, 97, 109 and note, 235.
Mentû, 97, 329.
Min, 118.
Nefertûm, 310, 314.
Osiris, 20, 53, 54, 95, 142, 168, 189, 237, 249, 304.
Ptah, 168, 315.
Ra, 208, 327.
Ra Harmakhis, 105.
Seb, 324.
Set (Typhon), 96, 196.
Shû, 311.
Thoth, 96, 118, 167, 259, 314.
Tûm, 105.
Goddesses,--
Apet, 237 (note).
Bast, 168, 311.
Hathor, 53, 54, 55, 61, 62, 69, 70, 82, 83, 97, 168, 237.
Isis, 95, 241, 247, 249, 250, 287, 294, 310, 314.
Khûit, 259.
Ma, 262, 294.
Maut, 97, 289.
Neith, 250.
Nekheb, 92.
Nephthys, 237, 249, 250, 287, 294, 310.
Pakhet, 42, 82.
Sekhet, 250, 277, 311.
Sothis, 118.
Taûrt, 237 (note).
Tefnût, 311.
Thûeris, 237.
Ûati, 92.
Gold, 11, 304, 312-21.
Goldsmith, 313.
Golenischeff, 228.
Gouge, 195.
Granaries, 1, 10, 36.
Granite, 6, 47, 66, 76, 103, 132, 136, 137, 169,196, 197, 199, 214, 247,
254, 290.
black, 42, 165, 233.
grey, 41, 236, 244.
red, 42, 52, 65, 77, 107, 127, 165, 232, 236.
Grapes, models, 166, 267.
Greeks,--
Egyptian fortification in time of, 34.
Egyptian patterns among, 320.
their imitation scarabs, 248.
their influence on astronomical tables, 93.
their influence on columns, 56.
their influence on jewellery, 332.
their influence on sculpture, 241-4.
their peripteral temples, 69.
their similar system of building construction, 48.
their theory of mounds, 5.
(See PTOLEMAIC PERIOD.)
Grenfell, Major-General Sir F., 149 (note), and 209 (note).
Greyhound, in drawings, 176.
Griffith, F. Ll., 200 (note), 262 (note).
Grindstone, 247.
Gum tragacanth, 203.
Gûrneh, 60.
Gypsum, 203.
Hadrian, 243, 245 (note).
Hairpins, 277.
Hammamat, valley of, 41.
Hammer, 195, 313.
Hapi, genius, 258 (note).
Hapizefa
(see TOMB).
Harpocrates
(see GODS).
Hatasû
(see HATSHEPSÛT).
Hathor
(see GODDESSES).
Hatshepsût (Hatasû), 42, 77, 85, 104, 105, 109 and note, 296 (note), 313
and note.
Hawara, 257, 291.
Hawk, 254, 259, 267, 322, 326.
Haworth, Mr. Jesse, 296 (note).
Headrest, 128, 166, 277.
Hedgehog, 254, 267.
Hekalli, 144.
Heliopolis, 26, 32, 103, 104, 309.
Helwân, dam at baths of, 40.
Hematite, 247, 250.
Hemi-speos,--
Beit el Wally, 84, 205 (note), 235.
Deir el Baharî, 83, 85.
Derr, 84.
Gerf Husein, 85.
Wady Sabûah, 85.
Herhor, 158, 261, 288.
Hermopolis, 209.
Herodotus, 38, 39-40, 88, 195.
Hesî, 210.
Hieroglyphs, 55, 60, 180, 236, 257, 261-2 and note, 268, 270, 284, 285,
289, 300, 316, 325.
Hippopotamus, 189, 236.
Hittites, 31, 185.
(see KHETA).
Honey, 203, 254.
Hophra, the biblical, 269.
Hor Horus
(see GODS).
Hor, portrait statue of one, 242.
Horbeit, 311, 312.
Horemheb, 50, 52, 53, 82, 155, 158, 179-80, 205, 231, 232, 233.
Horhotep
(see TOMB).
Hori Ra, wooden statuette of, 275.
Hori, scribe, ûshabtiû of, 257.
Horn, objects in, 272.
Horse, date of introduction of, 153-4.
Horshesû, 64 and note. 207.
Horus
(see GODS).
Horûta, 257.
Houses, 1-20.
Hûi
(see TOMB).
Hûnefer, his papyrus, 173-4.
Huts, 20, 8.
Hyksos sphinxes
(see PERIOD).
Hypostyle hall, 72, 74, 76, 89, 92, 102, 106.
Abû Simbel, 84.
Abydos, 60, 85-6.
Gûrneh, 60.
Kalaat Addah, 82.
Karnak, 34 (note), 46, 57, 60, 62-3,76, 78, 79, 100.
temple of Khonsû, 71.
Medinet Habû, 60.
Ramesseum, 57, 60.
Ibis, 259.
Ibrahim, Prince, 240.
Illahûn, 39, 143.
Incense, 95, 126, 273.
Ink, black, 4, 170, 193, 285.
red, 44, 170, 171, 193, 285.
