history of, ii, 220;
used in Rome, ii, 223;
in ancient times, ii, 225;
in Middle Ages, ii, 227
Polychrest, 369, 371; ii, 198, ii, 297
Polyidus, magician, 13
Pomatum, ii, 298
Pomegranates, Biblical reference, 72
Pompholyx, 209, 407, 427
Poppy, in Saxon times, 126;
as remedy, 184;
Shakespearian reference, ii, 75
Poppies, syrup, origin, ii, 116
Populeum, ii, 298
Porta, medical author, 183
Portland powder, 215, 309; ii, 125
Posca, 71
Potassium nitrate. _See_ Nitre sulphate, synonyms, 371
Potato, popularising, 273
Potio Laxativa Viennensis, ii, 121
Potion Noire Anglaise, ii, 122
Poudre des Chartres, secret purchased, 319, 381
Poultice, papyrus formula, 40;
etymology, ii, 298
Powder de Gutteta, ii, 6
of Projection, 379
Saturn, 407
Precious stones, medical use, ii, 32
Precipitatus per se, 416
Prepositus’s Antidotary, 116
Prescribing by chemists, limitation, 155
Prescriptions on papyri, 36, 41;
from “Don Juan,” ii, 59;
origin, ii, 304
Priestley discovers oxygen, 270
Primum Ens Sanguinis, ii, 7
Proine, ii, 258
Prometheus, the first pharmacist, 12
Propomata, ii, 298
Prosdita, ii, 299
Prussian blue, discovery, ii, 27, ii, 28
Prussic acid, discovery, 270
Psilothrum, ii, 298
Ptisans, ii, 299
Ptomaines, discovery, ii, 242
Pulvis Cornacchini, 309
Principis Mirandolæ, 310
Scammoniæ co., origin, 308
Pyroligneous acid, made by Glauber, 263
Pyroxylin, discovery, 340
Pythagoras antidote, 18
Q
Quack doctor’s harangue, ii, 204
Quackery in ninth century, 107
Quakers’ Black Drop, ii, 145
Quassia, introduction, ii, 117;
etymology, ii, 118
Quevenne’s iron, 404
Quicksilver, first mention, 408;
bottles for, 408;
girdles, 420.
_See also_ Mercury
Quinodine, discovery, ii, 247
Quinine, discovery, 274; ii, 246;
synthetic, ii, 264, ii, 265
Quinsy, Hippocrates’s treatment, 86
Quintessences, prepared by Paracelsus, 246; ii, 243
R
Ra’s ointment, 43
Rakach, meaning of, 52
Raleigh’s Great Cordial, 310, 312
Raleigh, Sir Walter, portrait, 311;
medical knowledge, 311;
confection, 312
“Rational” formulæ, ii, 261
Read, Queen Anne’s oculist, ii, 14
“Receptarium Antidotarii,” 218
Recipe sign, origin, ii, 302
Red bottle, ii, 217
cloth as small-pox cure, 169, 186
precipitate, introduction, 105;
used by Paracelsus, 243, 249;
early references, 416;
preparation, 416
Reduced iron, 404
Re’em, identity of, 29
Regenerated tartar, 371
Regulus of Antimony, 379
Renandot’s mercurial pills, 412
Rhazes, chemical writer, 105, 106;
ointment, 407;
pil cochiæ, ii, 152
Rheumatism, early treatment, 136
Rhizotomoi, 95
Rhubarb, first mention, 216
Ricinus, Biblical plant, 67;
origin, ii, 92;
in papyrus, 41.
_See also_ Castor oil
Ridge’s Food, patent, ii, 167
Rocha alum, 331
Roche’s Embrocation, patent, ii, 166
Rochelle salt, 372;
first official, ii, 67; ii, 197
Rochester, Earl, as quack, ii, 203
Rock oil, 360.
_See also_ Petroleum
“Romeo and Juliet,” origin, ii, 77
“Rosa Anglicana,” 134
Rose water, Arabic origin, 103;
early mention, 328
Rosemary, derivation, 296;
properties, 296;
Queen of Hungary uses, 297
Rosencreutz, 181
Rosetta stone, 35
Rosh, meaning, ii, 222
Rosicrucians, 181
Rouelle, French chemist, 277
Rousseau’s laudanum, ii, 144
Royal College of Physicians, incorporation, 143;
dispensaries, 151, 156;
prosecute an apothecary, 154;
origin, ii, 60
Royal touch cures disease, 298;
ceremony described, 304
Rufus pill, invention, ii, 140
Runge’s researches, ii, 263
Runstall’s Black Drop, ii, 145
S
Sabor-Ebn-Sahel’s Pharmacopœia, 103
Saffron, called blood of Throth, 35;
derivation, 72;
Biblical reference, 72
St. John’s Wort, charm, 172
“Sal Admirabile,” 261
Sal Alembroth, 243, 417;
etymology, ii, 279;
ammoniac, discovery, 6;
Glauber makes, 263;
early reference, 334
Sal ammoniacum factitium, 336
de Duobus, 371; ii, 198; ii, 281
Enixon, 261
fixum, 335; ii, 298
Fossile, 369
Gemmæ, 369
Jovis, 425; ii, 311
Polychrestum, 369;
Glaser’s, 371; ii, 198;
Seignette’s, ii, 197; ii, 297
Prunella, how prepared, 368;
why so-called, 369
Purgatorius, 220
sacerdotale, 220
sapientiæ, 417; ii, 279
viperum, 208
volatile oleosum, 336.
_See also_ Salt _and_ Sel
Salamanders’ Blood, ii, 298
Salerno Medical School, 115;
dissolved, 117
Salia, ii, 298
Salicylic acid, synthetic, ii, 269
Salmon, W., note on, ii, 179; ii, 180
Salol, discovery, ii, 274
Salsa, ii, 119
Salt, etymology of, 325
of the Holy Apostles, 220
of many virtues, 369
of Mars, 398
of St. Luke, 220
of tartar, 326, 371, 372
of wisdom, 417; ii, 279
of wormwood, 326.
_See also_ Sal _and_ Sel
Saltpetre, _See_ nitre
Salpêtrière Asylum, why so-called, 359
“Sardonic grin,” origin of expression, ii, 226
Sarsaparilla, introduction, ii, 118;
medical use, ii, 118;
etymology, ii, 119;
decoctions, ii, 154
Savory’s Seidlitz Powders, ii, 156; ii, 167
Saxifrage as remedy, 184
Saxon pharmacy, 124
Scammony powder, 308
Schacht’s liquor bismuthi, 387
Scheele, biography, 266;
statue, 267;
investigations, 268;
pharmacy, 269;
medallion, 276
Schönbein discovers pyroxylin, 340
Schwalbach mineral springs, 403
Schwanberg’s fever powder, ii, 191
Scorpion grass, 184
Scrofula, etymology, 299;
cramprings for, 303;
burnt sponge for, 353.
_See also_ King’s Evil
Scruple sign, origin, ii, 300
Scutum, ii, 298
Sea-sickness, early remedy, 126
Seba, naturalist, 278
Seed of gold, 389
Seguin discovers morphine, ii, 244
Seidlitz powders, origin, ii, 156;
patent, ii, 167
Seignette’s salt, 372; ii, 197
Sel de Duobus, 371; ii, 198
Essentiel de quinquina, ii, 246
Narcotique de Derosne, ii, 244
de Seignette, 372; ii, 197
Seneca oil, 359
Senna, introduction, 105, 218
Seplasia, 94
Seplasiarii, 94
Serapion of Alexandria (or The Elder), 109;
epilepsy remedy, 166, 217
The Younger, 110
Serenus, Roman physician, 164
Sertürner discovers morphine, ii, 244
Serullas, French chemist, 282
“Seven metals,” ii, 304
Sévigné, Marquise de, portrait, 192
Shakespearian references, 20, 30; ii, 70
Sheba, Queen of, 54
Sheben, identity, 42
Shekel, ancient weight, 59
Signatures, doctrine of, 183
“Signet star of philosophy,” 225
Silphion, introduction, 16
Silver, medical uses, 422;
symbol, ii, 306, 307, 310
nitrate, first use, 105, 423;
made into sticks, 424
Simpson, J. G., uses anæsthetics, ii, 251;
portrait, ii, 253
Sinapisms, ii, 298
Singleton’s eye ointment, ii, 126, 199
Skin, as a charm, 173
Skull oil, 247
Skulls, medical uses, 248; ii, 5, 6
Sleep promoting, 128, 138
Sloane, Sir Hans, edits P.L. 1721, ii, 65
Small-pox, first mention, 104;
early treatment, 130, 169, 186; ii, 130
Smegma, ii, 298
Snails as remedy, ii, 11
Snake-venom antidotes, 112;
immunity, ii, 239
Soap, Biblical reference, 70, 324
Soap liniment, origin of, ii, 150
Society of apothecaries. _See_ Apothecaries’ Society
Soda tartarata, ii, 197
Sodium carbonate, Biblical reference, 70
Solar elixir, ii, 311
Solecism, derivation, 207
Solomon’s treatise on medicine, 49;
magical secrets, 159
The Hebrew, 157
Soluble mercury, 418
“Solvent mineral,” ii, 135
Somnus, god of sleep, 17
“Sons of God” legend, 3
Sorbito, ii, 299
Sorcery, identified with pharmacy, 52;
held in esteem, 160
Sparadrap, ii, 299
de Vigo, 411
Specificum purgans, 244, 371
Spermaceti, medical use, ii, 28;
derivation, ii, 29;
Shakespearian reference, ii, 74
Spicerers’ Guild, 139
Spiders, medical use, ii, 14
Spielman’s Vermifuge Electuary, 426
Spikenard, value, 73;
Biblical reference, 73;
ointment, 73, 74
Spirit of nitrous ether, origin, 349;
early formulæ, 349
of salt, Valentine describes, 228;
discovery, 263, 369;
medical uses, 369;
properties, 370
of tartar, 372
of vitriol, 373, 374
of wine. _See_ Alcohol.