Inscriptions, absence of in Temple of Sphinx, 66.
obelisk, 313 and note.
pyramid of Ûnas, 163.
sarcophagi, 127, 157, 165.
tombs, 141-2, 151, 155-6.
(See HIEROGLYPHS).
Iron, 195-7, 304.
Irrigation, 35, 37-41.
Isiemkheb, 180, 299-300.
Isis
(see GODDESSES).
Italy, Egyptian patterns in, 320.
Ivory, 272, 273-4, 283.
Jade, 254.
Jasper, 247, 250.
Jewellery, 249, 321-33.
Jews, 303.
Jomard, 55.
Kaâpir
(see TOMB).
Kadesh (Qodshû), 31, 101, 185, 187.
Kahûn, Twelfth Dynasty Town, 1, 6 (note), 7, 282.
Kalaat Addah
(see TEMPLES).
Kalabsheh
(see TEMPLES).
Kames, 323, 330.
Ka, or Double, 111, 112, 118, 130, 141-2, 156-7, 162, 163, 165-7, 212-14,
257.
Ka-name of Pepi I, 270.
Karnak
(see TEMPLES).
Kashta, 235 (note).
Kasr es Saîd
(see CHENOBOSCION).
Kebhsennef, 258 (note).
Keneh, 265, 332.
Khabiûsokari
(see TOMB).
Khafra (Chephren), 89, 133, 137, 134, 214, 217-18, 224, 253.
Khamha
(see TOMB).
Kheper, or Khepra
(see SCARABAEI).
Kheta, 101, 185, 187-8.
Khetî
(see TOMB).
Khmûnû, 148.
Khnûmhotep
(see TOMB).
Khonsû
(see GODS).
Khonû, 96, 324.
Khû, the, 111, 112.
Khûenaten (Amenhotep IV.), 15, 155, 230.
Khûfû (Cheops), 133, 134-7, 206, 312, 314.
Khûfû Poskhû, 20, 22.
Khûit
(see GODDESSES).
Klaft, 227, 306.
Knives, 304, 306.
Koft, I
(see COPTOS).
Kohl (antimony, collyrium), 254, 266, 273.
Kom ed Damas, 242.
Kom el Ahmar, 2, 25, 26.
Kom es Sultan, 21, 23, 27.
Kom Ombo
(see OMBOS and TEMPLES).
Kosheish, 38.
Kûmmeh, 28.
Kûrnet Murraee, 263, 294.
Labyrinth, the, 59.
Lake Moeris, 38-40.
Lakes, sacred, 77.
Lamp, 19, 307 (?).
Lapis-lazuli, 203, 247, 250, 304, 324, 325, 328, 329.
Lasso, 95.
Lattice, 11.
Lead, 304.
Leather, 292, 298-301.
Léfébure, M, 161.
Leopard, 176.
Lewis, Prof. Hayter, 272 (note).
Leyden Museum, 266 (note), 292 (note).
Libations
(see OFFERINGS).
Libyan cliffs and plateau, 39, 113, 207, 209 (note).
Libyans, 21, 207, 209 (note).
Limestone, 42, 47, 65, 76, 107, 113, 127, 132, 135, 138, 139, 140, 147,
148, 166, 169, 192, 195, 200, 224, 232, 236, 252, 253, 254, 265,
312.
Linant, M, 39.
Lindos, 302.
Linen, 130, 286, 302, 314.
Lintels, 9, 26, 46, 47, 150, 151.
Lion, 171, 176, 199, 293, 295, 322.
Lisht, 89, 134, 252.
Loftie, the Rev. W.J., 201 (note). 249 (note).
Looms, 297, 298.
Lotus, 34 (note), 57, 58, 60-61, 62, 64, 116, 180, 247, 254, 266, 268, 269,
271, 273, 277, 278, 279, 281, 299, 316.
Louvre Museum, 208, 214, 215, 224, 226, 227, 239, 240, 266 (note), 271,
275, 278, 295, 308, 313, 316, 322, 331.
Luxor
(see TEMPLES).
Ma
(see GODDESSES).
Magdilû,
(see MIGDOLS).
Magnaura, 320.
Maillet, M., 64.
Malachite, 247, 304.
Mallet, 45, 197, 202.
Manfalût, 144.
Manna
(see TOMB).
Mariette, 64 (note), 129, 210, 227, 271.
Masahirti, 299.
Masonry, 48, 49.
Massarah, 43.
Mastabas, 113-31, Notes 12-14.
(see TOMB and TOMBS).
Masts, 72, 103.
Maut
(see GODDESSES).
Mechanical appliances,--
crane, 49.
pivots, 283.
rollers, 45.
wedges, 45.
Medamot
(see TEMPLES).
Medinet el Fayûm, 39.
Medinet Habû
(see TEMPLES).
Medûm, 38 (note), 131, 143, 144, 202 (note).
Memnon, 103, 230, 245.
(see AMENHOTEP III.).