Spiritus Ætheris Co., origin, 348
Ætheris Nitrosi. _See_ Spirit of Nitrous Ether
Ammoniæ Succinatus, 338
Ammoniæ Aromaticus, 335, 337
Mundi, 361
Nitri Dulcis. _See_ Spirit of Nitrous Ether
Salis Marini Glauberi. _See_ Spirit of Salt
Volatilis Oleosus, 335, 337
Vini Ethereus. _See_ Ether
Vitrioli Antepilepticus Paracelsi, 347
Spilsbury’s Anti-scorbutic Drops, ii, 166
“Spot Ward,” ii, 213
Spruce Dr., obtains cinchona seeds, ii, 105
Squill called Eye of Typhon, 35;
vinegar, 18
Stacte, identity, 56, 63
Stahl’s theory of the elements, 175;
portrait, 176
Starcraft, Saxon, 124
Starkey’s Pills, origin, ii, 154
Stationarii, 118
Steer’s opodeldoc, ii, 150
Stephens’s Cure for stone, 319; ii, 199;
recipe, ii, 200
Sterling, derivation, 138
Stibium, _See_ Antimony
Stimmi, 378
Stoughton’s Cordial Elixir, ii, 162
Stramonium, history, ii, 119;
introduction, ii, 120
Structural formulæ, ii, 261
Strychnine, discovery, ii, 248
Strychnos manikon, 25
Sublimation dulce, 419
Suffumenta, ii, 299
Suffumigia, ii, 299
Substitution theory, ii, 259
Sugar, arabic derivation, 103;
a rarity, ii, 30
Sulphonal, preparation, ii, 272
Sulphur, symbol, ii, 309
Sulphuric acid, 373
Sun-stone, 361
Supplantalia, ii, 299
Suppositories, ii, 299
Swammerdam, Dutch anatomist, 285
Swediaur’s pilula ferri, 351
Sweet spirit of nitre, _See_ Spirit of Nitrous Ether
Sydenham, on iron, 399;
portrait, 400;
laudanum, ii, 143
Sylvius’s Carminative Spirit, 337
salt, 336
Sympathetic egg, 190
ointment, 188, 189, 190; ii, 6
powder, 191
remedies, 187
Symbols, alchemical, ii, 304, ii, 308, ii, 309
Synthetic Remedies, ii, 256
Syphilis, book on, 224;
Valentine’s reference, 229;
treatment, 243;
mercury as cure, 409;
origin, 413;
early treatment, 413;
guaiacum as cure, 414, ii, 112
Syrup, derivation, 103; ii, 299
T
Takkum gum, 53
Talbor’s Tincture of Bark, 319
Talbor R., employs cinchona, 319; ii, 97
process, ii, 99
Talismans worn by Arabs, 163;
universality, 171.