Memphis, 1, 6, 32, 38, 43, 47, 52, 58, 88, 113, 132, 147, 156,
157, 162, 165, 209, 226, 228, 235, 241, 252.
Mena, 38, 64, 206.
Mendes, 311.
Menkara (Mycerinus), 128 (note), 134, 137, 286 (Notes 7, 17, 31).
Menkaûhor, 224.
Menkheperra, 299.
Menshîyeh, 107.
Mentû
(see GODS).
Mentûemhat, 314.
Merenptah, 235.
Merenra, 133, 140.
Meresankhû, 144.
Mermashiû, 227.
Meroë, 144, 244.
Merom, 31.
Merrûka, stela of, 120.
Mesheikh, 69, 229.
Metals, ancient Egyptian classification of, 304.
Migdols, 31-3
(see MAGDILÛ).
Milk, offerings of, 95.
Min (Khem)
(see GODS).
Minieh, 148.
Mining, 35, 41.
Mirrors, 277, 306, 323, 324.
Moats of Canaanite cities, 31.
Moeris, 38-9
(see AMENEMHAT III.).
Moeris, Lake, 38-40.
Mohammeriyeh, 144.
Mokattam, 136.
Mortar, 48, 114.
Mosû, 310.
Mounds, 1, 5-6.
Mummies,--
animals and eggs, 259.
beds and canopies for, 292-5.
boats for transport of, 301.
burial of, 112, 127-8, 153, 154, 167-8, 173.
"eternal house" of, 112.
furniture for, 284, 292 _et seq._
(see FURNITURE).
jewellery for, 321.
(see JEWELLERY).
models of, 166.
panoply of, 167
(see AMULETS).
sledges for, 292.
Mummy,--
Aahhotep, 157, 323.
Amenhotep I., 157.
Menkara, 137.
Pinotem III., 332.
Sekenenra, 157.
Thothmes III., 157.
Mummy-cases, 259, 261-2, 284-92.
Murrhine, false, 263 (note)
Musical instruments, 166.
lute, 180, 267, 279.
sistrum, 95.
tambourine, 95.
trumpet, 182.
Mycerinus, 286
(see MENKARA).
Naga, group from, 244.
Naï, 276.
Naos, 61, 108, 312, 326.
(see SHRINE).
Napata, 144.
Naville, M., 36 and note, 52 (note).
Necho, 267 and note.
Necklace, 249, 276, 322, 325.
(see ÛSEKH).
Nectenebo, 62.
Neferhotep
(see TOMB).
Nefert, 219-20.
Nefertari, 84.
Nefertûm
(see GODS).
Negadeh
(see TOMBS).
Negroes, 41, 91.
Neith
(see GODDESSES).
Nekheb
(see GODDESSES).
Nemhotep, dwarf, 225.
Nenka
(see TOMB).
Nephthys
(see GODDESSES).
Nesikhonsû, 264.
Net, 95.
Netemt, 261.
New York Museum, 172.
Niche of tombs, origin of, 152
(see DOOR, SERDAB, and STELA).
Nile, 34, 38, 39, 45, 48, 252, 254, 273.
Niles, the (deities), 91, 92, 228.
Nitocris, daughter of Psammetichus I., 237.
Nomes, represented, 91-2.
Nubia, 28, 47, 66, 82, 259.
Nûrri
(see PYRAMIDS).
Oasis, the, 20.
Obelisk, 45, 67, 103-6, 313.
Axûm, 106.
Begig, 105.
Fourth Dynasty, 104.
Hatshepsût, 104, 106, 313 and note.
Heliopolis, 104.
Luxor, 104.
Tanis, 104.
Obsidian, 247, 250.
Ocean, celestial, 93.
Ochre, 203.
OEnochoe, glass, 263.
Offerings,--
corn, 97.
milk, 95.
oil, 95.
wine, 95, 97.
(See FEAST, LIBATIONS, TABLES OF OFFERINGS.)
Oil, 95.
Ombos, 26, 36, 58, 88, 92, 245,
(see KOM OMBO and TEMPLES).
On, genius of, 96.
Osiris
(see GODS).
Ostraka, 36.
Ostrakon, caricature, 172.
Oxen, 123, 128, 153, 175, 182.
Pahûrnefer, 214.
Painting, 192-3, 202-6, 292-3.
(see DRAWING, PERSPECTIVE, WALL-SCENES).
Pakhet
(see GODDESSES).
Palestrina, mosaic, 189-92.
Palette,--
painter's, 202.
scribe's, 128, 166, 170.
Palm capital, 58.
Palms, for roofing, 2, 11
(see DATE and DÔM PALMS).
Papyri, 64 (note), 160, 167, 170, 171, 172-5, 205.
(see BOOK).
Papyrus, 57, 190, 327.
Pavilion,--
of private house, 17.
of Medinet Habû, 32.
of Nectenebo, Philae, 62.
Pearl, mother-of-, 247.
Pearls, 247.
Pectoral, 322, 323, 326, 327.
Pedishashi, 239, 240.
Pegs, 283.
Pen, 175, 215.
Pepi I., 140, 253, 270.
Pepi II., 133, 140, 142.
Perfumes, 67, 128, 157, 180.
Period,--
Hyksos, 227-8, 307.
Persian, 174, 303.
Ptolemaic, 56, 58, 61, 66, 69-70, 72, 79, 90, 93, 98, 175, 208, 241-3,
249, 290, 303, 315, 332.
Roman, 58, 66, 90, 98, 173, 208, 243-5.
Theban, second, 19 and note.
Peristyle, 67, 74, 83, 84, 106
(see PROCESSIONAL HALL).
Perspective, 177-92.
Pestle and mortar, 170.
Petamenoph
(see TOMB).
Petrie, W.M.F., 7, 10, 12, 45, 64-5, 104, 113, 131, 197, 200, 202, 249,
267, 282, 291, 334 _et seq._
Pharaoh, 66, 67, 95-7, 98, 101-3.
Philae
(see TEMPLES).
Phoenicians, 248, 263, 303, 320.
Piankhi I., 34.
Piankhi II., 235 (note).
Pibesa, 237.
Pigments, 202-3.
Pillars, 52, 53-5, 65, 68, 116, 149, 151.
Pincushion, 277.
Pinotem II., 299.
Pinotem III., 299, 332.
Pisebkhanû, 228.
Pithom, i, 36 and note.
Plate, 315-20
(see GOLD and SILVER).
Pliny, 303.
Pohûnika
(see TOMB).
Poignards, 327, 328.
Point, 47 (note), 6, 195, 197, 201, 247, 250.
Polymita, 303.
Ponds, 8, 15, 186.
Porch, 13
(see PORTICO).
Porphyry, 42, 247.
Portcullis, in pyramids, 136, Notes 26, 27, 137, 139.
Portico, 13, 16, 51, 54, 57, 60, 67, 116, 149, 150, 152, 206.
Portrait, panel-painting, 291-2.
(see BAS-RELIEF, MUMMY-CASES, and STATUES).
Posno collection, 308.
Pottery, 166,254-9.
(see GLAZED WARE and VASES).
Priests
(see PHARAOH and others).
Prisse, M., 193.
Processional Hall (promenoir), 53, 58 and note, 60, 77
(see PERISTYLE).
Pronaos, 70, 74-5.
Psammetichus I., 236.
Psammetichus, scribe, 237 and note.
Psar, 322, 331.
Ptah
(see GODS).
Ptahhotep
(see TOMB).
Ptahmes, 208.
Pûnt, Land of, 109 and note.
Pylons, 13, 16, 49, 50, 67, 77, 78, 79, 80, 85, 87, 100-1, 186-8, 189, 232.
Pyramid of,--
Amenemhat III. (Hawara), 143.
Ati, 142.
Khafra (Second Pyramid of Gizeh), 133, 134, 137.
Khûfû (Great Pyramid of Gizeh), 133, 134-7.
Menkara (Third Pyramid of Gizeh), 134, 137.
Merenra, 133, 140.
Pepi I., 140.
Pepi II., 133, 140, 142.
Sakkarah, Step, or Great, 138-9, Note 32.
Sneferû (Medûm), 132,143-4.
Teti, 140.
Ûnas, 133, 138, 139-40.
Ûsertesen I., 143.
Ûsertesen II. (Illahûn), 143.
Pyramidion, 105, 147.
Pyramid-mastaba tombs, 145-8,
Pyramids, 131-45, and Notes, pp, 334-7.
Abûsîr, 131, 134, 138, 140.
Abydos (Hekalli), 144.
Dahshûr, 131, 134, 142.
Esneh (Mohammeriyeh), 144.
Ethiopia (Meroë, Napata, Nûrri), 144.
Fayûm (Hawara and Illahûn), 134, 143.
Gizeh, 131, 133-7, 140.
Lisht, 134, 142.
Manfalût, 144.
Sakkarah, 133, 134, 137, 138-42.
Qodshû, 31.
(see KADESÛ).
Quarries, 35, 41-5, 132.
Ra
(see GODS).
Ra Harmakhis
(see GODS).
Raemka, 220
(see SHEIKH EL BELED).
Rahotep, 214, 219.
Ram, 88, 89, 199.
Rameses I., 78, 158.
Rameses II. (Sesostris), 47, 52, 78, 80, 84, 86, 101, 103, 158, 188, 202,
226, 231, 232, 234, 235, 287-8, 321, 331.
Rameses III., 4, 32-3, 87, 101, 184, 194, 195, 270, 272, 301, 306, 321.
Rameses IV., 160.
Rameses IX., 331.
Ramesseum, the, 36, 37, 47, 57, 60, 62, 72, 92, 100, 103, 159, 187, 234,
265.
Ramessides, the, 1, 23, 109, 153, 168, 235, 266, 290, 320.
Ramparts, 24, 30, 33, 87.
Ranefer, 214, 218.
Rats, 171, 259.
Red Sea, emerald mines, 41.
Redesîyeh, 229.