_See also_ Charms
Talmud, medicine in, 49
Tamarinds, introduction, 105, 218
Tansy, origin, 22
Tapeworm remedy, Nouffer’s, 320;
Kousso, ii, 115
Tar water, invention, 316;
opinions, 318
Tartar etymology, 370
preparations, 371, 372
Tartaric acid, discovery, 268
Tartarised iron, 402
Tartarum tartarisatus, 373
Tartarus, mythical hell, 370
Tartre Stibié, 384
Tartre Stygié, 384
“Tasteless Ague Drops,” ii, 133
Temperature, doctrine of, 180
Terra Germanica, ii, 54
Livonica, ii, 55
Mellitea, ii, 54
Portugallica, ii, 54
Samia, ii, 54
Sicula, ii, 54
Sigillata, Galen on, 213; ii, 53;
how prepared, ii, 54;
uses, ii, 54
Strigensis, ii, 54
Terres damnées, ii, 283
Tetragonon, 87, 376
Tetrapharmacum, 310
Theine, discovery, ii, 248
Themison, Roman physician, 90;
uses leeches, ii, 139;
Hiera, ii, 139
Thénard, French chemist, 282
Theriaca, medical uses, 131;
absurdities, 290;
origin, 292;
formulæ, ii, 38, 39;
invention, ii, 42;
virtues, ii, 43;
history, ii, 48;
ceremony, ii, 44, ii, 45, ii, 46, ii, 46;
esteemed, ii, 47;
as poison antidote, ii, 221
Theriakon, Andromachus’s, 90
Thistles as remedy, 184
Thoth, inventor of medicine, 4, 38; ii, 305
blood, 35
Thurneyssen’s “Magistery of the Sun,” 390
Thus, derivation, 56
Thuti, _See_ Thoth
Thymiana, meaning, 55
Tilly’s Dutch Drops, ii, 176
Tin as vermifuge, 424;
medical compounds, 424;
symbol, ii, 307, ii, 310
oxide as nail polish, 426
salts, used by Paracelsus, 245
Tinctura Aloes Co., origin, ii, 57
Benzoin Co., origin, ii, 135
Lavandulæ Co., origin, ii, 146
Lunæ, 423
Tinctura Metallorum, 244
solis, etc., 390
Tonica Nervina Bestucheffi, 321, 322, 404
Tisanes, ii, 299
Tofano, poisoner, ii, 235
Tooth-ache, early remedy, 130
cause, 168
charms, 161, 168
Tooth-extraction, anæsthetics in, ii, 249
Toxicology, rise of, ii, 240
Tranquille, note on, ii, 175
Traumatic Balsam, ii, 135
Trefoil as remedy, 184
Trismegistus, Hermes’s surname, 5
“Triumphal Chariot of Antimony,” 224
Troches, etymology, ii, 299
Trochiscus trigonus, 87
Tsora, meaning, 53
Turbith mineral, Paracelsus uses, 243;
why so called, 417
Turlington’s Drops, ii, 135
Turner’s Cerate, origin, ii, 157;
formula, ii, 158
Turner, Dr., note on, ii, 157;
publications, ii, 158
Turpentine as remedy, 50
Tutty, ii, 159
Typhon’s eye, 35
U
Uisage-beatha, old Irish drink, 329
Unguentum Ægyptiacum, ii, 52
Arcœi, ii, 133
Desiccativum Rubrum, ii, 160
Diapomphologos, 407, 427; ii, 160
Nutritum, 407; ii, 160; ii, 296
Refrigerans, ii, 65; ii, 127
Rosatum, ii, 160
Saturninum, 407
Sympatheticum, 188, 189, 190
Tetrapharmacum, ii, 282
Tripharmacum, 406
Ungius odorata, 57
Unicorn, Biblical references, 29;
in Royal Arms, 30;
Shakespearian references, 30;
Scottish pound, 30;
Apothecary’s sign, 31
Unicorn’s horn, 29, 30
“Universal medicine,” Geber’s claim, 106
“Universal panacea,” 414
“Universal remedy,” 132, 374
“Universal solvent,” Glauber’s, 264
Urus, identity, 29
Usquebagh, ii, 65
V
Valenciennes, naturalist, 282
Valency, theory, ii, 260
Valentine, Basil, 181, 224;
portrait, 225;
identity, 228;
works, 228
Valangin’s solution, ii, 135
Van Helmont on weapon salve, 191;
biography, 257;
portrait, 258;
contracts itch, 258;
discovers carbonic acid, 259;
physiology, 260;
employs alum, 331
Van Swieten’s solution, 421;
anæsthetic story, ii, 254
Vauquelin, biography, 271;
portrait, 272;
discovers narcotine, ii, 244;
discovers daphnine and nicotine, ii, 245
Vegetable ethiops, 351
vitriol, 375
“Vegeto-Mineral Water,” Goulard’s 265
Venice treacle. _See_ Theriaca
Venom antidotes, Arabian, 112; ii, 239
Venus uses dittany, 26
Veratrine, discovery, ii, 248
Vervain, 35;
used by Saxons, 126
Verdigris ointment, 16; ii, 52
Vigo, John de, biography, 410;
plaster, 411
Vinegar, Biblical references, 64, 65, 71
Vinum Millepedarum, ii, 11
Vipers, medicinal uses, 90; ii, 19;
Charas on, 280; ii, 20;
de Sévigné on, ii, 21;
Quincy on, ii, 22;
preparations, ii, 22
Vis Coriaria, ii, 246
Vitriol, early use, 372;
kinds, 373;
etymology, 373;
medical uses, 373, 398;
preparations, 374;
symbols, ii, 309.