Reed brush, 171.
Reeds, 180, 266.
Rekhmara
(see TOMB).
Renaissance, 175, 235-40, 290.
Repoussé work
(see GOLD, JEWELLERY, SILVER).
Reservoir, 38-41, 252
(see DAMS, DIKES, IRRIGATION).
Rhind, A.H., 293 and note.
Rings, 267, 305, 321-2, 331.
Roads, 30, 34, 35, 41.
Rock-cut temples and tombs
(see SPEOS and TOMBS).
Roofs, 2, 9, 10, 11, 32, 51, 90.
Rougé, M. le Vicomte de, 109 (note).
_Sa_, amulet, 237 (note).
Sabûah, Wady
(see TEMPLES).
Sacrifices, 95, 97.
(see FEAST and OFFERINGS).
Sails of leather-work, 301.
Sais, 26, 266.
Sakkarah, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 126, 129, 130 (note), 133,
134, 137, 138, 140, 144, 158, 189, 197, 204, 217, 221, 226, 252,
259, 269, 270, 310, 313.
(see PYRAMIDS and TOMBS).
Sân, 1, 26.
(see TANIS).
Sanctuaries
(see SPEOS and TEMPLES).
Sanctuary, the essential part of a temple, 66-7.
Sandals, 168, 286, 298.
Sandstone, 6, 43, 47, 67, 76, 87, 103, 169, 199, 202, 230, 252.
Sapping, 23, 25.
Sarcophagi, 42, 127, 129, 132, 137, 140, 157, 160.
(see MUMMY-CASES).
Sarcophagus of,--
Aahhotep II., 288-9.
Ahmes I., 287.
Ahmesnefertari, 288-9.
Amenhotep I., 287.
Khûfû, 136.
Khûfû Poskhû, 20, 22.
Menkara, 128 (note), 137.
Rameses II., 287, 288.
Seti I., 161, 165 (note).
Thothmes II., 287.
(See MUMMY-CASES.)
Sardanapalus, 314.
Sardinia, 248.
Saucepan of Rameses III., 306.
Saw, 247, 250.
Scaling, as a mode of attack, 23, 25.
Scarabaei, 248-50.
funerary, 168, 265, 325-6.
Scarabaeoids, 248.
Schist, 265.
Schliemann, Dr., 328.
Schweinfurth, Dr., 40.
Scissors, of bronze, 306.
Scorpion, 322, 329.
Scribe,--
cross-legged, 214-17.
kneeling, 214, 222-3, 239.
Sculpture,--
absence of, in chapel of Pyramid of Medûm, 144.
absence of, in Temple of Sphinx, 66.
Greek influence on, 240-3.
Hyksos, school of, 227-8.
mastabas, 119 _et seq._, 130.
Memphite school of, 209-25.
methods of, 200-2.
New Empire school of, 228, 235.
provincial schools of, 228.
pylons, 186-8.
pyramids, 137.
Renaissance school of, 235-40.
Theban (first) school of, 226.
XIII. and XIV. dynasties, 226-7.
(See BAS-RELIEF and STATUES.)
Seals, 321-2.
Seb
(see GODS).
Sebâkh diggers, 237 and note.
Sebekemsaf, 202, 227.
Sebekhotep III., 227.
Sekenenra, 157.
Sekhet
(see GODDESSES).
Selle
(see ZARÛ).
Semneh, 20, 28-9, 50.
Sennetmû, mummy-case of wife of, 286.
(see TOMB).
Sepa, 208.
Serdab, 126-7, 129, 139, 152, 166, 167.
Serpentine, 169, 195, 236, 247, 252.
Serpents, 141, 159, 164, 259, 329.
(see APAPI).
Sesebeh
(see TEMPLES).
Sesostris, 5.
(see RAMESES II.).
Set
(see GODS).
Seti I., King, 34 (note), 42, 47, 48, 49, 51, 78, 85, 101, 107, 158, 161,
162, 163, 195, 231, 232, 235, 270.
Shabaka, 235 (note).
Sharonah
(see TEMPLES).
Sheikh Abd el Gûrneh,--
bronzes from, 307.
enamels from, 263.
Sheikh el Beled, statue of, 214 and note, 220-1, 224, 226
(see RAEMKA).
Sheikh Saîd, 148.
Sheshonk, 33, 235, 270.
Shrines, 66, 108
(see NAOS).
Shû
(see GODS).
Silsilis, 38, 43-5, 232.
Silver,--
bark of, 329-30.
chain of, 322.
eyes of, 310.
hatchets of, 327.
nuggets of, 11.
poignard hilt of, 328.
repoussé work of, 316-17.
rings of, 321.
sources of, 312.
statues of, 314-15.
vases and vessels of, 316 _et seq._
wire of, 248.
Sinai, 41, 66, 101.
Sistrum, 53, 61, 95, 260.
Sitû, 252.
Situlae, bronze, 307.
Siût, 114, 148, 226, 242.
Skemka, 214.
Sky, Egyptian idea of, 90.
Sledges,--
for transport of stone, 45.
funerary, 292, 294.
Sneferu, 132, 144, 209.
Soane collection, 165 (note).
Soil of Egypt, 2, 4, 48.
Soleb
(see TEMPLES).
Sop, genius, 324.
Sothis, feast of, 118.
Soudan, gold from, 313.
Soul, the
(see BA).
Speos, the, 42, 81-5.
Abû Simbel, 53, 82-4.
Kalaat Addah, 81, 82.
Silsilis, 82, 232.
(See HEMI-SPEOS.)
Speos Artemidos
(see TEMPLES).
Sphinx, the, 64 (note), 65, 206-8.
Sphinxes, 325.
andro-, 89, 230.
avenues of, 67, 88-9, 230.
crio-, 88, 89.
Hyksos, 227-8.
New Empire, 229.
Spinners, 124.
Spoons, 273, 278-81, 306.
Stabling, 13, 35, 87.
Staircase,--
fortress, 24.
house, 11, 16.
temple, 70, 71, 85.
temple pylons, 50.
Statue of,--
Alexandrian Isis, 241.
portrait of Amenhotep I., 229.
baker, 224.
cross-legged scribe of Gizeh, 217.
cross-legged scribe of the Louvre, 214-15.
Hor, 242.
Horemheb, 232-3.
Khafra, 214, 217-18, 253.
kneeling scribe, 214, 223.
Mermashiû, 227.
Nefert, 219-20.
Nemhotep (dwarf), 225-6.
Pahûrnefer, 214.
Prince of Siût, 241-2.
a queen, 232.
Rahotep, 219.
Sebekemsaf, 202, 227.
Sebekhotep III., 227.
Sheikh el Beled (Raemka), 214, 220-1, 224.
Sheikh el Beled's wife, 221-2.
Skemka, 214.
Thothmes I., 229.
Thothmes II., 229.
Statues,--
in houses, 13.
in temples, 106, 108-10.
Ka, 126-7, 152, 163, 166, 211-14.
Statuette of,--
Amen, gold, 315.
a girl, 274-5.
Hori Ra, wood, 275.
Horus, bronze, 309-10.
Horus, enamelled, 267.
kneeling genius, bronze, 309.
Mosû, bronze, 310.
Naï, wood, 276.
officer, wood, 275-6.
priest, wood, 275, 276.
Ptah, gold, 315.
Ptahmes, enamelled, 268.
Takûshet, bronze, 308-9.
Statuettes,--
alabaster, 253.
bronze, 307-10.
clay, 257.
Deir el Baharî, 266.
gilt, 314.
gold, 314-15.
ivory, 273-4.
limestone, 253.
period XVIII. and XIX. dynasties, 307.
XXII dynasty, 307.
XXVI dynasty, 307.
wood, Ptolemaic, 307.
(See ÛSHABTIÛ.)
Stela, of Bakhtan, 109 and note.
of Merrûka, 120.
Stelae, 24, 104.
of mastabas, 115, 120-1, 125.
pyramid-mastabas, 146.
rock-cut tombs, 152, 157.
Step Pyramid
(see PYRAMIDS).
Stone, 46.
dikes, 38.
grating, 71.
(See ALABASTER, etc.)
Storage, 16, 35, 36, 87, 132.
Stroganoff, Count, 308.
Stuart, Villiers, 300 (note).
Stucco, 50, 170, 261, 284, 314.
Sûit, mother of Horemheb, 179.
Swine,--
alleged impurity of, 195-6.
transmigration into, 164.
Sycamores, 8, 15.
wood of, 205, 274, 284, 290.
Syene, 45, 77, 196, 209 (note), 243.
(see ASÛAN).
Syenite, 139.
Syria, 31, 34 (note), 87, 187,
248, 303, 312.
_Ta_, amulet, 247, 286.
Tabernacle, 66.
Tables of offerings, 106-7, 115, 119, 130, 157, 166, 237, 251-2.
Taharka, 52, 79.
Tahpanhes, 36 (note).
(see TELL DEFENNEH and DAPHNAE).
Tahûti, general, 316.
Takûshet, 308-9.
Tambourine, 95.
Tanis, 1, 47, 103, 104 (note), 197, 200 (note), 227, 228, 234, 235, 307,
311.
(see SÃN and TEMPLES).
Tanks, of houses, 16.
Tapestry, 296-8, 303 and note.
Tat, amulet, 286 and note.
Tau-cross
(see ANKH).
Taûd, 250.
Taûrt
(see APET and THÛERIS).
Taxation, system of, 35.
Tefnût
(see GODDESSES).
Tehneh, 45.
Tell Basta, I
(see BUBASTIS).
Tell Defenneh, 36 (note),
(see TAPHANHES and DAPHNAE).
Tell el Amarna, 13, 155, 197 (note), 231-3, 263.
Tell el Maskûtah, I
(see PITHOM and THÛKÛ).
Tell el Yahûdeh, tiles of, 270-2.
Tell es Seba, 311.