_See also_ Oil of Vitriol _and_ Spirit of Vitriol
Vitriol of Mars, 373
Venus, 373; ii, 311
Vitriolated tartar, 371
Vitriolum Camphoratum, 374
Vocabulary, pharmaceutical, ii, 278
“Volatile gold,” 396
Vulnerarii, 92
W
Walnuts as remedy, 185
Want’s Tincture of Colchicum, ii, 186
Warburg, Dr. Carl, biography, ii, 206;
poverty, ii, 207
Warburg’s Tincture, history, ii, 206;
formula, ii, 207
Ward, Joshua, biography, ii, 208;
portrait, ii, 209;
recipes, ii, 211, 213
Ward’s paste, ii, 67
Warts, remedies, 169
transferring, 170, 172.
_See also_ Wort-cunning
Watercress, medical use, 125
Weapon salve. _See_ Sympathetic Ointment
Weights, ancient, 44, 59
signs for, ii, 300
Wellcome Research Laboratory (Khartoum), 162
Wells, H., uses nitrous oxide gas, ii, 249;
portrait, ii, 250
Whisky, early use, 329
White lead ointment, 288, 406
White vitriol, 373, 426
Whitworth doctors, ii, 215;
cures, ii, 216
Whooping-cough, transferring, 170
Wiener, Frank, ii, 121
Willis, Dr., portrait, 401
Willis’s Preparation of Steel, 400, 401
Witches’ powers, 171
Withering, Dr. W., biography, ii, 110;
on digitalis, ii, 110
Wohler’s discovery, ii, 257;
portrait, ii, 258
“Wolf of Metals,” 379
Wondreton, poisoner, ii, 227
Woodcock’s Wind Pills, ii, 167
Wool fat used by Dioscorides, 210
Words, origin of, 33
Worms, early remedy, 42, 43, 245
Wormwood, Biblical reference, 64
Wort-cunning, Saxon, 124
Wound Balsam, ii, 135
Writing, invention, 4
Z
Zebethum Occidentale, ii, 9
Zinc, early references, 426;
alloys, 426;
composition, 427;
preparations, 427;
symbol, ii, 309
oxide, synonyms, 427
sulphate. _See_ White Vitriol
Zoroaster, inventor of medicine, 6, 157
R. CLAY AND SONS, LTD., BREAD ST. HILL, E.C., AND BUNGAY, SUFFOLK.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] The historical part of Dr. Tschirch’s great work on Pharmakognosie
is in course of publication while the proofs of this book are being
read. It promises to be very thorough and modern in regard to drugs.
[2] Labdanum or ladanum is a resinous substance which exudes from the
leaves and branches of a shrub found in the Isle of Candy--_Cistus
creticus_ of Linnæus. It was formerly collected by combing the beards
of goats which fed on these leaves. A commoner kind was brought from
Spain. It was an ingredient in an anti-hysteric nerve cordial called
Theriaque Cœleste. It was also combined in a plaster designed to cure
rupture.
[3] The footman story is also told of the owner of Murray’s Specific
for Gout, of whom it was probably true.
[4] Synthetic cocaine and other artificial alkaloids differ from the
natural products only in being without action on polarised light.
[5] John Lydgate, a monk of Bury, born 1370, left some amusing poems,
very valuable on account of the insight they give into the customs of
his period. One of them is an application to the Duke of Gloucester for
money. Lydgate says he is dressed in black “’cause my purs was falle in
grete rerage”; while his “guttes were out shake, Only for lak of plate
and coyngnage.” So he “sought lechis for a restauratif, In whom I fonde
no consolacione, To a poticary for confortatyf, Drugge nor dya was none
in Bury towne.”
Transcriber’s Note:
1. Obvious printers’, spelling and punctuation errors have been silently
corrected.
2. Errata have been silently corrected.
3. Some hyphenated and non-hyphenated versions of the same words have
been retained as in the original.
4. Italics are shown as _xxx_.
5. Subscripts are represented with underscore and brackets, e.g. CH_{4}
for methane.