Tell Eshmûneyn, 265.
Tell Gemayemi, 200, 262 (note).
Temenos, 87-9.
Temples, 46-110.
Abû Simbel, 53, 82-4, 319.
Abydos, 20, 47, 49, 51, 60, 64, 85-6, 90, 194, 232.
Beit el Wally, 84, 205 (note), 235.
Bubastis, 52 and note, 58, 88.
Coptos, 245.
Deir el Baharî, 51, 53, 61, 83, 85 and note, 229.
Deir el Medineh, 69-70.
Derr, 84.
Denderah, 53, 57, 61, 72, 73, 88, 91, 92, 94, 100, 245.
Edfû, 56, 57, 58, 64, 72, 74, 75, 88, 92, 100.
El Kab, 56, 69, 88.
Elephantine, 67-9.
Esneh, 92, 245.
Gebel Barkal, 53.
Gebel Silsileh, 81, 82, 232.
Gerf Husein, 85.
Gizeh, 64-6, 85.
Gûrneh, 60, 159.
Kalaat Addah, 81, 82.
Kalabsheh, 54, 56.
Karnak, 1, 34, 35, 46, 47, 50, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63-4,
70-2, 76-9, 87, 88, 89, 92, 100, 101, 103, 104, 106, 107, 194,
229, 230, 232, 235, 313, 314, 315.
Luxor, 47, 52, 57, 60, 62, 72, 79, 80, 89, 100, 104, 106, 187, 202, 230,
234.
Medamot, 56, 59, 60, 64.
Medinet Habû, 32-3, 50, 53, 60, 63, 72, 87, 101, 159, 184, 194, 199, 288,
315.
Mesheikh, 69.
Nubia, 47, 82.
Ombos, 26, 58, 88, 92-3, 245.
Philae, 58-9, 62, 80-1, 92, 100, 245.
Semneh, 50.
Sesebeh, 58.
Sharonah, 69.
Soleb, 58.
Tanis, 47, 104 (note).
Wady Sabûah, 85, 88.
* * * * *
Amenhotep II, 53.
Amenhotep III, 53, 67-8.
Antoninus Pius, 100.
Caesars, 66.
Dynasty IV, 64.
Dynasty XII, 66.
Hatshepsût
(see DEIR EL BAHARÎ and SPEOS ARTEMIDOS).
Horemheb
(see GEBEL SILSILEH).
Khonsû, at Karnak, 60, 70-2, 74, 235.
Ptolemies, 66.
Rameses III.
(see MEDINET HABÛ).
Seti I, 42.
(See CHAPEL, HEMI-SPEOS, SANCTUARY, SPEOS.)
Terraces, 16, 36, 74.
Terra-cotta, vases of, 114, 166.
Teti, King, pyramid of, 140.
Textiles, 67, 296-8, 302-4.
Alexandrian, 303.
brocaded, 303.
Ekhmîm, 303-4 and note.
Roman, 303.
Thebaid, the, 243, 273.
Thebes, 1, 2, 6, 26, 32, 33, 36, 66, 79, 85, 88, 89, 103, 131, 147, 148,
153, 154, 155, 157-65, 168, 174, 177, 186, 193, 197, 205, 209,
226, 229, 235, 237, 244, 250, 277, 290, 293, 313.
(See KARNAK, LUXOR.)
Thmûis, silver vases of, 316-17.
Thoth
(see GODS).
Thothmes I, 76-7, 229.
Thothmes II, 77, 287.
Thothmes III, 26, 42, 53, 58-9, 60, 77, 92, 157, 229, 263, 302, 326, 320.
Thothmes IV, 205.
Thûeris
(see GODDESSES, APET, and TAÛRT).
Thûkû, 36 and note.
(see PITHOM and TELL EL MASKHÛTAH).
Ti
(see TOMB).
Tiberius, at Denderah and Ombos, 245.
Tibur, Egyptian rooms in Hadrian's villa at, 243.
Tii, Oueen, vase of, 267.
Tiles,--
for mural decoration, 269-72.
in pyramid of Sakkarah, 270.
of Tell el Yahûdeh, 270-2.
Tipcat, 282.
Tin, 304.
Toilet, articles of, 166, 259, 266-7, 273, 277, 281, 306.
Tomb of,---
Affi, 117.
Aï, 16, 17, 155, 158.
Aimadûa, 20.
Amenhotep III, 158.
Ameni, 149, 151.
Anna, 12, 229.
Bakenrenf, 165.
an Entef, 265-6.
Hapizefa, 150.
Hesî, 210.
Horemheb, 179-80, 183.
Horhotep, 156-7.
Hûi, 229,
Kaäpir, 115,
Khabiûsokari, 117, 208.
Khamha, 229.
Khetî, 155.
Khnûmhotep, 149, 150, 151, 152, 155, 177, 297.
Manna, 154.
Merrûka, 120.
Neferhotep, 115, 116, 155.
Nenka, 130 and note.
Petamenoph, 165.
Pohûnika, 116.
Ptahhotep, 118, 119, 122, 124, 188.
Rahotep, 126.
Rameses I., 158.
Rameses II., 158.
Rameses III., 161-3, 301.
Rameses IV., 160.
Red Scribe, 118.
Rekhmara, 3, 186, 187, 229.
Seti I., 158, 161-3, 232.
Sennetmû, 258, 294.
Shepsesptah, 117.
Thenti, 118, 126.
Ti, 116, 117, 127, 155.
Ûna, 155.
Ûrkhûû, 124.
(See PYRAMID.)
Tombs, 111-68.
Egyptian idea of, 111-12.
mastaba-pyramids, 145-8.
mastabas, 113-31.
pyramids, 131-45.
rock-cut tombs, 146-68.
* * * * *
Abydos, 22, 145-7.
Ahnas el Medineh, 259.
Asûan, 53, 148, 149, 150, 259.
Beni Hasan, 24, 53, 148 and note, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 155, 177,
256-7.
Bersheh, 148 and note.
Coptic period, 303-4.
Deir el Gebrawî, 204.
El Amarna, 13, 15, 16, 17.
Fayûm, 259, 291-2, 303-4.
Gizeh, 148.
Greek period, 175.
Kasr es Saîd, 148.
Kûrnet Murraee, 294.
Negadeh, 148.
Sheikh Saîd, 148.
Siût, 148, 150.
Tools, etc.,--
adze, 283, 304.
anvil, 313.
axe, 201, 304.
burin, 305, 325.
chains, measuring, 155.
chisel, 45, 214, 304.
drill, 195, 214, 247, 250, 282.
gouge, 195.
grindstone, 247.
hammer, 195, 313.
knives, 304, 306.
mallet, 45, 197, 202.
pegs, 283.
point, 47, 195 (note), 197, 201, 202, 247, 250.
saw, 247, 250, 304.
wedges, 45.
wheel, 250
(see WHEEL, POTTER'S).
Tops, 284.
Torus, 50.
Towns, 1-2, Note 1, 7-8, 87-8.
Coptic, 8.
Pharaonic, 1, 7, 8.
Ptolemaic, 1.
Roman, 8.
Saïtic, 1.
Twelfth Dynasty, 1, 7.
walled, 20, 26.
Toys, 182, 282.
Trees, 274.
Trellis, 182, 189.
Tûaï, 273.
Tûatmûtf, genius, 258 (note).
Tûm
(see GODS).
Turin Museum, 160, 171, 229, 231, 232, 235, 262, 274, 275.
Turquoise, 247, 325, 329.
Typhon (Set)
(see GODS).
Ûaga, feast of, 118.
Ûahabra, 269 (note).
(see APRIES and HOPHRA).
Ûati
(see GODDESSES).
Ûna
(see TOMB).
Ûnas, 133, 138, 139, 163.
Uraeus (basilisk), 61, 201, 294.
Ûsekh, 326-7.
Ûsertesen I, 76, 143.
Ûsertesen II., 7, 143, 322.
Ûsertesen III., 28, 226, 322, 323.
Ûshabtiû, 167, 253, 257, 266.
_Ûta_, amulet, 247-8.
Varnish, 203-4, 305.
Vases,---
Ancient Empire, 255, 256.
bronze, 305.
canopic, 167, 252-3, 258, 292.
decoration of, 256, 257, 258, 259.
libation, 292, 310.
silver and gold, 316-20.
situlae, 307.
terra-cotta, 114, 166.
toilet, 253-4.
(See BRONZE, GLASS, GLAZED WARE, GOLD, POTTERY, SILVER.)
Vaulting, 6 and note, 36, 51,
145, 146, 150, 151.
Vauquelin, M., 304.
Venus, 243.
Vermilion, 203.
Vienna Museum, 272.
Vulture, 92, 299, 301, 315, 325.
Vyse, Col. Howard., 137
Wady Gerraweh, 40.
Genneh, 41.
Sabûah
(see HEMI-SPEOS).
Wages, 35.
Wall-scenes, 3, 9, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 24, 30, 31, 35, 36,
91, 92, 97, 99, 120, 122, 124, 130, 152-6, 162-5, 177, 178, 179-
92, 193, 194, 195, 260, 284, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, 301, 313,
318, 319, 320.
(see BAS-RELIEF and PAINTING).
Washhouse, 12.
Weavers, 124, 297-8.
Wheel, potter's, 255.
Wig, 236, 275, 276, 286, 308, 310, 332.
Wilkinson, Sir Gardner, 295, 303, 305.
Wilson, Sir E., 128 (note).
Windows, 9, 11, 50, 65, 70, 144.
Wine, 35, 36, 97, 180.
Wood, 25, 50, 66, 169, 205, 210-11, 214 and note, 224, 235, 274-7.
(see CABINET-MAKING, MUMMY-CASES, STATUETTES, STATUES).
Zagazig, 332.
Zarû (Selle), 34 and note.
Zodiacal circle of Denderah, 93, 94.
Zowyet el Aryan, 134.